必修第1册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS-【金版教程】2026年高考英语一轮复习解决方案全书word（经典版 人教版2019）

一　背记单词/词块

◎灾难

1．tornado   n.  龙卷风；旋风

2．drought   n.  旱灾

3．landslide   n. (山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡

4．tsunami   n.  海啸

5．flood   n.  洪水

6．volcanic eruption  火山喷发

7．magnitude   n. (地)震级；重大

8．typhoon   n.  台风

9．hurricane   n.  (尤指西大西洋的)飓风

◎影响

10．destroy vt. 毁灭

11．damage  n.  损坏

12．evacuate  vt.  疏散；撤出

13．crack   n.  裂纹

14．ruin  n．& vt.  破坏

15．trap   vt.  使落入险境　n. 陷阱

16．bury   vt.  埋葬；安葬

17．crash   vt.& vi.  碰撞

18．strike   vi.&  vt.  侵袭

◎救援

19．rescue  n．&  vt.  营救

20．helicopter   n.  直升机

21．shelter   n.  避难处；居所；庇护

22．effort   n.  努力

23．unify  vi.& vt.  统一；(使)成一体

24．supply   n.  供应

25．power n. 电力供应

26．calm   adj.  镇静的　vt. 使镇静

27．aid   n.  援助

28．kit  n.  成套工具；成套设备

29．first aid kit 急救箱

◎其他

30．slide vi.& vt. 滑行；滑动

31．gas  n.  气体；燃气；汽油

32．percent n.  百分之……

33．brick   n.  砖；砖块

34．metal   n.  金属

35．context   n.  上下文；语境；背景

36．tap  vi.&  vt.  轻叩；轻敲；轻拍

37．pipe   n.  管子

38．whistle  vi. 吹口哨　n. 哨子(声)

39．sweep  vt.& vi.  打扫；清扫

40．wave   vi.& vt.  挥手；招手

二　词形变化

1．disaster n. 灾难→disastrous  adj.  灾难性的

2．die v. 死亡→dead adj. 死的→deadly adj. 致命的→death n. 死亡

3．affect vt. 影响→affection n. 感情

4．shock n. 震惊　vt. (使)震惊→shocking adj. 令人震惊的→shocked adj. 感到震惊的

5．electric adj. 电的→electronic adj. 电子的→electricity n. 电

6．breathe vi.& vt. 呼吸→breath n. 呼吸→breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的；喘不过气来的→breathing n. 呼吸

7．revive   vt.& vi. 复活→revival  n.  振兴

8．wise adj. 明智的→wisdom n. 智慧

9．suffer vt. 遭受→suffering n. 痛苦→sufferer n. 患难者

10．volcano  n.  火山→volcanic  adj.  火山的→volcanically adv. 火山似地

11．erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆发→eruption n. 喷发

12．survive vi. 生存→survival n. 幸存→survivor n. 幸存者

13．emerge vi. 浮现→emergent adj. 紧急的→emergency n. 突发事件

14．deliver vt.& vi. 递送→delivery n. 投递

15．sum v. 概括→summarize  v.  总结→summary  n.  总结

16．effect n. 影响→effective  adj.  有效的→effectiveness n. 有效性

17．long adj. 长的→length n. 长度→lengthen v. 变长

1．People were shocked to see that the little girl was often beaten by her stepmother. The shocking news shocked  all the people around.(shock)

2．Mastering some basic skills would greatly increase your chances of surviving/survival. Thanks to the swimming skills, he and his friend succeeded in surviving the terrible flood and they were the only two survivors．(survive)

3．The deadly disease has affected many people and has caused at least 30 deaths up to now.(die)

4．Yesterday, I climbed the mountain top to breathe the fresh air. Although I became breathless when I was on the top, the breathing of fresh air was worth it. (breath)

5．As the days begin to lengthen in spring, we feel a longing for the warm sunshine and spend more time enjoying the increased length of daylight.(long)

6．The courier company promises to deliver your package on time, ensuring a reliable and efficient delivery service.(deliver)