8选择性必修第四册 作业(八) UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION-2025年高二英语暑假作业（人教版）

作业(八)　UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION Ⅰ.标记熟悉单词，回查陌生单词 □tale　 □merchant □extend □negotiate □fleet □behold □league □royal □spice □withdraw □channel □maritime □bond □politics □profession □tournament □mixture □laptop □coverage □applaud □tax □manned □submersible □underwater □coral □migration □directory □meanwhile □exploit □gallon □murder □mercy □possession □opponent □log □marine □arrest Ⅱ.典题展示 近十年来许多海洋生物灭绝，这引起了全世界的关注。假设你是李华，请在环境保护日写一篇关于保护海洋的英文短文发表在校报上，要点如下： 1.海洋受到污染的现状； 2.保护海洋的重要性。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使文章连贯。 The Importance of Protecting the Ocean ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [佳作品读] The Importance of Protecting the Ocean As we all know(as引导定语从句)，there are varieties of resources under the sea. However，the past ten years has witnessed that some sea creatures have died out. Therefore，marine pollution has been greatly concerned by the whole world. On the one hand，we must make people realize the importance of protecting the ocean. As a matter of fact，to protect the ocean is to protect human beings. On the other hand，the government should take immediate measures to keep the balance of nature. In no way should we abandon protecting the environment(部分倒装). Only by raising people's awareness of protecting the environment and making great efforts to prevent pollution can the problem be solved(部分倒装). Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its ________(mix) of modern and traditional Chinese elements. 2.The audience stayed silent，listened to me carefully and gave me a big round of ________(applaud) at the end. 3.The two parties have agreed on a further ________ (negotiate)about how to solve the political problem. 4.I was about_________ (withdraw) my hand when I met Ms.Haist's encouraging eyes. 5.Throughout her career as a ________(profession) dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. 6.All in all, Beijing ________(possess) a kind of power that makes us feel the long history of Chinese culture over 5，000 years. 7.The little girl gave me a big hug in return ________ my help. 8.After looking ________ the matter, the policeman drew a conclusion that the driver was to blame for the accident. 9.His brother was arrested ________ drunk driving last year. 10.I have typed out some lecture notes for the benefit ________ those people who were absent last week. Ⅱ.短语填空 in return for；take action；in a league of；reach out；from a legal point of view 1.________________ today so that you won't miss your windows of opportunity. 2.________________________，the purchase of passenger ticket is reached with the airlines contract of carriage relations. 3.As I read, the little boy ________________ and pokes (戳) the page with his finger. 4.When it comes to ping­pong，Chinese players are ________________ their own. 5.You'll get the following benefits ________________ paying contributions and taxes. Ⅲ.根据汉语提示完成下面短文 As we all know，there are varieties of resources in the depths of the sea.However，1.________(随着时间的流逝)，some marine creatures have died out.Therefore，marine pollution has been of great global concern. First of all，2.________________(迫切需要)make people aware of the importance of protecting the ocean，because 3.________________________(保护海洋就是保护人类，不定式作主语和表语).4.________________(与此同时)，we 5.________________________________________(赞成政府采取有效措施)to keep the balance of nature.No matter how great the difficulty is，we will have the marine resources properly 6.________(exploit)and never will we give up protecting the ocean. Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2024·云南迪庆高二期中)When it comes to the ocean, you may think of a visit to the beach, whales or coral reefs. To me, I think the ocean is out of expanse of deep dark water and it is filled with life and mystery and opportunity. Whatever you think of, the ocean is much more. It is a complex physical, chemical and biological system that takes up 70% of our planet. What we do know is that the ocean is an important part of our life support system on the planet. It produces at least 50% of the oxygen that we breathe. It also regulates temperature for the planet. Without the ocean, the poles would be unbearably cold and the equator would be unbearably hot. And it would be a lot harder to live on earth. Now we consider saving the ocean from plastic, from oil spills or from overfishing. But really, we should be thinking about how the ocean is saving us. It is saving us from the climate change that we are creating. Basically, what we need to do is think about not how to save the ocean, but instead how the ocean can actually help us in this fight against climate change. Already, the ocean is absorbing 25% to 30% of the CO2 that we release into the atmosphere. It is the world's largest carbon sink. It has also absorbed 90% of the excess heat trapped by greenhouse gases. So it is basically helping to keep the planet habitable. When we think about climate action, climate strategies and climate plans, we often overlook the ocean and leave it out because somehow we think that saving the ocean is something else we have to do, not a core part of our climate strategy. That's what has to change because the ocean is a core part of our climate system, and so it has to be a core part of our climate solutions. 1.What does the author think of the ocean's meaning to humans? A.It supports life system on the planet. B.It offers chances to find mysterious treasure. C.It provides a large number of deep dark water. D.It is a perfect place to watch whales and coral reefs. 2.What does the underlined word “excess” mean in paragraph 4? A.Low.　　 B.High. C.Moderate. D.Extra. 3.What would happen if we live without ocean? A.The poles would be hot. B.The globe would be tougher to live on. C.Overfishing would not be a problem. D.The climate would be changed slightly. 4.What is the text mainly about? A.Strategies to save the ocean. B.Whether the ocean is habitable. C.Saving the ocean is saving humans. D.A place to watch whales and coral reefs. Ⅱ.语法填空 A (2024·江西宜春高二期末)Seagrass meadows (海草床) are wonder plants growing beneath the sea. Thanks to the assistance of tiger sharks, 1.________ huge seagrass meadow in the Bahamas Banks was recently discovered, offering the world a tool 2.________ (fight) climate change. In this study, tiger sharks were selected as research tools due to their 3.________ (high) consistent associations with seagrass ecosystems. They spend 70% of their time in seagrass meadows. The team equipped eight tiger sharks 4.________ satellite tags, and used a 360­degree camera on a shark for the first time ever. So far, the world's largest seagrass ecosystem, measuring at least 66，900 square kilometers，5.________ (discover). This reflects a 41% increase from previous estimates of global seagrass. In terms of climate change, seagrass is 35 times 6.________ (fast) at removing carbon than tropical rainforests. Yet seagrass meadows are rapidly disappearing, with over 92% of meadows in the UK 7.________(go). Scientists are collecting seeds and trying to grow new seagrass meadows through restoration 8.______(project). This new discovery offers optimism and proves the importance of the ocean for healing. The sharks led us to the seagrass ecosystem in the Bahamas，9.________ is likely to be the most significant blue carbon sink on the planet. The discovery shows us that ocean exploration and research play an important role in solving 10.________ (globe) issues like climate change. B (2023·南京六校联合调研)Legend has 1.________ that tofu was discovered by a health­conscious Chinese prince named Liu An more than 2，000 years ago when he was making an elixir(灵丹妙药).He realized that soy milk left in certain conditions coagulated(凝固)and developed a pudding­like substance and that was the beginning of tofu. It's 2.________ (universal)believed that monks visiting China brought tofu to neighbouring countries like Japan. 3.________ East Asia has been eating tofu for more than 1，000 years，it took a lot longer for it to catch on globally.Benjamin Franklin，one of the United State's founding fathers，wrote a letter 4.________ some soybeans attached while he was in London，praising it as a “Chinese cheese” in 1770.The letter was one of the earliest documents on record 5.________ mentioned tofu in the West.Li Shizeng，6.________ enthusiast of tofu，is often credited with making tofu a more widely accepted food outside of Asia.It's said that he was the first sent by the Chinese government to attend a French military school.He ended up 7.________ (study) at the agricultural school in Montargis and was 8.________ (passion)about promoting tofu in France. Nowadays，tofu 9.________ (serve)in a modern way.In many fine dining restaurants，the tasting menu is designed around its textures.The dishes and ingredients change according to the seasons.For example，in one of the restaurants，the current menu starts with the texture“silken”，10.________ (represent) by tofu. 动作描写之“手” ★素材积累 短语 ①hold one's hand 抓住某人的手 ②shake hands with 与……握手 ③cup ...in one's hands 将……捧在手心 ④open one's hands 张开双手 ⑤hand in hand 手拉手 ⑥raise/put up one's hand 举手 ⑦hold out one's hand 伸出手 ⑧take one's hand 牵某人的手 ⑨spread one's hands 摊开双手 ★语段写作 第一步　完成或翻译句子 1.一只蝴蝶正拼命地扇动翅膀，却无法从地面上飞起来。 A butterfly was crazily fluttering its wings but could not __________________________________. 2.在它面前是卡车的轮胎。 ________________________________ 3.我不假思索就下了车，举起手不让卡车司机往前走，然后弯下腰去看那只蝴蝶。 Without thinking I got out of my car, ______________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________, and ________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________.(肢体动作描写) 4.我发现它的一条腿陷进了水洼里，看上去有点像苏打水。 ________________________________________________________________________ what looked like soda. 5.我俯下身，尽可能轻柔地将蝴蝶捧在手心。 I reached down and ________________________________.(动作描写) 6.我托起它的腿，忽然间，它自由了。我摊开双手，它朝蓝天飞去。 I lifted its leg up and suddenly it was free._______________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________.(动作描写) 7.我的目光似乎更加明亮。看着它，我心里感到更轻松了。 ________________________ and my own heart felt lighter as I watched it.(神态描写) 第二步　将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 作业(八)　UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION [能力提升] Ⅰ.1.mixture　2.applause　3.negotiation　4.to withdraw　5.professional　6.possesses　7.for　8.into 9.for　10.of Ⅱ.1.Take action　2.From a legal point of view 3.reaches out　4.in a league of　5.in return for Ⅲ.1.as time goes by 2.there is an urgent need to 3.to protect the ocean is to protect human beings 4.In the meanwhile/Meanwhile 5.applaud the government for taking practical measures 6.exploited [知能演练] Ⅰ.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了海洋对于我们的意义，并呼吁我们必须要保护海洋系统。 1.A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“What we do know is that the ocean is an important part of our life support system on the planet. It produces at least 50% of the oxygen that we breathe. It also regulates temperature for the planet.(我们所知道的是，海洋是地球上生命维持系统的重要组成部分。它产生了我们呼吸的至少50%的氧气。它还调节着地球的温度。)”及第四段中的“Already, the ocean is absorbing 25% to 30% of the CO2 that we release into the atmosphere. It is the world's largest carbon sink. It has also absorbed 90% of the excess heat trapped by greenhouse gases. So it is basically helping to keep the planet habitable.(海洋已经吸收了我们释放到大气中的25%到30%的二氧化碳。它是世界上最大的碳汇。它还吸收了90%被温室气体捕获的多余热量。所以它基本上有助于保持地球适合居住。)”可知，作者认为海洋对人类的意义在于它支持了地球上的生命系统。故选A。 2.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“trapped by greenhouse gases(被温室气体困住的热量)”及常识可知，温室气体会造成全球变暖，因此它困住了多余的热量。由此可知，画线词excess与extra“额外的”意思接近。故选D。 3.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Without the ocean, the poles would be unbearably cold and the equator would be unbearably hot. And it would be a lot harder to live on earth. (没有海洋，两极将冷得难以忍受，赤道将热得难以忍受。而且在地球上生活要困难得多。)”可知，如果我们生活中没有海洋，地球将变得更加难以生存。故选B。 4.C　主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Without the ocean, the poles would be unbearably cold and the equator would be unbearably hot. And it would be a lot harder to live on earth. (没有海洋，两极将冷得难以忍受，赤道将热得难以忍受。而且在地球上生活要困难得多。)”及第四段中的“So it is basically helping to keep the planet habitable.(所以它基本上有助于保持地球适合居住。)”及最后一段中的“That's what has to change because the ocean is a core part of our climate system, and so it has to be a core part of our climate solutions.(这是必须改变的，因为海洋是我们气候系统的核心部分，所以它必须成为我们气候解决方案的核心部分。)”可知，文章论述了海洋对于我们的意义，并呼吁我们必须要保护海洋系统。由此可知，“Saving the ocean is saving humans.(拯救海洋就是拯救人类。)”能够概括文章大意。故选C。 Ⅱ. A [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了海草床是生长在海底的神奇植物。由于虎鲨的帮助，最近在巴哈马海滩发现了一个巨大的海草床，为世界提供了对抗气候变化的工具。 1.a　考查冠词。句意：由于虎鲨的帮助，最近在巴哈马海滩发现了一个巨大的海草床，为世界提供了对抗气候变化的工具。此处泛指“一个巨大的海草床”，且huge以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 2.to fight　考查非谓语动词。句意：由于虎鲨的帮助，最近在巴哈马海滩发现了一个巨大的海草床，为世界提供了对抗气候变化的工具。本句谓语为was discovered，此处为非谓语动词，此处应填入动词fight“对抗”的不定式，作后置定语，修饰前面的名词tool。故填to fight。 3.highly　考查副词。句意：由于虎鲨与海草生态系统有着高度持续的联系，因此选择虎鲨作为研究工具。此处应填入副词highly“高度地”，修饰后面的形容词consistent，作状语。故填highly。 4.with　考查介词。句意：研究小组给八只虎鲨安装了卫星标签，并首次在鲨鱼身上使用360度摄像机。此处应填入介词with，构成固定搭配equip...with...，意为“用……装备……”。故填with。 5.has been discovered　考查动词时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，世界上最大的海草生态系统已经被发现，面积至少为66 900平方公里。结合时间状语So far可知，句子时态用现在完成时，表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，且主语the world's largest seagrass ecosystem与discover“发现”为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been discovered。 6.faster　考查形容词比较级。句意：在气候变化方面，海草在去除碳方面的速度是热带雨林的35倍。表示两者之间的对比，此处应填入形容词fast的比较级faster“更快的”。故填faster。 7.gone　考查形容词。句意：然而，海草床正在迅速消失，英国超过92%的草床已经消失。此处应填入形容词gone“不复存在”作宾补。故填gone。 8.projects　考查名词的复数。句意：科学家们正在收集种子，并试图通过恢复项目种植新的海草床。空前无冠词修饰，此处应填入可数名词project“项目”的复数形式projects表示泛指，作宾语。故填projects。 9.which　考查定语从句。句意：鲨鱼把我们带到了巴哈马群岛的海草生态系统，这可能是地球上最重要的蓝色碳汇。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the seagrass ecosystem，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 10.global　考查形容词。句意：这一发现向我们展示了海洋探索和研究在解决像气候变化这样的全球性问题中扮演着重要的角色。此处应填入形容词global“全球的”作定语，修饰名词issues。故填 global。 B [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了豆腐的起源和发展。 1.it　考查代词。Legend has it that是固定句型，意为“据传说”，故填it。 2.universally　考查副词。修饰谓语动词应用副词。故填universally。 3.While/Although/Though　考查连词。根据句意可知，此处表示尽管东亚人吃豆腐已有一千多年，但它在全球流行起来却花了更长的时间，故填While/Although/Though。 4.with　考查介词。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，此处考查with复合结构，表示Franklin在伦敦时写了一封信，信上附着一些黄豆。故填with。 5.that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词指物，且因为先行词中含有形容词最高级，故空处只能填关系代词，故填that。 6.an　考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处表示泛指，又因enthusiast的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 7.studying　考查固定搭配。end up doing为固定搭配，意为“以……而告终”，此处指他最终在Montargis的农业学校学习。故填studying。 8.passionate　考查形容词。根据句意可知，此处表示他热衷于在法国推销豆腐，故填passionate。 9.is served　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Nowadays并结合句意可知，此处陈述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时；句子的主语tofu与serve之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；因为主语tofu为不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is served。 10.represented　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作非谓语，represent与the texture “silken”之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词represented。 [续写提能] 语段写作 第一步 1.get off the ground 2.It was right in front of a truck's tire 3.held my hand up so the truck driver wouldn't move forward　bent down to look at the butterfly 4.I found one of its legs was stuck in 5.cupped the butterfly in my hands as gently as I could 6.I spread my hands and it flew up towards the blue sky 7.My own eyes shone brighter 第二步 A butterfly was crazily fluttering its wings but could not get off the ground.It was right in front of a truck's tire.Without thinking I got out of my car, held my hand up so the truck driver wouldn't move forward, and bent down to look at the butterfly. I found one of its legs was stuck in what looked like soda. I reached down and cupped the butterfly in my hands as gently as I could. I lifted its leg up and suddenly it was free. I spread my hands and it flew up towards the blue sky. My own eyes shone brighter and my own heart felt lighter as I watched it. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$