Unit 1 Food for thought（重难词汇精练）英语外研版2019必修第二册

Unit 1 Food for thought重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、单句语法填空 3 题型四、单词拼写 9 题型五、完成句子 11 综合攻坚·能力跃升 12 题型一、语篇语法填空 12 题型二、应用文写作 14 题型一、词性转换 1．marriage n．婚姻→ v．结婚 2．typical adj.典型的，有代表性的→ n．类型 v．打字 3．suffer v．(身体或精神上)受苦→ n．苦难 4．horrible adj.糟糕的→ adv.可怕地，非常地 5．poison n．毒素，毒物，毒药→ adj.有毒的 6．symbol n．象征，标志→ adj.象征的；符号的 7．function n．(事物的)功能；作用→ adj.实用的；功能的 8．related adj.有关系的，相关的→ v．与……有联系，相关联→ n．亲戚→ n．关系 9．addict n．对……着迷的人→ adj.入迷的，上瘾的→ n．上瘾，沉溺 10．differ v．不同，不一样；有区别→ adj.不同的→ n．区别，差异 11．slightly adv.略微，稍微→ adj.轻微的，少量的 12．recommend v．推荐→ n．推荐信 13．attack v．侵袭，侵蚀→ n．攻击者 14．construction n．建造，建筑→ v．建造，建筑→ v．重建，再建 15．belong v．属于→ n．财产；附属物 16．satisfying adj.令人高兴的，令人满意的→ v．使满意，使满足→ adj.感到满意的→ n．满意 17．convenient adj.方便的，便利的→ adv.方便地；便利地→ n．便利 18．originally adv.原先，最初→ adj.原先的，最初的 19．salty adj.含盐的，咸的→ n．盐 20．adapt v．(使)适应，(使)适合→ n．适应；适合 【答案】 1．marriage n．婚姻→marry v．结婚 2．typical adj.典型的，有代表性的→type n．类型 v．打字 3．suffer v．(身体或精神上)受苦→suffering n．苦难 4．horrible adj.糟糕的→horribly adv.可怕地，非常地 5．poison n．毒素，毒物，毒药→poisonous adj.有毒的 6．symbol n．象征，标志→symbolic adj.象征的；符号的 7．function n．(事物的)功能；作用→functional adj.实用的；功能的 8．related adj.有关系的，相关的→relate v．与……有联系，相关联→relative n．亲戚→relation n．关系 9．addict n．对……着迷的人→addicted adj.入迷的，上瘾的→addiction n．上瘾，沉溺 10．differ v．不同，不一样；有区别→different adj.不同的→difference n．区别，差异 11．slightly adv.略微，稍微→slight adj.轻微的，少量的 12．recommend v．推荐→recommendation n．推荐信 13．attack v．侵袭，侵蚀→attacker n．攻击者 14．construction n．建造，建筑→construct v．建造，建筑→reconstruct v．重建，再建 15．belong v．属于→belongings n．财产；附属物 16．satisfying adj.令人高兴的，令人满意的→satisfy v．使满意，使满足→satisfied adj.感到满意的→satisfaction n．满意 17．convenient adj.方便的，便利的→conveniently adv.方便地；便利地→convenience n．便利 18．originally adv.原先，最初→original adj.原先的，最初的 19．salty adj.含盐的，咸的→salt n．盐 20．adapt v．(使)适应，(使)适合→adaptation n．适应；适合 题型二、核心短语 1． 由于，幸亏 2． 对……感到震惊 3． 遭受，忍受 4． 根据 5． 处理；应付 6． 偶遇，遇到 7． 爱上，喜欢上 8． 感觉自在 9． 解决，算出；实现 10． 以防万一 11． 拿起；捡起；学会；买，购买 12． 属于 13． (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于，到头来 14． 打听(不在时所发生的事情)，别后叙谈 15． 教育；养育；提出 16． 试用，试验 【答案】 1．thanks to由于，幸亏 2．be shocked at对……感到震惊 3．suffer from遭受，忍受 4．according to根据 5．deal with处理；应付 6．come across偶遇，遇到 7．fall in love with爱上，喜欢上 8．feel at home感觉自在 9．work out解决，算出；实现 10．in case以防万一 11．pick up拿起；捡起；学会；买，购买 12．belong to属于 13．end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于，到头来 14．catch up打听(不在时所发生的事情)，别后叙谈 15．bring up教育；养育；提出 16．try out试用，试验 题型三、单句语法填空 1. The new restaurant is highly (recommend). 2．The curriculum allows (adapt) the lessons to meet the diverse needs of the students. 3．The foreign minster will make an (office) visit to Paris. 4．The upcoming Mid-Autumn Festival have made flights and accommodation (incredible) expensive. 5．If (convenience), I will visit you this weekend and discuss what to do next with you. 6．The boy’s parents wee glad to see his (satisfy) result of the final exam. 7．It is reported that the two coastal cities (identify) as the most suitable in the last conference due to their strong economic activities. 8．The project also enables some cities in the Pearl River Delta (resist) floods that happen once every two centuries. 9． (origin) it was said that he came from New York, but it was not long before doubts began to surface. 10．It’s easy for you (attack) when you are in red in front of a bull. 11．The hiker started wearing insect repellent to avoid (bite) by mosquitoes in the dense forest. 12．China is a developing country that (belong) to the Third World. 13．After he graduated from the university, he was devoted to (reconstruct) his hometown. 14．How terrible! The beef is too (salt) to eat. 15． (suffer) from heart disease for years, Professor White has to take medicine with him wherever he goes. 16．I recommended (put) off the meeting because of the bad weather. 17．She decided to pick the house from the top down because it was in a mess. 18．Yet political news was often (relate) to economic and social problems. 19．I am desperate for a room belonging myself. 20．At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of (marry) like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. 21．The twin brothers are alike in appearance but (difference) greatly in personality. 22．Nowadays, teens become easily (addict) to mobile games, which has gotten a lot of attention. 23．It is typical of him (think) about helping others in trouble. 24．Our (chef) use only the freshest produce available. 25．A (vegetable) diet may not provide enough calories for a child's normal growth. 26．The salesgirl is very good at (handle) difficult customers,which pleases the manager very much. 27．In addition to (blog), he is taking photos and writing articles about the reef, as well as making a number of appearances on TV. 28．I couldn’t resist (tell) him the secret. 29．The famous star (swing) his arms the instant he saw his fans. 30．The doctor shares his phone number with the patients case they need medical assistance. 31．To our delight, our son’s legs were hurt. (slight) 32．The little girl (dare) to live alone when her parents are away, because she is brave. 33．His dog had been poisoned death, which made him sad. 34．The man got (poisonous) after drinking the water in the bottle. 35．Much to our , the girl died a death for saving the birds.(horror) 36．As we know, a plastic bottle can take 450 years (break) down. 【答案】 1．recommended 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：这家新餐馆被高度推荐。主语restaurant与recommend“推荐”构成被动关系，本空用过去分词，与空前的is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填recommended。 2．adapting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：课程安排允许调整课程以满足学生的多样化需求。所给词adapt为动词，含义为调整。动词allow后面跟动词作宾语时通常使用动名词形式，故需要把adapt变为其动名词形式adapting。故填adapting。 3．official 【详解】考查形容词。句意：外交部长将对巴黎进行正式访问。空处需填形容词official，作定语，修饰名词visit。故填official。 4．incredibly 【详解】考查副词。句意：即将到来的中秋节使得机票和住宿变得异常昂贵。由副词修饰形容词可知，此处为副词incredibly作状语修饰形容词expensive，满足句意要求。故填incredibly。 5．convenient 【详解】句意：如果方便的话，这周末我将去拜访你并和你讨论一下下一步做什么。在此句中If convenient是If it is convenient (to/ for you)的省略。故答案为convenient。 6．satisfactory/satisfying 【详解】考查形容词。句意：那个男孩的发明者很高兴看见孩子期末考试令人满意的结果。形容词satisfactory/satisfying意为“令人满意的”，在句中做定语修饰名词result。所以要填satisfactory/satisfying。 7．were identified 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：据悉，这两个沿海城市因其强劲的经济活动，在上次会议上被确定为最合适的城市。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合语境可知过去发生的事情为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为cities，谓语用复数。故填were identified。 8．to resist 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：该项目还使珠江三角洲的一些城市能够抵御每两个世纪发生一次的洪水。此处为非谓语动词作宾补，根据enable sb. to do sth.意为“让某人做某事”可知，空处应为动词不定式作宾补。故填to resist。 9．Originally 【详解】考查副词。句意：起初人们都说他来自纽约，但没过多久，质疑声就开始出现了。空处应用副词Originally“起初”在句中作状语，位于句首字母大写。故填Originally。 10．to be attacked 【详解】考查动词不定式的被动语态。句意：当你穿着红色衣服站在公牛面前时，你很容易受到攻击。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型It’s adj +for sb+to do sth“做某事对于某人来说是怎样的”，所以此处为动词不定式形式，结合you和attack为被动关系，所以为动词不定式的被动语态结构作真正的主语。故填to be attacked。 11．being bitten 【详解】考查动名词和被动语态。句意：徒步旅行者开始佩戴驱虫剂，以避免在茂密的森林中被蚊子叮咬。avoid doing是固定短语，意为“避免做某事”，徒步旅行者是避免被咬，因此空格处用动名词的被动语态being bitten，故填being bitten。 12．belongs 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：中国是一个属于第三世界的发展中国家。分析句子成分可知，这是一个由that引导的限制性定语从句，country是先行词，that在定语从句中充当主语成分，空格处需填谓语动词；结合定语从句的主谓一致原则，即谓语动词与先行词保持人称和数的一致，再结合主句时态为一般现在时，所以此空应填一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填belongs。 13．reconstructing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大学毕业后，他致力于重建家乡。此处是固定搭配：be devoted to doing sth.意为“致力于做某事”。故填reconstructing。 14．salty 【详解】考查形容词。句意：真可恶！这牛肉太咸了，不能吃。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，作表语；salty为形容词，意为“咸的”，符合句意。故填salty。 15．Having suffered 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于患有心脏病多年，怀特教授无论走到哪里都得随身带着药。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词has to take，所以suffer用非谓语动词，和逻辑主语Professor White之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，根据时间状语for years可知用现在完成时，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Having suffered。 16．putting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于天气不好，我建议推迟会议。句中recommend doing为固定短语，意为“建议做某事”，使用动名词作宾语。故填putting。 17．up 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：她决定把房子彻底收拾一下，因为里面乱糟糟的。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语pick up“收拾”，满足句意要求。故填up。 18．related 【详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，政治新闻往往与经济和社会问题有关。设空处接在be动词之后，应用形容词作标语，be related to，意为“和……有关”，符合句意，故填related。 19．to 【详解】考查介词。句意：我非常想要一个属于我自己的房间。句中belong to为固定短语，意为“属于”。故填to。 20．marriage 【详解】考查名词。句意： 18岁时，她没有像大多数女孩那样走传统的婚姻道路，而是选择了学习医学。介词of后需接名词作宾语，marry对应的名词为marriage。故填marriage。 21．differ 【详解】考查动词。句意：这对双胞胎兄弟外貌相似，但性格大不相同。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。difference为名词，意为“不同”，其动词形式为differ，主语是The twin，谓语动词用原形即可。故填differ。 22．addicted 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：现在，青少年很容易沉迷于手机游戏，这已经引起了很多关注。根据谓语动词“become”可知，空处应为非谓语动词；固定短语be/become/get addicted to...意为：沉迷于……，对……上瘾，符合句意，故应用过去分词形式，作表语。故填addicted。 23．to think 【详解】考查非谓语动词。想到帮助有困难的人，这是他的典型。本句有谓语is typical，故使用非谓语动词形式，it is typical of sb. to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是某人的典型”，即It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth.句型，it为形式主语，因此填不定式，作真正的主语。故填to think。 24．chefs 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的厨师只使用最新鲜的农产品。分析句子可知，chef作主语，由谓语动词use可知，句子是一般现在时，谓语是复数，主语用复数，故填chefs。 25．vegetarian 【详解】考查形容词。句意：素食可能不能为孩子的正常生长提供足够的热量。由空后diet为名词可知，此处为形容词vegetarian“素食的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填vegetarian。 26．handling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那位女售货员很善于应付难缠的顾客，这使经理很高兴。at为介词，后面需加动名词handling作宾语。故填handling。 27．blogging 【详解】考查动名词作宾语。句意：除了写博客，他还拍摄有关珊瑚礁的照片和文章，并在电视上露面。in addition to“除了……之外”，to为介词，所以其后要跟动名词，故填blogging。 28．telling 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我忍不住告诉了他这个秘密。分析句意可知，动词resist“忍耐”后常接动名词作宾语，故tell“告诉”使用动名词形式。故填telling。 29．swung 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这位著名的明星一看到他的粉丝就挥动双臂。分析句意再根据下文的saw可知，本句的时态应该用一般过去时，所以空格处应该用动词的过去式形式。故填swung。 30．in 【详解】考查介词。句意：医生把他的电话号码告诉病人，以防他们需要医疗帮助。in case以防万一，以防。根据句意，故填in。 31．slightly 【详解】考查副词。句意：令我们高兴的是，儿子的腿只是受了点轻伤。结合句意空处修饰动词hurt，应用副词形式，作状语。故填slightly。 32．dares 【详解】考查时态。句意：当父母不在的时候，这个小女孩敢独自生活，因为她很勇敢。根据空后to live可知，dare在句中为实义动词作谓语，根据句中are和is可知，句子使用一般现在时，主语the little girl是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填dares。 33．to 【详解】考查介词。句意：他的狗被毒死了，这使他很伤心。固定搭配be poisoned to death意为“被毒死”，to是介词。故填to。 34．poisoned 【详解】考查动词语态。句意： 那人喝了瓶子里的水后中毒了。根据句意可知，那个人喝完瓶子中的水中毒了，get done表示谈论某人或某事的客观遭遇，往往表示一种突然的、未曾预料到的偶发事件或事故。poisonous为形容词“有毒的”，其动词为poison。故填poisoned。 35．horror horrible 【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意：使我们大为惊恐的是，那个女孩因为救了那些鸟而令人震惊的死去。分析句子可知，形容词物主代词修饰名词，much to one’s horror“令某人惊恐的是”，是固定短语，horror用作不可数名词；空格②用形容词修饰名词death，horrible“令人震惊的”符合句意，故填①horror②horrible。 36．to break 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我们知道，一个塑料瓶可能需要450年才能分解。短语take some time to do sth，意为“花费一些时间做某事”，故设空处填不定式，故填to break。 题型四、单词拼写 1. Knowing that you have some difficulty (适应) yourself to the new school life, I’m writing to give you some tips. 2．English is one of the (官方的) languages used in this country. 3．I’d like to (推荐) this book to those who are interested in travelling. 4．The world has made significant inroads (取得重大进展) into (应对) infectious diseases. 5．His body shook (稍微) because he was afraid in front of his mother. 6．If we want to keep healthy, we should go on a healthy (饮食). 7．The responsibility for this project should (属于) to the entire team. 8．The new model of the smartphone (不同于) significantly from its old version in terms of both design and functionality. 9．The boy was (咬) by a snake once and he’s been afraid of them ever since. 10．It was (难以置信) amazing that they finished such a splendid building within two years. 11．So long as there’s something to (鉴定，识别), we will give people their money back. 12．I do not really like this chicken dish because it’s too (咸的). 13．My knee hurt badly. The team (聚集) around, looking worried. 14．It is good (礼貌) to offer your seat to the elderly, pregnant women, or people with disabilities. 15．Here are some (小贴士) on how to learn English well. 【答案】 1．adjusting/adapting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：知道你在适应新的学校生活方面有一些困难，我正在写信给你一些建议。“适应”用动词adjust或adapt表示；根据空格前的have some difficulty可知，此处考查固定句型have (some) difficulty (in) doing something“做某事有（一些）困难”，所以，空格处应该用动名词形式作宾语。故填adjusting/adapting。 2．official 【详解】考查形容词。句意：英语是这个国家使用的官方语言之一。本空用形容词official“官方的”，修饰名词languages，作前置定语。故填official。 3．recommend 【详解】考查动词。句意：我想把这本书推荐给那些对旅游感兴趣的人。空前的to是不定式的标志，所以空处应填动词原形，根据所给中文提示词，应是recommend意为“推荐”。故填recommend。 4．tackling/handling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：世界在应对传染病方面取得了重大进展。根据汉语提示“应对”可知，空格处涉及单词“tackle”或“handle”，意为“应对”，动词词性，介词“into”后接动名词“tackling”或“handling”作宾语。故填tackling/handling。 5．slightly 【详解】考查副词。句意：他的身体微微颤抖，因为他害怕在母亲面前。根据汉语提示“稍微”可知，此处为副词slightly，作状语，修饰动词shook。故填slightly。 6．diet 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果我们想保持健康，我们应该保持健康的饮食。“饮食”应用名词diet，作宾语，且空前有不定冠词a，diet应用单数形式。故填diet。 7．belong 【详解】考查动词。句意：这个项目的责任应该属于整个团队。根据汉语提示“属于”可知，空格处涉及单词“belong”，意为“属于”，动词词性，情态动词“should”后接动词原形。故填belong。 8．differs 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：新款智能手机在设计和功能上与旧版本有显著不同。句子陈述事实，用一般现在时；根据汉语提示“不同于”以及句子结构可知，应用动词differ，主语是The new model of the smartphone，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填differs。 9．bitten 【详解】考查动词。句意：这个男孩有一次被蛇咬了，从那以后他就一直很怕蛇。“咬”应用动词bite，结合“by a snake”可知，bite和主语The boy之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，用其过去分词。故填bitten。 10．incredibly/unbelievably 【详解】考查副词。句意：他们在两年内建成了这样一座宏伟的建筑，真是令人难以置信的惊人。表示“难以置信的”用副词unbelievably/incredibly，修饰形容词amazing。符合句意。故填incredibly/unbelievably。 11．identify 【详解】考查动词。句意：只要有什么东西可以识别，我们就会把钱还给人们。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词identify“鉴定，识别”，结合空前的不定式符号to可知，本空用动词原形。故填identify。 12．salty 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我不太喜欢这道鸡肉菜，因为太咸了。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据所给中文提示词，应是salty意为“咸的”。故填salty。 13．gathered 【详解】考查动词。句意：我的膝盖疼得很厉害。队员们围了过来，看起来很担心。gather around聚集，围在一起。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据汉语提示及句意，故填gathered。 14．manners 【详解】考查名词。句意：给年老的、怀孕的或者残疾人让座是有礼貌的。根据汉语提示及句意可知，空处应填名词manners，作表语，构成短语good manners，表示“有礼貌”。故填manners。 15．tips 【详解】考查名词。句意：这里有一些关于如何学好英语的小贴士。“小贴士”作主语，用可数名词tip，有some修饰，用复数形式。故填tips。 题型五、完成句子 1．法律禁止人们酒后驾车。 The law states that people after drinking alcohol. 2．外面在下雨，我们不得不待在家里。 It was raining outside; we .   3．作为高中生，我不得不更努力地学习。 I will as a senior high school student. 4．你能向我推荐一些吸引外国人的中国传统文化吗? Would you please that attract foreigners to me? 5．这款应用程序会有更实用的功能。 The upgraded app will have more practical . 【答案】 1．mustn’t drive 【详解】考查情态动词。表示“禁止”应用mustn’t；表示“驾车”应用动词drive，情态动词后跟动词原形。故填mustn’t drive。 2．had to stay at home 【详解】考查have to的用法和时态。have to do意为“不得不做某事”，再根据句中的was raining，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，所以这里应用had to。stay at home意为“待在家里”，为固定搭配。故填had to stay at home。 3．have to study harder 【详解】考查动词和副词比较级。根据句意，表示“不得不”应为have to，位于助动词will之后，所以此处使用动词原形，表示“更努力地学习”为study harder，其中harder为副词比较级修饰动词study，位于have to之后，所以study为动词原形。故填have to study harder。 4．recommend some traditional Chinese cultures 【详解】考查动词、形容词和名词。根据句意“推荐一些中国传统文化”可知，句中涉及固定短语“recommend sth. to sb.”，意为“向某人推荐某物”，“some traditional Chinese cultures”表示“一些中国传统文化”，“Would you please do sth.”意为“你能做某事吗”，故空格处应用“recommend some traditional Chinese cultures”。故填recommend some traditional Chinese cultures。 5．functions 【详解】考查名词。“功能”function，为可数名词，由空前的more可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，作have的宾语。故填functions。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （2024-2025学年高二下学期浙江省温州市）Naipizi yogurt, or milk-skin yogurt, has emerged as Beijing’s 1 (late) internet-famous special cuisine. Combining traditional Mongolian dairy craftsmanship with modern dessert appeal, the smooth yogurt with its rich taste and unique flavor 2 (strike) a sweet spot among China’s youth recently. Naipizi is a regional cuisine from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It 3 (make) by boiling fresh milk and allowing it to cool. During the production process, exploded milk fat drops absorb milk proteins, 4 reduces surface tension and enables the formation of a stable skin layer. As a result, traditional milk skin contains an exceptionally high fat, reaching up to 5 (approximate)60 percent. To some extent, naipizi yogurt can be considered a modern 6 (revive) of traditional Beijing yogurt. 7 a new type of yogurt, naipizi does not undergo any stirring during fermentation (发酵), 8 (result) in a thick, spoon-friendly mixture reminding us of custard (蛋奶糕). China’s Dietary Guidelines recommend 300-500g of dairy intake daily for adults, 9 current national consumption averages less than one-tenth of this suggested target. Therefore naipizi yogurt has emerged as 10 effective solution to people’s dairy shortage. While not low calorie, naipizi presents a nutritional alternative to tasty desserts like sugar-laden cheesecakes. 【答案】 1．latest 2．has struck/ has stricken 3．is made 4．which 5．approximately 6．revival 7．As 8．resulting 9．but/yet 10．an 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了奶皮子酸奶成为北京最新网红特色美食。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：奶皮子酸奶，或称奶皮酸奶，已成为北京最新的网红特色美食。 表示“最新的”用“latest”作定语。故填latest。 2．考查时态。句意：这种口感丝滑、味道浓郁且风味独特的酸奶，将传统蒙古族奶制品工艺与现代甜品魅力相结合，最近在中国年轻人中颇受欢迎。根据“recently” 可知，这里强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“the smooth yogurt”是单数，助动词用has，“strike”的过去分词有“struck”和“stricken”两种形式。故填has struck/stricken。 3．考查时态和语态。句意：它是通过将新鲜牛奶煮沸并冷却制成的。“It”指代“Naipizi”，与 “make”之间是被动关系，且描述一般制作过程，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为 “am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语“It”是单数，be动词用is，“make”的过去分词是 “made”。故填is made。 4．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：在制作过程中，膨胀的牛奶脂肪滴吸收牛奶蛋白质，这降低了表面张力，使得能够形成一层稳定的奶皮。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子 “exploded milk fat drops absorb milk proteins”，关系词在从句中作主语，用which 引导。故填 which。 5．考查词性转换（形容词变副词）。句意：因此，传统奶皮含有极高的脂肪，大约可达 60%。这里修饰动词“reaching”，用副词，“approximate”的副词形式是“approximately”，意为 “大约”。故填approximately。 6．考查名词。句意：在某种程度上，奶皮子酸奶可以被视为传统北京酸奶的现代复兴。“a modern”后接名词作宾语，“revive”的名词形式是“revival”，意为“复兴”。故填revival。 7．考查介词。句意：作为一种新型酸奶，奶皮子酸奶在发酵过程中不经过任何搅拌，从而形成一种浓稠、方便用勺子舀取的混合物，让人联想到蛋奶糕。“As”表示“作为”，符合语境。首字母大写。故填As。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一种新型酸奶，奶皮子酸奶在发酵过程中不经过任何搅拌，从而形成一种浓稠、方便用勺子舀取的混合物，让人联想到蛋奶糕。上文与“result”之间是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填resulting。 9．考查连词。句意：中国膳食指南建议成年人每天摄入 300 - 500 克乳制品，但目前全国平均摄入量不到这个建议目标的十分之一。前后句是转折关系，用“but”或“yet” 连接，意为“但是”。故填 but/yet。 10．考查不定冠词。句意：因此，奶皮子酸奶成为了解决人们乳制品短缺的一个有效办法。表示 “一个有效的解决办法”，“effective” 发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。 题型二、应用文写作 （2024-2025高二下学期山东省临沂市）假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Paul所在的学校正在举办“World Cuisine and Cultural Exchange”英语主题活动，邀请你向国际学生推荐一道具有中国文化特色的传统食品——豆腐（起源于汉朝，发展于唐宋）。请你写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 豆腐的历史渊源及发展； 2. 结合现代生活说明其文化意义； 3. 诚挚邀请来华品尝。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按以下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Paul, Thank you for your email. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Let’s explore this cultural treasure together someday! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Paul, Thank you for your email. Tofu originated in the Han Dynasty (206 BC — 220 AD), evolving from soybean processing techniques. By the Tang and Song Dynasties, it had become a staple across China. As a symbol of harmony between humans and nature, tofu represents Chinese wisdom in balancing nutrition and taste. Its mild flavor allows diverse cooking styles, making it loved worldwide. You’re warmly invited to taste authentic tofu dishes here — steamed, fried, or in soups! Traditional tea houses even serve it with herbal desserts. Let’s explore this cultural treasure together someday! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给英国笔友 Paul 写邮件，推荐具有中国文化特色的传统食品豆腐，需涵盖历史渊源、文化意义及邀请 【详解】1. 词汇积累 象征：symbol→emblem 象征：represent→symbolize 各种的：diverse→various 品尝：taste→savor 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Its mild flavor allows diverse cooking styles, making it loved worldwide. 拓展句：Its mild flavor allows diverse cooking styles, which makes it loved worldwide. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Tofu originated in the Han Dynasty (206 BC — 220 AD), evolving from soybean processing techniques. (运用了现在分词短语作状语) [高分句型2] As a symbol of harmony between humans and nature, tofu represents Chinese wisdom in balancing nutrition and taste. (运用了动名词短语作宾语) 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Food for thought重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、单句语法填空 2 题型四、单词拼写 4 题型五、完成句子 4 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一、语篇语法填空 5 题型二、应用文写作 5 题型一、词性转换 1．marriage n．婚姻→ v．结婚 2．typical adj.典型的，有代表性的→ n．类型 v．打字 3．suffer v．(身体或精神上)受苦→ n．苦难 4．horrible adj.糟糕的→ adv.可怕地，非常地 5．poison n．毒素，毒物，毒药→ adj.有毒的 6．symbol n．象征，标志→ adj.象征的；符号的 7．function n．(事物的)功能；作用→ adj.实用的；功能的 8．related adj.有关系的，相关的→ v．与……有联系，相关联→ n．亲戚→ n．关系 9．addict n．对……着迷的人→ adj.入迷的，上瘾的→ n．上瘾，沉溺 10．differ v．不同，不一样；有区别→ adj.不同的→ n．区别，差异 11．slightly adv.略微，稍微→ adj.轻微的，少量的 12．recommend v．推荐→ n．推荐信 13．attack v．侵袭，侵蚀→ n．攻击者 14．construction n．建造，建筑→ v．建造，建筑→ v．重建，再建 15．belong v．属于→ n．财产；附属物 16．satisfying adj.令人高兴的，令人满意的→ v．使满意，使满足→ adj.感到满意的→ n．满意 17．convenient adj.方便的，便利的→ adv.方便地；便利地→ n．便利 18．originally adv.原先，最初→ adj.原先的，最初的 19．salty adj.含盐的，咸的→ n．盐 20．adapt v．(使)适应，(使)适合→ n．适应；适合 题型二、核心短语 1． 由于，幸亏 2． 对……感到震惊 3． 遭受，忍受 4． 根据 5． 处理；应付 6． 偶遇，遇到 7． 爱上，喜欢上 8． 感觉自在 9． 解决，算出；实现 10． 以防万一 11． 拿起；捡起；学会；买，购买 12． 属于 13． (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于，到头来 14． 打听(不在时所发生的事情)，别后叙谈 15． 教育；养育；提出 16． 试用，试验 题型三、单句语法填空 1. The new restaurant is highly (recommend). 2．The curriculum allows (adapt) the lessons to meet the diverse needs of the students. 3．The foreign minster will make an (office) visit to Paris. 4．The upcoming Mid-Autumn Festival have made flights and accommodation (incredible) expensive. 5．If (convenience), I will visit you this weekend and discuss what to do next with you. 6．The boy’s parents wee glad to see his (satisfy) result of the final exam. 7．It is reported that the two coastal cities (identify) as the most suitable in the last conference due to their strong economic activities. 8．The project also enables some cities in the Pearl River Delta (resist) floods that happen once every two centuries. 9． (origin) it was said that he came from New York, but it was not long before doubts began to surface. 10．It’s easy for you (attack) when you are in red in front of a bull. 11．The hiker started wearing insect repellent to avoid (bite) by mosquitoes in the dense forest. 12．China is a developing country that (belong) to the Third World. 13．After he graduated from the university, he was devoted to (reconstruct) his hometown. 14．How terrible! The beef is too (salt) to eat. 15． (suffer) from heart disease for years, Professor White has to take medicine with him wherever he goes. 16．I recommended (put) off the meeting because of the bad weather. 17．She decided to pick the house from the top down because it was in a mess. 18．Yet political news was often (relate) to economic and social problems. 19．I am desperate for a room belonging myself. 20．At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of (marry) like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. 21．The twin brothers are alike in appearance but (difference) greatly in personality. 22．Nowadays, teens become easily (addict) to mobile games, which has gotten a lot of attention. 23．It is typical of him (think) about helping others in trouble. 24．Our (chef) use only the freshest produce available. 25．A (vegetable) diet may not provide enough calories for a child's normal growth. 26．The salesgirl is very good at (handle) difficult customers,which pleases the manager very much. 27．In addition to (blog), he is taking photos and writing articles about the reef, as well as making a number of appearances on TV. 28．I couldn’t resist (tell) him the secret. 29．The famous star (swing) his arms the instant he saw his fans. 30．The doctor shares his phone number with the patients case they need medical assistance. 31．To our delight, our son’s legs were hurt. (slight) 32．The little girl (dare) to live alone when her parents are away, because she is brave. 33．His dog had been poisoned death, which made him sad. 34．The man got (poisonous) after drinking the water in the bottle. 35．Much to our , the girl died a death for saving the birds.(horror) 36．As we know, a plastic bottle can take 450 years (break) down. 题型四、单词拼写 1. Knowing that you have some difficulty (适应) yourself to the new school life, I’m writing to give you some tips. 2．English is one of the (官方的) languages used in this country. 3．I’d like to (推荐) this book to those who are interested in travelling. 4．The world has made significant inroads (取得重大进展) into (应对) infectious diseases. 5．His body shook (稍微) because he was afraid in front of his mother. 6．If we want to keep healthy, we should go on a healthy (饮食). 7．The responsibility for this project should (属于) to the entire team. 8．The new model of the smartphone (不同于) significantly from its old version in terms of both design and functionality. 9．The boy was (咬) by a snake once and he’s been afraid of them ever since. 10．It was (难以置信) amazing that they finished such a splendid building within two years. 11．So long as there’s something to (鉴定，识别), we will give people their money back. 12．I do not really like this chicken dish because it’s too (咸的). 13．My knee hurt badly. The team (聚集) around, looking worried. 14．It is good (礼貌) to offer your seat to the elderly, pregnant women, or people with disabilities. 15．Here are some (小贴士) on how to learn English well. 题型五、完成句子 1．法律禁止人们酒后驾车。 The law states that people after drinking alcohol. 2．外面在下雨，我们不得不待在家里。 It was raining outside; we .   3．作为高中生，我不得不更努力地学习。 I will as a senior high school student. 4．你能向我推荐一些吸引外国人的中国传统文化吗? Would you please that attract foreigners to me? 5．这款应用程序会有更实用的功能。 The upgraded app will have more practical . 题型一、语篇语法填空 （2024-2025学年高二下学期浙江省温州市）Naipizi yogurt, or milk-skin yogurt, has emerged as Beijing’s 1 (late) internet-famous special cuisine. Combining traditional Mongolian dairy craftsmanship with modern dessert appeal, the smooth yogurt with its rich taste and unique flavor 2 (strike) a sweet spot among China’s youth recently. Naipizi is a regional cuisine from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It 3 (make) by boiling fresh milk and allowing it to cool. During the production process, exploded milk fat drops absorb milk proteins, 4 reduces surface tension and enables the formation of a stable skin layer. As a result, traditional milk skin contains an exceptionally high fat, reaching up to 5 (approximate)60 percent. To some extent, naipizi yogurt can be considered a modern 6 (revive) of traditional Beijing yogurt. 7 a new type of yogurt, naipizi does not undergo any stirring during fermentation (发酵), 8 (result) in a thick, spoon-friendly mixture reminding us of custard (蛋奶糕). China’s Dietary Guidelines recommend 300-500g of dairy intake daily for adults, 9 current national consumption averages less than one-tenth of this suggested target. Therefore naipizi yogurt has emerged as 10 effective solution to people’s dairy shortage. While not low calorie, naipizi presents a nutritional alternative to tasty desserts like sugar-laden cheesecakes. 题型二、应用文写作 （2024-2025高二下学期山东省临沂市）假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Paul所在的学校正在举办“World Cuisine and Cultural Exchange”英语主题活动，邀请你向国际学生推荐一道具有中国文化特色的传统食品——豆腐（起源于汉朝，发展于唐宋）。请你写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 豆腐的历史渊源及发展； 2. 结合现代生活说明其文化意义； 3. 诚挚邀请来华品尝。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按以下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Paul, Thank you for your email. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Let’s explore this cultural treasure together someday! Yours, Li Hua 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$