暑假作业09 说明文阅读-【暑假分层作业】2025年八年级英语暑假培优练（外研版）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业09 说明文阅读 说明文阅读解题技巧 一、解题核心步骤：“三步定位法” 1. 预读题干，圈定关键词 操作：先浏览题目，划出人名、数字、专有名词（如学科术语）、否定词（not/except）等核心定位词。 示例：若题干问 “Why do ants count their steps?”，圈出 “ants”“count steps”，便于快速定位文中相关段落。 2. 略读全文，把握结构 重点：说明文常按 “引言（现象 / 问题）→主体（分点说明）→结论（影响 / 建议）” 结构展开，每段首句多为主题句。 技巧：用 30 秒快速扫读各段首句，标注 “First/Moreover/However” 等逻辑词，梳理文章框架。 3. 精准定位，对比选项 原则：根据关键词回文定位，将选项与原文信息逐词对比，注意同义替换（如 “avoid getting lost”=“prevent losing their way”）。 警惕陷阱：排除 “无中生有（原文未提及）”“偷换概念（如将 “蚂蚁” 改为 “蜜蜂”）”“过度推断” 的选项。 二、分题型解题技巧 1. 细节理解题：“关键词 + 同义替换” 直接细节题：题干关键词与原文重合（如数字、专有名词），答案多为原文原句或同义改写。 间接细节题：需整合多句信息（如因果关系、方式方法），注意 “because/as a result of” 等逻辑词。 示例：原文 “A certain kind of ants can count their steps to avoid getting lost.” 对应题干 “Why do ants count steps?”，答案即 “To prevent losing their way.”（同义替换 “avoid getting lost”）。 2. 推理判断题：“忠于原文，拒绝联想” 不选原文直接表述的内容（推理题答案需 “隐含” 于文中）。 依据作者态度词（如 “useful/important” 表支持，“problem/challenge” 表担忧）推断立场。 示例：若文中提到 “Solar power is clean but expensive.”，可推断 “太阳能的缺点是成本高”，但不可推断 “未来会被淘汰”（原文无依据）。 3. 词义猜测题：“上下文逻辑 + 构词法” 上下文线索：通过并列（and）、转折（but）、举例（for example）猜词。如 “Some animals hibernate, such as bears and frogs.” 可推出 “hibernate” 意为 “冬眠”。 构词法：如 “un+happy”=“不高兴”，“re+build”=“重建”。 4. 主旨大意题：“主题句 + 各段核心” 主题句多在首段首句或末段总结句（如 “In conclusion, ...”）。 若段落无明显主题句，归纳各段关键词（如反复出现的 “ant/navigation”），排除 “细节化” 或 “范围过大” 的选项。 示例：文章围绕 “蚂蚁通过计数步数导航” 展开，正确标题应为 “The Navigation Skill of Ants”，而非 “All Animals’ Ways to Avoid Getting Lost”（范围过大）。 5. 标题归纳题：“精准 + 简洁 + 涵盖全文” 判断标准： 标题需包含文章核心对象（如 “声波”“蚂蚁”）和主要事件（如 “工作原理”“生存技巧”）。 避免 “片面化” 标题（如只讲 “蚂蚁计数步骤” 而忽略 “导航目的”）。 6. 指代关系题：“前指原则 + 代入验证” 操作：代词（it/they/this）通常指代前一句的主语或宾语，将候选词代入原句，通顺即正确。 示例：“Scientists studied the process and found it effective.” 中 “it” 指代前半句 “the process”。 7. 写作手法题：“标记逻辑词 + 分析结构” 若文中出现 “for example/like”，为举例子； 出现 “more than/while”，为作比较； 出现 “first/then”，为时间顺序； 出现 “because/as”，为分析原因。 8. 跨学科综合题：“结合文中信息 + 学科常识” 若涉及物理、数学等知识（如 广东2024 年声波坐标题），优先从文中找解释（如 “声波频率越高，坐标值越大”），再结合学科基础解题。 切勿仅凭常识判断，需以文中信息为唯一依据。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 01 Life in space is very different from life on Earth. Astronauts have to face many challenges.   Food is one of the problems. In space, astronauts can’t eat the same food as we do on Earth. Their food is made in a special way. It is often dry or put in small boxes. They need to mix water with some of the food before eating. And they must be careful not to let the food fly away.   Sleeping is also hard. Astronauts sleep in special bags. They need to tie the sleeping bags to the wall or their beds because there is no gravity (重力). If they don’t do this, they will move around in the spaceship.   Astronauts also have to exercise regularly. Without gravity, their bodies will become weak. So they usually use special exercise machines in the spaceship to stay strong.   Communication is another challenge. Astronauts can speak to people on Earth. ▲ . Sometimes they have to wait for a few seconds or even longer to get an answer.   Even with these problems, astronauts like their life in space. They get to see the beautiful Earth from above and do science tests that can’t be done on Earth. 1．Which one may be the best food in space? A． B． C． D． 2．Why do astronauts need to tie the sleeping bags to the wall? A．Because they can see the beautiful earth. B．Because it is more comfortable. C．Because they can do exercise. D．Because they won’t fly away. 3．What does the underlined word “regularly” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Often. B．Less. C．Carefully. D．Quickly. 4．Which of the following can be put in the “ ▲ ” in the fifth paragraph? A．So they keep in touch all the time. B．And they can call them in space. C．But there is a wait because of the far distance. D．Because they speak in the same language. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Differences between Space and the Earth B．Astronauts’ life and Challenges in Space C．Astronauts like living in Space D．Journey to Space 02 Have you ever tried to solve problems using AI? What AI tools do you usually use? For over three months this year, the world has been very excited about a new AI model called Deep-Seek. The new AI first appeared on January 20th and became the first free app in the App Store. It is designed to explore deep into data, just like a scientist doing research. It uses advanced algorithms and artificial intelligence (AI) to help analyzing and solving your problems quickly and exactly according to the information you offer. It is like a super-smart helper that never stops learning. One of the coolest things about Deep-Seek is its ability to process huge amounts of data (数据) in seconds. Imagine trying to read a library full of books in one day—________, but not for Deep-Seek! This makes it a powerful tool for scientists and researchers who need to solve difficult problems. But Deep-Seek isn’t just for experts. It’s also helping students like you learn better. For example, it can tell you some study materials that you want. This means you can focus on what you need to improve, making learning more easily and fun. In the future, Deep-Seek could help us solve some of the world’s biggest problems, like climate change or finding new energy sources. However, Deep-Seek is not just a tool—it’s a gateway to a brighter, smarter future. Maybe one day, you’ll be part of the team that takes Deep-Seek to even greater heights! 1．When did Deep-Seek appear? A．In June, 2024. B．In July, 2025. C．In January, 2025. D．In January, 2024. 2．What does the underline word “algorithms” most likely mean in Paragraph 2? A．A type of computer. B．A set of rules or steps to solve a problem. C．A kind of book. D．A tool for writing stories. 3．What can we put into the blank “________”? A．Which is impossible for humans B．Which is easy for humans C．Which is boring for humans D．Which is unnecessary for humans 4．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Scientists B．Data C．Deep-Seek D．Problems 5．What is the Best Title of the passage? A．Deep-Seek is a technology that only helps students study better. B．Deep-Seek is only used by scientists and researchers. C．Deep-Seek is a new type of computer game. D．Deep-Seek is an advanced tool that uses AI to analyze data and solve problems. 03 China’s Manned Space Agency (CMSA) has named its new spacesuit for future moon missions “Wangyue”, meaning “Looking into the Universe”. The name reflects Chinese culture and the spirit of space exploration. The spacesuit was first shown to the public on September 28th, 2024. It is designed for China’s plan to send astronauts to the moon by 2030. The suit uses advanced technology to keep astronauts safe and comfortable. ①Spacesuit material It can be very cold or very hot. There is also a lot of dust. To protect the astronauts, scientists made the spacesuit with a special material. ②Control panel (控制台) There is a control panel on the front of the spacesuit. It can do many things and is very easy to use. ④Visor (头盔面窗) The helmet has a special visor. It can stop the bright sunlight from hurting the astronauts’ eyes. It also helps them see everything around them clearly. ③Cameras There are cameras on both sides of the helmet. They can take videos of things close up and far away. ⑤Joints (关节) The joints of the spacesuit can bend easily. Astronauts can move their arms and legs easily in space. 1．What does the name “Wangyue” mean? A．Flying to the moon. B．Exploring the universe. C．Protecting astronauts. D．Studying the future. 2．Why is the special material used in the spacesuit important? A．It makes the spacesuit look more beautiful. B．It keeps astronauts safe in bad conditions. C．It helps the spacesuit last much longer. D．It makes the spacesuit cheaper to make. 3．What is the function of the visor on the helmet? A．It helps astronauts take better pictures. B．It protects eyes and makes our sight clear. C．It makes communication with Earth easier. D．It reduces the weight of the helmet. 4．Which part of the spacesuit helps astronauts move freely? A．The control panel. B．The cameras. C．The joints. D．The visor. 5．What can we infer from the passage about China’s space exploration? A．China will send astronauts to Mars by 2030. B．China copies others’ advanced spacesuit designs. C．China cares more about spacesuits than spacecraft. D．China is preparing for long-term space missions. 04 The lion dance is a cultural bridge. It acts like a magic rope that pulls the East and the West together, and also links the past and the present. Its lively moves and bright colors are so attractive that a large number of people around the world fall in love with its beauty and the deep meaning hidden in every performance. In 2024, the World Lion Dance Championship was held in Nanjing, and this event perfectly showed how popular the lion dance is. More than 100 players from different countries, near and far, came to take part. They brought their own unique styles, making the competition full of excitement. Kelvin Tran, born in Sydney, has family from China. As a child, he often watched lion dance shows. At the age of 8, he started learning it. In 2018, he helped create a lion dance team in Australia. “Now we have 70 members. It’s growing fast. We are so happy to share the lion dance with more people,” he said with a big smile. Azmi, a Malaysian artist, has no Chinese family. But 20 years ago, a lion dance show made him love this art. Now, he runs a restaurant but he still makes sure to practice three days a week. “It’s not just a hobby for me. It has become a big part of my life. I really wish I could practice it every single day,” he told us sincerely. Kiki, a 25-year-old Chinese girl, was among the audience watching the competition. She said in surprise, “Before this, I always thought lion dance was only a traditional thing in China. But now, I am so amazed to find out that many other countries have their own special ways of performing it.” In a word, the lion dance is not just a performance. It is a powerful way that brings people from different places closer and helps these wonderful traditions stay alive and well. It will surely continue to shine brightly and spread its charm around the world. 1．What does the phrase “cultural bridge” mean in Paragraph 1? A．A physical path between countries. B．A symbol linking different traditions. C．A famous festival in the East. D．A tool for international competitions. 2．Why did Kelvin Tran start learning lion dance? A．He was inspired by watching performances as a child. B．His grandparents taught him Chinese traditions. C．His parents wanted him to join a cultural team. D．A family friend invited him to a lion dance group. 3．What is Azmi’s daily job? A．He is a restaurant owner. B．He is a professional lion dancer. C．He is a traditional art teacher. D．He is a museum guide. 4．What is the main purpose of the article? A．To compare lion dance styles in different countries. B．To explain the steps of performing lion dance. C．To show how lion dance unites people globally. D．To advertise the 2024 World Lion Dance Championship. 5．In which newspaper section would you most likely find this article? A．Sports. B．Business. C．Culture. D．Science. 05 The film Ne Zha 2 came out on January 29, 2025, and it got great success. Ne Zha flies in the sky on his fire round things, and his red scarf looks really cool as it waves in the air. Ne Zha 2 has attracted great attention around the world. It has not only been a great success in China but also matched the success of some of Hollywood’s most popular movies. It has won the heart of movie fans from all over the world. For example, at the first public showing in Sydney, Australia, a large number of local movie fans lined up to watch it. Ne Zha 2 teaches us important lessons about life. It tells us to be brave when facing problems, to fight for what is right, and to care a lot about getting along well with friends. These ideas are meaningful for people. That’s the reason why the movie is so popular. Ne Zha 2 also shares Chinese culture with the world. It includes ideas from Taoism (道教) and the Sichuan dialect (方言). The music in the movie is special too, with traditional instruments like the suona and pipa. These make the film more interesting and help people around the world learn about Chinese culture. Ne Zha 2 is a great example of Chinese cartoon. It brings traditional Chinese characters to life and shows Chinese culture in the film. With the development of Chinese films, films like Ne Zha 2 can help people from different countries understand and enjoy Chinese stories, building bridges between cultures. 1．When did people have the chance to watch Ne Zha 2? A．On January 29, 2024. B．On January 29, 2025. C．On January 19, 2025. D．On January 29, 2026. 2．How does the writer show the success of Ne Zha 2? A．By listing numbers. B．By telling stories. C．By giving examples. D．By making comparisons. 3．What important life lesson is NOT mentioned in the film? A．To be brave when having problems. B．To always follow the rules. C．To fight for what is correct. D．Pay much attention to getting on with friends. 4．What does the underlined word attracted mean in the passage? A．caught B．invented C．fought D．expected 5．According to the last paragraph, the writer probably expects ________? A．Chinese films to show Chinese cultures and build bridges between cultures B．Chinese films to show how heroes fight bad people C．Chinese films to help people around the world understand Chinese food D．Chinese films to match the success of some Hollywood’s films 01 Do you ever feel worried about school? Many students experience stress (压力) when they have too much homework, tests, or feel difficult to get high marks. This is called school stress, and it’s really normal! Let’s talk about why it happens and how to manage it. It’s common to have school stress. Some students feel stressed because of high hopes from others. For example, parents or teachers might want them to get perfect grades, making students feel they are never doing well enough. Others feel stressed from comparing themselves to classmates. When they see others doing better, it seems like that they need to keep up all the time. Perfectionism (完美主义) is also another reason. Wanting to be the best at everything is great, but it can also make you feel stressed when things aren’t perfect. In some ways, stress can be helpful. It can help you work harder. However, too much stress can cause negative feelings, such as worry, sadness and nervousness. For example, you will have trouble focusing or remembering what you studied. It may cause kinds of headaches, tiredness, or trouble sleeping. What’s worse, you may feel like you don’t enjoy learning anymore. If school stress has caused you trouble, here are some simple ways to feel better. The good news is that there are easy things you can do to reduce stress. First, break it down. Instead of trying to study everything at once, make a simple plan. Study for 30 minutes, then take a short break. Second, sleep well. Your brain needs rest! Try to get 8 hours of sleep each night to feel refreshed. Third, have fun. Playing sports, drawing, or listening to music can help you relax and forget about stress for a while. Please remember, it’s okay not to be perfect! Doing your best is what really matters. 1．What is the main idea of the first paragraph? A．How to get better grades B．What school stress is C．Why students need sleep D．When tests should happen 2．Which is a cause of school stress? A．High hope from parents B．Wanting to be perfect C．Comparing with classmates D．All of the above 3．What does the underlined word “negative” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Deep B．Terrible C．Warm D．Strange 4．How many ways are mentioned to help reduce stress? A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．How to Always Get Stress B．Why Teachers Give Tests C．School Stress: Causes and Cures D．The History of School Stress 02 Skywells, or tian jing, used to play a key role in keeping people’s homes cool in southern and eastern China. Could they do it again today? Skywells were designed to cool people’s homes naturally before air-conditioning. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the incoming wind travels down the walls to the bottom and create airflows by replacing warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening. Even though skywell buildings have existed in China for hundreds of years, in recent times they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern facilities. Over the past two decades, however, they have been making a comeback. Yu Youhong, a craftsman, has spent more than 30 years bringing back skywell homes. He expects skywells to be more and more popular among younger generations because of their ventilation (通风) and lighting functions, especially as sustainability (可持续) becomes more important for new buildings. Architects are now looking towards the principles (原理) behind skywells while designing new buildings to save energy. One example is a research centre in Jinan, Shandong province. Its 18-storey glass-walled tower block has a giant skywell in the middle. The elevators, toilets and meeting rooms are all situated around it, which helps improve the lighting and ventilation of the centre and reduces the use of energy. Although ancient “green wisdom” like skywells continues to inspire today’s architecture, there are some challenges for bringing skywells into modern designs, according to Wang Zhengfeng, a researcher at Leiden University in the Netherlands. Because traditional skywells are highly dependent on their natural surroundings-for example, the amount of sunlight or rainfall-it is difficult to apply them as a universal solution, she explains. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．What skywells look like. B．When skywells appeared. C．Why skywells were designed. D．How skywells cool the house. 2．What does “making a comeback” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A．Showing importance. B．Regaining popularity. C．Making improvements. D．Going back to the past. 3．Why does the writer mention the tower block in Paragraph 4? A．To introduce how the building was designed. B．To explain why architects find skywells inspiring. C．To show skywells can be used in today’s buildings. D．To prove modern skywells differ from ancient ones. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Skywells will be widely used in the future. B．Osing skywells needs careful consideration. C．City environment is not suitable for skywells. D．Skywells can’t help solve environmental problems. 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Skywells: Ancient Wisdom for Modern Times B．Skywells: The Secrets of Chinese Architecture C．Skywells: A Green Structure Needs Improving D．Skywells: A Traditional Design to Be Protected 03 As it is known to all of us, living in space can be very different from that on Earth. One of the most important differences is that there is no gravity (重力) in space. So many people think living things can’t develop well in space. ▲ A team of American scientists sent mouse embryos (胚胎) to space in August 202l. Then astronauts let them grow on the space station for four days. Guess what happened? The mouse embryos successfully developed just like they do on Earth! The different environment didn’t prevent the development of mouse embryos. The scientists soon shared their study online in the scientific magazine Science. They clearly pointed out that gravity might not bring as many differences to the development of these mouse embryos as they had thought before. When the mouse embryos were sent back to Earth, the scientists also checked their DNAs and genes (基因). They found that they were still the same. However, they still needed to do more studies to make sure everything was okay with the embryos. This surprising research is the first to suggest that mouse embryos can successfully develop in the special environment of space. The team’s next plan is to place these embryos into the mice to see if they can give birth. If that goes well, it may not be impossible for us to see space babies in the future! 1．Which sentence can be put in ________? A．Soon children would like to travel to space. B．Many researchers are trying to solve the problems. C．However, there are also several bad sides about this. D．However, a new discovery may prove (证明) they’re wrong. 2．The underlined word “prevent” in paragraph 2 probably means “________ ” . A．stop B．allow C．follow D．afford 3．What can we learn from the third paragraph? A．The embryos’ DNAs didn’t change in space. B．Something was wrong with the embryos in space. C．Gravity brings many differences to the embryos’ growth. D．The mouse embryos in space shared different genes. 4．Next, the research team is going to ________. A．put the embryos into the mice B．send more mouse embryos to space C．take some human babies to space D．study if mice could give birth in space. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The possibility of developing living things in space. B．The discovery of normal growth of mouse embryos in space. C．The activities of American astronauts on the space station. D．The future of giving birth to mouse babies in space. 04 ①Can you imagine an AI chat-bot competing with you in an examination? Do you think you could get higher scores than it? A new AI chat-bot called ChatGPT recently passed a law school exam! Sounds crazy? The use of ChatGPT has raised heated discussions in the education world. ②ChatGPT was developed by US company Open AI. It is a powerful and useful tool. You can ask it to write stories and emails, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions. According to a US survey of more than 1000 students, over 89 percent of them have used ChatGPT to help with homework. Some schools in the US do not allow students to use it. For example, New York City public schools don’t allow students and teachers to use ChatGPT on the district's networks and devices (设备). ③The measure (措施) comes out of worries that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on homework. Some also worry that ChatGPT could be used to spread incorrect information. ④“It does not develop thinking quality and problem-solving skills, which are necessary for studying and lifelong success,” said Jenna Lyle, the deputy press secretary of the New York City Department of Education. Apart from bans (禁令), teachers are making changes to their classes to prevent (阻止) the use of ChatGPT. Some college teachers in the US try to include more speaking exams and handwritten papers instead of typed ones. ⑤However, not all educators say “no” to ChatGPT. Some Canadian universities are making rules on its use, for both students and teachers. They have no plans to completely ban the tool so far. Some people said that bans on AI software like ChatGPT are not wise. “We have to know that AI is a tool people will use, What we need to do is “change our learning, teaching and examinations”. In that way, we can be honest while recognizing the use of the tool. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving some facts. B．By showing some opinions. C．By telling some stories. D．By asking some questions. 2．Why do some schools in the US prevent the use of ChatGPT? A．Because it can never make any mistakes. B．Because it can take the place of teachers. C．Because it may make something dishonest happen. D．Because it can hardly provide correct information. 3．What does Jenna Lyle think of ChatGPT? A．ChatGPT is the smartest AI chatbot tool so far. B．ChatGPT is used to spread the wrong information. C．ChatGPT is not good for developing students’ thinking quality and skills. D．ChatGPT is necessary for studying and lifelong success. 4．Which opinion is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．The complete ban on using ChatGPT is not wise. B．ChatGPT will completely change the education. C．Using ChatGPT may have bad influence on students’ thinking quality. D．Using ChatGPT will change the way of teaching. 5．What’s the structure (结构) of the article? A． B． C． D． 05 Rainforests are amazing places full of different kinds of plants, food, birds and animals. Can you believe that a single forest in the Amazon may have more kinds of ants than the whole of Britain! And in just one small part of the rainforest, there can be about 480 different kinds of trees. Rainforests have a smart way of staying healthy. The tall trees make a canopy (树冠层) of branches (树枝) and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavy rain, great dry heat from the sun and strong winds. They really play an important role in the health of the rainforests. The trees in the rainforests grow in an interesting way. Even though they are close to each other, their branches and leaves never touch those of another tree. Scientists think this is the trees’ way to protect themselves so that they won’t get diseases from another tree. It also makes it more difficult for insects, which eat leaves, to move from one tree to another. To live in the forest, animals must climb, jump or fly across the space between trees. Rainforests get their name for a reason —they get a lot of rain! They can make 75% of their own rain. At least 80 inches of rain a year is normal, and in some areas, there may be as much as 430 inches of rain every year. In just two hours, rivers can rise ten to twenty feet. The humidity (湿气) of large rainforests helps to form rainclouds that may travel to other countries which are in need of rain. Rainforests are a part of nature that help support the environment and keep our planet healthy. 1．What can we learn about rainforests from the first paragraph? A．They cover a large area. B．They have a lot of wildlife. C．They are managed by humans D．They provide food for people. 2．What does the underlined word “They” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Tall trees. B．Smaller plants. C．Forest animals. D．Strong winds. 3．Why do the trees’ branches and leaves never touch those of another tree? A．To get more sunlight. B．To protect themselves. C．To have more growing space. D．To make insects move easily. 4．Which of the following best describes rainforests according to the last paragraph? A．Famous. B．Dangerous. C．Dirty. D．Important. 5．What is the purpose of the text? A．To tell the weather in rainforests B．To warn the danger in rainforests C．To give an introduction of rainforests. D．To encourage protection of rainforests. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业09 说明文阅读 说明文阅读解题技巧 一、解题核心步骤：“三步定位法” 1. 预读题干，圈定关键词 操作：先浏览题目，划出人名、数字、专有名词（如学科术语）、否定词（not/except）等核心定位词。 示例：若题干问 “Why do ants count their steps?”，圈出 “ants”“count steps”，便于快速定位文中相关段落。 2. 略读全文，把握结构 重点：说明文常按 “引言（现象 / 问题）→主体（分点说明）→结论（影响 / 建议）” 结构展开，每段首句多为主题句。 技巧：用 30 秒快速扫读各段首句，标注 “First/Moreover/However” 等逻辑词，梳理文章框架。 3. 精准定位，对比选项 原则：根据关键词回文定位，将选项与原文信息逐词对比，注意同义替换（如 “avoid getting lost”=“prevent losing their way”）。 警惕陷阱：排除 “无中生有（原文未提及）”“偷换概念（如将 “蚂蚁” 改为 “蜜蜂”）”“过度推断” 的选项。 二、分题型解题技巧 1. 细节理解题：“关键词 + 同义替换” 直接细节题：题干关键词与原文重合（如数字、专有名词），答案多为原文原句或同义改写。 间接细节题：需整合多句信息（如因果关系、方式方法），注意 “because/as a result of” 等逻辑词。 示例：原文 “A certain kind of ants can count their steps to avoid getting lost.” 对应题干 “Why do ants count steps?”，答案即 “To prevent losing their way.”（同义替换 “avoid getting lost”）。 2. 推理判断题：“忠于原文，拒绝联想” 不选原文直接表述的内容（推理题答案需 “隐含” 于文中）。 依据作者态度词（如 “useful/important” 表支持，“problem/challenge” 表担忧）推断立场。 示例：若文中提到 “Solar power is clean but expensive.”，可推断 “太阳能的缺点是成本高”，但不可推断 “未来会被淘汰”（原文无依据）。 3. 词义猜测题：“上下文逻辑 + 构词法” 上下文线索：通过并列（and）、转折（but）、举例（for example）猜词。如 “Some animals hibernate, such as bears and frogs.” 可推出 “hibernate” 意为 “冬眠”。 构词法：如 “un+happy”=“不高兴”，“re+build”=“重建”。 4. 主旨大意题：“主题句 + 各段核心” 主题句多在首段首句或末段总结句（如 “In conclusion, ...”）。 若段落无明显主题句，归纳各段关键词（如反复出现的 “ant/navigation”），排除 “细节化” 或 “范围过大” 的选项。 示例：文章围绕 “蚂蚁通过计数步数导航” 展开，正确标题应为 “The Navigation Skill of Ants”，而非 “All Animals’ Ways to Avoid Getting Lost”（范围过大）。 5. 标题归纳题：“精准 + 简洁 + 涵盖全文” 判断标准： 标题需包含文章核心对象（如 “声波”“蚂蚁”）和主要事件（如 “工作原理”“生存技巧”）。 避免 “片面化” 标题（如只讲 “蚂蚁计数步骤” 而忽略 “导航目的”）。 6. 指代关系题：“前指原则 + 代入验证” 操作：代词（it/they/this）通常指代前一句的主语或宾语，将候选词代入原句，通顺即正确。 示例：“Scientists studied the process and found it effective.” 中 “it” 指代前半句 “the process”。 7. 写作手法题：“标记逻辑词 + 分析结构” 若文中出现 “for example/like”，为举例子； 出现 “more than/while”，为作比较； 出现 “first/then”，为时间顺序； 出现 “because/as”，为分析原因。 8. 跨学科综合题：“结合文中信息 + 学科常识” 若涉及物理、数学等知识（如 广东2024 年声波坐标题），优先从文中找解释（如 “声波频率越高，坐标值越大”），再结合学科基础解题。 切勿仅凭常识判断，需以文中信息为唯一依据。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 01 Life in space is very different from life on Earth. Astronauts have to face many challenges.   Food is one of the problems. In space, astronauts can’t eat the same food as we do on Earth. Their food is made in a special way. It is often dry or put in small boxes. They need to mix water with some of the food before eating. And they must be careful not to let the food fly away.   Sleeping is also hard. Astronauts sleep in special bags. They need to tie the sleeping bags to the wall or their beds because there is no gravity (重力). If they don’t do this, they will move around in the spaceship.   Astronauts also have to exercise regularly. Without gravity, their bodies will become weak. So they usually use special exercise machines in the spaceship to stay strong.   Communication is another challenge. Astronauts can speak to people on Earth. ▲ . Sometimes they have to wait for a few seconds or even longer to get an answer.   Even with these problems, astronauts like their life in space. They get to see the beautiful Earth from above and do science tests that can’t be done on Earth. 1．Which one may be the best food in space? A． B． C． D． 2．Why do astronauts need to tie the sleeping bags to the wall? A．Because they can see the beautiful earth. B．Because it is more comfortable. C．Because they can do exercise. D．Because they won’t fly away. 3．What does the underlined word “regularly” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Often. B．Less. C．Carefully. D．Quickly. 4．Which of the following can be put in the “ ▲ ” in the fifth paragraph? A．So they keep in touch all the time. B．And they can call them in space. C．But there is a wait because of the far distance. D．Because they speak in the same language. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Differences between Space and the Earth B．Astronauts’ life and Challenges in Space C．Astronauts like living in Space D．Journey to Space 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要围绕太空生活的特殊性展开，具体描述了宇航员面临的饮食、睡眠、锻炼、通信等挑战，同时也提到他们享受独特的太空视角和科研机会。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“It is often dry or puts in small boxes. They need to mix water with some of the food before eating.”可知，太空食品通常是干燥的或装在小盒子里，食用前需加水混合。选项中“干燥食品”符合这一描述。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“They need to tie the sleeping bags to the wall... because there is no gravity. If they don’t do this, they will move around in the spaceship.”可知，由于太空中没有重力，不把睡袋固定在墙上会导致宇航员在飞船中飘动。故选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据第四段“Without gravity, their bodies will become weak. So they usually use special exercise machines...”可知，宇航员需要“经常”锻炼以保持身体强壮，“regularly”意为“经常地”，与“often”同义。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段前句提到“Astronauts can speak to people on Earth.”，后句指出“Sometimes they have to wait for a few seconds...”，可知，前后存在转折关系，说明因距离远导致通信有延迟。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。根据文章首段点明“Astronauts have to face many challenges.”，接着从食物、睡眠、锻炼、通信等方面介绍太空生活的挑战及应对方式可知，选项B“Astronauts’ life and Challenges in Space.”全面概括了文章主旨。故选B。 02 Have you ever tried to solve problems using AI? What AI tools do you usually use? For over three months this year, the world has been very excited about a new AI model called Deep-Seek. The new AI first appeared on January 20th and became the first free app in the App Store. It is designed to explore deep into data, just like a scientist doing research. It uses advanced algorithms and artificial intelligence (AI) to help analyzing and solving your problems quickly and exactly according to the information you offer. It is like a super-smart helper that never stops learning. One of the coolest things about Deep-Seek is its ability to process huge amounts of data (数据) in seconds. Imagine trying to read a library full of books in one day—________, but not for Deep-Seek! This makes it a powerful tool for scientists and researchers who need to solve difficult problems. But Deep-Seek isn’t just for experts. It’s also helping students like you learn better. For example, it can tell you some study materials that you want. This means you can focus on what you need to improve, making learning more easily and fun. In the future, Deep-Seek could help us solve some of the world’s biggest problems, like climate change or finding new energy sources. However, Deep-Seek is not just a tool—it’s a gateway to a brighter, smarter future. Maybe one day, you’ll be part of the team that takes Deep-Seek to even greater heights! 1．When did Deep-Seek appear? A．In June, 2024. B．In July, 2025. C．In January, 2025. D．In January, 2024. 2．What does the underline word “algorithms” most likely mean in Paragraph 2? A．A type of computer. B．A set of rules or steps to solve a problem. C．A kind of book. D．A tool for writing stories. 3．What can we put into the blank “________”? A．Which is impossible for humans B．Which is easy for humans C．Which is boring for humans D．Which is unnecessary for humans 4．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Scientists B．Data C．Deep-Seek D．Problems 5．What is the Best Title of the passage? A．Deep-Seek is a technology that only helps students study better. B．Deep-Seek is only used by scientists and researchers. C．Deep-Seek is a new type of computer game. D．Deep-Seek is an advanced tool that uses AI to analyze data and solve problems. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了新型AI模型Deep-Seek的功能、特点及其应用场景。 1．细节理解题。根据“For over three months this year, the world has been very excited about a new AI model called Deep-Seek...The new AI first appeared on January 20th and became the first free app in the App Store. ”可知，Deep-Seek于2025年1月首次亮相。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第2段“It uses advanced algorithms…”的上下文可知，algorithms是AI用于分析和解决问题的工具。B项“解决问题的规则或步骤”符合技术语境。故选B。 3．推理判断题。空白处前文提到“一天内读完图书馆所有书”，后文强调“但对Deep-Seek来说不难”，所以此处需填入人类难以完成的事。A项“对人类来说不可能”符合逻辑对比。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据第3段“This makes it a powerful tool for scientists and researchers who need to solve difficult problems.”可知，“it”指代前文主语Deep-Seek（处理数据的能力）。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。全文围绕Deep-Seek的AI功能（数据分析、快速学习、多场景应用）展开。D项“使用AI分析数据并解决问题的先进工具”全面概括核心内容。故选D。 03 China’s Manned Space Agency (CMSA) has named its new spacesuit for future moon missions “Wangyue”, meaning “Looking into the Universe”. The name reflects Chinese culture and the spirit of space exploration. The spacesuit was first shown to the public on September 28th, 2024. It is designed for China’s plan to send astronauts to the moon by 2030. The suit uses advanced technology to keep astronauts safe and comfortable. ①Spacesuit material It can be very cold or very hot. There is also a lot of dust. To protect the astronauts, scientists made the spacesuit with a special material. ②Control panel (控制台) There is a control panel on the front of the spacesuit. It can do many things and is very easy to use. ④Visor (头盔面窗) The helmet has a special visor. It can stop the bright sunlight from hurting the astronauts’ eyes. It also helps them see everything around them clearly. ③Cameras There are cameras on both sides of the helmet. They can take videos of things close up and far away. ⑤Joints (关节) The joints of the spacesuit can bend easily. Astronauts can move their arms and legs easily in space. 1．What does the name “Wangyue” mean? A．Flying to the moon. B．Exploring the universe. C．Protecting astronauts. D．Studying the future. 2．Why is the special material used in the spacesuit important? A．It makes the spacesuit look more beautiful. B．It keeps astronauts safe in bad conditions. C．It helps the spacesuit last much longer. D．It makes the spacesuit cheaper to make. 3．What is the function of the visor on the helmet? A．It helps astronauts take better pictures. B．It protects eyes and makes our sight clear. C．It makes communication with Earth easier. D．It reduces the weight of the helmet. 4．Which part of the spacesuit helps astronauts move freely? A．The control panel. B．The cameras. C．The joints. D．The visor. 5．What can we infer from the passage about China’s space exploration? A．China will send astronauts to Mars by 2030. B．China copies others’ advanced spacesuit designs. C．China cares more about spacesuits than spacecraft. D．China is preparing for long-term space missions. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国载人航天工程办公室发布的新月球宇航服“望月”的特点和设计理念。 1．细节理解题。根据文章“China’s Manned Space Agency (CMSA) has named its new spacesuit for future moon missions ‘Wangyue’, meaning ‘Looking into the Universe’”可知，“Wangyue”的意思是“仰望宇宙”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章“It can be very cold or very hot. There is also a lot of dust. To protect the astronauts, scientists made the spacesuit with a special material”可知，特殊材料是为了保护宇航员免受恶劣环境的影响。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章“The helmet has a special visor. It can stop the bright sunlight from hurting the astronauts’ eyes. It also helps them see everything around them clearly”可知，面窗的作用是保护眼睛并提供清晰视野。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章“The joints of the spacesuit can bend easily. Astronauts can move their arms and legs easily in space”可知，太空服的关节很容易弯曲，宇航员穿着这样的宇航服能自由活动。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据文章“The spacesuit was first shown to the public on September 28th, 2024. It is designed for China’s plan to send astronauts to the moon by 2030.”可知，2030年的任务，2024年就已经在进行了，由此可知中国正在为长期太空任务做准备。故选D。 04 The lion dance is a cultural bridge. It acts like a magic rope that pulls the East and the West together, and also links the past and the present. Its lively moves and bright colors are so attractive that a large number of people around the world fall in love with its beauty and the deep meaning hidden in every performance. In 2024, the World Lion Dance Championship was held in Nanjing, and this event perfectly showed how popular the lion dance is. More than 100 players from different countries, near and far, came to take part. They brought their own unique styles, making the competition full of excitement. Kelvin Tran, born in Sydney, has family from China. As a child, he often watched lion dance shows. At the age of 8, he started learning it. In 2018, he helped create a lion dance team in Australia. “Now we have 70 members. It’s growing fast. We are so happy to share the lion dance with more people,” he said with a big smile. Azmi, a Malaysian artist, has no Chinese family. But 20 years ago, a lion dance show made him love this art. Now, he runs a restaurant but he still makes sure to practice three days a week. “It’s not just a hobby for me. It has become a big part of my life. I really wish I could practice it every single day,” he told us sincerely. Kiki, a 25-year-old Chinese girl, was among the audience watching the competition. She said in surprise, “Before this, I always thought lion dance was only a traditional thing in China. But now, I am so amazed to find out that many other countries have their own special ways of performing it.” In a word, the lion dance is not just a performance. It is a powerful way that brings people from different places closer and helps these wonderful traditions stay alive and well. It will surely continue to shine brightly and spread its charm around the world. 1．What does the phrase “cultural bridge” mean in Paragraph 1? A．A physical path between countries. B．A symbol linking different traditions. C．A famous festival in the East. D．A tool for international competitions. 2．Why did Kelvin Tran start learning lion dance? A．He was inspired by watching performances as a child. B．His grandparents taught him Chinese traditions. C．His parents wanted him to join a cultural team. D．A family friend invited him to a lion dance group. 3．What is Azmi’s daily job? A．He is a restaurant owner. B．He is a professional lion dancer. C．He is a traditional art teacher. D．He is a museum guide. 4．What is the main purpose of the article? A．To compare lion dance styles in different countries. B．To explain the steps of performing lion dance. C．To show how lion dance unites people globally. D．To advertise the 2024 World Lion Dance Championship. 5．In which newspaper section would you most likely find this article? A．Sports. B．Business. C．Culture. D．Science. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了舞狮作为文化纽带连接东西方、传承传统并促进国际交流的现象。 1．词义猜测题。根据“The lion dance is a cultural bridge. It acts like a magic rope that pulls the East and the West together, and also links the past and the present.”可知，舞狮像一条神奇的纽带，将东方与西方紧密相连，也让过去与现在彼此交融，由此可知舞狮是“cultural bridge”，指连接不同传统的象征。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章“As a child, he often watched lion dance shows. At the age of 8, he started learning it.”可知，Kelvin因儿时观看表演而学习舞狮。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章“Now, he runs a restaurant…”可知，Azmi经营着一家餐馆，他的日常工作是餐馆老板。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章首段及末段“In a word, the lion dance…brings people from different places closer…”可知，本文主要展示舞狮如何促进全球团结。故选C。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文围绕舞狮的文化意义展开，最可能出现在“文化”版块。故选C。 05 The film Ne Zha 2 came out on January 29, 2025, and it got great success. Ne Zha flies in the sky on his fire round things, and his red scarf looks really cool as it waves in the air. Ne Zha 2 has attracted great attention around the world. It has not only been a great success in China but also matched the success of some of Hollywood’s most popular movies. It has won the heart of movie fans from all over the world. For example, at the first public showing in Sydney, Australia, a large number of local movie fans lined up to watch it. Ne Zha 2 teaches us important lessons about life. It tells us to be brave when facing problems, to fight for what is right, and to care a lot about getting along well with friends. These ideas are meaningful for people. That’s the reason why the movie is so popular. Ne Zha 2 also shares Chinese culture with the world. It includes ideas from Taoism (道教) and the Sichuan dialect (方言). The music in the movie is special too, with traditional instruments like the suona and pipa. These make the film more interesting and help people around the world learn about Chinese culture. Ne Zha 2 is a great example of Chinese cartoon. It brings traditional Chinese characters to life and shows Chinese culture in the film. With the development of Chinese films, films like Ne Zha 2 can help people from different countries understand and enjoy Chinese stories, building bridges between cultures. 1．When did people have the chance to watch Ne Zha 2? A．On January 29, 2024. B．On January 29, 2025. C．On January 19, 2025. D．On January 29, 2026. 2．How does the writer show the success of Ne Zha 2? A．By listing numbers. B．By telling stories. C．By giving examples. D．By making comparisons. 3．What important life lesson is NOT mentioned in the film? A．To be brave when having problems. B．To always follow the rules. C．To fight for what is correct. D．Pay much attention to getting on with friends. 4．What does the underlined word attracted mean in the passage? A．caught B．invented C．fought D．expected 5．According to the last paragraph, the writer probably expects ________? A．Chinese films to show Chinese cultures and build bridges between cultures B．Chinese films to show how heroes fight bad people C．Chinese films to help people around the world understand Chinese food D．Chinese films to match the success of some Hollywood’s films 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了电影《哪吒2》的上映时间、全球成功、传递的生活哲理以及对中国文化的传播作用。 1．细节理解题。 根据文章第1段“The film Ne Zha 2 came out on January 29, 2025”可知，电影《哪吒2》的上映时间是2025年1月29日。故选B。 2．细节理解题。 根据文章第2段“For example, at the first public showing in Sydney, Australia, a large number of local movie fans lined up to watch it”可知，作者通过举例 (悉尼首映观众排队) 说明电影的成功。故选C。     3．细节理解题。 根据文章第3段“It tells us to be brave when facing problems, to fight for what is right, and to care a lot about getting along well with friends”可知，电影未提及“总是遵守规则”这一哲理。故选B。    4．词句猜测题。 根据文章第2段“Ne Zha 2 has attracted great attention around the world”及上下文语境，attracted意为“吸引”，与caught“抓住注意力”同义。故选A。 5．推理判断题。 根据文章最后一段“films like Ne Zha 2 can help people from different countries understand and enjoy Chinese stories, building bridges between cultures”可推知，作者希望中国电影传播文化并搭建文化桥梁。故选A。 01 Do you ever feel worried about school? Many students experience stress (压力) when they have too much homework, tests, or feel difficult to get high marks. This is called school stress, and it’s really normal! Let’s talk about why it happens and how to manage it. It’s common to have school stress. Some students feel stressed because of high hopes from others. For example, parents or teachers might want them to get perfect grades, making students feel they are never doing well enough. Others feel stressed from comparing themselves to classmates. When they see others doing better, it seems like that they need to keep up all the time. Perfectionism (完美主义) is also another reason. Wanting to be the best at everything is great, but it can also make you feel stressed when things aren’t perfect. In some ways, stress can be helpful. It can help you work harder. However, too much stress can cause negative feelings, such as worry, sadness and nervousness. For example, you will have trouble focusing or remembering what you studied. It may cause kinds of headaches, tiredness, or trouble sleeping. What’s worse, you may feel like you don’t enjoy learning anymore. If school stress has caused you trouble, here are some simple ways to feel better. The good news is that there are easy things you can do to reduce stress. First, break it down. Instead of trying to study everything at once, make a simple plan. Study for 30 minutes, then take a short break. Second, sleep well. Your brain needs rest! Try to get 8 hours of sleep each night to feel refreshed. Third, have fun. Playing sports, drawing, or listening to music can help you relax and forget about stress for a while. Please remember, it’s okay not to be perfect! Doing your best is what really matters. 1．What is the main idea of the first paragraph? A．How to get better grades B．What school stress is C．Why students need sleep D．When tests should happen 2．Which is a cause of school stress? A．High hope from parents B．Wanting to be perfect C．Comparing with classmates D．All of the above 3．What does the underlined word “negative” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Deep B．Terrible C．Warm D．Strange 4．How many ways are mentioned to help reduce stress? A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．How to Always Get Stress B．Why Teachers Give Tests C．School Stress: Causes and Cures D．The History of School Stress 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了学业压力的成因，以及如何应对学业压力。 1．主旨大意题。根据“This is called school stress, and it’s really normal!”可知，第一段主要介绍了什么是学业压力。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Some students feel stressed because of high hopes from others.”、“ Others feel stressed from comparing themselves to classmates.”和“Perfectionism is also another reason.”可知，学业压力的原因有：别人很高的期望、与同学比较以及想要变得完美。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“However, too much stress can cause negative feelings, such as worry, sadness and nervousness.”可知，这里的negative feelings是指如担忧、悲伤和紧张这样的负面情绪，所以划线单词negative的意思是“负面的、消极的”，与terrible“可怕的、糟糕的”最为接近。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“First, break it down.”、“Second, sleep well.”以及“Third, have fun.”可知，一共提到了三种方法。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。根据“This is called school stress, and it’s really normal! Let’s talk about why it happens and how to manage it.”以及全文可知，文章主要讲述了学业压力的成因，以及如何应对学业压力。所以，C选项“学业压力：原因和治疗”符合题意。故选C。 02 Skywells, or tian jing, used to play a key role in keeping people’s homes cool in southern and eastern China. Could they do it again today? Skywells were designed to cool people’s homes naturally before air-conditioning. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the incoming wind travels down the walls to the bottom and create airflows by replacing warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening. Even though skywell buildings have existed in China for hundreds of years, in recent times they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern facilities. Over the past two decades, however, they have been making a comeback. Yu Youhong, a craftsman, has spent more than 30 years bringing back skywell homes. He expects skywells to be more and more popular among younger generations because of their ventilation (通风) and lighting functions, especially as sustainability (可持续) becomes more important for new buildings. Architects are now looking towards the principles (原理) behind skywells while designing new buildings to save energy. One example is a research centre in Jinan, Shandong province. Its 18-storey glass-walled tower block has a giant skywell in the middle. The elevators, toilets and meeting rooms are all situated around it, which helps improve the lighting and ventilation of the centre and reduces the use of energy. Although ancient “green wisdom” like skywells continues to inspire today’s architecture, there are some challenges for bringing skywells into modern designs, according to Wang Zhengfeng, a researcher at Leiden University in the Netherlands. Because traditional skywells are highly dependent on their natural surroundings-for example, the amount of sunlight or rainfall-it is difficult to apply them as a universal solution, she explains. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．What skywells look like. B．When skywells appeared. C．Why skywells were designed. D．How skywells cool the house. 2．What does “making a comeback” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A．Showing importance. B．Regaining popularity. C．Making improvements. D．Going back to the past. 3．Why does the writer mention the tower block in Paragraph 4? A．To introduce how the building was designed. B．To explain why architects find skywells inspiring. C．To show skywells can be used in today’s buildings. D．To prove modern skywells differ from ancient ones. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Skywells will be widely used in the future. B．Osing skywells needs careful consideration. C．City environment is not suitable for skywells. D．Skywells can’t help solve environmental problems. 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Skywells: Ancient Wisdom for Modern Times B．Skywells: The Secrets of Chinese Architecture C．Skywells: A Green Structure Needs Improving D．Skywells: A Traditional Design to Be Protected 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国传统建筑元素“天井”的降温原理、历史复兴及其在现代建筑中的应用与挑战。 1．主旨大意题。根据文章第2段“When wind blows above a skywell house…the incoming wind travels down the walls to the bottom and create airflows”可知，本段重点描述天井通过气流交换实现降温的原理。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第3段“in recent times they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern facilities. Over the past two decades, however, they have been making a comeback. ”可知，近代以来，它们常常被喜欢现代设施的人们所遗忘。然而，在过去的二十年里，它们重新流行。可推知，making a comeback意为“重新流行”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第4段“Architects are looking towards skywell principles…to save energy”及“the tower block has a giant skywell…reduces energy use”可知，作者以此例说明天井在现代建筑中的实际应用。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据末段“Because traditional skywells are highly dependent on their natural surroundings-for example, the amount of sunlight or rainfall-it is difficult to apply them as a universal solution, she explains.”可知，传统天井依赖自然环境，难以普适。即应用天井需综合考虑环境条件。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。全文围绕天井的古老智慧、现代复兴及挑战展开，故选A。 03 As it is known to all of us, living in space can be very different from that on Earth. One of the most important differences is that there is no gravity (重力) in space. So many people think living things can’t develop well in space. ▲ A team of American scientists sent mouse embryos (胚胎) to space in August 202l. Then astronauts let them grow on the space station for four days. Guess what happened? The mouse embryos successfully developed just like they do on Earth! The different environment didn’t prevent the development of mouse embryos. The scientists soon shared their study online in the scientific magazine Science. They clearly pointed out that gravity might not bring as many differences to the development of these mouse embryos as they had thought before. When the mouse embryos were sent back to Earth, the scientists also checked their DNAs and genes (基因). They found that they were still the same. However, they still needed to do more studies to make sure everything was okay with the embryos. This surprising research is the first to suggest that mouse embryos can successfully develop in the special environment of space. The team’s next plan is to place these embryos into the mice to see if they can give birth. If that goes well, it may not be impossible for us to see space babies in the future! 1．Which sentence can be put in ________? A．Soon children would like to travel to space. B．Many researchers are trying to solve the problems. C．However, there are also several bad sides about this. D．However, a new discovery may prove (证明) they’re wrong. 2．The underlined word “prevent” in paragraph 2 probably means “________ ” . A．stop B．allow C．follow D．afford 3．What can we learn from the third paragraph? A．The embryos’ DNAs didn’t change in space. B．Something was wrong with the embryos in space. C．Gravity brings many differences to the embryos’ growth. D．The mouse embryos in space shared different genes. 4．Next, the research team is going to ________. A．put the embryos into the mice B．send more mouse embryos to space C．take some human babies to space D．study if mice could give birth in space. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The possibility of developing living things in space. B．The discovery of normal growth of mouse embryos in space. C．The activities of American astronauts on the space station. D．The future of giving birth to mouse babies in space. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了小鼠胚胎在太空中的研究，根据研究发现，生物在太空中也可以发展良好。 1．推理判断题。根据“So many people think living things can’t develop well in space.”和“Then astronauts let them grow on the space station for four days. Guess what happened? The mouse embryos successfully developed just like they do on Earth!”可知第一段表达生物不能在太空中发育，第二段讲述老鼠胚胎成功地发育了，因此两段为转折关系，第二段反驳了第一段一些人的观点。选项D“然而，一项新的发现可能会证明他们是错误的。”符合上下文。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“The mouse embryos successfully developed just like they do on Earth! The different environment didn’t prevent the development of mouse embryos.”可知老鼠胚胎成功地发育了，环境的差异没有阻止其发育，猜测该生词意为“阻止”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“...the scientists also checked their DNAs and genes (基因). They found that they were still the same.”可知胚胎的DNA在太空中没有变化。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“The team’s next plan is to place these embryos into the mice...”可知该团队的下一个计划是将这些胚胎放入小鼠体内。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“A team of American scientists sent mouse embryos (胚胎) to space in August 202l. … The different environment didn’t prevent the development of mouse embryos.”可知文章主要讲述了美国科学家将小鼠胚胎送到太空，在空间站上成功发育的情况。故选B。 04 ①Can you imagine an AI chat-bot competing with you in an examination? Do you think you could get higher scores than it? A new AI chat-bot called ChatGPT recently passed a law school exam! Sounds crazy? The use of ChatGPT has raised heated discussions in the education world. ②ChatGPT was developed by US company Open AI. It is a powerful and useful tool. You can ask it to write stories and emails, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions. According to a US survey of more than 1000 students, over 89 percent of them have used ChatGPT to help with homework. Some schools in the US do not allow students to use it. For example, New York City public schools don’t allow students and teachers to use ChatGPT on the district's networks and devices (设备). ③The measure (措施) comes out of worries that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on homework. Some also worry that ChatGPT could be used to spread incorrect information. ④“It does not develop thinking quality and problem-solving skills, which are necessary for studying and lifelong success,” said Jenna Lyle, the deputy press secretary of the New York City Department of Education. Apart from bans (禁令), teachers are making changes to their classes to prevent (阻止) the use of ChatGPT. Some college teachers in the US try to include more speaking exams and handwritten papers instead of typed ones. ⑤However, not all educators say “no” to ChatGPT. Some Canadian universities are making rules on its use, for both students and teachers. They have no plans to completely ban the tool so far. Some people said that bans on AI software like ChatGPT are not wise. “We have to know that AI is a tool people will use, What we need to do is “change our learning, teaching and examinations”. In that way, we can be honest while recognizing the use of the tool. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving some facts. B．By showing some opinions. C．By telling some stories. D．By asking some questions. 2．Why do some schools in the US prevent the use of ChatGPT? A．Because it can never make any mistakes. B．Because it can take the place of teachers. C．Because it may make something dishonest happen. D．Because it can hardly provide correct information. 3．What does Jenna Lyle think of ChatGPT? A．ChatGPT is the smartest AI chatbot tool so far. B．ChatGPT is used to spread the wrong information. C．ChatGPT is not good for developing students’ thinking quality and skills. D．ChatGPT is necessary for studying and lifelong success. 4．Which opinion is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．The complete ban on using ChatGPT is not wise. B．ChatGPT will completely change the education. C．Using ChatGPT may have bad influence on students’ thinking quality. D．Using ChatGPT will change the way of teaching. 5．What’s the structure (结构) of the article? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了AI聊天机器人ChatGPT的相关信息，以及教育界人士对ChatGPT的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Can you imagine an AI chat-bot competing with you in an examination? Do you think you could get higher scores than it?”可知，作者通过提问来开始文章。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“The measure (措施) comes out of worries that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on homework. ”可知，ChatGPT可能让学生更容易在作业中作弊，由此推知，美国一些学校不允许使用ChatGPT，是因为这可能会让一些不诚实的事情发生。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“‘It does not develop thinking quality and problem-solving skills, which are necessary for studying and lifelong success,’ said Jenna Lyle”可知，Jenna Lyle认为ChatGPT不能培养学生的思维品质和解决问题的技能，由此推知，Jenna Lyle认为ChatGPT不利于发展学生的心智。故选C。 4． 推理判断题。根据第五段“Some people said that bans on AI software like ChatGPT are not wise.”、第四段“It does not develop thinking quality and problem-solving skills”和第五段“‘We have to know that AI is a tool people will use,’ What we need to do is ‘change our learning, teaching and examinations’.”可推知，文中提到了选项A、C、D，只有选项B没有提到。故选B。 5． 篇章结构题。根据第一段“ The use of ChatGPT has raised heated discussions in the education world.”可知，第一段引出话题，为第一部分；第二、三、四段讲述了美国一些学校不允许使用ChatGPT，为第二部分；根据第五段“However, not all educators say ‘no’ to ChatGPT.”可知，第五段讲述了有些教育者赞同使用ChatGPT，为第三部分。故选C。 05 Rainforests are amazing places full of different kinds of plants, food, birds and animals. Can you believe that a single forest in the Amazon may have more kinds of ants than the whole of Britain! And in just one small part of the rainforest, there can be about 480 different kinds of trees. Rainforests have a smart way of staying healthy. The tall trees make a canopy (树冠层) of branches (树枝) and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavy rain, great dry heat from the sun and strong winds. They really play an important role in the health of the rainforests. The trees in the rainforests grow in an interesting way. Even though they are close to each other, their branches and leaves never touch those of another tree. Scientists think this is the trees’ way to protect themselves so that they won’t get diseases from another tree. It also makes it more difficult for insects, which eat leaves, to move from one tree to another. To live in the forest, animals must climb, jump or fly across the space between trees. Rainforests get their name for a reason —they get a lot of rain! They can make 75% of their own rain. At least 80 inches of rain a year is normal, and in some areas, there may be as much as 430 inches of rain every year. In just two hours, rivers can rise ten to twenty feet. The humidity (湿气) of large rainforests helps to form rainclouds that may travel to other countries which are in need of rain. Rainforests are a part of nature that help support the environment and keep our planet healthy. 1．What can we learn about rainforests from the first paragraph? A．They cover a large area. B．They have a lot of wildlife. C．They are managed by humans D．They provide food for people. 2．What does the underlined word “They” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Tall trees. B．Smaller plants. C．Forest animals. D．Strong winds. 3．Why do the trees’ branches and leaves never touch those of another tree? A．To get more sunlight. B．To protect themselves. C．To have more growing space. D．To make insects move easily. 4．Which of the following best describes rainforests according to the last paragraph? A．Famous. B．Dangerous. C．Dirty. D．Important. 5．What is the purpose of the text? A．To tell the weather in rainforests B．To warn the danger in rainforests C．To give an introduction of rainforests. D．To encourage protection of rainforests. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了热带雨林的多样性及其在生态系统中的重要作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Rainforests are amazing places full of different kinds of plants, food, birds and animals.”可知，热带雨林中有很多种类的野生动植物。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“The tall trees make a canopy (树冠层) of branches(树枝) and leaves which protect themselves…They really play an important role in the health of the rainforests.”可知，树冠层由高大的树木形成，保护自己、小植物和森林动物免受大雨、强烈的干热和强风的侵袭。由此可知，划线词“They”指的是高大的树木。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Scientists think this is the trees’ way to protect themselves so that they won’t get diseases from another tree.”可知，树木的枝叶不接触是为了保护自己，不会从其他树木那里感染疾病。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Rainforests are a part of nature that help support the environment and keep our planet healthy.”可知，热带雨林是自然的一部分，有助于支持环境并保持地球健康。由此可知，热带雨林对生态系统非常重要。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了热带雨林的多样性及其在生态系统中的重要作用，目的是让读者了解热带雨林。故选C。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$