精品解析：山东省济南中学2024-2025学年高一上学期特色招生考试英语试题

山东省济南中学2024年特色招生考试 英语试题 注意事项： 1.本试卷分数学部分和英语部分，共4页，考试时间150分钟，满分200分。 2.答卷前，考生务必将个人的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡规定位置，规范粘贴条形码，所有答案必须填涂在答题卡相应位置，否则无效。 英语部分 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分42.5分） 第一节（共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There are now all kinds of robots that can do all kinds of things: robots that can clean your home, robots that can deliver your shopping, robots that can teach your children, and even robots that can play tennis with you. However, a new robot from Panasonic can’t do any of these things. The new robot, called NICOBO, actually can’t do so much at all. NICOBO is a soft, “weak” robot. It is invented to become a companion for lonely people. So what can NICOBO do? Well, the robot can wag its tail if you pet it. It can turn around, nod up and down, and move its eyes to look at you. It speaks its own language, and can also learn some simple foreign languages and talk with its owner. The robot, which is about the size of a bowling ball, has a small child’s voice. The idea is that looking after a childlike robot that can’t even move by itself will make people feel less lonely. However NICOBO isn’t cheap. The robot itself costs around $460. And there’s also a monthly fee for $8 for software updates. Will anyone buy it? Actually someone probably will. Panasonic made 320 NICOBO robots available on a website. They were all sold out in a single day. NICOBO has been available to buy online since May 16, 2023. 1. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A. Applications of robots. B. The newly-invented robots. C. Different kinds of robots. D. Things expected to do by robots. 2. Who is NICOBO suitable for? A. Unsocial people. B. Lazy housewives. C. Researchers in AI. D. Students studying art. 3. What can be known about NICOBO? A. It is a little costly. B. It looks like a child. C. It can clean the house. D. It can only be bought offline. 4. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Robots comfort people. B. NICOBO is promising. C. Online shopping is powerful. D. Humans like robots very much. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是松下公司新发明的一款名为NICOBO的机器人。 【1题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“There are now all kinds of robots that can do all kinds of things: robots that can clean your home, robots that can deliver your shopping, robots that can teach your children, and even robots that can play tennis with you.(现在有各种各样的机器人可以做各种各样的事情：可以打扫房间的机器人，可以送货的机器人，可以教你的孩子的机器人，甚至可以和你一起打网球的机器人。)”可知，第一段主要讲的是不同种类的机器人。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“It is invented to become a companion for lonely people.(它的发明是为了成为孤独的人的伴侣。)”可推知，NICOBO适合不爱社交的人。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“However, NICOBO isn’t cheap. The robot itself costs around $460. And there’s also a monthly fee for $8 for software updates.(然而，NICOBO并不便宜。机器人本身的价格约为460美元。此外，软件更新还需要每月支付8美元的费用。)”可知，NICOBO有点贵。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Panasonic made 320 NICOBO robots available on a website. They were all sold out in a single day.(松下在一个网站上发布了320台NICOBO机器人。一天之内就卖光了。)”和最后一段“NICOBO has been available to buy online since May 16, 2023.(NICOBO自2023年5月16日起可在网上购买。)”可推知，NICOBO有很大的市场潜力，是很有前途的。故选B。 B When John graduated from high school, he got a job delivering pizzas. But soon he realized that it wasn’t what he wanted to do for the rest of his life. So he took a night class at a local tech school to see if welding (焊接), which joins two metals together with heat, was a skill that “was going to stick”. It did. John wanted to learn everything about welding and decided he’d make welding his career. But one night class wouldn’t be enough. John went to Hobart Welding School in Ohio for real, technical training. Besides welding courses, John also took classes in subjects like metallurgy — the study of metal — and reading blueprints. He became more certain that he would stick to the job. For the past 18 years, John has been a welder. He now works for the EEW Group. The company has a big project to carry out. It’s in the process of opening a factory that will produce monopiles for offshore wind turbines (涡轮机). Wind turbines produce eco-friendly electricity. A typical day for John includes a number of tasks and skills. One minute, he’s driving a forklift. The next, he’s reading blueprints, or cutting materials. “There are a lot to deal with,” he told Time for Kids. “It’s not just welding.” John’s favorite part of being a welder is “making an honest living”. He also takes pride in helping the environment. “I’m glad to stick to what I really want to do,” he says. “I am working for a company that is helping the country to go green, and it’s satisfying to be a part of the process.” 5. What did John use to be? A. A deliveryman. B. A welder. C. A driver. D. A cook. 6. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A. What John decided to do. B. How John improved himself. C. When John learned welding. D. Why John accepted training. 7. What is John’s daily life like? A. Easy and satisfying. B. Tiring but educational. C. Busy but meaningful. D. Interesting and relaxing. 8. Which can describe John’s experience？ A. Pride goes before a fall. B. One is never too young to learn. C. Action speaks louder than words. D. One should set goals and work for it. 【答案】5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了约翰（John）从高中毕业后从事送披萨的工作，到发现自己对焊接感兴趣并决定将其作为职业，再到他通过不断学习和提升技能，最终成为一名焊工并在EEW集团工作的经历。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“When John graduated from high school, he got a job delivering pizzas.(约翰高中毕业后，找到了一份送披萨的工作。)”可知，John过去是送货员，故选A。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“It did. John wanted to learn everything about welding and decided he’d make welding his career. But one night class wouldn’t be enough. John went to Hobart Welding School in Ohio for real, technical training. Besides welding courses, John also took classes in subjects like metallurgy — the study of metal — and reading blueprints. He became more certain that he would stick to the job.(结果证明，焊接确实是他愿意坚持的技能。约翰想要学习焊接的所有知识，并决定将焊接作为自己的职业。但仅仅一门夜校课程是不够的。约翰去了俄亥俄州的Hobart焊接学校接受真正的技术培训。除了焊接课程外，约翰还学习了金属学（研究金属的学科）和阅读蓝图等课程。他更加确信自己会坚持这份工作。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是John如何通过系统培训提升自身技能以实现职业目标。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“A typical day for John includes a number of tasks and skills. One minute, he’s driving a forklift. The next, he’s reading blueprints, or cutting materials.(约翰典型的一天包括许多任务和技能。一会儿他开着叉车，一会儿他又在阅读蓝图或切割材料。)”和最后一段“He also takes pride in helping the environment. “I’m glad to stick to what I really want to do,” he says. “I am working for a company that is helping the country to go green, and it’s satisfying to be a part of the process.”(他也为帮助环境而感到自豪。“我很高兴坚持我真正想做的事情，”他说。“我在一家帮助国家走向绿色的公司工作，能参与这一过程让我感到满意。”)”可知，John的一天非常忙碌，需要处理多项任务和技能，但同时，他也为能帮助环保和从事自己喜欢的工作而感到满足，因此他的生活虽然忙碌但有意义。故选C。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，John从第一段决定学焊接、第二段接受培训并坚定目标、第三至五段坚持职业并实现满足，体现了他设定目标并努力实现的过程。故选D。 C Children whose minds wander (走神) might have sharper brains, a research suggests. A study has found that people who let their minds wander easily have more “working memory”, giving them the ability to hold a lot of information in their heads and control it cleverly. Children at school need this type of memory on a daily basis for different kinds of tasks, such as following teachers’ instructions or remembering dictated sentences. During the study, volunteers were asked to perform one simple task during which researchers kept asking if their minds were wandering. In the end, volunteers tested their ability to remember a series of letters mixed with simple maths questions. Daniel Levinson, a professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the United States, said that those with higher working memory capacity (储存容量) reported “more mind wandering during these simple tasks”, but their performance did not deteriorate. The results, published online in the journal Psychological Science, seem to make sure that the former research found working memory allows humans to deal with many thoughts at the same time. Another researcher said, “This study seems to suggest that when the tasks aren’t very difficult, people with additional working memory capacity use them effectively to think about other things besides what they’re doing.” Working memory capacity is also connected with general measures (标准) of intelligence, such as reading comprehension and IQ scores. The results suggest the sorts of planning that people do quite often in daily life — when they are on the bus, when they are cycling to work, when they are in the shower — are probably supported by working memory. 9. What did the researchers ask the volunteers to do during the study? A. Question each other. B. Put on a performance. C. Remember mixed numbers. D. Carry out one easy task. 10. What does the underlined word “deteriorate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Become worse. B. Go well. C. Start quickly. D. Lose control. 11. What can be known about working memory? A. It stops useless thoughts. B. It changes with time going on. C. It helps with more tasks at one time. D. It causes worse performance during work. 12. What’s the text mainly about? A. How the working memory works. B. Working memory can be improved. C. Wandering minds are not something bad. D. Why people’s minds wander while working. 【答案】9. D 10. A 11. C 12. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文旨在介绍一项研究结果：走神的孩子可能更聪明，走神可能与更敏锐的大脑和工作记忆容量相关，表明走神并非坏事，反而可能反映认知能力的优势。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“During the study, volunteers were asked to perform one simple task during which researchers kept asking if their minds were wandering.(在研究过程中，志愿者被要求执行一项简单的任务，在此过程中，研究人员不断询问他们是否在走神。)”可知，在研究期间志愿者被要求执行一项简单任务。故选D。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。划线词所在句“those with higher working memory capacity (储存容量) reported “more mind wandering during these simple tasks”, but their performance did not deteriorate(那些工作记忆能力较强的人报告“在完成这些简单任务时更容易走神”，但他们的表现并没有deteriorate)”讲“工作记忆能力较强的人更容易走神”，结合句中“but their performance...”可推知，前后句意有转折关系，尽管他们容易走神，但表现不会差。结合选项，划线词deteriorate与become worse意思相近，意为“变差”。故选A。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The results, published online in the journal Psychological Science, seem to make sure that the former research found working memory allows humans to deal with many thoughts at the same time.(该研究结果在线发表在《心理科学》杂志上，似乎证实了之前的研究发现工作记忆可以让人类同时处理许多想法)”和“This study seems to suggest that when the tasks aren’t very difficult, people with additional working memory capacity use them effectively to think about other things besides what they’re doing.(这项研究似乎表明，当任务不是很困难时，拥有额外工作记忆容量的人会有效地利用它们来思考他们正在做的事情之外的其他事情。)”可知，工作记忆能让人同时做几件事情。故选C。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“Children whose minds wander (走神) might have sharper brains, a research suggests.(一项研究表明，走神的孩子大脑可能更敏锐。)”可知，本文主要介绍了走神的人可能有更聪明的头脑这一现象，因此主旨是C选项“Wandering minds are not something bad.(走神并不是坏事。)”。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you thinking about holidaying alone, but a bit concerned about the dangers? You needn’t worry if you consider these tips first. 1. Safety Unless you positively invite danger, for example, wandering around a dark park at 3 a.m. with headphones on, travelling alone isn’t actually that risky. ____13____ In the case of taking taxis, always keep a record of the plate number and ask for an estimated fare (车费) before setting off. You should also carry your ID card with you and always keep a back-up. And most importantly, ensure that someone else knows your route and keep in regular contact with them. 2. Plan Being alone means you can’t use your partner’s phone when yours runs out of power, or depend on others if you lose your wallet. ____14____ It’s a good idea to write down some key numbers of friends, hotels and emergency services beforehand, and keep some back-up money in your bag, just in case. 3. Eating Many single travelers have a fear of eating alone. ____15____ You can bring a book to avoid boredom, sit at counters to be less noticeable or use the opportunity to practice your foreign language on a waiter. 4. Making friends ____16____ This is another common concern when travelling alone. In fact, acquiring new companions is easier than feared. You can smile at people, have open body language, read something interesting to start conversation, or ask strangers a question. All these help you look approachable. More hands-on tips include visiting bars, joining tours or using apps designed to help people make friends. 5 Enjoy it Without having to consider others’ needs, the joy of solo travel is that you can be entirely selfish: walk at your preferred pace, eat what and when you want, and go wherever you like to see the sights that interest you. ____17____. A. What if no one likes me on my trip? B. Just enjoy your independence and freedom. C. The biggest danger is being taken for a ride. D. It’s actually not so hard to get over your fear. E. You needn’t tell anyone else if this really happens. F. However well you plan in advance, things will go wrong. G. So put emergency systems in place before starting your trip. 【答案】13. C 14. G 15. D 16. A 17. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了独自度假需注意的安全、计划、饮食、交友及享受旅行等方面的建议。 【13题详解】 由上文“Unless you positively invite danger, for example, wandering around a dark park at 3 a.m. with headphones on, travelling alone isn’t actually that risky. (除非你主动招来危险，比如凌晨3点戴着耳机在黑暗的公园里闲逛，否则独自旅行其实并没有那么危险。)”和下文“In the case of taking taxis, always keep a record of the plate number and ask for an estimated fare before setting off. (如果是乘坐出租车，出发前一定要记下车牌号，并询问预计车费。)”可知，本空应进一步说明独自旅行可能存在的危险，所以C项“The biggest danger is being taken for a ride. (最大的危险是上当受骗。)”能承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 【14题详解】 由上文“Being alone means you can’t use your partner’s phone when yours runs out of power, or depend on others if you lose your wallet. (独自一人意味着当你的手机没电时，你不能使用同伴的手机，或者当你丢了钱包时，你不能依赖别人。)”和下文“It’s a good idea to write down some key numbers of friends, hotels and emergency services beforehand, and keep some back-up money in your bag, just in case. (事先写下一些朋友、酒店和紧急服务机构的关键号码，并在包里存一些备用金，以防万一，这是个好主意。)”可知，本空应说明在独自旅行前应做好应急准备，所以G项“So put emergency systems in place before starting your trip. (所以在开始旅行之前，要做好应急准备)”能承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 【15题详解】 由上文“Many single travelers have a fear of eating alone.(许多独自旅行的人都害怕一个人吃饭。)”和下文“You can bring a book to avoid boredom, sit at counters to be less noticeable or use the opportunity to practice your foreign language on a waiter. (你可以带本书来避免无聊，坐在柜台前不那么引人注目，或者利用这个机会向服务员练习外语。)”可知，本空应说明克服独自吃饭的恐惧并不难，所以D项“It’s actually not so hard to get over your fear. (克服恐惧其实并不难。)”能承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 【16题详解】 由下文“This is another common concern when travelling alone. In fact, acquiring new companions is easier than feared. You can smile at people, have open body language, read something interesting to start conversation, or ask strangers a question. All these help you look approachable. (这是独自旅行时的另一个常见担忧。事实上，结识新朋友比想象中要容易。你可以对人微笑，有开放的肢体语言，读一些有趣的东西来开始对话，或者问陌生人一个问题。所有这些都能让你看起来平易近人。)”可知，本空应提出一个关于独自旅行时结识新朋友的担忧，所以A项“What if no one likes me on my trip? (如果旅行中没有人喜欢我怎么办？)”能引出下文，符合语境，故选A。 【17题详解】 由上文“Without having to consider others’ needs, the joy of solo travel is that you can be entirely selfish: walk at your preferred pace, eat what and when you want, and go wherever you like to see the sights that interest you. (不需要考虑别人的需求，独自旅行的乐趣在于你可以完全按照自己的意愿行事：以你喜欢的速度行走，想吃就吃，想什么时候吃就什么时候吃，去任何你喜欢的地方看你感兴趣的风景。)”可知，本空应总结独自旅行的自由和快乐，所以B项“Just enjoy your independence and freedom. (尽情享受你的独立和自由吧。)”能承接上文，符合语境，故选B。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分37.5分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last Sunday, I took my mom out for lunch at a local club. When we ___18___, a man in a wheelchair waved at her and said hello — I guessed it was because she was also in a ___19___. At the table next to us, a family was having ___20___. The little boy was smiling away and when I caught his eye, his ___21___ smile got even brighter. I ___22___ him out to mom and he smiled at her and even gave her a little wave now and then during the ___23___. That made her really happy, which I can ___24___ from her face. I had a few conversations with the boy’s father, who was a university teacher. After lunch, I took mom to the supermarket to ___25___ some daily necessities. There was a young family with a couple of kids there. The father saw my mom in her wheelchair and attached (靠近) the shopping cart. He looked ___26___ with a friendly smile and said, “Hello, madam.” My mom never thought of talking to a ____27____ in such a situation. She said nothing, ____28____ she smiled back and gave the man a little ____29____ just as the little boy did in the club. I was surprised to meet so many ____30____ people in half a day. Mom used to be at home for most of her time. However, she now ____31____ her mind to people around her. So, thanks to all of them and never think a small friendly gesture may be ____32____ or go unnoticed. 18 A. left B. arrived C. discovered D. discussed 19. A. club B. supermarket C. wheelchair D. restaurant 20. A. meetings B. lunch C. discussions D. exercise 21. A. brave B. pitiful C. embarrassing D. beautiful 22. A. pointed B. invited C. picked D. pushed 23. A. class B. meal C. date D. stay 24. A. tell B. get C. come D. recall 25. A. produce B. count C. notice D. buy 26. A. up B. out C. down D. back 27. A. friend B. relative C. stranger D. neighbor 28. A. so B. but C. unless D. because 29. A. nod B. wave C. help D. support 30. A. friendly B. creative C. anxious D. disappointing 31. A. opens B. changes C. throws D. offers 32. A. developed B. protected C. wasted D. required 【答案】18. B 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍作者带坐轮椅的妈妈外出时，遇到许多友善的人，让妈妈逐渐敞开心扉的经历。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达时，一个坐轮椅男人向她挥手问好——我猜是因为她也坐在轮椅上。A. left离开；B. arrived到达；C. discovered发现；D. discussed讨论。根据上文“Last Sunday, I took my mom out for lunch at a local club.”可知，作者带母亲外出吃午餐，所以此处指“到达”俱乐部时的情景。故选B项。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达时，一个坐轮椅的男人向她挥手问好——我猜是因为她也坐在轮椅上。A. club俱乐部；B. supermarket超市；C. wheelchair轮椅；D. restaurant餐厅。根据上文的“a man in a wheelchair waved at her and said hello”以及下文的also可推知，男人向妈妈挥手是因为她也坐在“轮椅”上。故选C项。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们旁边的桌子上，一家人正在吃午饭。A. meetings会议；B. lunch午饭；C. discussions讨论；D. exercise锻炼。根据上文“Last Sunday, I took my mom out for lunch at a local club.”可知，这家人在吃“午饭”。故选B项。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小男孩笑得很灿烂，当我和他目光相遇时，他灿烂的笑容变得更加明亮。A. brave勇敢的；B. pitiful可怜的；C. embarrassing尴尬的；D. beautiful美好的。根据下文的“smile got even brighter.”可知，男孩的笑容很“美好”。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把他指给妈妈看，他对她微笑，甚至在吃饭的时候不时地向她挥挥手。A. pointed指；B. invited邀请；C. picked挑选；D. pushed推。根据下文的“and he smiled at her and even gave her a little wave now and then”可知，接下来小男孩不时地挥手，由此可推断，此处指的是作者把男孩“指”给妈妈看。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把他指给妈妈看，他对她微笑，甚至在吃饭的时候不时地向她挥挥手。A. class班级；B. meal一顿饭；C. date约会；D. stay停留。根据语境和上文的“At the table next to us, a family was having ___3___ .”可知，在作者桌子附近有一家人正在吃午饭，由此可推断，这是在吃午饭的过程中，故指在“一顿饭”期间。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那让她非常开心，我从她的脸上就能看出来。A. tell看出，辨别；B. get得到；C. come来；D. recall回忆。根据上文的“That made her really happy”以及下文的“from her face”可知，作者能从妈妈的脸上“看出”她的开心。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：午饭后，我带妈妈去超市买一些日常用品。A. produce生产；B. count数数；C. notice注意；D. buy买。根据常识和上文的“the supermarket”以及下文 的“daily necessities”可知，去超市是为了“买”日用品。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他面带友好的微笑，低头看着她说：“你好，夫人。”A. up向上；B. out向外；C. down向下；D. back向后。根据语境和上文的“I guessed it was because she was also in a ___2___ .”可知，母亲坐在轮椅上，所以应是低头“向下”看着妈妈说话。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，我妈妈从未想过要和陌生人说话。A. friend朋友；B. relative亲戚；C. stranger陌生人；D. neighbor邻居。根据语境和上文“The father saw my mom in her wheelchair and attached (靠近) the shopping cart.”可知，在超市里遇到的这位父亲对作者妈妈来说是“陌生人”符合语境。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：她什么也没说，但只是像那个小男孩在俱乐部里做的那样，回以微笑并朝那个男人轻轻挥了挥手。A. so所以；B. but但是；C. unless除非；D. because因为。根据上文的“She said nothing”和下文的“she smiled back”之间为转折关系，用but连接。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她什么也没说，但只是像那个小男孩在俱乐部里做的那样，回以微笑并朝那个男人轻轻挥了挥手。A. nod点头；B. wave挥手；C. help帮助；D. support支持。根据上文的“and even gave her a little wave now and then during the __6___”以及下文的“just as the little boy did in the club”可知，妈妈像男孩一样“挥手”符合语境。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：半天之内遇到这么多友好的人，我感到很惊讶。A. friendly友好的；B. creative有创造力的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据上文“He looked ___9___ with a friendly smile and said, “Hello, madam.””可知，陌生人对妈妈微笑、打招呼可知，这些人很“友好”符合语境。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她现在向周围的人敞开心扉。A. opens打开；B. changes改变；C. throws扔；D. offers提供。根据上文的“My mom never thought of talking to a ___10___ in such a situation.”可知，在这种情况下，母亲从未想过与陌生人说话，结合下文的“thanks to all of them”可知，妈妈在他人的友好对待下，开始“打开”心扉。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，感谢他们所有人，永远不要认为一个小小的友好举动可能会白费或无人察觉。A. developed发展；B. protected保护；C. wasted浪费，未充分利用；D. required需要。根据下文的“or go unnoticed”可知，此处与“go unnoticed”相呼应，所以此处指不要认为友好的举动是“浪费”的。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Despite the sticky weather, teams in the city of Dongguan, Guangdong Province, started to row the dragon-headed boats through the water as soon as the whistle sounded. The beat of drums could be heard in the air, with people ___33___ (cheer) around the lake. A total of seven teams took part in this particular dragon boat race, an event that celebrates China’s ___34___ (tradition) Dragon Boat Festival. “It is one of the main events of the year and the whole village is always excited,” said Wang Yingqiu, one of the paddlers (桨手), adding that the teams ___35___ (begin) training about a month ago. Zhang Kai, ___36___ is from east China’s Shandong Province, was one of the many tourists who traveled to Houjie Town ___37___ (watch) the race. “It is a ___38___ (celebrate) of strength and teamwork. The audience can feel the excitement like that of ___39___ car race,” Zhang said. The Dragon Boat Festival, which ___40___ (know) as the Duanwu Festival as well, falls ___41___ the fifth day of the fifth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. It ___42___ (have) a history of over 2000 years till now. The festival is in memory of the famous Chinese poet Qu Yuan. During the festival, Chinese people hold dragon boat races and make Zongzi to eat. 【答案】33. cheering 34. traditional 35. began 36. who 37. to watch 38. celebration 39. a 40. is known 41. on 42. has had 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是广东省东莞市举行的龙舟比赛以及龙舟比赛背后的文化和历史意义。 【33题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：空气中可以听到鼓声，人们在湖边欢呼。此处是with复合结构，people和cheer之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作宾语补足语，故填cheering。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：共有七支队伍参加了这次特别的龙舟比赛，这是庆祝中国传统端午节的活动。空格处用形容词traditional作定语，修饰Dragon Boat Festival，traditional意为“传统的”，故填traditional。 【35题详解】 考查时态。句意：“这是一年中最重要的赛事之一，全村的人都很兴奋，”划桨手之一王英秋说。他补充说，队员们大约一个月前就开始训练了。由a month ago可知，此处时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填began。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：来自中国东部山东省的张凯是众多前往厚街镇观看比赛的游客之一。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Zhang Kai是人，因此用关系代词who引导定语从句，故填who。 【37题详解】 考查不定式。句意：来自中国东部山东省的张凯是众多前往厚街镇观看比赛的游客之一。此处表示游客来厚街镇的目的是来观看比赛，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to watch。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：这是对力量和团队合作的庆祝。空前有a，空格处用名词的单数形式，celebrate的名词是celebration，意为“庆祝活动”，故填celebration。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：观众可以感受到像汽车比赛一样的兴奋。race是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，空格处用不定冠词，car是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 【40题详解】 考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：龙舟节，也被称为端午节，在中国农历五月初五。空处是定语从句的谓语动词，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，which指代先行词The Dragon Boat Festival，和know之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语which指代的先行词The Dragon Boat Festival是单数，be动词应用is，be known as意为“被称为”，故填is known。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：龙舟节，也被称为端午节，在中国农历五月初五。the fifth day of the fifth month是具体的一天，空格处用介词on，故填on。 【42题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它至今已有2000多年的历史。由till now可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语it是单数，助动词应用has，故填has had。 第三部分 写作（满分20分） 43. 假定你是李华。你校今年暑假将接待一个来自英国的中学研学团，现招募擅长英语并了解中华优秀传统文化的志愿者作为研学团的陪同人员，你意欲报名。请你按照要求，用英语给学校写一封邮件申请担任志愿者。内容包括： 1. 申请理由； 2. 你的优势。 注意：1. 写作词数应为100个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir/Madam, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Sir/Madam, I’m writing to apply for the volunteer position accompanying the British study group this summer. I believe I have both the ability and passion to contribute to this meaningful cultural exchange. As an English lover, I can communicate fluently and confidently with foreign students. Moreover, I’ve been learning Chinese calligraphy and traditional festivals for years, which gives me a deep understanding of our rich culture. I’m also patient, open-minded, and enjoy working with people from different backgrounds. I think that this experience will not only help others learn about China but also broaden my own horizons. I’d be truly grateful if given this opportunity. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给学校写一封邮件，申请担任接待英国中学研学团的志愿者，内容需包含申请理由和自身优势。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 陪伴：accompany→company 此外：moreover→what’s more 不同：different→diverse 机会：opportunity→chance 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I think that this experience will not only help others learn about China but also broaden my own horizons. 拓展句：I think that not only will this experience help others learn about China but also broaden my own horizons. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Moreover, I’ve been learning Chinese calligraphy and traditional festivals for years, which gives me a deep understanding of our rich culture.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I’d be truly grateful if given this opportunity. （运用了状语从句的省略） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 山东省济南中学2024年特色招生考试 英语试题 注意事项： 1.本试卷分数学部分和英语部分，共4页，考试时间150分钟，满分200分。 2.答卷前，考生务必将个人的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡规定位置，规范粘贴条形码，所有答案必须填涂在答题卡相应位置，否则无效。 英语部分 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分42.5分） 第一节（共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There are now all kinds of robots that can do all kinds of things: robots that can clean your home, robots that can deliver your shopping, robots that can teach your children, and even robots that can play tennis with you. However, a new robot from Panasonic can’t do any of these things. The new robot, called NICOBO, actually can’t do so much at all. NICOBO is a soft, “weak” robot. It is invented to become a companion for lonely people. So what can NICOBO do? Well, the robot can wag its tail if you pet it. It can turn around, nod up and down, and move its eyes to look at you. It speaks its own language, and can also learn some simple foreign languages and talk with its owner. The robot, which is about the size of a bowling ball, has a small child’s voice. The idea is that looking after a childlike robot that can’t even move by itself will make people feel less lonely. However, NICOBO isn’t cheap. The robot itself costs around $460. And there’s also a monthly fee for $8 for software updates. Will anyone buy it? Actually someone probably will. Panasonic made 320 NICOBO robots available on a website. They were all sold out in a single day. NICOBO has been available to buy online since May 16, 2023. 1. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A. Applications of robots. B. The newly-invented robots. C. Different kinds of robots. D. Things expected to do by robots. 2. Who is NICOBO suitable for? A. Unsocial people. B. Lazy housewives. C. Researchers in AI. D. Students studying art. 3. What can be known about NICOBO? A. It is a little costly. B. It looks like a child. C. It can clean the house. D. It can only be bought offline. 4. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Robots comfort people. B. NICOBO is promising. C. Online shopping is powerful. D. Humans like robots very much. B When John graduated from high school, he got a job delivering pizzas. But soon he realized that it wasn’t what he wanted to do for the rest of his life. So he took a night class at a local tech school to see if welding (焊接), which joins two metals together with heat, was a skill that “was going to stick”. It did. John wanted to learn everything about welding and decided he’d make welding his career. But one night class wouldn’t be enough. John went to Hobart Welding School in Ohio for real, technical training. Besides welding courses, John also took classes in subjects like metallurgy — the study of metal — and reading blueprints. He became more certain that he would stick to the job. For the past 18 years, John has been a welder. He now works for the EEW Group. The company has a big project to carry out. It’s in the process of opening a factory that will produce monopiles for offshore wind turbines (涡轮机). Wind turbines produce eco-friendly electricity. A typical day for John includes a number of tasks and skills. One minute, he’s driving a forklift. The next, he’s reading blueprints, or cutting materials. “There are a lot to deal with,” he told Time for Kids. “It’s not just welding.” John’s favorite part of being a welder is “making an honest living”. He also takes pride in helping the environment. “I’m glad to stick to what I really want to do,” he says. “I am working for a company that is helping the country to go green, and it’s satisfying to be a part of the process.” 5. What did John use to be? A. A deliveryman. B. A welder. C. A driver. D. A cook. 6. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A. What John decided to do. B. How John improved himself. C. When John learned welding. D. Why John accepted training. 7. What is John’s daily life like? A. Easy and satisfying. B. Tiring but educational. C. Busy but meaningful. D. Interesting and relaxing. 8 Which can describe John’s experience？ A. Pride goes before a fall. B. One is never too young to learn. C. Action speaks louder than words. D. One should set goals and work for it. C Children whose minds wander (走神) might have sharper brains, a research suggests. A study has found that people who let their minds wander easily have more “working memory”, giving them the ability to hold a lot of information in their heads and control it cleverly. Children at school need this type of memory on a daily basis for different kinds of tasks, such as following teachers’ instructions or remembering dictated sentences. During the study, volunteers were asked to perform one simple task during which researchers kept asking if their minds were wandering. In the end, volunteers tested their ability to remember a series of letters mixed with simple maths questions. Daniel Levinson, a professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the United States, said that those with higher working memory capacity (储存容量) reported “more mind wandering during these simple tasks”, but their performance did not deteriorate. The results, published online in the journal Psychological Science, seem to make sure that the former research found working memory allows humans to deal with many thoughts at the same time. Another researcher said, “This study seems to suggest that when the tasks aren’t very difficult, people with additional working memory capacity use them effectively to think about other things besides what they’re doing.” Working memory capacity is also connected with general measures (标准) of intelligence, such as reading comprehension and IQ scores. The results suggest the sorts of planning that people do quite often in daily life — when they are on the bus, when they are cycling to work, when they are in the shower — are probably supported by working memory. 9. What did the researchers ask the volunteers to do during the study? A. Question each other. B. Put on a performance. C. Remember mixed numbers. D. Carry out one easy task. 10. What does the underlined word “deteriorate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Become worse. B. Go well. C. Start quickly. D. Lose control. 11. What can be known about working memory? A. It stops useless thoughts. B. It changes with time going on. C. It helps with more tasks at one time. D. It causes worse performance during work. 12. What’s the text mainly about? A. How the working memory works. B. Working memory can be improved. C. Wandering minds are not something bad. D. Why people’s minds wander while working. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you thinking about holidaying alone, but a bit concerned about the dangers? You needn’t worry if you consider these tips first. 1. Safety Unless you positively invite danger, for example, wandering around a dark park at 3 a.m. with headphones on, travelling alone isn’t actually that risky. ____13____ In the case of taking taxis, always keep a record of the plate number and ask for an estimated fare (车费) before setting off. You should also carry your ID card with you and always keep a back-up. And most importantly, ensure that someone else knows your route and keep in regular contact with them. 2. Plan Being alone means you can’t use your partner’s phone when yours runs out of power, or depend on others if you lose your wallet. ____14____ It’s a good idea to write down some key numbers of friends, hotels and emergency services beforehand, and keep some back-up money in your bag, just in case. 3. Eating Many single travelers have a fear of eating alone. ____15____ You can bring a book to avoid boredom, sit at counters to be less noticeable or use the opportunity to practice your foreign language on a waiter. 4. Making friends ____16____ This is another common concern when travelling alone. In fact, acquiring new companions is easier than feared. You can smile at people, have open body language, read something interesting to start conversation, or ask strangers a question. All these help you look approachable. More hands-on tips include visiting bars, joining tours or using apps designed to help people make friends. 5 Enjoy it Without having to consider others’ needs, the joy of solo travel is that you can be entirely selfish: walk at your preferred pace, eat what and when you want, and go wherever you like to see the sights that interest you. ____17____. A What if no one likes me on my trip? B. Just enjoy your independence and freedom. C. The biggest danger is being taken for a ride. D. It’s actually not so hard to get over your fear. E. You needn’t tell anyone else if this really happens. F. However well you plan in advance, things will go wrong. G. So put emergency systems in place before starting your trip. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分37.5分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last Sunday, I took my mom out for lunch at a local club. When we ___18___, a man in a wheelchair waved at her and said hello — I guessed it was because she was also in a ___19___. At the table next to us, a family was having ___20___. The little boy was smiling away and when I caught his eye, his ___21___ smile got even brighter. I ___22___ him out to mom and he smiled at her and even gave her a little wave now and then during the ___23___. That made her really happy, which I can ___24___ from her face. I had a few conversations with the boy’s father, who was a university teacher. After lunch I took mom to the supermarket to ___25___ some daily necessities. There was a young family with a couple of kids there. The father saw my mom in her wheelchair and attached (靠近) the shopping cart. He looked ___26___ with a friendly smile and said, “Hello, madam.” My mom never thought of talking to a ____27____ in such a situation. She said nothing, ____28____ she smiled back and gave the man a little ____29____ just as the little boy did in the club. I was surprised to meet so many ____30____ people in half a day. Mom used to be at home for most of her time. However, she now ____31____ her mind to people around her. So, thanks to all of them and never think a small friendly gesture may be ____32____ or go unnoticed. 18. A. left B. arrived C. discovered D. discussed 19. A. club B. supermarket C. wheelchair D. restaurant 20. A. meetings B. lunch C. discussions D. exercise 21. A. brave B. pitiful C. embarrassing D. beautiful 22. A. pointed B. invited C. picked D. pushed 23. A. class B. meal C. date D. stay 24. A. tell B. get C. come D. recall 25. A. produce B. count C. notice D. buy 26. A. up B. out C. down D. back 27. A. friend B. relative C. stranger D. neighbor 28 A. so B. but C. unless D. because 29. A. nod B. wave C. help D. support 30. A. friendly B. creative C. anxious D. disappointing 31. A. opens B. changes C. throws D. offers 32. A. developed B. protected C. wasted D. required 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Despite the sticky weather, teams in the city of Dongguan, Guangdong Province, started to row the dragon-headed boats through the water as soon as the whistle sounded. The beat of drums could be heard in the air, with people ___33___ (cheer) around the lake. A total of seven teams took part in this particular dragon boat race, an event that celebrates China’s ___34___ (tradition) Dragon Boat Festival. “It is one of the main events of the year and the whole village is always excited,” said Wang Yingqiu, one of the paddlers (桨手), adding that the teams ___35___ (begin) training about a month ago. Zhang Kai, ___36___ is from east China’s Shandong Province, was one of the many tourists who traveled to Houjie Town ___37___ (watch) the race. “It is a ___38___ (celebrate) of strength and teamwork. The audience can feel the excitement like that of ___39___ car race,” Zhang said. The Dragon Boat Festival, which ___40___ (know) as the Duanwu Festival as well, falls ___41___ the fifth day of the fifth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. It ___42___ (have) a history of over 2000 years till now. The festival is in memory of the famous Chinese poet Qu Yuan. During the festival, Chinese people hold dragon boat races and make Zongzi to eat. 第三部分 写作（满分20分） 43. 假定你是李华。你校今年暑假将接待一个来自英国的中学研学团，现招募擅长英语并了解中华优秀传统文化的志愿者作为研学团的陪同人员，你意欲报名。请你按照要求，用英语给学校写一封邮件申请担任志愿者。内容包括： 1. 申请理由； 2. 你的优势。 注意：1. 写作词数应为100个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir/Madam, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$