精品解析：上海市金山区2024-2025学年六年级下学期期末考试英语试卷

2024学年第二学期期末学情诊断检测预备英语试卷 （考试时间90分钟，满分100分） 2025年6月 Part 1 Listening（第一部分 听力）21% Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension（听力理解） A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）:5% 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）6% Questions 6-8 are based on short dialogues. Questions 9-11 are based on a long dialogue. 6. A. Windy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy. 7. A. Use reusable shopping bags. B. Turn off the lights. C. Tell people to throw rubbish on the ground. 8. A. In 1898. B. In1889. C. In1998. 9. Why does the school hold this activity? A. To introduce some famous Chinese people now. B. To introduce some famous Chinese people in history. C. To introduce some famous English people in history. 10. What should students do in this activity? A. They should get some facts about the famous person from their teachers. B. They should give a speech about the famous person in class. C. They should introduce the famous person in the school hall. 11. Which one is in the correct order? ①Li Shizhen collected information about plants and medicine for 27 years. ②Li Shizhen decided to write a new book. ③Li Shizhen became a doctor and studied many old medicine books. ④Li Shizhen finished the book “Bencao Gangmu”. A. ③②①④ B. ①②④③ C. ③①②④ C. Listen to an introduction and complete the sentences.（听介绍，完成下列句子。每空格限填一词）：10% 12. As a student, Lucy’s ________ task starts with putting on her school ________ 13. After school, Lucy does her ________ ________. 14. Her family ________ is a weekend ________. 15. Last Saturday, they got ________ and packed their ________. 16. Her father told her not to ________ food and remember ________ people who feel hungry. Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar （第二部分 语音、词汇和语法）45% Ⅱ. Phonetics（语音）4% A. Write the word according to the phonetic symbols.（根据音标写出单词） 1. We have a __________ /'dʒenrəl/ idea of how to solve this math problem. 【答案】general 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们对如何解这道数学题有了一个大致的了解。根据音标可知，此处应为形容词作定语，修饰idea，general“大致的，总体的”。故填general。 2. Today’s temperature is __________ /'ævərɪdʒ/ for summer. 【答案】average 【解析】 【详解】句意：今天的温度是夏季的平均温度。根据音标提示可知，此处为单词average“平均的；平均水平”。故填average。 B. Choose the word that has different sound in the underlined part. 选出划线部分发音不同的单词 3. A. weather B. clothes C. think D. their 4. A. encourage B. get C. change D. huge 【答案】3. C 4. B 【解析】 【3题详解】 weather/ˈweðər/；clothes/kləʊðz/；think/θɪŋk/；their/ðeər/。C选项划线部分读音为[θ]与其他选项不同。故选C。 【4题详解】 encourage/ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/；get/ɡet/；change/tʃeɪndʒ/；huge/hjuːdʒ/。B选项划线部分读音为[ɡe]与其他选项不同。故选B。 Ⅲ. Choose the best answer.（选择最恰当的答案）：6% 5. It is reported that the global sea surface temperatures hit ________ new high last month. A. the B. an C. a D. / 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：据报道，上个月全球海洋表面温度再创新高。 考查冠词辨析。the特指；an一，泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；a一，泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。句中“new high”意为“新高”，为可数名词短语，需用不定冠词表泛指，且“new”以辅音音素开头，故用“a”。故选C。 6. ________ is necessary for us to follow the safety rules at school. A. This B. It C. That D. There 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们有必要遵守学校的安全规则。 考查it固定句型。This这个；It它，可以作形式主语；That那个；There那里。分析句子，该句是“It is+adj+for sb to do sth”固定句型，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语“to follow the safety rules”。故选B。 7. The school rule says, “You ________ not eat or drink in the library.” A. must B. can C. need D. may 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：学校规定：“你不能在图书馆里吃喝。” 考查动词辨析。must必须；can能；need需要；may可能。学校规则要求明确禁止，“must not”表示“禁止”，强调强制性规则。故选A。 8. There ________ a vegetable garden in my neighbourhood. A. have B. has C. are D. is 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：在我的街区有一个菜园。 考查there be句型。have有，动词原形；has有，第三人称单数形式；are是，用于复数主语；is是，用于单数主语。根据“There…a vegetable garden in my neighbourhood.”可知，此处是there be句型，be动词由后面的a vegetable garden是单数，应用is。故选D。 9. Please give me a chance and I’ll try ________ best to do the new job well. A. me B. mine C. myself D. my 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：请给我一个机会，我会尽我最大的努力把新工作做好。 考查代词辨析。me我，宾格；mine我的，名词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词。根据“try...best to do sth.”可知，此处是try one’s best to do sth，表示“尽某人最大的努力做某事”，需要用形容词性物主代词my。故选D。 10. A: —Why not go to see a movie this weekend? B: — ________. A. That’s a good idea. B. It’s very nice of you. C. Yes, please. D. With pleasure. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：A: ——这个周末为什么不去看电影呢？B: ——好主意。 考查情景交际。That’s a good idea.好主意；It’s very nice of you.你真好；Yes, please.是的，请；With pleasure.乐意效劳。根据“Why not go to see a movie this weekend?”可知，这是一个提建议的句子，需要对建议作出回应。That’s a good idea.“好主意”符合语境。故选A。 Ⅳ. Choose the best words or phrases and complete the passage. （选择恰当的单词或短语，完成短文）8% Do you know the Dragon Boat Festival? Dragon Boat Festival is a very important festival in China. It comes from the story of Qu Yuan. In order to ____11____ him, Chinese people throw rice dumplings into rivers. There ____12____ many kinds of rice dumplings in China, such as sweet rice dumplings with beans and salty rice dumplings with meat. I like salty ones ____13____ meat because I don’t like eating meat. Now rice dumplings become people’s favorite food in China. The main activity in the festival is the dragon boat race. In the beginning, people held dragon boat races to look ____14____ Qu Yuan’s body. Later this behavior ____15____ into a custom and now it becomes a boat race among some boat ____16____. Plenty of people on a bridge ____17____ see the wonderful scene every year. The winners are awarded (奖励) by wine and some gifts. People always think it is ____18____ to win the race. 11. A. remember B. remembered C. remembers 12. A. is B. am C. are 13. A. with B. without C. within 14. A. up B. for C. at 15. A. turn B. turned C. turns 16. A. team B. teams C. teamwork 17. A. can B. must C. need 18. A. luckily B. luck C. lucky 【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B 14. B 15. B 16. B 17. A 18. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的端午节。包括端午节的由来、传统食物和活动等。 【11题详解】 句意：为了纪念他，中国人把粽子扔进河里。 remember纪念，动词原形；remembered一般过去式；remembers三单。in order to do sth.“为了做某事”，固定短语，空格处应用动词原形。故选A。 【12题详解】 句意：中国有很多种粽子，比如豆子甜粽子和肉咸粽子。 is是，be动词三单形式；am是，用于第一人称单数I后面；are是，复数。此句是there be句型，由空格后的名词“many kinds”是复数，可知be动词用复数are。故选C。 【13题详解】 句意：我喜欢没有肉的咸粽子，因为我不喜欢吃肉。 with具有；without没有；within在内部。根据“because I don’t like eating meat”可知粽子里面没有肉。故选B。 【14题详解】 句意：起初，人们举行龙舟赛寻找屈原的尸体。 look up查阅，向上看；look for寻找；look at看。根据“In the beginning, people held dragon boat races to look…Qu Yuan’s body.”和常识可知，起初，人们举行龙舟赛寻找屈原的尸体。故选B。 【15题详解】 句意：后来，这种行为变成了一种习俗，现在它变成了一些船队之间的赛艇比赛。 turn动词原形；turned一般过去式；turns三单形式。根据“In the beginning, people held dragon…Later this behavior”可知是描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故选B。 【16题详解】 句意：后来，这种行为变成了一种习俗，现在它变成了一些船队之间的赛艇比赛。 team团队，组；teams队，组，复数；teamwork团队合作，配合。根据“now it becomes a boat race among some boat”可知是船队之间的比赛，由some可知team用复数形式，故选B。 【17题详解】 句意：每年都有很多人在桥上能够看到这美妙的景色。 can能够；must一定，必须；need需要。根据“Plenty of people on a bridge…see the wonderful scene every year.”可知此句表示能力，意为“能；会”。故选A。 【18题详解】 句意：人们总是认为赢得比赛是幸运的。 luckily幸运的是，幸好，副词；luck好运，运气，名词；lucky幸运的，形容词。分析句子可知，空格处作表语，应用形容词，其结构形式是“It is+adj. + to do sth.”，故选C。 Ⅴ. Complete the passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once.5% 选择适当的单词或词组填入空格，每词只能填一次。 A. invented B. taught C. success D. interested E. famous F. asked Thomas Edison was born in America in 1847. He was a ___19___ scientist and inventor. When he was young, he wasn’t good at reading in school. His mother ___20___ him how to read and do experiments at home. He was a boy full of imagination and very ___21___ in how things worked. He kept asking questions and working hard day and night. He ___22___ a lot of useful things to improve people’s life. In his lifetime, he had more than 1,000 inventions. One of the greatest inventions was the light bulb. Thomas Edison believed every failure was a step towards ___23___. It was said that he failed thousands of times before he made the first electric lamp. 【答案】19. E 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了托马斯・爱迪生从小对事物运作感兴趣，在母亲教导下努力探索，发明了许多改善人们生活的东西，他认为失败是通向成功的阶梯，一生拥有超过1000项发明，其中最伟大的发明之一是电灯泡。 【19题详解】 句意：托马斯·爱迪生1847年出生于美国。他是一位著名的科学家和发明家。根据语境及常识可知，爱迪生是著名的科学家和发明家，备选词famous“著名的”符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 句意：当他年轻时，他在学校不擅长阅读。他的母亲教他如何在家里阅读和做实验。此处表示母亲教他阅读和做实验，备选词taught“教”是teach的过去式，符合语境。故选B。 【21题详解】 句意：他是一个充满想象力的男孩，对事物的运作方式非常感兴趣。结合“full of imagination”及语境可知，他对事物的运作方式感兴趣，备选词interested“感兴趣的”符合语境，be interested in为固定搭配，意为“对……感兴趣”。故选D。 【22题详解】 句意：他发明了许多有用的东西来改善人们的生活。由“a lot of useful things”及“inventions”可知，此处表示发明了很多东西，备选词invented“发明”是invent的过去式，符合语境。故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：托马斯·爱迪生认为每次失败都是通向成功的一步。根据“every failure was a step towards”及常识可知，失败是通向成功的一步，备选词success“成功”符合语境。故选C。 Ⅵ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）：6% 24. It is a good habit to brush your ________ twice every day. (tooth) 【答案】teeth 【解析】 【详解】句意：每天刷两次牙是一个好习惯。tooth牙齿，是一个名词。根据常识可知，这里应用名词的复数形式。故填teeth。 25. The buses are often late on ________ days. (fog) 【答案】foggy 【解析】 【详解】句意：在有雾的日子里，公交车经常迟到。此处需要形容词修饰名词“days”，表示“有雾的日子”，fog的形容词形式是“foggy”。故填foggy。 26. The company is trying to ________ a warm atmosphere for all the workers. (creative) 【答案】create 【解析】 【详解】句意：公司正努力为全体员工营造一种温馨的氛围。try to do sth.“努力做某事”，是固定搭配，creative的动词形式为create“创造”。故填create。 27. My elder sister helped take ________ of sick people in a hospital during the winter holidays. (careful) 【答案】care 【解析】 【详解】句意：寒假期间，我姐姐在医院帮忙照顾生病的人。take care of“照顾”，是固定用法，所以填名词care。故填care。 28. There are a lot of tall ________ at the Bund in Shanghai. (build) 【答案】buildings 【解析】 【详解】句意：在上海的外滩有很多高楼大厦。根据“There are a lot of tall...”和所给单词可知，空格处应使用名词复数形式，bulid“建造”，动词，building“建筑物”，名词，复数为buildings。故填buildings。 29. At weekends, some small and ________ restaurants try to attract young people nearby. (expensive) 【答案】inexpensive 【解析】 【详解】句意：在周末，一些小型且没有那么昂贵餐厅试图吸引附近的年轻人。根据常识，年轻人通常预算有限，因此吸引他们的餐厅往往是价格较低的，expensive“昂贵的”，其反义词为inexpensive“便宜的”。故填inexpensive。 Ⅶ. Rewrite the sentences as required.（按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词）：16% 30. My little sister cried after she left her doll in the hotel yesterday. (改为否定句) My little sister ________ ________ after she left her doll in the hotel yesterday. 【答案】 ①. didn’t ②. cry 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的小妹妹昨天把洋娃娃落在旅馆里后哭了。原句时态为一般过去时，且含有实义动词“cried”，故变否定句应用助动词didn’t，后接动词原形，cried的原形为cry。故填didn’t；cry。 31. There are many museums in my hometown. (改为一般疑问句) ________ ________ many museums in your hometown? 【答案】 ①. Are ②. there 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的家乡有很多博物馆。此句为there be句型，改为一般疑问句时，将be动词are放置there前，句首首字母大写。故填Are；there。 32. Lisa wants to be a doctor to save people’s lives in the future. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ Lisa want to be a doctor in the future? 【答案】 ①. Why ②. does 【解析】 【详解】句意：丽莎想将来成为一名医生，去拯救人们的生命。划线部分to save people’s lives表示丽莎想成为医生的目的，即：她为什么想成为医生，所以用why“为什么”提问，句中时态为一般现在时，主语为Lisa，且含有实义动词want，所以借助助动词does，置于疑问词之后。故填Why；does。 33. I can use plastic bottles to make works of art. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ you use plastic bottles to do? 【答案】 ①. What ②. can 【解析】 【详解】句意：我可以用塑料瓶制作艺术品。根据划线部分可知，这里表示动作的内容，用what进行提问，首字母大写，原句有情态动词 ，在疑问句中，情态动词需提前到主语前。故填What；can。 34. Why not use cloth bags instead of plastic ones? (保持句意基本不变) ________ ________ using cloth bags instead of plastic ones? 【答案】 ①. How##What ②. about 【解析】 【详解】句意：为什么不用布袋代替塑料袋呢？此处表示提议，How/What about doing sth.“做某事怎么样”，是固定句式。故填How/What；about。 35. mix, don’t, them, with, waste foods, up (连词成句) ________________________________. 【答案】Don’t mix them up with waste foods 【解析】 【详解】根据所给词及标点可知，此句为祈使句的否定形式，结构为“Don’t+动词原形+其他”；mix them up with…“把它们和……混在一起”；waste foods“垃圾食物”。故填Don’t mix them up with waste foods“不要把它们和垃圾食物混在一起”。 36. people, the government, to take, encourages, public transport (连词成句) ________________________________________________________________. 【答案】The government encourages people to take public transport 【解析】 【详解】The government作主语；encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”；people“人们”；take public transport“乘坐公共交通工具”。故填The government encourages people to take public transport“政府鼓励人们乘坐公共交通工具”。 37. my family, it’s, to celebrate, fun, the Spring Festival, with (连词成句) ________________________________________________________________. 【答案】It’s fun to celebrate the Spring Festival with my family 【解析】 【详解】根据所给单词和标点符号可知，本句为肯定句。本句运用了it作形式主语，其结构为It’s+n.+to do sth，celebrate“庆祝”；the Spring Festival“春节”；with my family“和我的家人”。故填It’s fun to celebrate the Spring Festival with my family“和我的家人一起过春节很有趣”。 Part 3 Reading and Writing（第三部分 阅读和写话）34% Ⅷ. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共20分） A. Choose the best answer.（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）6% Understanding Minor Heat The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Minor Heat, the 11th solar term of the year, begins on July 6 this year and ends on July 21. It means the hottest days of the year are coming, but the peak heat hasn’t arrived yet. During Minor Heat, the weather changes a lot. Storms, thunder and Hail (冰雹) are common. Farmers work hard to protect crops from floods and droughts (旱灾). The high temperatures during Minor Heat help lotus flowers grow beautifully. They bloom (开花) from Minor Heat until the Double Ninth Festival. This season is when fireflies are most active. Zhu Shuzhen, a poet from the Song dynasty, caught this moment in her poem “Summer Fireflies” describing (描述) children joyfully playing with fireflies in the woods at night. What’s more, with the longest days and strongest sunlight, families often hang (挂) clothes in the sun to dry them completely (完全地) during Minor Heat. In short, Minor Heat brings lively natural events and activities for people. It’s a time to enjoy the beauty of nature. 38. What’s the meaning of the word “peak” in Paragraph One? A. 山顶 B. 峰值 C. 顶峰 D. 尖端 39. Which of the following is NOT a common weather event during Minor Heat? A. Storms. B. Hail. C. Drought. D. Snowfall. 40. What does the passage say about the lotus flowers during Minor Heat? A. They bloom beautifully. B. They have started to wither (枯萎). C. They are not in bloom. D. They are used for farming activities. 41. What could people do during Minor Heat according to the passage? A. Celebrating the Lunar New Year. B. Planting crops. C. Watching fireflies at night. D. Eating special food. 42. Which natural event is NOT mentioned in the passage during Minor Heat? A. The blooming of lotus flowers. B. The activity of fireflies. C. More storms, thunder and hail than usual. D. The growth of some birds. 43. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Describing the weather and natural events during Minor Heat. B. Sharing the farming activities during Minor Heat. C. Highlighting the cultural importance of Minor Heat. D. Introducing the Chinese solar calendar. 【答案】38. B 39. D 40. A 41. C 42. D 43. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统二十四节气中的“小暑”，包括其时间、天气特点、自然现象及相关人文活动。 【38题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“It means the hottest days of the year are coming”可知，一年中最热的日子即将到来，也就是最热的高峰期还没到来，所以划线部分的含义是“峰值 ”。故选B。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Storms, thunder and Hail (冰雹) are common. Farmers work hard to protect crops from floods and droughts (旱灾).”可知，未提及降雪。故选D。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The high temperatures during Minor Heat help lotus flowers grow beautifully. They bloom (开花) from Minor Heat…”可知，小暑期间荷花盛开。故选A。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“children joyfully playing with fireflies in the woods at night”可知，夜晚观赏萤火虫是小暑的活动之一。故选C。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Storms, thunder and Hail (冰雹) are common.”；“The high temperatures during Minor Heat help lotus flowers grow beautifully.”；“This season is when fireflies are most active”可知，未提及鸟类生长。故选D。 【43题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕小暑的天气特征（高温、风暴）和自然现象（荷花、萤火虫）展开，A项符合。故选A。 B. Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage.（选择最恰当的单词或词组，完成短文）7% Our Green Neighbourhood In our neighbourhood, everyone works together to protect the environment. We ___44___ ourselves “Green Heroes”! Here’s how we help our planet: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle We ___45___ rubbish into paper, plastic, and food waste. Every Saturday, children collect old bottles for recycling. Plant More Green Friends Last spring, we planted 50 trees and many flowers in the park. Now birds and small insects make ___46___ here, and bees buzz happily! Save Energy Families use energy-saving lights and turn off unused electronics. On ___47___ days, we dry clothes outdoors instead of using dryers. Eco-Friendly (对生态环境友好的)Transport Kids ride bikes or walk to school. Adults share cars or take buses to reduce ___48___ pollution. Help wildlife We build bird feeders and leave water for squirrels (松鼠) in summer. Never litter because animals could get ___49___! Join us! Small actions will make a ___50___. Let’s keep our neighbourhood clean, green, and full of life! 44. A. call B. see C. think D. look 45 A. throw B. put C. pick D. sort 46. A. houses B. homes C. food D. rooms 47. A. windy B. cloudy C. sunny D. rainy 48. A. land B. water C. air D. light 49. A. ill B. angry C. hot D. warm 50 A. decision B. difference C. difficulty D. discovery 【答案】44. A 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. C 49. A 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了绿色社区的具体情况。 【44题详解】 句意：我们称自己为“绿色英雄”！ call称呼；see看见；think认为；look看。根据“...ourselves ‘Green Heroes’!”可知，自称为“绿色英雄”。故选A。 【45题详解】 句意：我们将垃圾分类为纸、塑料和食物垃圾。 throw扔；put放；pick捡；sort分类。根据“Reduce, Reuse, Recycle”可知，垃圾需分类处理。故选D。 【46题详解】 句意：现在鸟儿和小昆虫在这里安家，蜜蜂欢快地嗡嗡叫。 houses房屋；homes家园；food食物；rooms房间。根据“Last spring, we planted 50 trees and many flowers in the park.”可知，植树是为了鸟儿有地方筑巢。故选B。 【47题详解】 句意：在晴朗的日子户外晾衣，而不是使用烘干机。 windy有风的；cloudy多云的；sunny晴朗的；rainy下雨的。根据“...we dry clothes outdoors instead of using dryers.”可知，晴天最适合自然晾晒衣物。故选C。 【48题详解】 句意：成人共享汽车以减少空气污染。 land土地；water水；air空气；light光。根据“Adults share cars or take buses to reduce...”可知，汽车尾气主要造成空气污染。故选C。 【49题详解】 句意：不要乱扔垃圾，因为动物可能生病！ ill生病的；angry愤怒的；hot炎热的；warm温暖的。根据“Never litter...”可知，乱扔垃圾会导致动物误食致病。故选A。 【50题详解】 句意：小行动会产生影响。 decision决定；difference改变；difficulty困难；discovery发现。根据“Small actions...”可知，此处强调行动带来的影响，make a difference表示“产生影响”。故选B。 C. Answer the following questions.（根据短文内容，回答问题）：7% Stephen Hawking was a well-known English scientist, teacher and writer. He used a wheelchair and a computer to talk after getting ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis肌萎缩侧索硬化), a disease he got in university. Although he met with so many difficulties, Stephen made important discoveries about the universe and its future. Born on 8 January 1942 in Oxford, England, Stephen was the eldest child of Frank Hawking and Isobel Walker. His parents, who were both Oxford graduates, moved away from London during World War II to keep him safe. Stephen had two sisters and a brother. His family was known for their special habits, like reading books in silence during meals. They also kept bees in their basement and made fireworks in their greenhouse. From a young age, Stephen loved science. Later, he studied at the University of Cambridge and became interested in black holes. When other scientists thought black holes were areas in space where nothing could escape (逃脱). Stephen discovered that a type of radiation (辐射), now called Hawking radiation, could escape from them. Stephen Hawking gets respect (尊重) from all over the world. His great work and charming personality (性格) encourages millions of people to take an interest in science! 51. What disease did Stephen Hawking get in university? __________________________________________________________________ 52. When and where was Stephen Hawking born? __________________________________________________________________ 53. What special habits did Stephen Hawking’s family have? __________________________________________________________________ 54. What did other scientists think about black holes? __________________________________________________________________ 55. What does “them” refer to in Paragraph Four? __________________________________________________________________ 56. What do you think of Stephen Hawking? Why? __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】51. ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis). 52. He was born on 8 January 1942 in Oxford, England. 53. Reading books silently during meals, keeping bees in the basement, and making fireworks in the greenhouse. 54. They thought black holes were areas where nothing could escape. 55 Black holes. 56. He was a great and inspiring scientist because he made groundbreaking discoveries despite his physical challenges. 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了英国著名科学家史蒂芬·霍金的生平。 【51题详解】 根据“He used a wheelchair and a computer to talk after getting ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis肌萎缩侧索硬化), a disease he got in university.”可知他在大学期间患上了肌萎缩侧索硬化。故填ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis). 【52题详解】 根据“Born on 8 January 1942 in Oxford, England”可知他于1942年1月8日出生在英格兰牛津。故填He was born on 8 January 1942 in Oxford, England. 【53题详解】 根据“His family was known for their special habits, like reading books in silence during meals. They also kept bees in their basement and made fireworks in their greenhouse”可知其家庭习惯包括：吃饭时安静读书、在地下室养蜂、在温室制作烟花。故填Reading books silently during meals, keeping bees in the basement, and making fireworks in the greenhouse. 【54题详解】 根据“When other scientists thought black holes were areas in space where nothing could escape (逃脱)”可知其他科学家认为黑洞是任何东西都无法逃脱的空间区域。故填They thought black holes were areas where nothing could escape. 【55题详解】 根据“When other scientists thought black holes were areas in space where nothing could escape (逃脱). Stephen discovered that a type of radiation (辐射), now called Hawking radiation, could escape from them. ”可知“them”指代前文提到的“black holes”。故填Black holes. 【56题详解】 开放性作答，言之合理即可。参考答案为He was a great and inspiring scientist because he made groundbreaking discoveries despite his physical challenges. Ⅸ. Writing 写话（14分） A. Translate the following sentences into English.（中译英）：6% 57. In winter, I ________ (可以玩雪) and enjoy ________ (堆雪人). 【答案】 ①. can play with snow ②. making snowmen##building snowmen 【解析】 【详解】句意：在冬天，我可以玩雪并享受堆雪人。第一空表示“可以玩雪”，应用情态动词can加动词原形play，短语为“play with snow”；第二空与enjoy连用，enjoy后接动名词形式，堆雪人是“make snowmen”或“build snowmen”。故填can play with snow；making/building snowmen。 58. 本周五将有一次去多伦路的外出郊游。 There ________ an outing to Duolun Road this Friday. 【答案】will be 【解析】 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，此处使用there be句型表示“有”；时间状语this Friday表明句子时态为一般将来时，there be句型的一般将来时结构为there will be。故填will be。 59. 在春天去徒步旅行和享受阳光是很好的。(It’s nice...) ________________________________ 【答案】It’s nice to go hiking and enjoy the sunshine in spring. 【解析】 【详解】It’s nice to do sth.“做某事是很好的”；go hiking“徒步旅行”；and“和”；enjoy the sunshine“享受阳光”；in spring“在春天”。故填It’s nice to go hiking and enjoy the sunshine in spring. B. Write a diary in at least 50 words according to the situation.（根据所给的情景，写一篇不少于50个词的日记）8% 60. 假设今天是3月29日，天气晴朗，你参加了“Earth Hour”（地球一小时）活动，在晚上8点30分至9点30分关闭不必要的照明和耗电产品一小时。在这一小时里、发生了什么事情？请用日记形式记录。 Suggested questions: 1. What did you do/say/see/hear/... during Earth Hour? 2. How did you feel? 3. Will you take part in Earth Hour next year? Why? Saturday, 29 March Sunny Dear diary, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Saturday, 29 March Sunny Dear diary, Today was Earth Hour! At 8:30 pm, my family turned off the lights and TV. We lit candles and sat together. I heard crickets outside and saw stars in the sky. Mom told stories, and Dad played the guitar. It was quiet and peaceful. I felt happy because we helped the Earth. Next year, I will join again. It’s fun and important! Good night! 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇日记； ② 时态：以一般过去时为主； ③ 提示：完整回应了题干三个问题（活动内容/感受/未来计划），可适当发挥。 [写作步骤] 第一步，描述关灯期间的活动； 第二步，表达环保意义和个人情感体验； 第三步，结尾表明持续参与的决心。 [亮点词汇] ① turn off 关闭 ② lit candles 点燃蜡烛 ③ peaceful 宁静的 [高分句型] I felt happy because we helped the Earth（原因状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024学年第二学期期末学情诊断检测预备英语试卷 （考试时间90分钟，满分100分） 2025年6月 Part 1 Listening（第一部分 听力）21% Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension（听力理解） A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）:5% 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）6% Questions 6-8 are based on short dialogues. Questions 9-11 are based on a long dialogue. 6. A. Windy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy. 7. A. Use reusable shopping bags. B. Turn off the lights. C. Tell people to throw rubbish on the ground. 8. A. In 1898. B. In1889. C. In1998. 9. Why does the school hold this activity? A. To introduce some famous Chinese people now. B. To introduce some famous Chinese people in history. C. To introduce some famous English people in history. 10. What should students do in this activity? A. They should get some facts about the famous person from their teachers. B. They should give a speech about the famous person in class. C. They should introduce the famous person in the school hall. 11. Which one is in the correct order? ①Li Shizhen collected information about plants and medicine for 27 years. ②Li Shizhen decided to write a new book. ③Li Shizhen became a doctor and studied many old medicine books. ④Li Shizhen finished the book “Bencao Gangmu”. A. ③②①④ B. ①②④③ C. ③①②④ C. Listen to an introduction and complete the sentences.（听介绍，完成下列句子。每空格限填一词）：10% 12. As a student, Lucy’s ________ task starts with putting on her school ________ 13. After school, Lucy does her ________ ________. 14. Her family ________ is a weekend ________. 15. Last Saturday, they got ________ and packed their ________. 16. Her father told her not to ________ food and remember ________ people who feel hungry. Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar （第二部分 语音、词汇和语法）45% Ⅱ. Phonetics（语音）4% A. Write the word according to the phonetic symbols.（根据音标写出单词） 1. We have a __________ /'dʒenrəl/ idea of how to solve this math problem. 2. Today’s temperature is __________ /'ævərɪdʒ/ for summer. B. Choose the word that has different sound in the underlined part. 选出划线部分发音不同的单词 3. A. weather B. clothes C. think D. their 4. A. encourage B. get C. change D. huge Ⅲ. Choose the best answer.（选择最恰当的答案）：6% 5. It is reported that the global sea surface temperatures hit ________ new high last month. A. the B. an C. a D. / 6. ________ is necessary for us to follow the safety rules at school. A. This B. It C. That D. There 7. The school rule says, “You ________ not eat or drink in the library.” A. must B. can C. need D. may 8. There ________ a vegetable garden in my neighbourhood. A. have B. has C. are D. is 9 Please give me a chance and I’ll try ________ best to do the new job well. A me B. mine C. myself D. my 10. A: —Why not go to see a movie this weekend? B: — ________. A. That’s a good idea. B. It’s very nice of you. C. Yes, please. D. With pleasure. Ⅳ. Choose the best words or phrases and complete the passage. （选择恰当的单词或短语，完成短文）8% Do you know the Dragon Boat Festival? Dragon Boat Festival is a very important festival in China. It comes from the story of Qu Yuan. In order to ____11____ him, Chinese people throw rice dumplings into rivers. There ____12____ many kinds of rice dumplings in China, such as sweet rice dumplings with beans and salty rice dumplings with meat. I like salty ones ____13____ meat because I don’t like eating meat. Now rice dumplings become people’s favorite food in China. The main activity in the festival is the dragon boat race. In the beginning, people held dragon boat races to look ____14____ Qu Yuan’s body. Later this behavior ____15____ into a custom and now it becomes a boat race among some boat ____16____. Plenty of people on a bridge ____17____ see the wonderful scene every year. The winners are awarded (奖励) by wine and some gifts. People always think it is ____18____ to win the race. 11. A. remember B. remembered C. remembers 12. A. is B. am C. are 13. A. with B. without C. within 14. A. up B. for C. at 15. A. turn B. turned C. turns 16. A. team B. teams C. teamwork 17. A. can B. must C. need 18. A. luckily B. luck C. lucky Ⅴ. Complete the passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once.5% 选择适当的单词或词组填入空格，每词只能填一次。 A. invented B. taught C. success D. interested E. famous F. asked Thomas Edison was born in America in 1847. He was a ___19___ scientist and inventor. When he was young, he wasn’t good at reading in school. His mother ___20___ him how to read and do experiments at home. He was a boy full of imagination and very ___21___ in how things worked. He kept asking questions and working hard day and night. He ___22___ a lot of useful things to improve people’s life. In his lifetime, he had more than 1,000 inventions. One of the greatest inventions was the light bulb. Thomas Edison believed every failure was a step towards ___23___. It was said that he failed thousands of times before he made the first electric lamp. Ⅵ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）：6% 24. It is a good habit to brush your ________ twice every day. (tooth) 25. The buses are often late on ________ days. (fog) 26. The company is trying to ________ a warm atmosphere for all the workers. (creative) 27. My elder sister helped take ________ of sick people in a hospital during the winter holidays. (careful) 28. There are a lot of tall ________ at the Bund in Shanghai. (build) 29. At weekends, some small and ________ restaurants try to attract young people nearby. (expensive) Ⅶ. Rewrite the sentences as required.（按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词）：16% 30. My little sister cried after she left her doll in the hotel yesterday. (改为否定句) My little sister ________ ________ after she left her doll in the hotel yesterday. 31. There are many museums in my hometown. (改为一般疑问句) ________ ________ many museums in your hometown? 32. Lisa wants to be a doctor to save people’s lives in the future. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ Lisa want to be a doctor in the future? 33. I can use plastic bottles to make works of art. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ you use plastic bottles to do? 34. Why not use cloth bags instead of plastic ones? (保持句意基本不变) ________ ________ using cloth bags instead of plastic ones? 35. mix, don’t, them, with, waste foods, up (连词成句) ________________________________. 36. people, the government, to take, encourages, public transport (连词成句) ________________________________________________________________. 37. my family, it’s, to celebrate, fun, the Spring Festival, with (连词成句) ________________________________________________________________. Part 3 Reading and Writing（第三部分 阅读和写话）34% Ⅷ. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共20分） A. Choose the best answer.（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）6% Understanding Minor Heat The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Minor Heat, the 11th solar term of the year, begins on July 6 this year and ends on July 21. It means the hottest days of the year are coming, but the peak heat hasn’t arrived yet. During Minor Heat, the weather changes a lot. Storms, thunder and Hail (冰雹) are common. Farmers work hard to protect crops from floods and droughts (旱灾). The high temperatures during Minor Heat help lotus flowers grow beautifully. They bloom (开花) from Minor Heat until the Double Ninth Festival. This season is when fireflies are most active. Zhu Shuzhen, a poet from the Song dynasty, caught this moment in her poem “Summer Fireflies” describing (描述) children joyfully playing with fireflies in the woods at night. What’s more, with the longest days and strongest sunlight, families often hang (挂) clothes in the sun to dry them completely (完全地) during Minor Heat. In short, Minor Heat brings lively natural events and activities for people. It’s a time to enjoy the beauty of nature. 38. What’s the meaning of the word “peak” in Paragraph One? A. 山顶 B. 峰值 C. 顶峰 D. 尖端 39. Which of the following is NOT a common weather event during Minor Heat? A. Storms. B. Hail. C. Drought. D. Snowfall. 40. What does the passage say about the lotus flowers during Minor Heat? A. They bloom beautifully. B. They have started to wither (枯萎). C. They are not in bloom. D. They are used for farming activities. 41. What could people do during Minor Heat according to the passage? A. Celebrating the Lunar New Year. B. Planting crops. C. Watching fireflies at night. D. Eating special food. 42. Which natural event is NOT mentioned in the passage during Minor Heat? A. The blooming of lotus flowers. B. The activity of fireflies. C. More storms, thunder and hail than usual. D. The growth of some birds. 43. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Describing the weather and natural events during Minor Heat. B. Sharing the farming activities during Minor Heat. C Highlighting the cultural importance of Minor Heat. D. Introducing the Chinese solar calendar. B. Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage.（选择最恰当的单词或词组，完成短文）7% Our Green Neighbourhood In our neighbourhood, everyone works together to protect the environment. We ___44___ ourselves “Green Heroes”! Here’s how we help our planet: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle We ___45___ rubbish into paper, plastic, and food waste. Every Saturday, children collect old bottles for recycling. Plant More Green Friends Last spring, we planted 50 trees and many flowers in the park. Now birds and small insects make ___46___ here, and bees buzz happily! Save Energy Families use energy-saving lights and turn off unused electronics. On ___47___ days, we dry clothes outdoors instead of using dryers. Eco-Friendly (对生态环境友好的)Transport Kids ride bikes or walk to school. Adults share cars or take buses to reduce ___48___ pollution. Help wildlife We build bird feeders and leave water for squirrels (松鼠) in summer. Never litter because animals could get ___49___! Join us! Small actions will make a ___50___. Let’s keep our neighbourhood clean, green, and full of life! 44. A. call B. see C. think D. look 45. A. throw B. put C. pick D. sort 46. A. houses B. homes C. food D. rooms 47. A. windy B. cloudy C. sunny D. rainy 48. A. land B. water C. air D. light 49. A. ill B. angry C. hot D. warm 50. A. decision B. difference C. difficulty D. discovery C. Answer the following questions.（根据短文内容，回答问题）：7% Stephen Hawking was a well-known English scientist, teacher and writer. He used a wheelchair and a computer to talk after getting ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis肌萎缩侧索硬化), a disease he got in university. Although he met with so many difficulties, Stephen made important discoveries about the universe and its future. Born on 8 January 1942 in Oxford, England, Stephen was the eldest child of Frank Hawking and Isobel Walker. His parents, who were both Oxford graduates, moved away from London during World War II to keep him safe. Stephen had two sisters and a brother. His family was known for their special habits, like reading books in silence during meals. They also kept bees in their basement and made fireworks in their greenhouse. From a young age, Stephen loved science. Later, he studied at the University of Cambridge and became interested in black holes. When other scientists thought black holes were areas in space where nothing could escape (逃脱). Stephen discovered that a type of radiation (辐射), now called Hawking radiation, could escape from them. Stephen Hawking gets respect (尊重) from all over the world. His great work and charming personality (性格) encourages millions of people to take an interest in science! 51. What disease did Stephen Hawking get in university? __________________________________________________________________ 52. When and where was Stephen Hawking born? __________________________________________________________________ 53. What special habits did Stephen Hawking’s family have? __________________________________________________________________ 54 What did other scientists think about black holes? __________________________________________________________________ 55. What does “them” refer to in Paragraph Four? __________________________________________________________________ 56. What do you think of Stephen Hawking? Why? __________________________________________________________________ Ⅸ. Writing 写话（14分） A. Translate the following sentences into English.（中译英）：6% 57. In winter, I ________ (可以玩雪) and enjoy ________ (堆雪人). 58. 本周五将有一次去多伦路的外出郊游。 There ________ an outing to Duolun Road this Friday 59. 在春天去徒步旅行和享受阳光是很好的。(It’s nice...) ________________________________ B. Write a diary in at least 50 words according to the situation.（根据所给的情景，写一篇不少于50个词的日记）8% 60. 假设今天是3月29日，天气晴朗，你参加了“Earth Hour”（地球一小时）活动，在晚上8点30分至9点30分关闭不必要的照明和耗电产品一小时。在这一小时里、发生了什么事情？请用日记形式记录。 Suggested questions: 1. What did you do/say/see/hear/... during Earth Hour? 2. How did you feel? 3. Will you take part in Earth Hour next year? Why? Saturday, 29 March Sunny Dear diary, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $