专题3 数词三大要点归纳(讲义)-2026版内蒙古自治区(对口招生)一轮复习《英语知识点清单》(原卷版+解析版)

2025-06-26
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编写说明:2026版内蒙古自治区(对口招生)一轮复习《英语知识点清单》,依据最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分,系统总结归纳知识点,全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分:第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单,第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇和句型的语言知识清单,第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义和练习题。 本专题是2026版内蒙古自治区(对口招生)一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第3个专题,内容为数词。 内蒙古2026年对口招生考试一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题3 数词(讲+练) 【考点解读】 从近三年的高考试题中可以看出,数词考点主要集中于分数表达法、序数词应用以及数词与主谓一致结合考查等方面,需要学生熟练掌握基数词序数词的使用规则以及数词在主谓一致中的使用规则。 【知识点清单一】数词的分类 【要点精讲】 数词主要分为两大类:基数词和序数词。 基数词:表示数量“多少”的词,用来计数。例如:one (一), two (二), three (三), ten (十)。 序数词:表示顺序“第几”的词,用来表示事物排列的次序。例如:first (第一), second (第二), third (第三)。 【即时训练】 1. I have apples in the basket. A. one B. first C. a D. an 2. He is the student in his class. A. two B. second C. twice D. to 3. Please give me pieces of advice. A. two B. second C. twice D. to 4. The Great Wall is kilometers long. A. thousand B. thousands C. thousands of D. a thousand 5. The meeting will last hours. A. three B. third C. threees D. three of 6. This is my visit to Beijing. A. one B. first C. once D. one time 7. There are students in our class. A. twenty B. twentieth C. twentyth D. twenties 8. He was born in . A. nineteen eighty-five B. nineteen and eighty-five C. nineteen or eighty-five D. nineteens eighty-five 9. My sister is years old. A. eighteen B. eighteens C. the eighteen D. an eighteen 10. The book is on the floor. A. three B. third C. the three D. the third 11. There are days in a week. A. seven B. seventh C. the seven D. the seventh 12. He finished the race in place. A. one B. first C. the one D. the first 13. I have visited this city time. A. two B. second C. twice D. the second 14. The factory employs workers. A. two thousands B. two thousand C. thousands D. thousand of 15. He has learned English for years. A. five B. fifth C. the five D. the fifth 【知识点清单二】基数词、序数词的用法及构成 【要点精讲】 一、 数词的分类及基本用法 1. 数词主要分为两大类:基数词和序数词。 ●基数词 (Cardinal Numerals):表示数量“多少”的词,如 one, two, three 等。 ●序数词 (Ordinal Numerals):表示顺序“第几”的词,如 first, second, third 等。 2. 基数词基本用法: ●表示数量: I have two apples. (我有两个苹果。) There are five students in the room. (房间里有五个学生。) ●表示时间: It's three o'clock. (现在是三点钟。) Twelve months make a year. (十二个月构成一年。) ●表示年龄: He is ten years old. (他十岁了。) 表示电话号码、房间号、门牌号等: My room number is four zero two. (我的房间号是402。) You can call me at one two three four five six seven eight nine. (你可以拨打123456789找我。) ●表示价格: The book costs twenty dollars. (这本书花二十美元。) ●表示分数、小数: One and a half apples are on the table. (桌子上有1个半苹果。) The temperature is point five degrees below zero. (气温零下0.5度。) ●表示倍数: This road is three times as long as that one. (这条路是那条路的三倍长。) 3. 基数词考点提示: ●基数词修饰名词时,通常放在冠词(a/an/the)之后,名词之前。 ●基数词与名词连用构成复合名词时,名词常用单数形式(尤其是度量衡单位)。 two kilometers (两公里) three meters (三米) five pounds (五英镑) ●基数词可以与 of 连用,表示“……个(些)中的……”,但通常用于表示“大约”或“平均”的概念,或者用于数学表达式中。 One of the students is absent. (一个学生缺席了。) Three of the apples are rotten. (三个苹果烂了。) On average, one of every ten people has this problem. (平均每十个人中就有一个有这个问题。) 4. 序数词的基本用法: ●表示顺序: January is the first month of the year. (一月是一年中的第一个月。) He finished the race in the second place. (他比赛获得了第二名。) ●表示日期: My birthday is on May tenth. (我的生日是五月十日。) The first of January is New Year's Day. (一月一日是元旦。) ●表示“又一,再一”: 在这种情况下,序数词 first 除外,其他序数词前不加定冠词 the,相当于 another 或 an additional。 Would you like a second helping? (你想要再来一份吗?) Let me try once more / a third time. (我再试一次/第三次。) ●构成规则: 不规则变化: one -> first two -> second three -> third five -> fifth eight -> eighth nine -> ninth twelve -> twelfth twenty-one -> twenty-first (注意复合序数词中只加最后一个词的后缀) ●拼写变化: 以“-e”结尾的基数词,加 -th 即可。如:six -> sixth, seven -> seventh. 以“-y”结尾的基数词,先将“-y”变为“-i”,再加 -eth。如:twenty -> twentieth, forty -> fortieth. 复合序数词通常在最后一个词上加序数词后缀。如:twenty-one -> twenty-first, one hundred and twenty-three -> one hundred and twenty-third. 5. 使用序数词的注意事项: ●序数词前通常需要加定冠词 the。 He was the first to arrive. (他是第一个到的。) This is the third time I've told you. (这是我第三次告诉你了。) ●表示“又一,再一”时,序数词 first 除外,其他序数词前不加定冠词 the。 Would you like a second try? (你想再试一次吗?) ●在表示“几月几日”时,序数词前通常不用定冠词 the。 May first is Labour Day in many countries. (五月一日是许多国家的劳动节。) ●序数词可以转化为副词形式,如 firstly, secondly, thirdly 等,用于列举。 Firstly, I don't have time. Secondly, I'm not interested. (第一,我没时间。第二,我不感兴趣。) 二、 数词的复数形式 有些情况下,基数词和序数词需要用复数形式。 1. 基数词的复数: ●表示“重复,反复”次数时,基数词用复数。 Try it three times. (试三次。) He told me the story two times. (他给我讲了两遍这个故事。) ●表示“年龄”时,基数词复数形式常用来表示“……十几岁”。 He looks thirties. (他看起来三十多岁了。) - 口语中常用 She is in her twenties. (她二十多岁。) - 指年龄段 ●表示“时刻”时,分钟数若超过30,常用“to +下一个钟点”表示,分钟数用复数。 It's twenty to ten. (现在是九点四十分。) ●表示“大约”时,基数词的复数形式常与 of 连用。 Hundreds of people attended the meeting. (数百人参加了会议。) Thousands of stars are in the sky. (天空中有成千上万颗星星。) 2. 序数词的复数: ●表示“第几等,第几类”时,序数词用复数。 These are firsts in our company's history. (这些是我们公司历史上的第一次。) Seconds are usually cheaper than firsts. (二等品通常比一等品便宜。) ●表示“级别,名次”时,序数词用复数。 He won firsts in three events. (他在三个项目中都获得了第一名。) ●表示“年龄”时,序数词复数形式常用来表示“……多岁”。 He is in his fifties. (他五十多岁了。) ●表示“列举”多个项目时,序数词的副词形式(如 firstly, secondly...)本身就是单数,但若指代多个“第几”概念,有时也可用复数(较少见,多用于特定语境)。 【即时训练】 1. I need _______ apples to make an apple pie. A. one B. a C. an D. / 2. The bus arrived at _______ o'clock in the morning. A. seven B. a seven C. the seven D. seven o'clocks 3. My son is _______ years old this year. A. nine B. a nine C. the nine D. nines 4. Please call me at _______ five six seven eight nine if you have any questions. A. number B. numbers C. / D. a 5. There are _______ students in the classroom. A. twenty B. a twenty C. the twenty D. twenties 6. This road is _______ times as wide as that one. A. three B. a three C. the three D. threes 7. I bought _______ kilograms of rice yesterday. A. two B. two kilogram C. two kilograms D. the two 8. _______ of the students in our class are from Inner Mongolia. A. Two B. Two students C. Two of D. Two of the 9. One and a half _______ enough for me. A. apple are B. apple is C. apples are D. apples is 10. There are _______ people waiting for the bus. A. hundreds B. hundred C. the hundreds D. a hundred 11. The train arrived at _______ forty-five. A. a B. / C. the D. an 12. He tried _______ times before he succeeded. A. three B. the three C. a three D. threes 13. I will be back in _______ days. A. three B. the three C. a three D. threes 14. He looks like he is in his _______. A. twenty B. twenties C. the twenties D. a twenty 15. There are _______ books on the shelf. A. five B. a five C. the five D. fives 【知识点清单三】数词在主谓一致中的运用 【要点精讲】 数词在句子中作主语或修饰主语时,会影响谓语动词的数(单数或复数)。这主要涉及到基数词和序数词的复数形式。 一、 基数词作主语 1. 单个基数词作主语: 通常视为单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 Five is my lucky number. (五是我的幸运数字。) Zero is important in mathematics. (零在数学中很重要。) One is not always easy to be. (做一个人并不总是容易的。) 2. 基数词复数形式作主语: 表示“大约多少”或“次数”时,通常视为单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 Hundreds is a large number. (数百是一个大数字。 - 指数量本身) Twice is enough for me. (两次对我来说足够了。 - 指次数) Thrice is more than I expected. (三次比我预期的要多。 - thrice = three times) 3. 基数词复数形式作主语,表示“年龄段”: 通常视为单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 His twenties was a time of great change. (他二十多岁时是充满巨大变化的一段时光。) Her sixties have been very active. (她六十多岁时非常活跃。) 4. 基数词复数形式作主语,表示“多个独立的‘几’”: 通常视为复数概念,谓语动词用复数形式。 The twenties of the 20th century were difficult times. (二十世纪二十年代是艰难的时期。 - 指具体的几年,如 1920s) The thirties brought the Great Depression. (三十年代带来了大萧条。 - 指具体的几年,如 1930s) The tens of the 21st century are just beginning. (二十一世纪十年代刚刚开始。 - 指 2010s) 5. 基数词作主语,表示“……中的第几个”: 通常视为单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 One of the students is absent. (一个学生缺席了。) Two of the apples are rotten. (两个苹果烂了。) 二、 序数词作主语 1. 单个序数词作主语: 通常视为单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 First is the worst, second is the best. (第一最糟,第二最好。) Third prefers to be alone. (第三喜欢独处。) 2. 序数词复数形式作主语: 通常视为复数概念,谓语动词用复数形式。 The firsts in the competition received gold medals. (比赛中的第一名们都获得了金牌。) The seconds were awarded silver medals. (第二名们获得了银牌。) The fifties were a prosperous decade. (五十年代是一个繁荣的十年。 - 指具体的几年,如 1950s) 三、 分数作主语 谓语动词的数取决于分数后面 of 短语中名词的数。 One half of the cake is gone. (蛋糕的一半不见了。 - cake 是单数,谓语用 is) One half of the cakes are gone. (一半的蛋糕不见了。 - cakes 是复数,谓语用 are) Two thirds of the students are from Inner Mongolia. (三分之二的学生来自内蒙古。 - students 是复数,谓语用 are) Two thirds of the apple is eaten. (苹果的三分之二被吃掉了。 - apple 是单数,谓语用 is) 四、 小数作主语 通常视为单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 Point five is equal to one half. (0.5 等于二分之一。) Five point two is not a whole number. (5.2 不是一个整数。) 五、 百分数作主语 通常视为单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 Fifty percent of the population supports the new policy. (百分之五十的人口支持新政策。) Seventy percent is a passing grade. (百分之七十是及格分数。) 六、 年、月、日、时间、金钱等作主语 如果表示一个整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调其组成元素,谓语动词用复数形式。 One hundred dollars is a lot of money. (一百美元是一大笔钱。 - 强调整体金额) One hundred dollars are divided among the winners. (一百美元被分给了获胜者。 - 强调被分成一百个一美元) One hundred dollars are scattered on the floor. (一百美元散落在地上。 - 强调散落的一张张美元) Two o'clock is the deadline. (两点是截止时间。 - 强调时间点) Two o'clock are the hours and minutes that mark the deadline. (两个小时数和分钟数标示了截止时间。 - 强调组成元素,不常用) 1990 was a significant year. (1990 年是重要的一年。 - 强调年份整体) 【即时训练】 1. Ten years ________ a long time to wait for an answer. A. is B. are C. be D. am 2. Fifty dollars ________ enough for this second-hand bike. A. is B. are C. were D. am 3. Two kilometers ________ a long distance for a beginner to run in one go. A. is B. are C. was D. were 4. The three students ________ working on the group project together. A. is B. are C. was D. were 5. One of the five cats ________ playing with the yarn. A. is B. are C. was D. were 6. Two-thirds of the students ________ going to participate in the sports meet. A. is B. are C. was D. were 7. Three-quarters of the apple ________ eaten by the little girl. A. is B. are C. was D. were 8. Both of the twins ________ very smart and hardworking. A. is B. are C. was D. were 9. Either of the two routes ________ suitable for the heavy traffic condition. A. is B. are C. was D. were 10. Neither of the answers ________ correct. You need to think again. A. is B. are C. was D. were 11. The first ten people ________ received a special prize. A. is B. are C. was D. were 12. The second chapter ________ the most interesting part of the book. A. is B. are C. was D. were 13. Three plus five ________ eight. A. is B. are C. make D. makes 14. Two multiplied by four ________ eight. A. is B. are C. make D. makes 15. The first two pages ________ torn out of the book. A. is B. are C. was D. were 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明:2026版内蒙古自治区(对口招生)一轮复习《英语知识点清单》,依据最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分,系统总结归纳知识点,全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分:第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单,第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇和句型的语言知识清单,第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义和练习题。 本专题是2026版内蒙古自治区(对口招生)一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第3个专题,内容为数词。 内蒙古2026年对口招生考试一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题3 数词(讲+练) 【考点解读】 从近三年的高考试题中可以看出,数词考点主要集中于分数表达法、序数词应用以及数词与主谓一致结合考查等方面,需要学生熟练掌握基数词序数词的使用规则以及数词在主谓一致中的使用规则。 【知识点清单一】数词的分类 【要点精讲】 数词主要分为两大类:基数词和序数词。 基数词:表示数量“多少”的词,用来计数。例如:one (一), two (二), three (三), ten (十)。 序数词:表示顺序“第几”的词,用来表示事物排列的次序。例如:first (第一), second (第二), third (第三)。 【即时训练】 1. I have apples in the basket. A. one B. first C. a D. an 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词。句意:篮子里有一个苹果。这里需要表示数量的词,one 是基数词,表示“一”。first 是序数词,表示“第一”。a 和 an 是不定冠词,不能直接修饰名词复数 apples。故选 A 项。 2. He is the student in his class. A. two B. second C. twice D. to 【答案】B 【解析】考查序数词。句意:他是班里第二名学生。这里需要表示顺序的词,second 是序数词,表示“第二”。two 是基数词,表示“二”。twice 是副词,表示“两次”。to 是介词。故选 B 项。 3. Please give me pieces of advice. A. two B. second C. twice D. to 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词。句意:请给我两条建议。advice 是不可数名词,pieces 是量词,修饰不可数名词时,前面用基数词表示数量。two 是基数词。second 是序数词。twice 和 to 不是数词。故选 A 项。 4. The Great Wall is kilometers long. A. thousand B. thousands C. thousands of D. a thousand 【答案】D 【解析】考查基数词的复数形式。句意:长城有一千多公里长。当 hundred, thousand, million, billion 等表示确切数字时,通常用单数形式,与基数词或名词连用。a thousand 表示“一千”。thousand, thousands, thousands of 都表示“成千上万”,不表示确切数字。故选 D 项。 5. The meeting will last hours. A. three B. third C. threees D. three of 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词。句意:会议将持续三小时。这里需要表示确切数量的基数词 three。third 是序数词。threees 不是正确的单词。three of 结构不正确。故选 A 项。 6. This is my visit to Beijing. A. one B. first C. once D. one time 【答案】B 【解析】考查序数词。句意:这是我第一次来北京。这里需要表示顺序的词,first 是序数词,表示“第一”。one 是基数词。once 是副词,表示“曾经”。one time 不是固定搭配。故选 B 项。 7. There are students in our class. A. twenty B. twentieth C. twentyth D. twenties 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词。句意:我们班有二十个学生。这里需要表示数量的基数词 twenty。twentieth 是序数词。twentyth 不是正确的单词。twenties 是 twenty 的复数形式,表示“二十个一组”或“二十多岁”,此处不适用。故选 A 项。 8. He was born in . A. nineteen eighty-five B. nineteen and eighty-five C. nineteen or eighty-five D. nineteens eighty-five 【答案】A 【解析】考查年份的表达。句意:他出生在1985年。表示年份时,通常将前两位数和后两位数分开读,nineteen eighty-five 是正确的读法。其他选项的连接方式不正确。故选 A 项。 9. My sister is years old. A. eighteen B. eighteens C. the eighteen D. an eighteen 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词。句意:我姐姐十八岁了。表示年龄时,用基数词。eighteen 是基数词。eighteens 是复数形式,不用于表示年龄。the eighteen 和 an eighteen 结构不正确。故选 A 项。 10. The book is on the floor. A. three B. third C. the three D. the third 【答案】D 【解析】考查序数词。句意:书在第三层地板上。这里表示顺序,“第三层”应用序数词。third 是序数词,但前面通常需要定冠词 the。the three 表示“三个中的那三个”。故选 D 项。 11. There are days in a week. A. seven B. seventh C. the seven D. the seventh 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词。句意:一周有七天。这里表示确切的数量,用基数词 seven。seventh 是序数词。the seven 和 the seventh 结构不正确。故选 A 项。 12. He finished the race in place. A. one B. first C. the one D. the first 【答案】D 【解析】考查序数词。句意:他第一个完成了比赛。表示“第一名”时,用序数词 first,且前面通常加定冠词 the。one 是基数词。the one 表示“那个”。故选 D 项。 13. I have visited this city time. A. two B. second C. twice D. the second 【答案】C 【解析】考查副词。句意:我已经第二次参观这座城市了。这里表示动作重复的次数,“两次”用副词 twice。two 是基数词。second 是序数词。the second 表示“第二个”。故选 C 项。 14. The factory employs workers. A. two thousands B. two thousand C. thousands D. thousand of 【答案】B 【解析】考查基数词的复数形式。句意:这家工厂雇佣了两千名工人。当 hundred, thousand 等表示确切数字时,用单数形式。two thousand 表示“两千”。two thousands 是错误的复数形式。thousands 和 thousand of 表示“成千上万”,不表示确切数字。故选 B 项。 15. He has learned English for years. A. five B. fifth C. the five D. the fifth 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词。句意:他已经学了五年英语了。表示时间段时,用基数词 five。fifth 是序数词。the five 和 the fifth 结构不正确。故选 A 项。 【知识点清单二】基数词、序数词的用法及构成 【要点精讲】 一、 数词的分类及基本用法 1. 数词主要分为两大类:基数词和序数词。 ●基数词 (Cardinal Numerals):表示数量“多少”的词,如 one, two, three 等。 ●序数词 (Ordinal Numerals):表示顺序“第几”的词,如 first, second, third 等。 2. 基数词基本用法: ●表示数量: I have two apples. (我有两个苹果。) There are five students in the room. (房间里有五个学生。) ●表示时间: It's three o'clock. (现在是三点钟。) Twelve months make a year. (十二个月构成一年。) ●表示年龄: He is ten years old. (他十岁了。) 表示电话号码、房间号、门牌号等: My room number is four zero two. (我的房间号是402。) You can call me at one two three four five six seven eight nine. (你可以拨打123456789找我。) ●表示价格: The book costs twenty dollars. (这本书花二十美元。) ●表示分数、小数: One and a half apples are on the table. (桌子上有1个半苹果。) The temperature is point five degrees below zero. (气温零下0.5度。) ●表示倍数: This road is three times as long as that one. (这条路是那条路的三倍长。) 3. 基数词考点提示: ●基数词修饰名词时,通常放在冠词(a/an/the)之后,名词之前。 ●基数词与名词连用构成复合名词时,名词常用单数形式(尤其是度量衡单位)。 two kilometers (两公里) three meters (三米) five pounds (五英镑) ●基数词可以与 of 连用,表示“……个(些)中的……”,但通常用于表示“大约”或“平均”的概念,或者用于数学表达式中。 One of the students is absent. (一个学生缺席了。) Three of the apples are rotten. (三个苹果烂了。) On average, one of every ten people has this problem. (平均每十个人中就有一个有这个问题。) 4. 序数词的基本用法: ●表示顺序: January is the first month of the year. (一月是一年中的第一个月。) He finished the race in the second place. (他比赛获得了第二名。) ●表示日期: My birthday is on May tenth. (我的生日是五月十日。) The first of January is New Year's Day. (一月一日是元旦。) ●表示“又一,再一”: 在这种情况下,序数词 first 除外,其他序数词前不加定冠词 the,相当于 another 或 an additional。 Would you like a second helping? (你想要再来一份吗?) Let me try once more / a third time. (我再试一次/第三次。) ●构成规则: 不规则变化: one -> first two -> second three -> third five -> fifth eight -> eighth nine -> ninth twelve -> twelfth twenty-one -> twenty-first (注意复合序数词中只加最后一个词的后缀) ●拼写变化: 以“-e”结尾的基数词,加 -th 即可。如:six -> sixth, seven -> seventh. 以“-y”结尾的基数词,先将“-y”变为“-i”,再加 -eth。如:twenty -> twentieth, forty -> fortieth. 复合序数词通常在最后一个词上加序数词后缀。如:twenty-one -> twenty-first, one hundred and twenty-three -> one hundred and twenty-third. 5. 使用序数词的注意事项: ●序数词前通常需要加定冠词 the。 He was the first to arrive. (他是第一个到的。) This is the third time I've told you. (这是我第三次告诉你了。) ●表示“又一,再一”时,序数词 first 除外,其他序数词前不加定冠词 the。 Would you like a second try? (你想再试一次吗?) ●在表示“几月几日”时,序数词前通常不用定冠词 the。 May first is Labour Day in many countries. (五月一日是许多国家的劳动节。) ●序数词可以转化为副词形式,如 firstly, secondly, thirdly 等,用于列举。 Firstly, I don't have time. Secondly, I'm not interested. (第一,我没时间。第二,我不感兴趣。) 二、 数词的复数形式 有些情况下,基数词和序数词需要用复数形式。 1. 基数词的复数: ●表示“重复,反复”次数时,基数词用复数。 Try it three times. (试三次。) He told me the story two times. (他给我讲了两遍这个故事。) ●表示“年龄”时,基数词复数形式常用来表示“……十几岁”。 He looks thirties. (他看起来三十多岁了。) - 口语中常用 She is in her twenties. (她二十多岁。) - 指年龄段 ●表示“时刻”时,分钟数若超过30,常用“to +下一个钟点”表示,分钟数用复数。 It's twenty to ten. (现在是九点四十分。) ●表示“大约”时,基数词的复数形式常与 of 连用。 Hundreds of people attended the meeting. (数百人参加了会议。) Thousands of stars are in the sky. (天空中有成千上万颗星星。) 2. 序数词的复数: ●表示“第几等,第几类”时,序数词用复数。 These are firsts in our company's history. (这些是我们公司历史上的第一次。) Seconds are usually cheaper than firsts. (二等品通常比一等品便宜。) ●表示“级别,名次”时,序数词用复数。 He won firsts in three events. (他在三个项目中都获得了第一名。) ●表示“年龄”时,序数词复数形式常用来表示“……多岁”。 He is in his fifties. (他五十多岁了。) ●表示“列举”多个项目时,序数词的副词形式(如 firstly, secondly...)本身就是单数,但若指代多个“第几”概念,有时也可用复数(较少见,多用于特定语境)。 【即时训练】 1. I need _______ apples to make an apple pie. A. one B. a C. an D. / 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词的基本用法。句意:我需要一个苹果来做苹果派。这里需要表示数量的基数词 one。a 和 an 是冠词,不能直接修饰名词表示数量;/ 表示空缺,不正确。故选 A 项。 2. The bus arrived at _______ o'clock in the morning. A. seven B. a seven C. the seven D. seven o'clocks 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词表示时间。句意:公共汽车在早上七点到达。表示具体时间点用基数词,直接放在 o'clock 之前,不需要冠词。seven o'clocks 是错误的表达。故选 A 项。 3. My son is _______ years old this year. A. nine B. a nine C. the nine D. nines 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词表示年龄。句意:我儿子今年九岁了。表示年龄用基数词,直接放在 years old 之前,不需要冠词。a nine, the nine, nines 都不符合语法。故选 A 项。 4. Please call me at _______ five six seven eight nine if you have any questions. A. number B. numbers C. / D. a 【答案】C 【解析】考查基数词表示电话号码。句意:如果你有任何问题,请拨打 56789 找我。表示电话号码时,直接读出各个数字,中间不需要任何冠词或名词。故选 C 项。 5. There are _______ students in the classroom. A. twenty B. a twenty C. the twenty D. twenties 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词修饰名词。句意:教室里有二十个学生。基数词 twenty 修饰名词 students,放在冠词(如果有)之后,名词之前,不需要加 s。a twenty, the twenty, twenties 都不符合语法。故选 A 项。 6. This road is _______ times as wide as that one. A. three B. a three C. the three D. threes 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词表示倍数。句意:这条路是那条路的三倍宽。表示倍数用基数词,放在 times 之前,不需要冠词。a three, the three, threes 都不符合语法。故选 A 项。 7. I bought _______ kilograms of rice yesterday. A. two B. two kilogram C. two kilograms D. the two 【答案】C 【解析】考查基数词与度量衡单位名词连用。句意:我昨天买了两公斤大米。基数词与名词连用构成复合名词时,名词通常用单数形式。但在这里,kilogram 是可数名词,表示“两公斤”时,更自然的表达是 two kilograms of rice。故选 C 项。(注:有时也接受 two kilogram of rice,但 two kilograms of 更常用)。 8. _______ of the students in our class are from Inner Mongolia. A. Two B. Two students C. Two of D. Two of the 【答案】D 【解析】考查基数词与 of 连用。句意:我们班有两名学生来自内蒙古。基数词与 of 连用表示“……个(些)中的……”时,通常结构是“基数词 + of + the/other/some + 复数名词”。这里表示“我们班中的两名学生”,应用 Two of the students。故选 D 项。 9. One and a half _______ enough for me. A. apple are B. apple is C. apples are D. apples is 【答案】D 【解析】考查分数结构中的名词单复数。句意:一个半苹果对我来说足够了。one and a half 后面通常跟名词的复数形式,但整体作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。这里考察的是名词形式,one and a half 后面应用 apples。故选 D 项。(如果考察谓语动词,句子应为 One and a half apples is enough for me.) 10. There are _______ people waiting for the bus. A. hundreds B. hundred C. the hundreds D. a hundred 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词复数形式表示大约数量。句意:有数百人在等公共汽车。当 hundred, thousand, million 等表示大约数量时,用复数形式 hundreds, thousands, millions,常与 of 连用,前面不加 a 或 the。这里 hundreds of people 表示“数百人”。故选 A 项。 11. The train arrived at _______ forty-five. A. a B. / C. the D. an 【答案】B 【解析】考查分钟数表示时刻。句意:火车在四点四十五分到达。表示“几点过几分”(不超过30分钟)用 past,如 seven fifteen -> a quarter past seven;表示“几点差几分”(超过30分钟)用 to,如 seven forty-five -> a quarter to eight。直接用分钟数表示时刻时,分钟数前不加冠词。故选 B 项。(注:如果题目意指“四十五分”这个时间点,通常需要结合钟点,如 seven forty-five,此时 forty-five 前不加冠词)。 12. He tried _______ times before he succeeded. A. three B. the three C. a three D. threes 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词复数形式表示次数。句意:他在成功之前尝试了三次。表示“重复,反复”次数时,基数词用复数形式。基数词本身不需要加冠词。故选 A 项。 13. I will be back in _______ days. A. three B. the three C. a three D. threes 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词复数形式表示时间段。句意:我三天后回来。表示时间段用基数词复数形式,基数词本身不需要加冠词。故选 A 项。 14. He looks like he is in his _______. A. twenty B. twenties C. the twenties D. a twenty 【答案】B 【解析】考查基数词复数形式表示年龄段。句意:他看起来二十多岁。表示“……多岁”用基数词的复数形式。故选 B 项。 15. There are _______ books on the shelf. A. five B. a five C. the five D. fives 【答案】A 【解析】考查基数词修饰名词的基本用法。句意:书架上有五本书。基数词 five 修饰名词 books,放在冠词(如果有)之后,名词之前,不需要加 s。a five, the five, fives 都不符合语法。故选 A 项。 【知识点清单三】数词在主谓一致中的运用 【要点精讲】 数词在句子中作主语或修饰主语时,会影响谓语动词的数(单数或复数)。这主要涉及到基数词和序数词的复数形式。 一、 基数词作主语 1. 单个基数词作主语: 通常视为单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 Five is my lucky number. (五是我的幸运数字。) Zero is important in mathematics. (零在数学中很重要。) One is not always easy to be. (做一个人并不总是容易的。) 2. 基数词复数形式作主语: 表示“大约多少”或“次数”时,通常视为单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 Hundreds is a large number. (数百是一个大数字。 - 指数量本身) Twice is enough for me. (两次对我来说足够了。 - 指次数) Thrice is more than I expected. (三次比我预期的要多。 - thrice = three times) 3. 基数词复数形式作主语,表示“年龄段”: 通常视为单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 His twenties was a time of great change. (他二十多岁时是充满巨大变化的一段时光。) Her sixties have been very active. (她六十多岁时非常活跃。) 4. 基数词复数形式作主语,表示“多个独立的‘几’”: 通常视为复数概念,谓语动词用复数形式。 The twenties of the 20th century were difficult times. (二十世纪二十年代是艰难的时期。 - 指具体的几年,如 1920s) The thirties brought the Great Depression. (三十年代带来了大萧条。 - 指具体的几年,如 1930s) The tens of the 21st century are just beginning. (二十一世纪十年代刚刚开始。 - 指 2010s) 5. 基数词作主语,表示“……中的第几个”: 通常视为单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 One of the students is absent. (一个学生缺席了。) Two of the apples are rotten. (两个苹果烂了。) 二、 序数词作主语 1. 单个序数词作主语: 通常视为单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 First is the worst, second is the best. (第一最糟,第二最好。) Third prefers to be alone. (第三喜欢独处。) 2. 序数词复数形式作主语: 通常视为复数概念,谓语动词用复数形式。 The firsts in the competition received gold medals. (比赛中的第一名们都获得了金牌。) The seconds were awarded silver medals. (第二名们获得了银牌。) The fifties were a prosperous decade. (五十年代是一个繁荣的十年。 - 指具体的几年,如 1950s) 三、 分数作主语 谓语动词的数取决于分数后面 of 短语中名词的数。 One half of the cake is gone. (蛋糕的一半不见了。 - cake 是单数,谓语用 is) One half of the cakes are gone. (一半的蛋糕不见了。 - cakes 是复数,谓语用 are) Two thirds of the students are from Inner Mongolia. (三分之二的学生来自内蒙古。 - students 是复数,谓语用 are) Two thirds of the apple is eaten. (苹果的三分之二被吃掉了。 - apple 是单数,谓语用 is) 四、 小数作主语 通常视为单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 Point five is equal to one half. (0.5 等于二分之一。) Five point two is not a whole number. (5.2 不是一个整数。) 五、 百分数作主语 通常视为单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式。 Fifty percent of the population supports the new policy. (百分之五十的人口支持新政策。) Seventy percent is a passing grade. (百分之七十是及格分数。) 六、 年、月、日、时间、金钱等作主语 如果表示一个整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调其组成元素,谓语动词用复数形式。 One hundred dollars is a lot of money. (一百美元是一大笔钱。 - 强调整体金额) One hundred dollars are divided among the winners. (一百美元被分给了获胜者。 - 强调被分成一百个一美元) One hundred dollars are scattered on the floor. (一百美元散落在地上。 - 强调散落的一张张美元) Two o'clock is the deadline. (两点是截止时间。 - 强调时间点) Two o'clock are the hours and minutes that mark the deadline. (两个小时数和分钟数标示了截止时间。 - 强调组成元素,不常用) 1990 was a significant year. (1990 年是重要的一年。 - 强调年份整体) 【即时训练】 1. Ten years ________ a long time to wait for an answer. A. is B. are C. be D. am 【答案】A 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:等待一个答案十年是一段很长的时间。这里“Ten years”表示一段时间,被看作一个整体概念,所以谓语动词用单数形式is。故选A项。 2. Fifty dollars ________ enough for this second-hand bike. A. is B. are C. were D. am 【答案】A 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:五十美元对于这辆二手自行车来说足够了。“Fifty dollars”在这里指一笔钱的总数,被看作一个整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式is。故选A项。 3. Two kilometers ________ a long distance for a beginner to run in one go. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】B 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:对于初学者来说,一次性跑两公里是一段很长的距离。“Two kilometers”指具体的距离单位(两个一公里),强调的是两个独立的距离单位,谓语动词用复数形式are。故选B项。(注:如果理解为“两公里”作为一个整体距离概念,也可用is,但此处更侧重单位复数,are更常见。) 4. The three students ________ working on the group project together. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】B 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:那三个学生正在一起做小组项目。“The three students”中的基数词“three”修饰复数名词“students”,整个名词短语是复数概念,谓语动词用复数形式are。故选B项。 5. One of the five cats ________ playing with the yarn. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】A 【解析】考查主谓一致。“one of + 复数名词”结构中,真正的主语是前面的“one”,谓语动词通常用单数形式。句意:五只猫中的一只正在玩毛线。故选A项。 6. Two-thirds of the students ________ going to participate in the sports meet. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】B 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:三分之二的学生将参加运动会。“Two-thirds of the students”中,of后面的名词“students”是复数,所以谓语动词用复数形式are。故选B项。 7. Three-quarters of the apple ________ eaten by the little girl. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】C 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:四分之三的苹果被那个小女孩吃掉了。“Three-quarters of the apple”中,of后面的名词“apple”是单数,所以谓语动词用单数形式was。故选C项。 8. Both of the twins ________ very smart and hardworking. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】B 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:这对双胞胎都非常聪明和勤奋。“Both of the twins”中的“both”强调两者,谓语动词用复数形式are。故选B项。 9. Either of the two routes ________ suitable for the heavy traffic condition. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】A 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:这两条路线中的任何一条对于这种交通状况来说都不太合适。“Either of + 复数名词”结构中,谓语动词通常用单数形式is。故选A项。 10. Neither of the answers ________ correct. You need to think again. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】A 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:这两个答案都不正确。你需要再想想。“Neither of + 复数名词”结构中,谓语动词通常用单数形式is。故选A项。 11. The first ten people ________ received a special prize. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】D 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:前十名的人获得了特别奖品。“The first ten people”中的序数词“first”和基数词“ten”修饰复数名词“people”,整个名词短语是复数概念,谓语动词用复数形式were。故选D项。 12. The second chapter ________ the most interesting part of the book. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】A 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:第二章是这本书中最有趣的部分。“The second chapter”中的序数词“second”修饰单数名词“chapter”,整个名词短语是单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式is。故选A项。 13. Three plus five ________ eight. A. is B. are C. make D. makes 【答案】A 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:三加五等于八。“Three plus five”表示一个数学运算的整体结果,被看作一个整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式is。故选A项。 14. Two multiplied by four ________ eight. A. is B. are C. make D. makes 【答案】D 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:二乘以四等于八。“Two multiplied by four”中的基数词“two”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式makes。注意:基数词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式与基数词本身表示的数量无关,一律用单数形式。故选D项。 15. The first two pages ________ torn out of the book. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】D 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:书的前两页被撕掉了。“The first two pages”中的基数词“two”修饰复数名词“pages”,整个名词短语是复数概念,谓语动词用复数形式were。故选D项。 希望这份练习题能帮助同学们更好地理解和掌握数词在主谓一致中的运用!如果还有疑问,随时可以提出来。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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