6选择性必修第四册 作业(六) UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION-2025年高二英语暑假作业（人教版）

选择性必修第四册 作业(六)　UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION [能力提升] Ⅰ.1.appreciation　2.muddy　3.Compared　4.urgency　5.weekly　6.appointed　7.or　8.of　9.with 10.to/with Ⅱ.1.fell away　2.took over　3.tested out　4.conflict with　5.had an urge to Ⅲ.1.I'd like to describe how amazing they are 2.they will be more like humans than machines 3.they will help you set aside some time for outdoor exercise 4.you are bound to have a desire for such a wonderful household robot [知能演练] Ⅰ.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了电动汽车被认为是对抗全球气候变暖的一个重要利器，但是科学研究发现电动汽车并非真正环保。 1.B　词义猜测题。根据第二段“Data from REG suggests EVs in Poland actually create more carbon emissions (由REG得到的数据显示波兰的电动汽车实际上造成了更多的碳排放)”可推理出第一段画线单词的含义为计算，故选B。 2.C　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话“Charging in the afternoon, when there's more sun and wind, saves 16 to 18 percent more carbon than at night when electrical systems are more likely to be using gas or coal.(下午的时候光能和风能更多，这个时候充电要比晚上少16%至18%的碳排放，晚上的时候电力系统更有可能使用气或者煤。)”可推知，充电的时间会影响碳排放，故选C。 3.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段“EV sales in Europe are backed by government spending (欧洲电动汽车的销售有政府的财力支持)”可推知，欧洲电动汽车销售快速增长的主要原因是有政府的支持，故选A。 4.D　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Electric vehicles (EVs) are widely considered a strong weapon in efforts against global warming.But are they like what people believe? (电动汽车被广泛地认为是一种对抗全球变暖的利器。但是他们真的像人们认为的那样吗？)”可知，作者在第一段提出了这个话题，后续段落对这个话题进行了分析、解释，由此可知，本文主要讲的是电动汽车并不一定对环境有益，故选D。 Ⅱ.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何变得更有吸引力的方法。 1.F　由上文“You can start feeling more attractive by working on your thoughts or changing up your looks.(你可以通过调整你的想法或改变你的外表来开始感觉更有吸引力。)”和下文“Spending time on your hair or dressing you up will all make you feel like your best, most attractive self.(花时间打理头发或打扮自己都会让你觉得自己是最好、最有魅力的自己。)”可知，上下文在讲帮助人变得更有吸引力的两种方法，F选项“改变你对自己的看法可以帮助你感到有吸引力和自信”切合语境，是另一种帮助人变得更有吸引力的方法。故选F。 2.C　由本段主旨句“Avoid comparing yourself to others.(避免将自己与他人进行比较。)”可知，本段中心为不要跟别人比较，那就是要专注做自己，C选项“相反，要专注于让你与众不同和令人惊叹的东西”切合语境。故选C。 3.B　该空选择本段主旨句，由下文“If you want to feel more attractive, then you shouldn't spend too much time with people who criticize others or themselves.(如果你想感觉更有吸引力，那么你就不应该花太多时间和那些批评别人或自己的人在一起。)”可知，作者建议不要跟那些总是批判别人的人待在一起，B选项“远离过于挑剔的人”切合语境。故选B。 4.D　由本段主旨句“Wear clothes that make you feel attractive.(穿让你觉得有吸引力的衣服。)”和下文“Try to strike a balance between comfort and style.Go for clothes that make you think, ‘I look good in this！’(试着在舒适和时尚之间取得平衡。选择那些让你觉得‘我穿这件衣服很好看！’的衣服。)”可知，作者建议穿自己觉得舒适的衣服，然后在舒适度和风格上面取得一个平衡，D选项“专注于让你自我感觉良好的服装”切合语境。故选D。 5.E　由本段主旨句“Work on your posture.(调整你的姿势。)”和上文“Be aware of your posture and correct it when necessary.For example, make sure you stand up straight.(注意你的姿势，必要时纠正。例如，一定要站直。)”可知，作者建议要从身体姿态入手来变得更有吸引力，E选项“走路时，抬头、双肩向后”切合语境。故选E。 [续写提能] 语段写作 第一步 1.with his eyes fixed/focused on a book 2.he raised/lifted his eyes and looked out of the window 3.with innocent and curious eyes 4.lowered/dropped his eyes only to meet the man's eyes 5.his eyes sparkling/shining with excitement 第二步 John sat beside the window, with his eyes fixed/focused on a book.When he finished the book, he raised/lifted his eyes and looked out of the window.Singing happily, he gazed at the surroundings with innocent and curious eyes.Noticing a man approaching, John first lowered/dropped his eyes only to meet the man's eyes.When he recognised who the visitor was, John opened his mouth wide, his eyes sparkling/shining with excitement. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 　作业(六)　UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION Ⅰ.标记熟悉单词，回查陌生单词 □fiction　　 □bonus □ridiculous integrity □dignity □salary □absurd □appointment □saleswoman □guilty □suspend □ladder □dismiss □declare □whereas rumour □presume □fare □weekly □calculate □chairwoman flour □venue □salesman □alien □blurred □superior □inaction □labour □leather □panel □inch □backwards □grip □hazy □niece □fetch □handkerchief □lamp □pace □division □urge □random □maximum □explode □flip □stun □mud □overstatement Ⅱ.典题展示 (2024·南京外国语学校上学期检测)假定你是李华，某国际学校学生会主席。你校学生会正在向全体学生征集以“中国科学家精神”(The Spirit of Chinese Scientists)为主题的短视频。请你用英文拟一则征稿启事。内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.作品要求； 3.投稿方式及截止时间。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Contributions Wanted ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ The Student Union [佳作品读] Contributions Wanted Hello, everyone! I am Li Hua，president of the Student Union of our school(同位语).Our school is collecting some short videos on the theme of “The Spirit of Chinese Scientists”(动名词作表语).Here is some useful information about this activity. The purpose of this activity is to spread the spirit of perseverance to people(不定式作表语).In addition, the most important thing is that the submitted work should include a scientist(表语从句).Finally, if you want to submit an essay, please send it to our school website, and note that the deadline is October 1st. I hope you can actively participate in our school activities. The_Student_Union Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.(2023·浙江1月卷)I also gained a greater ________(appreciate) for the role that plants play in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. 2.I feel guilty for teasing the innocent child who fell over on the ________ (mud) track. 3.(2023·浙江1月卷)________ (compare)to other alternatives, it's comfortable and relaxing. 4.Because of all this extra time, there was no sense of ________ (urge) to do my school work immediately. 5.Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your ________(week) shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat. 6.(2023·北京卷)I turned up at the ________(appoint) hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest had arrived and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 7.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) To eat one，you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first，releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出)，________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 8.Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me ________ the popular Beatles' song “The Long and Winding Road”. 9.I wanted to come up ________ a healthy, natural way for people to drink when on the go. 10.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities ________ the animals of Yellowstone. Ⅱ.短语填空 conflict with；have an urge to；test out；take over；fall away 1.The view from the peak of the mountain was wonderful and our tiredness ______________. 2.Maria has become my partner since I ________________ the business from my father. 3.The students ________ their ideas in several companies and drew an interesting conclusion. 4.The results of the new research would seem to ________________ existing theories. 5.She ________________ tell someone about what had happened and she couldn't wait any longer. Ⅲ.根据汉语提示完成下面短文 Though it is difficult to predict what future household robots might be like，1.________________________________________(我想描述一下他们是多么令人惊异). You will be alarmed to find that 2.________________________________(他们更像人而不是机器).With their help，you will be free of all household chores，such as cooking，washing，and cleaning.More importantly，equipped with an intelligent computer brain，3.________________________________________(它们能帮你留出时间进行户外锻炼).When accompanied by such household robots at home，the elderly may not feel lonely. Believe it or not，4.________________________________________________(你一定会渴望得到一台这样神奇的家用机器人). Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2024·广东联考)Electric vehicles (EVs) are widely considered a strong weapon in efforts against global warming.But are they like what people believe? The Radiant Energy Group (REG) stated effects of EVs vary with countries.In some nations, EVs lead to the release of more carbon gases than gasoline cars.The group reckoned gas emissions caused by a gasoline vehicle and from charging an EV.Countries where charging an EV is cleaner than driving a gasoline­powered car use a lot of nuclear or solar power. Sales of electric cars are rising the fastest in Europe.Data from REG suggests EVs in Poland actually create more carbon emissions because their electrical systems depend so much on coal.In other European countries, however, EVs result in fewer emissions.The countries with the biggest carbon gas reduction use much clean power.The first was Switzerland at 100 percent carbon reductions over gasoline vehicles. Germany and Spain create lots of electricity from the sun and wind.But the sun and wind don't add to a country's electrical system equally throughout the day.For this reason, carbon emissions saved by driving an EV aren't fixed.Charging in the afternoon, when there's more sun and wind, saves 16 to 18 percent more carbon than at night when electrical systems are more likely to be using gas or coal. The gap in emissions between electric and gasoline­powered vehicles has narrowed in recent years.In Europe, carmakers have been required to meet EU CO2 emissions of performance standards.They've made their gasoline engines more fuel­efficient.As a result, carbon emissions of new gasoline­powered cars in Europe have fallen an average of 25 percent in the past years.But EV sales in Europe are backed by government spending and rules against new gasoline engine cars after 2035.Major automakers have set targets to sell mainly EVs in Europe in the coming years. 1.What does the underlined word “reckoned” mean in paragraph 1? A.Increased.　　 B.Calculated. C.Banned. D.Prevented. 2.What affects carbon emissions of EVs according to paragraph 3? A.The country where they're made. B.Facilities producing clean power. C.The time they are being charged. D.Technology used by electrical systems. 3.What causes sales of EVs to rise quickly in Europe? A.Support of official policies. B.Concern about global warming. C.Standards of gasoline car. D.Advertisements from carmakers. 4.Which can be the best title for the text? A.What Benefits Do EVs Bring? B.Will EVs Replace Gasoline Cars in Europe? C.How Do EVs Affect Carbon Emissions? D.Do Electric Cars Really Help the Environment? Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·贵阳适应性联考) How to Feel More Attractive Everyone wants to feel more attractive.You can start feeling more attractive by working on your thoughts or changing up your looks.__1__.Spending time on your hair or dressing you up will all make you feel like your best, most attractive self. Avoid comparing yourself to others.Comparisons always leave you feeling down because you focus on the best things about someone else and the worst things about yourself, making you come out at the bottom every time.You'll end up setting unrealistic standards for yourself.However, these comparisons are not reality, so don't let them emerge into your mind.__2__. __3__.If you want to feel more attractive, then you shouldn't spend too much time with people who criticize others or themselves.For example, if your work colleague is constantly putting herself down or criticizing your appearance, try to find someone else to have lunch with.Removing sources of negativity can help boost your self­respect. Wear clothes that make you feel attractive.Stop worrying about what others think you should be wearing.__4__.Try to strike a balance between comfort and style.Go for clothes that make you think, “I look good in this！” Donate or sell clothing that doesn't make you feel attractive. Work on your posture.Having good posture can help you feel more attractive and boost your confidence levels.Be aware of your posture and correct it when necessary.For example, make sure you stand up straight.__5__. A.You should wear comfortable clothes B.Stay away from overly critical people C.Instead, focus on what makes you unique and amazing D.Focus on outfits that make you feel good about yourself E.When you walk, keep your head up and your shoulders back F.Changing the way you think about yourself can help you feel attractive and confident G.When you find yourself in the middle of a negative thought, stop the thought in its tracks 动作描写之“眼睛” ★素材积累 固定 短语 ①meet sb's eyes 接触某人的目光 ②stare into one's eyes 凝视某人的眼睛 ③fix/focus one's eyes on 盯着看 ④lower/drop one's eyes 垂下眼睛 ⑤raise/lift one's eyes 抬起眼睛 ⑥one's eyes shine/sparkle/glisten withexcitement某人眼里闪着兴奋的光芒 ★语段写作 第一步　完成句子 1.约翰坐在窗边，目光紧盯着一本书。 John sat beside the window, ________________________________.(with复合结构) 2.他读完书后，抬眼向窗外望去。 When he finished the book, ________________________________________. 3.他高兴地唱着歌，用天真而又好奇的眼睛注视着周围的一切。 Singing happily, he gazed at the surroundings ________________________. 4.约翰注意到有个男人靠近，他垂下双眸，结果却迎上了这个男人的目光。 Noticing a man approaching, John first ________________________________. 5.当认出来人是谁时，约翰张大了嘴巴，眼里闪着兴奋的光芒。 When he recognised who the visitor was, John opened his mouth wide, ________________________________.(独立主格) 第二步　将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$