期末复习之高频词汇与短语 2024-2025学年人教版（2012）八年级英语下册

八下英语期末复习之高频词汇与短语 1、 分单元高频词汇 Unit 1-2（主题：环境与社会） pollute v. 污染 名词形式：pollution（不可数） afford v. 负担得起 常接不定式：afford to do sth interview n./v. 采访 manage v. 设法完成；管理 manage to do = succeed in doing reduce v. 减少 反义词：increase Unit 3-4（主题：历史与探索） ancient adj. 古代的 ≠ old（泛指旧的） treasure n. 宝藏；珍品 不可数名词 succeed v. 成功 名词：success remind v. 提醒；使想起 remind sb of sth cancel v. 取消 过去式：canceled（美）/cancelled（英） Unit 5-6（主题：情感与关系） against prep. 反对；靠着 反义词：for（支持） brave adj. 勇敢的 名词：bravery silence n. 沉默 in silence（沉默地） trust v./n. 信任 trust sb to do sth support v./n. 支持 give support to sb 二、高频短语分类 1. 动词短语（Phrasal Verbs） 短语 含义 例句 易错点 run out of 用完 We ran out of milk yesterday. 主语是人，无被动语态 take after 长相/性格像（长辈） She takes after her mother in looks. ≠ look like（仅外貌） give away 捐赠；泄露 He gave away his old clothes to charity. give away secrets cheer up （使）振作 The funny movie cheered her up. cheer sb up 2. 介词短语（Prepositional Phrases） 短语 含义 例句 be used to 习惯于（后接名词/doing） He is used to getting up early. look forward to 期待（后接名词/doing） I look forward to your reply. belong to 属于 This book belongs to the library. 3. 其他实用短语 短语 含义 例句 have trouble (in) doing 做某事有困难 She had trouble solving the math problem. make a difference 有影响；起作用 Your help can make a difference. 三、易混淆词汇辨析 1. borrow vs. lend borrow（借入）：主语是“借入者” → I borrowed a book from the library. lend（借出）：主语是“借出者” → Can you lend me your pen? 2. say vs. tell vs. speak say：强调内容（+直接引语/从句） → She said, "I'm tired." tell：强调对象（+人） → Tell me the truth. speak：强调语言或正式讲话 → He speaks French fluently. 3.rise vs. raise rise（vi. 上升）：主语自己上升 → The sun rises in the east. raise（vt. 举起）：需接宾语 → Raise your hand if you know the answer. 四、词汇记忆技巧 1.词根词缀法 re-（重新）：recycle, reduce, remind -tion（名词后缀）：pollution, action, education 2.情境造句 将新词汇融入日常句子（例：I support the idea of recycling to reduce waste.） 3.分类记忆 环境类：pollute, protect, recycle 情感类：trust, brave, silence 巩固练习： 用短语填空： After the exam, I __________ (期待) the summer vacation. （答案：look forward to） 选择正确词汇： The teacher asked us to (rise/raise) our hands. （答案：raise） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$