Unit1 Science Fiction Reading and Thinking语言点导学案-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

语言点 Reading and Thinking Page2, 3 (指示性缩略语说明：Para1,指课文第1段。Line1指本段第1行。Page2指课本第2页。相关类似) (粗体使用说明：粗体为重点记忆部分。) (Ⅰ.常用简洁短语。Ⅱ.重要语言点。Ⅲ.练习答案。Ⅳ. 课文汉语译文) Ⅰ.常用简洁短语 experiment...with进行试验Para1, Line3, Page2 test out检验；测试Para1, Line5 on a business trip出差Para2, Line4 allow sb to允许某人做... Para2, Line6 more like更像是；更接近Para2, Line10 facial expression面部表情Para2, Line12 with dignity有尊严地；彬彬有礼地Para4, Line8 as a favour作为一项恩惠，出于好意Para5, Line1 or rather更准确地说；更确切地说Para5, Line4 with wonder惊奇地Para5, Line5 accompany sb to the shops陪同某人去商店Para6, Line3 have an appointment 预约，有个约Para6, Line7 be rude to对某人粗鲁Para6, Line9 in a relationship 出轨了Para6, Line18 feel guilty(对……)感到内疚Para6, Line21 be sensitive to敏感的Para7, Line3 work on从事...; 做…的工作Para8, Line1 in time及时;迟早Para9, Line5 take sb in one’s arms把某人拥入怀中Para10, Line4 Ⅱ.重点语言点 Para1, Line5, Page2 It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire. 它将由拉里的妻子克莱尔进行测试。 test out　检验;测试 (1)test n.& v. 测验;测试;检查 test sth on sth 在……上对……做试验 (2)stand the test of time 经得起时间的考验 His work is to test out new designs of cars before they are put on the market. 他的工作是在汽车投入市场之前对它们的新设计进行检验。 单句填空 ① 　 　(test) the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments.  ②The professor invited some university students to test 　　　　　the computer program for any bugs.  ③It may be five or six years before the new medicine is tested 　　　　human beings.  ④The new system 　　　　　　　　　by several engineers to see if it works well.  几个工程师正在测试新系统,看看它是否运行良好。 ⑤Our friendship 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　for we’ve been friends for more than 20 years.  我们的友谊已经经受住了时间的考验,因为我们是20多年的朋友了。 Para2, Line10, Page2 He seemed more like a human than a machine.他看起来更像一个人,而不是一台机器。 more…than… 与其说……,倒不如说…… 句式点拨:此句运用了“more…than…”结构,常译为“与其说……不如说……”,more表示程度,than连接平行成分,其后常用省略形式。 相关拓展 (1)more than+数词,表示“超过;不止”,相当于over; more than+名词,意为“不只是;不仅仅”,相当于not only; more than+形容词/副词,意为“非常,很”,相当于very。 (2)more than one意为“不止一个”,后接可数名词单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。 单句填空 ①She was 　　　　　　　　(worried) than annoyed when her children didn’t come on time.  ②According to the recent report, more than one worker 　　　　　　　　(lose) their lives during the explosion.  ③While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions 　　　　　　mere tools.  完成句子 ④[2024·浙江1月考读后续写] It was a small victory, but it gave her confidence that she could achieve 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  这是一次小小的胜利,但这让她有信心实现比她想象中更多的可能。 ⑤After that, our relationship became closer and I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to them.  从那以后,我们的关系变得更亲密,我对他们更像是朋友而不是老师。 Para4, Line6, Page2 Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him. 克莱尔觉得，机器人向她表示同情，这很荒唐。但她渐渐欣赏他的智慧和正直，并开始信任他了。 (1).integrity n.正直、诚实、完整、正气 “integrity”是不可数名词，没有复数形式。它表示的是一种抽象的品质。例如：“He is a man of great integrity.”他是一个正直的人。 Integrity is the foundation of any successful relationship.正直是任何成功关系的基础。 What we need is integrity.我们需要的是正直。 (2). Integrity常用短语和搭配 a person of integrity：正直的人。 We should all strive to be a person of integrity.我们都应该努力成为一个正直的人。 lack of integrity：缺乏正直。 The company's downfall was partly due to the lack of integrity among its executives. 公司的衰败部分原因是其高管缺乏正直。 integrity and honesty：正直和诚实。 Integrity and honesty are the cornerstones of any successful business.正直和诚实是任何成功企业的基石。 完成句子 ① is not just a moral virtue; it is the foundation of trust and respect. 正直不仅是一种道德品质，更是信任和尊重的基础。 ②He is known for his .他以诚实和正直而闻名。 ③The scandal revealed in the company.这起丑闻暴露了公司缺乏正直的品质。 ④He was , always putting others' interests before his own. 他是一个正直的人，总是把别人的利益放在自己之前。 ⑤ . When people act with integrity, they build strong relationships based on mutual respect and honesty.正直是信任的基石。当人们以正直行事时，他们会基于相互尊重和诚实建立牢固的关系。 Para6, Line7, Page2 She had an appointment to paint her nails, then she went into an expensive clothes shop. 她按预约去美甲后,走进了一家高档的服装店。 appointment　n. 约会;预约;约定; 任命;委任 (1)make/have an appointment with sb和某人有约 keep/break an appointment 守约/违约 by appointment经过预约 (2)appoint v. 任命;确定;安排 appoint sb (to be/as)… 任命/委派某人为…… appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 (3)appointed adj. (时间)指定的,约定的 In Western business culture, making an appointment is commonplace for most business dealings. 在西方商业文化中,进行预约在大部分商业活动中是常见的。 单句填空 ①The man who had come a thousand miles to keep an 　　　　　　　　(appoint) with the friend of his youth smoked his cigar and waited.  ②She is both the first woman and the first African-American 　　　　　　　　(appoint) to the position.  ③People are allowed to visit the newly-built museum 　　　　　　appointment online during the first weekend of every month.  完成句子/句式改写 ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　of the Student Union, I’m writing to sincerely congratulate you.  得知你被任命为学生会主席,我写信向你表示衷心的祝贺。(应用文写作之祝贺信) ⑤Because I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the dentist, I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookstore at the appointed time.  → 　　　　　　　　　　　　the dentist, I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookstore at the appointed time.(用分词改写) 由于已经预约了牙医,我很抱歉不能在约定的时间陪你去书店。 Para6, Line15, Page2 As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.当她转过身来时,格拉迪丝·克拉芬就站在那里。 完全倒装结构 句式点拨 句中there stood Gladys Claffern是一个倒装句,真正的主语是Gladys Claffern。当表示地点的here和 there位于句首时,其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是be动词和come, go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词。 相关拓展 (1)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词,如now, then, up, down, in, out, here, there, off, away等置于句首,且主语是名词,谓语动词是不及物动词时,句子需用完全倒装。 Away ran the girls, too eager to get in to have time for speech. 女孩们拔腿就跑,急急忙忙跑回家去,话也来不及说了。 Inside the garden grow a variety of flowers. (2)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语,主语比较长且主语是名词时,为了保持平衡或强调表语,常把表语放在句首,引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为:分词/副词/形容词/介词短语+be+主语。 By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗户边坐着一个年轻人,手里拿着一本杂志。 (3)有时为了强调,可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首,从而构成倒装。 Buried in the sands was an ancient village. 一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。 Standing beside the desk was a teacher. (4)there be结构（there live/ stand/ lie/ exist/ appear/ rise/ remain/ happen/ come/ go等） There are three books on the desk． There lived an old fisherman near the sea. There stands a tall building in the center of the town. 单句填空 ①Into the dark apartment 　　　　(walk) David, who was quite surprised when everyone shouted “Happy Birthday”.  ②There 　　　　(come) a time when one must take responsibility for his/her own mistakes.  ③Present at the conference 　　　　(be) many important people, among whom was the President.  完成句子/句式改写 ④Yesterday into the complete silence of the waiting class 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, “Good morning, children.” 昨天在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜美的嗓音:“孩子们,早上好。” ⑤All of a sudden the door opened and a troop of children in all sorts of dresses came in. →All of a sudden the door opened and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(用倒装句改写)  Para6, Line21, Page2 Although it was completely innocent, Claire felt guilty. 虽然完全是清白的,但克莱尔依然感到内疚。 guilty　adj. 内疚的;惭愧的; 有罪的 (1)feel guilty about…对/为……感到内疚/有愧 be guilty of… 犯有……罪 (2)guilt n. 内疚;过失,罪行 a sense of guilt 负罪感 Overwhelmed by a sense of guilt, he ducked his head and acknowledged his fault. 他满怀愧疚,低下头承认了自己的过错。 单句填空 ①He was set free, for there wasn’t enough evidence to prove him 　　　　(guilt).  ②This judge is upright and isn’t merciful towards anyone found guilty 　　　　murder.  ③The boy felt guilty 　　　　taking money from his mother’s handbag without permission.  完成句子 ④After a dead silence, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.Tom murmured that he would never make fun of Mr Hope.  在一阵死寂后,内疚的泪水涌上他们的眼眶。汤姆喃喃自语道,他再也不会取笑霍普先生了。(读后续写之心理描写) ⑤Stunned and moved, I stared at the note, 　　　　　　　　　　　my previous thought that all people were indifferent. 我目瞪口呆,感动不已,盯着那张纸条,对我先前认为所有人都漠不关心的想法感到内疚。(读后续写之心理描写) Para8, Line3, Page3 Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling, but she fell off the ladder. 克莱尔试图帮忙弄一个挂在天花板上的灯,但她却从梯子上掉了下来。 suspend　vt.悬;挂; 暂停;暂缓 (1)suspend…from… 把……悬挂在……上;暂令……停职(或停学) be suspended from the ceiling 被吊在天花板上 be suspended from school 被勒令停学 (2)suspension n.暂缓;延期;推迟;暂令停职(或停学、停赛等) 单句填空 ①The athlete could face a lengthy period of 　　　　　　　　(suspend) if found guilty.  ② 　　　　　　　　(suspend) from the ceiling, this novel piece of furniture can be accommodated in a 4-square-metre space of your apartment.  ③In fact, every semester we get a few students who would have their borrowing privileges 　　　　　　(suspend) completely because they haven’t returned books.  完成句子 ④It was very uncomfortable lying on the hospital bed 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(with复合结构)  我躺在医院的病床上,双腿悬吊在半空,难受极了。 ⑤Due to the coming typhoon, all train services 　　　　　　　　　　until further notice.  由于台风即将来袭,所有列车服务都将暂停,直到有进一步的通知。 Para10, Line3, Page3 The guests would be arriving soon, so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night. 客人们很快就要到了,因此克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。 dismiss　vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除(思想、感情等);驳回,不受理 (1)dismiss sth/sb as sth 认为……怎么样而不予考虑 dismiss…from… 把……从……去除/解雇 dismiss fear/doubts from one’s mind 消除某人心中的恐惧/疑虑 (2)dismissal n. 免职,解雇;不予考虑 Although the theory has been dismissed by scholars, it shows how powerful the secrets of ancient Maya civilization are among people. 虽然这个理论已经被学者们否定,但它显示了古代玛雅文明的奥秘在人们心中是多么有影响力。 单句填空/一词多义 ①The thought of escape flashed through my mind but immediately I dismissed it 　　　　being unrealistic.  ②He was threatened with 　　　　　　　(dismiss) if he continued to turn up late for work.  ③When school was dismissed, Kitty started slowly homeward. 　　　  ④The defending lawyer asked that the charge against his client be dismissed. 　　　  ⑤In consequence of your bad work I am forced to dismiss you from the post. 　　　  ⑥Just dismiss those thoughts from your mind—they’re crazy and not worth thinking about. 　　　 　 完成句子 ⑦When we 　　　　　　　　　　the last class of the day, the students screamed out of the classroom.  当我们终于从当天的最后一节课中被解散时,学生们尖叫着冲出教室。(读后续写之学校生活) Para10, Line6, Page3 She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.她听见他宣布说,他第二天不想离开她,而且他不仅仅是想讨她的欢心。 declare　vt. 公布;宣布;宣告;表明;宣称;断言;申报(收益);申报(应纳税物品) (1)declare war on/against…对……宣战 declare for/against… 声明表示支持/反对…… declare sth open/closed 宣布……开始/结束 (2)declaration n. 宣称,宣布,宣告,声明 单句填空 ①When they asked him for his opinion, he declared strongly 　 the policy, adding that it wasn’t practical. ②A young man came to the police station, surrounded by a group of journalists, 　　　　(declare) that he had spotted the murderer.  ③ 　　　　　　(declare) a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2010 and a national geopark in 2011, the landform has become a top tourist attraction.  完成句子 ④The instant the ceremony 　　　　　　　　　　, all the students in our school burst into cheers.  仪式一宣布开始,我校全体学生就欢呼起来。 ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, “I don’t think it is fair to hand in all my earnings.”  我用不愉快的声音说道:“我认为把我赚的钱全都上交不公平。” Ⅲ.练习答案 (Ⅱ.重点语言点) Para1, Line5, Page2 Keys:①To test　②out　③on　 Keys:④is being tested out　⑤has stood the test of time Para2, Line10, Page2 Keys:①more worried　②has lost　③than　 Keys:④more than she thought/imagined possible　⑤was more like a friend than a teacher Para4, Line6, Page2 Keys:①Integrity ②honesty and integrity ③a lack of integrity Keys:④a man of great integrity ⑤Integrity is the cornerstone of trust. Para6, Line7, Page2 Keys:①appointment　②to be appointed　③by　 Keys:④Learning that you’ve been appointed as/to be chairman　⑤have made an appointment with; Having made an appointment with Para6, Line15, Page2 Keys:①walked　②comes　③were　 Keys:④came the teacher’s sweet voice　⑤in came a troop of children in all sorts of dresses Para6, Line21, Page2 Keys:①guilty　②of　③about　 Keys:④tears of guilt welled up in their eyes　⑤feeling guilty about Para8, Line3, Page3 Keys:①suspension　②Suspended　③suspended　 Keys:④with my legs suspended in the air　⑤will be suspended Para10, Line3, Page3 Keys:①as　②dismissal Keys:③让(某人)离开;解散　④驳回,不受理 ⑤解雇,开除　⑥(从头脑中)去除　 Keys:⑦were finally dismissed from Para10, Line6, Page3 Keys:①against　②declaring　③Declared　 Keys:⑤was declared open　⑥In an unpleasant voice, I declared Ⅳ.课文汉语译文 包你满意（改编版） 拉里 • 贝尔蒙特在一家生产机器人的公司里工作。最近，该公司开始对一个家用机器人进行试验。这个机器人将由拉里的妻子克莱尔来进行试验。 克莱尔并不想家中有机器人，尤其是在她的丈夫要出差三周的这段时间里，但是拉里使她相信机器人不会伤害她，也不会让她受到伤害。它将会是一个意外收获。然而，当她第一眼见到这个机器人时，她感到恐慌。机器人名叫托尼，他看上去更像一个人，而不像一台机器。他虽然面部表情一成不变，但是高大英俊，头发顺滑且声音低沉浑厚。 第二天早晨，托尼给她端来了早餐，然后问她是否需要帮忙穿衣。她觉得尴尬，即刻就让他离开了。现在一个看起来很像人的机器人照顾着她，这让她感到不安。 有一天，克莱尔说她觉得自己不聪明。托尼说她那样说心里一定感到很不快乐。克莱尔觉得，机器人向她表示同情，这很荒唐。但她渐渐欣赏他的智慧和正直，并开始信任他了。他总是尊重她。她对托尼说，对于像拉里这样想通过更高的薪水来提高社会地位的人来说，她的家不够雅致，这让她很不高兴。她跟格拉迪丝 • 克拉芬不一样，格拉迪丝 • 克拉芬是这附近最有钱有势的女性之一。 出于好意，托尼答应帮克莱尔变得更漂亮，把她的家变得更雅致。于是克莱尔从图书馆借了一些书给托尼读，更确切地说，是给他扫描一下。她惊奇地看着他的手指翻动书的每一页。她想这是多么荒谬啊。他只不过是一台机器。 托尼给克莱尔换了新发型，并改善了她的妆容。因为不让他陪她（克莱尔）去商店，所以他就写了一份购物清单，上面列有他改装房子需要的东西，然后由克莱尔去市中心采购这些东西。她按照预约做完美甲，又走进了一家高档服装店。那儿的女销售员对她很无礼，她就打电话给托尼，说自己正受到粗鲁的对待。他和女销售员在电话上说了几句话，对方马上就改变了态度。克莱尔对托尼表示感谢，并称他“亲爱的”。刚一转身，她就看到格拉迪丝 • 克拉芬站在那儿。克莱尔想，被格拉迪丝发现了，这可真糟糕。从格拉迪丝脸上的神情来看，克莱尔知道，格拉迪丝认为他们在谈恋爱。毕竟格拉迪丝知道她的丈夫叫拉里，而不是托尼。尽管（她与托尼之间）是完全清白的，克莱尔还是感到内疚。 回到家后，克莱尔哭了。克莱尔就是想成为格拉迪丝那样的人托尼对克莱尔说，她这样想有点敏感，其实她就像格拉迪丝一样好。他建议她邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友们到家里来，时间就定在他离开和拉里回来之前的那个晚上。到那时，托尼预计正被彻底改装的房子能够使用。 托尼有条不紊地进行着改装工作。克莱尔试图帮忙安装天花板上的吊灯，但是她从梯子上摔了下来。尽管托尼当时在隔壁房间里，他还是及时接住了她。当他抱着她时，她感觉到了他身体的温暖。她尖叫了起来，把他推开，跑回她的房间。 宴会的那天晚上到来了。时钟敲过八点，客人们很快就要到了，克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。就在那一刻，托尼搂住她，把脸贴近她的脸。她听到托尼说明天他不想离开她，而且他不仅仅是想让她开心。这时，前门的门铃响了。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 语言点 Reading and Thinking Page2, 3 (指示性缩略语说明：Para1,指课文第1段。Line1指本段第1行。Page2指课本第2页。相关类似) (颜色使用说明：红色为宏观位置提示。绿色为重要语言点提醒。紫色为必做笔记部分。) (Ⅰ.常用简洁短语。Ⅱ.重要语言点。Ⅲ.课文汉语译文) Ⅰ.常用简洁短语 experiment...with进行试验Para1, Line3, Page2 test out检验；测试Para1, Line5 on a business trip出差Para2, Line4 allow sb to允许某人做... Para2, Line6 more like更像是；更接近Para2, Line10 facial expression面部表情Para2, Line12 with dignity有尊严地；彬彬有礼地Para4, Line8 as a favour作为一项恩惠，出于好意Para5, Line1 or rather更准确地说；更确切地说Para5, Line4 with wonder惊奇地Para5, Line5 accompany sb to the shops陪同某人去商店Para6, Line3 have an appointment 预约，有个约Para6, Line7 be rude to对某人粗鲁Para6, Line9 in a relationship 出轨了Para6, Line18 feel guilty(对……)感到内疚Para6, Line21 be sensitive to敏感的Para7, Line3 work on从事...; 做…的工作Para8, Line1 in time及时;迟早Para9, Line5 take sb in one’s arms把某人拥入怀中Para10, Line4 Ⅱ.重点语言点 Para1, Line5, Page2 It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire. 它将由拉里的妻子克莱尔进行测试。 test out　检验;测试 (1)test n.& v. 测验;测试;检查 test sth on sth 在……上对……做试验 (2)stand the test of time 经得起时间的考验 His work is to test out new designs of cars before they are put on the market. 他的工作是在汽车投入市场之前对它们的新设计进行检验。 单句填空 ① 　 　(test) the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments.  ②The professor invited some university students to test 　　　　　the computer program for any bugs.  ③It may be five or six years before the new medicine is tested 　　　　human beings.  Keys:①To test　②out　③on　 完成句子 ④The new system 　　　　　　　　　by several engineers to see if it works well.  几个工程师正在测试新系统,看看它是否运行良好。 ⑤Our friendship 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　for we’ve been friends for more than 20 years.  我们的友谊已经经受住了时间的考验,因为我们是20多年的朋友了。 Keys:④is being tested out　⑤has stood the test of time Para2, Line10, Page2 He seemed more like a human than a machine.他看起来更像一个人,而不是一台机器。 more…than… 与其说……,倒不如说…… 句式点拨:此句运用了“more…than…”结构,常译为“与其说……不如说……”,more表示程度,than连接平行成分,其后常用省略形式。 相关拓展 (1)more than+数词,表示“超过;不止”,相当于over; more than+名词,意为“不只是;不仅仅”,相当于not only; more than+形容词/副词,意为“非常,很”,相当于very。 (2)more than one意为“不止一个”,后接可数名词单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。 单句填空 ①She was 　　　　　　　　(worried) than annoyed when her children didn’t come on time.  ②According to the recent report, more than one worker 　　　　　　　　(lose) their lives during the explosion.  ③While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions 　　　　　　mere tools.  Keys:①more worried　②has lost　③than　 完成句子 ④[2024·浙江1月考读后续写] It was a small victory, but it gave her confidence that she could achieve 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  这是一次小小的胜利,但这让她有信心实现比她想象中更多的可能。 ⑤After that, our relationship became closer and I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to them.  从那以后,我们的关系变得更亲密,我对他们更像是朋友而不是老师。 Keys:④more than she thought/imagined possible　⑤was more like a friend than a teacher Para4, Line6, Page2 Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him. 克莱尔觉得，机器人向她表示同情，这很荒唐。但她渐渐欣赏他的智慧和正直，并开始信任他了。 (1).integrity n.正直、诚实、完整、正气 “integrity”是不可数名词，没有复数形式。它表示的是一种抽象的品质。例如：“He is a man of great integrity.”他是一个正直的人。 Integrity is the foundation of any successful relationship.正直是任何成功关系的基础。 What we need is integrity.我们需要的是正直。 (2). Integrity常用短语和搭配 a person of integrity：正直的人。 We should all strive to be a person of integrity.我们都应该努力成为一个正直的人。 lack of integrity：缺乏正直。 The company's downfall was partly due to the lack of integrity among its executives. 公司的衰败部分原因是其高管缺乏正直。 integrity and honesty：正直和诚实。 Integrity and honesty are the cornerstones of any successful business.正直和诚实是任何成功企业的基石。 完成句子 ① is not just a moral virtue; it is the foundation of trust and respect. 正直不仅是一种道德品质，更是信任和尊重的基础。 ②He is known for his .他以诚实和正直而闻名。 ③The scandal revealed in the company.这起丑闻暴露了公司缺乏正直的品质。 Keys:①Integrity ②honesty and integrity ③a lack of integrity ④He was , always putting others' interests before his own. 他是一个正直的人，总是把别人的利益放在自己之前。 ⑤ . When people act with integrity, they build strong relationships based on mutual respect and honesty.正直是信任的基石。当人们以正直行事时，他们会基于相互尊重和诚实建立牢固的关系。 Keys:④a man of great integrity ⑤Integrity is the cornerstone of trust. Para6, Line7, Page2 She had an appointment to paint her nails, then she went into an expensive clothes shop. 她按预约去美甲后,走进了一家高档的服装店。 appointment　n. 约会;预约;约定; 任命;委任 (1)make/have an appointment with sb和某人有约 keep/break an appointment 守约/违约 by appointment经过预约 (2)appoint v. 任命;确定;安排 appoint sb (to be/as)… 任命/委派某人为…… appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 (3)appointed adj. (时间)指定的,约定的 In Western business culture, making an appointment is commonplace for most business dealings. 在西方商业文化中,进行预约在大部分商业活动中是常见的。 单句填空 ①The man who had come a thousand miles to keep an 　　　　　　　　(appoint) with the friend of his youth smoked his cigar and waited.  ②She is both the first woman and the first African-American 　　　　　　　　(appoint) to the position.  ③People are allowed to visit the newly-built museum 　　　　　　appointment online during the first weekend of every month.  Keys:①appointment　②to be appointed　③by　 完成句子/句式改写 ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　of the Student Union, I’m writing to sincerely congratulate you.  得知你被任命为学生会主席,我写信向你表示衷心的祝贺。(应用文写作之祝贺信) ⑤Because I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the dentist, I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookstore at the appointed time.  → 　　　　　　　　　　　　the dentist, I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookstore at the appointed time.(用分词改写) 由于已经预约了牙医,我很抱歉不能在约定的时间陪你去书店。 Keys:④Learning that you’ve been appointed as/to be chairman　⑤have made an appointment with; Having made an appointment with Para6, Line15, Page2 As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.当她转过身来时,格拉迪丝·克拉芬就站在那里。 完全倒装结构 句式点拨 句中there stood Gladys Claffern是一个倒装句,真正的主语是Gladys Claffern。当表示地点的here和 there位于句首时,其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是be动词和come, go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词。 相关拓展 (1)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词,如now, then, up, down, in, out, here, there, off, away等置于句首,且主语是名词,谓语动词是不及物动词时,句子需用完全倒装。 Away ran the girls, too eager to get in to have time for speech. 女孩们拔腿就跑,急急忙忙跑回家去,话也来不及说了。 Inside the garden grow a variety of flowers. (2)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语,主语比较长且主语是名词时,为了保持平衡或强调表语,常把表语放在句首,引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为:分词/副词/形容词/介词短语+be+主语。 By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗户边坐着一个年轻人,手里拿着一本杂志。 (3)有时为了强调,可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首,从而构成倒装。 Buried in the sands was an ancient village. 一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。 Standing beside the desk was a teacher. (4)there be结构（there live/ stand/ lie/ exist/ appear/ rise/ remain/ happen/ come/ go等） There are three books on the desk． There lived an old fisherman near the sea. There stands a tall building in the center of the town. 单句填空 ①Into the dark apartment 　　　　(walk) David, who was quite surprised when everyone shouted “Happy Birthday”.  ②There 　　　　(come) a time when one must take responsibility for his/her own mistakes.  ③Present at the conference 　　　　(be) many important people, among whom was the President.  Keys:①walked　②comes　③were　 完成句子/句式改写 ④Yesterday into the complete silence of the waiting class 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, “Good morning, children.” 昨天在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜美的嗓音:“孩子们,早上好。” ⑤All of a sudden the door opened and a troop of children in all sorts of dresses came in. →All of a sudden the door opened and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(用倒装句改写)  Keys:④came the teacher’s sweet voice　⑤in came a troop of children in all sorts of dresses Para6, Line21, Page2 Although it was completely innocent, Claire felt guilty. 虽然完全是清白的,但克莱尔依然感到内疚。 guilty　adj. 内疚的;惭愧的; 有罪的 (1)feel guilty about…对/为……感到内疚/有愧 be guilty of… 犯有……罪 (2)guilt n. 内疚;过失,罪行 a sense of guilt 负罪感 Overwhelmed by a sense of guilt, he ducked his head and acknowledged his fault. 他满怀愧疚,低下头承认了自己的过错。 单句填空 ①He was set free, for there wasn’t enough evidence to prove him 　　　　(guilt).  ②This judge is upright and isn’t merciful towards anyone found guilty 　　　　murder.  ③The boy felt guilty 　　　　taking money from his mother’s handbag without permission.  Keys:①guilty　②of　③about　 完成句子 ④After a dead silence, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.Tom murmured that he would never make fun of Mr Hope.  在一阵死寂后,内疚的泪水涌上他们的眼眶。汤姆喃喃自语道,他再也不会取笑霍普先生了。(读后续写之心理描写) ⑤Stunned and moved, I stared at the note, 　　　　　　　　　　　my previous thought that all people were indifferent. 我目瞪口呆,感动不已,盯着那张纸条,对我先前认为所有人都漠不关心的想法感到内疚。(读后续写之心理描写) Keys:④tears of guilt welled up in their eyes　⑤feeling guilty about Para8, Line3, Page3 Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling, but she fell off the ladder. 克莱尔试图帮忙弄一个挂在天花板上的灯,但她却从梯子上掉了下来。 suspend　vt.悬;挂; 暂停;暂缓 (1)suspend…from… 把……悬挂在……上;暂令……停职(或停学) be suspended from the ceiling 被吊在天花板上 be suspended from school 被勒令停学 (2)suspension n.暂缓;延期;推迟;暂令停职(或停学、停赛等) 单句填空 ①The athlete could face a lengthy period of 　　　　　　　　(suspend) if found guilty.  ② 　　　　　　　　(suspend) from the ceiling, this novel piece of furniture can be accommodated in a 4-square-metre space of your apartment.  ③In fact, every semester we get a few students who would have their borrowing privileges 　　　　　　(suspend) completely because they haven’t returned books.  Keys:①suspension　②Suspended　③suspended　 完成句子 ④It was very uncomfortable lying on the hospital bed 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(with复合结构)  我躺在医院的病床上,双腿悬吊在半空,难受极了。 ⑤Due to the coming typhoon, all train services 　　　　　　　　　　until further notice.  由于台风即将来袭,所有列车服务都将暂停,直到有进一步的通知。 Keys:④with my legs suspended in the air　⑤will be suspended Para10, Line3, Page3 The guests would be arriving soon, so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night. 客人们很快就要到了,因此克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。 dismiss　vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除(思想、感情等);驳回,不受理 (1)dismiss sth/sb as sth 认为……怎么样而不予考虑 dismiss…from… 把……从……去除/解雇 dismiss fear/doubts from one’s mind 消除某人心中的恐惧/疑虑 (2)dismissal n. 免职,解雇;不予考虑 Although the theory has been dismissed by scholars, it shows how powerful the secrets of ancient Maya civilization are among people. 虽然这个理论已经被学者们否定,但它显示了古代玛雅文明的奥秘在人们心中是多么有影响力。 单句填空/一词多义 ①The thought of escape flashed through my mind but immediately I dismissed it 　　　　being unrealistic.  ②He was threatened with 　　　　　　　(dismiss) if he continued to turn up late for work.  Keys:①as　②dismissal ③When school was dismissed, Kitty started slowly homeward. 　　　  ④The defending lawyer asked that the charge against his client be dismissed. 　　　  ⑤In consequence of your bad work I am forced to dismiss you from the post. 　　　  ⑥Just dismiss those thoughts from your mind—they’re crazy and not worth thinking about. 　　　  Keys:③让(某人)离开;解散　④驳回,不受理 ⑤解雇,开除　⑥(从头脑中)去除　 完成句子 ⑦When we 　　　　　　　　　　the last class of the day, the students screamed out of the classroom.  当我们终于从当天的最后一节课中被解散时,学生们尖叫着冲出教室。(读后续写之学校生活) Keys:⑦were finally dismissed from Para10, Line6, Page3 She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.她听见他宣布说,他第二天不想离开她,而且他不仅仅是想讨她的欢心。 declare　vt. 公布;宣布;宣告;表明;宣称;断言;申报(收益);申报(应纳税物品) (1)declare war on/against…对……宣战 declare for/against… 声明表示支持/反对…… declare sth open/closed 宣布……开始/结束 (2)declaration n. 宣称,宣布,宣告,声明 单句填空 ①When they asked him for his opinion, he declared strongly 　 the policy, adding that it wasn’t practical. ②A young man came to the police station, surrounded by a group of journalists, 　　　　(declare) that he had spotted the murderer.  ③ 　　　　　　(declare) a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2010 and a national geopark in 2011, the landform has become a top tourist attraction.  Keys:①against　②declaring　③Declared　 完成句子 ④The instant the ceremony 　　　　　　　　　　, all the students in our school burst into cheers.  仪式一宣布开始,我校全体学生就欢呼起来。 ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, “I don’t think it is fair to hand in all my earnings.”  我用不愉快的声音说道:“我认为把我赚的钱全都上交不公平。” Keys:⑤was declared open　⑥In an unpleasant voice, I declared Ⅲ.课文汉语译文 SATISFACTION GUARANTEED（Adapted） Larry Belmont worked for a company that made robots. Recently it had begun experimenting with a household robot. It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire. Claire didn’t want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be away on a business trip for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn’t harm her or allow her to be harmed. It would be a bonus. However, when she first saw the robot, she felt alarmed. His name was Tony. He seemed more like a human than a machine. He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice, although his facial expression never changed. On the second morning, Tony brought her breakfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing. She felt embarrassed and quickly told him to go. Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing. One day, Claire mentioned that she didn’t think she was clever. Tony said that she must feel very unhappy to say that. Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him. He always treated her with dignity. She told him how she was unhappy that her home wasn’t elegant enough for Larry, who wanted to improve his social position with a bigger salary. She wasn’t like Gladys Claffern, one of the richest and most powerful women around. As a favour, Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant. So Claire borrowed some library books for him to read, or rather, scan. She looked at his fingers with wonder as they turned each page. How absurd, she thought. He was just a machine. Tony gave Claire a new hairstyle and improved her makeup. As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of things that he would need for his work on the house. Claire went downtown and bought these things. She had an appointment to paint her nails, then she went into an expensive clothes shop. The saleswoman there was rude to her, so she rang Tony and told him she was being treated badly. He spoke to the woman, who immediately changed her attitude. Claire thanked Tony, telling him that he was a “dear”. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. How awful to be discovered by her, Claire thought. By the look on her face, Claire knew that Gladys thought they were in a relationship. After all, she knew Claire’s husband’s name was Larry, not Tony. Although it was completely innocent, Claire felt guilty. When Claire got home, she wept. Gladys was everything Claire wished to be. Tony told her she was being sensitive and was just as good as Gladys. He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return. By that time, Tony expected that the house, which was being completely transformed, would be ready. Tony worked steadily on the improvements. Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling, but she fell off the ladder. Even though Tony had been in the next room, he managed to catch her in time. As he held her, she felt the warmth of his body. She screamed, pushed him away, and ran to her room. The night of the party arrived. The clock struck eight. The guests would be arriving soon, so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night. At that moment, Tony took her in his arms, bringing his face close to hers. She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. Then the front door bell rang. 课文汉语译文 包你满意（改编版） 拉里 • 贝尔蒙特在一家生产机器人的公司里工作。最近，该公司开始对一个家用机器人进行试验。这个机器人将由拉里的妻子克莱尔来进行试验。 克莱尔并不想家中有机器人，尤其是在她的丈夫要出差三周的这段时间里，但是拉里使她相信机器人不会伤害她，也不会让她受到伤害。它将会是一个意外收获。然而，当她第一眼见到这个机器人时，她感到恐慌。机器人名叫托尼，他看上去更像一个人，而不像一台机器。他虽然面部表情一成不变，但是高大英俊，头发顺滑且声音低沉浑厚。 第二天早晨，托尼给她端来了早餐，然后问她是否需要帮忙穿衣。她觉得尴尬，即刻就让他离开了。现在一个看起来很像人的机器人照顾着她，这让她感到不安。 有一天，克莱尔说她觉得自己不聪明。托尼说她那样说心里一定感到很不快乐。克莱尔觉得，机器人向她表示同情，这很荒唐。但她渐渐欣赏他的智慧和正直，并开始信任他了。他总是尊重她。她对托尼说，对于像拉里这样想通过更高的薪水来提高社会地位的人来说，她的家不够雅致，这让她很不高兴。她跟格拉迪丝 • 克拉芬不一样，格拉迪丝 • 克拉芬是这附近最有钱有势的女性之一。 出于好意，托尼答应帮克莱尔变得更漂亮，把她的家变得更雅致。于是克莱尔从图书馆借了一些书给托尼读，更确切地说，是给他扫描一下。她惊奇地看着他的手指翻动书的每一页。她想这是多么荒谬啊。他只不过是一台机器。 托尼给克莱尔换了新发型，并改善了她的妆容。因为不让他陪她（克莱尔）去商店，所以他就写了一份购物清单，上面列有他改装房子需要的东西，然后由克莱尔去市中心采购这些东西。她按照预约做完美甲，又走进了一家高档服装店。那儿的女销售员对她很无礼，她就打电话给托尼，说自己正受到粗鲁的对待。他和女销售员在电话上说了几句话，对方马上就改变了态度。克莱尔对托尼表示感谢，并称他“亲爱的”。刚一转身，她就看到格拉迪丝 • 克拉芬站在那儿。克莱尔想，被格拉迪丝发现了，这可真糟糕。从格拉迪丝脸上的神情来看，克莱尔知道，格拉迪丝认为他们在谈恋爱。毕竟格拉迪丝知道她的丈夫叫拉里，而不是托尼。尽管（她与托尼之间）是完全清白的，克莱尔还是感到内疚。 回到家后，克莱尔哭了。克莱尔就是想成为格拉迪丝那样的人托尼对克莱尔说，她这样想有点敏感，其实她就像格拉迪丝一样好。他建议她邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友们到家里来，时间就定在他离开和拉里回来之前的那个晚上。到那时，托尼预计正被彻底改装的房子能够使用。 托尼有条不紊地进行着改装工作。克莱尔试图帮忙安装天花板上的吊灯，但是她从梯子上摔了下来。尽管托尼当时在隔壁房间里，他还是及时接住了她。当他抱着她时，她感觉到了他身体的温暖。她尖叫了起来，把他推开，跑回她的房间。 宴会的那天晚上到来了。时钟敲过八点，客人们很快就要到了，克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。就在那一刻，托尼搂住她，把脸贴近她的脸。她听到托尼说明天他不想离开她，而且他不仅仅是想让她开心。这时，前门的门铃响了。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$