精品解析：第五部分 完形填空-【创新教程】2025年初升高中职英语衔接教材一本通

第五部分 完形填空 名师讲坛 考点1 记叙文 ◆[文体特点] 1. 记人记叙文类完形填空 通过对人物肖像的描写，考查考生对人物的气质和性格特征的理解； 通过对人物语言，如独白、对话的描写，考查考生对人物心理的理解； 通过对人物行为的描写，考查考生对人物思想的理解； 通过对细节、典型事例的描写，考查考生对人物精神面貌的理解。 2. 叙事记叙文类完形填空 通过对事情发展过程的描写，考查考生对事物间逻辑关系的理解； 通过对事物的描写，考查考生对作者写作目的的理解。 ◆[解题思路] 1. 了解作者所叙述的故事的各种线索。记叙文类完形填空有很强的可读性，所以在做题时要特别留意文章中的时间（when）、地点（where）、人物（who）、原因（why）等要素，以便对文章进行定位，了解故事的开始、发展和结局，然后将整个故事情节串联起来，达到全景化理解故事的目的。 2. 注意作者写作的逻辑顺序。根据故事的不同特点，作者在写作时会采用不同的叙述方式。有的会按时间顺序叙述，最后点出故事的结局；而有的则采用倒叙的方式，先点出故事的结局和影响，然后再叙述故事的发生和发展。了解作者的叙述手法，有助于对文章的整体理解。 3. 重视作者对人物的动作、语言和心理活动的描写，体会作者的写作意图。对文章中的人物态度、性格的描写体现作者对人物的喜好或对事件的看法，抓住这一点，有助于更好地理解故事情节。 4. 重视文化背景知识的应用。很多完形填空涉及西方文化背景知识，比如宗教、文化习俗等内容，它们都对考生理解文章起重要作用，同时也要关注东西方文化的差异，这也是完成某些题目的一个必要条件。 ◆[解题技巧] 1. 根据上下文确定答案 完形填空所给选项的词性都是相同的，主要考查词义。在选择时可以把选项代入文章中，根据上下文的意思看哪个更符合语境，从而作出合理的判断。 [例]Do you ever watch old movies? Maybe you will see one with Carole Lombard. She was a famous ________ in the 1930s. A. nurse B. actress C. doctor D. teacher. [解析]根据前文中 old movies（老电影）及Maybe you will see one with Carole Lombard.（可能你会看卡罗尔·隆巴德演过的电影。）可知，此人应为一名演员，A：护士；B：女演员；C：医生；D：老师。 [答案]B 2. 根据习惯用法确定答案 完形填空有时考查固定搭配或习惯用法。这就要求考生能根据上下文识别出习惯用法，从而作出正确判断。 [例]The head teacher at the school said, "I’m proud ________ her. She is loved by every pupil…" A. for B. with C. of D. in [解析]be proud of…为……感到自豪。 [答案]C 考点2 说明文 ◆[文体特点] 说明文一般用简练的语言，按一定的方法介绍事物的类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系或事物的运动变化、发展的过程及规律。说明文十分讲究条理性，一般采用时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序说明内容。 说明文一般分为三类：（1）事物的说明；（2）事理的说明；（3）文艺性的说明。 说明文通常具有下列特点： （1）多用现在时态。因为说明文通常是对客观事物或事理的一种介绍与解释，而这种客观介绍与解释一般是不随时间变化而变化的。 （2）采用客观描述。说明文一般是对客观存在的事的说明与介绍。因此，语言的表述也应该尽可能地给人以客观可信的感觉。 （3）遣词用字简练、平实、确切。说明文的主要目的是帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，故其语言通常较为浅显、通俗，比较易于读者理解。其内容也很客观真实，它的用词总是贴近事物的本来面目，不会使用华丽的辞藻和夸张的写作手法，一般也不加描述和议论。 ◆[解题技巧] 做好说明文类完形填空，最主要的是抓住文章说明的中心，这要求考生做好三个方面： 1. 注意文章的说明顺序。常见的说明顺序有时间、空间、逻辑（指先因后果或先果后因，先主后次的顺序）和认识顺序（指由此及彼，由浅入深，由局部到整体，由现象到本质，由具体到抽象的顺序）。把握了说明的顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，抓住文章的中心。 2. 注意段落之间的逻辑关系。说明文的首段往往是文章的主题段，每段的首句也常是主题句，一定要把握好主题段和主题句，这是做好这类完形填空题的前提。 3. 注意文章结尾。文章结尾的段落往往对说明的问题进行总的概括，有时就是文章的点睛之处。 专项集训 一、记叙文 学做家务 Lisa is serious about the chores in her house. She gives her children things that they ____1____ do according to their ages. She started by asking John, the ____2____ of her two sons, to help with the dishes. It is now an easy chore ____3____ the 15-year-old. His 13-year-old brother, Dave, now ____4____ John too. They take turns (轮流) washing the ____5____ each week. The boys also clean their study tables, make their beds and ____6____ food from the market on Sunday mornings. Besides (除了) these, the boys also know how to cook easy meals ____7____ their parents are not at home. The family of ____8____ live in a big house but they do all the housework themselves. Lisa says, “When I was young, my father wanted us to do things on our own and to learn how to ____9____ ourselves. Now I’m doing it to my kids.” John says, “Doing chores is ____10____. You can learn important life skills and responsibility (责任).” 1. A. must B. can C. may D. will 2. A. elder B. taller C. younger D. shorter 3. A. with B. as C. for D. by 4. A. likes B. finds C. hates D. helps 5. A. hands B. food C. fruit D. clothes 6. A. borrow B. cook C. buy D. sell 7. A. when B. how C. what D. why 8. A. two B. three C. four D. five 9. A. work on B. live in C. look at D. take care of 10. A. difficult B. good C. bad D. boring 二、记叙文 一次做梦 John was floating (漂浮). “Where am I?” he wanted to know. He looked around and saw lots of stars and planets around him. “Wow! I must be in ____11____!” He looked down and ____12____ that he was wearing a spacesuit (航天服). “It’s wonderful,” he thought. John had always wanted to be an astronaut. He was very ____13____ different planets and stars. Now he looked around for his favourite ones. He saw Jupiter first ____14____ it was the largest. Then, he saw Mars. It ____15____ just as red as it was in pictures. The next planet ____16____ him a lot. It was the earth. “It is even more incredible (难以置信的) than I thought it would be,” he said. He could not ____17____ how great the greens and blues on the planet looked. While he was looking at the earth, he saw the sun rise behind it. It was the most beautiful thing he had ____18____ seen in his life. “How is this happening?” The ____19____ came to John. Just then, John woke up. He had been dreaming! John smiled and thought it was the best ____20____ he had ever made. He couldn’t wait to run to the kitchen to tell his mum about that. 11 A. water B. palace C. town D. space 12. A. met B. found C. hoped D. remembered 13. A. sorry for B. afraid of C. crazy about D. proud of 14. A. because B. if C. although D. till 15. A. sounded B. looked C. tasted D. smelt 16 A. missed B. satisfied C. surprised D. changed 17. A. believe B. feel C. report D. decide 18. A. never B. yet C. before D. ever 19. A. gift B. question C. plan D. trouble 20. A. job B. life C. dream D. idea 三、记叙文 成为航空公司飞行员 In 1959, when Jean Harper was in the third grade, her teacher asked the class to ____21____ about what they wanted to be when they grew up. Jean’s father was a pilot (飞行员), so Jean was very interested in airplanes and ____22____. She wrote about her dream of ____23____ an airline pilot. Her paper came back with an “F” on it. The teacher told her it was a “fairy tale (童话)” and that it wasn’t a ____24____ for a woman. Jean experienced years of hurt and fear because of what her teacher told her. Things ____25____ when she met her English teacher Dorothy Slaton in senior high school. Mrs. Slaton said, “You have talents (天赋). If you don’t go after your dreams, once you leave school, ____26____ will do it for you. You can get what you want if you want it enough.” Jean felt ____27____. She told Mrs. Slaton all about her old ____28____. The teacher leaned (倚靠) over her desk and said, “Then do it!” So Jean did. In 1978, she ____29____ one of the first three female (女性的) pilot trainees (实习生) ever accepted by United Airlines and one of only fifty ____30____ airline pilots in the nation at that time. Some years later, Jean Harper became a Boeing 737 captain (领队) for United Airlines. 21. A. speak B. write C. listen D. read 22. A. acting B. writing C. driving D. flying 23. A. becoming B. growing C. teaching D. training 24. A. birth B. job C. gift D. chance 25. A. changed B. started C. moved D. arrived 26. A. somebody B. everybody C. nobody D. anybody 27. A. excited B. angry C. sorry D. nervous 28. A. message B. job C. truth D. dream 29. A. became B. turned C. taught D. got 30. A. women B. men C. young D. old 四、说明文 保护视力的办法 It is reported that over 300 million people in China are suffering (遭受) from nearsightedness (近视). As more children have got eyesight ____31____, their parents hope to solve the problem in some different ways, for example, by correcting the ways when children ____32____ and sit. But in fact, one should start with the exercise from one’s feet. Here are three ____33____ to save eyes. First, don’t tie your shoes too closely. Try to wear comfortable and soft shoes and ____34____ or walking without shoes or socks at home. While you are traveling, try to ____35____ cloth shoes in order to improve blood circulation (循环). Second, walking on tiptoes (脚尖) is good ____36____ one’s eyesight. It can improve eyesight. Studies show that ____37____ of the ballet (芭蕾) performers’ eyesight is good. Third, rope skipping (跳绳) ____38____ good for one’s eyesight. When skipping the rope, one has to move quickly, making both the brain and the eyes excited. It may also ____39____ one grow taller. Besides (除……之外) foot exercises, it is good to pull (拉) one’s ____40____. Pulling the ears 20 times quickly is also a good way. It can keep one’s eyes healthy. 31. A. trouble B. break C. sick D. life 32. A. play B. move C. speak D. read 33. A. messages B. roads C. ways D. ideas 34. A. clothes B. socks C. shirts D. trousers 35. A. put B. in C. dress D. wear 36. A. in B. to C. for D. at 37. A. all B. most C. none D. few 38. A. are B. is C. does D. do 39. A. make B. put C. like D. find 40. A. hair B. ears C. hand D. foot 五、记叙文 坐热气球遇上暴雨的故事 I’ll never forget the day when I went on a hot-air balloon (热气球) trip. It was a birthday gift from my aunt. I had to ____41____ early, but it wasn’t a problem. I couldn’t sleep because I was so excited. My parents and my aunt came to ____42____. They waved (挥手) as I got into the balloon. There were five other people and the pilot in it. When we took off, it was quite ____43____ and I couldn’t hear anything. Then it became much quieter, I can’t describe the ____44____. It felt like a dream. The sky was blue and clear, I could see all the people below us. They were getting smaller and smaller ____45____ we got higher and higher. ____46____, a rainstorm began! The balloon started to drop. The pilot decided to land as quickly as possible, but he couldn’t ____47____ the balloon. The wind was blowing us to the sea. It was very scary! Luckily, the ____48____ changed direction (方向) and we were finally able to land on a hill. We fell out of the balloon. Luckily, no one was hurt. I could walk back to my ____49____ and show them I was OK. Was I ____50____? Yes very. Will I ever do it again? Not sure! 41. A. cut out B. get up C. hang out D. give up 42. A. help B. play C. watch D. practice 43. A. happy B. sad C. lucky D. noisy 44. A. feeling B. problem C. event D. result 45. A. until B. as C. but D. although 46. A. Luckily B. Usually C. Secondly D. Suddenly 47. A. improve B. control C. catch D. repair 48. A. wind B. plane C. bird D. taxi 49. A. team B. family C. friends D. classmates 50. A. bored B. lonely C. scared D. strict 六、说明文 帮助独居老人的建议 There are some problems for many old people. They may feel ____51____ because of living by themselves. We should try to help them. Here is something about how to help the old. At first, you can join a(n) ____52____, because it often needs volunteers to help with the old. Then you can look after the old. If you don’t have enough time to volunteer, you can ____53____ other ways. An excellent way is to ____54____ money, clothes or food to an organization. In this way, you can ____55____ help them. You can bring ____56____ to the old. This not only brings them healthy food, but also happiness. It’s also a good idea to cook and enjoy the meal together in the person’s house. You may help out the ____57____, such as cleaning the windows and the door. This will make the old feel ____58____ and be happy with you. Drive the old to places they have ____59____ in. Then you will have a great time together. If they are ____60____ enough, have some exercise activities. This will help the old keep healthy. Through such activities, they can also make new friends with each other. 51. A. simple B. lucky C. lonely D. poor 52. A. article B. group C. menu D. point 53 A. refuse B. invite C. choose D. share 54. A. give away B. take up C. turn down D. bring out 55. A. still B. never C. hardly D. finally 56. A. hobbies B. prizes C. peace D. meals 57. A. schoolwork B. discussion C. competition D. housework 58. A. difficult B. comfortable C. dangerous D. surprised 59. A. interest B. dream C. problem D. answer 60. A. friendly B. strong C. natural D. noisy 七、记叙文 把医生当作插队者的故事 It was a cold morning in London. The weather was very cold, and many people were ____61____. So there were many people in the doctor’s waiting room. At the ____62____ of the line (队伍) was an old woman. The woman was a ____63____. She did not live in the city. She lived in the ____64____. She was in the city to visit her daughter. She wanted to see the doctor ____65____ her back hurt. “If I get there early, I can see the doctor quickly,” she thought. So she was the first in the line. She sat ____66____ to the doctor’s door. A man ____67____ the waiting room, and walked quickly to the doctor’s door. The old woman thought he was a line jumper (插队者). She ____68____ up and took him by the arm. Slowly, she said, “We were all here before you. You ____69____ wait for your turn. Do you understand?” The man answered, “No, madam. You don’t understand! You are all ____70____ me! I’m the doctor!” 61. A. cold B. free C. sick D. busy 62. A. head B. end C. back D. foot 63. A. doctor B. player C. visitor D. reader 64. A. city B. countryside C. hospital D. street 65. A. so B. but C. or D. because 66. A. earliest B. nearest C. latest D. farthest 67. A. walked out B. came out C. stayed away D. came into 68. A. hit B. stopped C. stood D. had 69 A. can B. may C. must D. will 70. A. before B. after C. for D. against 八、记叙文 一则寓言故事 There was a time when people didn’t have to work for food. When they got ____71____, they just reached up to the sky, broke off a piece, and ate it. One day, the sky was angry ____72____ people took far more than they could eat. He said to the king, “If your people keep wasting my gifts, I won’t ____73____ gifts to you.” The king was afraid. He made a(n) ____74____ and told his people to eat the sky only when they were hungry. And for a long time that was what they did. Then there came a great festival. People danced and ____75____ for many days. One night, a woman ____76____ a big piece of sky home. However, she was too ____77____ to finish it. She asked her family to share it, but they were all full, too. ____78____, she had to throw it away. The sky shouted, “I’m leaving and going far away.” “How will the people live?” The king asked. “All of you must learn to work for food,” the sky answered. “Maybe then you’ll ____79____ why you shouldn’t waste.” From that day on, all the people worked to have ____80____ and the sky was far away just as it is today. 71. A. tired B. upset C. excited D. hungry 72. A. if B. because C. after D. unless 73. A. give away B. set up C. bring out D. fall down 74. A. event B. habit C. notice D. e-mail 75. A. trained B. celebrated C. discussed D. shouted 76. A. carried B. threw C. bought D. blew 77. A. busy B. shy C. scared D. full 78. A. Easily B. Luckily C. Finally D. Happily 79. A. choose B. understand C. point D. forget 80. A. money B. time C. water D. food 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第五部分 完形填空 名师讲坛 考点1 记叙文 ◆[文体特点] 1. 记人记叙文类完形填空 通过对人物肖像的描写，考查考生对人物的气质和性格特征的理解； 通过对人物语言，如独白、对话描写，考查考生对人物心理的理解； 通过对人物行为的描写，考查考生对人物思想的理解； 通过对细节、典型事例的描写，考查考生对人物精神面貌的理解。 2. 叙事记叙文类完形填空 通过对事情发展过程的描写，考查考生对事物间逻辑关系的理解； 通过对事物的描写，考查考生对作者写作目的的理解。 ◆[解题思路] 1. 了解作者所叙述的故事的各种线索。记叙文类完形填空有很强的可读性，所以在做题时要特别留意文章中的时间（when）、地点（where）、人物（who）、原因（why）等要素，以便对文章进行定位，了解故事的开始、发展和结局，然后将整个故事情节串联起来，达到全景化理解故事的目的。 2. 注意作者写作逻辑顺序。根据故事的不同特点，作者在写作时会采用不同的叙述方式。有的会按时间顺序叙述，最后点出故事的结局；而有的则采用倒叙的方式，先点出故事的结局和影响，然后再叙述故事的发生和发展。了解作者的叙述手法，有助于对文章的整体理解。 3. 重视作者对人物动作、语言和心理活动的描写，体会作者的写作意图。对文章中的人物态度、性格的描写体现作者对人物的喜好或对事件的看法，抓住这一点，有助于更好地理解故事情节。 4. 重视文化背景知识的应用。很多完形填空涉及西方文化背景知识，比如宗教、文化习俗等内容，它们都对考生理解文章起重要作用，同时也要关注东西方文化的差异，这也是完成某些题目的一个必要条件。 ◆[解题技巧] 1. 根据上下文确定答案 完形填空所给选项的词性都是相同的，主要考查词义。在选择时可以把选项代入文章中，根据上下文的意思看哪个更符合语境，从而作出合理的判断。 [例]Do you ever watch old movies? Maybe you will see one with Carole Lombard. She was a famous ________ in the 1930s. A. nurse B. actress C. doctor D. teacher. [解析]根据前文中 old movies（老电影）及Maybe you will see one with Carole Lombard.（可能你会看卡罗尔·隆巴德演过的电影。）可知，此人应为一名演员，A：护士；B：女演员；C：医生；D：老师。 [答案]B 2. 根据习惯用法确定答案 完形填空有时考查固定搭配或习惯用法。这就要求考生能根据上下文识别出习惯用法，从而作出正确判断。 [例]The head teacher at the school said, "I’m proud ________ her. She is loved by every pupil…" A. for B. with C. of D. in [解析]be proud of…为……感到自豪。 [答案]C 考点2 说明文 ◆[文体特点] 说明文一般用简练的语言，按一定的方法介绍事物的类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系或事物的运动变化、发展的过程及规律。说明文十分讲究条理性，一般采用时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序说明内容。 说明文一般分为三类：（1）事物的说明；（2）事理的说明；（3）文艺性的说明。 说明文通常具有下列特点： （1）多用现在时态。因为说明文通常是对客观事物或事理的一种介绍与解释，而这种客观介绍与解释一般是不随时间变化而变化的。 （2）采用客观描述。说明文一般是对客观存在的事的说明与介绍。因此，语言的表述也应该尽可能地给人以客观可信的感觉。 （3）遣词用字简练、平实、确切。说明文的主要目的是帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，故其语言通常较为浅显、通俗，比较易于读者理解。其内容也很客观真实，它的用词总是贴近事物的本来面目，不会使用华丽的辞藻和夸张的写作手法，一般也不加描述和议论。 ◆[解题技巧] 做好说明文类完形填空，最主要的是抓住文章说明的中心，这要求考生做好三个方面： 1. 注意文章的说明顺序。常见的说明顺序有时间、空间、逻辑（指先因后果或先果后因，先主后次的顺序）和认识顺序（指由此及彼，由浅入深，由局部到整体，由现象到本质，由具体到抽象的顺序）。把握了说明的顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，抓住文章的中心。 2. 注意段落之间的逻辑关系。说明文的首段往往是文章的主题段，每段的首句也常是主题句，一定要把握好主题段和主题句，这是做好这类完形填空题的前提。 3. 注意文章结尾。文章结尾的段落往往对说明的问题进行总的概括，有时就是文章的点睛之处。 专项集训 一、记叙文 学做家务 Lisa is serious about the chores in her house. She gives her children things that they ____1____ do according to their ages. She started by asking John, the ____2____ of her two sons, to help with the dishes. It is now an easy chore ____3____ the 15-year-old. His 13-year-old brother, Dave, now ____4____ John too. They take turns (轮流) washing the ____5____ each week. The boys also clean their study tables, make their beds and ____6____ food from the market on Sunday mornings. Besides (除了) these, the boys also know how to cook easy meals ____7____ their parents are not at home. The family of ____8____ live in a big house but they do all the housework themselves. Lisa says, “When I was young, my father wanted us to do things on our own and to learn how to ____9____ ourselves. Now I’m doing it to my kids.” John says, “Doing chores is ____10____. You can learn important life skills and responsibility (责任).” 1. A. must B. can C. may D. will 2. A. elder B. taller C. younger D. shorter 3. A. with B. as C. for D. by 4. A. likes B. finds C. hates D. helps 5. A. hands B. food C. fruit D. clothes 6. A. borrow B. cook C. buy D. sell 7. A. when B. how C. what D. why 8. A. two B. three C. four D. five 9. A. work on B. live in C. look at D. take care of 10. A. difficult B. good C. bad D. boring 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了丽莎让他的儿子学会做家务，学会生活技巧和责任的故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她根据她的孩子的年龄，给他们能做的事情。A. must必须；B. can能够；C. may可以；D. will将。根据“She gives her children things that they ... do according to their ages.”可知，此处表示能力，给他们能做的事情，故用情态动词can。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她开始让她的两个儿子中年长的约翰帮助洗碗。A. elder年长的；B. taller更高的；C. younger更年轻的；D. shorter更矮的。根据“It is now an easy chore ... the 15-year-old boy. His 13-year-old brother, Dave”可知，约翰15岁，戴维13岁，因此约翰是年长的。故选A。 【3题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：现在它对于一个15岁的男孩来说这是一件容易的家务。A. with用；B. as作为；C. for对于；D. by通过。分析句子可知，这是固定句型“It’s+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”表示“做某事对于某人来说是……的”。故选C。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的13岁的弟弟戴维也帮助约翰。A. likes喜欢；B. finds找到；C. hates增恨；D. helps帮助。根据后文“They take turns (轮流) washing the ... each week.”可知，弟弟戴维在帮助约翰一起做家务。故选D。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们每周轮流洗衣服。A. hands手；B. food食物；C. fruit水果；D. clothes衣服。根据后文“The boys also clean their study tables, make their beds”可知，此处应是指家务中的洗衣服，wash clothes“洗衣服”。故选D。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在星期日的早上，男孩们也打扫书桌，整理床铺，从市场上买食物。A. borrow借；B. cook煮；C. buy买；D. sell卖。根据后文“Besides (除了) these, the boys also know how to cook easy meals”可知，从他们市场上买食物做简单的饭菜。故选C。 【7题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：除此之外，当他们的父母不在家时，男孩们也知道如何做些简单的饭。A. when当……时候：B. how如何；C. what什么；D. why为什么。根据前半句“the boys also know how to cook easy meals”可知，此处表示当父母不在家时，他们会自己做饭。故选A。 【8题详解】 考查数词词义辨析。句意：虽然四口之家住在一座大房子里，但是他们自己做家务。A. two二；B. three三；C. four四；D. five五。结合上文可知，约翰家有他的父母，他和弟弟戴维，一共四口人。故选C。 【9题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我小时候，我父亲想让我独立地做事，学会如何照顾自己。A. work on从事；B. live in居住；C. look at看；D. take care of照看，照顾。根据前文“When I was young, my father wanted us to do things on our own”可知，父亲想让我们独立做事，学会照顾自己。故选D。 【10题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：做家务是很好的。A. difficult困难的；B. good好的；C. bad坏的；D. boring无聊的。根据后文“You can learn important life skills and responsibility (责任).”可知，此处表示做家务的好处。故选B。 二、记叙文 一次做梦 John was floating (漂浮). “Where am I?” he wanted to know. He looked around and saw lots of stars and planets around him. “Wow! I must be in ____11____!” He looked down and ____12____ that he was wearing a spacesuit (航天服). “It’s wonderful,” he thought. John had always wanted to be an astronaut. He was very ____13____ different planets and stars. Now he looked around for his favourite ones. He saw Jupiter first ____14____ it was the largest. Then, he saw Mars. It ____15____ just as red as it was in pictures. The next planet ____16____ him a lot. It was the earth. “It is even more incredible (难以置信的) than I thought it would be,” he said. He could not ____17____ how great the greens and blues on the planet looked. While he was looking at the earth, he saw the sun rise behind it. It was the most beautiful thing he had ____18____ seen in his life. “How is this happening?” The ____19____ came to John. Just then, John woke up. He had been dreaming! John smiled and thought it was the best ____20____ he had ever made. He couldn’t wait to run to the kitchen to tell his mum about that. 11. A. water B. palace C. town D. space 12. A. met B. found C. hoped D. remembered 13. A. sorry for B. afraid of C. crazy about D. proud of 14. A. because B. if C. although D. till 15. A. sounded B. looked C. tasted D. smelt 16. A. missed B. satisfied C. surprised D. changed 17. A. believe B. feel C. report D. decide 18. A. never B. yet C. before D. ever 19. A. gift B. question C. plan D. trouble 20. A. job B. life C. dream D. idea 【答案】11. D 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John做的一次梦。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我肯定在太空！A. water水；B. palace宫殿；C. town城镇；D. space太空。根据前文“He looked around and saw lots of stars and planets around him.”可知，周围有许多星星和行星，因此这是在推测自己在太空。故选D。 【12题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他低头一看，发现自己穿着航天服。A. met遇见；B. found发现；C. hoped希望；D. remembered记得。根据前文“He looked down”和后文“he was wearing a spacesuit”可知，他向下一看，发现自己穿着航天服。故选B。 【13题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：他对不同的行星和恒星非常着迷。A. sorry for抱歉；B. afraid of害怕；C. crazy about对……着迷；D. proud of对……自豪。根据前文“John had always wanted to be an astronaut.”可知，约翰对不同的行星和恒星非常着迷。故选C。 【14题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他首先看到木星，因为它是最大的。A. because因为；B. if如果；C. although虽然；D. till直到。根据句意可知，前后句是因果关系，且空后是原因，因此应用because。故选A。 【15题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它看起来和照片中一样红。A. sounded听起来；B. looked看起来；C. tasted尝起来；D. smelt闻起来。根据后文“as red as”可知，是指看起来和照片中一样红。故选B。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：下一个星球让他很惊讶。A. missed错过；B. satisfied满意的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. changed改变的。根据后文“It is even more incredible (难以置信的) than I thought it would be”可知，约翰感到很惊讶。故选C。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他简直不敢相信这个星球上的绿色和蓝色看起来有多棒。A. believe相信；B. feel感觉；C. report报道；D. decide决定。根据“He could not ... how great the greens and blues on the planet looked.”可知，这里是指简直不敢相信这个星球上的绿色和蓝色看起来有多棒。故选A。 【18题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是他一生中见过的最美丽的东西。A. never从不；B. yet然而；C. before在……之前；D. ever曾经。根据“he had ... seen in his life”可知，这是约翰曾经见过的最美丽的东西。故选D。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：约翰想到了这个问题。A. gift礼物；B. question问题；C. plan计划；D. trouble麻烦。根据前文“How is this happening?”可知，约翰想到了这个问题。故选B。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：约翰笑了，认为这是他做过的最好的梦。A. job工作；B. life生活；C. dream梦；D. idea想法。根据前文“He had been dreaming!”可知，这是一个梦。故选C。 三、记叙文 成为航空公司飞行员 In 1959, when Jean Harper was in the third grade, her teacher asked the class to ____21____ about what they wanted to be when they grew up. Jean’s father was a pilot (飞行员), so Jean was very interested in airplanes and ____22____. She wrote about her dream of ____23____ an airline pilot. Her paper came back with an “F” on it. The teacher told her it was a “fairy tale (童话)” and that it wasn’t a ____24____ for a woman. Jean experienced years of hurt and fear because of what her teacher told her. Things ____25____ when she met her English teacher Dorothy Slaton in senior high school. Mrs. Slaton said, “You have talents (天赋). If you don’t go after your dreams, once you leave school, ____26____ will do it for you. You can get what you want if you want it enough.” Jean felt ____27____. She told Mrs. Slaton all about her old ____28____. The teacher leaned (倚靠) over her desk and said, “Then do it!” So Jean did. In 1978, she ____29____ one of the first three female (女性的) pilot trainees (实习生) ever accepted by United Airlines and one of only fifty ____30____ airline pilots in the nation at that time. Some years later, Jean Harper became a Boeing 737 captain (领队) for United Airlines. 21. A. speak B. write C. listen D. read 22. A. acting B. writing C. driving D. flying 23. A. becoming B. growing C. teaching D. training 24. A. birth B. job C. gift D. chance 25. A. changed B. started C. moved D. arrived 26. A. somebody B. everybody C. nobody D. anybody 27. A. excited B. angry C. sorry D. nervous 28. A. message B. job C. truth D. dream 29. A. became B. turned C. taught D. got 30. A. women B. men C. young D. old 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了珍・哈珀从小梦想成为飞行员，但在三年级时因性别偏见被老师否定，直到高中遇到英语老师多萝西・斯莱顿，在其鼓励下追逐梦想，最终成为美国联合航空公司波音737机长的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1959年，当珍·哈珀在三年级时，她的老师让全班同学描述他们长大后想成为什么样的人。A. speak说；B. write写；C. listen听；D. read读。根据后文“She wrote about her dream of ... ”可知，老师让学生“写”下梦想。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：珍的父亲是一名飞行员，因此珍对飞机和飞行非常感兴趣。A. acting表演；B. writing写作；C. driving驾驶；D. flying飞行。根据“Jean’s father was a pilot”可知，她的兴趣与“飞行”相关。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她写下了成为一名航空公司飞行员的梦想。A. becoming成为；B. growing成长；C. teaching教学；D. training训练。根据“She wrote about her dream of ... an airline pilot.”可知，此处表示“成为飞行员”。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师告诉她这是“童话”，并且这不是女性的工作。A. birth出生；B. job工作；C. gift礼物；D. chance机会。根据前文“what they wanted to be when they grew up”可知，老师认为这不是女性的“工作”。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她在高中遇到英语老师多萝西·斯莱顿时，事情发生了改变。A. changed改变；B. started开始；C. moved移动；D. arrived到达。根据“You have talents. ... You can get what you want if you want it enough.”可知，后文提到老师鼓励她追求梦想，与之前的负面经历形成转折，故“事情改变了”。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：如果你不追求梦想，一旦离开学校，没有人会为你去做。A. somebody某人；B. everybody每个人；C. nobody没有人；D. anybody任何人。根据语境可知，老师强调“追求梦想只能靠自己”，用“nobody”表否定。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：珍感到兴奋。A. excited兴奋的；B. angry愤怒的；C. sorry抱歉的；D. nervous紧张的。根据“You have talents. ... You can get what you want if you want it enough.”可知，老师的鼓励让她受到鼓舞，“excited”符合积极的情绪状态。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她告诉斯莱顿夫人所有关于她过去的梦想。A. message信息；B. job工作；C. truth真相；D. dream梦想。根据前文“She wrote about her dream of ... an airline pilot.”可知，她的梦想是成为飞行员，此处指“过去的梦想”。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1978年，她成为联合航空公司首批三名女性飞行员实习生之一，当时全国仅有的50名女性航空公司飞行员之一。A. became成为；B. turned转变；C. taught教授；D. got获得。根据“one of the first three female pilot trainees”可知，此处表示“成为女性飞行员实习生之一”。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1978年，她成为联合航空公司首批三名女性飞行员实习生之一，当时全国仅有的50名女性航空公司飞行员之一。A. women女性；B. men男性；C. young年轻的；D. old年长的。根据前文“female pilot trainees”可知，此处强调“女性飞行员”。故选A。 四、说明文 保护视力的办法 It is reported that over 300 million people in China are suffering (遭受) from nearsightedness (近视). As more children have got eyesight ____31____, their parents hope to solve the problem in some different ways, for example, by correcting the ways when children ____32____ and sit. But in fact, one should start with the exercise from one’s feet. Here are three ____33____ to save eyes. First, don’t tie your shoes too closely. Try to wear comfortable and soft shoes and ____34____ or walking without shoes or socks at home. While you are traveling, try to ____35____ cloth shoes in order to improve blood circulation (循环). Second, walking on tiptoes (脚尖) is good ____36____ one’s eyesight. It can improve eyesight. Studies show that ____37____ of the ballet (芭蕾) performers’ eyesight is good. Third, rope skipping (跳绳) ____38____ good for one’s eyesight. When skipping the rope, one has to move quickly, making both the brain and the eyes excited. It may also ____39____ one grow taller. Besides (除……之外) foot exercises, it is good to pull (拉) one’s ____40____. Pulling the ears 20 times quickly is also a good way. It can keep one’s eyes healthy. 31. A. trouble B. break C. sick D. life 32. A. play B. move C. speak D. read 33. A. messages B. roads C. ways D. ideas 34. A. clothes B. socks C. shirts D. trousers 35. A. put B. in C. dress D. wear 36 A. in B. to C. for D. at 37. A. all B. most C. none D. few 38. A. are B. is C. does D. do 39. A. make B. put C. like D. find 40. A. hair B. ears C. hand D. foot 【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. B 39. A 40. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章谈论了青少年的视力下降问题，给出了三种通过足部训练解救视力的方法，分别是：尽量穿舒适柔软的鞋子和袜子；用脚尖走路；跳绳。最后，补充了拉耳朵训练能保持眼睛健康。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着越来越多的孩子有视力问题，他们的父母希望通过一些不同的方法来解决这个问题，例如，纠正孩子们读书和坐着的方式。A. trouble问题；B. break破裂；C. sick生病；D. life生活。根据后文“to solve the problem”可知，此处是指有视力问题。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着越来越多的孩子有视力问题，他们的父母希望通过一些不同的方法来解决这个问题，例如，纠正孩子们读书和坐着的方式。A. play玩；B. move挪动；C. speak讲；D. read读。根据常识可知，看书和坐姿与视力有关。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里有三种方法可以挽救眼睛。A. messages信息；B. roads道路；C. ways方法；D. ideas想法。根据后文“First, don’t tie your shoes too closely.”和“Second, walking on tiptoes”以及“Third, rope skipping”可知，作者给出了三种通过足部训练保护视力的方法。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽量穿舒适柔软的鞋子和袜子。A. clothes衣服；B. socks袜子；C. shirts衬衫；D. trousers裤子。根据后文“walking without shoes or socks at home”可知，此处指穿舒适的鞋子和袜子，故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：出门时尽量穿布鞋，以改善血液循环。A. put放置；B. in带……颜色的，介词；C. dress给……穿衣服；D. wear穿着。根据后文“cloth shoes”可知，要尽量穿布鞋，需用动词wear。故选D。 【36题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：其次，用脚尖走路对一个人的视力有好处。A. in在……里面；B. to向，朝着；C. for对于，为了；D. at在。根据后文“It can improve eyesight.”可知，用脚尖走路可以改善视力，对视力有好处，be good for表示“对……有好处”。故选C。 【37题详解】 考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，大多数的芭蕾舞演员的视力很好。A. all全部；B. most大多数；C. none没有一人；D. few极少，表否定。根据前文“walking on tiptoes (脚尖) is good ... one’s eyesight.”和后文“the ballet (芭蕾) performers’ eyesight is good”可知，用脚尖走路对视力有好处，因此大多数的芭蕾舞演员视力应该都很好。故选B。 【38题详解】 考查固定搭配和主谓一致。句意：第三，跳绳对视力有好处。固定搭配“be good for”表示“对……有益”，句子主语rope skipping属于第三人称单数，be动词需用is。故选B。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它也可能使人长高。A. make使得；B. put放置；C. like喜欢；D. find发现。根据前文“making both the brain and the eyes excited”可知，跳绳可以使大脑和眼睛处于兴奋的状态，也可以使人长高。故选A。 【40题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了足部训练之外，拉耳朵也是很好的。A. hair头发；B. ears耳朵；C. hand手；D. foot脚。根据后文“Pulling the ears 20 times quickly is also a good way.”可知，拉耳朵也是保护视力的一个好方法。故选B。 五、记叙文 坐热气球遇上暴雨的故事 I’ll never forget the day when I went on a hot-air balloon (热气球) trip. It was a birthday gift from my aunt. I had to ____41____ early, but it wasn’t a problem. I couldn’t sleep because I was so excited. My parents and my aunt came to ____42____. They waved (挥手) as I got into the balloon. There were five other people and the pilot in it. When we took off, it was quite ____43____ and I couldn’t hear anything. Then it became much quieter, I can’t describe the ____44____. It felt like a dream. The sky was blue and clear, I could see all the people below us. They were getting smaller and smaller ____45____ we got higher and higher. ____46____, a rainstorm began! The balloon started to drop. The pilot decided to land as quickly as possible, but he couldn’t ____47____ the balloon. The wind was blowing us to the sea. It was very scary! Luckily, the ____48____ changed direction (方向) and we were finally able to land on a hill. We fell out of the balloon. Luckily, no one was hurt. I could walk back to my ____49____ and show them I was OK. Was I ____50____? Yes, very. Will I ever do it again? Not sure! 41. A. cut out B. get up C. hang out D. give up 42. A. help B. play C. watch D. practice 43. A. happy B. sad C. lucky D. noisy 44. A. feeling B. problem C. event D. result 45. A. until B. as C. but D. although 46. A. Luckily B. Usually C. Secondly D. Suddenly 47. A. improve B. control C. catch D. repair 48. A. wind B. plane C. bird D. taxi 49. A. team B. family C. friends D. classmates 50. A. bored B. lonely C. scared D. strict 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了作者乘坐热气球遇上暴雨的故事。 【41题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不得不早点起床，但这不是问题。A. cut out切断；B. get up起床；C. hang out闲逛；D. give up放弃。根据后文“I couldn’t sleep because I was so excited.”可知，我起得很早。故选B。 42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母和姑姑来观看。A. help帮助；B. play玩；C. watch观看；D. practice练习。根据后文“They waved (挥手) as I got into the balloon.”可知，他们来看我乘坐热气球。故选C。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们起飞时，噪音很大，我什么也听不见。A. happy快乐的；B. sad伤心的；C. lucky幸运的；D. noisy吵闹的。根据后文“I couldn’t hear anything. Then it became much quieter”可知，当时很吵。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后它变得安静多了，我无法形容那种感觉。A. feeling感觉；B. problem问题；C. event事件；D. result结果。根据后文“It felt like a dream.”可知，像个梦一样，那种感觉无法形容。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：随着我们越来越高，他们越来越小。A. until直到；B. as随着；C. but但是；D. although尽管。根据“They were getting smaller and smaller ... we got higher and higher.”可知，随着热气球越来越高，我们看到的人就越来越小。故选B。 【46题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，一场暴雨开始了！A. Luckily幸运地；B. Usually通常；C. Secondly第二；D. Suddenly突然。根据前文可知，我在乘坐热气球，暴雨来临是很突然的。故选D。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：飞行员决定尽快着陆，但他无法控制气球。A. improve提升；B. control控制；C. catch抓住；D. repair修理。根据后文“The wind was blowing us to the sea.”可知，热气球没有正常着陆，而是失去了控制。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，风向改变了，我们终于能够降落在一座小山上。A. wind风；B. plane飞机；C. bird鸟；D. taxi出租车。根据前文“The wind was blowing us to the sea”和后文“we were finally able to land on a hill”可知，是风的方向改变了热气球的方位。故选A。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以走回我的家人身边，向他们展示我很好。A. team团队；B. family家人；C. friends朋友；D. classmates同学。根据前文“My parents and my aunt came to ...”可知，我的家人来看我坐热气球，着陆后我回到家人身边。故选B。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我害怕吗？A. bored无聊的；B. lonely孤独的；C. scared害怕的；D. strict严格的。根据前文“It was very scary!”和后文“Will I ever do it again? Not sure!”可知，我很害怕。故选C。 六、说明文 帮助独居老人的建议 There are some problems for many old people. They may feel ____51____ because of living by themselves. We should try to help them. Here is something about how to help the old. At first, you can join a(n) ____52____, because it often needs volunteers to help with the old. Then you can look after the old. If you don’t have enough time to volunteer, you can ____53____ other ways. An excellent way is to ____54____ money, clothes or food to an organization. In this way, you can ____55____ help them. You can bring ____56____ to the old. This not only brings them healthy food, but also happiness. It’s also a good idea to cook and enjoy the meal together in the person’s house. You may help out the ____57____, such as cleaning the windows and the door. This will make the old feel ____58____ and be happy with you. Drive the old to places they have ____59____ in. Then you will have a great time together. If they are ____60____ enough, have some exercise activities. This will help the old keep healthy. Through such activities, they can also make new friends with each other. 51. A. simple B. lucky C. lonely D. poor 52. A. article B. group C. menu D. point 53. A. refuse B. invite C. choose D. share 54. A. give away B. take up C. turn down D. bring out 55. A. still B. never C. hardly D. finally 56. A. hobbies B. prizes C. peace D. meals 57. A. schoolwork B. discussion C. competition D. housework 58. A. difficult B. comfortable C. dangerous D. surprised 59. A. interest B. dream C. problem D. answer 60. A. friendly B. strong C. natural D. noisy 【答案】51. C 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. A 56. D 57. D 58. B 59. A 60. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲老人独居会很孤独，并给出了一些可以帮助老人的建议。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为自己居住，他们可能会感到孤独。A. simple简单的；B. lucky幸运的；C. lonely孤独的；D. poor贫穷的。根据后文“because of living by themselves”可知，他们自己住的话，会感到孤独。故选C。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，你可以加入一个小组，因为它经常需要志愿者帮助老人。A. article文章；B. group小组；C. menu菜单；D. point分数。根据后文“because it often needs volunteers to help with the old”可知，一个组织经常需要志愿者帮助老人。故选B。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你没有足够的时间去做志愿者，你可以选择其他方式。A. refuse拒绝；B. invite邀请；C. choose选择；D. share分享。根据前文“If you don’t have enough time to volunteer”和后文“An excellent way is to ... money”可 知，如果没时间，还有其他方式可供选择。故选C。 【54题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个很优秀的方式就是你可以向一个组织捐钱、捐衣服或者食物。A. give away捐赠；B. take up占据；C. turn down拒绝；D. bring out出版。根据后文“In this way, you can ... help them.”可知，可以通过捐赠的方式帮助老人。故选A。 【55题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：用这种方式，你依然可以帮助老人。A. still仍然；B. never从不；C. hardly几乎不；D. finally最后。根据前文“you can ... other ways”可知，捐赠是帮助老人的另一种方式，所以是依然可以帮助到老人。故选A。 【56题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以带饭菜给老人。A. hobbies爱好；B. prizes奖项；C. peace和平；D. meals饭菜。根据后文“This not only brings them healthy food, but also happiness.”可知，饭菜带来的不仅仅是健康的食物，而且还有幸福。故选D。 【57题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你也可以帮助做家务，比如擦窗户和门。A. schoolwork作业；B. discussion讨论；C. competition竞争；D. housework家务。根据后文“such as cleaning the windows and the door”可知，打扫窗户和门属于做家务。故选D。 【58题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这可以让老人感到舒服。A. difficult困难的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. dangerous危险的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据后文“and be happy with you”可知，可以让老人开心，因此待在 一起是感到舒服的。故选B。 【59题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：开车带老人去他们感兴趣的地方。A. interest兴趣；B. dream梦想；C. problem问题；D. answer答案。根据后文“Then you will have a great time together.”可知，带老人去他们感兴趣的地方，他们会玩得开心。故选A。 【60题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果他们足够健壮，可以有些锻炼活动。A. friendly友好的；B. strong健壮的；C. natural自然的；D. noisy吵闹的。根据后文“have some exercise activities”可知，做锻炼的话是要身体足够健壮。故选B。 七、记叙文 把医生当作插队者的故事 It was a cold morning in London. The weather was very cold, and many people were ____61____. So there were many people in the doctor’s waiting room. At the ____62____ of the line (队伍) was an old woman. The woman was a ____63____. She did not live in the city. She lived in the ____64____. She was in the city to visit her daughter. She wanted to see the doctor ____65____ her back hurt. “If I get there early, I can see the doctor quickly,” she thought. So she was the first in the line. She sat ____66____ to the doctor’s door. A man ____67____ the waiting room, and walked quickly to the doctor’s door. The old woman thought he was a line jumper (插队者). She ____68____ up and took him by the arm. Slowly, she said, “We were all here before you. You ____69____ wait for your turn. Do you understand?” The man answered, “No, madam. You don’t understand! You are all ____70____ me! I’m the doctor!” 61. A. cold B. free C. sick D. busy 62. A. head B. end C. back D. foot 63. A. doctor B. player C. visitor D. reader 64. A. city B. countryside C. hospital D. street 65. A. so B. but C. or D. because 66. A. earliest B. nearest C. latest D. farthest 67. A. walked out B. came out C. stayed away D. came into 68. A. hit B. stopped C. stood D. had 69. A. can B. may C. must D. will 70. A. before B. after C. for D. against 【答案】61. C 62. A 63. C 64. B 65. D 66. B 67. D 68. C 69. C 70. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了一位老太太排队等待医生看病时，误将医生当做了插队的人的趣事。 【61题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天气很冷，很多人都病了。A. cold冷的；B. free空闲的；C. sick生病的；D. busy忙的。根据后文“So there were many people in the doctor’s waiting room.”可知，医生的候诊室里有很多人，说明很多人都病了。故选C。 【62题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：排在队伍最前面的是一位老太太。A. head排头；B. end末尾；C. back背后；D. foot脚。根据后文“So she was first in the line.”可知，这位老太太在队伍最前面，所以用head符合语境。故选A。 【63题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位太太是一名来访者。A. doctor医生；B. player选手；C. visitor游客，访问者；D. reader读者。根据后文“She was in the city to visit her daughter”可知，老太太是来访者。故选C。 【64题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她住在乡下。A. city城市；B. countryside乡下；C. hospital医院；D. street街道。根据前文“She did not live in the city”和“she was in the city to visit her daughter.”可知，老太太不住在城里，而是住在乡下。故选B。 【65题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：她想去看医生，因为她的背疼。A. so因此；B. but但是；C. or否则；D. because因为。根据“She wanted to see the doctor ... her back hurt.”可知，老太太看医生是因为背疼，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故选D。 【66题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她坐在离医生的门最近的地方。A. earliest最早；B. nearest最近；C. latest最晚；D. farthest最远。根据前文“So she was first in the line.”可知，老太太在队伍第一个，所以离医 生的门最近。故选B。 【67题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个男人走进候诊室，并迅速走向医生办公室的门口。A. walked out走出；B. came out出版；C. stayed away远离；D. came into进入。根据后文“and walked quickly to the doctor’s door”可知，一位男士进入了候诊室，然后走向医生办公室。故选D。 【68题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她站起来，抓住他的胳膊。A. hit撞；B. stopped停止；C. stood站；D. had有。根据前文“She sat ... to the doctor’s door.”可知，老太太站起来，抓住了那位男士的胳膊。故选C。 【69题详解】 考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：你必须等着轮到你。A. can能；B. may可能；C. must必须；D. will将会。根据前文“We were all here before you.”可知，老太太在提醒对方必须排队。故选C。 【70题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：你们都在我后面！A. before在……之前；B. after在……之后；C. for为了；D. against反对。根据后文“I’m the doctor!”可知，病人都在医生后面。故选B。 八、记叙文 一则寓言故事 There was a time when people didn’t have to work for food. When they got ____71____, they just reached up to the sky, broke off a piece, and ate it. One day, the sky was angry ____72____ people took far more than they could eat. He said to the king, “If your people keep wasting my gifts, I won’t ____73____ gifts to you.” The king was afraid. He made a(n) ____74____ and told his people to eat the sky only when they were hungry. And for a long time that was what they did. Then there came a great festival. People danced and ____75____ for many days. One night, a woman ____76____ a big piece of sky home. However, she was too ____77____ to finish it. She asked her family to share it, but they were all full, too. ____78____, she had to throw it away. The sky shouted, “I’m leaving and going far away.” “How will the people live?” The king asked. “All of you must learn to work for food,” the sky answered. “Maybe then you’ll ____79____ why you shouldn’t waste.” From that day on, all the people worked to have ____80____ and the sky was far away just as it is today. 71. A. tired B. upset C. excited D. hungry 72. A. if B. because C. after D. unless 73. A. give away B. set up C. bring out D. fall down 74. A. event B. habit C. notice D. e-mail 75. A. trained B. celebrated C. discussed D. shouted 76. A. carried B. threw C. bought D. blew 77. A. busy B. shy C. scared D. full 78. A. Easily B. Luckily C. Finally D. Happily 79. A. choose B. understand C. point D. forget 80. A. money B. time C. water D. food 【答案】71. D 72. B 73. A 74. C 75. B 76. A 77. D 78. C 79. B 80. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了一则寓言故事，天空为了惩罚人们浪费的现象所以远走高飞，而人们最后不得不通过劳作来获取食物。 【71题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们饿了的时候，他们就把手伸向天空，掰下一块来吃。A. tired疲惫的；B. upset沮丧的；C. excited兴奋的；D. hungry饥饿的。根据后文“they just reached up to the sky, broke off a piece, and ate it”可知，此处指饿的时候。故选D。 【72题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：有一天，天空生气了，因为人们拿走了远远超过他们能吃的东西。A. if如果；B. because因为；C. after在……之后；D. unless除非。根据“One day, the sky was angry ... people took far more than they could eat.”可知，空格后在解释天空生气的原因。故选B。 【73题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你的人继续浪费我的礼物，我就不会给你礼物了。A. give away赠送；B. set up设置；C. bring out使显露；D. fall down跌倒。根据“If your people keep wasting my gifts, I won’t ... gifts to you.”可知，如果人们继续浪费，天空将不会再赠送任何东西给人们。故选A。 【74题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他做了一个通告，告诉他的人民只有在饿的时候才能吃天空。A. event事件；B. habit习惯；C. notice通知；D. e-mail邮件。根据后文“told his people to eat the sky only when they were hungry”可知，他发布了一个 通知。故选C。 【75题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们跳舞庆祝了许多天。A. trained训练；B. celebrated庆祝；C. discussed讨论；D. shouted呼喊。根据前文“Then there came a great festival”及“People danced”可知，人们庆祝这个节日。故选B。 【76题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，一个女人拿着一大块天空回家。A. carried携带；B. threw扔；C. bought买；D. blew吹。根据后文“a big piece of sky home”可知，女人拿着一大块天空回家。故选A。 【77题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，她太饱了，吃不完。A. busy忙碌的；B. shy害羞的；C. scared害怕的；D. full饱的。根据“However, she was too ... to finish it”以及“but they were all full, too”可知，她太饱了而没有吃完这一大块天空。故选D。 【78题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，她不得不把它扔掉。A. Easily容易地；B. Luckily幸运地；C. Finally最后；D. Happily开心地。根据“She asked her family to share it, but they were all full, too ... she had to throw it away.”可知，家人都很饱，所以最后不得不扔掉了。故选C。 【79题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许到那时你就会明白为什么你不应该浪费。A. choose选择；B. understand明白；C. point指出；D. forget忘记。根据“Maybe then you’ll ... why you shouldn’t waste.”可知，这样才会明白为什么不能浪费。故选B。 【80题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，所有的人都为了有食物而工作，天空就像今天一样遥远。A. money金钱；B. time时间；C. water水；D. food食物。根据上文“All of you must learn to work for food”可知，人们自己劳作来获取食物。故选D。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$