内容正文:
Unit 2 Section B How do you feel at home ?
词汇:
名词(n.):
partner
伙伴,同伴
clue
线索
hometown
家乡
price
价格
village
村庄
dish
菜肴,碟,盘
luggage
行李
joy
快乐,喜悦
journey
旅程
apartment
公寓
cousin
表亲,堂亲
block
街区,大楼,大块
kitchen
厨房
centre
中心
snack
小吃
painting
绘画
feeling
感觉
scissors
剪刀
plate
盘子
poster
海报
writer
作家
glue
胶水
text
文本,课本
pair
对,双
动词(v.):
catch
赶上,抓住
welcome
欢迎
greet
问候
follow
跟随,遵循
pull
拉
make
制作,做
ask
问
decorate
装饰
share
分享
paint
绘画
hear
听到
describe
描述
形容词(adj.):
busy
忙碌的
open
开放的
heavy
沉重的
young
年轻的
favourite
最喜欢的
free
自由的
familiar
熟悉的
friendly
友好的
glad
高兴的
副词(adv.):
quickly
快速地
well
好
almost
几乎
finally
最后
perhaps
也许
freshly
新鲜地
介词(prep.):
through
通过
兼词:
nod
v.&n.点头
whenever
conj.&adv.无论何时
several
pron.几个;adj.各自的
brush
v.(用刷子)抹,涂;n.刷子
joke
v.开玩笑;n.笑话
matter
v.要紧;n.事情,问题
change
v.&n.改变,变化
kind
n.种类;adj.友好的,友善的
laugh
v.&n.笑
smell
v.发臭,闻到;n.气味,臭味
cover
v.遮盖,包括;n.遮盖物,封皮
短语:
the Spring Festival
春节
a pair of scissors
一把剪刀
more than
超过
paper cutting
剪纸
at the end of
在......的末尾
at the paint shop
在油漆店
wait for
等待
on Sunday
在星期天
be busy doing sth.
忙于做某事
walk the dog
遛狗
share sth. with sb.
与某人分享某物
do the laundry
洗衣服
cook dinner
做晚饭
fold the clothes
叠衣服
set the table
摆桌子
make the bed
铺床
tell jokes
讲笑话
help to cook
帮忙做饭
have a good laugh
开怀大笑
take out the rubbish
倒垃圾
a kind of ...
一种......
how often
多久一次
no matter
不论,不要紧
think about
考虑
how long
多长时间
ask for
请求
look for
寻找
the meaning of
......的意义
up and down
上上下下
learn about
了解
take a shower
洗澡
go shopping
去购物
get ready to
准备好做某事
make a poster
制作海报
知识点:
1.borrow 借,borrow sth. from... 问......借某物
lend 借出,过去式lent, lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某人
2.share sth. with sb.与某人分享某物, share your ideas with friends 和你的朋友分享你的想法
3.almost几乎,差不多。①放在实义动词前,be动词后面。②放在形容词或副词前
4.at the end of + 名词,在......的尽头/末尾,后面如果没有名词不需要用of
end的其他固定搭配:in the end最后,终于 by the end of...到......末为止,到......结束时
end up with以......告终
5.busy的用法:①be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 ②be busy with sth.忙于某事
6.no matter + 特殊疑问词= 特殊疑问词 + ever, 无论......,后接句子。用于强调某个决定或结果不受特定的人、事物、地点、时间、原因或方式的影响。
No matter where you are = Wherever you are 无论你在哪
7.ask的用法:①ask sb. to do sth. 要求/叫某人做某事 ②ask (sb.) for sth.向某人索取某物
③ask (sb.) about sth.询问某人关于某事
8.for + 名词/代词/doing,为了......,表目的,强调是为了这件事情/人才去的某地或者做某事
9.look for 寻找。 look的常见短语: look after照顾 look at看 look through快速浏览
10.现在分词短语充当后置定语,修饰名词, the people living in the same area
11.on the first floor在一楼,具体到几楼和星期几都是用介词on
12.too young 太年轻,too放在形容词前面,意为“太”,放在肯定句末,意为“也”
13.choose to do sth.选择做某事
14.make的用法:①make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 ②make sb. + 形容词, 使某人......
语法点:
情态动词
情态动词本身有一定的词义,但是不能单独作谓语,要放在动词原形前,表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。 表示许可、建议、推测等。常见的情态动词有can,could, may,might, must, need,should, will,would等。
特征:
1.情态动词后接动词原形
He can swims.(×)
He can swim.(√)
2.无人称和数的变化。无论主语是什么,情态动词和后面的动词都不会发生任何变化。(只有have to有第三人称单数形式has to)
Jenny may go to New York next term.
They may go for a trip next weekend.
3.具有助动词的作用。可以用来构成否定句,疑问句及用于简单回答。
They can’t swim.
—Can they go swimming? —Yes,they can.
4.个别有时态变化
个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式,但过去式用来表达更加客气,委婉的语气,也可用于过去,现在或将来。情态动词没有被动语态。
用法:
1.can/could
(1) 表示能力。
表示能力时意为“能、会”(过去式是could),即有某种能力,尤其是与生俱来的能力,此时may 和must 均不可代替它。
He can play basketball well, but I can’t. 他打篮球打得好,但我不会。
(2) 表示许可,意为“可以”(过去式是could),常用在口语中。
You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。
(3)提出请求或许可,用于一般疑问句中,可以can/could开头,此时的could表示委婉语气,不是过去式。回答时用can,不能用could
—Can/Could you (please) take out the rubbish?
肯定回答:—Of course./Sure./Yes,I can.
否定回答:—Sorry./No,I can’t.
2.may/might
(1)表示请求,用might语气更委婉,表示允许,用may,不用might。may/might比can/could更正式。
—May I use your dictionary?—Yes,you may/can./ —No,you can’t/mustn’t.(否定回答用can't/mustn’t)
(2)表示祝愿,may放在句首,一般用于祈使句。
May you have fun here.祝你在这里玩的开心。
May you have a bright future.祝你前程似锦。
3.must/have to
(1)must意为“必须”,强调说话者的主观意愿,mustn’t意为“禁止”。
I must study hard.我必须努力学习。
—Must we take notes in class?我们必须在课堂上做笔记吗?
—Yes,you must./—No,you needn’t./No,you don’t have to.(must的否定回答用needn't/don’t have to)
(2)have to意为“必须,不得不”,强调客观上的必要性或义务(来自外部的规则,责任,要求等),有人称和时态上的变化。
You have to show your ticket.你必须出示你的门票。
We have to come in early tomorrow.我们明天不得不早点来。
She has to come in early tomorrow.她明天不得不早点来。
4.should
should 意为“应该”,可表示劝告、建议、命令、义务、责任等。
We should protect the environment. 我们应该保护环境
Should we leave now?我们现在该走吗?
5.will/would
(1)表示将来的动作或状态,will + 动词原形,构成一般将来时。此时would是will的过去式。
I will call you next week.我下周会打电话给你。
(2)表意愿,决心,此时would是will的过去式。
We will do our best to win the game.我们会尽力赢得这个比赛。
(3)表经常性,习惯性,倾向性,此时would是will的过去式。
The car will sometimes make some noise.这个车有时候会发出一些声音。
(4) 表示委婉的请求或提问时用would
Would you like some coffee?你想来点咖啡吗?
Would you like to hang out with me?你想和我一起出去玩吗?(would like to do sth.想做某事)
情态动词表推测
在说话人没有足够的信息来确定某个事实的情况下,用情态动词来表达自己的不确定性或推测。从语气强到弱一般为:must(一定)>can/may/might/could(可能)>can’t(不可能)。
1.肯定推测:
(1)must意为“一定”,表示较有把握的推测
Your best friend must know you well.你最好的朋友一定很了解你。
(2)can/may/might/could,意为“可能,也许”,表示把握性不大的推测,can用在疑问句
It may be a good chioce.它可能是一个好的选择。
(3) may not/might not意为“可能不,也许不”,表否定推测,语气不确定。
She may not/might not know Chinese.她可能不懂中文。
(4) can’t/couldn’t意为“不可能”,表否定推测,语气最强。
He is in Changsha .You can’t see him here.他在长沙,你不可能在这里看见他。
练习:
一、单项选择
1.—Listen! Jenny is singing in the music room.
—It _____ be Jenny.She went to Beijing yesterday to take part in the competition.
A.can't B.needn't C.may D.should
【答案】A
【解析】根据上下文,Jenny 昨天去了北京,因此她现在不可能在音乐室唱歌。这里表示否定推测(不可能),"can't" 用于表示对现在或将来情况的否定推测,选A。
2.—Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Zhang?
—No, it______be him. Mr. Zhang is much thinner.
A.can’t B. mustn't C. needn't D.shouldn’t
【答案】A
【解析】根据"Mr. Zhang is much thinner",说明那个人不可能是 Mr. Zhang。"can't" 用于否定推测,表示"不可能",选A。
3.— _____I take some photos here?
—Sorry,you can't. It's not allowed.
A.Must B. Need C. Can D. Will
【答案】C
【解析】问句是询问是否允许拍照,回答是"you can't"(不允许),因此问句应使用"Can " 来请求许可,选C。
4.—There is a new science museum in our city. You _____ miss it.
—Thank you. I won't.
A.can't B. must C. needn't D.won’t
【答案】A
【解析】根据句意"You can't miss it你一定不要错过" 是英语习语,表示强烈推荐。选A。
5.—What kind of music does she like?
—She likes music that she_____ dance to.
A.can B.must C. should D. need
【答案】A
【解析】根据句意"music that she can dance to她可以跟着跳舞的音乐" ,这里表示能力或可能性,用can,选A。
6.—Do you like stories?
—Yes. I______ read story books when I was 5.
A.must B. can C. could D.may
【答案】C
【解析】 根据句意“5岁时能读故事书”,"when I was 5" 表明是过去时,因此应使用"could" 表示过去的能力,选C。
7.—Alan, come and join us to play football.
—I can't. My mom said I_____ clean the house before doing anything else.
A.had to B. will C. used to D. can
【答案】A
【解析】 根据句意,这里表示过去的必要性(必须)。"My mom said" 是过去时,因此需用过去形式表示"必须",选A。
8.— _______ I borrow your earphone?
— Sure. Here you are.
A. May B. Should C. Must D. Would
【答案】A
【解析】 根据句意,这里表示正式请求许可。"May I borrow?" 是礼貌请求借东西的常见表达,回答"Sure" 表示许可,选A。
9.— May I take this book out of the library?
—______. Please read it here.
A. Of course. B. No, you needn’t C. No, you mustn’t D. No, you may not
【答案】C
【解析】 根据回答"Please read it here" 表明不允许带出,因此需否定回答。"No, you mustn’t" 表示禁止或不允许,选C。
10. — Could I use your dictionary?
— Of course, you ______.
A. should B. can C. could D. must
【答案】B
【解析】 根据提问"Could I" 是委婉请求,回答时用"you can" 表示给予许可,选B。
二、选用can, may, must, have to,can’t, should, could 填空。
1. There is air everywhere, though we ________ see it.
2. Please speak a little louder so that I _______ hear you.
3. We _______ follow the traffic rules.
4. —_______ the news be true ? —Yes. It _______ be true.
5. They _______ come to the party tonight, but I’m not sure.
6. _______ you please give me a lift?
7. Young trees ________ be planted in spring.
8. —________ we hand in our exercise books today?—No, you don’t have to.
9. All passengers _______ go through safety check before they get on a plane.
10.I lost my notebook,so I _______ buy a new one.
【答案】
1.can’t 2.can 3.must 4.Can,must 5.may 6.Could 7.should 8.Must 9.must 10.have to
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Unit 2 Section B How do you feel at home ?
词汇:
名词(n.):
partner
伙伴,同伴
clue
线索
hometown
家乡
price
价格
village
村庄
dish
菜肴,碟,盘
luggage
行李
joy
快乐,喜悦
journey
旅程
apartment
公寓
cousin
表亲,堂亲
block
街区,大楼,大块
kitchen
厨房
centre
中心
snack
小吃
painting
绘画
feeling
感觉
scissors
剪刀
plate
盘子
poster
海报
writer
作家
glue
胶水
text
文本,课本
pair
对,双
动词(v.):
catch
赶上,抓住
welcome
欢迎
greet
问候
follow
跟随,遵循
pull
拉
make
制作,做
ask
问
decorate
装饰
share
分享
paint
绘画
hear
听到
describe
描述
形容词(adj.):
busy
忙碌的
open
开放的
heavy
沉重的
young
年轻的
favourite
最喜欢的
free
自由的
familiar
熟悉的
friendly
友好的
glad
高兴的
副词(adv.):
quickly
快速地
well
好
almost
几乎
finally
最后
perhaps
也许
freshly
新鲜地
介词(prep.):
through
通过
兼词:
nod
v.&n.点头
whenever
conj.&adv.无论何时
several
pron.几个;adj.各自的
brush
v.(用刷子)抹,涂;n.刷子
joke
v.开玩笑;n.笑话
matter
v.要紧;n.事情,问题
change
v.&n.改变,变化
kind
n.种类;adj.友好的,友善的
laugh
v.&n.笑
smell
v.发臭,闻到;n.气味,臭味
cover
v.遮盖,包括;n.遮盖物,封皮
短语:
the Spring Festival
春节
a pair of scissors
一把剪刀
more than
超过
paper cutting
剪纸
at the end of
在......的末尾
at the paint shop
在油漆店
wait for
等待
on Sunday
在星期天
be busy doing sth.
忙于做某事
walk the dog
遛狗
share sth. with sb.
与某人分享某物
do the laundry
洗衣服
cook dinner
做晚饭
fold the clothes
叠衣服
set the table
摆桌子
make the bed
铺床
tell jokes
讲笑话
help to cook
帮忙做饭
have a good laugh
开怀大笑
take out the rubbish
倒垃圾
a kind of ...
一种......
how often
多久一次
no matter
不论,不要紧
think about
考虑
how long
多长时间
ask for
请求
look for
寻找
the meaning of
......的意义
up and down
上上下下
learn about
了解
take a shower
洗澡
go shopping
去购物
get ready to
准备好做某事
make a poster
制作海报
知识点:
1.borrow 借,borrow sth. from... 问......借某物
lend 借出,过去式lent, lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某人
2.share sth. with sb.与某人分享某物, share your ideas with friends 和你的朋友分享你的想法
3.almost几乎,差不多。①放在实义动词前,be动词后面。②放在形容词或副词前
4.at the end of + 名词,在......的尽头/末尾,后面如果没有名词不需要用of
end的其他固定搭配:in the end最后,终于 by the end of...到......末为止,到......结束时
end up with以......告终
5.busy的用法:①be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 ②be busy with sth.忙于某事
6.no matter + 特殊疑问词= 特殊疑问词 + ever, 无论......,后接句子。用于强调某个决定或结果不受特定的人、事物、地点、时间、原因或方式的影响。
No matter where you are = Wherever you are 无论你在哪
7.ask的用法:①ask sb. to do sth. 要求/叫某人做某事 ②ask (sb.) for sth.向某人索取某物
③ask (sb.) about sth.询问某人关于某事
8.for + 名词/代词/doing,为了......,表目的,强调是为了这件事情/人才去的某地或者做某事
9.look for 寻找。 look的常见短语: look after照顾 look at看 look through快速浏览
10.现在分词短语充当后置定语,修饰名词, the people living in the same area
11.on the first floor在一楼,具体到几楼和星期几都是用介词on
12.too young 太年轻,too放在形容词前面,意为“太”,放在肯定句末,意为“也”
13.choose to do sth.选择做某事
14.make的用法:①make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 ②make sb. + 形容词, 使某人......
语法点:
情态动词
情态动词本身有一定的词义,但是不能单独作谓语,要放在动词原形前,表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。 表示许可、建议、推测等。常见的情态动词有can,could, may,might, must, need,should, will,would等。
特征:
1.情态动词后接动词原形
He can swims.(×)
He can swim.(√)
2.无人称和数的变化。无论主语是什么,情态动词和后面的动词都不会发生任何变化。(只有have to有第三人称单数形式has to)
Jenny may go to New York next term.
They may go for a trip next weekend.
3.具有助动词的作用。可以用来构成否定句,疑问句及用于简单回答。
They can’t swim.
—Can they go swimming? —Yes,they can.
4.个别有时态变化
个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式,但过去式用来表达更加客气,委婉的语气,也可用于过去,现在或将来。情态动词没有被动语态。
用法:
1.can/could
(1) 表示能力。
表示能力时意为“能、会”(过去式是could),即有某种能力,尤其是与生俱来的能力,此时may 和must 均不可代替它。
He can play basketball well, but I can’t. 他打篮球打得好,但我不会。
(2) 表示许可,意为“可以”(过去式是could),常用在口语中。
You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。
(3)提出请求或许可,用于一般疑问句中,可以can/could开头,此时的could表示委婉语气,不是过去式。回答时用can,不能用could
—Can/Could you (please) take out the rubbish?
肯定回答:—Of course./Sure./Yes,I can.
否定回答:—Sorry./No,I can’t.
2.may/might
(1)表示请求,用might语气更委婉,表示允许,用may,不用might。may/might比can/could更正式。
—May I use your dictionary?—Yes,you may/can./ —No,you can’t/mustn’t.(否定回答用can't/mustn’t)
(2)表示祝愿,may放在句首,一般用于祈使句。
May you have fun here.祝你在这里玩的开心。
May you have a bright future.祝你前程似锦。
3. must/have to
(1)must意为“必须”,强调说话者的主观意愿,mustn’t意为“禁止”。
I must study hard.我必须努力学习。
—Must we take notes in class?我们必须在课堂上做笔记吗?
—Yes,you must./—No,you needn’t./No,you don’t have to.(must的否定回答用needn't/don’t have to)
(2)have to意为“必须,不得不”,强调客观上的必要性或义务(来自外部的规则,责任,要求等),有人称和时态上的变化。
You have to show your ticket.你必须出示你的门票。
We have to come in early tomorrow.我们明天不得不早点来。
She has to come in early tomorrow.她明天不得不早点来。
4. should
should 意为“应该”,可表示劝告、建议、命令、义务、责任等。
We should protect the environment. 我们应该保护环境
Should we leave now?我们现在该走吗?
5.will/would
(1)表示将来的动作或状态,will + 动词原形,构成一般将来时。此时would是will的过去式。
I will call you next week.我下周会打电话给你。
(2)表意愿,决心,此时would是will的过去式。
We will do our best to win the game.我们会尽力赢得这个比赛。
(3)表经常性,习惯性,倾向性,此时would是will的过去式。
The car will sometimes make some noise.这个车有时候会发出一些声音。
(4) 表示委婉的请求或提问时用would
Would you like some coffee?你想来点咖啡吗?
Would you like to hang out with me?你想和我一起出去玩吗?(would like to do sth.想做某事)
情态动词表推测
在说话人没有足够的信息来确定某个事实的情况下,用情态动词来表达自己的不确定性或推测。从语气强到弱一般为:must(一定)>can/may/might/could(可能)>can’t(不可能)。
1.肯定推测:
(1)must意为“一定”,表示较有把握的推测
Your best friend must know you well.你最好的朋友一定很了解你。
(2)can/may/might/could,意为“可能,也许”,表示把握性不大的推测,can用在疑问句
It may be a good chioce.它可能是一个好的选择。
(3) may not/might not意为“可能不,也许不”,表否定推测,语气不确定。
She may not/might not know Chinese.她可能不懂中文。
(4) can’t/couldn’t意为“不可能”,表否定推测,语气最强。
He is in Changsha .You can’t see him here.他在长沙,你不可能在这里看见他。
练习:
一、单项选择
1.—Listen! Jenny is singing in the music room.
—It _____ be Jenny.She went to Beijing yesterday to take part in the competition.
A.can't B.needn't C.may D.should
2.—Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Zhang?
—No, it______be him. Mr. Zhang is much thinner.
A.can’t B. mustn't C. needn't D.shouldn’t
3.— _____I take some photos here?
—Sorry,you can't. It's not allowed.
A.Must B. Need C. Can D. Will
4.—There is a new science museum in our city. You _____ miss it.
—Thank you. I won't.
A.can't B. must C. needn't D.won’t
5.—What kind of music does she like?
—She likes music that she_____ dance to.
A.can B.must C. should D. need
6.—Do you like stories?
—Yes. I______ read story books when I was 5.
A.must B. can C. could D.may
7.—Alan, come and join us to play football.
—I can't. My mom said I_____ clean the house before doing anything else.
A.had to B. will C. used to D. can
8.— _______ I borrow your earphone?
— Sure. Here you are.
A. May B. Should C. Must D. Would
9.— May I take this book out of the library?
—______. Please read it here.
A. Of course. B. No, you needn’t C. No, you mustn’t D. No, you may not
10. — Could I use your dictionary?
— Of course, you ______.
A. should B. can C. could D. must
二、选用can, may, must, have to,can’t, should, could 填空。
1. There is air everywhere, though we ________ see it.
2. Please speak a little louder so that I _______ hear you.
3. We _______ follow the traffic rules.
4. —_______ the news be true ? —Yes. It _______ be true.
5. They _______ come to the party tonight, but I’m not sure.
6. _______ you please give me a lift?
7. Young trees ________ be planted in spring.
8. —________ we hand in our exercise books today?—No, you don’t have to.
9. All passengers _______ go through safety check before they get on a plane.
10.I lost my notebook,so I _______ buy a new one.
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