专题8 动词40题（真题+模拟题）-河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》（2020年版）及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本清单共两部分：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。 本专题是河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第5个专题，内容为动词。 2026年河北省对口升学一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题8 动词（真题+模拟题） 【考点解读】 考点 内容解读 河北省近五年对口升学考试统计(题号) 2019年 2020年 2021年 2022年 2023年 2024年 2025年样卷 动词 动词和动词短语的辨析 (18) (29) (9)(22)(28) (11)(29) —— (16) (30) (12)(22) 从河北省近几年对口升学考试情况统计来看，对动词的考查主要集中在动词和动词短语的辨析上，题型主要是单选题，因此考生必须掌握各类动词和动词短语的基本用法。 【动词·高考真题分类通关】 【考点一：动词的分类】 1. （2022年河北省对口升学考试试题样卷）The music __ so exciting that we began to dance to it. A. looked B. sounded C. tasted D. smelled 【考点二：常见的近义动词和短语动词辨析】 2.（2025年河北省对口升学考试试题样卷）The firefighters are still trying to __ the fires. A.put out B. take out C. hand out D. give out 3. （2024年河北省对口升学考试试题）The report __ the way for us to overcome the challenges of the 21st century. A. gives out B. points out C. takes out D. hands out 4.（2024年河北省对口升学考试试题） They couldn't help __ into the air when they won’ the game. A. jump B. jumped C. to jump D. jumping 5.（2022年河北省对口升学考试试题）Mr. Smith seems to think it's unfair and I __ him. A. agree on B. agree that C. agree with D. agree to 6.（2022 年河北省对口升学考试试题）When some people had something new or expensive, instead of just enjoying it for themselves, they liked to __ . A. show off B. give off C. take off D. put off 7.（2021年河北省对口升学考试试题）The kid is __a blue coat. A. putting B. wears C. wearing D. dressing 8.（2020年河北省对口升学考试试题）Jenny __ an hour in cleaning the classroom. A. took B. cost C. paid D. spent 9.（2019年河北省对口升学考试试题）Today he will leave __ Beijing to visit his old friends. A. to B. in C. from D. for 【动词·全真模拟题分类通关】 【考点一：动词的分类】 10．_______ you crazy about ________ in the PE class? A．Do; running B．Do; runing C．Are; running D．Are; runing 11．The cake ________ good. I can’t wait to eat it. A．feels B．sounds C．tastes D．smells 12．The music so exciting that we began to dance to it. A．looked B．sounded C．tasted D．smelled 13．—The boy looks ________. —Yes. Today is his birthday. A．happy B．sad C．happily D．sadly 14．The global financial crisis has made many people ________ their money. A．to care for B．took care of C．be careful with D．to be cared about 15．He saw a film three days ago, ________ he? A．could B．couldn’t C．didn’t D．did 16．The manager had the report ________ by his assistant. but he still found some mistakes in it. A．write B．written C．writing D．to write 【考点二：常见的近义动词和短语动词辨析】 17. Lucy is __a lie, I think. A. telling B. speaking C. talking D. saying 18. __ , my little son is __ story books quietly. A. Look at; seeing B. Watch; reading C. Watch; looking D. Look; reading 19. It __ both rain and sunshine to create a rainbow. A. costs B. pays C. takes D. spends 20. We shouldn't __ the deaf boy. A. smile at B. laugh at C. smile to D. laugh to 21. The umbrella on the table __ the professor. A. belong to B. belongs C. belongs to D. are belonged to 22. I __ you a pleasant journey. A. wish B. hope C. want D. need 23. The book __ me fifty dollars. A. Spent B. cost C. took D. paid 24. His heart __ fast when he met her girl friend. A. beat B. hit C. jumped D. ran 25. You must __ your homework tomorrow. A. hand out B. take in C. take out D. hand in 26. He is determined to __ . A. gives smoking up B. give up smoking C. give smoking up D. gives up smoking 27. She __ her coat and went out of the room. A. put on B. was dressed in C. wore D. had on 28. Cheap coal __a lot of smoke. A. gives in B. gives away C. gives up D. gives off 29. They will __ Beijing at 3:00 this afternoon. A. get B. reach C. arrive D. achieve 30. She is concerned __ her son's life very much. A. about B. with C. by D. in 31. It is dark when they __ there. A. arrived in B. arrived at C. got D. reached 32. His mother always tells him __alone. A. to not go B. not to go C. not going D. going not 33. A young man is practicing __English with Kathy in the garden. A. to speak B. saying C. speaking D. to say 34. I enjoy __ books. A. looking B. to look C. reading D. to read 35. The boy was seen __ the window yesterday. A. break B. to break C. breaking D. broken 36. They look forward to __ their own house and car. A. own B. owns C. owning D. owned 短文填空 （填写动词的正确形式） Last weekend, my family and I_37_ (go) to the beach. The sun _38_ (shine) brightly,and we _39_ (cannot) resist jumping into the cool water.After swimming, we _40_(build) a huge sandcastle before packing up to go home. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》（2020年版）及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本清单共两部分：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。 本专题是河北省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第5个专题，内容为动词。 2026年河北省对口升学一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题8 动词（真题+模拟题） 【考点解读】 考点 内容解读 河北省近五年对口升学考试统计(题号) 2019年 2020年 2021年 2022年 2023年 2024年 2025年样卷 动词 动词和动词短语的辨析 (18) (29) (9)(22)(28) (11)(29) —— (16) (30) (12)(22) 从河北省近几年对口升学考试情况统计来看，对动词的考查主要集中在动词和动词短语的辨析上，题型主要是单选题，因此考生必须掌握各类动词和动词短语的基本用法。 【动词·高考真题分类通关】 【考点一：动词的分类】 1. （2022年河北省对口升学考试试题样卷）The music __ so exciting that we began to dance to it. A. looked B. sounded C. tasted D. smelled 【答案】B 【详解】题目考察了英语中感官动词的使用。 在英语中，感官动词包括" looked"（看起来）, " sounded"（听起来）, " smelled"（闻起来）和" tasted"（尝起来）。本句的意思是：音乐听起来如此的令人兴奋。因此，正确的选项是B。 【考点二：常见的近义动词和短语动词辨析】 2.（2025年河北省对口升学考试试题样卷）The firefighters are still trying to __ the fires. A. put out B. take out C. hand out D. give out 【答案】A 【详解】" put out fires"是灭火的固定搭配，故选A.put out. 3. （2024年河北省对口升学考试试题）The report __ the way for us to overcome the challenges of the 21st century. A. gives out B. points out C. takes out D. hands out 【答案】B. 【详解】 本题考查动词短语的辨析。题干意为“这份报告为我们克服21世纪的挑战__了道路”。关键在分析选项与“the way” （道路）的搭配： gives out表示“分发；发出（光、热等）”，与语境不符。 points out表示“指出；指明方向”，符合“报告指明克服挑战的道路”的逻辑。 takes out表示“取出；带出”，无法与“道路”合理搭配。 hands out表示“分发”，与A类似，不适用于此语境。 因此，正确答案为B. points out, 表示“报告为克服挑战指明了方向”。 4.（2024年河北省对口升学考试试题） They couldn't help __ into the air when they won’ the game. A. jump B. jumped C. to jump D. jumping 【答案】D 【详解】本题考查固定短语“couldn' t help doing sth.”的用法，意为“忍不住做某事”。其中，”help”在此结构中需接动名词（即动词-ing形式）。选项D (jumping) 符合这一语法规则，其余选项(A. jump原形, B. jumped过去式,C. to jump不定式)均不适用。因此正确答案为D. 5.（2022年河北省对口升学考试试题）Mr. Smith seems to think it's unfair and I __ him. A. agree on B. agree that C. agree with D. agree to 【答案】C 【详解】本题考查动词短语辨析。句义：“史密斯先生似乎认为这是不公平的，我同意他的观点。”“agree on (sth.)”意为“就⋯⋯达成一致意见”,“agree that+从句”意为“同意⋯⋯”,“agree with(sb.)”意为“赞同某人的观点，与⋯⋯意见一致”,“agree to(sth.)”意为“赞同某人的建议、计划、方案等”。 6.（2022 年河北省对口升学考试试题）When some people had something new or expensive, instead of just enjoying it for themselves, they liked to __ . A. show off B. give off C. take off D. put off 【答案】A 【详解】本题考查动词短语辨析。句义：“当一些人得到新的或贵重的东西时，他们不只是自己享用，而是喜欢炫耀。”show off意为“炫耀，展示”, give off意为“发出，放出”, take off意为“脱下、起飞”, put off意为“推迟、延迟”。 7.（2021年河北省对口升学考试试题）The kid is __a blue coat. A. putting B. wears C. wearing D. dressing 【答案】C 【详解】本题考查动词词义辨析。句义：“这个孩子穿着一件蓝色的大衣。”wear表状态，本句中有is，构成进行时态，意为“正穿着”。 8.（2020年河北省对口升学考试试题）Jenny __ an hour in cleaning the classroom. A. took B. cost C. paid D. spent 【答案】D 【详解】 本题考查动词词义辨析。句义：“詹妮花了一个小时打扫教室。”take一般用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式；cost的主语是物；pay的主语是人，常与 for连用；spend的主语是人，常用于“spend time/ money on sth./(in) doing sth.”结构。 9.（2019年河北省对口升学考试试题）Today he will leave __ Beijing to visit his old friends. A. to B. in C. from D. for 【答案】D 【详解】 本题考查动词和介词的搭配。句义：“今天他将要去北京拜访他的老朋友。”“leave for…”意为“动身前往……”。 【动词·全真模拟题分类通关】 【考点一：动词的分类】 10．_______ you crazy about ________ in the PE class? A．Do; running B．Do; runing C．Are; running D．Are; runing 【答案】C 【详解】考查一般疑问句和动名词形式。句意：你热衷于在体育课上跑步吗？分析句子结构及选项可知，句中含有短语“be crazy about”意为“迷恋，热衷于”，其中crazy是形容词，所以第一空用Are；第二空， about 是介词，其后接动词应用动名词词形，run：跑，动词，动名词形式是running，所以第二空用running。故选C。 11．The cake ________ good. I can’t wait to eat it. A．feels B．sounds C．tastes D．smells 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：蛋糕闻起来很香。我等不及要吃了。A. feels摸起来；B. sounds听起来；C. tastes尝起来；D. smells闻起来。根据“I can’t wait to eat it.”可知，因为蛋糕闻起来很香，我等不及要吃了。故选D。 12．The music so exciting that we began to dance to it. A．looked B．sounded C．tasted D．smelled 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：音乐听起来是如此激动人心，以至于我们开始跟着它跳舞。A. looked看上去；B.sounded听上去；C.tasted尝起来D. smelled闻起来。根据“music”和句意，可知音乐是听起来令人激动。故选B。 13．—The boy looks ________. —Yes. Today is his birthday. A．happy B．sad C．happily D．sadly 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词和副词。句意：—这个男孩看起来很开心。—是的，今天是他的生日。look为系动词，意为“看起来”，后接形容词做表语，根据“Today is his birthday.”可知，他生日应是很开心。故选A。 14．The global financial crisis has made many people ________ their money. A．to care for B．took care of C．be careful with D．to be cared about 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：全球金融危机使许多人谨慎理财。A. to care for照顾（不定式）；B. took care of照顾（过去式）；C. be careful with小心，谨慎；D. to be cared about被关心（不定式）。“make sb. do sth.” 是固定结构，表示“使某人做某事”，make后面接不带to的动词不定式。故选C。 15．He saw a film three days ago, ________ he? A．could B．couldn’t C．didn’t D．did 【答案】C 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：他三天前看了一场电影，是吗？此处是反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定形式，反意疑问部分要用否定形式，陈述部分是一般过去时，且谓语动词saw是实义动词，反意疑问部分需借助助动词didn’t。故选C。 16．The manager had the report ________ by his assistant. but he still found some mistakes in it. A．write B．written C．writing D．to write 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经理让他的助手写了这份报告。但他还是发现了一些错误。根据空后by his assistant可知，报告是助理写出来的，have sth. done表示“（主语）请/派别人完成某事”，即这份报告是经理让他的助理写的，应使用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选B。 【考点二：常见的近义动词和短语动词辨析】 17. Lucy is __a lie, I think. A. telling B. speaking C. talking D. saying 【答案】 A 【解析】tell a lie说谎。 18. __ , my little son is __ story books quietly. A. Look at; seeing B. Watch; reading C. Watch; looking D. Look; reading 【答案】 D 【解析】句意：“看，我的小儿子正在安静地读故事书。”look强调看的动作，不带宾语，read阅读。 19. It __ both rain and sunshine to create a rainbow. A. costs B. pays C. takes D. spends 【答案】C 【解析】表“花费”时, cost的主语是物, spend和pay的主语是人，take一般用it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式 20. We shouldn't __ the deaf boy. A. smile at B. laugh at C. smile to D. laugh to 【答案】B 【解析】laugh at嘲笑。 21. The umbrella on the table __ the professor. A. belong to B. belongs C. belongs to D. are belonged to 【答案】 C 【解析】belong to属于，主语为the umbrella,谓语动词用单数。 22. I __ you a pleasant journey. A. wish B. hope C. want D. need 【答案】A 【解析】句意“我祝愿你路途愉快。”wish sb.sth.祝福某人怎么样。 23. The book __ me fifty dollars. A. Spent B. cost C. took D. paid 【答案】 B 【解析】表“花费”时, spend和pay的主语是人，cost的主语是物，take一般用it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。 24. His heart __ fast when he met her girl friend. A. beat B. hit C. jumped D. ran 【答案】A 【解析】beat是指（心脏等的）跳动, hit是用手和器具击打, jump跳跃, run跑。 25. You must __ your homework tomorrow. A. hand out B. take in C. take out D. hand in 【答案】 D 【解析】句意：“明天你必须上交你的作业。”hand in上交。 26. He is determined to __ . A. gives smoking up B. give up smoking C. give smoking up D. gives up smoking 【答案】B 【解析】be determined to do决心做某事，give up doing放弃做某事。 27. She __ her coat and went out of the room. A. put on B. was dressed in C. wore D. had on 【答案】A 【解析】句意：“她穿上大衣，走出房间。”put on表示穿的动作; be dressed in, wear, have on都表示穿的状态。 28. Cheap coal __a lot of smoke. A. gives in B. gives away C. gives up D. gives off 【答案】 D 【解析】give in屈服, give away赠送, give up放弃, give off散发出。 29. They will __ Beijing at 3:00 this afternoon. A. get B. reach C. arrive D. achieve 【答案】 B 【解析】reach到达，可直接接地点名词。get, arrive后不能直接加地点名词。 30. She is concerned __ her son's life very much. A. about B. with C. by D. in 【答案】A 【解析】be concern about关心。 31. It is dark when they __ there. A. arrived in B. arrived at C. got D. reached 【答案】C 【解析】get, arrive是不及物动词，可以直接接there,不用介词; reach不能直接接地点副词there. 32. His mother always tells him __alone. A. to not go B. not to go C. not going D. going not 【答案】 B 【解析】tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事。 33. A young man is practicing __English with Kathy in the garden. A. to speak B. saying C. speaking D. to say 【答案】 C 【解析】practice doing练习做某事, speak English说英语。 34. I enjoy __ books. A. looking B. to look C. reading D. to read 【答案】C 【解析】enjoy doing喜欢做某事，表示看书用动词read. 35. The boy was seen __ the window yesterday. A. break B. to break C. breaking D. broken 【答案】B 【解析】sb. was seen to do某人被看见做某事。 36. They look forward to __ their own house and car. A. own B. owns C. owning D. owned 【答案】 C 【解析】look forward to doing期望做某事。 短文填空 （填写动词的正确形式） Last weekend, my family and I_37_ (go) to the beach. The sun _38_ (shine) brightly,and we _39_ (cannot) resist jumping into the cool water.After swimming, we _40_(build) a huge sandcastle before packing up to go home. 参考答案与解析： 37.【答案】 went 【解析】：时间状语 " Last weekend"（上周末）明确表示 过去时。动词需用过去式。go的过去式是 went. 38.【答案】 was shining 【解析】：根据上下文，此处描述 当时的持续状态（太阳正明媚地照耀着），且与后文 " we jumped into water"同时发生。 用 过去进行时 (was/were + V-ing)强调背景动作。主语 " the sun" 是单数，故用 was shining. 39.【答案】 could not / couldn' t 【解析】情态动词 can 表示“能”，其过去式为could. 否定形式为 could not (或缩写 couldn' t) .句意： “我们忍不住跳进水里”，表达 过去的能力/意愿。 40.【答案】 built 【解析】时间逻辑发生在" After swimming" （游泳后），仍是 过去动作。词 build 的过去式是 built. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$