Unit 4 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading（分层作业）英语译林版2020必修第一册

Unit 4 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 1． 　　　  把垃圾放进垃圾箱 2．             保持草坪整洁 3．             礼貌地提醒他们 4．             为他人着想 5．             叫他们住手 6．             推广价值观教育 7．             激励学生努力学习 8．             建立一种诚实文化 9．             提供有效的建议或想法 10．           制定有效的解决方案 二、单句语法填空 11．The boy (skip) the third grade because of his great aptitude in mathematics. 12．Dreams are open to (interpret). 13．She cannot bear to watch the film because of the bad (memory) it brings back. 14．Two years ago, he came to power, but up till now, he hasn’t failed to find an (effect) solution to the country’s economic problems. 15．It is admitted that reading is mostly a personal activities which needs quietness and (concentrate). 16．The teacher used (energy) teaching methods to keep the students engaged and interested in the lesson. 17．The telephone rang, and he answered it (immediate). 18．We are discussing several approaches to (prove) the theory. 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．A new theory-put forward by the young scientist raised doubts, but eventually it (证明是正确的). 2．Living well is the safest and most effective way . (强身健体) 3．George, (有点被摄像机惊吓到), waved dutifully at the adoring crowds. (非谓语动词作状语) 4． (据证明) your plan is practical and effective. 四、语法填空 Teenagers try going on a diet and skipping meals 5 (control) their weight. 6 a teenager, if you skip meals, you don’t have enough calories you need. For a 7 (health) diet, you should eat 8 (most) rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. A person needs 6－8 9 (glass) of water a day because water can keep your system clean, improve your skin and give you healthy hair. The advice of experts is that teenagers spend 30 minutes 10 (exercise) five times 11 week, because it makes people look good, feel good 12 be healthy. A good amount of sleep every night is important for health. One needs 8 to 10 hours each night because 13 (lose) of sleep can make a person look 14 (tire) and put on weight. 五、阅读理解 One day when I was 5, my mother scolded me for not finishing my rice and I got angry. I wanted to play outside and not to be made to finish eating my rice. When angrily opening the screen door with my foot, I kicked back a 12-inch part of the lower left-hand corner of the new screen door. But I had no remorse, for I was happy to be playing in the backyard with my toys. Today, I know if my child had done what I did, I would have scolded my child and told him about how expensive this new screen door was, and I would have given him a spanking (打屁股) for it. But my parents never said a word. They left the corner of the screen door broken, creating an opening. For years, every time I saw that corner of the screen door, it would constantly make me think about my mistake. For years, I knew that everyone in my family would see that hole and remember who had done it. For years, every time I saw a fly in the kitchen, I would wonder if it came in through the hole that I had created with my angry foot. I would wonder if my family members were thinking the same thing, silently blaming me every time a flying insect entered our home. My parents taught me a valuable lesson, one that a spanking or stern (严厉的) words perhaps could not teach. Their silent punishment for what I had done delivered a hundred stern messages to me. Above all, it has helped me become a more patient person and not get mad so easily. 1．What does the underlined word “remorse” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A．Regret. B．Hurt. C．Joy. D．Notice. 2．What did the author’s parents do when he damaged the screen door? A．They gave him a spanking. B．They left the screen door unrepaired. C．They scolded him for what he had done. D．They told him how expensive it was. 3．How does the experience benefit the author? A．He can hide his anger in front of others. B．He can have better control of himself. C．He will never go against his parents’ will. D．He will never make such mistakes in the future. 4．What is the main idea of this text? A．Adults should ignore their children’s bad behavior. B．Parents are the best teachers of their children. C．What is the best way to become a more patient person? D．Silent punishment may have a better effect on educating people. 六、七选五 Everyone feels anxious or nervous at times. Feelings like these can surface when you face a challenge. 5 You might feel anxious when it’s your turn to speak in class. These feelings can be uncomfortable, but you can manage with the help of the following tips. ●Start with a growth mindset (思想倾向). Some people have a fixed mindset. They might think, “This is how I am. I get anxious before speaking in class. So I don’t raise my hand.” With a fixed mindset, people don’t think things can change. But people with a growth mindset know they can get better at just about everything — with effort and practice. 6 ●Notice what anxiety feels like for you. Get to know the body feelings that are part of anxiety. When you’re anxious, do you feel “butterflies”? Shaky hands? A faster heartbeat? Know that these feelings are part of the body’s normal response to a challenge. 7 Next time they happen, try to notice the feelings without getting upset. Accept them and let them be there. ● 8 When you’re anxious, it’s common to tell yourself things like, “I can’t do this.” Or “What if I mess this up?” Instead, tell yourself something that could help you face the moment with a bit of courage, “It’s OK to feel anxious. I can do this anyway.” It’s facing the anxiety that helps you manage it. This is called exposure. Learning to cope with anxiety takes time and patience. Most of all, it takes practice and willingness to face it. It starts with one small step. 9 A．Give it all of your attention. B．That includes dealing with anxiety. C．Talk yourself through anxiety and face it. D．They’re not harmful and they fade on their own. E．It can help you “reset” and be ready to move forward. F．For example, you might feel nervous before taking big exams. G．The more you practice, the better you’ll get at managing anxiety. 2 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 1． 　　　  把垃圾放进垃圾箱 2．             保持草坪整洁 3．             礼貌地提醒他们 4．             为他人着想 5．             叫他们住手 6．             推广价值观教育 7．             激励学生努力学习 8．             建立一种诚实文化 9．             提供有效的建议或想法 10．           制定有效的解决方案 【答案】 1．put the litter into a rubbish bin 2．keep the grass looking really neat 3．politely remind them 4．be considerate of others 5．ask them to stop 6．promote values education 7．inspire students to work hard 8．build a culture of honesty 9．offer effective advice or ideas 10．develop effective solutions 【解析】 1．“把……放进”可译为put...into...，“垃圾”可译为litter，“垃圾箱”可译为a rubbish bin，故译为put the litter into a rubbish bin。 2．“保持”译为keep，“草坪”译为the grass，用现在分词looking really neat作宾语补足语，表示“看起来整洁”符合，故译为keep the grass looking really neat。 3．“礼貌地”可译为politely，作状语，“提醒他们”可译为remind them，故译为politely remind them。 4．“为……着想”可译为be considerate of，“他人”可译为others，故译为be considerate of others。 5．“叫某人做某事”可译为ask sb.  to do sth.，“住手”可译为stop，故译为ask them to stop。 6．“推广”可译为promote，“价值观教育”可译为value education，故译为promote values education。 7．“激励”可译为inspire，用students“学生”作宾语，后接不定式work hard“努力学习”作宾语补足语，故译为inspire students to work hard。 8．“建立”可译为build，“一种诚实文化”可译为a culture of honesty，故译为build a culture of honesty。 9．“提供”可译为offer，“有效的”可译为effective，“建议”可译为advice，不可数名词，“想法”可译为idea ，故译为offer effective advice or ideas。 10．“制定”可译为develop，“有效的”可译为effective，“解决办法”可译为solution，可数名词用复数，故填develop effective solutions。 二、单句语法填空 11．The boy (skip) the third grade because of his great aptitude in mathematics. 【答案】skipped 【详解】考查时态。句意：这个男孩因为他在数学方面的杰出天赋而跳过了三年级。句子中没有谓语动词，空处应为句子的谓语动词，跳过三年级是已经发生的事情，句子的时态是一般过去时，应用动词skip的过去式，skip属于重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要双写这个辅音字母加ed成为skipped。故填skipped。 12．Dreams are open to (interpret). 【答案】interpretation 【详解】考查名词。句意：梦是可以解释的。介词to后接名词形式在句中作宾语。interpret的名词形式interpretation。故填interpretation。 13．She cannot bear to watch the film because of the bad (memory) it brings back. 【答案】memories 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：她不忍看这部电影，因为它勾起了她不好的回忆。此处memory意为“记忆，回忆”，为可数名词，根据句意可知，此处是指很多回忆，应用复数形式。故填memories。 14．Two years ago, he came to power, but up till now, he hasn’t failed to find an (effect) solution to the country’s economic problems. 【答案】effective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：两年前，他上台执政，但到目前为止，他一直未能找到解决国家经济问题的有效办法。修饰名词solution应用形容词effective表示“有效的”作定语。故填effective。 15．It is admitted that reading is mostly a personal activities which needs quietness and (concentrate). 【答案】concentration 【详解】考查名词。句意：众所周知，阅读大多是个人活动，需要安静和专注。在动词needs后作宾语应用名词concentration表示“专注”，为不可数名词。故填concentration。 16．The teacher used (energy) teaching methods to keep the students engaged and interested in the lesson. 【答案】energetic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：老师用充满活力的教学方法使学生对课程保持专注和兴趣。由空后teaching methods为名词短语可知，此处为形容词energetic“充满活力的”作定语修饰该名词短语，满足句意要求。故填energetic。 17．The telephone rang, and he answered it (immediate). 【答案】immediately 【详解】考查副词。句意：电话铃响了，他立刻接了电话。空处修饰动词answered，需用副词形式作状语。所给词immediate为形容词，意为“立刻的，立即的”，其副词形式为immediately，意为“立刻，立即”。故填immediately。 18．We are discussing several approaches to (prove) the theory. 【答案】proving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们正在讨论证明这一理论的几种方法。空前的to为介词，approach和to搭配，表示“……的方法”，空处应用prove“证明”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填proving。 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．A new theory-put forward by the young scientist raised doubts, but eventually it (证明是正确的). 【答案】 proved correct 【详解】考查系动词和形容词。句意：一位年轻科学家提出的新的理论曾引发质疑，但最终证明是正确的。表示 “证明”应用系动词prove ，prove(to be)+n./adj.，意为“证明是……”，表示“正确的”应用形容词correct，作表语，由raised doubts, but eventually it可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填proved correct。 2．Living well is the safest and most effective way . (强身健体) 【答案】to get into shape 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：好好生活是强身健体最安全、最有效的方法。根据中文提示可知，表示“强身健体”应用get into shape，为固定搭配，且这里考查way to do sth，表“做某事的方法”，所以此处应用不定式作后置定语。故填to get into shape。 3．George, (有点被摄像机惊吓到), waved dutifully at the adoring crowds. (非谓语动词作状语) 【答案】looking slightly alarmed by all the cameras 【详解】考查形容词、副词、名词和非谓语动词。句意：乔治有点被摄像机惊吓到，但仍保持礼貌地向爱慕的群众挥手。“被吓到”可用感官动词look和形容词alarmed搭配，“有点”可用副词slightly，“被摄像机”可用介词by和名词短语all the cameras搭配，因look和逻辑主语George是主动关系，应用现在分词形式状语。故填looking slightly alarmed by all the cameras。 4． (据证明) your plan is practical and effective. 【答案】It is proven that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：据证明，你的计划既实际又有效。根据句意以及后文的is可知，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。根据汉语提示，表示“据证明”用固定句型it is proven that...；此处it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母应该大写。故填It is proven that。 四、语法填空 Teenagers try going on a diet and skipping meals 5 (control) their weight. 6 a teenager, if you skip meals, you don’t have enough calories you need. For a 7 (health) diet, you should eat 8 (most) rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. A person needs 6－8 9 (glass) of water a day because water can keep your system clean, improve your skin and give you healthy hair. The advice of experts is that teenagers spend 30 minutes 10 (exercise) five times 11 week, because it makes people look good, feel good 12 be healthy. A good amount of sleep every night is important for health. One needs 8 to 10 hours each night because 13 (lose) of sleep can make a person look 14 (tire) and put on weight. 【答案】 5．to control 6．As 7．healthy 8．mostly 9．glasses 10．exercising 11．a 12．and 13．loss 14．tired 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青少年保持健康的方法。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：青少年尝试节食和不吃饭来控制自己的体重。结合语意，青少年尝试节食和不吃饭是为了控制自己的体重，所以空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to control。 6．考查介词。句意：作为一个青少年，如果你不吃饭，你就没有足够的卡路里。结合语意，此处表示“作为一个青少年”，空处应用介词as，表示“作为”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填As。 7．考查形容词。句意：就健康饮食而言，你应该主要吃米饭、面包、蔬菜和水果。空处修饰名词diet，应用形容词形式作定语，healthy是形容词，表示“健康的”，符合题意。故填healthy。 8．考查副词。句意：就健康饮食而言，你应该主要吃米饭、面包、蔬菜和水果。空处修饰动词eat，应用副词形式作状语，mostly是副词，表示“主要地”，符合题意。故填mostly。 9．考查名词。句意：一个人每天需要6-8杯水，因为水可以保持你的系统清洁，改善你的皮肤，让你的头发健康。glass表示“杯”，是可数名词，空前出现数词6－8，所以名词应用复数形式。故填glasses。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：专家的建议是，青少年每周五次花30分钟锻炼，因为这会让人看起来好，感觉好，身体健康。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“花费时间做某事”，其中介词in可以省略，所以空处应用动名词形式作宾语。故填exercising。 11．考查冠词。句意：专家的建议是，青少年每周五次花30分钟锻炼，因为这会让人看起来好，感觉好，身体健康。five times a week表示“一周五次”，所以空处应用不定冠词a。故填a。 12．考查连词。句意：专家的建议是，青少年每周五次花30分钟锻炼，因为这会让人看起来好，感觉好，身体健康。结合语意，look good，feel good和be healthy并列，所以空处应用并列连词and进行连接。故填and。 13．考查名词。句意：一个人每晚需要8到10个小时，因为睡眠不足会让人看起来疲倦，体重增加。空处在because引导的原因从句中作主语，应用名词loss，表示“亏损”，loss of sleep表示“睡眠不足”。故填loss。 14．考查形容词。句意：一个人每晚需要8到10个小时，因为睡眠不足会让人看起来疲倦，体重增加。结合语意，此处表示“看起来疲倦”，空处应用形容词tired，表示“感觉疲倦的”，与look构成系表结构。故填tired。 五、阅读理解 One day when I was 5, my mother scolded me for not finishing my rice and I got angry. I wanted to play outside and not to be made to finish eating my rice. When angrily opening the screen door with my foot, I kicked back a 12-inch part of the lower left-hand corner of the new screen door. But I had no remorse, for I was happy to be playing in the backyard with my toys. Today, I know if my child had done what I did, I would have scolded my child and told him about how expensive this new screen door was, and I would have given him a spanking (打屁股) for it. But my parents never said a word. They left the corner of the screen door broken, creating an opening. For years, every time I saw that corner of the screen door, it would constantly make me think about my mistake. For years, I knew that everyone in my family would see that hole and remember who had done it. For years, every time I saw a fly in the kitchen, I would wonder if it came in through the hole that I had created with my angry foot. I would wonder if my family members were thinking the same thing, silently blaming me every time a flying insect entered our home. My parents taught me a valuable lesson, one that a spanking or stern (严厉的) words perhaps could not teach. Their silent punishment for what I had done delivered a hundred stern messages to me. Above all, it has helped me become a more patient person and not get mad so easily. 1．What does the underlined word “remorse” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A．Regret. B．Hurt. C．Joy. D．Notice. 2．What did the author’s parents do when he damaged the screen door? A．They gave him a spanking. B．They left the screen door unrepaired. C．They scolded him for what he had done. D．They told him how expensive it was. 3．How does the experience benefit the author? A．He can hide his anger in front of others. B．He can have better control of himself. C．He will never go against his parents’ will. D．He will never make such mistakes in the future. 4．What is the main idea of this text? A．Adults should ignore their children’s bad behavior. B．Parents are the best teachers of their children. C．What is the best way to become a more patient person? D．Silent punishment may have a better effect on educating people. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文作者讲述了自己小时候自己因为不愿意听从父母的教育而乱发脾气损坏了纱门，父母没有修理纱门，任由在纱门上留下了一个裂缝，不时地有苍蝇等穿过它进入厨房，数年来，这种无声的惩罚令作者不断感到内疚，最终帮助作者成为了一个更加有自控能力的人。 1．词句猜测题。根据画线句上文“When angrily opening the screen door with my foot, I kicked back a 12-inch part of the lower left-hand corner of the new screen door.”可知，“我”在新纱门左下角的一个12英寸的地方踢了一脚。根据第二段可知，新纱门很贵。弄坏了纱门的“我”不仅没有感到自责和惭愧，反倒在后院玩得很开心。故画线词意思是“遗憾；后悔”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“They left the corner of the screen door broken, creating an opening.(他们留着纱门破了的一角，留下了一个缺口)”可知，作者的父母没有修理纱门。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Above all, it has helped me become a more patient person and not get mad so easily.(最重要的是，它帮助我成为一个更有耐心的人，不那么容易生气)”可知，这次经历让作者成了一个更有耐心、不轻易发火的人，能够更好地控制自己。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I would wonder if my family members were thinking the same thing, silently blaming me every time a flying insect entered our home. My parents taught me a valuable lesson, one that a spanking or stern (严厉的) words perhaps could not teach. Their silent punishment for what I had done delivered a hundred stern messages to me. Above all, it has helped me become a more patient person and not get mad so easily.(我想知道我的家人是否也在想同样的事情，每当一只飞虫进入我们家时，他们都会默默地责备我。父母给我上了宝贵的一课，那是打屁股或严厉的言语可能教不了的。他们对我所做的事无声的惩罚向我传达了一百条严厉的信息。最重要的是，它帮助我成为一个更有耐心的人，不那么容易生气)”以及纵观全文可知，作者讲述了自己小时候犯错误之后，父母通过无声的惩罚令作者感到内疚，从而帮助作者成为一个更有自控能力的人。因此推断，文章主要告诉我们无声的惩罚能够更好地教育人。故选D。 六、七选五 Everyone feels anxious or nervous at times. Feelings like these can surface when you face a challenge. 5 You might feel anxious when it’s your turn to speak in class. These feelings can be uncomfortable, but you can manage with the help of the following tips. ●Start with a growth mindset (思想倾向). Some people have a fixed mindset. They might think, “This is how I am. I get anxious before speaking in class. So I don’t raise my hand.” With a fixed mindset, people don’t think things can change. But people with a growth mindset know they can get better at just about everything — with effort and practice. 6 ●Notice what anxiety feels like for you. Get to know the body feelings that are part of anxiety. When you’re anxious, do you feel “butterflies”? Shaky hands? A faster heartbeat? Know that these feelings are part of the body’s normal response to a challenge. 7 Next time they happen, try to notice the feelings without getting upset. Accept them and let them be there. ● 8 When you’re anxious, it’s common to tell yourself things like, “I can’t do this.” Or “What if I mess this up?” Instead, tell yourself something that could help you face the moment with a bit of courage, “It’s OK to feel anxious. I can do this anyway.” It’s facing the anxiety that helps you manage it. This is called exposure. Learning to cope with anxiety takes time and patience. Most of all, it takes practice and willingness to face it. It starts with one small step. 9 A．Give it all of your attention. B．That includes dealing with anxiety. C．Talk yourself through anxiety and face it. D．They’re not harmful and they fade on their own. E．It can help you “reset” and be ready to move forward. F．For example, you might feel nervous before taking big exams. G．The more you practice, the better you’ll get at managing anxiety. 【答案】5．F 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．G 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。从三个方面就如何应对紧张焦虑提供一些建议。 5．上文“Feelings like these can surface when you face a challenge.(当你面临挑战时，像这样的感受会浮现) ”空格处是对面临挑战的进一步举例说明。F选项中的“before taking exams”和“face a challenge”一致。是对上文的进一步解释说明。故选F。 6．上文“But people with a growth mindset know they can get better at just about everything— with effort and practice. (但是那些有成长思维方式的人知道他们可以做好一切，只要肯努力和练习)”B选项中的that指代上文的“can get better at just about everything— with effort and practice.”这一切事情也包括应对焦虑这件事。故选B。 7．上文“Know that these feelings are part of the body’s normal response to a challenge.(知道那些感受是你的身体应对挑战的正常反应。)”和D选项中的They前后一致，they指代上文的“these feelings”这些感受是正常反应是没有害处的。故选D。 8．下文“Instead, tell yourself something that could help you face the moment with a bit of courage. It’s facing the anxiety that helps you manage it.(反而要告诉你自己勇敢些能帮你面对这一瞬间.正是面对焦虑才能帮你应对它。)”此空为小标题。根据下文可知本段在表达要面对焦虑。C选项中的face it和下文的要面对它保持一致。故选C。 9．上文“Most of all, it takes practice and willingness to face it. It starts with one small step.(最重要的是，它需要练习以及愿意面对它。)”G选项的“ The more you practice”练习的越多，越能战胜焦虑，和上文保持一致。故选G。 3 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$