新课3 必修第一册 Unit 2 Places（词汇+课文）（沪教版2020）- 2025年初升高英语无忧衔接（上海专用）

沪教版必修一Unit 2 Places（单词+课文） 目录 重点速记：单元词汇、词块词组梳理 课文聚焦：课文预习、重难句式讲解 学以致用：巩固提升，点面夯实突破 重点速记 一、单元词汇概览： 单词 词性 释义 短语搭配 destination n. 目的地 final destination million num. 一百万 millions of amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的 an amazing experience historic adj. 历史上重要的 historic site site n. 地点 construction site former adj. 以前的 former president poetry n. 诗歌；诗作 write poetry basis n. 基础；要素 on the basis of court n. 宫殿 royal court originally adv. 原先；起初 originally from defence n. 防御 national defence nowadays adv. 当前；目前 nowadays trend view n. 景色，风景 scenic view memory n. 回忆；记忆 memory of contribute v. 捐献 contribute to scientific adj. 科学（上）的 scientific research admire v. 钦佩 admire sb for sth statue n. 雕塑，雕像 statue of liberty fancy adj. 昂贵的；奢华的 fancy restaurant feature n. 特色；特征；特点 key feature position n. 地位 in a position to opportunity n. 机会；时机 opportunity for transport n. 交通运输系统 public transport disappoint v. 使失望 disappoint sb structure n. 结构；构造 building structure sculpture n. 雕像；雕塑品 modern sculpture weapon n. 武器；兵器 nuclear weapon crowded adj. 人多的；拥挤的 crowded place indicate v. 表明；显示 indicate that afterwards adv. 以后；后来 see you afterwards downtown adv. 在市中心，往市中心 go downtown moment n. 某一时刻 at the moment envelope n. 信封 open an envelope cafe n. 咖啡馆，小餐馆 local cafe vote v. 投票 vote for chat v. 闲聊；聊天 chat with nowhere adv. 无处；哪里都不 nowhere to go embarrassed adj. 窘迫的，尴尬的 feel embarrassed shocked adj. 震惊的 be shocked at opinion n. 意见；想法；看法 in one's opinion blog n. 博客 start a blog settle v. 定居 settle down adventure n. 冒险；冒险的经历 go on an adventure energetic adj. 精力充沛的 energetic performance origin n. 起源；源头 place of origin desert n. 沙漠 in the desert entrance n. 入口 main entrance battle n. 战役；战斗 battle against 二、重点词汇词形转化： 1. destination n. 目的地→destine v. 预定；使注定→destined adj. 注定的 2. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的→amaze v. 使惊讶→amazed adj. 感到惊讶的→amazement n. 惊讶 3. historic adj. 历史上重要的→historical adj. 历史的；与历史有关的→history n. 历史 4. site n. 地点→situate v. 位于；处于→situated adj. 位于……的 5. defence n. 防御→defensive adj. 防御的；守势的→defensively adv. 防御性地 6. view n. 景色，风景→viewer n. 观众；旁观者→viewpoint n. 观点；见解 7. contribute v. 捐献→contribution n. 贡献；捐款→contributor n. 贡献者；投稿者 8. scientific adj. 科学（上）的→science n. 科学→scientist n. 科学家 9. statue n. 雕塑，雕像→statue-like adj. 像雕像的→statuelike adj. 如雕像的 10. feature n. 特色；特征；特点→featureless adj. 无特征的→featured adj. 有……为特征的 三、重点短语： 1. belong to 属于某人；归某人所有 2. in case 以防；以防万一 3. in the distance 在远方 4. a variety of 各种各样的 5. prime minister 首相；总理 属于 belong to 历史遗址 historic sites 必看景点 must-see places / must-sees 起源于 originate from/in… 以…命名 be named after… 自然资源 natural resources 基于事实 be based on facts 归属感 a sense of belonging 为了保卫 in defence/defense of 有规律地(basis) on a regular basis 仍未解决(remain) remain unsolved 因人而异(vary) vary from person to person 主动做(initiative) take the initiative in doing / to do 有待讨论(remain) remain to be discussed 以防/万一下雨 in case it rains / in case of rain 导致他的失败(contribute) contribute to his failure 开始他著名的旅行(set) set out/off on his famous travels 被它独特的文化吸引(draw) be drawn to its unique culture 出于种种原因(variety) for a (wide/great) variety of reasons = for various reasons 句型：毫无疑问 There is no doubt that… 句型：下次去旅行时 Next time you travel,… 句型：当我第一次遇见他时 The first time I met him / When I met him for the first time, … 句型：…还有待观察。(It) It remains to be seen + 从句… 四、核心单词精讲： 1. historic adj.历史上重要的 We should take more care of our historic buildings. 我们应该更加爱护有历史意义的建筑。 【近义词辨析】 historical： 指历史上的或历史的，侧重在历史上出现过或与历史有关的；已经发生。 historic： 指历史上有名的，具有历史意义的或者可成为史料的；可以正在发生或将要发生。 2. poetry n. 诗歌；富有诗意的东西 I had little acquaintance with modern poetry. 我对现代诗所知甚少。 She gave a reading from her latest volume of poetry. 她朗诵了她最近出版的诗集里的一首诗。 【近义词辨析】 poetry 指诗的总称。 poem 通常指一首诗或诗体文。 a book of love poems. 一本爱情诗集。 poetry of the Tang Dynasty 唐诗（总称） a poem of the Tang Dynasty 一首唐诗 3. originally adv.原先；起初 The plane has been kept in service far longer than originally intended. 这架飞机的服役时间已经远远超过了起初的预料。 【同根词拓展】 original adj. 起初的 ；新颖的，原创的，创新的 The original plan was to go by bus. 起初的计划是乘公交车去 It is one of the most original works of imagination in the language. 这是用这种语言创作的最具想像力的原创作品之一。 n. 原作品；原件 When you have filled in the questionnaire, copy it and send the original to your employer. 填好问卷调查表之后，复印并将原件交给你的雇主。 origin n. 起源; 起因 We have learnt many theories about the origin of life. 我们学习了很多有关生命起源的理论。 【词语辨析】 creative, original, imaginative 这组词都有“有创造力的”的意思，其区别是： 1）creative 侧重指具有把本来不存在的事物创造出来的能力。 2）original 强调具有与众不同，有独到之处的创造能力。 3）imaginative 指想象大异于现实，近乎或等于虚构。强调富有幻想能力。 4. contribute vt. 贡献，出力；投稿；捐献 vi. 贡献，出力；投稿；捐献 The three sons also contribute to the family business. 3个儿子也为家族企业做贡献。 I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world. 我相信我们每一个人都能为世界的未来做出贡献。 Local businesses have agreed to contribute. 当地的公司已经同意捐助了。 【拓展】 1) contributor n. 捐助者 Candidates for Congress received 53 percent of their funds from individual contributors. 国会候选人接受的捐款中有53%来自个人捐助者。 2) contribute做动词也有另外一个义项，“是 (造成某情况) 的一个原因、导致”的意思。 The report says design faults in both the vessels contributed to the tragedy. 报道称两艘船在设计上的缺陷是造成悲剧的原因。 5. admire v . 钦佩，欣赏 I admired her when I first met her and I still think she's marvellous. 我第一次见到她时就钦佩她，而且我现在依然认为她很了不起。 He admired the way she had coped with life. 他钦佩她应对生活的方式。 We took time to stop and admire the view. 我们特意停下来欣赏风景。 【同义词组辨析】 honour, esteem, regard, admire, respect 这组词都有“尊重、钦佩”的意思，其区别是： 1）honour 侧重指对某人或某物表示极大的敬意。 2）esteem 除表示尊敬之外，还暗示由此而产生的称赞。例如：self-esteem 自尊 3）regard 最正式用词，中性，含义不很明确，一般需用修饰语加强或明确其意。 4）admire 侧重指对某人或某物的仰慕、钦佩，并含欣赏爱慕之情。 5）respect 指对人的行为、品德、才华或成就等的仰慕尊重。尤指对年长或地位高的人的尊敬。 6. feature （重点词汇，义项较多） n. 特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目 vi. 起重要作用 vt. 特写；以…为特色；由…主演 1）n. 特点 Patriotic songs have long been a feature of Kuwaiti life. 爱国歌曲长期以来一直是科威特人生活的一个特点。 The spacious gardens are a special feature of this property. 宽敞的花园是这处房产的一大特色。 2）n. (报纸、杂志的) 特写; (广播、电视的) 特别节目 We are delighted to see the Sunday Times running a long feature on breast cancer. 我们高兴地看到《星期日泰晤士报》刊登了关于乳腺癌的一篇长长的特写。 3) n. 正片; 故事片 ...the first feature-length cartoon, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. …第一部故事片长度的卡通片《白雪公主和七个小矮人》。 4) n. (地理) 特征 ...one of the area's oddest geographical features - an eight-mile bank of pebbles shelving abruptly into the sea. …这个地区最奇怪的地理特征之一，一条8英里长的鹅卵石堤岸陡然倾斜伸到海里。 5) n. 容貌 His features seemed to change. 他的容貌似乎变了。 6) vt (电影等) 由…主演; (展览会等) 以…为重点 It's a great film and it features a Spanish actor who is going to be a world star within a year. 那是一部精彩的电影，它由一位西班牙演员主演，他一年之内就会成为国际明星。 The hour-long programme will be updated each week and feature highlights from recent games. 这个一小时的节目将每周更新，重点介绍近期比赛的精彩部分。 7) vi 担任主演; 是 (展览、杂志等) 的重要内容 Jon featured in one of the show's most thrilling episodes. 乔恩主演了该剧中最惊悚的几集之一。 7. transport vt. 运送; n. 交通运输系统 They are banned from launching any flights except to transport people. 他们被禁止飞行任何航班，运送人除外。 The missiles emerge from the underbelly of the transport plane. 导弹从运输机的腹部发出。 【拓展】 trans-做前缀时，表示从一点到另一点的移动，例如： transplant vt 移植 translate vt 翻译 transfer vt 转让，移交 transit vt 运送 transform vt 改变，转换，使…变形 8. indicate vt. 表明; 暗示; 象征; 代表; (仪器等) 指示 A survey of retired people has indicated that most are independent and enjoying life. 一项对退休人员的调查表明，他们中的大部分人生活自立而愉快。 Our vote today indicates a change in United States policy. 我们今天的投票表明了美国政策的变化。 Mr. Rivers has indicated that he may resign. 里弗斯先生已经暗示他可能要辞职。 Dreams can help indicate your true feelings. 梦能代表你的真实情感。 ...an instrument used to indicate wind direction. …一台用于指示风向的仪器。 indicator n. 指示器；显示器 9. embarrassed adj 尴尬的 He looked a bit embarrassed. 他看上去有点尴尬。 embarrass vt 使…尴尬，难堪 His clumsiness embarrassed him. 他的笨拙令他尴尬。 10. settle （重点词汇） 1） vt. 解决 (纠纷、问题等) They agreed to try to settle their dispute by negotiation. 他们同意尽量通过谈判解决他们之间的纠纷。 2) vt. 定居于; 使定居; 定居 Refugees settling in a new country suffer from a number of problems. 在一个新国家定居的难民们面临许多问题。 He visited Paris and eventually settled there. 他访问了巴黎并最终在那儿定居了。 3) vt. 安顿; 安坐 Albert settled himself on the sofa. 阿尔伯特在沙发安坐下来。 4） vt. 使沉降; 沉降 A black dust settled on the walls. 一团黑色粉尘落到了这些墙上。 11. origin 见originally 拓展 12. entrance n. 入口 Beside the entrance to the church, turn right. 在教堂入口边向右转。 【固定搭配】 entrance to sp. the entrance to the supermarket 超市入口 【拓展】 exit n. 出口 课文聚焦 一、原文呈现： Where history comes alive Xi’an, China Xi’an is no doubt one of the most popular tourist destinations in China. Every year, millions of travelers visit the Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shihuang about 42 kilometres from the city centre, which is one of the most amazing historic sites in the world. 参考译文： 西安无疑是中国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。每年，数以百万计的游客参观距离市中心42公里处的秦始皇兵马俑，它是世界上最令人惊叹的历史遗迹之一。 As one of China’s great former capitals, Xi’an grew to be the largest city in the world during the Tang Dynasty, a golden age of art and poetry. Chang’an, as it was known at the time, was the starting point of the Silk Road, which connected China to the world. It was here that Xuan Zang set out on his famous travels, which became the basis of Journey to the West. Historic sites from that time include the two Wide Goose Pagodas and the remains of the Daming Palace, which was the centre of the Tang court. 参考译文： 作为中国伟大的前首都之一，西安在唐朝发展成为世界上最大的城市，唐朝是艺术和诗歌的黄金时代。当时的长安是连接中国与世界的丝绸之路的起点。正是在这里，玄奘开始了他著名的旅行，这也成为了《西游记》的基础。从那时起，包括两个宽鹅塔和大明宫遗址的历史遗迹，便是唐代宫廷的中心。 Today, Xi’an is a modern city, at the heart of China’s Belt and Road initiative, but its long history can be seen everywhere: it is one of the few cities in the world that still have city walls. The wall, almost 14 kilometres in length, was originally built for the purpose of defence, but nowadays, it’s a great way to experience Xi’an: from here,you can get an amazing view of the city. 参考译文： 今天，西安是一座现代城市，处于中国“一带一路”倡议的中心，但它的悠久历史随处可见:它是世界上少数几个仍保留着城墙的城市之一。城墙长约14公里，最初是为了防御而建造的，但现在，它是体验西安的一个好方法:从这里，你可以看到这个城市令人叹为观止的景色。 Florence, Italy Florence, one of the famous historic cities in Italy, is the birthplace of many amazing ideas and discoveries! Florence’s history is alive with the memory of a time when art, culture and science were being “reborn”. In the late 13th century, the Renaissance began here before spreading to the rest of Europe. At that time, Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci and Galileo were some of the people living, working and studying in Florence. During this period, they, along with other great minds, contributed valuable artworks and made important scientific discoveries. 参考译文： 佛罗伦萨，意大利著名的历史名城之一，是许多惊人的想法和发现的诞生地! 佛罗伦萨的历史充满了对艺术、文化和科学“重生”时期的记忆。13世纪晚期，文艺复兴在蔓延到欧洲其他地区之前就在这里开始了。当时，米开朗基罗、达芬奇和伽利略就是在佛罗伦萨生活、工作和学习的一些人。在这一时期，他们和其他伟人一起贡献了有价值的艺术品，做出了科学上的重要发现。 Florence is filled with art, science and history museums and ancient buildings, as well as historic universities. You can visit many of these places to experience and admire the amazing work and discoveries that happened during the Renaissance period. An example is Michelangelo’s famous statue David, which he completed between 1501 and 1504. Another must-see is the University of Florence. It was started in 1321 and many famous people studied there in the Renaissance period, including Leonardo da Vinci. In Florence today you can experience the old and the new. Historic sites are neighbours with fancy restaurants and high-end shops. While you are trying the delicious local food, you can decide which interesting places to visit next. 参考译文： 佛罗伦萨到处都是艺术、科学和历史博物馆和古建筑，还有历史悠久的大学。你可以参观这些地方，体验和欣赏文艺复兴时期的惊人工作和发现。米开朗基罗著名的大卫雕像就是一个例子，这是他在1501年到1504年间完成的。另一个必去的地方是佛罗伦萨大学。它始建于1321年，文艺复兴时期许多名人都在这里学习过，包括列奥纳多·达·芬奇。 在今天的佛罗伦萨，你可以体验旧与新。历史遗迹与高档餐厅和高档商店毗邻。当你在品尝美味的当地食物时，你可以决定参观下一个哪些有趣的地方。 二、课文研习： 重难句式及解析 1.“Every year, millions of travelers visit the Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shihuang about 42 kilometres from the city centre, which is one of the most amazing historic sites in the world.” 解析：本句包含非限制性定语从句 “which is one of...historic sites”，修饰先行词 “the Terracotta Army”，补充说明其世界地位。“about 42 kilometres from the city centre” 作为后置定语，具体说明兵马俑与西安的距离，通过数据和从句结合，既交代位置又强调其历史价值。 2.“Chang’an, as it was known at the time, was the starting point of the Silk Road, which connected China to the world.” 解析：“as it was known at the time” 是插入语，解释 “长安” 的古称；“which connected China to the world” 是非限制性定语从句，修饰 “the Silk Road”，说明丝绸之路的历史作用。该句通过插入语和从句嵌套，在介绍长安地位的同时，拓展其与世界的联系。 3.“The wall, almost 14 kilometres in length, was originally built for the purpose of defence, but nowadays, it’s a great way to experience Xi’an: from here, you can get an amazing view of the city.” 解析：“almost 14 kilometres in length” 作为插入语，量化城墙长度；“but” 连接前后转折关系，前半句说明城墙的防御初衷，后半句通过冒号解释其现代功能，“from here” 引导的分句进一步补充观景体验，句式层次分明，体现历史与现代的对比。 4.“Florence’s history is alive with the memory of a time when art, culture and science were being ‘reborn’.” 解析：“when art, culture and science were being ‘reborn’” 是定语从句，修饰 “a time”，解释佛罗伦萨历史中 “重生” 的具体时代背景。“is alive with” 用拟人化表达，强调历史记忆的鲜活感，为后文文艺复兴的论述做铺垫。 5.“You can visit many of these places to experience and admire the amazing work and discoveries that happened during the Renaissance period. An example is Michelangelo’s famous statue David, which he completed between 1501 and 1504.” 解析：首句中 “that happened during the Renaissance period” 是定语从句，修饰 “work and discoveries”，说明其时代属性；次句 “which he completed...” 是非限制性定语从句，补充雕塑《大卫》的创作时间，通过 “an example is” 举例论证，使抽象概念具象化，增强说服力。 学以致用 一、单词拼写 1.He looked a bit _____________（尴尬的）. 2.He visited Paris and eventually s_____________（定居）there. 3.He __________(钦佩)the way she had coped with life. 4.We should take more care of our _____________ （历史意义的）buildings. 5.She gave a reading from her latest volume of _____________（诗歌）. 6.There is heavy traffic in the _____________（闹市区）area tonight. 7.The spacious gardens are a special f_____________（特色） of this property. 8.I believe that each of us can _____________ （贡献）to the future of the world. 9.The plane has been kept in service far longer than （原先）intended. 10.A survey of retired people has _____________（表明） that most are independent and enjoying life. 【答案】 1.embarrassed 2.settled 3.admired 4.historic 5.poetry 6. downtown 7.feature 8.contribute 9. originally 10. indicated 二、词组填空 belong to；contribute to; in case；in the distance；a variety of 1.People change their mind for ____________reasons. 2.The figures ______________ seemed to be drawing closer. 3.Extra boiling water should be kept at hand just __________  it is needed. 4.You can’t take away these magazines which ________ our school library. 5.On the social level, improvement in the quality of life can ________ social harmony greatly. 【答案】1.a variety of 2. in the distance  3. in case 4.belong to 5. contribute to 三、完成句子 structure contribute downtown embarrassed fancy deserve featured historic admire origin disappoint 1. I was really , but then I saw the funny side of it. 我确实感到尴尬，但接着我发现了事情好笑的一面。 2. Jon in one of the show's most thrilling episodes. 乔恩主演了该剧中最惊悚的几集之一。 3. What I is not what you have, but what you are. 我所羡慕的不是你所拥有的东西，而是你是什么。 4. On the social level, improvement in the quality of life can greatly to social harmony. 在社会层面，生活质量的提高非常有助于社会和谐。 5. The of the Dragon Boat Festival is to recall the soul of Qu Yuan. 龙舟节的起源是为了缅怀屈原的灵魂。 6. We are living in a great era. 我们正处在一个伟大的历史时代。 7. There is heavy traffic in the area tonight. 今夜闹市区交通繁忙。 8. The magazine was packaged in a plastic case with attractive graphics. 这本杂志装在一个带有漂亮图纹的别致塑料盒子里。 9. Her decision to cancel the concert is bound to her fans. 她决定取消这场音乐会，肯定会使她的歌迷失望。 10. Doctors study the of the human body. 医生研究人体构造。 1-5: embarrassed; featured; admire; contribute; origin 6-10: historic; downtown; fancy; disappoint; structure 四、句子翻译 1.由于种种不同的原因,大家赴宴都迟到了。(a variety of) Everyone arrived ________________________________. 2.像中国人一样，法国人喜欢花时间享受餐桌上的美味佳肴。（take time to） Just like Chinese people, Frenchmen _____________________________ at dinner. 3. 如今人们宁愿在家里与家人共进晚餐而不愿在饭店里吃饭。(prefer... rather than) Nowadays people ________________________________________ in the restaurant. 4. 那些痴迷于电脑游戏的人会整夜不眠在网上和人玩游戏。(be keen on) Those who _____________________________, playing games with others on the Net. 5. 均衡的膳食，适当的体育锻炼，对生活积极的态度有助于人们保持健康。（maintain） A well-balanced diet, proper physical exercise and positive attitudes towards life _____________. 1.Everyone arrived late at the party for a variety of reasons. 2.Just like Chinese people, Frenchmen are keen on taking time to enjoy the fine tastes at dinner. 3.Nowadays people prefer to enjoy their "dinner with family at home rather than eat in the restaurant. 4.Those who are keen on computer games will stay up all the night, playing games with others on the Net. 5.A well-balanced diet, proper physical exercise and positive attitudes towards life help people to maintain good health. 6.医生说Jack几天内就会痊愈。 _________________________________________________________________________________ 7.贝蒂说下周六她要去参观长城。 _________________________________________________________________________________ 8.这家超市的特色是24小时服务。(feature) _________________________________________________________________________________ 9.他们同意尽量通过谈判解决他们之间的纠纷。(settle) _________________________________________________________________________________ 10.这是用这种语言创作的最具想像力的原创作品之一。(original) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 6.The doctor said Jack would be all right in a few days. 7.Betty said she would visit the Great Wall next Saturday. 8.This supermarket features round-the-clock service. 9.They agreed to try to settle their dispute by negotiation. 10.It is one of the most original works of imagination in the language. 13 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 沪教版必修一Unit 2 Places（单词+课文） 目录 重点速记：单元词汇、词块词组梳理 课文聚焦：课文预习、重难句式讲解 学以致用：巩固提升，点面夯实突破 重点速记 一、单元词汇概览： 单词 词性 释义 短语搭配 destination n. 目的地 final destination million num. 一百万 millions of amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的 an amazing experience historic adj. 历史上重要的 historic site site n. 地点 construction site former adj. 以前的 former president poetry n. 诗歌；诗作 write poetry basis n. 基础；要素 on the basis of court n. 宫殿 royal court originally adv. 原先；起初 originally from defence n. 防御 national defence nowadays adv. 当前；目前 nowadays trend view n. 景色，风景 scenic view memory n. 回忆；记忆 memory of contribute v. 捐献 contribute to scientific adj. 科学（上）的 scientific research admire v. 钦佩 admire sb for sth statue n. 雕塑，雕像 statue of liberty fancy adj. 昂贵的；奢华的 fancy restaurant feature n. 特色；特征；特点 key feature position n. 地位 in a position to opportunity n. 机会；时机 opportunity for transport n. 交通运输系统 public transport disappoint v. 使失望 disappoint sb structure n. 结构；构造 building structure sculpture n. 雕像；雕塑品 modern sculpture weapon n. 武器；兵器 nuclear weapon crowded adj. 人多的；拥挤的 crowded place indicate v. 表明；显示 indicate that afterwards adv. 以后；后来 see you afterwards downtown adv. 在市中心，往市中心 go downtown moment n. 某一时刻 at the moment envelope n. 信封 open an envelope cafe n. 咖啡馆，小餐馆 local cafe vote v. 投票 vote for chat v. 闲聊；聊天 chat with nowhere adv. 无处；哪里都不 nowhere to go embarrassed adj. 窘迫的，尴尬的 feel embarrassed shocked adj. 震惊的 be shocked at opinion n. 意见；想法；看法 in one's opinion blog n. 博客 start a blog settle v. 定居 settle down adventure n. 冒险；冒险的经历 go on an adventure energetic adj. 精力充沛的 energetic performance origin n. 起源；源头 place of origin desert n. 沙漠 in the desert entrance n. 入口 main entrance battle n. 战役；战斗 battle against 二、重点词汇词形转化： 1. destination n. 目的地→destine v. 预定；使注定→destined adj. 注定的 2. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的→amaze v. 使惊讶→amazed adj. 感到惊讶的→amazement n. 惊讶 3. historic adj. 历史上重要的→historical adj. 历史的；与历史有关的→history n. 历史 4. site n. 地点→situate v. 位于；处于→situated adj. 位于……的 5. defence n. 防御→defensive adj. 防御的；守势的→defensively adv. 防御性地 6. view n. 景色，风景→viewer n. 观众；旁观者→viewpoint n. 观点；见解 7. contribute v. 捐献→contribution n. 贡献；捐款→contributor n. 贡献者；投稿者 8. scientific adj. 科学（上）的→science n. 科学→scientist n. 科学家 9. statue n. 雕塑，雕像→statue-like adj. 像雕像的→statuelike adj. 如雕像的 10. feature n. 特色；特征；特点→featureless adj. 无特征的→featured adj. 有……为特征的 三、重点短语： 1. belong to 属于某人；归某人所有 2. in case 以防；以防万一 3. in the distance 在远方 4. a variety of 各种各样的 5. prime minister 首相；总理 属于 belong to 历史遗址 historic sites 必看景点 must-see places / must-sees 起源于 originate from/in… 以…命名 be named after… 自然资源 natural resources 基于事实 be based on facts 归属感 a sense of belonging 为了保卫 in defence/defense of 有规律地(basis) on a regular basis 仍未解决(remain) remain unsolved 因人而异(vary) vary from person to person 主动做(initiative) take the initiative in doing / to do 有待讨论(remain) remain to be discussed 以防/万一下雨 in case it rains / in case of rain 导致他的失败(contribute) contribute to his failure 开始他著名的旅行(set) set out/off on his famous travels 被它独特的文化吸引(draw) be drawn to its unique culture 出于种种原因(variety) for a (wide/great) variety of reasons = for various reasons 句型：毫无疑问 There is no doubt that… 句型：下次去旅行时 Next time you travel,… 句型：当我第一次遇见他时 The first time I met him / When I met him for the first time, … 句型：…还有待观察。(It) It remains to be seen + 从句… 四、核心单词精讲： 1. historic adj.历史上重要的 We should take more care of our historic buildings. 我们应该更加爱护有历史意义的建筑。 【近义词辨析】 historical： 指历史上的或历史的，侧重在历史上出现过或与历史有关的；已经发生。 historic： 指历史上有名的，具有历史意义的或者可成为史料的；可以正在发生或将要发生。 2. poetry n. 诗歌；富有诗意的东西 I had little acquaintance with modern poetry. 我对现代诗所知甚少。 She gave a reading from her latest volume of poetry. 她朗诵了她最近出版的诗集里的一首诗。 【近义词辨析】 poetry 指诗的总称。 poem 通常指一首诗或诗体文。 a book of love poems. 一本爱情诗集。 poetry of the Tang Dynasty 唐诗（总称） a poem of the Tang Dynasty 一首唐诗 3. originally adv.原先；起初 The plane has been kept in service far longer than originally intended. 这架飞机的服役时间已经远远超过了起初的预料。 【同根词拓展】 original adj. 起初的 ；新颖的，原创的，创新的 The original plan was to go by bus. 起初的计划是乘公交车去 It is one of the most original works of imagination in the language. 这是用这种语言创作的最具想像力的原创作品之一。 n. 原作品；原件 When you have filled in the questionnaire, copy it and send the original to your employer. 填好问卷调查表之后，复印并将原件交给你的雇主。 origin n. 起源; 起因 We have learnt many theories about the origin of life. 我们学习了很多有关生命起源的理论。 【词语辨析】 creative, original, imaginative 这组词都有“有创造力的”的意思，其区别是： 1）creative 侧重指具有把本来不存在的事物创造出来的能力。 2）original 强调具有与众不同，有独到之处的创造能力。 3）imaginative 指想象大异于现实，近乎或等于虚构。强调富有幻想能力。 4. contribute vt. 贡献，出力；投稿；捐献 vi. 贡献，出力；投稿；捐献 The three sons also contribute to the family business. 3个儿子也为家族企业做贡献。 I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world. 我相信我们每一个人都能为世界的未来做出贡献。 Local businesses have agreed to contribute. 当地的公司已经同意捐助了。 【拓展】 1) contributor n. 捐助者 Candidates for Congress received 53 percent of their funds from individual contributors. 国会候选人接受的捐款中有53%来自个人捐助者。 2) contribute做动词也有另外一个义项，“是 (造成某情况) 的一个原因、导致”的意思。 The report says design faults in both the vessels contributed to the tragedy. 报道称两艘船在设计上的缺陷是造成悲剧的原因。 5. admire v . 钦佩，欣赏 I admired her when I first met her and I still think she's marvellous. 我第一次见到她时就钦佩她，而且我现在依然认为她很了不起。 He admired the way she had coped with life. 他钦佩她应对生活的方式。 We took time to stop and admire the view. 我们特意停下来欣赏风景。 【同义词组辨析】 honour, esteem, regard, admire, respect 这组词都有“尊重、钦佩”的意思，其区别是： 1）honour 侧重指对某人或某物表示极大的敬意。 2）esteem 除表示尊敬之外，还暗示由此而产生的称赞。例如：self-esteem 自尊 3）regard 最正式用词，中性，含义不很明确，一般需用修饰语加强或明确其意。 4）admire 侧重指对某人或某物的仰慕、钦佩，并含欣赏爱慕之情。 5）respect 指对人的行为、品德、才华或成就等的仰慕尊重。尤指对年长或地位高的人的尊敬。 6. feature （重点词汇，义项较多） n. 特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目 vi. 起重要作用 vt. 特写；以…为特色；由…主演 1）n. 特点 Patriotic songs have long been a feature of Kuwaiti life. 爱国歌曲长期以来一直是科威特人生活的一个特点。 The spacious gardens are a special feature of this property. 宽敞的花园是这处房产的一大特色。 2）n. (报纸、杂志的) 特写; (广播、电视的) 特别节目 We are delighted to see the Sunday Times running a long feature on breast cancer. 我们高兴地看到《星期日泰晤士报》刊登了关于乳腺癌的一篇长长的特写。 3) n. 正片; 故事片 ...the first feature-length cartoon, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. …第一部故事片长度的卡通片《白雪公主和七个小矮人》。 4) n. (地理) 特征 ...one of the area's oddest geographical features - an eight-mile bank of pebbles shelving abruptly into the sea. …这个地区最奇怪的地理特征之一，一条8英里长的鹅卵石堤岸陡然倾斜伸到海里。 5) n. 容貌 His features seemed to change. 他的容貌似乎变了。 6) vt (电影等) 由…主演; (展览会等) 以…为重点 It's a great film and it features a Spanish actor who is going to be a world star within a year. 那是一部精彩的电影，它由一位西班牙演员主演，他一年之内就会成为国际明星。 The hour-long programme will be updated each week and feature highlights from recent games. 这个一小时的节目将每周更新，重点介绍近期比赛的精彩部分。 7) vi 担任主演; 是 (展览、杂志等) 的重要内容 Jon featured in one of the show's most thrilling episodes. 乔恩主演了该剧中最惊悚的几集之一。 7. transport vt. 运送; n. 交通运输系统 They are banned from launching any flights except to transport people. 他们被禁止飞行任何航班，运送人除外。 The missiles emerge from the underbelly of the transport plane. 导弹从运输机的腹部发出。 【拓展】 trans-做前缀时，表示从一点到另一点的移动，例如： transplant vt 移植 translate vt 翻译 transfer vt 转让，移交 transit vt 运送 transform vt 改变，转换，使…变形 8. indicate vt. 表明; 暗示; 象征; 代表; (仪器等) 指示 A survey of retired people has indicated that most are independent and enjoying life. 一项对退休人员的调查表明，他们中的大部分人生活自立而愉快。 Our vote today indicates a change in United States policy. 我们今天的投票表明了美国政策的变化。 Mr. Rivers has indicated that he may resign. 里弗斯先生已经暗示他可能要辞职。 Dreams can help indicate your true feelings. 梦能代表你的真实情感。 ...an instrument used to indicate wind direction. …一台用于指示风向的仪器。 indicator n. 指示器；显示器 9. embarrassed adj 尴尬的 He looked a bit embarrassed. 他看上去有点尴尬。 embarrass vt 使…尴尬，难堪 His clumsiness embarrassed him. 他的笨拙令他尴尬。 10. settle （重点词汇） 1） vt. 解决 (纠纷、问题等) They agreed to try to settle their dispute by negotiation. 他们同意尽量通过谈判解决他们之间的纠纷。 2) vt. 定居于; 使定居; 定居 Refugees settling in a new country suffer from a number of problems. 在一个新国家定居的难民们面临许多问题。 He visited Paris and eventually settled there. 他访问了巴黎并最终在那儿定居了。 3) vt. 安顿; 安坐 Albert settled himself on the sofa. 阿尔伯特在沙发安坐下来。 4） vt. 使沉降; 沉降 A black dust settled on the walls. 一团黑色粉尘落到了这些墙上。 11. origin 见originally 拓展 12. entrance n. 入口 Beside the entrance to the church, turn right. 在教堂入口边向右转。 【固定搭配】 entrance to sp. the entrance to the supermarket 超市入口 【拓展】 exit n. 出口 课文聚焦 一、原文呈现： Where history comes alive Xi’an, China Xi’an is no doubt one of the most popular tourist destinations in China. Every year, millions of travelers visit the Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shihuang about 42 kilometres from the city centre, which is one of the most amazing historic sites in the world. 参考译文： 西安无疑是中国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。每年，数以百万计的游客参观距离市中心42公里处的秦始皇兵马俑，它是世界上最令人惊叹的历史遗迹之一。 As one of China’s great former capitals, Xi’an grew to be the largest city in the world during the Tang Dynasty, a golden age of art and poetry. Chang’an, as it was known at the time, was the starting point of the Silk Road, which connected China to the world. It was here that Xuan Zang set out on his famous travels, which became the basis of Journey to the West. Historic sites from that time include the two Wide Goose Pagodas and the remains of the Daming Palace, which was the centre of the Tang court. 参考译文： 作为中国伟大的前首都之一，西安在唐朝发展成为世界上最大的城市，唐朝是艺术和诗歌的黄金时代。当时的长安是连接中国与世界的丝绸之路的起点。正是在这里，玄奘开始了他著名的旅行，这也成为了《西游记》的基础。从那时起，包括两个宽鹅塔和大明宫遗址的历史遗迹，便是唐代宫廷的中心。 Today, Xi’an is a modern city, at the heart of China’s Belt and Road initiative, but its long history can be seen everywhere: it is one of the few cities in the world that still have city walls. The wall, almost 14 kilometres in length, was originally built for the purpose of defence, but nowadays, it’s a great way to experience Xi’an: from here,you can get an amazing view of the city. 参考译文： 今天，西安是一座现代城市，处于中国“一带一路”倡议的中心，但它的悠久历史随处可见:它是世界上少数几个仍保留着城墙的城市之一。城墙长约14公里，最初是为了防御而建造的，但现在，它是体验西安的一个好方法:从这里，你可以看到这个城市令人叹为观止的景色。 Florence, Italy Florence, one of the famous historic cities in Italy, is the birthplace of many amazing ideas and discoveries! Florence’s history is alive with the memory of a time when art, culture and science were being “reborn”. In the late 13th century, the Renaissance began here before spreading to the rest of Europe. At that time, Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci and Galileo were some of the people living, working and studying in Florence. During this period, they, along with other great minds, contributed valuable artworks and made important scientific discoveries. 参考译文： 佛罗伦萨，意大利著名的历史名城之一，是许多惊人的想法和发现的诞生地! 佛罗伦萨的历史充满了对艺术、文化和科学“重生”时期的记忆。13世纪晚期，文艺复兴在蔓延到欧洲其他地区之前就在这里开始了。当时，米开朗基罗、达芬奇和伽利略就是在佛罗伦萨生活、工作和学习的一些人。在这一时期，他们和其他伟人一起贡献了有价值的艺术品，做出了科学上的重要发现。 Florence is filled with art, science and history museums and ancient buildings, as well as historic universities. You can visit many of these places to experience and admire the amazing work and discoveries that happened during the Renaissance period. An example is Michelangelo’s famous statue David, which he completed between 1501 and 1504. Another must-see is the University of Florence. It was started in 1321 and many famous people studied there in the Renaissance period, including Leonardo da Vinci. In Florence today you can experience the old and the new. Historic sites are neighbours with fancy restaurants and high-end shops. While you are trying the delicious local food, you can decide which interesting places to visit next. 参考译文： 佛罗伦萨到处都是艺术、科学和历史博物馆和古建筑，还有历史悠久的大学。你可以参观这些地方，体验和欣赏文艺复兴时期的惊人工作和发现。米开朗基罗著名的大卫雕像就是一个例子，这是他在1501年到1504年间完成的。另一个必去的地方是佛罗伦萨大学。它始建于1321年，文艺复兴时期许多名人都在这里学习过，包括列奥纳多·达·芬奇。 在今天的佛罗伦萨，你可以体验旧与新。历史遗迹与高档餐厅和高档商店毗邻。当你在品尝美味的当地食物时，你可以决定参观下一个哪些有趣的地方。 二、课文研习： 重难句式及解析 1.“Every year, millions of travelers visit the Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shihuang about 42 kilometres from the city centre, which is one of the most amazing historic sites in the world.” 解析：本句包含非限制性定语从句 “which is one of...historic sites”，修饰先行词 “the Terracotta Army”，补充说明其世界地位。“about 42 kilometres from the city centre” 作为后置定语，具体说明兵马俑与西安的距离，通过数据和从句结合，既交代位置又强调其历史价值。 2.“Chang’an, as it was known at the time, was the starting point of the Silk Road, which connected China to the world.” 解析：“as it was known at the time” 是插入语，解释 “长安” 的古称；“which connected China to the world” 是非限制性定语从句，修饰 “the Silk Road”，说明丝绸之路的历史作用。该句通过插入语和从句嵌套，在介绍长安地位的同时，拓展其与世界的联系。 3.“The wall, almost 14 kilometres in length, was originally built for the purpose of defence, but nowadays, it’s a great way to experience Xi’an: from here, you can get an amazing view of the city.” 解析：“almost 14 kilometres in length” 作为插入语，量化城墙长度；“but” 连接前后转折关系，前半句说明城墙的防御初衷，后半句通过冒号解释其现代功能，“from here” 引导的分句进一步补充观景体验，句式层次分明，体现历史与现代的对比。 4.“Florence’s history is alive with the memory of a time when art, culture and science were being ‘reborn’.” 解析：“when art, culture and science were being ‘reborn’” 是定语从句，修饰 “a time”，解释佛罗伦萨历史中 “重生” 的具体时代背景。“is alive with” 用拟人化表达，强调历史记忆的鲜活感，为后文文艺复兴的论述做铺垫。 5.“You can visit many of these places to experience and admire the amazing work and discoveries that happened during the Renaissance period. An example is Michelangelo’s famous statue David, which he completed between 1501 and 1504.” 解析：首句中 “that happened during the Renaissance period” 是定语从句，修饰 “work and discoveries”，说明其时代属性；次句 “which he completed...” 是非限制性定语从句，补充雕塑《大卫》的创作时间，通过 “an example is” 举例论证，使抽象概念具象化，增强说服力。 学以致用 一、单词拼写 1.He looked a bit _____________（尴尬的）. 2.He visited Paris and eventually s_____________（定居）there. 3.He __________(钦佩)the way she had coped with life. 4.We should take more care of our _____________ （历史意义的）buildings. 5.She gave a reading from her latest volume of _____________（诗歌）. 6.There is heavy traffic in the _____________（闹市区）area tonight. 7.The spacious gardens are a special f_____________（特色） of this property. 8.I believe that each of us can _____________ （贡献）to the future of the world. 9.The plane has been kept in service far longer than （原先）intended. 10.A survey of retired people has _____________（表明） that most are independent and enjoying life. 二、词组填空 belong to；contribute to; in case；in the distance；a variety of 1.People change their mind for ____________reasons. 2.The figures ______________ seemed to be drawing closer. 3.Extra boiling water should be kept at hand just __________  it is needed. 4.You can’t take away these magazines which ________ our school library. 5.On the social level, improvement in the quality of life can ________ social harmony greatly. 三、完成句子 structure contribute downtown embarrassed fancy deserve featured historic admire origin disappoint 1. I was really , but then I saw the funny side of it. 我确实感到尴尬，但接着我发现了事情好笑的一面。 2. Jon in one of the show's most thrilling episodes. 乔恩主演了该剧中最惊悚的几集之一。 3. What I is not what you have, but what you are. 我所羡慕的不是你所拥有的东西，而是你是什么。 4. On the social level, improvement in the quality of life can greatly to social harmony. 在社会层面，生活质量的提高非常有助于社会和谐。 5. The of the Dragon Boat Festival is to recall the soul of Qu Yuan. 龙舟节的起源是为了缅怀屈原的灵魂。 6. We are living in a great era. 我们正处在一个伟大的历史时代。 7. There is heavy traffic in the area tonight. 今夜闹市区交通繁忙。 8. The magazine was packaged in a plastic case with attractive graphics. 这本杂志装在一个带有漂亮图纹的别致塑料盒子里。 9. Her decision to cancel the concert is bound to her fans. 她决定取消这场音乐会，肯定会使她的歌迷失望。 10. Doctors study the of the human body. 医生研究人体构造。 四、句子翻译 1.由于种种不同的原因,大家赴宴都迟到了。(a variety of) Everyone arrived ________________________________. 2.像中国人一样，法国人喜欢花时间享受餐桌上的美味佳肴。（take time to） Just like Chinese people, Frenchmen _____________________________ at dinner. 3. 如今人们宁愿在家里与家人共进晚餐而不愿在饭店里吃饭。(prefer... rather than) Nowadays people ________________________________________ in the restaurant. 4. 那些痴迷于电脑游戏的人会整夜不眠在网上和人玩游戏。(be keen on) Those who _____________________________, playing games with others on the Net. 5. 均衡的膳食，适当的体育锻炼，对生活积极的态度有助于人们保持健康。（maintain） A well-balanced diet, proper physical exercise and positive attitudes towards life _____________. 6.医生说Jack几天内就会痊愈。 _________________________________________________________________________________ 7.贝蒂说下周六她要去参观长城。 _________________________________________________________________________________ 8.这家超市的特色是24小时服务。(feature) _________________________________________________________________________________ 9.他们同意尽量通过谈判解决他们之间的纠纷。(settle) _________________________________________________________________________________ 10.这是用这种语言创作的最具想像力的原创作品之一。(original) _________________________________________________________________________________ 14 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$