内容正文:
2025年秋季新八年级暑假巩固提升--复习+预习(人教版2024)
预习八年级上册Unit 1 Happy Holiday
内容导航
1、 重点单词 2、重点短语 3、重点句子 4、语法归纳
5、语法专练
重点单词
名词类
1._____________ 风景;景色
2._____________ 假期; 度假
3._____________ 镇; 商业区
4._____________ 呼吸;气息
5._____________ 风景;景色
6._____________ 丝绸; 丝
7._____________ 围巾; 披巾
8._____________ 旅馆; 旅社
9._____________ 天; 天空
10._____________ 胜利; 成功
11._____________ 彩虹
12._____________ 艺术作品; 插图
13._____________ 眼泪
14._____________ 和平; 太平
15._____________ 正午; 中午
16._____________ 车站;所;站
17._____________ 宫殿
18._____________ 手风琴
19._____________ 塔;塔楼
20._____________ 护照
21._____________ 乡村;农村
22._____________ 鹿
动词类
1._____________ 提醒;使想起
2._____________ 忘记
3._____________ 可能;可以
形容词类
1._____________ 古代的;古老的
2._____________ 奇怪的;奇特的
3._____________ 极好的;了不起的
4._____________ 舒服的;舒适的
5._____________ 厌倦的; 烦闷的
6._____________ 生病的; 恶心的
7._____________ 健忘的; 好忘事的
8._____________ 远方的; 遥远的
9._____________ 平常的; 有规律的
10._____________ 惊奇的; 惊讶的
副词类
1._____________ 尤其;特别;格外
2._____________ 容易地;轻易地
3._____________ 很可能; 大概
代词类
1._____________ 没有任何东西; 没有事
介词类
1._____________ 向; 朝
2._____________ 在......期间
3._____________ 反对; 与.....相反; 紧靠
兼词类
1._____________ n.度假营; 营地 v. 露营; 宿营
2._____________ adv.& pron. 在任何地方; 随便哪个地方
3._____________ adj. 准备好的; 现成的 adv. 已做完; 已完成
4._____________ adv.在某处; 到某处 pron.某处; 某个地方
5._____________ n.广场; 正方形 adj. 正方形的; 平方的
6._____________ adj. 俄罗斯的; 俄罗斯人的 n. 俄罗斯人; 俄语
7._____________ n.战斗; 搏斗; 斗争 v.(fought/fɔ:t/)打架; 打仗
8._____________ n.导游; 指南; 手册 v.给某人领路; 指导
9._____________ n.预算 v. 把......编入预算; 精打细算
重点短语
1._______________________________上音乐课
2._______________________________参观古老建筑
3.________________________________看望我的祖父
4.________________________________去爬山
5.________________________________去参加夏令营
6.________________________________返回
7.________________________________去参加草莓节
8.________________________________去度假
9.________________________________看日出
10.________________________________呆在古镇
11.________________________________令人惊叹; 令人叹绝
12.________________________________拍很多照片
13._________________________________汽锅鸡
14._________________________________待在家里
15._________________________________一次美好的体验
16._________________________________只有; 只是
17._________________________________待在酒店
18._________________________________美丽的双彩虹
19._________________________________跨过天空
20._________________________________记住他们与纳粹的斗争
21._________________________________在二战期间
22._________________________________走过大厅
23._________________________________讲诉关于...的故事
24._________________________________成千上万的
25._________________________________跌倒; 摔倒
26._________________________________给...的感觉;感受到;想要(后接动词 -ing 形式)
27.__________________________________感到恶心; 感到不舒服
28.__________________________________拿出; 取出
29.__________________________________聚会; 相聚
30.__________________________________暑假
31.__________________________________寒假
32.__________________________________在阳光下
33.__________________________________超过预算
34.___________________________________以不同的方式
35.___________________________________看美丽的风景
36.___________________________________让你的身心得到休息
37.___________________________________回到你的日常生活
38.___________________________________在乡下
39.___________________________________发出响声
40.___________________________________转身
41.___________________________________寻找
42.___________________________________从旅行经历中学习
重点句子
1. ——亚明去哪里度假了?——他和父母去了黄山。
——Where _________ Yaming _________ _________ _________?
——He _________ to Mount Huangshan _________ his parents.
2. ——他做了一些有趣的事情吗?——是的,他看见了那里惊人的美景。
——_________ he _________ _________ _________?
——Yes, he _________ the _________ _________ there.
3. ——你的假期怎么样?——棒极了!
——_________ _________ your holiday? ——It _________ _________!
4. 我们在古镇待了一段日子,我们非常喜欢。
We _________ in the old town _________ _________ _________ _________, and we _________ it very much.
5. 一切都尝起来很好,特别是汽锅鸡。
Everything _________ really _________, _________ the steamed chicken soup.
6. 我没做什么特别的事情。我只是呆在家读书、玩游戏、放松,但是仍然很有趣。
I did _________ _________. I just _________ _________ _________ _________ read, play games, and relax, but it was still fun.
7. 当我到达小镇时,雨下的很大,所以我什么都做不了,只能呆在酒店里。
It _________ _________ when I _________ _________ the town, so I could do _________ _________ _________ stay in the hotel.
8. 有人在我房间里落下一本书,那刚好是我需要的。
Someone had _________ a book in my room, and that was _________ what I needed.
9.我是如此的无聊,以至于我想找一些东西来阅读。
I was _________ _________ _________ I _________ _________ find something _________ _________.
10. 我站起来朝窗户走去。天空中有两道美丽的彩虹。
I _________ _________ and _________ _________ the window. _________ _________ a beautiful _________ _________ _________ the sky.
11. 天气很好,每个人都感觉很兴奋,因为他们参观了俄罗斯一些有名的地方。
The _________ was fine and everyone _________ _________ _________ _________ some _________ places in Russia.
12. 俄罗斯人建造了这座博物馆来纪念他们二战期间与纳粹的斗争。
The Russian people _________ _________ _________ to remember their _________ _________ the Nazis during World War II.
13. 在一间大厅里,我看见了一件艺术品,上面有上千滴玻璃“眼泪”落下。它提醒我们战争很糟糕,和平来之不易。
In one hall, I saw _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ glass “tears” falling down. _________ _________ _________ _________ war is terrible and peace does not _________ _________.
14. 在晚饭期间,我不想吃东西因为我感觉生病了。
_________ dinner, I didn’t _________ _________ _________ because I _________ _________.
15. 有时候我感觉自己好像在宫殿中行走。
Sometimes I _________ _________ I was walking _________ a palace.
16. 我们是如此的开心,以至于没有注意到时间。这是如此好的一次经历。
We were _________ happy _________ we didn’t _________ the time. It was _________ _________ _________ _________.
17. 在阳光下呆太久后,我感觉生病了。
I felt sick _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ for too long.
18. 不要在假期购物上花费太多时间,否则你可能很容易超过预算。
Don’t _________ _________ _________ time _________ holiday shopping, _________ you might _________ _________ _________ _________.
19. 夜幕降临的时候,小镇终于归于平静。
_________ the night _________, the small town was _________ _________ _________.
20. 我拥有多么棒的一次经历啊!_________ _________ _________ _________ I had!
语法归纳
不定代词 ( Indefinite Pronouns)
不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫作不定代词。常见的不定代词如下:
some一些 one一个(人或物)
somebody某人 another另外一个; 又一个
someone某人 other(s)另一个(些)
something某事; 某物 all全体;全部
any一些;任何 both两个(都)
anybody任何人 each每个
anyone任何人 either任何一个(指两个当中)
anything任何事物 neither没人或物(指两个当中)
nobody无人 none没人或物(指两个以上)
no one无人 many很多
nothing无物 much很多
everybody每人; 大家; 人人 few很少;几乎没有
everyone每人 a few一些; 几个
everything每一件事物; 一切 little很少; 几乎没有
a little一些; 一点儿
不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句子中用作主语、宾语、定语等。关于不定代词的用法,需要注意以下几点:
1. some和 any
这两个代词既可代替或修饰可数名词,也可代替或修饰不可数名词。some多用于肯定句,any则多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。例如:
A: Are there any apples in the fridge?
B: Yes, there are some. / No, there aren't any.
A: Is there any water in the bottle?
B: Yes, there is some water./ No, there isn't any water.
但是, 在“Would you like some tea?”这类疑问句中则用 some, 而不用 any, 这是因为说话人希望得到对方肯定的答复。
2. many和 much
这两个词均表示“很多”,但many只代替或修饰可数名词复数,而 much只代替或修饰不可数名词。例如:
In the future, many people will live in outer space.
There isn't much water left in the bottle.
I'm afraid the kids spend too much time online.
3. few 与a few; little和a little
few与a few代替或修饰可数名词复数; little与a little代替或修饰不可数名词。few和 little的意思是“很少; 几乎没有”, 侧重“否定”的含义;a few和a little的意思是“一些”,侧重“肯定”的含义。例如:
We stayed in the old town for a few days.
Don't worry. There is a little time left.
Few people know what happened.
There is now little hope of success.
4.复合不定代词
由 some、any、no、every加上-body、-one、-thing构成的不定代词叫作复合不定代词。除了 no one以外,其他复合不定代词都写成一个词。复合不定代词只相当于名词,在句中用作主语、宾语或表语。复合不定代词作主语时,都作单数看待。例如:
Everyone says Yulong Mountain is beautiful.
Nobody knows what the future will be like.
I'm on vacation in Hangzhou and everything is fantastic.
复合不定代词如果有定语修饰,定语须置于复合不定代词之后。例如:
Did you do anything fun on your holiday?
I did nothing special.
Yesterday,I met someone interesting.
语法专练
一、单项选择
1.Air costs ________, but we can’t live without it.
A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything
2.Is there ________ in today’s newspaper?
A.something new B.anything new C.some new things D.new anything
3.I have been to quite ________ restaurants, but I can say this one is the best.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
4.—Each of you has ________ that you’re good at, and your friends have theirs.
—I agree. We should learn from each other.
A.everything B.nothing C.something D.anything
5.There is ________ in today’s newspaper.
A.important something B.important anything
C.anything important D.something important
6.—I am afraid I will have to give up Chinese chess. I have made ________ in the past few years.
—You’d better not. It takes time, you know.
A.great progresses B.much progress C.few progresses D.little progress
7.—There isn’t ______ meat in the fridge. Would you like to get ______ with me?
—Yes, I’d love to.
A.any; any B.some; some C.some; any D.any; some
8.The young woman was rejected because she had too ______ experience.
A.many B.much C.few D.little
9.I can’t give you any advice on technology because I know ________ about it.
A.little B.few C.a little D.a few
10.The teacher was angry with him because this boy made quite ________ mistakes in exam.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
11.—I’m a little hungry. Could you give me ________food?
—Sorry. I’m afraid there isn’t________left here.
A.some; some B.any; any C.some; any D.any; some
12.—Are there any flowers in your school?
—______. But there are ______ around my school.
A.Yes, there is; some B.Yes, there are; any
C.No, there isn’t; any D.No, there aren’t; some
13.You need to exercise ________ and watch ________ TV to keep healthy.
A.much; no B.a lot; little C.a little; a lot D.no; much
14.Peter never feels bored, as he has many hobbies and can always find ________ to do every day.
A.something interesting B.nothing interesting
C.interesting something D.interesting anything
15.The children are making ________ . It’s too ________.
A.much too noise; noisy B.too much noise; noisy
C.much too noise; noisily D.too much noise; noisily
16.—John, are there any good movies showing right now?
—There is ________ these days. Let’s go shopping instead.
A.something interesting B.nothing interesting
C.interesting something D.interesting nothing
17.Would you like ________ to eat?
A.something B.some C.anything D.any
18.Some children waste ____ food. They don’t know there are still ______ hungry people in the world.
A.too much; so many B.too much; so much
C.too many; so much D.too many; so many
19.—Is there ________ milk in the bottle?
—Yes, there’s ________.
A.any; some B.any; any C.a; some D.some; any
20.—Would you like ________ orange?
—________.
A.any; Yes, please B.many; Yes, please
C.some; No, thanks D.any; No, thanks
二、完成句子
21.He found something special in today’s newspaper.(改为否定句)
He special in today’s newspaper.
22.I’d like some juice. (改为一般疑问句)
you like juice?
23.We have some nice stickers. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
— you have nice ?
—Yes, .
24.There’s something wrong with my mobile phone. (改成否定句)
wrong with my mobile phone.
25.There are some apples in the bag. (改为否定句)
There apples in the bag.
26.She didn’t find anything useful in the old box.(改为同义句)
She useful in the old box.
27.There is something wrong with the washing machine. (同义句)
with the washing machine.
28.There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper.(改为同义句)
There interesting in today’s newspaper.
29.Her washing machine isn’t working well. (同义句转换)
with her washing machine.
30.Some enjoy watching these shows, but some don’t. (改为同义句)
enjoys watching these shows.
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2025年秋季新八年级暑假巩固提升--复习+预习(人教版2024)
预习八年级上册Unit 1 Happy Holiday
内容导航
1、 重点单词 2、重点短语 3、重点句子 4、语法归纳
5、语法专练
重点单词
名词类
1._____________ 风景;景色
2._____________ 假期; 度假
3._____________ 镇; 商业区
4._____________ 呼吸;气息
5._____________ 风景;景色
6._____________ 丝绸; 丝
7._____________ 围巾; 披巾
8._____________ 旅馆; 旅社
9._____________ 天; 天空
10._____________ 胜利; 成功
11._____________ 彩虹
12._____________ 艺术作品; 插图
13._____________ 眼泪
14._____________ 和平; 太平
15._____________ 正午; 中午
16._____________ 车站;所;站
17._____________ 宫殿
18._____________ 手风琴
19._____________ 塔;塔楼
20._____________ 护照
21._____________ 乡村;农村
22._____________ 鹿
动词类
1._____________ 提醒;使想起
2._____________ 忘记
3._____________ 可能;可以
形容词类
1._____________ 古代的;古老的
2._____________ 奇怪的;奇特的
3._____________ 极好的;了不起的
4._____________ 舒服的;舒适的
5._____________ 厌倦的; 烦闷的
6._____________ 生病的; 恶心的
7._____________ 健忘的; 好忘事的
8._____________ 远方的; 遥远的
9._____________ 平常的; 有规律的
10._____________ 惊奇的; 惊讶的
副词类
1._____________ 尤其;特别;格外
2._____________ 容易地;轻易地
3._____________ 很可能; 大概
代词类
1._____________ 没有任何东西; 没有事
介词类
1._____________ 向; 朝
2._____________ 在......期间
3._____________ 反对; 与.....相反; 紧靠
兼词类
1._____________ n.度假营; 营地 v. 露营; 宿营
2._____________ adv.& pron. 在任何地方; 随便哪个地方
3._____________ adj. 准备好的; 现成的 adv. 已做完; 已完成
4._____________ adv.在某处; 到某处 pron.某处; 某个地方
5._____________ n.广场; 正方形 adj. 正方形的; 平方的
6._____________ adj. 俄罗斯的; 俄罗斯人的 n. 俄罗斯人; 俄语
7._____________ n.战斗; 搏斗; 斗争 v.(fought/fɔ:t/)打架; 打仗
8._____________ n.导游; 指南; 手册 v.给某人领路; 指导
9._____________ n.预算 v. 把......编入预算; 精打细算
答案:
名词类
1.landscape风景;景色
2.vacation 假期; 度假
3.town 镇; 商业区
4.breath呼吸;气息
5.scenery风景;景色
6.silk 丝绸; 丝
7.scarf 围巾; 披巾
8.hotel 旅馆; 旅社
9.sky 天; 天空
10.victory 胜利; 成功
11.rainbow 彩虹
12.artwork 艺术作品; 插图
13.tear 眼泪
14.peace和平; 太平
15.noon 正午; 中午
16.station 车站;所;站
17.palace宫殿
18.accordion 手风琴
19.tower塔;塔楼
20.passport 护照
21.countryside乡村;农村
22.deer 鹿
动词类
1.remind提醒;使想起
2.forget忘记 (forgot /fə' gɒt/)
3.might 可能;可以
形容词类
1.ancient古代的;古老的
2.strange奇怪的;奇特的
3.fantastic极好的;了不起的
4.comfortable舒服的;舒适的
5.bored 厌倦的; 烦闷的
6.sick生病的; 恶心的
7.forgetful 健忘的; 好忘事的
8.faraway 远方的; 遥远的
9.regular 平常的; 有规律的
10.surprised 惊奇的; 惊讶的
副词类
1.especially尤其;特别;格外
2.easily容易地;轻易地
3.probably 很可能; 大概
代词类
1.nothing没有任何东西; 没有事
介词类
1.towards 向; 朝
2.during 在......期间
3.against 反对; 与.....相反; 紧靠
兼词类
1.camp n.度假营; 营地 v. 露营; 宿营
2.anywhere adv.& pron. 在任何地方; 随便哪个地方
3.ready adj. 准备好的; 现成的 adv. 已做完; 已完成
4.somewhere adv.在某处; 到某处 pron.某处; 某个地方
5.square n.广场; 正方形 adj. 正方形的; 平方的
6.Russian adj. 俄罗斯的; 俄罗斯人的 n. 俄罗斯人; 俄语
7.fight n.战斗; 搏斗; 斗争 v.(fought/fɔ:t/)打架; 打仗
8.guide n.导游; 指南; 手册 v.给某人领路; 指导
9.budget n.预算 v. 把......编入预算; 精打细算
重点短语
1._______________________________上音乐课
2._______________________________参观古老建筑
3.________________________________看望我的祖父
4.________________________________去爬山
5.________________________________去参加夏令营
6.________________________________返回
7.________________________________去参加草莓节
8.________________________________去度假
9.________________________________看日出
10.________________________________呆在古镇
11.________________________________令人惊叹; 令人叹绝
12.________________________________拍很多照片
13._________________________________汽锅鸡
14._________________________________待在家里
15._________________________________一次美好的体验
16._________________________________只有; 只是
17._________________________________待在酒店
18._________________________________美丽的双彩虹
19._________________________________跨过天空
20._________________________________记住他们与纳粹的斗争
21._________________________________在二战期间
22._________________________________走过大厅
23._________________________________讲诉关于...的故事
24._________________________________成千上万的
25._________________________________跌倒; 摔倒
26._________________________________给...的感觉;感受到;想要(后接动词 -ing 形式)
27.__________________________________感到恶心; 感到不舒服
28.__________________________________拿出; 取出
29.__________________________________聚会; 相聚
30.__________________________________暑假
31.__________________________________寒假
32.__________________________________在阳光下
33.__________________________________超过预算
34.___________________________________以不同的方式
35.___________________________________看美丽的风景
36.___________________________________让你的身心得到休息
37.___________________________________回到你的日常生活
38.___________________________________在乡下
39.___________________________________发出响声
40.___________________________________转身
41.___________________________________寻找
42.___________________________________从旅行经历中学习
答案:
1.take music lessons上音乐课
2.visit some ancient buildings 参观古老建筑
3.visit my grandparents看望我的祖父
4.go to the mountains去爬山
5.go to a summer camp去参加夏令营
6.go back to 返回
7.go to a strawberry festival 去参加草莓节
8.go on holiday/vacation去度假
9.see the sunrise 看日出
10.stay in the old town 呆在古镇
11.take sb's breath away 令人惊叹; 令人叹绝
12.take a lot of photos拍很多照片
13.steamed chicken soup 汽锅鸡
14.stay at home待在家里
15.have a wonderful experience 一次美好的体验
16.nothing but 只有; 只是
17.stay in the hotel 待在酒店
18.a beautiful double rainbow 美丽的双彩虹
19.across the sky 跨过天空
20.remember their fight against the Nazis 记住他们与纳粹的斗争
21.during World War II 在二战期间
22.walk through the halls 走过大厅
23.tell stories about 讲诉关于...的故事
24.thousands of 成千上万的
25.fall down 跌倒; 摔倒
26.feel like 给...的感觉;感受到;想要(后接动词 -ing 形式)
27.feel sick 感到恶心; 感到不舒服
28.take out 拿出; 取出
29.get together 聚会; 相聚
30.summer holiday 暑假
31.winter holiday 寒假
32.in the sun 在阳光下
33.go over budget 超过预算
34.in different ways 以不同的方式
35.see beautiful sights 看美丽的风景
36.rest your mind and body 让你的身心得到休息
37.go back to your regular life 回到你的日常生活
38.in the countryside 在乡下
39.make a noise 发出响声
40.turn around 转身
41.look for 寻找
42.learn from travel experiences 从旅行经历中学习
重点句子
1. ——亚明去哪里度假了?——他和父母去了黄山。
——Where _________ Yaming _________ _________ _________?
——He _________ to Mount Huangshan _________ his parents.
2. ——他做了一些有趣的事情吗?——是的,他看见了那里惊人的美景。
——_________ he _________ _________ _________?
——Yes, he _________ the _________ _________ there.
3. ——你的假期怎么样?——棒极了!
——_________ _________ your holiday? ——It _________ _________!
4. 我们在古镇待了一段日子,我们非常喜欢。
We _________ in the old town _________ _________ _________ _________, and we _________ it very much.
5. 一切都尝起来很好,特别是汽锅鸡。
Everything _________ really _________, _________ the steamed chicken soup.
6. 我没做什么特别的事情。我只是呆在家读书、玩游戏、放松,但是仍然很有趣。
I did _________ _________. I just _________ _________ _________ _________ read, play games, and relax, but it was still fun.
7. 当我到达小镇时,雨下的很大,所以我什么都做不了,只能呆在酒店里。
It _________ _________ when I _________ _________ the town, so I could do _________ _________ _________ stay in the hotel.
8. 有人在我房间里落下一本书,那刚好是我需要的。
Someone had _________ a book in my room, and that was _________ what I needed.
9.我是如此的无聊,以至于我想找一些东西来阅读。
I was _________ _________ _________ I _________ _________ find something _________ _________.
10. 我站起来朝窗户走去。天空中有两道美丽的彩虹。
I _________ _________ and _________ _________ the window. _________ _________ a beautiful _________ _________ _________ the sky.
11. 天气很好,每个人都感觉很兴奋,因为他们参观了俄罗斯一些有名的地方。
The _________ was fine and everyone _________ _________ _________ _________ some _________ places in Russia.
12. 俄罗斯人建造了这座博物馆来纪念他们二战期间与纳粹的斗争。
The Russian people _________ _________ _________ to remember their _________ _________ the Nazis during World War II.
13. 在一间大厅里,我看见了一件艺术品,上面有上千滴玻璃“眼泪”落下。它提醒我们战争很糟糕,和平来之不易。
In one hall, I saw _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ glass “tears” falling down. _________ _________ _________ _________ war is terrible and peace does not _________ _________.
14. 在晚饭期间,我不想吃东西因为我感觉生病了。
_________ dinner, I didn’t _________ _________ _________ because I _________ _________.
15. 有时候我感觉自己好像在宫殿中行走。
Sometimes I _________ _________ I was walking _________ a palace.
16. 我们是如此的开心,以至于没有注意到时间。这是如此好的一次经历。
We were _________ happy _________ we didn’t _________ the time. It was _________ _________ _________ _________.
17. 在阳光下呆太久后,我感觉生病了。
I felt sick _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ for too long.
18. 不要在假期购物上花费太多时间,否则你可能很容易超过预算。
Don’t _________ _________ _________ time _________ holiday shopping, _________ you might _________ _________ _________ _________.
19. 夜幕降临的时候,小镇终于归于平静。
_________ the night _________, the small town was _________ _________ _________.
20. 我拥有多么棒的一次经历啊!_________ _________ _________ _________ I had!
答案:
1.——Where did Yaming go on vacation? ——He went to Mount Huangshan with his parents.
——亚明去哪里度假了?——他和父母去了黄山。
2.——Did he do anything interesting?——Yes, he saw the amazing landscape there.
——他做了一些有趣的事情吗?——是的,他看见了那里惊人的美景。
3.——How was your holiday? ——It was fantastic!
——你的假期怎么样?——棒极了!
4.We stayed in the old town for a few days, and we enjoyed it very much.
我们在古镇待了一段日子,我们非常喜欢。
5.Everything tasted really good, especially the steamed chicken soup.
一切都尝起来很好,特别是汽锅鸡。
6.I did nothing special. I just stayed at home to read, play games, and relax, but it was still fun.
我没做什么特别的事情。我只是呆在家读书、玩游戏、放松,但是仍然很有趣。
7.It rained heavily when I arrived at the town, so I could do nothing but stay in the hotel.
当我到达小镇时,雨下的很大,所以我什么都做不了,只能呆在酒店里。
8.Someone had left a book in my room, and that was exactly what I needed.
有人在我房间里落下一本书,那刚好是我需要的。
9.I was so bored that I decided to find something to read.
我是如此的无聊,以至于我想找一些东西来阅读。
10.I stood up and walked towards the window. There was a beautiful double rainbow across the sky.
我站起来朝窗户走去。天空中有两道美丽的彩虹。
11.The weather was fine and everyone felt excited to visit some famous places in Russia.
天气很好,每个人都感觉很兴奋,因为他们参观了俄罗斯一些有名的地方。
12.The Russian people built this museum to remember their fight against the Nazis during World War II.
俄罗斯人建造了这座博物馆来纪念他们二战期间与纳粹的斗争。
13.In one hall, I saw an artwork with thousands of glass tears falling down. It reminds us that war is terrible and peace does not come easily. 在一间大厅里,我看见了一件艺术品,上面有上千滴玻璃“眼泪”落下。它提醒我们战争很糟糕,和平来之不易。
14.During dinner, I didn’t feel like eating because I felt sick. 在晚饭期间,我不想吃东西因为我感觉生病了。
15.Sometimes I felt like I was walking inside a palace. 有时候我感觉自己好像在宫殿中行走。
16.We were so happy that we didn’t notice the time. It was such a good experience.
我们是如此的开心,以至于没有注意到时间。这是如此好的一次经历。
17.I felt sick after staying in the sun for too long. 在阳光下呆太久后,我感觉生病了。
18.Don’t spend too much time on holiday shopping, or you might easily go over budget.
不要在假期购物上花费太多时间,否则你可能很容易超过预算。
19.When the night fell, the small town was finally at peace. 夜幕降临的时候,小镇终于归于平静。
20.What a wonderful experience I had! 我拥有多么棒的一次经历啊!
语法归纳
不定代词 ( Indefinite Pronouns)
不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫作不定代词。常见的不定代词如下:
some一些 one一个(人或物)
somebody某人 another另外一个; 又一个
someone某人 other(s)另一个(些)
something某事; 某物 all全体;全部
any一些;任何 both两个(都)
anybody任何人 each每个
anyone任何人 either任何一个(指两个当中)
anything任何事物 neither没人或物(指两个当中)
nobody无人 none没人或物(指两个以上)
no one无人 many很多
nothing无物 much很多
everybody每人; 大家; 人人 few很少;几乎没有
everyone每人 a few一些; 几个
everything每一件事物; 一切 little很少; 几乎没有
a little一些; 一点儿
不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句子中用作主语、宾语、定语等。关于不定代词的用法,需要注意以下几点:
1. some和 any
这两个代词既可代替或修饰可数名词,也可代替或修饰不可数名词。some多用于肯定句,any则多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。例如:
A: Are there any apples in the fridge?
B: Yes, there are some. / No, there aren't any.
A: Is there any water in the bottle?
B: Yes, there is some water./ No, there isn't any water.
但是, 在“Would you like some tea?”这类疑问句中则用 some, 而不用 any, 这是因为说话人希望得到对方肯定的答复。
2. many和 much
这两个词均表示“很多”,但many只代替或修饰可数名词复数,而 much只代替或修饰不可数名词。例如:
In the future, many people will live in outer space.
There isn't much water left in the bottle.
I'm afraid the kids spend too much time online.
3. few 与a few; little和a little
few与a few代替或修饰可数名词复数; little与a little代替或修饰不可数名词。few和 little的意思是“很少; 几乎没有”, 侧重“否定”的含义;a few和a little的意思是“一些”,侧重“肯定”的含义。例如:
We stayed in the old town for a few days.
Don't worry. There is a little time left.
Few people know what happened.
There is now little hope of success.
4.复合不定代词
由 some、any、no、every加上-body、-one、-thing构成的不定代词叫作复合不定代词。除了 no one以外,其他复合不定代词都写成一个词。复合不定代词只相当于名词,在句中用作主语、宾语或表语。复合不定代词作主语时,都作单数看待。例如:
Everyone says Yulong Mountain is beautiful.
Nobody knows what the future will be like.
I'm on vacation in Hangzhou and everything is fantastic.
复合不定代词如果有定语修饰,定语须置于复合不定代词之后。例如:
Did you do anything fun on your holiday?
I did nothing special.
Yesterday,I met someone interesting.
语法专练
一、单项选择
1.Air costs ________, but we can’t live without it.
A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything
2.Is there ________ in today’s newspaper?
A.something new B.anything new C.some new things D.new anything
3.I have been to quite ________ restaurants, but I can say this one is the best.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
4.—Each of you has ________ that you’re good at, and your friends have theirs.
—I agree. We should learn from each other.
A.everything B.nothing C.something D.anything
5.There is ________ in today’s newspaper.
A.important something B.important anything
C.anything important D.something important
6.—I am afraid I will have to give up Chinese chess. I have made ________ in the past few years.
—You’d better not. It takes time, you know.
A.great progresses B.much progress C.few progresses D.little progress
7.—There isn’t ______ meat in the fridge. Would you like to get ______ with me?
—Yes, I’d love to.
A.any; any B.some; some C.some; any D.any; some
8.The young woman was rejected because she had too ______ experience.
A.many B.much C.few D.little
9.I can’t give you any advice on technology because I know ________ about it.
A.little B.few C.a little D.a few
10.The teacher was angry with him because this boy made quite ________ mistakes in exam.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
11.—I’m a little hungry. Could you give me ________food?
—Sorry. I’m afraid there isn’t________left here.
A.some; some B.any; any C.some; any D.any; some
12.—Are there any flowers in your school?
—______. But there are ______ around my school.
A.Yes, there is; some B.Yes, there are; any
C.No, there isn’t; any D.No, there aren’t; some
13.You need to exercise ________ and watch ________ TV to keep healthy.
A.much; no B.a lot; little C.a little; a lot D.no; much
14.Peter never feels bored, as he has many hobbies and can always find ________ to do every day.
A.something interesting B.nothing interesting
C.interesting something D.interesting anything
15.The children are making ________ . It’s too ________.
A.much too noise; noisy B.too much noise; noisy
C.much too noise; noisily D.too much noise; noisily
16.—John, are there any good movies showing right now?
—There is ________ these days. Let’s go shopping instead.
A.something interesting B.nothing interesting
C.interesting something D.interesting nothing
17.Would you like ________ to eat?
A.something B.some C.anything D.any
18.Some children waste ________ food. They don’t know there are still ________ hungry people in the world.
A.too much; so many B.too much; so much
C.too many; so much D.too many; so many
19.—Is there ________ milk in the bottle?
—Yes, there’s ________.
A.any; some B.any; any C.a; some D.some; any
20.—Would you like ________ orange?
—________.
A.any; Yes, please B.many; Yes, please
C.some; No, thanks D.any; No, thanks
二、完成句子
21.He found something special in today’s newspaper.(改为否定句)
He special in today’s newspaper.
22.I’d like some juice. (改为一般疑问句)
you like juice?
23.We have some nice stickers. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
— you have nice ?
—Yes, .
24.There’s something wrong with my mobile phone. (改成否定句)
wrong with my mobile phone.
25.There are some apples in the bag. (改为否定句)
There apples in the bag.
26.She didn’t find anything useful in the old box.(改为同义句)
She useful in the old box.
27.There is something wrong with the washing machine. (同义句)
with the washing machine.
28.There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper.(改为同义句)
There interesting in today’s newspaper.
29.Her washing machine isn’t working well. (同义句转换)
with her washing machine.
30.Some enjoy watching these shows, but some don’t. (改为同义句)
enjoys watching these shows.
答案:
一、
1.B
【详解】句意:空气不花钱,但我们离不开它。
考查不定代词辨析。something某事物;nothing没有什么;anything任何事物;everything一切事物。根据“Air costs ...but we can’t live without it.”可知,空气不花钱,是免费的,故选B。
2.B
【详解】句意:今天的报纸上有什么新鲜事吗?
考查代词辨析和定语后置。something某事,一般用于肯定句;anything任何事,一般用于疑问句和否定句。此句是疑问句,应用anything,new是形容词,修饰不定代词时,需要后置。故选B。
3.B
【详解】句意:我去过相当多的餐馆,但我可以说这家是最好的。
考查限定词辨析。few几乎没有,修饰可数名词复数;a few一些,修饰可数名词复数;little几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;a little一些,修饰不可数名词。根据“I have been to quite…restaurants”可知,restaurants是可数名词复数,且quite a few表示“相当多”,符合语境。故选B。
4.C
【详解】句意:——你们每个人都有自己擅长的东西,而你们的朋友也有他们擅长的。——我同意。我们应该互相学习。
考查不定代词辨析。everything每件事,所有事物;nothing没有什么,没有一件东西;something某事,某物,一般用于肯定句中;anything任何事物,一般用于否定句或疑问句中。根据语境可知,此处是在说每个人都有自己擅长的东西,且句子为肯定句,所以应该用something。故选C。
5.D
【详解】句意:今天的报纸上没有什么重要的东西。
考查不定代词及形容词的用法。important重要的;something某事,一般用于肯定句中,以及表示请求建议等含义的疑问句中;anything任何事,一般用于否定及疑问句中,排除选项B、C,形容词修饰不定代词时,常放于不定代词之后。故选D。
6.D
【详解】句意:——恐怕我将不得不放弃中国象棋。在过去几年我几乎没有进步。——你最好不要放弃,你知道的,这需要时间。
考查代词和名词。progress为不可数名词,排除A,C;much progress巨大的进步;little progress几乎没有进步。根据“I am afraid I will have to give up Chinese chess.”可知,因为没有进步,所以想放弃,little有否定意义,表示“几乎没有”。故选D。
7.D
【详解】句意:——冰箱里没有肉了。你想和我一起买一些吗?——是的,我很乐意。
考查some和any的用法。第一个句子是否定句,用any表示“一些”;第二个句子是疑问句,希望得到对方的肯定回答,用some表示“一些”。故选D。
8.D
【详解】句意:那位年轻女子因经验太少而被拒绝了。
考查little的用法。many许多,用于可数名词;much许多,用于不可数名词;few很少,用于可数名词;little很少,用于不可数名词。句中“experience”指“经验”,为不可数名词,故排除AC;结合“The young woman was rejected because she”可知,应该说经验太少,故选D。
9.A
【详解】句意:我不能给你任何关于技术的建议,因为我对它几乎一无所知。
考查代词。little很少,修饰不可数名词,表示否定;few很少,修饰可数名词,表示否定;a little少许,修饰不可数名词,表示肯定;a few少许,修饰可数名词,表示肯定。此处是指对这种技术了解不多,应用little或a little,而且此处表示否定含义,应用little。故选A。
10.B
【详解】句意:老师对他很生气,因为这个男孩在考试中犯了相当多的错误。
考查不定代词辨析。few几乎没有,表示否定,修饰可数名词复数;a few一些,表示肯定,修饰可数名词复数;little几乎没有,表示否定,修饰不可数名词;a little一些,表示肯定,修饰不可数名词。空后“mistakes”是可数名词复数,应用few或a few修饰,排除C和D;再根据“The teacher was angry with him”可知,老师生气,说明他的犯错误较多,应用“a few”表示肯定,排除A。quite a few“很多”,是固定搭配。故选B。
11.C
【详解】句意: ——我有点饿了。你能给我一些食物吗? ——对不起,恐怕这里没有剩下任何食物了。
考查不定代词辨析。some通常用于肯定句或表示请求、建议的疑问句中,希望得到肯定回答;any常用于否定句或疑问句中,表示“任何”或“一些”。根据“Could you give me ... food?”可知,此处是请求对方给食物,希望得到肯定回答,因此用some;根据“I’m afraid there isn’t ... left here.”可知,此句是否定句,表示“没有剩下任何食物”,因此用any。故选C。
12.D
【详解】句意:——你们学校有花吗?——不,没有。但是在我的学校周围有一些。
考查一般疑问句和代词辨析。some一些,常用于肯定句;any一些,常用于否定句和疑问句。根据“Are there any flowers in your school?”及“But there are…around my school.”可知,此处作否定回答;根据“But there are…around my school.”可知,句子为肯定句,应用some。故选D。
13.A
【详解】句意:为了保持健康,你需要多锻炼,不看电视。
考查副词辨析。much; no很多;没有;a lot; little许多;一点;a little; a lot一点;许多;no; much没有;很多。根据“to keep healthy.”可知,保持健康需多锻炼,少看电视。故选A。
14.A
【详解】句意:Peter从不感到无聊,因为他有很多爱好,每天总能找到有趣的事情做。
考查不定代词与形容词的搭配。根据英语语法规则,形容词修饰不定代词 (如something/anything/nothing) 时需后置,排除C和D;根据“Peter never feels bored, as he has many hobbies and can always find”可知,此处指“总能找到事情做”,排除B。故选A。
15.B
【详解】句意:孩子们正在发出太多噪音。太吵了。
考查不可数名词和形容词。much too太,后面通常加形容词或者副词;too much太多,后加不可数名词;noisy吵闹的,形容词;noisily喧闹地,副词。根据“The children are making”可知,此处用固定搭配make noise“发出噪声”,noise是不可数名词,第一空应用too much;再根据“It’s too...”可知,此处应形容词作表语,noisy“吵闹的”符合。故选B。
16.B
【详解】句意:——约翰,现在有什么好电影在上映吗?——这些天没什么有趣的(电影)。我们去购物吧。
考查不定代词和定语后置。something一些事;nothing没有事。形容词修饰不定代词应放在不定代词的后面,排除CD;根据“Let’s go shopping instead”可知,没有有趣的电影。故选B。
17.A
【详解】句意:你想要点吃的吗?
本题考查不定代词。something某物;some一些;anything任何事物;any任何的。根据“Would you like...to eat?”可知,“Would you like...”是礼貌询问对方需求,此时习惯用“something”表示提议或希望得到肯定回答。故选A。
18.A
【详解】句意:一些儿童浪费太多的食物。他们不知道在世界上仍然有如此多饥饿的人。
考查形容词短语。too much太多的,修饰不可数名词;so many如此多的,修饰可数名词的复数;too many太多的,修饰可数名词的复数;so much如此多的,修饰不可数名词。food是不可数名词,用too much修饰,people是可数名词复数,用so many修饰。故选A。
19.A
【详解】句意:——瓶子里有牛奶吗?——是的,有一些。
考查不定代词。any一般用在否定句和疑问句中;some一般用在肯定句中;a修饰可数名词单数。句中milk“牛奶”是不可数名词,第一空应用any,第二空应用some。故选A。
20.C
【详解】句意:——你想喝点橙汁吗?——不,谢谢。
考查some的用法和情景交际。some一些,既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词,常用于肯定句以及表达请求建议的一般疑问句;many许多,修饰可数名词;any既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词,常用于否定句和疑问句。orange在此处指“橙汁”,是不可数名词,排除B选项;根据题干可知此处是表达请求建议,应用some,不用any;“Would you like some…”的肯定回答一般用Yes, please;否定回答用No, thanks。故选C。
二、
21. didn’t find anything
【详解】句意:他在今天的报纸上发现了一些特别的东西。题干为肯定句,谓语动词found为实义动词的过去式,改为否定句应在主语后加助动词did的否定形式didn’t,后面接动词原形。题干中的something,在否定句中应改为anything。故填didn’t;find;anything。
22. Would some
【详解】句意:我想要一些果汁。I’d like为I would like的缩写,改为一般疑问句将would提到句首,在表示请求的问句中用some。故填Would;some。
23. Do any stickers we do
【详解】句意:我们有一些漂亮的贴纸。根据“have”可知,原句为含有实义动词的一般现在时,此句主语为“you”,应借助助动词do构成疑问句,句首单词首字母应大写;some用于肯定句,变成疑问句应用any;第三空保留stickers“贴纸”;以“do you...”提问的一般疑问句,肯定回答为“Yes, we do”。故填Do;any;stickers;we;do。
24. There isn’t anything
【详解】句意:我的手机出问题了。原句为肯定句,使用there be句型表示“存在有”,be动词为is,改为否定句时,需在is后加not,即isn’t;同时,肯定句中的something(某事/某物)在否定句中需变为anything(任何事/物),表示“没有任何事/物出问题”。“There”保持不变。故填There;isn’t;anything。
25. aren’t any
【详解】句意:袋子里有一些苹果。改为否定句时,some改为any,are改为aren’t,故填aren’t;any。
26. found nothing
【详解】句意:她在旧箱子里没有找到任何有用的东西。原句中“didn’t find anything useful”表示否定含义,可以用“found nothing useful”替换,因为“nothing”本身就是否定词,与“didn’t”的双重否定不同,此处直接替换为肯定形式的否定含义更符合英语表达习惯。故填found;nothing。
27. Something is wrong
【详解】句意:洗衣机出了问题。原句时态为一般现在时。There is something wrong with sth=Something is wrong with sth“某物出问题了”。故填Something;is;wrong。
28. isn’t anything
【详解】句意:今天的报纸上没有什么有趣的东西。“nothing”意为“没有什么”,相当于“not anything”。原句中有be动词is,变为否定句在is后加not,可缩写为isn’t。故填isn’t;anything。
29. There’s something wrong
【详解】句意:她的洗衣机运转不好。改为同义句,可改为“她的洗衣机出了点问题”,there’s something wrong with...“某物出现了问题”,句首字母大写。故填There’s;something;wrong。
30. Not everyone
【详解】句意:有些人喜欢看这些节目,但有些人不喜欢。根据句意可知,并不是所有的人都喜欢这些节目。“并不是所有的人”,对应的英文为not everyone,所填词位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Not;everyone。
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