第一部分 必修第二册 Unit 4 Exploring literature-【高考DNA解码】2026年高考英语一轮总复习学生用书word（译林版2020）

必修第二册　UNIT 4 单元词句 语境背记 核心词汇 1．literature　2．sensitive　3．soul　4．capable　5．awaken　6．launch　7．contain　8．element　9．universal　10．feature　11．author　12．therefore　13．issue　14．novel　15．upper　16．gap　17．section　18．specific　19．topic　20．context 21．mean　22．stage　23．destroy　24．straighten　25．defeat　26．alongside　27．noble　28．flash 阅读词汇 1．earnest　2．butterfly　3．shell　4．turkey　5．章节；篇章　6．自传　7．传记，传记作品　8．用劲，使力；压力，拉力；重负　9．糊状的，软而稠的 拓展词汇 1．appealing　2．determined；determination　3．significance；significantly　4．describe　5．reflection　6．particularly　7．collect；collector　8．poet；poem　9．extreme　10．attempted　11．accomplishment；accomplished　12．confusing；confuse；confusion 高频短语 1．devote oneself to　2．in store (for sb．)　3．in summary　4．draw on　5．ought to　6．in particular　7．clear up　8．be on the point of doing sth．　9．对……有吸引力；向……呼吁　10．有能力；能够　11．在于　12．坚持；抓住　13．呈现；承担　14．克服　15．使某人注意…… 语境串记 1．respectable　2．elders　3．belonging　4．himself　5．collection　6．which/that　7．the　8．for　9．to donate　10．be written 考点归纳 精准讲练 1．①appealing　②to panic　③to [完美写作]to appeal to/make an appeal to everyone to take an active part in building a more beautiful school 2．①determination　②to organize [完美写作]that determines our lives 3．①reflection　②on/upon [完美写作]lost in deep reflection 4．①containers　②contains [完美写作]he could hardly contain himself 5．①to damage　②an [完美写作]After a series of fruitless attempts to find/at finding a way out 6．①on　②drawing [完美写作]to draw on this holiday to earn some money 7．①devotion　②devoted [完美写作]devoted their spare time to helping 8．①was walking　②when [完美写作]was about to pick up/was on the point of picking up 基础巩固 达标训练 Ⅰ．1．extremely　2．accomplishments　3．straighten　4．description　5．devotion　6．determination　7．reflection　8．sensitive　9．appealing；to　10．confused；about Ⅱ．1．(1)D　(2)E　(3)A　(4)B　(5)C　2．B　3．A Ⅲ．1．with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes；tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes　2．was walking cautiously along the road when　3．What struck me as interesting 主题引领 写作提能 应用文写作 Step 1 ①I'm extremely delighted that　②When it comes to the most impressive sentence for me　③but also helps me have more sympathy and generosity for others　④a harmonious society is bound to be accomplished　⑤you will particularly benefit a lot Step 2 ⑥Not only does it teach me how to get along well with others Step 3 Dear Anna， I'm extremely delighted that you are interested in Chinese literature．When it comes to the most impressive sentence for me，“Do not do to others what you don't want others to do to you” immediately comes to my mind． The sentence comes from the famous book The Analects of Confucius．From my point of view，not only does it teach me how to get along well with others but it also helps me have more sympathy and generosity for others．Moreover，it reflects politeness and good manners，which Chinese attach much importance to，and by following it，a harmonious society is bound to be accomplished． I'm sure you will particularly benefit a lot and have a more thorough understanding of Chinese customs and cultures． Yours， Li Hua 读后续写 Step 2 ①telling me that I had taken first place in the writing contest　②Dominated by an overwhelming sense of excitement and pride　③as if rooted to the ground　④was presented with my award　⑤With a broad smile spreading over/across his face 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 核心词汇 1．____________ n．文学，文学作品 2．____________ adj．感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的 3．____________ n．灵魂；心性，内心 4．____________ adj．有能力，有才能；能力强的　 5．____________ vt．& vi．唤起，被唤起；(使)醒来 6．____________ vt．使(船)下水；开始从事，发动 7．____________ vt．包含，含有，容纳 8．____________ n．要素，基本部分 9．____________ adj．普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的 10．____________ n．特色，特征 vt．以……为特色，是……的特征 11．____________ n．作者，作家 12．____________ adv．因此，所以 13．____________ n．重要议题，争论的问题；问题，担忧；(报刊)一期 vt．宣布，公布 14．____________ n．(长篇)小说 15．____________ adj．上部的；上面的 16．____________ n．差距；间隙 17．____________ n．部分，部门；部件，散件 18．____________ adj．特定的；明确的，具体的 19．____________ n．话题；题目；标题 20．____________ n．(事情发生的)背景，环境，来龙去脉；上下文，语境 21．____________ adj．吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的 22．____________ n．舞台；阶段；步骤 vt．上演，举办 23．____________ vt．摧毁，毁灭，破坏 24．____________ vt．挺直；(使)变直，变正 25．____________ vt．击败，战胜 n．失败，战败；击败 26．____________ adv．在……旁边；与……一起 27．____________ adj．贵族的，高贵的；崇高的；宏伟的 28．____________ n．闪光；闪现 vt．& vi．(使)闪光；(使)闪现 阅读词汇 1．____________ adj．非常认真的；诚实的，真诚的　 2．____________ n．蝴蝶 3．____________ n．贝壳；壳 4．____________ n．火鸡；火鸡肉 5．chapter n．________________ 6．autobiography n．________________ 7．biography n．________________ 8．strain n．________________ 9．mushy adj．________________ 拓展词汇 1．appeal vi．有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n．吸引力；申诉；呼吁→____________ adj．有吸引力的 2．determine vt．确定；支配；决心 vi．决心→____________ adj．坚定的；坚决的→____________ n．决心；决定 3．significant adj．有重要意义的，显著的→____________ n．意义；重要性→____________ adv．显著地；意味深长地 4．description n．描述，形容，说明→____________ vt．描写；形容；描绘 5．reflect vt．& vi．反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思→____________ n．反映；思考；(声、光、热等的)反射；映像 6．particular adj．特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的→____________ adv．特别；尤其 7．collection n．(同类)收藏品；作品集；募捐→____________ vt．收集；募捐→____________ n．收集者；收藏家 8．poetry n．诗集，诗歌→____________ n．诗人→____________ n．诗；韵文 9．extremely adv．极其，非常，极端→____________ adj．极其的；极端的 n．极端；极限 10．attempt vt．& n．努力，尝试，试图→____________ adj．未遂的 11．accomplish vt．完成→____________ n．成就；成绩；完成→____________ adj．技艺高超的；熟练的 12．confused adj．糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的→____________ adj．令人困惑的；难懂的→____________ vt．使困惑→____________ n．困惑；混淆 高频短语 1．________________ 致力，专心，献身 2．________________ 即将发生(在某人身上)，等待着(某人) 3．________________ 总的来说　　　　　　　　　　　4．________________ 凭借，利用 5．________________ 应该，应当 6．________________ 尤其，特别 7．________________ (头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理 8．________________ 正要做某事 9．appeal to________________ 10．be capable of________________ 11．lie in ________________ 12．hold on________________ 13．take on________________ 14．get over________________ 15．bring...to one's attention________________ 句型公式 1．A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear．(be doing...when...正在做……这时……) 一个孩子和一名男子正在海滩上散步，这时孩子发现了一枚贝壳并把它放到了耳边。 2．What amazed the child was not a new world，but the unnoticed music of the old．(what引导主语从句) 让这个孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界，而是那些被忽视的旧时的音乐。 3．In a word，we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature．(where 引导定语从句，修饰一个表示抽象地点的名词) 总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。 4．The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving in the air．(with复合结构) 鱼正正身子，又慢慢地游走，大尾巴在空中摇摆着。 There are many 1．____________ (respect) people around us．They may be our teachers，parents or one of our 2．____________ (elder)．As for me，my uncle Marines is the person I respect most．Now，I give you a brief introduction about him．Marines is a noble man 3．____________ (belong) to the upper class．He devotes 4．____________ (he) to literature and has made significant achievements．He has a large 5．____________ (collect) of books，containing some famous classic novels 6．____________ have been donated to the local libraries．So people in our town respect him for his generosity．Besides，he has a sensitive soul and often shows sympathy for 7．____________ old．I remember he once told me that no one knows what life has in store 8．____________ them．He also appeals to some authors 9．________ (donate)some of their books to the libraries．Because of his kindness and generosity，some people suggest that a biography should 10．________________ (write) for him．It reflects their earnest respect for my uncle． 1．appeal vi．有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n．吸引力；申诉；呼吁 ①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 6)As our cities become greener，they offer increasingly ____________ (appeal) spaces to animals looking for new habitats． ②Organisers appealed to the crowd not________(panic) when there came what sounded like a gunshot． ③The procedure appealed ____________ the staff a lot when it was introduced in January． 　应用文写作之倡议书 我写信是为了呼吁大家积极参与建设一所更加美丽的学校。 I am writing__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________. ◎appeal to sb．对某人有吸引力 ◎appeal to sb．to do sth．/for sth．呼吁某人做某事/为某事向某人呼吁 ◎make an appeal to sb．to do sth．恳求/呼吁某人做某事 ◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)When I got back home，suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as appealing． 当我回到家时，突然觉得骑自行车不再那么有吸引力了。 2．determine vt．确定；支配；决心 vi．决心 ①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 4)To succeed in business，you need more than a good idea，hard work and ____________ (determine)． ②Determined ________________ (organize) the theme class meeting wonderfully，I am writing to ask you for advice on which traditional Chinese cultures attract foreigners most． 　读后续写之主旨升华 决定我们人生的不是我们身上发生了什么，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。 It's not what happens to us ___________________________________________—it's what we make of what happens． ◎determine to do sth．决定做某事 ◎be determined to do sth．决心做某事 ◎with determination坚决地 (2025年1月·八省高考适应性考试)There should also be a diversity of old and new buildings，and people's interactions should determine how buildings get used and reused． 还应该有新旧建筑的多样性，而且建筑的使用及再利用方式应由人们的互动来决定。 3．reflect vt．& vi．反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思 ①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 2)But on __________ (reflect)，I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone． ②In summary，don't be afraid of mistakes，and you have to learn by reflecting ____________ them． 　读后续写之动作描写 听到我的话，他低下了头，陷入沉思中。 On hearing my words，he hung his head，____________________________________． ◎reflect on/upon sth．认真考虑/思考某事 ◎on reflection 反思，经再三考虑 ◎be lost in reflection陷入深思中 ◎(2024·北京卷)When we slow down，we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions． 当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪。 4．contain vt．[课本义]包含，含有，容纳　[增补义]控制；克制；抑制 ①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 6) There is evidence that urban racoons are more intelligent than their wild cousins，as they frequently have to figure out difficult problems such as how to open rubbish bins and other ____________ (container)． ②The box ____________ (contain) a number of letters，including those from her admirers and her husband's letters included as well． 　读后续写之情绪描写 听到这个激动人心的消息，他激动得几乎控制不住自己。 Hearing the exciting news，he was so excited that ________________________________________________． ◎contain sth．包含某物；遏制或克制某物 ◎contain oneself克制自己 ◎container n．容器；集装箱；货柜 ◎Learning that I had won first prize，I couldn't contain my excitement and danced into the teacher's office． 得知我赢得了一等奖，我无法抑制我的兴奋，跑跑跳跳进了老师的办公室。 5．attempt vt．& n．努力，尝试，试图 ①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 6)These were attempts ______________ (damage) Carson's reputation and stop her work from influencing public policy，but she remained determined to stand by her research． ②Tom has since reported the shocking findings to the government in ____________ attempt to emphasise that babies are at higher risk of developing asthma． 　读后续写之情绪描写 在幽暗的山谷里多次尝试找出口未果后，我们除了感到疲惫和饥饿之外，还感到绝望。 _____________________________________________________________________ in the gloomy valley，we felt desperate in addition to being tired and hungry． ◎make an attempt to do/at doing sth．试图或努力做某事 ◎at the first attempt第一次尝试时 ◎in an attempt to以求；试图；力图 ◎attempt to do sth．努力做某事；企图做某事 ◎(改编自《观察家报》)Don't be upset because of this failure，because few can succeed at the first attempt． 不要因为这次失败而感到沮丧，因为很少有人能在第一次尝试中成功。 6．draw on [课本义]凭借，利用　[增补义](时光)渐渐过去，荏苒 ①They build up huge reserves when oil prices fall，and draw ____________ the reserves to back up consumption when prices rise． ②China has found a balanced model of development by ____________ (draw) on the wisdom of Chinese traditional culture． 　完成句子 为了买他最喜欢的乐器，约翰决定利用这个假期赚些钱。 In an attempt to buy his favourite instrument，John determined ____________________________________________________________． ◎draw up起草；拟定 ◎draw one's attention/draw the attention of sb．吸引某人的注意力 ◎Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race，which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school． 上周日举办了一场特别的越野赛跑。这次的越野赛跑几乎引起了我们学校每个学生和老师的注意。 7．devote oneself to 致力；专心，献身 ①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 4)Like Zhang，they present their ideas in the hope of getting investment and advice，and they have the same passion and ____________ (devote)． ②He loves students and is ____________ (devote) to his work． 　读后续写之动作描写 邻居们用业余时间帮助别人重建家园。 Neighbors ________________________________________________ others rebuild homes． ◎devote one's life/time/energy to (doing) sth．把某人的一生/时间/精力奉献于(做)某事 ◎be devoted to 深爱；热衷于；专用于 ◎devotion n．奉献；忠诚 ◎(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)They are devoted to community service． 他们致力于社区服务。 8．[教材原句]A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear．一个孩子和一名男子正在海滩上散步，这时孩子发现了一枚贝壳并把它放到了耳边。 ①(北师大版必修第三册Unit 7) I ________________ (walk) down the road with two friends when the sun set；suddenly the sky turned as red as blood...I stood there shaking． ②The professor had just finished his speech __________ students rushed out of the classroom． 　读后续写之动作描写 我刚要去捡起地上的玻璃碎片，就听到妈妈的声音传来：“发生了什么事？” I ____________________________________________________________ the pieces of glass when I heard my mom's voice，“What's happening？” ◎be doing...when...是常见句式，意为“正在做……，这时(突然)……”。类似的句式还有：be about to do...when...；be on the point of doing...when...；had (just) done...when...。 ◎(2023·浙江1月卷)I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering． 我正站在车旁，这时一只蜂鸟飞到我们的中央，开始盘旋。 Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．A badly sunburned face or back is __________ (extreme) painful． 2．Marie Curie made the world a better place through her scientific ____________ (accomplish)． 3．A burst of laughter made him ____________ (straight) himself and look around． 4．She gave an exact ____________ (describe) of the attacker． 5．Everybody spoke in praise of her _________ (devote) to the cause of education． 6．Write a poem about how courage，_________(determine)，and strength have helped you face challenges in your life． 7．Any given culture is a ____________ (reflect) of the politics and economics of a given society． 8．Kids who grow up in a broken family tend to be more ____________ (sense) to people's feelings． 9．Jogging has become an ____________ (appeal) form of physical exercise，which appeals ____________ both men and women． 10．The problem really confuses the___________ (confuse) boy，who is always confused ____________ such things． Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义 1．mean A．adj．小气的，吝啬的　B．adj．不善良的　C．vt．表示……的意思　D．vt．打算　E．vt．意味着 (1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances． ________ (2)(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes． ________ (3) Though she is wealthy，she's always been mean with money． ________ (4) It's generally believed that it is mean to speak ill of others． ________ (5) The underlined phrase “taken aback” in the last paragraph means “shocked”． ________ 2．(2022·全国乙卷)A four-year tea promotion—Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative． ________ A．诉诸法律　　　　　　B．发布　　　　　　　　C．配发 3．Humor also transports your mind away from your daily troubles． ________ A．使解脱出来　　　　　B．运输，运送　　　　　C．传播 Ⅲ．写作迁移 1．汤姆扑到母亲的怀里，羞愧和尴尬的泪水夺眶而出。 →Tom threw himself into his mother's arms，__________________________．(with复合结构) →Tom threw himself into his mother's arms，________________________________________________．(独立主格结构) 2．他正在路上小心翼翼地走着，这时他突然脚一滑，摔倒了。 He _________________________________________________________________ his feet slipped and he fell over． 3．让我觉得有趣的是，我们在多大程度上以穿着来判断他人。 ________________________________________ is how much we judge other people by the clothes they wear． 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Anna对中国文学非常感兴趣，给你发邮件请你推荐一本书进行阅读。请你回复邮件。内容包括：1．乐于推荐；2．推荐的作品及理由。 　写作微练 ①我非常高兴你对中国文学感兴趣。 ________________________________________ you are interested in Chinese literature． ②当谈到最令我印象深刻的一句话时，“己所不欲，勿施于人”立刻出现在我的脑海里。这句话出自著名的《论语》。 ________________________________________________，“Do not do to others what you don't want others to do to you” immediately comes to my mind．The sentence comes from the famous book The Analects of Confucius． ③它不仅教会了我如何与他人和睦相处，也让我对他人有更多的同情和慷慨。(generosity) It not only teaches me how to get along well with others ________________________________________________________． ④它反映了中国人非常重视的礼貌和礼节，并通过遵循它，一个和谐的社会必然会被实现。 It reflects politeness and good manners，which Chinese attach much importance to，and by following it，_____________________________________________． ⑤我相信你会受益匪浅，对中国的风俗和文化有更深入的了解。 I'm sure ____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________and have a more thorough understanding of Chinese customs and cultures． 　句式升级 ⑥用倒装句升级句③ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________but it also helps me have more sympathy and generosity for others． 　妙笔成篇 　语料积累 教材语料 亮词 sensitive；mean；generosity；confused；determine；awaken；destroy；attempt；accomplish；devote oneself to；draw on 美句 1．The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving in the air． 2．A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear． 3．The fish was coming in on his circle now calm and beautiful looking and only his great tail moving． 拓展语料 单词 shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事 v．使震惊→shocked adj．惊愕的，感到震惊的→shocking adj．令人震惊的；astonish v．使吃惊，使惊讶→astonished adj．感到惊讶的；十分惊奇的→astonishing adj．令人惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶 语块 to one's shock/astonishment/surprise/amazement 令某人震惊/吃惊/惊异的是；in astonishment/surprise/shock/amazement吃惊地/震惊地/惊异地；It amazes/astonishes me that...令我惊讶的是……；What amazes/astonishes me most is...最让我吃惊的是…… 句型 1．A look of surprise spread over/across her face． 惊愕的表情在她的脸上蔓延开来。 2．Seeing the astonishing scene，he was thrown into astonishment． 看到这惊人的场面，他大吃一惊。 3．My jaw dropped in astonishment when I saw the size of the audience． 当我看到这么多观众时，我惊掉了下巴。 4．The moment I opened the box，my eyes grew wide in great surprise/astonishment． 我一打开盒子，就惊奇地睁大了眼睛。 5．Hearing the unexpected news，Mary was numb with shock． 听到这个意外的消息，Mary惊呆了。 　语料运用 ①我还记得那是一个星期一的早晨，老师把我叫到他的办公室，告诉我，我在写作比赛中得了第一名。(动词-ing形式短语作状语) I still remember it was a Monday morning，when my teacher called me to his office，________________________________________________________________． ②听到他的话，我被一种强烈的兴奋和自豪感所控制，只是目瞪口呆地站在那里。(过去分词短语作状语) ________________________________________________________ at his words，I simply stood there dumbfounded． ③我的脚就像扎根在地上一样，一动也不能动。(状语从句的省略) My feet，________________________________，couldn't move a bit． ④第二天，我在典礼上被授予了奖项。 颁奖典礼后，我去了老师的办公室。 The next day，I ________________________________________ at the ceremony．I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation． ⑤他的脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容，他告诉我，他为我的精彩表现感到骄傲。(with复合结构) ________________________________________________，he told me that he was proud of my wonderful performance． 5 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$