Unit 5 The Value of Money 核心词汇导学案-2024-2025学年高中英语高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

Unit5核心词汇 1.basis n．基础；根据；基点(复数为bases)　base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础　n．底部；根据　based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的　basic adj.基础的；基本的　basically adv.大体上；基本上 (教材原句)Is money the basis of a happy life？(P50) 拓展： on the basis of 在某事的基础上；根据某事 on a regular basis定期地；经常地 base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上 be based on...以……为基础/依据 单句语法填空 ①_________(base) on your own personal taste, you'll be able to choose a room. ② ________ the basis of those facts, we can safely draw the following conclusion. ③Jack can earn enough money to meet his family's ________(base) needs. 完成句子 ④他的小说是以他在一所大学学习时的亲身经历为基础写成的。 His story _______________ his own experiences when he was studying in a university. ⑤我们是在实验的基础上得出这个结论的。 We drew this conclusion _______________ experiments. 6　 (2024·全国甲卷)Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural populations with ___________(basis)medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. 7　 翻译：门票将按先到先得的原则出售。 Tickets will be sold on a first-come, first-served___________ 2.apologise (also apologize) vi.道歉；谢罪apology n．道歉；(因不能赴会或提前离会的)致歉 （教材原句）Wang Zheng apologised to Chen...(P50) 拓展 apologise to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉 apologise to sb. that...向某人道歉 make an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉 owe sb. an apology for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而应向某人道歉 单句语法填空 ①I took your notebook by mistake—I owe you ________ apology. ②If you write the wrong name, respond quickly and briefly, ________ (apologise) for your mistake. ③We all agreed that he should apologise to his deskmate ________ his bad behaviour. 5　 I think I owe you an apology ________ the damage I have done to your bicycle, so now I________ to you for my bad behaviour and I sincerely hope you can ________________(接受我的道歉) and compensation. 6　 我写信为下周末不能和你一起游览北京而道歉。 I'm writing you the letter to ______________________________ able to pay a visit to Beijing with you next weekend. 3.in return作为回报；作为回应(不接宾语) (教材原句)...should we expect to get something in return？(P51) 拓展 in return for＝in reward for作为对……的回报 in turn依次；反过来 by turns轮流 单句语法填空 ①I wish I could do something in return ________ the kindness I have received from him. ②If we smile at life, life will smile on us ________ return. 翻译句子 ③顾客表扬了经理，经理转而表扬了员工。 ———————————————————————————————— 4.judge vt.& vi.评价；评判；判断　n．法官；审判员；裁判员　judgement n．判决；看法；意见；判断力 （教材原句）Should we judge people based on how much money they have？(P51) 拓展 judge ...from/by...从……来判断…… judging from/by...根据……判断；鉴于 as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为 in one's judgement 在某人看来 make a judgement on/about...对……做出判断 温馨提示： judging from/by...置于句首作状语。v.-ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成分。有类似用法的词或短语还有：generally speaking “一般来说”；frankly/honestly speaking；“坦白地说”；considering...“考虑到……”等。 单句语法填空 ①You will be among the _________(judge) to be praised. ②It's difficult _________(judge) how long the journey will take. ③He showed excellent _________(judge) in choosing a friend. 4　 (2023·全国甲卷)What we discovered is that it's unwise to judge what you eat only ________ its appearance. 5　 翻译：正如古老谚语所说，“不能以貌取人。” _________________________________________________________________ 6　 ___________________________(从他的话来看)，he was confident to win the first prize in the Chinese Character Dictation Contest. 7　 ___________________________(据我判断)，he is sure to come. 5.scene n．(戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面；景色 （教材原句）Read the scene and answer the questions.(P52) 拓展 on the scene 在现场 behind the scene 在幕后 appear/come on the scene 出场 词义辨析 scene/scenery/sight/view ①scene指某一处的自然风光。也指景象，动态或静态的场面。 ②scenery(总称)自然景物，天然风光，是由多个scene构成的自然风景。 ③sight景象，风景，名胜。侧重值得看的事物或很难看的东西和很可笑的事物；也指视力，眼界。 ④view景色，风景。侧重从人所处的角度(从远处或高处)所看到的景色。 单句语法填空 ①I will never forget the scene _________ I stepped onto the stage and collected the first prize in the debating competition. ②He was_________ the scene when the accident happened. ③Such decisions are made _________ the scenes，without public knowledge. 翻译句子 ④球队的胜利使全国上下出现一派欢乐的场面。 ________________________________________________ ⑤医护人员迅速赶到出事地点，实施救援。 ________________________________________________ 6.spot vt.看见；注意到；发现　n．地点；处所；斑点；污迹　spotted adj.有花点的；有斑点的 （教材原句）The next morning I was spotted by a ship.(P52) 拓展： spot sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事 be spotted by...被……发现；被……认出来 on the spot(＝on the scene) 当场；在现场；立即 a spot of 少量；一点 be spotted with...满是……斑点；被……点缀 温馨提示： spot作“地点”讲，用作定语从句的先行词时，从句如果缺少状语则用where引导定语从句，从句如果缺少主语或宾语则用that/which引导定语从句。 单句语法填空 ①The young man, who was the only person _________the spot, was told to write down what he saw. ②He was dressed in a coat, which was spotted _________ stars. 3　 (2023·全国乙卷)I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being __________(在现场) only five minutes before the best moment. 4　 一词多义 David is very tall，so he is easy to spot in a crowd. _________ This is an ideal spot for having a picnic. _________ The windscreen was spotted with mud. _________ 7.patience n．耐心；忍耐力；毅力　patient adj.有耐心的；能忍耐的 n．病人；患者　patiently adv.耐心地；有毅力地　impatient adj.没有耐心的 （教材原句）Patience.(P52) 拓展 out of/with patience没有耐心/耐心地 have the/no/little patience with sb.对某人有/没有/几乎没有耐心 lose/run out of patience with sb.对某人失去耐心 be patient with...对……有耐心 单句语法填空 ①Like building a house, learning English takes some time.So don't be ____________(patient)． ②Fishing is a hobby which calls for a great deal of ____________(patient)． ③Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out ____________ patience. ④After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove.I waited ____________ (patient) until the oil was hot. 5　 (2024·全国甲卷)Prof.Gracie, with all his______________(patient) , asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. 6　 Seeing their frustrated faces，the father helped them prepare breakfast for their mother ________________________(耐心地) . 7　 一句多译：她耐心地聆听我，并且温柔地拍打我的后背。(动作描写) She listened to me ____________and patted me on the back tenderly. →She listened to me ____________and patted me on the back tenderly. 8.be about to do sth.即将或正要(做某事) （教材原句）Yes, I was about to go get the letter.(P52) 拓展 be about to do...when... ＝be on the point of doing...when...正要做某事这时…… be doing...when...正在做……这时…… had (just) done sth. when...刚做完某事这时…… 单句语法填空 ①(2022·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)Henry_________(fix)his car when he heard the screams. ②When I was about_________(say) goodbye, the girl asked if I'd had lunch. ③We had just finished our meal _________ there was a loud knock at the door. 4　 (2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)When I__________(正要) give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. 5　 翻译：我正在河边散步，突然听到有人在呼救。 ______________________________________________________________ ●重点句型 （教材原句）1.About a month ago，I was sailing，and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.(P52) (1)find oneself...发现某人自己处于某种境地，而且含有“在不知不觉中……”的意思。 (2)“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构： find＋宾语＋ (3)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do(it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语) 单句语法填空 ①When he went out of the room, he found a little girl _________(walk) in the rain. ②When he came to himself，he found himself _________(lock)in the room. 完成句子 ③这两个女孩长得很像，陌生人很难把她们区分开。 The two girls are so alike that strangers _____________________ （教材原句）2.And it was the ship that brought you to England.(P52) 强调结构是英语中最常使用的句型之一，其构成形式是：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。在本结构中，it无意义。若原句属于现在或将来时态范畴，系动词用is；若原句属于过去时态范畴，系动词用was。 (1) (2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)In a word, it was not just an art class；it was a moment of connection with nature _________I truly cherished. (2) _________was Mom who taught me we should never take for granted the very things that most deserve our gratitude. (3) 翻译句子 ①正是老师的鼓励才使我取得了如此大的进步。 _______________________________________________________________ ②每年正是颐和园、故宫博物院和长城吸引着来自世界各地的大量游客来到北京。 _______________________________________________________________ ③直到生病了我才意识到健康的重要性。 _______________________________________________________________ 9.intention n．打算；计划；意图；目的　intend v．想要；打算；意欲　intended adj.意欲达到的；打算的；计划的 拓展 with the intention/aim of为了；以……为目的；意图 intend doing/to do sth.打算/想要做某事 intend sb. to do sth.计划让某人做某事 be intended for/to do...为……打算(或设计)的 be intended to do sth.打算做某事 单句语法填空 ①The journey _____________(intend) to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. ②(2022·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended _____________(provide) stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 完成句子 ③我经常想知道，一些无意购买的人是否会利用这一特权。 I have often wondered whether some people, who _____________making a purchase, would take advantage of this privilege. ④本周日，我们学校举办了一场激动人心的和令人印象深刻的比赛，旨在提高我们的阅读能力。 This Sunday saw the thrilling and impressive competition held by our school _____________improving our reading ability. 10.hesitate vi. 犹豫；迟疑；顾虑　hesitation n．踌躇；犹豫；迟疑　hesitant adj.犹豫的 （教材原句）Why does the owner think Henry hesitates to pay the bill？(P55) 拓展 hesitate about/over (doing) sth.对(做)某事犹豫不决 hesitate to do sth.犹豫做某事 without hesitation毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事 Mary was hesitant _____________buying the beautiful skirt.When her husband saw her expectant eyes, he bought it ____________________(毫不犹豫) 单句语法填空 ①She hesitated _______________the choice between the two coats. ②Please do not hesitate _______________(contact) me if you require more information. ③After a slight _______________(hesitate)，I asked if he could help me find my lost watch. 句型转换 ④If you have questions, do ask us for help without hesitation. →If you have questions, _______________ ask us for help. →If you have questions, _______________ asking us for help. 11.manner n．举止；行为方式；方法；[pl.]礼貌；礼仪 （教材原句）in a rude manner(P56) 拓展 in a．.. manner用一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子 table manners餐桌礼仪 it is good/bad manners to do sth.做某事是有/没有礼貌的 单句语法填空 ①They were working____________ an orderly manner. ②It's good manners __________(offer) seats to the people in need on the bus. ③It's bad __________(manner) to stare at others. 完成句子 ④Only________________________________________(用这种方式) can the financial crisis of the company be solved. ⑤It is __________(不礼貌) to talk with your finger pointing at another person. 12.in case以防；以防万一 （教材原句）In that case, there's no problem.(P56) 拓展 in case of万一……，如果发生……(后接单词或短语) in that/this case既然那样/这样；在那种/这种情况下；如果是那样/这样的话 in any case无论如何，不管怎样 in no case决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装) as is often the case这是常有的事 单句语法填空 ①The fireman held Peter's arm strongly __________ case he went there. ②In case__________ fire, we should stay calm and leave as quickly as possible. ③ __________ is often the case, the old man runs down the street from his house. 句式升级 ④I shall in no case forget the expression on her face. → ____________________ I forget the expression on her face.(倒装) 13.option n．可选择的事物；选择(＝choice)；选择权　optional adj.可选择的；选修的 (教材原句) In another part of the shop, where there is a wide range of options for Henry to choose from.(P56) 拓展 have no option but to (do) sth.除(做)某事外别无选择 have the option of doing sth.有做某事的选择 optional courses选修课程 单句语法填空 ①(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)That means you have tons of less-visited____________(option) to choose from. ②English is compulsory for all students, but art and music are __________ (option)． ③He had no option but__________(agree) to his plan to increase the investment. 翻译句子 ④互联网增加了音乐爱好者的选择。 ______________________________________ ⑤上选修课可以充实我们的头脑。 ______________________________________ 14.broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的；广泛的　broaden vt.变宽；扩大；增长 (教材原句) with a broad smile(P56) 拓展 broaden one's horizons/view 拓宽某人的视野 broaden/increase one's knowledge 扩充某人的知识 完成句子 ①她获得了广泛的中西医知识。 She____________________________________both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. ②人们普遍认为阅读增长我们的知识，拓宽我们的视野。 It is universally acknowledged that ______________________________________ ③(2024·北京卷)The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a _________(broad) range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. 15.be willing to do sth.愿意或乐意做某事 （教材原句）Why would the owner be willing to wait for a long time to get paid？(P57) 拓展 willingly adv.欣然地；愿意地；乐意地 willingness n．乐意；心甘情愿 unwilling adj.不愿意的；不情愿的；勉强的 be unwilling to do sth.不愿意或不乐意做某事 单句语法填空 ①They are willing ___________(invest) more money in the project. ②He is ___________(willing) to sell his souvenirs at such a low price. ③His lack of experience is balanced by a ___________(willing) to learn. ④He listened to the reasons and ___________(willing) accepted his parents' opinions. 5　 翻译：当然，有些问题她不乐意回答。 __________________________________________________________ 6　 (2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)If you're willing____________(apply) yourself, I think you have a good shot at this. 16.permission n. 准许；许可；批准；许可证　permit vt.& vi.允许；准许；使有可能 (教材原句) Yes, I'd love to...with your permission.Thank you, Miss.(P58) 拓展 ask for (one's) permission请求(某人的)允许 with/without (one's) permission经过/未经(某人的)允许 permit sb to do sth.允许某人做某事 permit (doing) sth.允许(做)某事 be permitted to do sth.被允许做某事 单句语法填空 ①She had asked the government for _____________(permit) to move the items to a safe place，but they refused. ②We do not permit___________(smoke) in the office. ③It was announced that only when the fire was under control would the residents ___________(permit) to return to their homes. ④Never take anything___________permission, even if you know that your friend will be okay with it. 翻译句子 ⑤当你疲倦的时候要让自己休息一下。 ________________________________________________ ⑥如果时间允许的话，我会去机场接你。 ________________________________________________ 7　 (2024·北京卷)Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special ____________(permit) number to register for the programme. 8　 The person I respect most is my headteacher who permits us _______(express) our opinions freely. ●重点句型 1.Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again，as if looking at something he can't believe is there.(P56) 状语从句的省略。 在when，while，if，though，although，as，until，once，whether，unless，whenever等连接的时间、条件或让步状语从句中，当从句主语跟主句的主语相同或从句的主语为it，且从句谓语中含有be动词的某种形式时，从句中的主语和be动词常被省略。 The twins cheered up and did as (they were) told.。 Therefore，I can explain the relevant information about Chinese painting if (it is) necessary.(申请信) While (you were) walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 同义句转换 ①When they were asked what they needed，they said they wanted to be loved. →When _________________________，they said they wanted to be loved. ②While she was staying in France, she picked up some French. →While _________________________，she picked up some French. ③Unless necessary, you'd better not refer to the dictionary. →Unless _________________________，you'd better not refer to the dictionary. 2. (教材原句) I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this...(P56) 否定词置于句首的部分倒装句。 英语中，将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。这类词(组)有：never，seldom，rarely，little，few，at no time，by no means，no longer，hardly/scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...，not only...but also...，not until，nowhere，neither...nor...等。 Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery. Not only does she speak Spanish, she's also good at computers. 单句语法填空 ①Never___________ you achieve anything if you spend your time that way. ②By no means _________ he be left alone. ③Not only _________ he speak more correctly，but he spoke more fluently. 翻译句子 ④我终于得到了自己梦寐以求的工作。我从没这么高兴过。 ___________________________________________________ ⑤直到完成工作他才停下来休息一会儿。 ___________________________________________________ ⑥我们决不要向困难低头。 ___________________________________________________ 答案： 1.basis n．基础；根据；基点(复数为bases)　base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础　n．底部；根据　based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的　basic adj.基础的；基本的　basically adv.大体上；基本上 (教材原句)Is money the basis of a happy life？(P50) 拓展： on the basis of 在某事的基础上；根据某事 on a regular basis定期地；经常地 base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上 be based on...以……为基础/依据 单句语法填空 ① Based (base) on your own personal taste, you'll be able to choose a room. ② On the basis of those facts, we can safely draw the following conclusion. ③Jack can earn enough money to meet his family's basic (base) needs. 完成句子 ④他的小说是以他在一所大学学习时的亲身经历为基础写成的。 His story is based on his own experiences when he was studying in a university. ⑤我们是在实验的基础上得出这个结论的。 We drew this conclusion on the basis of experiments. 6　 (2024·全国甲卷)Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural populations with __basic_______(basis)medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. 7　 翻译：门票将按先到先得的原则出售。 Tickets will be sold on a first-come, first-served basis. 2.apologise (also apologize) vi.道歉；谢罪apology n．道歉；(因不能赴会或提前离会的)致歉 （教材原句）Wang Zheng apologised to Chen...(P50) 拓展 apologise to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉 apologise to sb. that...向某人道歉 make an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉 owe sb. an apology for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而应向某人道歉 单句语法填空 ①I took your notebook by mistake—I owe you an apology. ②If you write the wrong name, respond quickly and briefly, apologising (apologise) for your mistake. ③We all agreed that he should apologise to his deskmate for his bad behaviour. 6　 I think I owe you an apology __for___ the damage I have done to your bicycle, so now I___apologise _______ to you for my bad behaviour and I sincerely hope you can __accept my apology ____(接受我的道歉) and compensation. 7　 我写信为下周末不能和你一起游览北京而道歉。 I'm writing you the letter to make an apology/apologise to you for my not being able to pay a visit to Beijing with you next weekend. 3.in return作为回报；作为回应(不接宾语) (教材原句)...should we expect to get something in return？(P51) 拓展 in return for＝in reward for作为对……的回报 in turn依次；反过来 by turns轮流 单句语法填空 ①I wish I could do something in return for the kindness I have received from him. ②If we smile at life, life will smile on us in return. 翻译句子 ③顾客表扬了经理，经理转而表扬了员工。 The customer praised the manager, who in turn, praised his staff. 4.judge vt.& vi.评价；评判；判断　n．法官；审判员；裁判员　judgement n．判决；看法；意见；判断力 （教材原句）Should we judge people based on how much money they have？(P51) 拓展 judge ...from/by...从……来判断…… judging from/by...根据……判断；鉴于 as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为 in one's judgement 在某人看来 make a judgement on/about...对……做出判断 温馨提示： judging from/by...置于句首作状语。v.-ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成分。有类似用法的词或短语还有：generally speaking “一般来说”；frankly/honestly speaking；“坦白地说”；considering...“考虑到……”等。 单句语法填空 ①You will be among the judges (judge) to be praised. ②It's difficult to judge (judge) how long the journey will take. ③He showed excellent judgement (judge) in choosing a friend. 4　 (2023·全国甲卷)What we discovered is that it's unwise to judge what you eat only ____by______ its appearance. 5　 翻译：正如古老谚语所说，“不能以貌取人。” As an old saying goes，“You can't judge a book from/by its cover.” 6　 Judging from/by what he said (从他的话来看)，he was confident to win the first prize in the Chinese Character Dictation Contest. 7　 As far as I can judge (据我判断)，he is sure to come. 5.scene n．(戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面；景色 （教材原句）Read the scene and answer the questions.(P52) 拓展 on the scene 在现场 behind the scene 在幕后 appear/come on the scene 出场 词义辨析 scene/scenery/sight/view ①scene指某一处的自然风光。也指景象，动态或静态的场面。 ②scenery(总称)自然景物，天然风光，是由多个scene构成的自然风景。 ③sight景象，风景，名胜。侧重值得看的事物或很难看的东西和很可笑的事物；也指视力，眼界。 ④view景色，风景。侧重从人所处的角度(从远处或高处)所看到的景色。 单句语法填空 ①I will never forget the scene where/in which I stepped onto the stage and collected the first prize in the debating competition. ②He was on the scene when the accident happened. ③Such decisions are made behind the scenes，without public knowledge. 翻译句子 ④球队的胜利使全国上下出现一派欢乐的场面。 The team's victory produced scenes of joy all over the country. ⑤医护人员迅速赶到出事地点，实施救援。 Doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident to carry out the rescue. 6.spot vt.看见；注意到；发现　n．地点；处所；斑点；污迹　spotted adj.有花点的；有斑点的 （教材原句）The next morning I was spotted by a ship.(P52) 拓展： spot sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事 be spotted by...被……发现；被……认出来 on the spot(＝on the scene) 当场；在现场；立即 a spot of 少量；一点 be spotted with...满是……斑点；被……点缀 温馨提示： spot作“地点”讲，用作定语从句的先行词时，从句如果缺少状语则用where引导定语从句，从句如果缺少主语或宾语则用that/which引导定语从句。 单句语法填空 ①The young man, who was the only person on the spot, was told to write down what he saw. ②He was dressed in a coat, which was spotted with stars. 4　 (2023·全国乙卷)I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being __on the spot ________(在现场) only five minutes before the best moment. 5　 一词多义 David is very tall，so he is easy to spot in a crowd. 注意到 This is an ideal spot for having a picnic. 地点 The windscreen was spotted with mud. 布满 7.patience n．耐心；忍耐力；毅力　patient adj.有耐心的；能忍耐的 n．病人；患者　patiently adv.耐心地；有毅力地　impatient adj.没有耐心的 （教材原句）Patience.(P52) 拓展 out of/with patience没有耐心/耐心地 have the/no/little patience with sb.对某人有/没有/几乎没有耐心 lose/run out of patience with sb.对某人失去耐心 be patient with...对……有耐心 单句语法填空 ①Like building a house, learning English takes some time.So don't be impatient (patient)． ②Fishing is a hobby which calls for a great deal of patience (patient)． ③Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with patience. ④After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove.I waited patiently (patient) until the oil was hot. 6　 (2024·全国甲卷)Prof.Gracie, with all his___patience_____(patient) , asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. 7　 Seeing their frustrated faces，the father helped them prepare breakfast for their mother __with patience/patiently______(耐心地) . 7　 一句多译：她耐心地聆听我，并且温柔地拍打我的后背。(动作描写) She listened to me patiently and patted me on the back tenderly. →She listened to me with patience and patted me on the back tenderly. 8.be about to do sth.即将或正要(做某事) （教材原句）Yes, I was about to go get the letter.(P52) 拓展 be about to do...when... ＝be on the point of doing...when...正要做某事这时…… be doing...when...正在做……这时…… had (just) done sth. when...刚做完某事这时…… 单句语法填空 ①(2022·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)Henry was fixing (fix)his car when he heard the screams. ②When I was about to say (say) goodbye, the girl asked if I'd had lunch. ③We had just finished our meal when there was a loud knock at the door. 4　 (2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)When I___was about to __________(正要) give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. 5　 翻译：我正在河边散步，突然听到有人在呼救。 I was walking along the river when I heard someone calling for help. ●重点句型 （教材原句）1.About a month ago，I was sailing，and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.(P52) (1)find oneself...发现某人自己处于某种境地，而且含有“在不知不觉中……”的意思。 (2)“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构： find＋宾语＋ (3)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do(it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语) 单句语法填空 ①When he went out of the room, he found a little girl walking (walk) in the rain. ②When he came to himself，he found himself locked (lock)in the room. 完成句子 ③这两个女孩长得很像，陌生人很难把她们区分开。 The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other . （教材原句）2.And it was the ship that brought you to England.(P52) 强调结构是英语中最常使用的句型之一，其构成形式是：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。在本结构中，it无意义。若原句属于现在或将来时态范畴，系动词用is；若原句属于过去时态范畴，系动词用was。 (1) (2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)In a word, it was not just an art class；it was a moment of connection with nature ____that ____I truly cherished. (2) It was Mom who taught me we should never take for granted the very things that most deserve our gratitude. (3) 翻译句子 ①正是老师的鼓励才使我取得了如此大的进步。 It is the teacher's encouragement that has helped me make such great progress. ②每年正是颐和园、故宫博物院和长城吸引着来自世界各地的大量游客来到北京。 It is the Summer Palace, the Palace Museum and the Great Wall that attract a large number of tourists from all over the world every year to Beijing. ③直到生病了我才意识到健康的重要性。 It was not until I fell ill that I realised the importance of health. 9.intention n．打算；计划；意图；目的　intend v．想要；打算；意欲　intended adj.意欲达到的；打算的；计划的 拓展 with the intention/aim of为了；以……为目的；意图 intend doing/to do sth.打算/想要做某事 intend sb. to do sth.计划让某人做某事 be intended for/to do...为……打算(或设计)的 be intended to do sth.打算做某事 单句语法填空 ①The journey was intended (intend) to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. ②(2022·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended to provide (provide) stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 完成句子 ③我经常想知道，一些无意购买的人是否会利用这一特权。 I have often wondered whether some people, who had no intention of making a purchase, would take advantage of this privilege. ④本周日，我们学校举办了一场激动人心的和令人印象深刻的比赛，旨在提高我们的阅读能力。 This Sunday saw the thrilling and impressive competition held by our school with the intention of improving our reading ability. 10.hesitate vi. 犹豫；迟疑；顾虑　hesitation n．踌躇；犹豫；迟疑　hesitant adj.犹豫的 （教材原句）Why does the owner think Henry hesitates to pay the bill？(P55) 拓展 hesitate about/over (doing) sth.对(做)某事犹豫不决 hesitate to do sth.犹豫做某事 without hesitation毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事 Mary was hesitant ____about _____buying the beautiful skirt.When her husband saw her expectant eyes, he bought it ____without hesitation.___(毫不犹豫) 单句语法填空 ①She hesitated over/about the choice between the two coats. ②Please do not hesitate to contact (contact) me if you require more information. ③After a slight hesitation (hesitate)，I asked if he could help me find my lost watch. 句型转换 ④If you have questions, do ask us for help without hesitation. →If you have questions, don't hesitate to ask us for help. →If you have questions, don't have any hesitation in asking us for help. 11.manner n．举止；行为方式；方法；[pl.]礼貌；礼仪 （教材原句）in a rude manner(P56) 拓展 in a．.. manner用一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子 table manners餐桌礼仪 it is good/bad manners to do sth.做某事是有/没有礼貌的 单句语法填空 ①They were working in an orderly manner. ②It's good manners to offer (offer) seats to the people in need on the bus. ③It's bad manners (manner) to stare at others. 完成句子 ④Only in this manner/ in this way/ by this means/with this method (用这种方式) can the financial crisis of the company be solved. ⑤It is bad manners (不礼貌) to talk with your finger pointing at another person. 12.in case以防；以防万一 （教材原句）In that case, there's no problem.(P56) 拓展 in case of万一……，如果发生……(后接单词或短语) in that/this case既然那样/这样；在那种/这种情况下；如果是那样/这样的话 in any case无论如何，不管怎样 in no case决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装) as is often the case这是常有的事 单句语法填空 ①The fireman held Peter's arm strongly in case he went there. ②In case of fire, we should stay calm and leave as quickly as possible. ③ As is often the case, the old man runs down the street from his house. 句式升级 ④I shall in no case forget the expression on her face. → In no case shall I forget the expression on her face.(倒装) 13.option n．可选择的事物；选择(＝choice)；选择权　optional adj.可选择的；选修的 (教材原句) In another part of the shop, where there is a wide range of options for Henry to choose from.(P56) 拓展 have no option but to (do) sth.除(做)某事外别无选择 have the option of doing sth.有做某事的选择 optional courses选修课程 单句语法填空 ①(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)That means you have tons of less-visited___ options _____(option) to choose from. ②English is compulsory for all students, but art and music are optional (option)． ③He had no option but to agree (agree) to his plan to increase the investment. 翻译句子 ④互联网增加了音乐爱好者的选择。 The Internet increased options of music lovers.　 ⑤上选修课可以充实我们的头脑。 Taking optional courses can enrich our mind.　 14.broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的；广泛的　broaden vt.变宽；扩大；增长 (教材原句) with a broad smile(P56) 拓展 broaden one's horizons/view 拓宽某人的视野 broaden/increase one's knowledge 扩充某人的知识 完成句子 ①她获得了广泛的中西医知识。 She acquired a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. ②人们普遍认为阅读增长我们的知识，拓宽我们的视野。 It is universally acknowledged that reading increases our knowledge and broadens our horizons/view . ③(2024·北京卷)The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a ___broader ______(broad) range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. 15.be willing to do sth.愿意或乐意做某事 （教材原句）Why would the owner be willing to wait for a long time to get paid？(P57) 拓展 willingly adv.欣然地；愿意地；乐意地 willingness n．乐意；心甘情愿 unwilling adj.不愿意的；不情愿的；勉强的 be unwilling to do sth.不愿意或不乐意做某事 单句语法填空 ①They are willing to invest (invest) more money in the project. ②He is unwilling (willing) to sell his souvenirs at such a low price. ③His lack of experience is balanced by a willingness (willing) to learn. ④He listened to the reasons and willingly (willing) accepted his parents' opinions. 7　 翻译：当然，有些问题她不乐意回答。 There are, of course, questions which she will not be willing to answer. 8　 (2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)If you're willing__ to apply ___________(apply) yourself, I think you have a good shot at this. 16.permission n. 准许；许可；批准；许可证　permit vt.& vi.允许；准许；使有可能 (教材原句) Yes, I'd love to...with your permission.Thank you, Miss.(P58) 拓展 ask for (one's) permission请求(某人的)允许 with/without (one's) permission经过/未经(某人的)允许 permit sb to do sth.允许某人做某事 permit (doing) sth.允许(做)某事 be permitted to do sth.被允许做某事 单句语法填空 ①She had asked the government for permission (permit) to move the items to a safe place，but they refused. ②We do not permit smoking (smoke) in the office. ③It was announced that only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted (permit) to return to their homes. ④Never take anything without permission, even if you know that your friend will be okay with it. 翻译句子 ⑤当你疲倦的时候要让自己休息一下。 Give yourself permission to rest when you are tired. ⑥如果时间允许的话，我会去机场接你。 I'll pick you up at the airport if time permits/time permitting. 7　 (2024·北京卷)Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special ____permission _________(permit) number to register for the programme. 8　 The person I respect most is my headteacher who permits us ___to express____(express) our opinions freely. ●重点句型 1.Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again，as if looking at something he can't believe is there.(P56) 状语从句的省略。 在when，while，if，though，although，as，until，once，whether，unless，whenever等连接的时间、条件或让步状语从句中，当从句主语跟主句的主语相同或从句的主语为it，且从句谓语中含有be动词的某种形式时，从句中的主语和be动词常被省略。 The twins cheered up and did as (they were) told.。 Therefore，I can explain the relevant information about Chinese painting if (it is) necessary.(申请信) While (you were) walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 同义句转换 ①When they were asked what they needed，they said they wanted to be loved. →When asked what they needed ，they said they wanted to be loved. ②While she was staying in France, she picked up some French. →While staying in France ，she picked up some French. ③Unless necessary, you'd better not refer to the dictionary. →Unless it is necessary , you'd better not refer to the dictionary. 2. (教材原句) I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this...(P56) 否定词置于句首的部分倒装句。 英语中，将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。这类词(组)有：never，seldom，rarely，little，few，at no time，by no means，no longer，hardly/scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...，not only...but also...，not until，nowhere，neither...nor...等。 Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery. Not only does she speak Spanish, she's also good at computers. 单句语法填空 ①Never will you achieve anything if you spend your time that way. ②By no means should he be left alone. ③Not only did he speak more correctly，but he spoke more fluently. 翻译句子 ④我终于得到了自己梦寐以求的工作。我从没这么高兴过。 I finally got the job I dreamt about.Never had I felt so happy！ ⑤直到完成工作他才停下来休息一会儿。 Not until he finished his job did he stop to have a rest for a while. ⑥我们决不要向困难低头。 On no account should we give in to difficulties.　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$