精品解析：河南省郑州市中牟县部分学校2024-2025学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题

绝密★启用前 2024-2025学年下学期期末测评试卷 高二英语 注意事项： 1.本试卷共8页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。 2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、准考证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。 3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why was Lily upset? A. She failed an exam. B. Her plan was turned down. C. The club’s equipment was having trouble. 2. What program will be shown after the sports news? A. A football match. B. A talk show. C. A music program. 3. When did the fire probably start? A. Around 6 p.m. B. Around 7 p.m. C. Around 8 p.m. 4. What will the woman’s family finally do for the holiday? A. Visit a waterpark. B. Go camping. C. Explore a museum. 5. What will the astronauts study during their mission next month? A. Plant growth in space. B. Volcanic activities on Mars. C. Solar energy collection methods. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman’s cousin think of Mr. Thompson? A. He’s creative. B. He’s strict. C. He’s patient. 7. What does Mr. Thompson encourage his students to do? A. Watch foreign films. B. Memorize grammar rules. C Practice with native speakers. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How did the man discover DeepSeek? A. From a TV program. B. From a friend. C. From a newspaper. 9. What does the woman think of the story DeepSeek wrote? A. Meaningless. B. Impressive. C. Confusing. 10. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. What we can do with DeepSeek. B. What computer programs DeepSeek can write. C. What writing skills we can learn from DeepSeek. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the woman doing? A. Describing her study plan. B. Showing her reading list. C. Introducing her school subjects. 12. What time does the woman read story books on Friday? A. From7:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. B. From 9:00 p.m. to 10:30 p.m. C. From 10:30 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. 13. What does the woman like about her schedule? A. The subjects. B. The school rules. C. The time for hobbies. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What do we know about Tom Brown? A. He is good at gardening. B. He teaches tree-climbing. C. His mother is a good designer. 15. How did Tom become interested in trees? A. His mother inspired him. B. He took a college course. C. He had a summer job related to trees. 16. What was unique about Tom’s tree-climbing class? A. It focused on theory. B. It had people of different ages. C. Only young people attended. 17. Why do most people attend Tom’s classes? A. To learn job skills. B. To enjoy outdoor exercise. C. To remember their childhood. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To attract new members. B. To raise funds for members. C. To share his volunteer experience. 19. What does the speaker apologize for at first? A. A lack of seats. B. The long meeting. C. The crowded room. 20. What factor is the least important to ACE when choosing volunteers? A. Their age. B. Their profession. C. Their experience. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Harvard Summer Program in Kenya About the Program In this program, we explore humanity’s longstanding connections to climatic and environmental change in the heart of the East African Rift System — a geological record of past environments and the animals and plants that lived there. You will combine classical field research with computational methods to study climate dynamics, community health impacts, and evolutionary adaptations. How to Apply To apply, you must: Be at least 18 years old by the program start date. Have completed at least one full year of undergraduate study or be a first-year student. Maintain good academic standing with a minimum GPA of 3.0/4.0. Students enrolled in accredited global universities can apply. Visit the How to Apply page for detailed instructions. Each application requires program-specific materials outlined in the online portal (门户网站). We strongly recommend starting your application at least six weeks before the deadline to allow enough time for document preparation and revisions. Cost & Expenses The program fee covers: Full tuition for 4 academic credits. Shared rooms in research centers. All scheduled fieldwork and laboratory activities. Some meals (specific meal plans will be detailed in pre-departure materials). Additional expenses not included: International airfare (estimated $1,500 — $2,300). Visa and vaccination fees ($200 — $400). Personal equipment and incidental costs ($300 — $500). Estimated ranges for common out-of-pocket expenses will be provided upon admission. Actual costs may vary due to personal spending preferences, changes in exchange rates, and unforeseen circumstances. Additional Information For program inquiries, contact our Office of International Education at summerabroad@summer.harvard.edu. Allow 3 — 5 business days for responses during peak application periods(January-March). 1. What is the primary focus of the program? A. Training in geological fieldwork techniques. B. Studying East African wildlife conservation. C. Developing computational tools for health research. D. Exploring links between climate and human history. 2. Who is qualified to apply for the program? A. High school graduates aged 18. B. College students with good grades. C. Postgraduate researchers in geology. D. First-year students from any university. 3. Which of the following is considered an out-of-pocket expense? A. Tuition. B. Housing. C. Airfare. D. Scheduled activities. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了哈佛大学在肯尼亚的暑期项目，包括项目内容、申请条件、费用及额外信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In this program, we explore humanity’s longstanding connections to climatic and environmental change in the heart of the East African Rift System.(在这个项目中，我们探索人类与东非裂谷系统中心的气候和环境变化的长期联系。)”可知，这个项目的主要重点是探索气候与人类历史之间的联系。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据How to Apply部分“To apply, you must: Be at least 18 years old by the program start date. Have completed at least one full year of undergraduate study or be a first-year student. Maintain good academic standing with a minimum GPA of 3.0/4.0.(申请条件：在项目开始日期前年满18岁。已完成至少一年的本科学习或是一年级学生。保持良好的学术地位，最低GPA为3.0/4.0。)”可知，成绩好的大学生有资格申请这个项目。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Cost & Expenses部分“Additional expenses not included: International airfare (estimated 1,500—2,300).(不包括的额外费用：国际机票（估计1500-2300美元）。)”可知，机票被认为是自付费用。故选C。 B Michael Satterlee, at only 17, has made waves in the business world, turning what began as a simple side job into a booming enterprise. From Albany, New York, Michael’s enterprise, SoleFully, demonstrates his exceptional business foresight. What drives such ambition in a high school student, enabling him to build a thriving business that now generates five-figures monthly? Michael’s journey started when he sold 3D-printed calculator cases to classmates. Seeing a chance to grow, he launched SoleFully, a business selling special shoe add-ons. His products stood out, bringing in customers in a fresh market. Michael’s businesses make about $20,000 a month. His story proves that young people can be great at business too. But it wasn’t easy. He succeeded by being patient, adapting to changes, and learning these skills while still going to school. The rise was far from smooth. Michael faced barriers like balancing school and entrepreneurship. Early days involved trial and error, closely learning about products, and finding the best marketing strategy. By focusing on unusual yet appealing shoe accessories that let consumers personalize footwear, he tapped into a new market. SoleFully’s unique offerings, combined with Michael’s deep audience understanding, set it apart. Strategically addressing demand while showing creativity has been key to its rise in a competitive landscape. Beyond determination, Michael’s routine starts at 5:00 a.m., with his days consisting of school followed by long hours at his storage place. Despite challenges, he puts family first. Inspired by figures such as Steve Jobs, Michael focuses on growth, always looking for ways to improve his company. Hiring friends and professionals has expanded operations, showing his managerial skills within a growing business. 4. What primarily drives Michael’s business success? A. Unique market demands. B. School project requirements. C. Personal passion and creativity. D. Financial pressure from family. 5. What challenge did Michael face in his early business stage? A. Lack of enough funds. B. Limited product demand. C. Legal conflicts over patents. D. Balancing school and work. 6. Why did SoleFully’s products stand out in the market? A. They filled a gap in the market. B. They used cutting-edge technologies. C. They adopted budget-friendly prices. D. They learned from inspirational figures. 7. How does Michael manage his expanding business operations? A. Through strict cost-cutting. B. By hiring skilled team members. C. By purchasing advanced equipment. D. By focusing mainly on online sales. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了17岁的Michael Satterlee如何将一个简单的兼职工作发展成为一个蓬勃发展的企业SoleFully的故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根章二段“Michael’s journey started when he sold 3D - printed calculator cases to classmates. Seeing a chance to grow, he launched SoleFully, a business selling special shoe add - ons.(迈克尔的创业之旅始于他向同学们出售 3D 打印的计算器外壳。看到发展的机会后，他创立了 SoleFully，一家销售特殊鞋类附加产品的公司)” 以及第五段 “SoleFully’s unique offerings, combined with Michael’s deep audience understanding, set it apart. Strategically addressing demand while showing creativity has been key to its rise in a competitive landscape.(SoleFully 独特的产品，加上迈克尔对受众的深入了解，使其脱颖而出。在具有竞争力的市场环境中，通过策略性地满足需求并展现创造力是其崛起的关键)” 可推知，个人的热情与创造力是迈克尔商业成功的主要驱动力。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The rise was far from smooth. Michael faced barriers like balancing school and entrepreneurship.(他的崛起并非一帆风顺。Michael面临着平衡学业和创业的障碍。)”可知，Michael在创业初期面临的挑战是平衡学业和工作。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“By focusing on unusual yet appealing shoe accessories that let consumers personalize footwear, he tapped into a new market.(通过专注于不寻常但有吸引力的鞋类配件，让消费者能够个性化定制鞋类，他进入了一个新的市场。)”可知，SoleFully的产品在市场上脱颖而出是因为它们填补了市场空白，满足了消费者对个性化鞋类配件的需求。故选A。 7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hiring friends and professionals has expanded operations, showing his managerial skills within a growing business.(雇佣朋友和专业人士扩大了业务运营规模，彰显出他在不断发展的企业中的管理能力)”可知，Michael通过雇佣有技能的团队成员来管理他不断扩大的业务运营。故选B。 C A Yale-led study warns that global climate change may have a destructive effect on many butterfly populations worldwide, turning their species-rich mountain habitats from shelters into traps. Think of it as the “butterfly effect” — the idea that something as tiny as a butterfly moving its wings can eventually cause a big event like a hurricane — the opposite way around. The new study, published in the journal Nature Ecology and Evolution, also suggests that a lack of comprehensive global data about insects may leave conservationists and policymakers ill-prepared to mitigate biodiversity loss from climate change for a wide range of insect species. For the study, a team co-led by Yale ecologist Walter Jetz analyzed phylogenetic (系统发育的) and geographic range data for more than 12,000 butterfly species worldwide. They found that butterfly diversity is highly grouped in tropical and subtropical mountain systems: two-thirds of butterfly species live mainly in the mountains, which contain 3. 5 times more butterfly hotspots than lowlands. Yet those mountain ecosystems and surrounding areas are quickly changing as a result of climate change. According to the study, 64% of the specific temperature conditions for butterflies in tropical areas will disappear by 2070, as the unique temperature ranges in mountain regions continue to decrease. Current priorities in biodiversity preservation, the researchers note, are aimed at animals and plants, rather than insects. Until now, a global assessment of the geographic coincidence (分布特征) of diversity, rarity, and climate change threats for an insect system did not exist. The new assessment shows that patterns in butterfly diversity differ strongly from those of much better studied groups such as birds and mammals — challenging the relevance of existing conservation priorities, the researchers said. “The diversity, elegance, and beauty of butterflies excite people all over the world,” said Jetz, a professor. “Butterflies live with plants and help maintain the balance of nature,” he added. “Unfortunately, our first global assessment of butterfly diversity and threats finds that butterflies fascinating adaptation to higher-elevation (较高海拔的) environments might now lead to their extinction, with potentially thousands of species committed to extinction from global warming this century.” 8. What does the underlined word “mitigate” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Increase. B. Reduce. C. Prevent. D. Ignore. 9. Why do mountain systems become a threat to butterflies? A. They are experiencing rapid climate shifts. B. They provide inadequate food sources. C. Their temperatures become unstable. D. Their developing patterns change. 10. Why does the study challenge existing conservation frameworks? A. Policy timelines mismatch extinction rates. B. Insect data is contradictory to climate predictions. C. Traditional models ignore elevational adaptations. D. Shared areas with bird or mammal habitats decreases. 11. Which of the following statements would Jetz agree with? A. Butterflies’ adaptability helps their living. B. Ecosystem dependence enlarges climate threats. C. Public liking effectively stops butterfly extinction. D. High-elevation habitats make sure future species safety. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了耶鲁大学一项研究警告称，全球气候变化可能对全球许多蝴蝶种群造成破坏性影响，其物种丰富的山区栖息地正从庇护所变为陷阱。研究还指出，现有保护框架因忽视蝴蝶的海拔适应性而面临挑战。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“The new study, published in the journal  Nature Ecology and Evolution , also suggests that a lack of comprehensive global data about insects may leave conservationists and policymakers ill-prepared to mitigate biodiversity loss from climate change for a wide range of insect species.(这项发表在《自然・生态与进化》杂志上的新研究还指出，由于缺乏关于昆虫的全面全球数据，保护主义者和政策制定者可能无法做好准备，以mitigate气候变化给广泛昆虫物种带来的生物多样性损失)”可知，由于缺乏昆虫的全面全球数据，导致保护者和政策制定者无法采取有效措施来减少气候变化带来的损失。由此可知，mitigate应意为“减少”，与reduce意思接近。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Yet those mountain ecosystems—and surrounding areas—are quickly changing as a result of climate change. According to the study, 64% of the specific temperature conditions for butterflies in tropical areas will disappear by 2070, as the unique temperature ranges in mountain regions continue to decrease.(然而，由于气候变化，这些山区生态系统及其周边地区正在迅速发生变化。该研究指出，随着山区独特温度范围的持续缩小，到2070年，热带地区64%的蝴蝶生存所需的特定温度条件将消失)”可知，山地系统因快速的气候变化导致其独特的温度范围不断缩小，从而威胁到蝴蝶的生存环境。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The new assessment shows that patterns in butterfly diversity differ strongly from those of much better studied groups such as birds and mammals—challenging the relevance of existing conservation priorities.(这项新评估表明，蝴蝶的多样性分布模式与研究更为充分的鸟类和哺乳动物等群体存在显著差异——这对现有保护优先级的合理性提出了挑战)”及最后一段“butterflies’ fascinating adaptation to higher-elevation environments might now lead to their extinction.(蝴蝶对高海拔环境令人称奇的适应性，如今却可能导致它们走向灭绝)”可知，现有保护框架主要针对鸟类和哺乳动物，忽视了蝴蝶对高海拔环境的适应性，因此受到挑战。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butterflies’ fascinating adaptation to higher-elevation environments might now lead to their extinction.(蝴蝶对高海拔环境令人称奇的适应性，如今可能正使其走向灭绝)”可知，蝴蝶对山区生态系统的适应性反而因气候变化加剧了灭绝风险，即“生态系统依赖放大了气候威胁”。故选B。 D Recently, many countries have made great progress in space exploration. In 2024, China’s Chang’e-6 mission landed on the dark side of the moon and collected rocks containing helium-3, a special gas that could provide clean energy for future moon bases. At the same time, NASA is setting up a moon base. They want to test new ways to live there, like making homes with 3D printers and reusing water. This will help when we go to Mars someday. Private companies like SpaceX are also helping. They cut rocket launch costs by 70%. Now, universities can send small satellites to study Earth’s changes. An exciting discovery was made on Mars. NASA’s rover (探测车) found large amounts of ice below Mars’ surface—important for making air and rocket fuel. However, long-term space living has challenges. Space travel is dangerous due to radiation, which can harm astronauts. Also, there’s lots of space junk around Earth that can damage satellites. In 2025, Japan launched a satellite to destroy small space junk. The EU will send a mission to collect larger junk with nets. Countries working together leads to big discoveries. China and Russia will build a moon research station by 2035. They will study moon soil to see if plants can grow there. India’s AdityaL1 satellite works with NASA to watch solar storms. More people are getting interested in space. NASA’s “Mars VR” program lets students explore Mars and learn about its rocks. Some people question if spending so much on space is worth it. Around $150 billion is spent every year. They say this money could help poor people or fight climate change. But space research has given us useful things too. MRI machines in hospitals came from space technology. Ways to clean water in dry areas were also learned from space. As we explore space, we need to balance it with Earth’s needs. 12. What is a possible benefit of helium-3 for lunar exploration? A. It can help in medical research. B. It can be used for satellite production. C. It can aid in plant farming on the moon. D. It can provide clean energy for moon bases. 13. What is the difference between Japan’s and the EU’s space cleanup mission? A. Ways to decrease space junk. B. Their energy-saving approaches. C. Ways to avoid harmful radiation. D. The number of countries involved. 14. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Star travel will solve humanity’s future challenges. B. Space exploration wastes resources needed on Earth. C. Balancing space exploration and Earth’s needs is key. D. Space technology benefits medical and environmental fields. 15. How is the text organized? A. Question-explanation-suggestion. B. Theory-practice-evaluation. C. Achievement-problem-solution. D. Situation-response-result. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了各国在太空探索方面取得的成就、面临的问题以及相应的解决方案。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“China’s Chang’e-6 mission landed on the dark side of the moon and collected rocks containing helium-3, a special gas that could provide clean energy for future moon bases.(中国的嫦娥六号任务在月球背面着陆，并采集了含有氦-3 的岩石。氦-3 是一种特殊气体，能够为未来的月球基地提供清洁能源)”可知，氦-3这种特殊气体可以为未来的月球基地提供清洁能源。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In 2025, Japan launched a satellite to destroy small space junk. The EU will send a mission to collect larger junk with nets.(在 2025 年，日本发射了一颗卫星来摧毁小型太空垃圾。欧盟将派遣一个任务，用网收集较大的垃圾)”可知，日本的任务是摧毁小太空垃圾，欧盟的任务是收集更大的太空垃圾，两者减少太空垃圾的方式不同。故选A。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Some people question if spending so much on space is worth it. Around $150 billion is spent every year. They say this money could help poor people or fight climate change. But space research has given us useful things too. MRI machines in hospitals came from space technology. Ways to clean water in dry areas were also learned from space. As we explore space, we need to balance it with Earth’s needs.(在2025年，日本发射了一颗卫星来摧毁小型太空垃圾。欧盟将派遣一个任务，用网收集较大的垃圾。有人质疑在太空领域投入这么多资金是否值得。每年大约有1500亿美元用于太空探索。他们认为这些钱可以用来帮助贫困人口或应对气候变化。不过，太空研究也为我们带来了许多实用的成果。医院里的核磁共振成像（MRI）设备就源自太空技术，干旱地区的净水方法也是从太空探索中获得的启发。在探索太空的过程中，我们需要平衡太空探索与地球自身的需求)”可知，最后一段先提到有人质疑在太空上花费太多是否值得，接着指出太空研究带来了有用的东西，最后强调“在探索太空时，我们需要平衡它与地球的需求”，所以该段的主要思想是平衡太空探索和地球的需求是关键。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。第一段讲述各国在太空探索方面取得的成就，如中国嫦娥六号任务、NASA建立月球基地、SpaceX降低火箭发射成本等；第二段指出太空探索面临的挑战，如辐射、太空垃圾，并介绍了日本和欧盟应对太空垃圾的解决措施；第三段阐述各国合作在太空探索方面的发现和举措；第四段讨论太空探索花费的争议及太空研究带来的好处，强调平衡的重要性。整体结构为“成就——问题——解决方案”，故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Our cultural traditions are a vital part of our identity and help us connect with our roots. ____16____ By preserving our cultural traditions, we can pass down our values, beliefs, and customs to future generations, ensuring that our history is not forgotten. In the digital age, it is more important than ever to preserve our cultural traditions. Technology has made it easier to share information and connect with people from all over the world. ____17____ As digital platforms become more popular in our daily lives, there is a risk that traditional practices and customs may be lost or forgotten. However, technology can also be a powerful tool for preserving our cultural traditions. ____18____ Social media platforms and online communities can also be used to promote cultural events, celebrations, and practices, reaching a wider audience and encouraging participation. ____19____ For example, the lack of awareness and support for cultural preservation efforts poses a significant challenge to preserving our traditions. Many cultural practices are at risk of extinction. It is necessary for governments, organizations, and individuals to work together to protect and promote our cultural heritage. Preserving our cultural traditions has numerous benefits. By maintaining our cultural heritage, we can develop a sense of identity, belonging, and pride in our roots. Furthermore, preserving our cultural traditions can have a positive impact on our mental health and well-being. ____20____ A. It plays a key role in shaping who we are. B. Our cultural heritage is a reflection of our identity. C. Cultural practices reduce stress and improve quality of life. D. Preserving cultural traditions is crucial but challenging. E. They provide us with a sense of belonging and pride in our heritage. F. But it has also posed challenges to preserving our cultural heritage. G. Online museums and virtual exhibitions can globally document and share cultural heritage. 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. G 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文探讨了在数字时代保护和传承文化传统的重要性，分析了科技对文化保护的双重影响，并指出面临的挑战及保护措施。 【16题详解】 上文“Our cultural traditions are a vital part of our identity and help us connect with our roots.(我们的文化传统是我们身份的重要组成部分，帮助我们与根源建立联系)”强调了文化传统对身份认同和连接根源的作用。选项E“They provide us with a sense of belonging and pride in our heritage.(它们为我们提供了一种归属感和对我们文化遗产的自豪感)”，进一步说明了文化传统能带来归属感和自豪感。故选E。 【17题详解】 上文“Technology has made it easier to share information and connect with people from all over the world.(技术使分享信息和与世界各地的人建立联系变得更加容易)”说明技术带来的积极影响。选项F“But it has also posed challenges to preserving our cultural heritage.(但它也给保护我们的文化遗产带来了挑战)”，通过but进行转折，引出技术对文化遗产保护带来的负面情况，与上文形成对比。故选F。 【18题详解】 上文“However, technology can also be a powerful tool for preserving our cultural traditions.(然而，技术也可以成为保护我们文化传统的有力工具)”强调技术在保护文化传统方面的积极作用。选项G“Online museums and virtual exhibitions can globally document and share cultural heritage.(在线博物馆和虚拟展览可以在全球范围内记录和分享文化遗产)”具体举例说明了技术如何发挥作用，即通过在线博物馆和虚拟展览来记录和分享文化遗产，是对上文技术作用的具体说明。故选G。 【19题详解】 下文“For example, the lack of awareness and support for cultural preservation efforts poses a significant challenge to preserving our traditions. Many cultural practices are at risk of extinction.(例如，对文化保护工作缺乏认识和支持对保护我们的传统构成了重大挑战。许多文化习俗面临灭绝的危险)”通过举例说明保护文化传统面临着挑战。同时，上文一直在强调保护文化传统的重要性。选项D“Preserving cultural traditions is crucial but challenging.(保护文化传统至关重要但充满挑战)”，既总结了上文保护文化传统的重要性，又引出了下文所阐述的挑战，起到了承上启下的作用。故选D。 【20题详解】 上文“Furthermore, preserving our cultural traditions can have a positive impact on our mental health and well - being.(此外，保护我们的文化传统可以对我们的心理健康和幸福产生积极影响)”说明保护文化传统对心理健康和幸福有好处。选项C“Cultural practices reduce stress and improve quality of life.(文化习俗可以减轻压力，提高生活质量)”具体说明了文化传统是如何对心理健康和幸福产生积极影响的，即减轻压力和提高生活质量，与上文内容相呼应。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was during 7th grade, on the school’s path outside our classrooms. Two classes had gathered to play a game. I was ___21___ to join, but a classmate refused to let me play on her team. Her ___22___ was enough to make someone feel useless. It was a painful ___23___, enough to hurt my heart deeply. This wasn’t the ___24___ time I felt this way. In school, at home, everywhere, I felt down, ashamed, and worthless. Then life gave me a ___25___ small gift — one tiny encouragement that had a(n) ___26___ effect, bringing huge changes to my life. It happened one day in 9th grade. I’d always struggled with English and often felt down about my abilities. So when I ___27___ scored high on an important test, it surprised everyone, especially my teacher. I’d studied hard, but my ___28___ was sudden and unexpected. My teacher’s praise became the first drop of rain, bringing fresh hope and energy. She appreciated my work and ___29___ my spirits with a pat on the cheek. This moment would later ____30____ how small acts of kindness can change someone’s world. That moment ____31____ me up like electricity — it became a push to ____32____ my efforts, causing me to rethink things, driving me to try my hardest to do well in every subject. I remember my teacher’s words: “Seeing such bright kids makes my heart fill with pleasure.” I decided to ____33____ to my teacher’s support, warmth, and understanding with even greater progress. I started seeing things differently, and one idea ____34____ me: Kindness is a ____35____, not weakness. Speaking gently shouldn’t be seen as weakness. 21. A. embarrassed B. scared C. surprised D. excited 22 A. rejection B. principle C. judge D. review 23. A. reaction B. moment C. process D. treatment 24. A. anxious B. various C. single D. typical 25. A. precious B. moral C. sensitive D. harmonious 26. A. graceful B. advanced C. magical D. professional 27. A. naturally B. accidentally C. gradually D. easily 28. A. pride B. happiness C. surprise D. improvement 29. A. believed B. lifted C. understood D. felt 30. A. recall B. figure C. illustrate D. compare 31. A. charged B. built C. picked D. woke 32. A. care for B. adapt to C. figure out D. keep up 33. A. appeal B. respond C. turn D. stick 34. A. stuck with B. caught up C. showed off D. came across 35. A. trend B. mission C. recognition D. virtue 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在七年级时被同学拒绝参加游戏，后因九年级时英语考试高分获老师表扬而改变人生的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋能加入，但一个同学拒绝让我加入她的队伍。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. scared害怕的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. excited兴奋的。根据下文“but a classmate refused to let me play”可知，“but”表转折，说明之前的情绪是积极的，由此可知，作者原本对加入游戏感到“兴奋”符合语境。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的拒绝足以让一个人觉得自己一无是处。A. rejection拒绝；B. principle原则；C. judge判断；D. review评论。根据上文“but a classmate refused to let me play on her team.”可知，此处指同学的“拒绝”符合语境。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个痛苦的时刻，足以深深伤害我的心。A. reaction反应；B. moment时刻；C. process过程；D. treatment对待。根据上文的“I was ___1___ to join, but a classmate refused to let me play on her team.”可知，被同学拒绝是一个具体的事件，结合下文“This moment would later ___10___ how small acts of kindness can change someone’s world.”可知，这是一个痛苦的“时刻”符合语境。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这不是我第一次有这种感觉。A. anxious焦虑的；B. various各种各样的；C. single单一的；D. typical典型的。根据下文“In school, at home, everywhere, I felt down”可知，作者在很多场合都感到沮丧，所以这不是“唯一的”一次。“not the single time”表示“不止一次”。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后生活给了我一份珍贵小礼物——一个微小的鼓励，却产生了神奇的效果，给我的生活带来了巨大的变化。A. precious珍贵的；B. moral道德的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. harmonious和谐的。根据下文“small gift”和“one tiny encouragement that had a(n) ___6___ effect, bringing huge changes to my life.”可知，这个鼓励虽小却意义重大，是“珍贵的”。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后生活给了我一份珍贵的小礼物——一个微小的鼓励，却产生了神奇的效果，给我的生活带来了巨大的变化。A. graceful优雅的；B. advanced先进的；C. magical神奇的；D. professional专业的。根据上文的“one tiny encouragement that had a(n) ___6___ effect, bringing huge changes to my life.”可知，微小的鼓励带来了巨大改变，这种影响是“神奇的”。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以当我在一次重要的考试中意外地取得高分时，所有人都很惊讶，尤其是我的老师。A. naturally自然地；B. accidentally意外地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. easily容易地。根据上文“I’d always struggled with English and often felt down about my abilities.”可知，作者英语一直不好，所以高分是“意外”取得的，这与“surprised everyone”呼应。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学习很努力，但我的进步是突然和出乎意料的。A. pride骄傲；B. happiness快乐；C. surprise惊讶；D. improvement进步。根据上文的“I’d studied hard”可知，作者努力过，结合but以及下文的“sudden and unexpected”可知，此处指的是作者英语上的“进步”。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她欣赏我的作业，拍拍我的脸颊，让我振作起来。A. believed相信；B. lifted高兴起来，举起；C. understood理解；D. felt感觉。根据上文的“My teacher’s praise became the first drop of rain, bringing fresh hope and energy.”可知，老师的表扬让作者振作，lift one’s spirits为固定搭配，意为“使某人振作”。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一刻后来证明，小小的善举如何能改变一个人的世界。A. recall回忆；B. figure计算；C. illustrate证明；D. compare比较。根据下文的“how small acts of kindness can change someone’s world.”可知，这个时刻“证明”了善意的力量，“illustrate”在此处表示“举例说明、证明”。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一刻像电流一样让我充满力量——它成为一种动力，促使我继续努力，让我重新思考事情，驱使我在每一门学科上都努力做到最好。A. charged充电；B. built建造；C. picked捡起；D. woke醒来。根据下文的“like electricity”形象地说明作者被“充电”，结合“it became a push to ___12___ my efforts, causing me to rethink things, driving me to try my hardest to do well in every subject.”可知，这成了作者的动力，促使作者不断努力，让作者充满能量，charge up有“使充满能量”的意思。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：那一刻像电流一样让我充满力量——它成为一种动力，促使我继续努力，让我重新思考事情，驱使我在每一门学科上都努力做到最好。A. care for关心；B. adapt to适应；C. figure out解决；D. keep up继续。根据下文的“driving me to try my hardest”可知，作者在鼓励下“继续”努力，keep up efforts表示“继续努力”。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定以更大的进步来回应老师的支持、温暖和理解。A. appeal呼吁；B. respond回应；C. turn转向；D. stick坚持。根据语境以及下文的“my teacher’s support, warmth, and understanding with even greater progress.”可知，老师给作者的鼓励让作者充满动力，此处是对老师支持、温暖和理解的“回应”，respond to表示“对……做出回应”。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始以不同的方式看待事物，一个想法突然出现在我脑海中：善良是一种美德，而不是弱点。A. stuck with坚持；B. caught up赶上；C. showed off炫耀；D. came across偶然想到、偶遇。根据下文的“Kindness is a ___15___, not weakness. Speaking gently shouldn’t be seen as weakness.”可知，此处为作者对自己经历的反思，由此可知，此处表示“突然想到”符合语境。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始以不同的方式看待事物，一个想法突然出现在我脑海中：善良是一种美德，而不是弱点。A. trend趋势；B. mission使命；C. recognition认可；D. virtue美德。根据下文的“not weakness”以及“Speaking gently shouldn’t be seen as weakness.”可知，与“弱点”相对的是“美德”，所以此处指的是善良是一种“美德”。故选D项。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 American YouTuber IShowSpeed, also ___36___ (refer) to as Hyperthyroidism Brother (甲亢哥), visited China in March 2025, attracting significant attention. With 37 million followers, he is famous for his ___37___ (energy) live streams. His trip started in Shanghai, ___38___ he livestreamed to millions of viewers. He then visited the Forbidden City and learned some Chinese martial arts in Beijing. IShowSpeed’s trip was ___39___ (wide) covered by Chinese media. His live streams caused lively discussions among netizens (网民). A good part was his visit to Henan’s Fuxi Mountain. He attempted the “Cloud Ladder”, and he kept saying “Oh my god!” as he climbed. The climbing was more exciting than anything he ___40___ (experience) before. What’s more, IShowSpeed ___41___ (amaze) by China’s high-speed trains, praising their smooth rides and strong Internet. His chats with locals and willingness ___42___ (try) new things impressed Chinese viewers. Many called him a “true friend” who respects their culture. His trip also helped show China’s modern cities and rich culture to the world. A video of him ___43___ (sing) a Chinese song, Sunshine Rainbow Little White Horse, became very popular. Chinese officials expressed ___44___ grateful they were to him for bridging cultures and changing wrong ideas about China. With his energy and honesty, IShowSpeed has become ____45____ unexpected cultural ambassador, making global youth see China in a fresh, friendly light. His journey proves that fun and respect can connect different worlds. 【答案】36. referred 37. energetic 38. where 39. widely 40. had experienced 41. was amazed 42. to try 43. singing 44. how 45. an 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述美国YouTube博主IShowSpeed于2025年3月访华，其行程引发关注，他通过直播等方式展现中国现代城市与丰富文化，成为文化大使。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：美国YouTube博主IShowSpeed，也被称为“甲亢哥”，于2025年3月访问中国，吸引了大量关注。此处为非谓语动词作定语，根据referred to... as意为“称为”可知，IShowSpeed与refer to为被动关系，所以用过去分词referred。故填referred。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：拥有3700万粉丝的他，以充满活力的直播而闻名。此处修饰名词短语live streams，用energy的形容词energetic，意为“充满活力的”。故填energetic。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他的旅程从上海开始，在那里他向数百万观众进行了直播。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为Shanghai，指地点，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：IShowSpeed的行程被中国媒体广泛报道。此处修饰动词covered，用wide的副词widely，意为“广泛地”。故填widely。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这次攀登比他以前经历过任何事情都更令人兴奋。此处为谓语动词，根据“before”及“was more exciting”可知，此处表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，所以谓语动词为had experienced。故填had experienced。 【41题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：此外，IShowSpeed对中国的高铁感到惊讶，称赞其平稳的行驶和强劲的网络。此处为谓语动词，IShowSpeed与amaze为被动关系，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was amazed。故填was amazed。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他与当地人的聊天和尝试新事物的意愿给中国观众留下了深刻印象。此处作后置定语修饰抽象名词willingness，用动词不定式to try表示“愿意去尝试某事”。故填to try。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他演唱中文歌曲《阳光彩虹小白马》的视频非常受欢迎。此处为“a video of”结构的宾语，需使用动名词形式，与空前的him构成动名词的复合结构。故填singing。 【44题详解】 考查感叹句。句意：中国官员表达了他们对他的感激之情，因为他架起了文化桥梁，改变了对中国的错误看法。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作expressed的宾语，连接词修饰形容词grateful，用连接副词how引导，构成“how + adj. + 主语 + 谓语”结构。故填how。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：凭借活力与真诚，IShowSpeed成为一位意想不到的文化大使，让全球年轻人以全新、友好的视角看待中国。ambassador为可数名词单数，此处表泛指“一位文化大使”，且unexpected是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 最近，你们班组织了一场讨论，主题是“高中生是否应该学习理财”。根据下表所提供的信息，介绍讨论情况，并说明自己的观点。 支持 反对 你的观点 1.管好零花钱 2.学习生活技能 1.挤占学习时间 2.过早引发焦虑 …… 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头语已为你写好； 4.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Recently, our class held a discussion about whether high school students should learn financial management. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Recently, our class held a discussion about whether high school students should learn financial management. Supporters say it helps them handle pocket money and acquire useful life skills early. However, opponents argue that learning about finance might take time away from core subjects. They also worry it could add to the stress students already face from studying. In my opinion, the benefits of learning financial management are more significant. While regular classes are important, adding simple money skills to school can teach students valuable life lessons. Students can learn to be smart with money without hurting their grades. That’s why I think money management should be taught in high school. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生介绍班级关于“高中生是否应该学习理财”的讨论情况，并阐述自己的观点，需结合支持与反对双方的理由进行论述。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 技能：skill→technique 核心的：core→central 压力：stress→pressure 重要的：significant→crucial 2. 句式拓展 同义句 原句：They also worry it could add to the stress students already face from studying. 拓展句：What also worries them is that it could add to the stress students already face from studying. 【点睛】【高分句型1】While regular classes are important, adding simple money skills to school can teach students valuable life lessons.（运用了while引导让步状语从句以及动名词短语作主语） 【高分句型2】That’s why I think money management should be taught in high school.（运用了why引导的表语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Time sure flies! My grandma’s 80th birthday was coming up. My family had been talking about having a big party for her. But Grandma wasn’t happy about it. The closer her birthday got, the more upset she became. She didn’t want to eat, didn’t feel like talking, and sometimes even got angry for no reason. One morning, my parents went to Grandma’s room. She was sitting there, looking really sad. My mom tried to cheer her up and said, “Mom, we got your favorite birthday cake!” But Grandma became angry. She hit the floor with her cane and said, “I hate cake! It’s too sweet!” Seeing Grandma get angry again, my mom felt worried and sad. She stepped back and gave my dad a look that said, “Help!” My dad quickly stepped forward and said, “Okay, Mom. No cake. What gift do you want? We’ll get it for you!” Grandma said, “Forget it. I don’t want anything.” My parents didn’t know what to do and left the room. Just then, I walked up and held my parents’ hands. I said, “Dad, Mom, I think I know what Grandma really wants. Don’t worry. I’ll make sure she has a happy birthday!” I started working on my “special surprise” without telling anyone. Grandma’s birthday finally arrived. My parents prepared a big meal. There was a cake shaped like a peach with “Happy Birthday” on it. There were also lots of dishes — meat, fish, eggs, and long noodles. They were all Grandma’s favorites. But she still didn’t look happy and had no appetite. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, the doorbell rang and familiar voices called out, “Mom!” and “Grandma!” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After hearing my uncle’s words, my grandma turned to me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Suddenly, the doorbell rang and familiar voices called out, “Mom!” and “Grandma!” Hearing these calls, Grandma was shocked for a moment, then she suddenly smiled and stood up. I went and opened the door. It was uncle Mike, aunt Lisa, and my cousin Alex! Grandma was so excited. She looked at one and hugged another. She said, “My dear children, how did you all come?” Uncle Mike said, “We’re really sorry, Mom. If it weren’t for Linda’s message, we might have forgotten your birthday!” After hearing my uncle’s words, my grandma turned to me. Her eyes filled with happy tears. “My dear child, you do understand Grandma! This is the best gift ever!” She looked around at all of us, her heart full of love. Aunt Lisa put a gentle hand on Grandma’s shoulder and said, “We all love you so much, Mom. We’ll visit more often.” Seeing the happiness on Grandma’s face, I felt really warm inside. I said, “Grandma, I know you miss everyone. I just want you to be happy.” 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了祖母的80岁生日即将来临，家人计划为她举办一个盛大的派对，但祖母对此并不高兴，反而变得情绪低落、易怒。父母尝试用她喜欢的生日蛋糕来哄她开心，却遭到了祖母的拒绝和愤怒。作者观察到祖母的情绪变化，决定为她准备一个特别的惊喜，以让她度过一个快乐的生日。然而，在生日当天，尽管父母准备了丰盛的饭菜和蛋糕，祖母仍然显得不高兴且没有食欲。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“突然，门铃响了起来，紧接着传来熟悉的呼喊声：“妈妈！”“祖母！””可知，第一段可描写祖母看到家人陆续到来感到高兴。 ②由第二段首句内容“听到舅舅的话，奶奶转过身看向我，眼里噙满了幸福的泪水。”可知，第二段可描写祖母告诉作者家人的陪伴是最好的礼物，以及作者的回应。 2.续写线索：家人到来——祖母感到高兴——表示很喜欢生日礼物——作者感到温暖 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①拥抱：hug/embrace ②理解：understand/comprehend ③喜爱：love/be fond of 情绪类 ①抱歉的：sorry/regretful ②高兴的：happy/delighted 【点睛】[高分句型1]Hearing these calls, Grandma was shocked for a moment, then she suddenly smiled and stood up.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） [高分句型2]If it weren’t for Linda’s message, we might have forgotten your birthday!（运用了虚拟语气） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★启用前 2024-2025学年下学期期末测评试卷 高二英语 注意事项： 1.本试卷共8页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。 2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、准考证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。 3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why was Lily upset? A. She failed an exam. B. Her plan was turned down. C. The club’s equipment was having trouble. 2. What program will be shown after the sports news? A. A football match. B. A talk show. C. A music program. 3. When did the fire probably start? A. Around 6 p.m. B. Around 7 p.m. C. Around 8 p.m. 4. What will the woman’s family finally do for the holiday? A. Visit a waterpark. B. Go camping. C. Explore a museum. 5. What will the astronauts study during their mission next month? A. Plant growth in space. B. Volcanic activities on Mars. C. Solar energy collection methods. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman’s cousin think of Mr. Thompson? A. He’s creative. B. He’s strict. C. He’s patient. 7. What does Mr. Thompson encourage his students to do? A. Watch foreign films. B. Memorize grammar rules. C. Practice with native speakers. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How did the man discover DeepSeek? A. From a TV program. B. From a friend. C. From a newspaper. 9. What does the woman think of the story DeepSeek wrote? A. Meaningless. B. Impressive. C. Confusing. 10. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. What we can do with DeepSeek. B. What computer programs DeepSeek can write. C. What writing skills we can learn from DeepSeek. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the woman doing? A. Describing her study plan. B. Showing her reading list. C. Introducing her school subjects. 12. What time does the woman read story books on Friday? A. From7:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. B. From 9:00 p.m. to 10:30 p.m. C. From 10:30 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. 13. What does the woman like about her schedule? A. The subjects. B. The school rules. C. The time for hobbies. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What do we know about Tom Brown? A. He is good at gardening. B. He teaches tree-climbing. C. His mother is a good designer. 15. How did Tom become interested in trees? A. His mother inspired him. B. He took a college course. C. He had a summer job related to trees. 16. What was unique about Tom’s tree-climbing class? A. It focused on theory. B. It had people of different ages. C. Only young people attended. 17. Why do most people attend Tom’s classes? A. To learn job skills. B. To enjoy outdoor exercise. C. To remember their childhood. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To attract new members. B. To raise funds for members. C. To share his volunteer experience. 19. What does the speaker apologize for at first? A. A lack of seats. B. The long meeting. C. The crowded room. 20. What factor is the least important to ACE when choosing volunteers? A. Their age. B. Their profession. C. Their experience. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Harvard Summer Program in Kenya About the Program In this program, we explore humanity’s longstanding connections to climatic and environmental change in the heart of the East African Rift System — a geological record of past environments and the animals and plants that lived there. You will combine classical field research with computational methods to study climate dynamics, community health impacts, and evolutionary adaptations. How to Apply To apply, you must: Be at least 18 years old by the program start date. Have completed at least one full year of undergraduate study or be a first-year student. Maintain good academic standing with a minimum GPA of 3.0/4.0. Students enrolled in accredited global universities can apply. Visit the How to Apply page for detailed instructions. Each application requires program-specific materials outlined in the online portal (门户网站). We strongly recommend starting your application at least six weeks before the deadline to allow enough time for document preparation and revisions. Cost & Expenses The program fee covers: Full tuition for 4 academic credits. Shared rooms in research centers. All scheduled fieldwork and laboratory activities. Some meals (specific meal plans will be detailed in pre-departure materials). Additional expenses not included: International airfare (estimated $1,500 — $2,300). Visa and vaccination fees ($200 — $400). Personal equipment and incidental costs ($300 — $500). Estimated ranges for common out-of-pocket expenses will be provided upon admission. Actual costs may vary due to personal spending preferences, changes in exchange rates, and unforeseen circumstances. Additional Information For program inquiries, contact our Office of International Education at summerabroad@summer.harvard.edu. Allow 3 — 5 business days for responses during peak application periods(January-March). 1. What is the primary focus of the program? A. Training in geological fieldwork techniques. B. Studying East African wildlife conservation. C. Developing computational tools for health research. D. Exploring links between climate and human history. 2. Who is qualified to apply for the program? A. High school graduates aged 18. B. College students with good grades. C. Postgraduate researchers in geology. D. First-year students from any university. 3. Which of the following is considered an out-of-pocket expense? A. Tuition. B. Housing. C. Airfare. D. Scheduled activities. B Michael Satterlee, at only 17, has made waves in the business world, turning what began as a simple side job into a booming enterprise. From Albany, New York, Michael’s enterprise, SoleFully, demonstrates his exceptional business foresight. What drives such ambition in a high school student, enabling him to build a thriving business that now generates five-figures monthly? Michael’s journey started when he sold 3D-printed calculator cases to classmates. Seeing a chance to grow, he launched SoleFully, a business selling special shoe add-ons. His products stood out, bringing in customers in a fresh market. Michael’s businesses make about $20,000 a month. His story proves that young people can be great at business too. But it wasn’t easy. He succeeded by being patient, adapting to changes, and learning these skills while still going to school. The rise was far from smooth. Michael faced barriers like balancing school and entrepreneurship. Early days involved trial and error, closely learning about products, and finding the best marketing strategy. By focusing on unusual yet appealing shoe accessories that let consumers personalize footwear, he tapped into a new market. SoleFully’s unique offerings, combined with Michael’s deep audience understanding, set it apart. Strategically addressing demand while showing creativity has been key to its rise in a competitive landscape. Beyond determination, Michael’s routine starts at 5:00 a.m., with his days consisting of school followed by long hours at his storage place. Despite challenges, he puts family first. Inspired by figures such as Steve Jobs, Michael focuses on growth, always looking for ways to improve his company. Hiring friends and professionals has expanded operations, showing his managerial skills within a growing business. 4. What primarily drives Michael’s business success? A. Unique market demands. B. School project requirements. C. Personal passion and creativity. D. Financial pressure from family. 5. What challenge did Michael face in his early business stage? A. Lack of enough funds. B. Limited product demand. C. Legal conflicts over patents. D. Balancing school and work. 6. Why did SoleFully’s products stand out in the market? A. They filled a gap in the market. B. They used cutting-edge technologies. C. They adopted budget-friendly prices. D. They learned from inspirational figures. 7. How does Michael manage his expanding business operations? A. Through strict cost-cutting. B. By hiring skilled team members. C. By purchasing advanced equipment. D. By focusing mainly on online sales. C A Yale-led study warns that global climate change may have a destructive effect on many butterfly populations worldwide, turning their species-rich mountain habitats from shelters into traps. Think of it as the “butterfly effect” — the idea that something as tiny as a butterfly moving its wings can eventually cause a big event like a hurricane — the opposite way around. The new study, published in the journal Nature Ecology and Evolution, also suggests that a lack of comprehensive global data about insects may leave conservationists and policymakers ill-prepared to mitigate biodiversity loss from climate change for a wide range of insect species. For the study, a team co-led by Yale ecologist Walter Jetz analyzed phylogenetic (系统发育的) and geographic range data for more than 12,000 butterfly species worldwide. They found that butterfly diversity is highly grouped in tropical and subtropical mountain systems: two-thirds of butterfly species live mainly in the mountains, which contain 3. 5 times more butterfly hotspots than lowlands. Yet those mountain ecosystems and surrounding areas are quickly changing as a result of climate change. According to the study, 64% of the specific temperature conditions for butterflies in tropical areas will disappear by 2070, as the unique temperature ranges in mountain regions continue to decrease. Current priorities in biodiversity preservation the researchers note, are aimed at animals and plants, rather than insects. Until now, a global assessment of the geographic coincidence (分布特征) of diversity, rarity, and climate change threats for an insect system did not exist. The new assessment shows that patterns in butterfly diversity differ strongly from those of much better studied groups such as birds and mammals — challenging the relevance of existing conservation priorities, the researchers said. “The diversity, elegance, and beauty of butterflies excite people all over the world,” said Jetz, a professor. “Butterflies live with plants and help maintain the balance of nature,” he added. “Unfortunately, our first global assessment of butterfly diversity and threats finds that butterflies fascinating adaptation to higher-elevation (较高海拔的) environments might now lead to their extinction, with potentially thousands of species committed to extinction from global warming this century.” 8. What does the underlined word “mitigate” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Increase. B. Reduce. C. Prevent. D. Ignore. 9. Why do mountain systems become a threat to butterflies? A. They are experiencing rapid climate shifts. B. They provide inadequate food sources. C Their temperatures become unstable. D. Their developing patterns change. 10. Why does the study challenge existing conservation frameworks? A. Policy timelines mismatch extinction rates. B. Insect data is contradictory to climate predictions. C. Traditional models ignore elevational adaptations. D. Shared areas with bird or mammal habitats decreases. 11. Which of the following statements would Jetz agree with? A. Butterflies’ adaptability helps their living. B. Ecosystem dependence enlarges climate threats. C. Public liking effectively stops butterfly extinction. D. High-elevation habitats make sure future species safety. D Recently, many countries have made great progress in space exploration. In 2024, China’s Chang’e-6 mission landed on the dark side of the moon and collected rocks containing helium-3, a special gas that could provide clean energy for future moon bases. At the same time, NASA is setting up a moon base. They want to test new ways to live there, like making homes with 3D printers and reusing water. This will help when we go to Mars someday. Private companies like SpaceX are also helping. They cut rocket launch costs by 70%. Now, universities can send small satellites to study Earth’s changes. An exciting discovery was made on Mars. NASA’s rover (探测车) found large amounts of ice below Mars’ surface—important for making air and rocket fuel. However, long-term space living has challenges. Space travel is dangerous due to radiation, which can harm astronauts. Also, there’s lots of space junk around Earth that can damage satellites. In 2025, Japan launched a satellite to destroy small space junk. The EU will send a mission to collect larger junk with nets. Countries working together leads to big discoveries China and Russia will build a moon research station by 2035. They will study moon soil to see if plants can grow there. India’s AdityaL1 satellite works with NASA to watch solar storms. More people are getting interested in space. NASA’s “Mars VR” program lets students explore Mars and learn about its rocks. Some people question if spending so much on space is worth it. Around $150 billion is spent every year. They say this money could help poor people or fight climate change. But space research has given us useful things too. MRI machines in hospitals came from space technology. Ways to clean water in dry areas were also learned from space. As we explore space, we need to balance it with Earth’s needs. 12. What is a possible benefit of helium-3 for lunar exploration? A. It can help in medical research. B. It can be used for satellite production. C. It can aid in plant farming on the moon. D. It can provide clean energy for moon bases. 13. What is the difference between Japan’s and the EU’s space cleanup mission? A. Ways to decrease space junk. B. Their energy-saving approaches. C. Ways to avoid harmful radiation. D. The number of countries involved. 14. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Star travel will solve humanity’s future challenges. B. Space exploration wastes resources needed on Earth. C. Balancing space exploration and Earth’s needs is key. D. Space technology benefits medical and environmental fields. 15. How is the text organized? A. Question-explanation-suggestion. B. Theory-practice-evaluation. C. Achievement-problem-solution. D. Situation-response-result. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Our cultural traditions are a vital part of our identity and help us connect with our roots. ____16____ By preserving our cultural traditions, we can pass down our values, beliefs, and customs to future generations, ensuring that our history is not forgotten. In the digital age, it is more important than ever to preserve our cultural traditions. Technology has made it easier to share information and connect with people from all over the world. ____17____ As digital platforms become more popular in our daily lives, there is a risk that traditional practices and customs may be lost or forgotten. However technology can also be a powerful tool for preserving our cultural traditions. ____18____ Social media platforms and online communities can also be used to promote cultural events, celebrations, and practices, reaching a wider audience and encouraging participation. ____19____ For example, the lack of awareness and support for cultural preservation efforts poses a significant challenge to preserving our traditions. Many cultural practices are at risk of extinction. It is necessary for governments, organizations, and individuals to work together to protect and promote our cultural heritage. Preserving our cultural traditions has numerous benefits. By maintaining our cultural heritage, we can develop a sense of identity, belonging, and pride in our roots. Furthermore, preserving our cultural traditions can have a positive impact on our mental health and well-being. ____20____ A. It plays a key role in shaping who we are. B. Our cultural heritage is a reflection of our identity. C. Cultural practices reduce stress and improve quality of life. D. Preserving cultural traditions is crucial but challenging. E. They provide us with a sense of belonging and pride in our heritage. F. But it has also posed challenges to preserving our cultural heritage. G. Online museums and virtual exhibitions can globally document and share cultural heritage. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was during 7th grade, on the school’s path outside our classrooms. Two classes had gathered to play a game. I was ___21___ to join, but a classmate refused to let me play on her team. Her ___22___ was enough to make someone feel useless. It was a painful ___23___, enough to hurt my heart deeply. This wasn’t the ___24___ time I felt this way. In school, at home, everywhere, I felt down, ashamed, and worthless. Then life gave me a ___25___ small gift — one tiny encouragement that had a(n) ___26___ effect, bringing huge changes to my life. It happened one day in 9th grade. I’d always struggled with English and often felt down about my abilities. So when I ___27___ scored high on an important test, it surprised everyone, especially my teacher. I’d studied hard, but my ___28___ was sudden and unexpected. My teacher’s praise became the first drop of rain, bringing fresh hope and energy. She appreciated my work and ___29___ my spirits with a pat on the cheek. This moment would later ____30____ how small acts of kindness can change someone’s world. That moment ____31____ me up like electricity — it became a push to ____32____ my efforts, causing me to rethink things, driving me to try my hardest to do well in every subject. I remember my teacher’s words: “Seeing such bright kids makes my heart fill with pleasure.” I decided to ____33____ to my teacher’s support, warmth, and understanding with even greater progress. I started seeing things differently, and one idea ____34____ me: Kindness is a ____35____, not weakness. Speaking gently shouldn’t be seen as weakness. 21. A. embarrassed B. scared C. surprised D. excited 22. A. rejection B. principle C. judge D. review 23. A. reaction B. moment C. process D. treatment 24. A. anxious B. various C. single D. typical 25. A. precious B. moral C. sensitive D. harmonious 26 A. graceful B. advanced C. magical D. professional 27. A. naturally B. accidentally C. gradually D. easily 28. A. pride B. happiness C. surprise D. improvement 29. A. believed B. lifted C. understood D. felt 30. A. recall B. figure C. illustrate D. compare 31. A. charged B. built C. picked D. woke 32. A. care for B. adapt to C. figure out D. keep up 33. A. appeal B. respond C. turn D. stick 34. A. stuck with B. caught up C. showed off D. came across 35. A. trend B. mission C. recognition D. virtue 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 American YouTuber IShowSpeed, also ___36___ (refer) to as Hyperthyroidism Brother (甲亢哥), visited China in March 2025, attracting significant attention. With 37 million followers, he is famous for his ___37___ (energy) live streams. His trip started in Shanghai, ___38___ he livestreamed to millions of viewers. He then visited the Forbidden City and learned some Chinese martial arts in Beijing. IShowSpeed’s trip was ___39___ (wide) covered by Chinese media. His live streams caused lively discussions among netizens (网民). A good part was his visit to Henan’s Fuxi Mountain. He attempted the “Cloud Ladder”, and he kept saying “Oh my god!” as he climbed. The climbing was more exciting than anything he ___40___ (experience) before. What’s more, IShowSpeed ___41___ (amaze) by China’s high-speed trains, praising their smooth rides and strong Internet. His chats with locals and willingness ___42___ (try) new things impressed Chinese viewers. Many called him a “true friend” who respects their culture. His trip also helped show China’s modern cities and rich culture to the world. A video of him ___43___ (sing) a Chinese song, Sunshine Rainbow Little White Horse, became very popular. Chinese officials expressed ___44___ grateful they were to him for bridging cultures and changing wrong ideas about China. With his energy and honesty, IShowSpeed has become ____45____ unexpected cultural ambassador, making global youth see China in a fresh, friendly light. His journey proves that fun and respect can connect different worlds. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 最近，你们班组织了一场讨论，主题是“高中生是否应该学习理财”。根据下表所提供的信息，介绍讨论情况，并说明自己的观点。 支持 反对 你的观点 1.管好零花钱 2.学习生活技能 1.挤占学习时间 2.过早引发焦虑 …… 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头语已为你写好； 4.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Recently, our class held a discussion about whether high school students should learn financial management. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Time sure flies! My grandma’s 80th birthday was coming up. My family had been talking about having a big party for her. But Grandma wasn’t happy about it. The closer her birthday got, the more upset she became. She didn’t want to eat, didn’t feel like talking, and sometimes even got angry for no reason. One morning, my parents went to Grandma’s room. She was sitting there, looking really sad. My mom tried to cheer her up and said, “Mom, we got your favorite birthday cake!” But Grandma became angry. She hit the floor with her cane and said, “I hate cake! It’s too sweet!” Seeing Grandma get angry again, my mom felt worried and sad. She stepped back and gave my dad a look that said, “Help!” My dad quickly stepped forward and said, “Okay, Mom. No cake. What gift do you want? We’ll get it for you!” Grandma said, “Forget it. I don’t want anything.” My parents didn’t know what to do and left the room. Just then, I walked up and held my parents’ hands. I said, “Dad, Mom, I think I know what Grandma really wants. Don’t worry. I’ll make sure she has a happy birthday!” I started working on my “special surprise” without telling anyone. Grandma’s birthday finally arrived. My parents prepared a big meal. There was a cake shaped like a peach with “Happy Birthday” on it. There were also lots of dishes — meat, fish, eggs, and long noodles. They were all Grandma’s favorites. But she still didn’t look happy and had no appetite. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, the doorbell rang and familiar voices called out, “Mom!” and “Grandma!” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After hearing my uncle’s words, my grandma turned to me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$