专题10 被动语态两大要点归纳(讲义)-四川省2026年对口招生一轮复习《英语知识点清单》(原卷版+解析版)

2025-06-23
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学段 中职
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 -
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 词法知识,句法知识
使用场景 中职复习-一轮复习
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 四川省
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 2.28 MB
发布时间 2025-06-23
更新时间 2025-06-23
作者 邹雨桦
品牌系列 上好课·一轮讲练测
审核时间 2025-06-23
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/52700626.html
价格 4.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

内容正文:

编写说明:四川省2026年对口招生一轮复习《英语知识点清单》,依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》(2020年版)及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分,系统总结归纳知识点,全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分:第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单,第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇的语言知识清单,第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。 本专题是四川省2026年对口招生一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第10个专题,内容为被动语态。 2026年四川省对口招生一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题10 被动语态(讲+练) 【考点解读】 从近几年对口升学考试统计来看,动词的时态及语态一直是考查的重点。在单项选择题中,时态常和语态结合在一起考查,书面表达的评分标准中对时态和语态的使用也有明确要求。预计在今后的对口升学考试的试题中,结合语境间的时态、语态、词汇类题目,及时态与语态辨析,不同时态与语态的不同表达,什么情况下遵循“主将从现”原则等仍是重点考查内容。 【思维导图】 【知识点清单一】被动语态形式 【要点精讲】 一、被动语态的定义 语态是动词的一种形式,用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。 英语中,动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,表示句子中的主语是动作的承受者,因此所有的被动语态中的动词都必须是及物动词,而不及物动词不能用于被动语态 二、被动语态的构成 时态 构成 主动语态例句 被动语态例句 一般现在时 am/is/are done We respect our teachers. 我们都很尊重我们的老师。 Our teachers are respected by us. 我们都很尊重我们的老师。 一般过去时 was/were done Lucy borrowed the bicycle yesterday. 昨天露西借走了自行车。 The bicycle was borrowed by Lucy yesterday. 昨天自行车被露西借走了。 现在进行时 am/is/are being done Workers are building two parks. 工人正在修建两个公园。 Two parks are being built by workers. 两个公园正在被工人修建。 过去进行时 was/were being done She was watering the flowers at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候她正在给这些花浇水。 The flowers were being watered by her at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候她正在给这些花浇水。 现在完成时 have/has been done The boss has poorly paid them. 老板给他们的工资很少。 They have been poorly paid by the boss. 老板给他们的工资很少。 过去完成时 had been done By the time the tornado ended, it had killed more than 700 people. 等龙卷风过后,700多人遇难了。 By the time the tornado ended, more than 700 people had been killed. 等龙卷风过后,700多人遇难了。 一般将来时 will/shall be done; is to be done; is going to be done They will put off the meeting till Friday. 会议将被推迟到星期五举行。 The meeting will be put off till Friday. 会议将被推迟到星期五举行。 过去将来时 would/should be done; was/were going to be done He said they would finish this project soon. 他说他们将很快完成这个项目。 He said this project would be finished soon. 他说这个项目将很快被完成。 注: ①情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+done。 例句:The books may be kept for two weeks. 这些书应该可以借两周。 ②谈到未曾想到的事故发生时或有in the end、 at last等状语时,可用get done表被动。常用的有get hurt(受伤)、 get lost(迷路)、 get killed(被杀害)、 get broken(弄坏)等。 例句:In the end, he got caught. 最后他被抓住了。 【即时训练】 1.The environmental issues in our city ________ seriously by the authorities, and local residents feel ________ to see visible improvements. A.are tackling; relieved B.are being tackled; relieving C.are being tackled; relieved D.are tackled; relieving 2.________ deeply, she picked up the letter, which ________ her long-lost brother. A.Sighed; was intended for B.Sighing; was intended for C.To sigh; intended for D.Having sighed; intended for 3.A large number of clients ________ attracted to genetic testing for children’s talents. A.has B.have C.has been D.have been 4.Up to now, large quantities of money ________ on the construction of the high-speed railway, which will help save travelers much time when completed. A.is being spent B.are being spent C.has been spent D.have been spent 5.—We planted lots of trees on Tree Planting Day. —That’s quite meaningful. If more trees ________, we’ll have a greener world. A.plant B.are planted C.will plant D.will be planted 6.My colleague, Sam, ___________ as manager of the engineering department to replace George last week. A.appointing B.to appoint C.appointed D.was appointed 7.Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement ________ so far by the two sides. A.has been reached B.was reached C.will reach D.reached 8.—Hey! Here is a message on my cellphone, telling me that I have won the prize of a weekend for two in Rome. —Be careful ! It’s a trick. Many a person _______ by such tricks. A.is being cheated B.were cheated C.has been cheated D.have been cheated 9.It is true that important advances ________ in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power. A.made B.have made C.has been made D.have been made 10.She is one of the girls in our class who ______ to compete in the coming sports meeting. A.have been chosen B.is chosen C.has been chosen D.are to be chosen 【知识点清单二】被动语态的用法 【要点精讲】 一、被动语态的几种特殊形式 情形 例句 感官行为动词或使役动词变被动,还原to (感官行为动词或使役动词在主动语态中与省略to的动词不定式连用,变被动语态时,还原to) 主动:We saw him cross the road. 我们看见他过马路。 被动:He was seen to cross the road. 有人看见他过马路。 双宾语结构句子 (双宾语结构的主动语态变被动语态,可以将直接宾语变被动,在间接宾语前加to或for,也可以将间接宾语变被动) 主动:She gave me a book. 她给了我一本书。 被动:I was given a book. 我被给了一本书。 动词短语变被动,保留介词和副词 主动:She looks after the children. 她照顾孩子们。 被动:The children are looked after by her. 孩子们被她照顾。 谓语动词say、 consider、 think、 report、 suggest、 hope、 know、 believe等变被动语态时,被动语态有两种形式: (1)谓语动词用被动语态,动词不定式作主语补足语; (2)it作形式主语的句子 主动:People say he is rich. 人们说他很富有。 被动:He is said to be rich. 据说他很富有。 主动:People say he is rich. 被动:It is said that he is rich. 据说他很富有。 二、无被动语态的情况 情形 例词 例句 一些不及物动词及短语 happen(发生)、 appear(出现)、 last(延长)、 cost(花费)、burst out(迸发)、 let(让,使)、 break out(爆发) The accident happened at three o'clock. 事故发生在三点钟。 A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain. 雨后天空中出现了一道彩虹。 一些及物动词及短语 fit(合身)、 have(有)、 hold(容纳)、 own(拥有)、 take place(发生)、 agree with(同意)、 arrive at/in(到达)、 succeed in(成功)、 suffer from(遭受)、 belong to(属于) This coat fits me perfectly. 这件外套我穿正合适。 They own a big house. 他们拥有一栋大房子。 系动词 taste(尝起来)、 feel(感到)、 look(看起来)、 sound(听起来)、 smell(闻起来) 主动句:The soup tastes delicious. 这汤尝起来很美味。 ❌ 错误被动:Delicious is tasted by the soup. 三、主动表被动的情况 情形 例词 例句 系动词 look、 smell、 taste、sound、 feel Your theory sounds quite reasonable. 你的理论听起来很合理。 need/want/require to be done need、 want、 require、deserve The window wants/requires repairing. 窗户需要(被)修补了。 性质形容词+动词不定式 difficult、 easy、 hard、 comfortable、 pleasant、 heavy、 dangerous Physics is hard to learn. 物理很难学。 The problem is easy to work out. 这个问题很容易解决。 常与否定词或副词well、 easily、 badly连用的动词 read、 write、 sell、 open、 close、 lock、 cook、 clean These newspapers sell well. 这些报纸卖得很好。 表起止、变化的动词 begin、 start、 end、 finish、 spread、 work out The meeting starts at 8:30 tomorrow morning. 会议明天早上8:30开始。 一些固定动词短语 be worth doing The book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得读。 【即时训练】 1.The hall, ______200 meters long and 100 meters wide, needs ______ to welcome the arrival of the new president. A.measured; to be decorated B.measured; to decorate C.measuring; decorating D.measuring; being decorated 2.Sheep have been so changed by breeding that their wild ancestors are hard ________. A.identifying B.being identified C.to identify D.to be identified 3.With a lot of difficult problems _______, the newly elected president is having a hard time. A.settling B.to settle C.settled D.having settled 4.His choice to return to his hometown ________ a turning point in his life, which led to great progress in his career. A.proved B.was proved C.has proved D.has been proved 5.Parents who have an addiction to their mobile phones ________ for their poorly behaved children, a recent research claims. A.are to blame B.are blaming C.are to be blamed D.blamed 6.In warm weather fruit and meat ________ long. A.don’t keep B.cannot be kept C.are not kept D.are not keeping 7.The special fabric of the jacket won’t __________ easily, which is __________ of materials designed for outdoor activities. A.be torn; critical B.tear; typical C.tear; practical D.be torn; classical 8.This X-ray machine doesn’t work, so it needs for further use. A.repaired B.repairing C.to repair D.repair 9.Great changes________in my hometown in the past few years. A.took place B.were take place C.have taken place D.have been taken place 10.Novels by authors such as Dickens and Austen are widely read, some of ________ works, however, are sometimes difficult ________. A.which, to comprehend B.whose, to comprehend C.which, to be comprehended D.whose, to be comprehended 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明:四川省2026年对口招生一轮复习《英语知识点清单》,依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》(2020年版)及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分,系统总结归纳知识点,全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分:第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单,第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇的语言知识清单,第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。 本专题是四川省2026年对口招生一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第10个专题,内容为被动语态。 2026年四川省对口招生一轮复习 英语语法知识清单 专题10 被动语态(讲+练) 【考点解读】 从近几年对口升学考试统计来看,动词的时态及语态一直是考查的重点。在单项选择题中,时态常和语态结合在一起考查,书面表达的评分标准中对时态和语态的使用也有明确要求。预计在今后的对口升学考试的试题中,结合语境间的时态、语态、词汇类题目,及时态与语态辨析,不同时态与语态的不同表达,什么情况下遵循“主将从现”原则等仍是重点考查内容。 【思维导图】 【知识点清单一】被动语态形式 【要点精讲】 一、被动语态的定义 语态是动词的一种形式,用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。 英语中,动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,表示句子中的主语是动作的承受者,因此所有的被动语态中的动词都必须是及物动词,而不及物动词不能用于被动语态 二、被动语态的构成 时态 构成 主动语态例句 被动语态例句 一般现在时 am/is/are done We respect our teachers. 我们都很尊重我们的老师。 Our teachers are respected by us. 我们都很尊重我们的老师。 一般过去时 was/were done Lucy borrowed the bicycle yesterday. 昨天露西借走了自行车。 The bicycle was borrowed by Lucy yesterday. 昨天自行车被露西借走了。 现在进行时 am/is/are being done Workers are building two parks. 工人正在修建两个公园。 Two parks are being built by workers. 两个公园正在被工人修建。 过去进行时 was/were being done She was watering the flowers at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候她正在给这些花浇水。 The flowers were being watered by her at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候她正在给这些花浇水。 现在完成时 have/has been done The boss has poorly paid them. 老板给他们的工资很少。 They have been poorly paid by the boss. 老板给他们的工资很少。 过去完成时 had been done By the time the tornado ended, it had killed more than 700 people. 等龙卷风过后,700多人遇难了。 By the time the tornado ended, more than 700 people had been killed. 等龙卷风过后,700多人遇难了。 一般将来时 will/shall be done; is to be done; is going to be done They will put off the meeting till Friday. 会议将被推迟到星期五举行。 The meeting will be put off till Friday. 会议将被推迟到星期五举行。 过去将来时 would/should be done; was/were going to be done He said they would finish this project soon. 他说他们将很快完成这个项目。 He said this project would be finished soon. 他说这个项目将很快被完成。 注: ①情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+done。 例句:The books may be kept for two weeks. 这些书应该可以借两周。 ②谈到未曾想到的事故发生时或有in the end、 at last等状语时,可用get done表被动。常用的有get hurt(受伤)、 get lost(迷路)、 get killed(被杀害)、 get broken(弄坏)等。 例句:In the end, he got caught. 最后他被抓住了。 【即时训练】 1.The environmental issues in our city ________ seriously by the authorities, and local residents feel ________ to see visible improvements. A.are tackling; relieved B.are being tackled; relieving C.are being tackled; relieved D.are tackled; relieving 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和非谓语。句意:我们城市的环境问题正受到当局的认真处理,当地居民看到明显的改善感到欣慰。分析句子可知,第一空考查谓语动词,The environmental issues与tackle为被动关系,再由语境可知,这里时态可用现在进行时表现在状态;第二空应填relieved,表“感到宽慰的”,在本句中作表语,修饰人,符合语境。故选C项。 2.________ deeply, she picked up the letter, which ________ her long-lost brother. A.Sighed; was intended for B.Sighing; was intended for C.To sigh; intended for D.Having sighed; intended for 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语和时态语态。句意:她深深地叹了口气,拿起了那封写给她失散多年哥哥的信。第一空主语she与sigh为主动关系,再由语境可知,应用现在分词sighing作伴随状语;第二空中,be intended for,表“为……而准备的”,为固定搭配,且这里时态应与前面保持一致用一般过去时,主语which,指代the letter,为第三人称单数形式,应用was。故选B项。 3.A large number of clients ________ attracted to genetic testing for children’s talents. A.has B.have C.has been D.have been 【答案】D 【详解】考查被动语态。句意:大量的客户被儿童天赋基因检测所吸引。因主语clients与谓语动词 attract之间为被动关系,使用被动语态,又因句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响,谓语动词使用现在完成时的被动语态,主语clients为复数,故选D项。 4.Up to now, large quantities of money ________ on the construction of the high-speed railway, which will help save travelers much time when completed. A.is being spent B.are being spent C.has been spent D.have been spent 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:到目前为止,大量资金已经花在高速铁路的建设上,这条铁路建成后将有助于节省旅客大量时间。此处在句中作谓语,使用复数现在完成时被动语态,既匹配主语large quantities的复数形式,又符合时间状语up to now表示动作从过去持续到现在并完成的结果。故选D。 5.—We planted lots of trees on Tree Planting Day. —That’s quite meaningful. If more trees ________, we’ll have a greener world. A.plant B.are planted C.will plant D.will be planted 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态语态。句意:——在植树节那天,我们种下了许多树木。——这意义重大。如果能种下更多的树木,我们将会拥有一个更加绿色的世界。从句主语与谓语构成被动关系,且条件状语从句中,主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来,所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 6.My colleague, Sam, ___________ as manager of the engineering department to replace George last week. A.appointing B.to appoint C.appointed D.was appointed 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意:我的同事山姆上周被任命为工程部经理来接替乔治。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“last week”可知,句子描述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。主语“My colleague, Sam”与谓语动词“appoint”之间是被动关系,即“山姆被任命”,所以要用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构为 “was/were + 过去分词”,Sam是第三人称单数”,故选 D。 7.Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement ________ so far by the two sides. A.has been reached B.was reached C.will reach D.reached 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:尽管之前进行了几轮会谈,但到目前为止双方还没有达成任何协议。reach (达成)是句中谓语动词,与主语agreement之间是被动关系,句中有时间状语so far,强调到目前为止的结果,应用现在完成时的被动语态,又因主语是单数名词,谓语用单数形式has been reached。故选A项。 8.—Hey! Here is a message on my cellphone, telling me that I have won the prize of a weekend for two in Rome. —Be careful ! It’s a trick. Many a person _______ by such tricks. A.is being cheated B.were cheated C.has been cheated D.have been cheated 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:——嘿!我的手机上有一条消息,告诉我我赢得了罗马双人周末游的奖励。——小心!这是个骗局,许多人被这样的骗局欺骗过。空处所在句强调“许多人已经被此类骗局欺骗过”,提醒对方要小心,故该句表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响,应用现在完成时;主语是“Many a person”,表示“许多人”,谓语动词应用单数形式。故选C。 9.It is true that important advances ________ in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power. A.made B.have made C.has been made D.have been made 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:由于计算机算力的提升,医学和环境科学确实已经取得了重要进展。根据空前It is true that important advances可知,It作形式主语,that引导主语从句,空处为从句谓语动词,句子强调“计算机算力提升”对现在的影响,应用现在完成时have/ has done,主语advances与谓语make之间为被动关系,需用现在完成时的被动语态,主语为复数,助动词用have,答案为have been made。故选D。 10.She is one of the girls in our class who ______ to compete in the coming sports meeting. A.have been chosen B.is chosen C.has been chosen D.are to be chosen 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态语态。句意:她是我们班中被选中参加即将举行的运动会的几名女生之一。定语从句中,谓语与先行词girls保持一致,构成被动关系,表示过去的动作对现在的影响用现在完成时的被动语态,故选A。 【知识点清单二】被动语态的用法 【要点精讲】 一、被动语态的几种特殊形式 情形 例句 感官行为动词或使役动词变被动,还原to (感官行为动词或使役动词在主动语态中与省略to的动词不定式连用,变被动语态时,还原to) 主动:We saw him cross the road. 我们看见他过马路。 被动:He was seen to cross the road. 有人看见他过马路。 双宾语结构句子 (双宾语结构的主动语态变被动语态,可以将直接宾语变被动,在间接宾语前加to或for,也可以将间接宾语变被动) 主动:She gave me a book. 她给了我一本书。 被动:I was given a book. 我被给了一本书。 动词短语变被动,保留介词和副词 主动:She looks after the children. 她照顾孩子们。 被动:The children are looked after by her. 孩子们被她照顾。 谓语动词say、 consider、 think、 report、 suggest、 hope、 know、 believe等变被动语态时,被动语态有两种形式: (1)谓语动词用被动语态,动词不定式作主语补足语; (2)it作形式主语的句子 主动:People say he is rich. 人们说他很富有。 被动:He is said to be rich. 据说他很富有。 主动:People say he is rich. 被动:It is said that he is rich. 据说他很富有。 二、无被动语态的情况 情形 例词 例句 一些不及物动词及短语 happen(发生)、 appear(出现)、 last(延长)、 cost(花费)、burst out(迸发)、 let(让,使)、 break out(爆发) The accident happened at three o'clock. 事故发生在三点钟。 A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain. 雨后天空中出现了一道彩虹。 一些及物动词及短语 fit(合身)、 have(有)、 hold(容纳)、 own(拥有)、 take place(发生)、 agree with(同意)、 arrive at/in(到达)、 succeed in(成功)、 suffer from(遭受)、 belong to(属于) This coat fits me perfectly. 这件外套我穿正合适。 They own a big house. 他们拥有一栋大房子。 系动词 taste(尝起来)、 feel(感到)、 look(看起来)、 sound(听起来)、 smell(闻起来) 主动句:The soup tastes delicious. 这汤尝起来很美味。 ❌ 错误被动:Delicious is tasted by the soup. 三、主动表被动的情况 情形 例词 例句 系动词 look、 smell、 taste、sound、 feel Your theory sounds quite reasonable. 你的理论听起来很合理。 need/want/require to be done need、 want、 require、deserve The window wants/requires repairing. 窗户需要(被)修补了。 性质形容词+动词不定式 difficult、 easy、 hard、 comfortable、 pleasant、 heavy、 dangerous Physics is hard to learn. 物理很难学。 The problem is easy to work out. 这个问题很容易解决。 常与否定词或副词well、 easily、 badly连用的动词 read、 write、 sell、 open、 close、 lock、 cook、 clean These newspapers sell well. 这些报纸卖得很好。 表起止、变化的动词 begin、 start、 end、 finish、 spread、 work out The meeting starts at 8:30 tomorrow morning. 会议明天早上8:30开始。 一些固定动词短语 be worth doing The book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得读。 【即时训练】 1.The hall, ______200 meters long and 100 meters wide, needs ______ to welcome the arrival of the new president. A.measured; to be decorated B.measured; to decorate C.measuring; decorating D.measuring; being decorated 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为迎接新总统的到来,长200米、宽100米的大厅正在进行装修。measure“量度为……”和hall之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作定语;need to do sth“需要做某事”,decorate和hall之间是被动关系,此处使用need to be done或need doing。故选C。 2.Sheep have been so changed by breeding that their wild ancestors are hard ________. A.identifying B.being identified C.to identify D.to be identified 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:绵羊已经被驯化得与它们的野生祖先大不相同了,以至于很难辨认出它们。此处为固定句型:主语+be+adj.+to do,表示“做某事是……的”,identify与逻辑主语their wild ancestors构成被动关系,使用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。故选C。 3.With a lot of difficult problems _______, the newly elected president is having a hard time. A.settling B.to settle C.settled D.having settled 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:由于有许多棘手的问题需要解决,新当选的总统要经历一段艰难的时期。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构,根据句意以及下文的“he newly elected president is having a hard time”可知,新当选的总统要经历一段艰难的时期,所以,此处应为不定式形式作宾补,表示将要发生的动作,由于solve的逻辑主语为句子主语the newly elected president,所以此处使用主动形式表示被动意义。故选B项。 4.His choice to return to his hometown ________ a turning point in his life, which led to great progress in his career. A.proved B.was proved C.has proved D.has been proved 【答案】A 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意:他选择回到家乡被证明是他人生的转折点,这使得他的事业取得了巨大的进步。“prove”作为连系动词,表示“证明是,结果是”,通常用主动形式表达被动意义。根据句意以及which引导的定语从句的谓语动词led可知,这里描述的是过去的一个事实,因此使用一般过去时。故选A项。 5.Parents who have an addiction to their mobile phones ________ for their poorly behaved children, a recent research claims. A.are to blame B.are blaming C.are to be blamed D.blamed 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定短语。句意:最近的一项研究称,孩子行为不端的罪魁祸首是沉迷于手机的父母。be to blame是固定短语,意为“应受责备”,主动形式表示被动含义。故选A。 6.In warm weather fruit and meat ________ long. A.don’t keep B.cannot be kept C.are not kept D.are not keeping 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:在温暖的天气里,水果和肉类不易长时间保存。本句陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时。keep意为“保持不坏”,为不及物动词,没有被动语态。故选A。 7.The special fabric of the jacket won’t __________ easily, which is __________ of materials designed for outdoor activities. A.be torn; critical B.tear; typical C.tear; practical D.be torn; classical 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意:夹克的特殊面料不容易撕裂,这是专为户外活动设计的材料的典型特点。A.be torn被撕破, critical关键的,批评的; B.tear撕破, typical典型的; C.tear撕破,practical实用的; D.be torn被撕破,classical古典的。根据“The special fabric of the jacket won’t”可知,空处表示夹克的特殊面料不容易撕裂用tear,主动表达被动;be typical of意为“是……的典型特征”,根据“of materials designed for outdoor activities.”可知,第二个空处表示为户外活动设计的材料的典型特点。故选B。 8.This X-ray machine doesn’t work, so it needs for further use. A.repaired B.repairing C.to repair D.repair 【答案】B 【详解】考查主表被用法。句意:这台X光机坏了,需要修理一下才能继续使用。分析句子可知,空前it指代This X-ray machine,和repair之间是被动关系,此处使用need doing sth.“需要被做某事”主动表被动,相当于need to be done。故选B项。 9.Great changes________in my hometown in the past few years. A.took place B.were take place C.have taken place D.have been taken place 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在完成时,与语态。句意:在过去的几年里,我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。take place表示“发生”,无被动语态;根据句子的时间状语“in the past few years”可知,需要用现在完成时。故选C。 10.Novels by authors such as Dickens and Austen are widely read, some of ________ works, however, are sometimes difficult ________. A.which, to comprehend B.whose, to comprehend C.which, to be comprehended D.whose, to be comprehended 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。句意:狄更斯和奥斯汀等作家的小说被广泛阅读,但其中一些作品有时很难理解。第一空处为“some of+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Dickens and Austen,先行词与works之间为所属关系,所以空处应用whose引导从句,“主语+be+形容词+to do”为固定句型,表示“……做某事是……的”,所以第二空应用动词不定式形式,且本句型中不定式使用主动形式表示被动意义。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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专题10 被动语态两大要点归纳(讲义)-四川省2026年对口招生一轮复习《英语知识点清单》(原卷版+解析版)
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专题10 被动语态两大要点归纳(讲义)-四川省2026年对口招生一轮复习《英语知识点清单》(原卷版+解析版)
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