精品解析：天津市西青区张家窝中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

2024-2025学年第二学期 期中考试 高二英语试卷 （满分150分，120分钟） I卷 （115分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.How will the woman go to the shopping center? A. By car. B. By bus. C. On foot. 2.What did the woman do last Sunday? A. She went to hospital. B. She went camping C. She stayed at home. 3. What will the man probably do on Saturday? A.Study hard. B. Play outside. C. Take an exam. 4.When did Paul and Susan get married? A. Last summer. B. A week ago. C. This January. 5. What does the man mean? A.His violin is perfect. B. He is forgetful. C. He practices a lot. 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6 至第8小题 6. Why does the man call the woman? A. To invite her to a trip. B. To ask for help. C. To make an apology. 7.What does the woman offer to do? A. Water the plants. B. Wash the cats. C. Clean the house. 8.What will the man probably do tonight? A. Work from home. B.Leave for Florida. C. Go to the woman's place 听下面一段对话，回答第9 至第11 小题。 9. What are the speakers talking about? A. Buying a birthday gift. B. Preparing for a holiday. C. Celebrating Father's Day. 10. What do we know about the speakers' father? A. He has no watch. B. He is fond of music. C. He likes wearing jewelry. 11.What will the speakers probably do? A. Draw a picture. B. Go to a concert. C. Get a digital camera. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. What was in the spot in the past? A. A parking lot. B. A fish pond. C. A local store. 13.When do people come to work in the garden? A.On Saturday mornings. B. On Saturday afternoons. C. On Sunday mornings. 14.Which of the following events does the speaker mention? A. Music lessons. B. Gardening classes. C. Birthday parties. 15. How does the speaker fee about the garden? A.Curious. B. Worried. C. Proud. 二．单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. — Shall I help you with the cooking? — _______ I can manage. A. Don’t bother B. With pleasure C. All right D. I’m afraid not 2. I was given three books on cooking, the first I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which 3. Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A. is given B. are given C. was given D. were given 4. We have already bought the house but we won’t _______ it until May. A. make room for B. take possession of C. drink a toast to D. become a target for 5. I was really anxious about you. You_____ have left home without a word. A. must B. should C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 6. Today, architects continues to explore ways to _______ the beauty of natural forms. A. recycle B. capture C. power D. channel 7. Make sure you save all your work on screen _____ the computer breaks down. A. in case B. in order that C. ever since D. even though 8 He established his ______ as an honest businessman while working for IBM. A. reputation B. ambition C. capacity D. motive 9. In spite of _________ has been said, quite a lot of people are still uncertain about the state of the country’s economy. A. what B. which C. that D. as 10. Sarah loves reading classical literature, _____ the works of Jane Austen, which she finds truly inspiring. A. above all B. on the contrary C. in contrast to D. in particular 11. The police searched the area for several days. ________, they found the piece of evidence they were looking for. A. Generally B. Originally C. Eventually D. Unfortunately 12. ________ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. A. To throw B. Thrown C. Being thrown D. Throwing 13. Although some people like to ______ their wealth, income is a very private matter for most Americans. A. show off B. bring up C. settle down D. set aside 14. Make a note of the questions you want to ask. _______ , you’ll forget some of them. A. Otherwise B. However C. Moreover D. Therefore 15. .Ladex does’t feel like abroad.Her parents are old. A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study 三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 After graduating from college, I was eager to travel. As I chatted with a friend, I mentioned my ___16___ to her and said I’d like to have a part time job while traveling. She told me that her brother Jack working in Alaska could ___17___ me. Thanks to Jack’s guidance, I applied for a job in a restaurant and had an online job interview the next day. Within one week, I ___18___ the job in that restaurant. My dream of traveling alone finally became a ___19___, and I almost could not properly describe how ___20___ I was. On the plane to Alaska, I ___21___ that I would work with friendly employees during my short stay there. However, things turned out to be not so ___22___ as I had expected. While working in that restaurant, I ___23___ workplace bullying which I had never heard before, and I was the ___24___. One of the employees often made fun of me and treated me ____25____. Sometimes, he even used physical violence, but I was too ____26____ to turn to others for help. During that period, every day, I thought about ____27____ and getting back to my friends and families. But life threw people in a mud puddle once in a while and their character was developed by ____28____ they handled it. I realized this ____29____ was my mud puddle and I wanted to climb out of it instead of quitting ____30____. I decided to do a good deed every day for him. For example, I opened the door for him when I saw him. My good deeds began to ____31____. After a week, I noticed he ____32____ acting as rudely as before and began to give me ____33____ that I deserved. I continued to do everything I could to make my life easier. He treated me as a friend at last. I have learned a valuable lesson on how to ____34____ bullies. Good actions give strength to ourselves and ____35____ good actions in others. 16. A. job B. interview C. desire D. experience 17 A. help B. replace C. accept D. remember 18. A. created B. hoped C. missed D. obtained 19. A. suggestion B. reality C. mistake D. promise 20. A. friendly B. romantic C. excited D. attractive 21. A. imagined B. concluded C. promised D. explained 22 A. formal B. good C. difficult D. special 23. A. experienced B. limited C. described D. expected 24. A. criminal B. sponsor C. victim D. director 25. A. honestly B. faithfully C. patiently D. rudely 26. A. frightened B. reliable C. sensitive D. violent 27. A. settling down B. giving up C. holding on D. paying off 28. A. where B. when C. how D. why 29. A. immigration B. separation C. revolution D. situation 30. A. naturally B. stubbornly C. easily D. gradually 31. A. fail B. work C. start D. finish 32. A. stopped B. considered C. suggested D. continued 33. A. confidence B. respect C. independence D. responsibility 34. A. observe B. suspect C. prove D. handle 35. A. require B. inspire C. admit D. forbid 四．阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Short Story Competition The V. S. Pritchett Short Story Prize The V. S. Pritchett Short Story Prize held by the Royal Society of Literature (RSL) annually is currently open for entries. Entries from those over 18 years old who are resident in the UK are welcome. Closes: 20 August Word limit: 2,000 — 4,000 words Entry fee: Free Prize: £1,000 and publication in Prospect online The Tasmanian Writers’ Prize Since 2009, Forty South Publishing has awarded writers the Tasmanian Writers’ Prize for the most outstanding short story submitted into this competition. Entries from Australian and New Zealand residents are welcome. Closes: 15 February Word limit: 3,000 — 4,000 words Entry fee: $20 Prize: $500 and publication in Forty South The Nature Writing Prize Created by the Nature Conservancy Australia, the Nature Writing Prize is open for submissions. Writers,18 years and older, are invited to write an essay to explore their relationship and interaction with the Australian landscape. Closes: 19 February Word limit: 3,000 — 5,000 words Entry fee: $25 Prize: $7,500 and publication in Griffith Review online The Stringybark Open Short Story Award Stringybark Publishing is asking writers to enter a short story into the Stringybark Open Short Story Award. The judges are looking for a story written for an audience of 16 years and older. Closes: 31 January Word limit: 1,500 — 1,800 words Entry fee:$14 for 1 story, $26 for 2 stories, $36 for 3 stories (max) Prize: Over $1,000 in cash and books 36. What do we know about the competition held by the RSL? A. It is free for participants. B. Its deadline is 19 February. C. It is open for writers across the world. D. Its entries are for readers of 18 years or older. 37. Which is TRUE about the Tasmanian Writers’ Prize? A. It has an entry fee of $25. B. It has a history of 20 years. C. Its winner can get his story published. D. It welcomes entries from residents in the UK. 38. What is the word limit for stories exploring the human-nature relationship? A. 1,500 — 1,800 words. B. 2,000 — 4,000 words. C. 3,000 — 4,000 words D. 3,000 — 5,000 words. 39. Which competition awards its winners cash and books? A. The Nature Writing Prize. B. The Tasmanian Writers’ Prize. C. The V. S. Pritchett Short Story Prize. D. The Stringybark Open Short Story Award. 40. How many competitions have age requirement for participants? A. 1 B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. B Edmund Percival Hillary was one of the greatest explorers of the twentieth century. He was born in Auckland, New Zealand, in 1919. He discovered an interest in mountain climbing while he was still in high school and began climbing New Zealand’s Southern Alps. Like his father, Hillary earned his living as a beekeeper. However, he continued to climb mountains. His goal was to climb Mt. Everest, which is the highest mountain in the world. By the early 1950s, several expeditions (远征) had attempted to reach the summit of Everest, but all had failed. Then, in 1953, Hillary and a Nepalese (尼泊尔的) climber named Tenzing Norgay became the first two people to reach the top of the world. Hillary’s spirit of exploration was not satisfied. He joined an expedition to Antarctica and reached the South Pole in 1958. He also made an expedition up the Ganges River to its source in the Himalayas. Sir Edmund Hillary was a brave adventurer. He went where no man or woman had gone before. Although Hillary was best known as the young man who climbed to the summit of Mt. Everest in the 1950s, he continued his journeys to far-off places into his senior years. For instance, in his mid-sixties Hillary flew to the North Pole with Neil Armstrong, the first man on the moon. Moreover, Hillary authored many books. However, his most lasting gift, perhaps, was the Sir Edmund Hillary Himalayan Trust (信托基金). It raised millions of dollars and contributed to schools, hospitals and many other public improvements in the Sherpa villages of Nepal. In January 2008, Sir Edmund Hillary died at the age of 88. Despite being a great adventurer and known for the treasure he left, Sir Edmund Hillary always modestly referred to himself as a simple beekeeper from New Zealand. 41. What was Hillary interested in when he was in high school? A. Mountain-climbing. B. Bee-keeping. C. Money-raising. D. Story-writing. 42. Hillary became well-known because ________. A. he reached both the South Pole and the North Pole B. he was the first to reach the top of Mt. Everest C. he lived in places where no humans had gone D. he made a lot of money as a beekeeper 43. ________ is the right order of Hillaryˈs expeditions. a．He traveled to the source of the Ganges River. b．He climbed New Zealandˈs Southern Alps. c．He reached the summit of Everest. d．He explored the North Pole. A. a-c-d-b B. b-d-c-a C. a-b-c-d D. b-c-a-d 44. We can learn from the passage that Hillary is ________. A outgoing and fearless B. talented and honest C. determined and caring D. hardworking and careful 45. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Hillary was the greatest explorer of the twentieth century. B. Hillary reached the top of of Everest in his thirties. C. Hillary showed no interest in charity in his life. D. Hillary was a simple beekeeper from New Zealand. C The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs. Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection. Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority. Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures. 46. What does the author say about silence in conversations? A. It implies anger. B. It promotes friendship. C. It is culture-specific. D. It is content-based. 47. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought? A. The Chinese. B. The French. C. The Mexicans. D. The Russians. 48. Which of the following statements is true according to paragraph 2 and 3? A. Americans may view silence as a sign of respect to the old. B. Mexicans may remain silent to avoid appearing disrespectful. C. In Asian cultures, silence is primarily used to signal agreement in discussions. D. Silence in all cultures implies a lack of interest in the topic being discussed. 49. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence? A. Let it continue as the patient pleases. B. Break it while treating patients. C. Evaluate its harm to patients. D. Make use of its healing effects. 50. What may be the best title for the text? A. Sound and Silence. B. What It Means to Be Silent. C. Silence to Native Americans. D. Speech Is Silver, Silence Is Gold. D Like many people, in terms of socializing, I prioritize making time for my closest friends and family. When it comes to reaching out to people I don’t know as well I often find myself reluctant to engage. This could be a big mistake, though, according to a new study. Having different types of social interactions seems to be central to our happiness — something many of us may think little of. In a series of surveys, researchers looked at how having a socially diverse network related to people’s well-being. In one survey, 578 Americans reported on what activities they had been engaged in, with whom and for how long over the past 24 hours, while also saying how happy with life they were. The researchers found that people with more diverse social networks were happier and more satisfied with life than those with less diverse networks — regardless of how much time they had spent socializing overall. “The more you can broaden your social circle and reach out to people you talk to less frequently — like an acquaintance, a friend, a coworker, or even a stranger — the more it could have positive benefits for your well-being,” said the lead researcher Hanne Collins of Harvard Business School. To further test this idea, she and her colleagues looked at large data sets from the American Time Use Survey and the World Health Organization’s Study on Global Aging and Adult Health. In both cases, they found that when people had a broader range of social interactions, they experienced greater happiness and well-being. Then Collins and her colleagues did another analysis, using data from a mobile app that 21,644 French-speaking people used to report on their daily social activities and happiness. There, they found that when someone experienced greater-than-average social diversity one week, they were happier that week and the week after. Why is that? It could be that being with different people contributes to different kinds of emotions, which may be a driving force in our happiness, says Collins. Alternatively, it could be that having a more diverse network allows you to get various social supports when you need it. Whatever the case, Collins hopes her research will inspire people to expand their social networks when they can. 51. What does the author use as an introduction to the passage? A. A personal communication skill. B. A social trend against one’s will. C. A common social phenomenon. D. A culture many people neglect. 52. What do we know about the study? A. Its results were different from culture to culture. B. Different results were obtained from the researchers’ three surveys. C. The researchers collected large amounts of data from different platforms. D. It focused on the impact of a more diverse social network on life satisfaction. 53. What can we learn from the 3rd and 4th paragraph? A. Any stranger or co-worker can bring you happiness. B. Broad social circle contributes to more happiness. C. Happiness depends only on social interactions. D. Close relationship influences happiness badly. 54. How may social diversity improve one’s well-being according to Collins? A. By providing motivation for life. B. By leading to one’s balanced life. C. By arousing one’s positive emotions. D. By making him / her sensitive to happiness. 55. What will be most probably talked about after the last paragraph? A. Collins’s social life. B. Collins’s conclusions. C. Collins’s new research. D. Collins’s specific suggestions. 第Ⅱ卷（35分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Graduating from high school is a momentous occasion in any young person’s life, and many choose to have a big party to celebrate those four years of hard work. However, Leanne Carrasco, a Texas teen, decided that she didn’t want a party for herself, and instead she chose to host a pizza party for the homeless as a way to celebrate her big day. The teen explained why she made a decision to think of others instead of herself on such a milestone occasion. She said, “Not a lot of people have the same options as me. There are a lot of people who need help. So I give it.” Although Carrasco had volunteered at the Star of Hope’s Women and Family Development Center with her family over the years, this time she decided to enlist the help of friends and fellow students to pull off the party. Not only did Carrasco provide about 90 pizzas for the residents of the shelter but she and her friends also collected 400 personal care bags to give out to those in need. Clearly, Carrasco’s actions had an impact on the shelter residents and the administration. “The teens had respect for these people.” Scott Arthur, a spokesman for Star of Hope said. “The residents saw this as a proof that people do care. To express their gratitude, they gave Carrasco a standing ovation (鼓掌欢呼) while many lined up to give the teenager hug and personally thanked her for her thoughtfulness.” All in all, Carrasco and her friends served lunch to about 200 people during their pizza party. “It was a very magical day,” Arthur said. “It gives you a hope for the youth of today. They (the high schoolers) were able to think of other people.” 56. How did Carrasco celebrate her high school graduation day?(no more than 15 words) 57. Why did Carrasco choose to think of others instead of herself?(no more than 10 words) 58. What does the underlined word “enlist” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?(1 word) 59. How did residents of the shelter feel about Carrasco’s actions?(no more than 10 words) 60. How would you like to celebrate your high school graduation day? Please explain.(no more than 20 words) 第二节：书面表达（共25分） 61. 学校图书馆需要购置一批新书， 现向学生征求意见。假如你是李越，你认为学校图书馆最需要购置科普类图书（popular science books）和文学类图书（literary books）。请你用英语给图书馆王老师写一封100—120词的信，推荐这两类书，并分别说明推荐理由。 注意：信的抬头与落款已给出（不计入词数）。 Dear Mr. Wang, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Yue 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年第二学期 期中考试 高二英语试卷 （满分150分，120分钟） I卷 （115分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.How will the woman go to the shopping center? A. By car. B. By bus. C. On foot. 2.What did the woman do last Sunday? A. She went to hospital. B. She went camping C. She stayed at home. 3. What will the man probably do on Saturday? A.Study hard. B. Play outside. C. Take an exam. 4.When did Paul and Susan get married? A. Last summer. B. A week ago. C. This January. 5. What does the man mean? AHis violin is perfect. B. He is forgetful. C. He practices a lot. 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6 至第8小题 6. Why does the man call the woman? A. To invite her to a trip. B. To ask for help. C. To make an apology. 7.What does the woman offer to do? A. Water the plants. B. Wash the cats. C. Clean the house. 8.What will the man probably do tonight? A. Work from home. B.Leave for Florida. C. Go to the woman's place 听下面一段对话，回答第9 至第11 小题。 9. What are the speakers talking about? A. Buying a birthday gift. B. Preparing for a holiday. C. Celebrating Father's Day. 10. What do we know about the speakers' father? A. He has no watch. B. He is fond of music. C. He likes wearing jewelry. 11.What will the speakers probably do? A. Draw a picture. B. Go to a concert. C. Get a digital camera. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. What was in the spot in the past? A. A parking lot. B. A fish pond. C. A local store. 13.When do people come to work in the garden? A.On Saturday mornings. B. On Saturday afternoons. C. On Sunday mornings. 14.Which of the following events does the speaker mention? A. Music lessons. B. Gardening classes. C. Birthday parties. 15. How does the speaker fee about the garden? A.Curious. B. Worried. C. Proud. 二．单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. — Shall I help you with the cooking? — _______. I can manage. A. Don’t bother B. With pleasure C. All right D. I’m afraid not 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——需要我帮你做饭吗？——不用麻烦了。我自己能行。A. Don’t bother不用麻烦了；B. With pleasure乐意效劳；C. All right好吧；D. I’m afraid not恐怕不行。根据下文“I can manage.”可知，此处表示婉拒对方的帮助，A选项符合语境。故选A。 2. I was given three books on cooking, the first I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：我得到了三本关于烹饪的书，第一本我非常喜欢。the first I really enjoyed.是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是three books on cooking，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，排除C；介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which，排除A；表示“.…..中”，用介词of，故选B。 3. Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A. is given B. are given C. was given D. were given 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和她的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知，应用过去时，排除选项A和B；本句的主语是Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。 4. We have already bought the house but we won’t _______ it until May. A. make room for B. take possession of C. drink a toast to D. become a target for 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。 句意：我们已经买了这所房子，但要到五月份才会入住（拥有它）。A. make room for 为……腾出空间； B. take possession of拥有，占有； C. drink a toast to为……干杯； D. become a target for成为……的目标。 根据前文“已经买了房子”以及“but”表示转折，说明虽然买了但还没实际拥有、入住。故选B。 5. I was really anxious about you. You_____ have left home without a word. A. must B. should C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很担心你。你不应该一声不吭就离开家。A. must必须；B. should应该；C. mustn’t禁止；D. shouldn’t不应该。根据“I was really anxious about you”可知，说话者因为对方一声不吭离开家而感到担心，所以这里表达对方本不应该这样做，“shouldn’t have done”表示“本不应该做某事(但实际上做了)”。故选D项。 6. Today, architects continues to explore ways to _______ the beauty of natural forms. A. recycle B. capture C. power D. channel 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，建筑师们继续探索捕捉自然形态之美的方法。A. recycle回收利用；B. capture捕捉，描绘；C. power提供动力；D. channel引导，输送。根据空后“the beauty of natural forms”可知，此处指“捕捉自然形态的美”，B 选项符合句意。故选B。 7. Make sure you save all your work on screen _____ the computer breaks down. A. in case B. in order that C. ever since D. even though 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查连词短语辨析。句意：确保将屏幕上的所有工作保存好，以防电脑出故障。A. in case以防，万一；B. in order that为了，以便；C. ever since自从；D. even though尽管，即使。根据句意可知，此处表示“以防电脑出故障”的意思，引导状语从句，表示一种预防性的措施。故选A项。 8. He established his ______ as an honest businessman while working for IBM. A. reputation B. ambition C. capacity D. motive 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在为IBM工作期间，他建立了诚实商人的声誉。A. reputation声誉；B. ambition雄心；C. capacity能力；D. motive动机。由“as an honest businessman”可知，句子表示“在为IBM工作期间，他建立了诚实商人的声誉”，空格处意为“声誉”。故选A。 9. In spite of _________ has been said, quite a lot of people are still uncertain about the state of the country’s economy. A. what B. which C. that D. as 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：不管人们怎么说，很多人仍然对国家的经济状况不确定。本句为宾语从句，且从句中缺少主语，指事物，故用what。故选A。 10. Sarah loves reading classical literature, _____ the works of Jane Austen, which she finds truly inspiring. A. above all B. on the contrary C. in contrast to D. in particular 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：萨拉喜欢阅读古典文学，特别是简·奥斯汀的作品，她觉得这些作品真正鼓舞人心。A. above all首先，首要；B. on the contrary相反；C. in contrast to与……形成对比；D. in particular特别是，尤其。根据“which she finds truly inspiring”可知，萨拉喜欢古典文学，尤其是简·奥斯汀的作品。因此，空格处需要填入一个表示“尤其是”的短语。故选D项。 11. The police searched the area for several days. ________, they found the piece of evidence they were looking for. A. Generally B. Originally C. Eventually D. Unfortunately 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：警察在这一地区搜查了好几天。最终，他们找到了他们一直在努力寻找的证据。A. Generally通常，普遍地；B. Originally起初，原来，独创地；C. Eventually最终；D. Unfortunately不幸地。分析句意，警察一直在努力找证据，努力有了结果，最终找到了，故选C。 12. ________ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. A. To throw B. Thrown C. Being thrown D. Throwing 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查现在分词做状语。句意：获胜球队的粉丝把帽子扔到天空，他们发出胜利的欢呼。分析句子结构可知，逗号前的部分充当状语，故用非谓语动词，the fans和throw是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故选Ｄ。 13. Although some people like to ______ their wealth, income is a very private matter for most Americans. A. show off B. bring up C. settle down D. set aside 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管有些人喜欢炫耀他们的财富，但对大多数美国人来说，收入是一个非常私人的问题。A. show off炫耀；B. bring up提出，抚养；C. settle down安顿下来，平静下来；D. set aside留出，不顾。根据句意，这里表示有些人喜欢炫耀他们的财富。故选A项。 14. Make a note of the questions you want to ask. _______ , you’ll forget some of them. A. Otherwise B. However C. Moreover D. Therefore 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：把你想问的问题记下来，否则你会忘记其中一些。A. Otherwise 否则；B. However 然而；C. Moreover 此外；D. Therefore 因此。结合句意可知，这是前一句情况不成立时的结果，因此用 Otherwise“否则”衔接。故选 A。 15. .Ladex does’t feel like abroad.Her parents are old. A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Ladex不喜欢去国外学习，她的父母老了。feel like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，是固定短语，故用动名词作宾语。故选B。 三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 After graduating from college, I was eager to travel. As I chatted with a friend, I mentioned my ___16___ to her and said I’d like to have a part time job while traveling. She told me that her brother Jack working in Alaska could ___17___ me. Thanks to Jack’s guidance, I applied for a job in a restaurant and had an online job interview the next day. Within one week, I ___18___ the job in that restaurant. My dream of traveling alone finally became a ___19___, and I almost could not properly describe how ___20___ I was. On the plane to Alaska, I ___21___ that I would work with friendly employees during my short stay there. However, things turned out to be not so ___22___ as I had expected. While working in that restaurant, I ___23___ workplace bullying which I had never heard before, and I was the ___24___. One of the employees often made fun of me and treated me ____25____. Sometimes, he even used physical violence, but I was too ____26____ to turn to others for help. During that period, every day, I thought about ____27____ and getting back to my friends and families. But life threw people in a mud puddle once in a while and their character was developed by ____28____ they handled it. I realized this ____29____ was my mud puddle and I wanted to climb out of it instead of quitting ____30____. I decided to do a good deed every day for him. For example, I opened the door for him when I saw him. My good deeds began to ____31____. After a week, I noticed he ____32____ acting as rudely as before and began to give me ____33____ that I deserved. I continued to do everything I could to make my life easier. He treated me as a friend at last. I have learned a valuable lesson on how to ____34____ bullies. Good actions give strength to ourselves and ____35____ good actions in others. 16. A. job B. interview C. desire D. experience 17. A. help B. replace C. accept D. remember 18. A. created B. hoped C. missed D. obtained 19. A. suggestion B. reality C. mistake D. promise 20. A. friendly B. romantic C. excited D. attractive 21. A. imagined B. concluded C. promised D. explained 22. A. formal B. good C. difficult D. special 23. A. experienced B. limited C. described D. expected 24. A. criminal B. sponsor C. victim D. director 25. A. honestly B. faithfully C. patiently D. rudely 26. A. frightened B. reliable C. sensitive D. violent 27. A. settling down B. giving up C. holding on D. paying off 28. A. where B. when C. how D. why 29. A. immigration B. separation C. revolution D. situation 30. A. naturally B. stubbornly C. easily D. gradually 31. A. fail B. work C. start D. finish 32. A. stopped B. considered C. suggested D. continued 33. A. confidence B. respect C. independence D. responsibility 34. A. observe B. suspect C. prove D. handle 35. A. require B. inspire C. admit D. forbid 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在阿拉斯加工作时，经历了职场欺凌。但她没有轻易放弃工作，而是通过善行来改变同事的态度，最终获得了应得的尊重。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我和一个朋友聊天时，我向她提到了我的愿望，并说我想在旅行的同时做一份兼职。A. job工作；B. interview面试，采访；C. desire欲望，愿望；D. experience经验，经历。根据上文“I was eager to travel”可知，这是作者的愿望。故选C。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我，她在阿拉斯加工作的哥哥杰克可以帮助我。A. help帮助；B. replace代替；C. accept接受；D. remember记得。根据下文“Thanks to Jack’s guidance, I applied for a job in a restaurant and had an online job interview the next day.”可知，朋友告诉作者她在阿拉斯加的哥哥可以帮忙。故选A。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个星期内，我得到了那个餐厅的一份工作。A. created创造；B. hoped希望；C. missed想念，错过；D. obtained获得。根据上文“I applied for a job in a restaurant”和下文“While working in that restaurant”可知，此处是指作者申请工作后，在一个星期内得到了餐厅的一份工作。故选D。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我独自旅行的梦想终于成为了现实，我几乎无法描述我有多兴奋。A. suggestion建议；B. reality现实；C. mistake错误；D. promise诺言。根据下文“On the plane to Alaska”和“I would work with friendly employees during my short stay there.”可知，作者去阿拉斯加上班，由此可知，她独自旅行的梦想成为了现实。故选B。 【20题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我独自旅行的梦想终于成为了现实，我几乎无法描述我有多兴奋。A. friendly友好的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. excited兴奋的；D. attractive有吸引力的。根据上文“After graduating from college, I was eager to travel.”可知，多年的梦想得以实现，作者应该是非常兴奋的。故选C。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在飞往阿拉斯加的飞机上，我想象着在那里短暂停留期间，我将与友好的员工一起工作。A. imagined 想象；B. concluded总结，推断；C. promised承诺；D. explained解释。根据“On the plane to Alaska”可知，与友好的员工一起工作是作者想象的。且下文“as I had expected”也是提示。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，事情并没有我想象的那么好。A. formal正式的；B. good好的；C. difficult困难的；D. special特殊的。根据下文“workplace bullying”可知，事情并没有作者想象中的那么好。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那家餐厅工作期间，我经历了从未听说过的职场欺凌，我是受害者。A. experienced经历；B. limited限制；C. described描述；D. expected期待。根据“workplace bullying”可知，此处是指作者经历了职场欺凌。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那家餐厅工作期间，我经历了从未听说过的职场欺凌，我是受害者。A. criminal罪犯；B. sponsor赞助者；C. victim受害者；D. director导演，负责人。根据下文“One of the employees often made fun of me”可知，作者是职场欺凌的受害者。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：其中一个员工经常取笑我，对我很粗鲁。A. honestly诚实地；B. faithfully忠诚地；C. patiently耐心地；D. rudely粗鲁地。根据上文“One of the employees often made fun of me”可知，一个员工常常取笑作者。由此推知，该员工对作者也很粗鲁。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时，他甚至会使用暴力，但我太害怕了，不敢向别人求助。A. frightened害怕的；B. reliable可靠的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. violent暴力的，猛烈的。根据下文“to turn to others for help”推知，作者太害怕了以至于不敢向别人求助。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我每天都想放弃，想回到朋友和家人身边。A. settling down安定，镇定；B. giving up放弃；C. holding on坚持；D. paying off还清，回报。根据下文“getting back to my friends and families.”推知，作者想要放弃餐厅的工作。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：但生活偶尔会把人扔进泥坑，他们的性格是由他们处理泥坑的方式塑造的。A. where何地，哪儿；B. when何时；C. how如何；D. why为什么。空处引导宾语从句，从句成分完整，结合句意，需要方式状语，故用how引导。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到这是我的泥坑，我想爬出来，而不是轻易放弃。A. immigration想象力，想象；B. separation分离，分开；C. revolution改革；D. situation情况，状况。结合上文作者被同事职场欺凌可知，这是作者所遇到的情况。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我意识到这是我的泥坑，我想爬出来，而不是轻易放弃。A. naturally自然而然地；B. stubbornly固执地；C. easily容易地，轻易地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据上文“I wanted to climb out of it instead of”推知，作者认为自己应该爬出泥潭，而不是轻易放弃。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的善行开始奏效。A. fail失败；B. work工作，起作用；C. start开始；D. finish完成。根据下文“He treated me as a friend at last.”同事对作者态度的转变可知，作者的善行开始奏效了。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一周后，我注意到他不再像以前那样粗鲁，开始给我应得的尊重。A. stopped停止；B. considered考虑，认为；C. suggested建议；D. continued继续。根据下文“He treated me as a friend at last.”可知，同事不再欺凌作者，即他停止了以前的粗鲁行为。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一周后，我注意到他不再像以前那样粗鲁，开始给我应得的尊重。A. confidence信心；B. respect尊重；C. independence独立；D. responsibility责任 。呼应上文同事粗鲁对待作者，此处是指他的态度转变后给了作者应有的尊重。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学到了如何对付欺凌者的宝贵一课。A. observe 观察，遵守；B. suspect怀疑；C. prove证明；D. handle解决，应对。根据上文“I continued to do everything I could to make my life easier. He treated me as a friend at last.”可知，作者通过自己的努力解决了职场欺凌。且上文的“they handled it”也是提示。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：好的行为会给我们自己带来力量，也会激励他人做出好的行为。A. require要求；B. inspire启发，激励；C. admit承认，录取；D. forbid禁止。结合上文作者用自己的善行影响同事，最终改变同事的欺凌行为可知，此处是指好的行为不仅给自己带来力量，也激励他人做出好的行为。故选B。 四．阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Short Story Competition The V. S. Pritchett Short Story Prize The V. S. Pritchett Short Story Prize held by the Royal Society of Literature (RSL) annually is currently open for entries. Entries from those over 18 years old who are resident in the UK are welcome. Closes: 20 August Word limit: 2,000 — 4,000 words Entry fee: Free Prize: £1,000 and publication in Prospect online The Tasmanian Writers’ Prize Since 2009, Forty South Publishing has awarded writers the Tasmanian Writers’ Prize for the most outstanding short story submitted into this competition. Entries from Australian and New Zealand residents are welcome. Closes: 15 February Word limit: 3,000 — 4,000 words Entry fee: $20 Prize: $500 and publication in Forty South The Nature Writing Prize Created by the Nature Conservancy Australia, the Nature Writing Prize is open for submissions. Writers,18 years and older, are invited to write an essay to explore their relationship and interaction with the Australian landscape. Closes: 19 February Word limit: 3,000 — 5,000 words Entry fee: $25 Prize: $7,500 and publication in Griffith Review online The Stringybark Open Short Story Award Stringybark Publishing is asking writers to enter a short story into the Stringybark Open Short Story Award. The judges are looking for a story written for an audience of 16 years and older. Closes: 31 January Word limit: 1,500 — 1,800 words Entry fee:$14 for 1 story, $26 for 2 stories, $36 for 3 stories (max) Prize: Over $1,000 in cash and books 36. What do we know about the competition held by the RSL? A It is free for participants. B. Its deadline is 19 February. C. It is open for writers across the world. D. Its entries are for readers of 18 years or older. 37. Which is TRUE about the Tasmanian Writers’ Prize? A. It has an entry fee of $25. B. It has a history of 20 years. C. Its winner can get his story published. D. It welcomes entries from residents in the UK. 38. What is the word limit for stories exploring the human-nature relationship? A. 1,500 — 1,800 words. B. 2,000 — 4,000 words. C. 3,000 — 4,000 words D. 3,000 — 5,000 words. 39. Which competition awards its winners cash and books? A. The Nature Writing Prize. B. The Tasmanian Writers’ Prize. C. The V. S. Pritchett Short Story Prize. D. The Stringybark Open Short Story Award. 40. How many competitions have age requirement for participants? A. 1 B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. 【答案】36. A 37. C 38. D 39. D 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了四个不同的短篇小说比赛的相关信息。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据The V. S. Pritchett Short Story Prize部分中的“Entry fee: Free(报名费：免费)”可知，由皇家文学学会举办的这个比赛对参赛者是免费的。故选A。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Tasmanian Writers’ Prize部分中的“Prize: $500 and publication in Forty South(奖金：500美元，并在《Forty South》上发表)”可知，该竞赛的获奖者可以得到500美元的奖金，并且作品会在Forty South上发表。故选C。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据 The Nature Writing Prize 部分的“Writers,18 years and older, are invited to write an essay to explore their relationship and interaction with the Australian landscape.(邀请18岁及以上的作家撰写一篇文章，探讨他们与澳大利亚地貌景观之间的关系及互动)”以及“Word limit: 3,000—5,000 words(字数限制：3000至5000字)”可知，探索人与自然关系的故事的字数限制是3000到5000字。故选D。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据 The Stringybark Open Short Story Award 部分的“Prize: Over $1,000 in cash and books(奖品：现金超过 1000 美元以及一些书籍)”可知，The Stringybark Open Short Story Award比赛会奖励获胜者现金和书籍。故选D。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据The V. S. Pritchett Short Story Prize部分中“Entries from those over 18 years old who are resident in the UK are welcome.(欢迎居住在英国且年龄在 18 岁以上的人士参赛投稿)”以及The Nature Writing Prize部分中“Writers,18 years and older, are invited to write an essay to explore their relationship and interaction with the Australian landscape.(邀请年满 18 岁及以上的作家撰写一篇文章，以探究他们与澳大利亚地貌景观之间的关系和互动)”可知，有两个竞赛对参赛者的年龄有要求。故选B。 B Edmund Percival Hillary was one of the greatest explorers of the twentieth century. He was born in Auckland New Zealand, in 1919. He discovered an interest in mountain climbing while he was still in high school and began climbing New Zealand’s Southern Alps. Like his father, Hillary earned his living as a beekeeper. However, he continued to climb mountains. His goal was to climb Mt. Everest, which is the highest mountain in the world. By the early 1950s, several expeditions (远征) had attempted to reach the summit of Everest, but all had failed. Then, in 1953, Hillary and a Nepalese (尼泊尔的) climber named Tenzing Norgay became the first two people to reach the top of the world. Hillary’s spirit of exploration was not satisfied. He joined an expedition to Antarctica and reached the South Pole in 1958. He also made an expedition up the Ganges River to its source in the Himalayas. Sir Edmund Hillary was a brave adventurer. He went where no man or woman had gone before. Although Hillary was best known as the young man who climbed to the summit of Mt. Everest in the 1950s, he continued his journeys to far-off places into his senior years. For instance, in his mid-sixties Hillary flew to the North Pole with Neil Armstrong, the first man on the moon. Moreover, Hillary authored many books. However, his most lasting gift, perhaps, was the Sir Edmund Hillary Himalayan Trust (信托基金). It raised millions of dollars and contributed to schools, hospitals and many other public improvements in the Sherpa villages of Nepal. In January 2008, Sir Edmund Hillary died at the age of 88. Despite being a great adventurer and known for the treasure he left, Sir Edmund Hillary always modestly referred to himself as a simple beekeeper from New Zealand. 41. What was Hillary interested in when he was in high school? A. Mountain-climbing. B. Bee-keeping. C. Money-raising. D. Story-writing. 42. Hillary became well-known because ________. A. he reached both the South Pole and the North Pole B. he was the first to reach the top of Mt. Everest C. he lived in places where no humans had gone D. he made a lot of money as a beekeeper 43. ________ is the right order of Hillaryˈs expeditions. a．He traveled to the source of the Ganges River. b．He climbed New Zealandˈs Southern Alps. c．He reached the summit of Everest. d．He explored the North Pole. A. a-c-d-b B. b-d-c-a C. a-b-c-d D. b-c-a-d 44. We can learn from the passage that Hillary is ________. A. outgoing and fearless B. talented and honest C. determined and caring D. hardworking and careful 45. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Hillary was the greatest explorer of the twentieth century. B. Hillary reached the top of of Everest in his thirties. C. Hillary showed no interest in charity in his life. D. Hillary was a simple beekeeper from New Zealand. 【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了20世纪最伟大的探险家之一埃德蒙·佩里·希拉里（Edmund Percival Hillary）的生平事迹。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“He discovered an interest in mountain climbing while he was still in high school and began climbing New Zealand’s Southern Alps.(他在高中时期就对登山产生了兴趣，并开始攀登新西兰的南阿尔卑斯山脉。)”可知，希拉里在高中时发现了对登山运动的兴趣。故选A项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Then, in 1953, Hillary and a Nepalese climber named Tenzing Norgay became the first two people to reach the top of the world.( 随后，在 1953 年，希拉里和一位名叫滕津·诺盖的尼泊尔登山者成为了首批登上世界之巅的两个人。)”可知，希拉里成为知名人士是因为他是第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰的人。故选B项。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“He discovered an interest in mountain climbing while he was still in high school and began climbing New Zealand’s Southern Alps.( 他在高中时期就对登山产生了兴趣，并开始攀登新西兰的南阿尔卑斯山脉。)”以及第二段“By the early 1950s, several expeditions (远征) had attempted to reach the summit of Everest, but all had failed. Then, in 1953, Hillary and a Nepalese (尼泊尔的) climber named Tenzing Norgay became the first two people to reach the top of the world.( 到 20 世纪 50 年代初，已有数次远征队试图攀登珠穆朗玛峰的峰顶，但都以失败告终。随后，在 1953 年，希拉里和一位名叫滕津·诺盖的尼泊尔登山者成为了首批登上世界之巅的两人。)”以及根据第三段“He joined an expedition to Antarctica and reached the South Pole in 1958. He also made an expedition up the Ganges River to its source in the Himalayas. (他参加了前往南极洲的探险活动，并于 1958 年抵达南极点。他还曾沿着恒河向上游跋涉，直至其发源地——喜马拉雅山脉。)”以及根据最后一段“Although Hillary was best known as the young man who climbed to the summit of Mt. Everest in the 1950s, he continued his journeys to far-off places into his senior years. For instance, in his mid-sixties Hillary flew to the North Pole with Neil Armstrong, the first man on the moon. (尽管希拉里最为人所知的是他在 20 世纪 50 年代成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰的事迹，但他在晚年仍继续前往世界各地的遥远之地旅行。例如，在他六十几岁时，希拉里与尼尔·阿姆斯特朗一同飞往北极，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗是首位登上月球的人。)”可知，希拉里的探险经历顺序为：他攀登了新西兰的南阿尔卑斯山；他登上了珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰；他远征恒河，到达了喜马拉雅山脉的源头；他探索了北极。因此正确的顺序是b-c-a-d。故选D项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“However, he continued to climb mountains. His goal was to climb Mt. Everest, which is the highest mountain in the world. By the early 1950s, several expeditions (远征) had attempted to reach the summit of Everest, but all had failed. Then, in 1953, Hillary and a Nepalese (尼泊尔的) climber named Tenzing Norgay became the first two people to reach the top of the world.( 然而，他依然坚持登山。他的目标是攀登珠穆朗玛峰，这是世界上最高的山峰。在 20 世纪 50 年代初，有多次远征队试图登上珠穆朗玛峰的山顶，但都以失败告终。随后，在 1953 年，希拉里和一位名叫滕津·诺盖的尼泊尔登山者成为了首批登上世界之巅的人。)”可知，他坚持自己的目标，如攀登珠穆朗玛峰，同时根据倒数第二段“Moreover, Hillary authored many books. However, his most lasting gift, perhaps, was the Sir Edmund Hillary Himalayan Trust(信托基金). It raised millions of dollars and contributed to schools, hospitals and many other public improvements in the Sherpa villages of Nepal. (此外，希拉里还著有多部著作。然而，他留下的最持久的遗产或许就是埃德蒙·希拉里爵士喜马拉雅信托基金。该基金筹集了数百万美元，并用于资助尼泊尔夏尔巴村的学校、医院以及许多其他公共设施建设。)”可知，希拉里喜马拉雅信托基金为尼泊尔的夏尔巴村学校、医院和其他公共设施做出贡献。故希拉里是一个坚定且有爱心的人。故选C项。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“He was born in Auckland, New Zealand, in 1919.(他于 1919 年出生在新西兰的奥克兰。)”以及第二段“By the early 1950s, several expeditions (远征) had attempted to reach the summit of Everest, but all had failed. Then, in 1953, Hillary and a Nepalese (尼泊尔的) climber named Tenzing Norgay became the first two people to reach the top of the world.(到 20 世纪 50 年代初，已有数次远征队试图攀登珠穆朗玛峰的峰顶，但都以失败告终。随后，在 1953 年，希拉里和一位名叫滕津·诺盖的尼泊尔登山者成为了首批登上世界之巅的两人。)”可知，希拉里出生于1919年，于1953年成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰，大约在其30岁左右。故选B。 C The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs. Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection. Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority. Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures. 46. What does the author say about silence in conversations? A. It implies anger. B. It promotes friendship. C. It is culture-specific. D. It is content-based. 47. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought? A. The Chinese. B. The French. C. The Mexicans. D. The Russians. 48. Which of the following statements is true according to paragraph 2 and 3? A. Americans may view silence as a sign of respect to the old. B. Mexicans may remain silent to avoid appearing disrespectful. C. In Asian cultures, silence is primarily used to signal agreement in discussions. D. Silence in all cultures implies a lack of interest in the topic being discussed. 49. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence? A. Let it continue as the patient pleases. B. Break it while treating patients. C. Evaluate its harm to patients. D. Make use of its healing effects. 50. What may be the best title for the text? A. Sound and Silence. B. What It Means to Be Silent. C. Silence to Native Americans. D. Speech Is Silver, Silence Is Gold. 【答案】46. C 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了沉默在不同文化中的不同含义，并探讨了护士如何在护理中正确处理沉默。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章中第一段的句子“Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.(沉默可能被一些文化群体视为极其不舒服；因此，可以尝试用对话来填补每一个空白。其他文化群体的人看重沉默，认为沉默是理解一个人需求的必要条件。)”可知，沉默具有文化特异性，有些文化认为沉默是必要的，而有些文化则认为沉默令人不安。故选C项。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章中第二段的句子“Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.(许多印第安人重视沉默，认为这是人与人之间交流的基本组成部分，就像一些传统的中国人和泰国人一样。因此，当一个来自这些文化的人正在讲话时，突然停下来，可能是在暗示这个人希望听者在继续之前考虑一下他说了什么。)”可知，中国人可能会将沉默视为深思的信号。故选A项。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章中第三段的句子“However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.(然而，墨西哥人在受到权威人士的指示时可能会保持沉默，而不是粗鲁地与他或她争论。)”可知，墨西哥人可能会保持沉默以避免显得不尊重权威。故选B项。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章中最后一段的句子“A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.(了解沉默的治疗价值的护士可以利用这种理解来帮助照顾来自自己和其他文化的病人。)”可知，作者建议护士利用沉默的治愈价值来协助护理。故选D项。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章的整体内容，特别是第一段的句子“Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.(沉默可能被一些文化群体视为极其不舒服；因此，可以尝试用对话来填补每一个空白。其他文化群体的人看重沉默，认为沉默是理解一个人需求的必要条件。)”可知，文章主要讨论了沉默在不同文化中的含义及其在护理中的应用。所以，B项“What It Means to Be Silent(沉默意味着什么)”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选B项。 D Like many people, in terms of socializing, I prioritize making time for my closest friends and family. When it comes to reaching out to people I don’t know as well I often find myself reluctant to engage. This could be a big mistake, though, according to a new study. Having different types of social interactions seems to be central to our happiness — something many of us may think little of. In a series of surveys, researchers looked at how having a socially diverse network related to people’s well-being. In one survey, 578 Americans reported on what activities they had been engaged in, with whom and for how long over the past 24 hours, while also saying how happy with life they were. The researchers found that people with more diverse social networks were happier and more satisfied with life than those with less diverse networks — regardless of how much time they had spent socializing overall. “The more you can broaden your social circle and reach out to people you talk to less frequently — like an acquaintance, a friend, a coworker, or even a stranger — the more it could have positive benefits for your well-being,” said the lead researcher Hanne Collins of Harvard Business School. To further test this idea, she and her colleagues looked at large data sets from the American Time Use Survey and the World Health Organization’s Study on Global Aging and Adult Health. In both cases, they found that when people had a broader range of social interactions, they experienced greater happiness and well-being. Then Collins and her colleagues did another analysis, using data from a mobile app that 21,644 French-speaking people used to report on their daily social activities and happiness. There, they found that when someone experienced greater-than-average social diversity one week, they were happier that week and the week after. Why is that? It could be that being with different people contributes to different kinds of emotions, which may be a driving force in our happiness, says Collins. Alternatively, it could be that having a more diverse network allows you to get various social supports when you need it. Whatever the case, Collins hopes her research will inspire people to expand their social networks when they can. 51. What does the author use as an introduction to the passage? A. A personal communication skill. B. A social trend against one’s will. C. A common social phenomenon. D A culture many people neglect. 52. What do we know about the study? A. Its results were different from culture to culture. B. Different results were obtained from the researchers’ three surveys. C. The researchers collected large amounts of data from different platforms. D. It focused on the impact of a more diverse social network on life satisfaction. 53. What can we learn from the 3rd and 4th paragraph? A Any stranger or co-worker can bring you happiness. B. Broad social circle contributes to more happiness. C. Happiness depends only on social interactions. D. Close relationship influences happiness badly. 54. How may social diversity improve one’s well-being according to Collins? A. By providing motivation for life. B. By leading to one’s balanced life. C. By arousing one’s positive emotions. D. By making him / her sensitive to happiness. 55. What will be most probably talked about after the last paragraph? A. Collins’s social life. B. Collins’s conclusions. C. Collins’s new research. D. Collins’s specific suggestions. 【答案】51. C 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究者发现拥有多样化社交网络的人拥有更强的幸福感。 【51题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Like many people, in terms of socializing, I prioritize making time for my closest friends and family. When it comes to reaching out to people I don’t know as well I often find myself reluctant to engage. This could be a big mistake, though, according to a new study. Having different types of social interactions seems to be central to our happiness — something many of us may think little of.”（像许多人一样，在社交方面，我优先考虑为我最亲密的朋友和家人腾出时间。当涉及到接触我不太了解的人时，我经常发现自己不愿意参与。然而，根据一项新的研究，这可能是一个很大的错误。拥有不同类型的社会互动似乎是我们幸福的核心——这是我们许多人可能很少想到的。）可知，作者用“人们优先考虑为最亲密的朋友和家人腾出时间”这一个普遍的社会现象来作为文章的引言，引出“不同类型的社会互动似乎是我们幸福的核心”这一观点。故选C项。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In a series of surveys, researchers looked at how having a socially diverse network related to people’s well-being.”（在一系列的调查中，研究人员观察了拥有一个社会多样化的社交网络是如何与人们的幸福感产生关系的。）可知，这个研究关注的是多样化的社交网络对幸福感的影响，幸福感与生活满意相关。故选D项。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“‘The more you can broaden your social circle and reach out to people you talk to less frequently — like an acquaintance, a friend, a coworker, or even a stranger — the more it could have positive benefits for your well-being,’ said the lead researcher Hanne Collins of Harvard Business School.”（哈佛大学的首席研究员汉娜·柯林斯说：“你越能拓宽自己的社交圈就越能接触到那些你不太经常交谈的人——比如熟人、朋友、同事、甚至是陌生人——它对你的幸福就越有积极的好处，”）和第四段“In both cases, they found that when people had a broader range of social interactions, they experienced greater happiness and well-being.”（在这两种情况下，他们发现当人们有更广泛的社会互动他们会体验到更大的幸福感和幸福。）可知，这两段都是为了说明拥有更广泛社交圈子有助于拥有更多幸福。故选B项。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“It could be that being with different people contributes to different kinds of emotions, which may be a driving force in our happiness, says Collins.”（可能和不同的人在一起会导致不同的情绪，这可能是我们幸福的驱动力，柯林斯说。）可知，社交多样性会使人产生不同的情绪，而不同的情绪会成为幸福的驱动力。C项中“积极的情绪”也是社交多样性产生的情绪之一，也可以说社交多样性是通过引起人们的积极情绪来提高人的幸福感。故选C项。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Whatever the case, Collins hopes her research will inspire people to expand their social networks when they can.”（无论在怎样的事例中，柯林斯希望她的研究能激励人们尽可能扩大自己的社交网络。）可知，柯林斯希望人们扩大自己的社交网络，由此推断接下来作者可能会就如何扩大社交网络给出一些特别的建议。故选D项。 第Ⅱ卷（35分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Graduating from high school is a momentous occasion in any young person’s life, and many choose to have a big party to celebrate those four years of hard work. However, Leanne Carrasco, a Texas teen, decided that she didn’t want a party for herself, and instead she chose to host a pizza party for the homeless as a way to celebrate her big day. The teen explained why she made a decision to think of others instead of herself on such a milestone occasion. She said, “Not a lot of people have the same options as me. There are a lot of people who need help. So I give it.” Although Carrasco had volunteered at the Star of Hope’s Women and Family Development Center with her family over the years, this time she decided to enlist the help of friends and fellow students to pull off the party. Not only did Carrasco provide about 90 pizzas for the residents of the shelter but she and her friends also collected 400 personal care bags to give out to those in need. Clearly, Carrasco’s actions had an impact on the shelter residents and the administration. “The teens had respect for these people.” Scott Arthur, a spokesman for Star of Hope said. “The residents saw this as a proof that people do care. To express their gratitude, they gave Carrasco a standing ovation (鼓掌欢呼) while many lined up to give the teenager hug and personally thanked her for her thoughtfulness.” All in all, Carrasco and her friends served lunch to about 200 people during their pizza party. “It was a very magical day,” Arthur said. “It gives you a hope for the youth of today. They (the high schoolers) were able to think of other people.” 56. How did Carrasco celebrate her high school graduation day?(no more than 15 words) 57. Why did Carrasco choose to think of others instead of herself?(no more than 10 words) 58. What does the underlined word “enlist” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?(1 word) 59. How did residents of the shelter feel about Carrasco’s actions?(no more than 10 words) 60. How would you like to celebrate your high school graduation day? Please explain.(no more than 20 words) 【答案】56. By hosting a pizza party for the homeless. 57. Because she thought a lot of people needed help. 58. Gain. 59. They were grateful and excited. 60. To hang out with my friends. Because it's difficult for us to meet again. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。德克萨斯州的青少年Leanne Carrasco为无家可归者举办披萨派对，以此来庆祝自己的高中毕业。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“However, Leanne Carrasco, a Texas teen, decided that she didn’t want a party for herself, and instead she chose to host a pizza party for the homeless as a way to celebrate her big day.”(然而，德克萨斯州的青少年Leanne Carrasco决定，她不想为自己举办派对，而是选择为无家可归者举办披萨派对，以此来庆祝自己的大喜日子。)可知，Carrasco为无家可归者举办了一个披萨派对，以此来庆祝她的高中毕业日。根据要求，答案不超过10个单词。故答案为By hosting a pizza party for the homeless. 【57题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段倒第二句“There are a lot of people who need help.”(有很多人需要帮助。)可知，因为她认为很多人需要帮助，所以选择考虑别人而不是自己。根据“Why did”可知，此处应用一般过去时。根据要求，答案不超过10个单词。故答案为Because she thought a lot of people needed help. 【58题详解】 考查词义猜测。根据第三段第一句中的“the help of friends and fellow students”(朋友和同学的帮助)和最后一句中的“she and her friends also collected 400 personal care bags to give out to those in need”(她和她的朋友们还收集了400个个人护理袋，分发给那些需要帮助的人)可知，她的朋友们也帮助她做这些事，所以此处是指获得朋友和同学的帮助。enlist意为“获得”。根据要求，答案不超过1个单词。故答案为Gain。 【59题详解】 考查推理判断。根据倒第二段最后一句“To express their gratitude, they gave Carrasco a standing ovation (鼓掌欢呼) while many lined up to give the teenager hug and personally thanked her for her thoughtfulness.”(为了表达他们的感激之情，他们起立给Carrasco鼓掌，而许多人排队给青少年拥抱，并亲自感谢她的体贴。)可知，收容所的居民对Carrasco的行动感到感激和兴奋。根据“How did”可知，此处应用一般过去时。根据要求，答案不超过10个单词。故答案为They were grateful and excited. 【60题详解】 考查开放性回答。根据题干可知，考生应先表明想如何庆祝自己的高中毕业，再表明原因。根据要求，答案不超过20个单词。例如，可以说想和朋友们闲逛，原因是以后再见就很难了。故答案为To hang out with my friends. Because it's difficult for us to meet again. 第二节：书面表达（共25分） 61. 学校图书馆需要购置一批新书， 现向学生征求意见。假如你是李越，你认为学校图书馆最需要购置科普类图书（popular science books）和文学类图书（literary books）。请你用英语给图书馆王老师写一封100—120词的信，推荐这两类书，并分别说明推荐理由。 注意：信的抬头与落款已给出（不计入词数）。 Dear Mr. Wang, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Yue 【答案】Dear Mr. Wang, Knowing that our library is going to buy books, I’d like to give some suggestions. What we need most are popular science books. Usually popular science books explain basic principles of nature in a simple and interesting way. They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity about scientific discoveries. In addition to reading for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration. That is why I recommend another category of books: literary books. Classic literary works, written by masters, present great thoughts through fascinating stories and language. They not only offer us joy and excitement, but also encourage us to think critically. I’ll be glad if you can consider my recommendation. Yours sincerely, Li Yue 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生就学校图书馆需要购置的新书提供建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 购买：buy→purchase 建议：suggestion→advice 有趣的：interesting→amusing 推荐：recommend→propose 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Usually popular science books explain basic principles of nature in a simple and interesting way. 拓展句：It is in a simple and interesting way that popular science books explain basic principles of nature . 【点睛】[高分句型1]Knowing that our library is going to buy books, I’d like to give some suggestions.(由that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2]What we need most are popular science books.(由what引导的主语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$