Unit 2 Period 2 Grammar and usage （课件）英语译林版2020必修第一册

Period 2 Grammar and Usage Unit 2 Let's talk teens 英语译林版2020必修第一册 Contents 1. Lead in 2. Look and explore 3. Practice 4. Summary 5. Homework 01 Lead in Appreciate some sentences about family. Home is the harbor of soul in the wind and waves. I don’t know the meaning of “home” , but unhappiness and worries melt away once there. —Bing Xin We never know the love of our parents for us till we have become parents. “家”是什么, 我不知道; 但烦闷和忧愁, 都在此中融化消灭。 养儿方知父母恩。 家是心灵在风浪中的港湾。 simple compound complex 1. 简单句（Simple Sentences）：只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句。　 2. 并列句（Compound Sentences）：由并列连词连接的两个或两个以上的简单句。 3. 复合句（Complex Sentences）：包含一个主句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句，从句由从属连词引导。 句子按结构可以分为三类: 简单句, 并列句, 复合句 5 句子类型 结构特点 例句 关键区别 简单句 一个主谓结构 She sings. 无连接词，表达单一动作或状态。 并列句 多个简单句 + 并列连词 / 分号 She sings, and I dance. 分句地位平等，无主次，通过连词体现逻辑关系。 复合句 主句 + 从句（引导词连接） When she sings, I dance. 从句依赖主句，不可独立，引导词决定从句功能（如时间、原因等）。 Let’s discover Simple sentence Compound sentence Complex sentence 判断下列句子类型（简单句 / 并列句 / 复合句）： I like reading books. He is tall, but his brother is short. When the bell rang, the students stopped talking. She plays the violin and writes songs. If you finish your homework, you can watch TV. Simple sentence Complex sentence 考 情 导 向 02 Look and explore Simple sentence Five Basic Sentence Structures : Subject + Verb(SV) Subject + Verb + Predicative(SVP) Subject + Verb + Object (SVO) Subject + Verb + Indirect object+ Direct object(SVOO) Subject + Verb + Object + Object complement (SVOC) 1. Subject + Verb(SV) I eat. He runs. 2. Subject + Verb + Object (SVO) She plays the piano. He reads English every morning. Simple sentence 3. Subject + Verb + Predicative(SVP) His dream became true finally. She is a writer. The book is on the desk. 4. Subject + Verb + Indirect object+ Direct object(SVOO) She gave me（IO） a book（DO）. She showed us（IO） her photos（DO）. My mom cooked dinner（DO） for me（IO）. He asked me（IO） a question（DO）. 5. Subject + Verb + Object + Object complement (SVOC) We made him happy. We kept the door open. I saw them playing football. They elected him president. 两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子，叫作并列句，其基本结构是“简单句＋并列连词＋简单句”。并列句通过并列连词、连接副词和分号三种方式连接起来。 常见连词：and, but, or, so, for, yet, nor（可记为 “FANBOYS” 口诀：For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So） Compound Sentence 常用并列连词及关系 连词 逻辑关系 例句（英文） and 并列 / 递进 She is smart and she works hard. but 转折 He is rich, but he is not happy. or 选择 You can come with me, or stay at home. so 因果 It rained, so we stayed indoors. yet 转折（轻微） He is tired, yet he keeps working. for 原因（解释） She must be ill, for she is absent. BY G.Z 16 欣赏名著中的并列句，划出并列句并分析连词作用： “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity...”（《双城记》开篇） 句子由多个并列句通过逗号 +“it was” 重复结构连接，本质上是并列句的排比（and 可省略以增强节奏感）。 连词（隐含 and）表并列，通过对比 “最好与最坏”“智慧与愚蠢” 等对立概念，奠定小说矛盾的时代背景。 Compound Sentence 判断下列句子是否为并列句，若是请指出并列连词或连接方式（分号 / 连接副词），若不是请说明类型。 She likes coffee, and he prefers tea. When I arrived, they were eating dinner. He is tired, yet he keeps working. The book is interesting; I read it twice. I want to buy a car, but I don’t have enough money. 是并列句，连词 and 表并列 不是并列句，是复合句（when 引导时间状语从句） 是并列句，连词 yet 表转折 是并列句，用分号连接 是并列句，连词 but 表转折 Compound Sentence 定义: 由一个主句（独立句子）和至少一个从句（依赖主句的句子）组成。从句不能独立成句，需通过引导词与主句连接。 复合句中的连词通常称为引导词，根据从句在句子中的作用（如修饰、补充、说明等），可分为以下几类： 1. 状语从句引导词 2. 定语从句引导词 3. 名词性从句引导词 Complex Sentence BY G.Z 19 1. 状语从句引导词 状语从句用于修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词，根据逻辑关系可细分： 逻辑关系 常用引导词 时间 when, while, as, before, after, until, since, as soon as, the moment 原因 because, since, as, for（较少见） 条件 if, unless, as/so long as, in case, provided (that) 让步 though, although, even if, even though, while, no matter (what/how/who), whatever 目的 so that, in order that, in case 结果 so that, so...that..., such...that... 方式 as, as if, as though 地点 where, wherever BY G.Z 2. 定语从句引导词 定语从句用于修饰主句中的名词或代词（先行词），引导词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或状语： 引导词 作用 who/whom 指人，who 作主语 / 宾语，whom 作宾语（可省略） which 指物，作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略） that 指人或物，作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略），不能用于非限制性定语从句 whose 指人或物，作定语（= 先行词的所有格） when 指时间，作时间状语 where 指地点，作地点状语 why 指原因，作原因状语（仅用于先行词为 reason 的情况） BY G.Z 3. 名词性从句引导词 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，相当于名词的作用，引导词在从句中可充当成分或仅起连接作用： 引导词 作用 that 无实际意义，仅起连接作用（宾语从句中可省略，其他从句中一般不省略） whether/if 表示 “是否”，引导宾语从句时可互换，引导其他名词性从句时多用 whether what 指 “什么” 或 “所…… 的”，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语 who/whom 指人，who 作主语，whom 作宾语 which 指 “哪一个 / 哪些”，在从句中作主语、宾语或定语 whose 指 “谁的”，在从句中作定语 when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语 where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语 why 指原因，在从句中作原因状语 how 指 “如何 / 怎样”，在从句中作方式状语 BY G.Z The trouble is that we are short of time. They thought the bridge was beautiful. When you finish the work, you can leave. The man who held an umbrella is my uncle. What she said is not true. 状语从句 定语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 主语从句 Complex Sentence BY G.Z 23 用合适的连词填空 I will call you ______ I arrive.（时间） She didn’t go out _________ it was raining.（原因） The man __________ is sitting there is my father.（定语） I don’t know ________ he will come or not.（宾语） This is the place ______ we met for the first time.（定语） who/that whether when because where Complex Sentence BY G.Z 03 Practice Find the conjunctions. Match each sentence with the correct type and write down the numbers. Simple sentences Compound sentences Complex sentences (2) (3) (4) (6) (5) (8) (13) (1) (7) (9) (10) (11) (12) 1. Your password should be at least eight characters long. This makes it difficult to guess. 2. Posts should not give out personal information. They should not include advertisements. B Applying the Rules Your password should be at least eight characters long because this makes it difficult to guess. Posts should not give out personal information and they should not include advertisements. B1 Below are some tips on how to use TeenHealthWeb. Join each pair of sentences to form a compound or complex sentence. complex compound 3. Describe your problems clearly. Other people can understand them easily. 4. The experts will reply to you. They see your posts. 5. What do you think of our forum? Let us know. B Applying the Rules Describe your problems,so other people can understand them easily. The experts will reply to you when/once/as soon as they see your posts. Let us know what you think of our forum. compound complex complex because unless why that but if how and compound 1. Mary was ill. She was absent from school. 2. He graduated from college. He set up a company of his own. 3. I grew older. I become interested in designing clothes. C. Join each pair of sentences to form a compound or complex sentence. Mary was absent from school because she was ill. As soon as/After he graduated from college, he set up a company of his own. As I grew older, I become interested in designing clothes. Find the logic between sentences. complex complex complex Mary was ill so she was absent from school. compound 4. Why did he make the decision? I struggled to understand the reason. 5. You don’t hurry up. We’ll miss the train. I struggled to understand (the reason) why he make the decision. If you don’t hurry up, we’ll miss the train. complex complex 6. You take action immediately. You are likely to succeed. 7. I am on a diet. I find it hard to completely stay away from chocolate. 8. It turned out to be a lovely day. We decided to go out for a walk. If you take action immediately, you are likely to succeed. Though/Although I am on a diet, I find it hard to completely stay away from chocolate. It turned out to be a lovely day, so we decided to go out for a walk. complex complex compound on performance but anger argument to improve hearing concerned 真题实战 and and and 04 Summary 总结回顾 类型 结构特点 例句（英文） 核心区别 简单句 一个主语 + 一个谓语 She sings. 只有一个独立的主谓结构 并列句 多个简单句用连词连接 She sings, and I dance. 分句之间地位平等，无主次之分 复合句 主句 + 从句 Although it rained, we went out. 从句依赖主句，不能独立成句 Let’s review 05 Homework stress argument concern anxious struggled account volunteers mental go through get along resulted in back down turned out depend upon has shot up Cheer up Thank You! $$