Unit 4 Sharing Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

Unit 4　Grammar—Review of phrases 1 Learning objectives Review how to use phrases Learn to distinguish phrases and use them flexibly Learn to use phrases correctly in daily lives 01 短语的定义与分类 短语定义 短语(Phrases)是英语中有一定意义但不构成 独立从句或句子的组词。 英语短语可在句中充当主语、谓语、宾语、 定语、状语、补语、同位语等。 Noun phrase(NP) 名词短语 Verb phrase(VP) Adverbial phrase(AdvP) Adjective phrase(AdjP) Prepositional phrase(PrepP) 动词短语 形容词短语 副词短语 介词短语 短语类型 ① clothes shop ② developed countries ③ tired but happy ④ so deeply ⑤ from behind ⑥ in favor of ⑦ give up ⑧ find a seat to sit on NP NP AdjP AdvP PreP PrepP VP VP Look at the following phrases and recognize their types. 一、 名词短语 (noun phrase,简称NP) 名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语。 指出下列句子中画线名词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。 1. These ideas may seem strange to you. 作 ______ 2. We love our great motherland very much. 作 ______ 3. The man wearing a black coat is our teacher. 作_____ 4. Those beautiful flowers come from Yunnan Province. 作 _____ 5. We elected him monitor of our class. 作 _________ 主语 宾语 表语 主语 宾语补足语 合作探究1 1. 名词短语在句中作名词用，一般用作 ________ ___________________________ 等。 2. 名词短语由“ (限定词) ＋ (数词、形容词、形容词短语描述性名词) ＋ 名词 ＋ (介词短语) ”组成。 主语、 宾语、表语、宾语补足语 【提醒】限定词包括： 冠词 (a, an, the) 指示代词 (this, that, these, those等) 物主代词 (my, your, his, her, our, their等) 不定代词(some, no, neither, both等) Conclusion 1 8 冠词+形容词+名词 an exciting experience 一次激动人心的经历 the broken window 破碎的窗玻璃 冠词+名词+介词+名词 a piece of bread 一块面包 the book for children 儿童读物 常见的名词短语 名词所有格短语 today's newspaper 今天的报纸 the teachers’ office 老师的办公室 9 名词+to 短语 the way to success 成功之道 the entrance to the cinema 电影院入口 名词+with短语 a man with good manners 有礼貌的男士 a girl with golden hair 金发的女孩 名词作定语的名词短语 railway station 火车站 glass cup 玻璃杯 判断句中的名词短语及其句法功能 He got three gold medals at the 23rd Olympic Games. The tall building was built last year. This is a very interesting book. We made him captain of our team. The flower shop is just around the corner and you won't miss it. He has received a nice coffee cup as a gift. This is an exciting experience which will never be forgotten. We made Tom monitor of our class. 宾 主 表 宾补 主 宾 宾 表 宾补 二、形容词短语 (AdjP) 指出下列句子中画线形容词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。 1. The air today is nice and clean. 作 _____ 2. She is a lively and lovely girl. 作 _____ 3. He found the film very interesting. 作 _____ 表语 定语 宾补 合作探究2 形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于形容词。 12 1. 形容词短语在句中作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，作 _____，还可用作 _______或者 ________等。 2. 形容词短语由“ (副词) ＋ 形容词 ＋ (介词短语) ”组成。 表语 宾语补足语 定语 二、形容词短语 (AdjP) Conclusion 2 常见的形容词短语 形容词+形容词(多个形容词由 and, but 等连词连接) large and beautiful young but clever tired but happy thirsty and hungry 副词+形容词(very, so, enough, quite, pretty等 副词表程度，enough 修饰形容词时，放在形容词后面) very hot awfully dirty pretty good long enough 14 常见的形容词短语 be+形容词+介词 be particular about 对······挑剔 be aware of 意识到 be rich in 富含…… be successful in 在·····方面成功 be addicted to 对····上瘾 15 副词短语是指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于副词。 三、副词短语 (AdvP) 指出下列句子中画线副词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。 1. He ran very quickly yesterday. 修饰 _______ 作 _______ 动词 状语 合作探究3 16 2. I am much too pleased to see you. 修饰 _______ 作 _______ 3. She plays well enough as a beginner. 修饰 _______ 作 _______ 4. He worked much more carefully on the new design. 修饰 _______ 作 _______ 形容词 状语 动词 状语 副词 状语 合作探究3 17 1. 副词短语在句中作副词用，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词，作 _________ 等。 2. 副词短语由“ (修饰语) ＋ 副词”组成。 状语 Conclusion 3 【提醒】副词enough在修饰形容词或者副词构成形容词短语或者副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。 18 常见的副词短语 副词+副词(多个副词由 and, but 等连词连接) again and again quickly and correctly very/so/quite/pretty/extremely/much+副词 (副词enough 修饰副词时，放在副词后面) so/very/extremely fast much quicker quite/fairly/pretty well fairly regularly clearly enough 19 在英语中动词短语按其在句子中的功能可分为谓语动词和非谓语动词短语。  谓语动词是由时态、人称和数来决定动词形式,是表示动作或状态的,它又可分为:实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词四种。 非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。 四、动词短语 (verb phrases) 20 ① put back 放回去　　 ② call back 回电话 ③ break down 出故障 ④ turn down 调小 ⑤ come up 上升 1、动词＋副词 ⑥ blow up 爆炸 ⑦ show off 炫耀 ⑧ give off 散发 ⑨ break out突然发生 ⑩ run out 用完 动词短语的构成 ① bring about引起　　　　 ② contribute to 导致 ③ fall into 陷入 ④ seek for寻找 ⑤ burst into 闯入 2、动词＋介词 ⑥ look into 调查 ⑦ see to 处理；负责 ⑧ devote to 贡献给 ⑨ deal with 处理 ⑩ believe in 信任 ① add up to 总计 ② keep away from远离 ③ look down on 轻视 ④ keep up with 赶上 ⑤ make up for 弥补 3、动词＋副词＋介词 ⑥ get on with 相处 ⑦ get across to使明白 ⑧ get out of 逃避,避免 ⑨ put up with 忍受 ⑩ catch up with 赶上 ① catch sight of 看见,瞥见　 ② make use of 利用 ③ pay attention to 注意 ④ make sense of 理解 ⑤ take notice of 注意到 ⑥ take care of 照看 4、动词＋名词＋介词 ⑦ take part in 参加 ⑧ take advantage of 利用 ⑨ take pride in 为……感到自豪 ⑩ make room for 为……腾出空间 以介词为中心词的短语叫作介词短语，可在句子作 等。 五、介词短语 (PreP) 指出下列句子中画线副词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。 1、He was hunting in the forest when he saw the terrible bear. 作 _______ 状语 合作探究 25 2、I think that your son must be on the playground now. 作 _______ 3、The apple on the table is reserved for my little daughter. 作 _______ 4、It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. 作 _______ 表语 定语 宾补 合作探究 26 以介词为中心词的短语叫作介词短语，可在句子作 等。 五、介词短语 (PreP) 状语、表语、定语、宾补等 27 02 巩固练习 1. Identify the phrases in the following sentences and state their functions. Mark noun phrases as NP, verb phrases VP, adverbial phrases AdvP, adjective phrases AdjP, and prepositional phrases PrepP. （P41） 1. I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets, and it’s always nice to get mail! VP (谓) NP (宾) AdjP (表) VP (真主) 2.More importantly, she was my best friend. 3. Tombe’s father，Mukap，a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead，led us to his house. NP (表) AdvP (状) NP (主) PrepP (定) VP (谓) PrepP (状) NP (同位语) 4. He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau(sweet potato)，ripe corn，and greens. 5. Later，I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire. NP (宾) PrepP (状) PrepP (状) AdvP (状) PrepP (状) PrepP (状) NP (宾) 6. My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home. NP (主) PrepP (状) PrepP (状) VP (谓) NP (主) VP (谓) China has offered __________________________ to many countries in its Belt and Road Initiative. In the Congo, many __________ have been transformed into _______________________ since then. Trains run ___________________ Europe from China, and to China from Europe, bringing new jobs and opportunities to both ends. Chinese healthcare workers have also been sent to provide aid to places _____________________. Despite all the difficulties involved in this project, these efforts have been greeted with ______________ support from the locals. II. Complete the passage with the phrases below in their proper forms. beautiful modern road a chorus of dusty track straight towards a large amount of investment with dangerous disease a large amount of investment dusty tracks beautiful modern roads with dangerous diseases a chorus of straight towards 更多模板下载地址：http://www.pptvzaixian.com/shop/view28111.html（复制链接到浏览器打开） 33 Goodbye! 34 02.����Ϊʲô YLwyou�ղ�-bbs.besgold.com ��ҡ������II, track 2 203714.92 $$