Unit 10 Section A (1a-2d)（课件）-2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册1

Section A(1a—2d) Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.（听说） 学 习 重 点 单词：yard, sweet, memory, cent, toy, bear, maker, scarf, soft, check, board, junior 短语：have a yard sale, bring back, give away, sweet memories, bread maker, soft toy, board game, a couple of, check out 句型：1. ---How long have you had that bike over there? ---I’ve had it for three years. 2. You can also give old things away to people in need. 3. I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months. 4. I’ve had these soft toys since I was a child. 1.What is a yard sale? Yard sale庭院旧货出售 这是国外的一种售货方式。人们利用周末，将家中搁置不用的物件，放在自家庭院中廉价出售，因而被称作yard sale，也可译作“家庭拍卖会”。庭院售卖的物品种类繁多，大到家具、电器，小到玩具、衣物和鞋帽。这些物品价格合理公道，甚至还可讨价还价。 Lead-in Sell what？ Where？ Why？ They have had a yard sale for many years. presentation 院子 n. 庭院拍卖会 We have had a sweet memory of the bonfire party since last Spring Festival. 篝火晚会 记忆；回忆 n. How much is the toy bear? You can have it for 75 cents. Lily has had the toy bear for three years. 分；分币 n. 玩具 n. We have had a bread maker for three months. 面包机 生产者；制造者n. My daughter has had a scarf and a soft toy since last Monday. 软体玩具；布绒玩具 围巾；披巾；头巾n. We have checked out all the computers,now you can play the board games . 棋类游戏 板；木板n. How long have you had that bike over there? I’ve had it for three years! I learned how to ride a bike on it. 1. How long have you had that bike over there? 那边那辆自行车你买了多久了？ 1a 自主学习 Language points how long在此意为“多久；多长时间”，用来询问时间的长短。 答语常用for或since引导的时间状语从句。 在how long引导的问句中，谓语动词应用延续性动词。 延续性与非延续性动词（短暂性动词） Jeff bought his bike last year.（短暂性动词） Jeff has had his bike for 6 years. （延续性动词） Jeff died 6 years ago.（短暂性动词） Jeff has been death for 6 years. （延续性动词） How long have you had your bike? bought the bike                now ________|_______________________________|__________ 2021 I have had the bike for years. since+时间点 “自…以后; 从…以来” for+时间段 “持续多长时间” I bought this bike in . I have had this bike since . 短暂性动词 延续性动词 buy have I have had the bike since years ago. It is years since I bought this bike. It is+时间段+since+从句用一般过去时 “自...以来已经多长时间” 如：He has been a soldier for three years.    他参军三年了。       His father has been dead for two years.  他父亲去世二年了。       The film has been on for ten minutes.    电影已开始十分钟了。 现在完成时中延续性动词与短暂性动词的用法 短暂性动词是指动作一旦发生就立即结束。它不能和一段时间连用。这类动词有： go, come, arrive, leave, begin, start, join, marry等；短暂性动词的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的for或since或how long等状语连用。 例如：His father got ill. I have received his letter. 不可以说：His father got ill for a week.(x) I have received his letter for three days. 在否定句中，短暂性动词可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 例如：We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time. I suppose something must have happened to her. 延续性动词是指动作发生后还可以延续一段时间或者相当长的一段时间。如：live, work, study, learn, sleep等，延续性动词可以和表示一段的时间状语连用。 值得注意的是，表示一段时间的状语除了“for+一段时间”外，还有since+n./从 第 2 页 句（时间点），since+时间段+ago，疑问词how long，in the past+时间段，all these+时间段，from…to（时间点）以及till/until+n./句子等等。 例如：How long _______ your brother joined the army? A. has  B. had  C. is it since  D. was there that 通过审题，答案B和D很容易被排除，但是稍不注意便会选中答案A；殊不知how long为一段时间的状语，不能与非延续性动词短语has joined连用，所以这题的正确答案是C。 第 3 页 另外，动词的延续性与非延续性还体现在这两种句型中： 延续性动词的肯定式+till/ until      短暂性动词的否定式+till/ until 请看例句：We waited until he came. I didn’t go to bed until my father came back home last night. 如果短暂性动词与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，必须将短暂性动词改为延续性动词。 现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换： 第 4 页         arrive→be here                  begin(start)→be on         die →be dead                    come back→be back         leave →be away (from)            fall ill(sick, asleep)→be ill(sick, asleep)         get up→be up                    go out  →be out         finish →be over                  put on  →wear或be on         open →be open                  join →be in或be a member of… 第 5 页         close →be closed                  go to school→be a student         borrow →keep                    buy/get  →have                    catch(a cold)→ have(a cold)          get to know →know         begin to study→study                come to work→work move to → live in                  finish/end → be over come to → be in                  sit down → be seated 第 6 页 marry → be married                dress → be dressed等 我不知道说什么。 I don’t know what to say. __ Jeff’s family is having a yard sale. __ Amy thinks it’s hard to sell her old things. __ Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years. __ Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. __ You can also give old things away to people in need. 1b Listen and check (√) the facts you hear. book magazine toy bear toy lion toy tiger bread maker sweater dress hat scarf Listen and check (√) the things Amy’s family are giving away and circle the things they are keeping. 2a 1. Amy has had her favorite _____ for three years. 2. Amy has had the toy _____ since she was a _____. 3. Amy’s mom has had the old bread maker for more than _____ years. 4. Amy can give away the ______ and ________ because they do not fit her anymore. book bear baby ten sweater dress Listen again and fill in the blanks. 2b Listen and read the conversation, then answer the questions. 2d 1.Where are they? 2.What is Amy giving away? At the Sunshine Home for Children. A magazine,some soft toys and board games, a sweater and a dress,a bread maker. Linda: Welcome to the Sunshine Home for Children. I’m Linda. Amy: Hi, I’m Amy. I have some things for the kids. I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months. The stories inside may be a bit old, but they are still interesting. Linda: Great! Many children here love reading. Amy: And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids. I’ve had them since I was a child. There’s also a sweater and a dress. Linda: Perfect! We always need toys and clothes. Amy: One last thing is a bread maker. My mom's had it for a long time but it still works. Linda: Thanks so much! Role-play Pair-work Have a yard sale with your partners. 提示：1. 可使用听力材料及2d 2. 必须使用目标句型 A: How long have you had it? B: I have had it for +时间段 I have had it since+时间点 ... 1.How long have you had…? 现在完成时的特殊疑问句, 其结构为“疑问词+have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他?”. Sum-up How long have you studied Chinese? 你学汉语多长时间了? 2. since 自……以来 since+时间点/ since+一段时间+ago/ since+时间状语从句 since 2009 since 2 years ago since I was nine years old. 3. for +一段时间 $$