3 4.语法部分-【暑假大串联】2024-2025学年八年级英语暑假作业教材衔接（译林版）

【能力提高】 places interest don't know 4.how -.1.recently 2.importance 3.clean- old made Pyramid 5.great fun all o- ing 4.married 5.mainly 6.facing ver the world 6.be careful too much 7.foreign 8.tourists'9.careless traffic 7.in the snow 8.fell down 10.sleepy 11.yourselves 12.causes luckily 9.is very interested in 10.is 13.foggy 14.danger 15.me necessary to protect 二、l.herself2.subject3.kinds 二、l.Both and2.how to3.takes 4.natural 5.member 6.about 7.pro- to practise 4.a great time 5.What is tect 8.part 9.call 10.email 6.different from 7.the most 8.the 2.短语部分 same as 9.not to cheat 10.without any- 【基础过关】 thing -1.at once 2.catch fire/be on fire 【能力提高】 3.a heavy storm 4.keep fit 5.remember 1.interest 2.better 3.Luckily everything correctly 6.in a great hurry 4.biggest 5.unhappy 6.foreigners 7.be alive 8.decide to do sth.9.try 7.yourself 8.visitors 9.sunny 10.dee- one's best 10.in fear 11.in the end per 12.not as...as 13.provide sth.for sb. 4.语法部分 14.make noise 15.as soon as possible 【基础过关】 二、1.(1)looked over(2)looking for -、1~5 AAACA6~9CCBA (3)look after (4)looked at 2.(1)along 二、l.prettier2.worst3.buildings (2)ahead 3.(1)gets (2)arrive (3)reach 4.herself 5.funny 6.winner 4.(1)On my way (2)By the way 7.leaves 8.himself 9.least 10.twice 5.(1)ill (2)sick 三、1.flew2.am3.going4.join 三、1~5 DBBDC 5.was watering 6.was working 7.cov- 【能力提高】 ers 8.will do 9.took 10.to save 1.living areas 2.kept working 【能力提高】 3.will have fun 4.spend drinking 1.live comfortably all year round/the 5.more than whole year 2.wears a smile looks very 二、l.takes care of2.At the beginning of happy 3.prevent/stop/keep farmers from 3.because of 4.at the age of 5.with- cutting down 4.has taken action out your help 6.to have a rest 7.got 5.gives her seat in need 6.provides excited 8.hand in 9.in the northern food and cover for 7.were running in all part of 10.take with directions 8.harvesting crops 9.live 3.句型部分 mainly on 10.as soon as possible 【基础过关】 四、八年级上册过关检测 -、1.took underground to World Park 2.is made of strong 3.over hundred -1.magazines 2.foreign 3.easily ·2第 一 部 分 夯 实 基 础 becoming more interested in Chinese culture. 7. James, help (you) to some salad. It􀆳s just behind you. 8. — How many (visit) come to Jingzhou every year? — More than one milion, I think. 9. It􀆳s a (sun) day, isn􀆳t it? Let􀆳s do something special. 10. The (deep) you are in un- derstanding, the better you􀆳l be in your work. 4. 语法部分 形容词和副词的比较级、最高级;祈使句 的构成;反身代词的用法;情态动词 may的 用法;动词不定式在动词后的用法;五种基本 句型;过去进行时。这些语法是本册书上出 现的,也是中考必考语法点。一般出现在单 项选择、完形填空、用所给单词的适当形式填 空、翻译等题型中。 1. 联系上下文,理解句意。 2. 句子的时态分析很重要,要找出句中 的时间,有些暗含在句中。 3. 一定要归纳以上语法在用法上的规 律,进而灵活地运用。 一、 形容词的比较级和最高级 1. 形容词有原级、比较级和最高级三种 形式。 2. 形容词构成比较级和最高级的规则: (1)大多数词后直接加“er”构成比较 级;加“est”构成最高级。 smal→smaler→smalest (2)以“e”结尾的形容词直接加“r”和 “st”构成比较级和最高级。 large→larger→largest (3)末尾以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭 音节词要双写最后一个辅音字母再 加“er”和“est”构成比较级和最高级。 thin→thinner→thinnest (4)以辅音字母加“y”结尾的形容词 一般变“y”为“i”再加“er”和“est” 构成比较级和最高级。 happy→happier→happiest (5)特殊的形容词的比较级和最高级。 good—better—best bad—worse—worst little—less—least many/much—more—most 二、 副词的比较级和最高级 1. 副词的比较级和最高级的构成 副词和形容词一样,也有原级、比较 级和最高级三个等级。其构成比较 级和最高级的方式有规则变化和不 规则变化两种情况。规则变化的一 般规律是:单音节词的比较级和最高 级在词尾加-er和-est; 多音节词和 以-ly结尾的副词(early除外),前面 须加more和most。 (1)规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 soon sooner soonest 81 第 一 部 分 夯 实 基 础 happilymore happilymost happily (2)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 wel better best badly worse worst little less least much more most far farther/ further farthest/ furthest 2. 副词的比较级的用法 (1)单独使用: Try to do better next time. 下次争取干好一点。 He􀆳l come back sooner or later. 他迟早会回来的。 Please speak more slowly. 请讲慢一点。 (2)和than一起使用: He swims better than I do. 他游泳游得比我好。 He works less than he used to. 他工作的时间比以前少了。 (3)比较级前可有状语修饰: You must work much faster. 你必须大大加快干活的速度。 She could dance even more gracefuly than a dancer. 她甚至能比舞蹈演员跳得更美。 三、 祈使句的用法 祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、劝告或建 议等语气的句子。它的主语多是you(通常 不明确表示出来)。 祈使句的构成特点: 祈使句可分为肯定、否定两种形式。肯 定形式的祈使句由动词原形开头。 1. 连系动词 + 表语(如:形容词、名词 等)。例如: Keep quiet! 保持安静! Be a good student! 要做一名好学生! 2. 行为动词开头。例如: Open the door! 打开门吧! Come here! 到这儿来! 祈使句否定形式的构成是一律在肯 定形式的祈使句之前加上don􀆳t/do not。例如: Don􀆳t go there alone! 不要一个人去 那里! Don􀆳t be late for class again! 别再 上课迟到! 3. 在祈使句中加上please。 在 祈 使 句 中 加 上 please 可 构 成 “Please...”或“..., please.”句式, please使句子语气显得更委婉、礼 貌。此时祈使句的否定形式应变为 “Please don􀆳t...”或 “Don􀆳t..., please.”。例如: Please give the book to me. /Give the book to me, please. 请把那本书 给我。 Please don􀆳t play with fire. /Don􀆳t play with fire, please. 请别玩火。 4. 用let构成祈使句,其否定句式也是 “Don􀆳t let...”。 由let构成的肯定式的祈使句句型为: Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他.。 例如: Let me have a good rest. 让我好好 休息一下。 以let引起的祈使句的否定形式,要 视其在意思上否定了什么来决定。 如否定let,则用 Don􀆳t let...句式; 如否定let后面的省略了to的不定 91 第 一 部 分 夯 实 基 础 式,则在不定式前加not,即用“Let + 宾语 + not+ 动词原形 + 其 他.”句式。例如: Don􀆳t let the children play footbal on the road. 不要让孩子们在马路上踢球。 Let􀆳s not wait outside the door. 咱们别在门外等。 5. 在祈使句的肯定式前加do。 在祈使句的肯定式前加do可起强调 作用,意为“务必; 一定”等。例如: Do come, please! 请一定来! Do tel her the thing. 务必告诉她 此事。 四、 五种基本句型 1. 主语+不及物动词(S+V) 2. 主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O) 3. 主语+系动词+表语(S+Link-verb +P) 4. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足 语(S+V+DO+OC) 5. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接 宾语(S+V+IO+DO) 五、 过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行 的动作。 过去进行时的注意点: 1. 过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发 生时或发生之后,另一个过去的动作 正在进行。 2. 过去进行时还可以表示两个过去的 动 作 同 时 进 行,这 时 可 用 连 词 “while”引导。 3. 当两个延续性动作同时进行时,我们 可在两个句子中都用过去进行时,并 用“while”连接。 4. 当两个动作一个动作时间长,一个动 作时间短,长时间的动作用过去进行 时,短时间的动作用一般过去时。 典型例题 ( )1. My son is only 12 years old, but he is in our family. He grows so fast. A. tal B. taler C. talest D. the talest 【答案】 D 【解析】 考查最高级的用法。句意:我儿子 仅有12岁,但是他在我们家是最高的,他长 得太快了。由句意及比较范围in our family 可知本句应该用最高级;最高级talest之前 须用定冠词the。故选D。 ( )2. — Alan! Why are you so late? — Sorry! When I home, I met one of my old friends. A. went B. am walking C. has gone D. was walking 【答案】 D 【解 析】 考 查 过 去 进 行 时 的 用 法。句 意:———艾伦,你 为 什 么 这 么 晚? ———对 不 起! 当我 家时,我遇到一位老朋友。 由空后的 met可推知前句要用过去时,且分 析句意可知:当我正在步行回家的时候,我遇 到一位老朋友,此处表达的是过去正在进行 的动作,要用过去进行时。故选D。 一、 单项选择。 ( )1. I am sorry this coat is not big 02 第 一 部 分 夯 实 基 础 enough. I want a one. A. bigger B. big C. smaler D. smal ( )2. The weather is becoming . A. hotter and hotter B. more hot and hot C. hoter and hoter D. more and more hot ( )3. Most students spend too much time computer games. A. playing B. play C. plays D. played ( )4. Don􀆳t worry. We􀆳re old enough to look after . A. myself B. me C. ourselves D. us ( )5. play with fire. with fire is dangerous. A. Don􀆳t; Playing B. Not; Playing C. Don􀆳t; Play D. Not to; To play ( )6. — My aunt said she caled you yesterday morning, but there was no answer. — Oh, we were at home. Maybe my husband with my daughter and me my car in the garden. A. were washing B. had washed C. was washing D. washed ( )7. “Farmers harvest crops.” The structure of this sentence is . A. S+V B. S+V+P C. S+V+O D. S+V+IO+DO ( )8. This morning Mum said to me, “It􀆳s going to rain. Don􀆳t forget a raincoat.” A. to bring B. to take C. bringing D. taking ( )9. This kind of computer looks and sels in the shop. A. nice; wel B. good; good C. nicely; wel D. good; nice 二、 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. This picture is (pretty) than that one. 2. Mike did (badly) in his les- sons in his class. 3. There are many beautiful (build) in the modern city. 4. Mum taught (she) how to use a computer at home. 5. Max looks very (fun) in that hat. 6. Jenny is the (win) of the competition. 7. The red (leaf) on the Fra- grant Hils are very pretty. 8. He taught (he) French. He is very smart. 9. Of the three students, Kitty has the (little) bread. 10. We should brush our teeth at least (two) a day. 三、 根据句意,用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. A little bird (fly) in through the open window and she 12 第 一 部 分 夯 实 基 础 set it free at once. 2. Not only Jane and Mary but also I (be) good at Physics this term. 3. It is quite fine today! How about (go) climbing this after- noon? 4. You􀆳d better (join) in some activities after school. 5. Jason didn􀆳t hear the ring, for he (water) the flowers in the back yard. 6. My father (work) on the farm when I got home yesterday. 7. The reserve (cover) an are- a of 4,530 square kilometres. 8. — Amy, could you help me cut the meat? I want to make some dumplings for dinner. — OK. I (do) it right away. 9. — Frank, you look worried. Anything wrong? — Wel, I (take) a test and I􀆳m waiting for the result. 10. Squirrels always remember (save) some food before winter comes. 根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子。 1. 史密斯一家人全年舒服地生活在东台。 The Smiths in Dongtai . 2. 米莉脸上总是带着微笑,看上去很开心。 Milie always on her face and . 3. 我们应阻止农民们砍伐森林,拯救野 生动物。 We should for- ests to save wild animals. 4. 政府已经采取措施禁止酒后开车了。 The government to stop people from driv- ing after drinking. 5. 贝蒂在公共汽车上总是把她的座位 让给有需要的人。 Betty always to someone on the bus. 6. 这个保护区为一些珍稀鸟类提供食 物和庇护所。 The reserve some rare birds. 7. 当玻璃碎片和砖块往下掉的时候,人 们正朝四面八方跑。 People while pieces of glass and bricks were faling down. 8. 当白天变短,气温下降时,农民忙于 收获庄稼。 Farmers are busy as the days are shorter and the temper- ature drops. 9. 南方人主要以大米为主食。 People in the south rice. 10. 请尽快给我回信。 Please write back to me . 22