被动语态（2）-知识点训练卷 四川对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》第24卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：四川省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》，依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》（2020年版）及近五年四川省英语真题分析编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点写的46份知识点训练卷。第二部分是各个题型编写的24份专题训练卷。第三部分是按照课程标准及四川省对口高考命题趋势编写的30份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是四川省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》的第24卷，是被动语态知识点训练卷。 四川省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》 第24卷 知识点训练卷·被动语态（2） 考试时间：40分钟 满分：45分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共25小题；每小题1分，满分 25分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1．________ about it earlier, he would not have done such a thing. A．Had he told B．Had he been told C．If he was told D．If he were told 【答案】B 【详解】考查虚拟语气、被动语态和倒装句。句意：如果早一点告诉他，他就不会做这样的事了。分析句子可知，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，主句用了would not have done（过去将来完成时），因此从句需要用过去完成时来表示虚拟（had done）；“他”与“告知”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态（had been done），即“If he had been told”，也可以使用倒装结构“Had he been told”。故选B。 2．This is one of the best books that ________ written by Mo Yan . A．has B．have C．has been D．have been 【答案】D 【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态及主谓一致。句意：这是莫言撰写的最好的书之一。分析句子可知，“that have been written by Mo Yan”是定语从句，that代指先行词books；books与write是被动关系，要用被动语态；此句是描述到目前为止情况，所以应是现在完成时的被动语态结构“have/has been+过去分词”；books是复数，所以从句中的谓语动词用复数形式，故选 D。 3．Some measures ________ to ensure the safety of the workers in this factory. A．need to take B．could take C．must be taken D．should have taken 【答案】C 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：必须采取一些措施来保证这家工厂工人的安全。分析句子结构及选项可知，句中含有短语“take measures to do sth”意为“采取措施做某事”。句中的主语“measures”与动词“take”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态be done，C选项是含有情态动词被动语态，符合要求。故选C。 4．We are glad to see that our agent’s effort ________ by some large orders from their customers. A．have been rewarded B．have rewarded C．have awarded D．have been awarded 【答案】A 【详解】考查现在完成时下的被动语态和动词词义辨析。句意：我们很高兴看到我们代理的努力得到了回报，他们的客户下了一些大订单。根据句意可知，“代理商的努力已被客户的大订单回报”，代理商的努力是被奖励的对象，需用现在完成时的被动语态（have been + 过去分词）；reward意为“因某种行为（如努力）获得回报，常用于商业或激励场景”，award意为“授予正式奖项（如奖项、证书）”，因此此处需用reward。故选A。 5．He said the government-building _______ next week. A．will be finished B．will finish C．would finish D．would be finished 【答案】D 【详解】考查宾语从句的时态和语态。句意：他说政府大楼下周将完工。分析句子结构可知，said后是宾语从句，主句“He said”是一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态。根据“next week”可知，从句要用过去将来时，又因“government-building”与“finish”是被动关系，即大楼是被完成，所以要用过去将来时的被动语态“would be+过去分词”结构。故选D。 6．It will be ________ if you send us some samples and catalogue early. A．appreciated B．obliged C．thanked D．appreciate 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果您能早点给我们寄来一些样品和目录，我们将不胜感激。A. appreciated感激；B. obliged感激（常见用法是“be obliged to sb. (感谢某人)”）；C. thanked感谢（主语一般是人，sb. be thanked意为“某人被感谢”）；D. appreciate感激（动词原形）。“It will be appreciated if...”是常用表达，意为“如果……将不胜感激”。这里it作形式主语，真正主语是if引导的从句，这里表达“您尽早寄样品和目录这件事将被感激”，故用过去分词形式。故选A。 7．The museum is really worth ________. A．to visit B．visiting C．being visited D．to be visited 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这家博物馆真的值得一游。be worth doing是固定短语，意为“值得做某事”，用动名词作宾语，且用动名词主动形式表示被动意义。故选B。 8．The wetland ________ seriously every day. I am very worried about it. A．had destroyed B．has been destroyed C．is being destroyed D．was destroyed 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：湿地每天都在被严重破坏。我很担心。destroy：破坏，动词。分析句子结构可知，“The wetland (湿地)”是主语，与动词“destroy”之间是被动关系，且根据句意和“every day (每天)”可知，此处描述的是正在进行的动作，所以应用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。 9．Look at the way the paths ________ . You’ d better do it again. A．have swept B．has been swept C．have been swept D．had swept 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在完成时被动语态和主谓一致。句意：看看这条小路被扫过的样子。你最好再扫一遍。根据“You’ d better do it again.”可知，该句表示过去发生的动作对现在造成了影响，应用现在完成时；主语“the paths”和动词“sweep”是被动关系，应用现在完成时被动语态；主语“the paths”是复数，谓语动词要用复数形式have been swept，表示“被扫过”。故选C。 10．No comment ________ about the online database till now. A．makes B．made C．has been made D．have made 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，还没有对在线数据库发表评论。根据时间状语“till now”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语名词“comment”是单数，且与动词make之间是被动关系，因此应使用现在完成时的被动语态has been made。故选C。 11．—When shall we go and play basketball? — Not until the work_______. A．is finished B．finishes C．will finish D．will be finished 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：—我们什么时候去打篮球？—直到工作完成。分析句子可知，“Not until the work ...”为时间状语从句，此句中省略了主句，完整的主句可能是“We will go and play basketball”，是一般将来时的含义；句子时态遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来；从句主语“the work”与动作“完成”之间为被动关系，故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”。故选A。 12．The cinema near my house ________ these days. A．built B．is building C．are being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：我家附近的电影院这些天正在兴建中。根据these days可知应用现在进行时，cinema和build是被动关系，应用被动语态，应用现在进行时的被动语态is/am/are being done，主语是cinema是单数，be动词用is。故选D。 13．Tom is good at writing stories. His last story ________ by the whole class. A．read B．is read C．has read D．has been read 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：汤姆擅长写故事。他上一个故事已经被全班同学读过了。read：读，动词，与题干中的story是被动关系，所以用被动语态（be+过去分词）；因为表示“上一个故事被读”这一动作发生在过去，但对现在造成了影响（即全班同学都已经读过了），所以应该使用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。 14．—Final exam is coming, Tom. Don’t watch TV for too long. —I’m not a child anymore. I ________ what to do. A．should always be told B．should always tell C．shouldn’t always be told D．shouldn’t always tell 【答案】C 【详解】考查否定句和被动语态。句意：—期末考试就要到了，汤姆。不要看电视太久。—我不再是孩子了。我不应该总是被告知该做什么。根据“I’m not a child anymore. (我不再是个孩子了。)”可知，话语有些不耐烦，不应该老是被告知所以用否定的被动。故选C。 15．He wrote many interesting books and some of them _________ last century. A．have published B．are published C．were published D．will be published 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：他写了许多有趣的书，其中一些出版于上世纪。句子的主语“some of them”指代的是前面提到的“books”，书是“被出版”的，所以要用被动语态，其结构为“be + 过去分词”；再根据时间状语“last century (上世纪)”可知，用一般过去时were published。故选C。 16．Don’t eat the cake. It goes bad. It ________ in the fridge for more than a week. A．will be kept B．will keep C．has been kept D．has kept 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：不要吃这个蛋糕。它变质了。它已经被放在冰箱里一个多星期了。主语“It”（指代蛋糕）和动词“keep”之间是被动关系，即蛋糕是被放在冰箱里的，所以要用被动语态。根据“for more than a week”可知，这里强调过去发生的动作“把蛋糕放在冰箱里” 对现在造成的影响“蛋糕变质了”，所以应该用现在完成时。现在完成时的被动语态结构是 “have/has been+过去分词”，主语“It”是第三人称单数，所以用“has been kept”。故选C。 17．The little boy as well as the other children who ________ no parents ________ good care of in the center. A．have; is being taken B．have; has taken C．has; is taken D．has; have been taken 【答案】A 【详解】考查主谓一致和被动语态。句意：这个小男孩和其他没有父母的孩子一样，在这个中心得到了很好的照顾。第一空，who引导的是定语从句，修饰的先行词“children”是可数名词复数，所以定语从句的谓语动词用复数have；第二个空，此处是主句的谓语动词，主语“The little boy as well as the other children”和动词短语“take good care of”之间是被动关系，表示“这个小男孩和其他没有父母的孩子被照顾得很好”，因此应使用被动语态（be+动词过去分词）；as well as连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就远原则”，即与“The little boy”一致，所以要用单数， is being taken符合题意。故选A。 18．—What is the ________ of your assumption? —My assumption ________ on the latest study. A．basic; base B．basic; is based C．basis; base D．basis; is based 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词和被动语态。句意：—你的假设依据是什么？—我的假设是基于最新的研究。basic形容词，基础的；basis名词，基础；根据“the ... of your assumption”可知，第一空应是名词basis，作表语；第二句，缺少谓语动词，动词base表示“以……为基础”，与主语“my assumption”是被动关系，应用被动语态is based。故选D。 19．— How long ________ at this job? —Since 1990. A．were you employed B．have you been employed C．had you been employed D．will you be employed 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：—你被雇佣做这份工作多久了？—自从1990年开始。根据答语“Since 1990”可知，“since+过去时间点”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，现在完成时的结构是“have/has+过去分词”；主语“you”和谓语动词“employ”之间是被动关系，即“你被雇佣”，所以要用被动语态“be + 过去分词”的形式，所以是have you been employed。故选B。 20．—Have you finished your project? —Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ ten more minutes. A．give B．am given C．will give D．will be given 【答案】B 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：—你完成你的项目了吗？—还没，如果再给我十分钟的话，我可以完成。分析句子结构可知，if引导的条件状语从句，主句是一般将来时，从句应该用一般现在时表将来；从句主语I与所给谓语动作give之间构成被动关系，即“如果我再被给10分钟”，要用一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are+动词过去分词）。故选B。 21．That boy ________ some pieces of advice by his teacher, but he ________ to them. A．gave; didn’t listen B．was given; wasn’t listened C．gives; wasn’t listened D．was given; didn’t listen 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：老师给了那个男孩很多建议，但是他没有听。分析句子结构可知，主语“That boy”与动词“give ”之间是被动关系，因此第一空用被动语态，根据句意可知，时态是一般过去时，因此用一般过去时的被动语态；第二空 he 与 listen to 之间是主动关系，因此用主动语态，时态是一般过去时，因此助动词用didn’t。故选D。 22．—Could I smoke here? —Sorry. Look at the sign! Smoking ________ here. A．isn’t allowed B．is allowed C．doesn’t allowed D．isn’t allowing 【答案】A 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：—我能在这里吸烟吗？—抱歉，看这个标志！这里不允许吸烟。根据“Sorry. Look at the sign!”可知，吸烟是不被允许的，主语“Smoking”与谓语动作“allow”之间构成被动关系，这里描述的是一般的情况，要用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are+过去分词”；主语“Smoking”是动名词作主语，视为单数概念，所以be动词用“is”，“allow”的过去分词是“allowed”，否定形式为“isn't allowed”。故选A。 23．Tom, as well as his two classmates, ________ to a village to experience the local life last summer A．sent B．has sent C．was sent D．were sent 【答案】C 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：去年夏天，汤姆和他的两个同学被送往一个村庄，体验当地的生活。根据“last summer”可知，需要用一般过去时，主语Tom和动词send之间为被动关系，需要用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+动词过去分词”，as well as遵循就远原则，谓语动词与Tom保持一致，be动词用was。故选C。 24．Every year, many people come to Beijing to attend the Two Sessions. Even the teenagers can______ a chance to make their voices ______. A．be given; hear B．give; hear C．be given; heard D．give; be heard 【答案】C 【详解】考查被动语态和非谓语动词。句意：每年都有很多人来北京参加两会。即使是青少年也可以有机会发出自己的声音。主语“the teenagers”与“give”之间是被动关系，即“青少年是被给予机会”，所以要用被动语态“be+过去分词”的形式。“can”是情态动词，其后接动词原形，所以第一个空应填 “be given”。“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，“their voices”与“hear”之间也是被动关系，即“让他们的声音被听到”，所以要用“hear”的过去分词“heard”作宾语补足语。故选C。 25．These flowers ______, so you don’t need to water them again. A．is watering B．has been watered C．watered D．have been watered 【答案】D 【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：这些花已经被浇过水了，所以你不需要再浇它们了。根据“so you don’t need to water them again”可知，句子强调的是过去的动作（花被浇水）对现在产生的影响（不需要再浇水），所以要用现在完成时；主语“These flowers”与所给谓语动词“water”之间构成被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态：have/has been done；主语是“these flowers”，助动词用have。故选D。 二、翻译（共10小题；每小题2分，满分 20分） 26．None of us was allowed the pleasure of being a dropout. (英译汉) 【答案】我们每个人不能以辍学为乐。 【详解】考查陈述句。None of us：我们当中没有人，作主语；was allowed：被允许，作谓语；the pleasure of being a dropout：辍学的乐趣，作宾语，其中“of being a dropout”是介词短语作后置定语，修饰“the pleasure”。故本句译为：我们每个人不能以辍学为乐。 27．This assembly line was built recently and almost every process is computerized. (句子英译汉) 【答案】这条流水线是最近建成的，几乎每道工序都是电脑化的。 【详解】考查被动语态和并列句。This assembly line：这条流水线，主语；was built：被建成，作谓语；recently：最近，作时间状语；and：和，并列连词；almost every process：几乎每一道工序，作主语；is computerized：被电脑化，被动语态作谓语。故本句译为：这条流水线是最近建成的，几乎每道工序都是电脑化的。 28．Excuse me, is this seat taken? (英译汉) 【答案】打扰一下，这个座位被占用了吗？/打扰一下，这个座位有人吗？ 【详解】考查一般疑问句及一般现时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，“Excuse me”礼貌用语，用于引起对方的注意或礼貌地提出问题，意为“打扰一下”；一般疑问句“is this seat taken? ”的主语是“ this seat ”，意为“这个座位”；谓语部分“is taken”是一般现在时的被动语态，意为“被占用”。故本句译为：打扰一下，这个座位被占用了吗？/打扰一下，这个座位有人吗？ 29．The 2022 Winter Olympics will be held in Beijing. (英译汉) 【答案】2022年冬奥会将在北京举办。 【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，句子的主语是“The 2022 Winter Olympics”，意为“2022年冬奥会”；“will be held”是句子的谓语，是一般将来时的被动语态，意为“将要被举行”；“in Beijing”是地点状语，意为“在北京”。故本句译为：2022年冬奥会将在北京举办。 30．James Cook, at the age of forty, was sent to explore (探索) the Pacific Ocean. (英译汉) 【答案】詹姆斯库克四十岁时被派去探索太平洋。 【详解】考查被动语态。“James Cook”作主语，意为“詹姆斯库克”；“at the age of forty”作时间状语，意为“在四十岁时”；“was sent ”是谓语，被动语态，意为“被派去”；“to explore (探索) the Pacific Ocean”作目的状语，意为“去探索太平洋”。故本句译为：詹姆斯库克四十岁时被派去探索太平洋。 31．A guest complained to the manager that her watch had been stolen. (英译汉) 【答案】一个客人向经理投诉她的手表被偷了。 【详解】考查宾语从句和过去完成时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，“A guest”作主语，意为“一位客人”；“complained”作谓语，意为“抱怨”；“to the manager”作状语，意为“向经理”；“that her watch had been stolen”作动词“complained”的宾语，为宾语从句，意为“她的手表被偷了”。故本句译为：一个客人向经理投诉她的手表被偷了。 32．The data should be updated once a week. (英译汉) 【答案】这些数据应该每星期更新一次。 【详解】考查情态动词的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，“The data”是主语，意为“数据”；“ should be updated”是谓语动词，使用了情态动词should的被动语态，意为“应该被更新”；“once a week”是频率副词，作时间状语，意为“每周一次”。故本句译为：这些数据应该每星期更新一次。 33．Check that all the safety guards are fitted correctly before you operate the machine. (英译汉) 【答案】在启动机器之前，检查安全保护装置是否安装正确。 【详解】考查祈使句、宾语从句和时间状语从句。分析句子可知，“Check”是谓语动词，意为“检查”；“that all the safety guards are fitted correctly” 是宾语从句，作“Check”的宾语，其中“all the safety guards” 是主语，意为“所有的安全防护装置”；“are fitted”是谓语动词，意为“被安装”；“correctly”是副词，意为“正确地”；“before you operate the machine”是时间状语从句，其中 “you”作主语，意为“你”；“operate”是谓语动词，意为“操作”；“the machine”是宾语，意为“机器”。故本句译为：在启动机器之前，检查安全保护装置是否安装正确。 34．These self-driving cars will be powered by renewable energy. (英译汉) 【答案】这些自动驾驶汽车将由可再生能源驱动。 【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态。分析句子可知，本句的主干部分是“These self-driving cars will be powered”，是一个一般将来时的被动语态，意思是“这些自动驾驶汽车将被驱动”。“by renewable energy”用介词短语作方式状语，意思是“通过可再生能源”。故本句译为：这些自动驾驶汽车将由可再生能源驱动。 35．But the rubbish from cities can be collected and taken away; this isn’t true for the rubbish on cruise ships. (英译汉) 【答案】但城市里的垃圾可以被收集和运走，游轮上的垃圾却不是这样。 【详解】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。本句的主语部分为“the rubbish from cities”，意为“城市里的垃圾”，“but”用于句首表转折，意为“但是”；谓语部分为“can be collected and taken away”，与主语之间为被动关系，表示“垃圾可以被收集和运走”；“this isn’t true”在此处可译为“不是这样、这样是不现实的”；“for the rubbish on cruise ships.”表示“对于游轮上的垃圾来说”。故本句译为：但城市里的垃圾可以被收集和运走，游轮上的垃圾却不是这样。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：四川省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》，依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》（2020年版）及近五年四川省英语真题分析编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点写的46份知识点训练卷。第二部分是各个题型编写的24份专题训练卷。第三部分是按照课程标准及四川省对口高考命题趋势编写的30份综合模拟卷。 本试卷是四川省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》的第24卷，是被动语态知识点训练卷。 四川省对口招生《英语考纲百套卷》 第24卷 知识点训练卷·被动语态（2） 考试时间：40分钟 满分：45分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共25小题；每小题1分，满分 25分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1．________ about it earlier, he would not have done such a thing. A．Had he told B．Had he been told C．If he was told D．If he were told 2．This is one of the best books that ________ written by Mo Yan . A．has B．have C．has been D．have been 3．Some measures ________ to ensure the safety of the workers in this factory. A．need to take B．could take C．must be taken D．should have taken 4．We are glad to see that our agent’s effort ________ by some large orders from their customers. A．have been rewarded B．have rewarded C．have awarded D．have been awarded 5．He said the government-building _______ next week. A．will be finished B．will finish C．would finish D．would be finished 6．It will be ________ if you send us some samples and catalogue early. A．appreciated B．obliged C．thanked D．appreciate 7．The museum is really worth ________. A．to visit B．visiting C．being visited D．to be visited 8．The wetland ________ seriously every day. I am very worried about it. A．had destroyed B．has been destroyed C．is being destroyed D．was destroyed 9．Look at the way the paths ________ . You’ d better do it again. A．have swept B．has been swept C．have been swept D．had swept 10．No comment ________ about the online database till now. A．makes B．made C．has been made D．have made 11．—When shall we go and play basketball? — Not until the work_______. A．is finished B．finishes C．will finish D．will be finished 12．The cinema near my house ________ these days. A．built B．is building C．are being built D．is being built 13．Tom is good at writing stories. His last story ________ by the whole class. A．read B．is read C．has read D．has been read 14．—Final exam is coming, Tom. Don’t watch TV for too long. —I’m not a child anymore. I ________ what to do. A．should always be told B．should always tell C．shouldn’t always be told D．shouldn’t always tell 15．He wrote many interesting books and some of them _________ last century. A．have published B．are published C．were published D．will be published 16．Don’t eat the cake. It goes bad. It ________ in the fridge for more than a week. A．will be kept B．will keep C．has been kept D．has kept 17．The little boy as well as the other children who ________ no parents ________ good care of in the center. A．have; is being taken B．have; has taken C．has; is taken D．has; have been taken 18．—What is the ________ of your assumption? —My assumption ________ on the latest study. A．basic; base B．basic; is based C．basis; base D．basis; is based 19．— How long ________ at this job? —Since 1990. A．were you employed B．have you been employed C．had you been employed D．will you be employed 20．—Have you finished your project? —Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ ten more minutes. A．give B．am given C．will give D．will be given 21．That boy ________ some pieces of advice by his teacher, but he ________ to them. A．gave; didn’t listen B．was given; wasn’t listened C．gives; wasn’t listened D．was given; didn’t listen 22．—Could I smoke here? —Sorry. Look at the sign! Smoking ________ here. A．isn’t allowed B．is allowed C．doesn’t allowed D．isn’t allowing 23．Tom, as well as his two classmates, ________ to a village to experience the local life last summer A．sent B．has sent C．was sent D．were sent 24．Every year, many people come to Beijing to attend the Two Sessions. Even the teenagers can______ a chance to make their voices ______. A．be given; hear B．give; hear C．be given; heard D．give; be heard 25．These flowers ______, so you don’t need to water them again. A．is watering B．has been watered C．watered D．have been watered 二、翻译（共10小题；每小题2分，满分 20分） 26．None of us was allowed the pleasure of being a dropout. (英译汉) 27．This assembly line was built recently and almost every process is computerized. (句子英译汉) 28．Excuse me, is this seat taken? (英译汉) 29．The 2022 Winter Olympics will be held in Beijing. (英译汉) 30．James Cook, at the age of forty, was sent to explore (探索) the Pacific Ocean. (英译汉) 31．A guest complained to the manager that her watch had been stolen. (英译汉) 32．The data should be updated once a week. (英译汉) 33．Check that all the safety guards are fitted correctly before you operate the machine. (英译汉) 34．These self-driving cars will be powered by renewable energy. (英译汉) 35．But the rubbish from cities can be collected and taken away; this isn’t true for the rubbish on cruise ships. (英译汉) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$