精品解析：上海市宝山区2024-2025学年高一下学期期末英语学科质量监测试卷

宝山区2024学年第二学期期末 高一年级英语学科质量监测试卷 （本试卷满分100分 考试时间90分钟） I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. A guitar. B. A coffee shop. C. A musician. D. A popular play. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: I really enjoy listening to the guitar player at the coffee shop. M: I know, right? He’s quite a good guitar player. Q: What are the two speakers mainly talking about? 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He’d like to have the windows open. B. He rarely leaves the windows open. C. He’ll help her close the windows. D. He thinks the air is polluted. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Do you want the windows open or closed? M: I almost always prefer fresh air if possible. Q: What does the man imply? 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. They turned onto the wrong road. B. They should take another route to the bank. C. The man will get to the bank before it closes. D. The bank will open soon. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: What’s holding up traffic! I’ve got to get to the bank before it closes. W: Relax. Some workers are repairing the road. They’ll let us through in a second. Q: What does the woman imply? 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Boring. B. Complicated. C. Insightful. D. Interesting. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】W: That class wasn’t as boring as I thought it would be. M: I totally agree! Q: What does the man think of the class? 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Eat dinner at the cafeteria. B. Try to get a job at the cafeteria. C. Find out when the cafeteria opens. D Meet her in the cafeteria this evening. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: I really need to make some extra money. I’ve practically spent my entire budget for the semester. W: You should check out the new cafeteria. I think there are a few openings left in the evening. Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She enjoys coming to dinner another time. B. She has a problem with her hearing. C. She wants the man to help her with some work. D. She wants to check the weather before deciding. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Can you come over for dinner tonight? W: I’m up to my ears in work, so I’ll have to take a rain check. Q: What does the woman mean? 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He can hardly speak any Spanish. B. He can express himself in Spanish. C. He is learning to understand Spanish. D. He is better at listening than reading in Spanish. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: How much Spanish do you speak? W: Well, I think I can make myself understood. Q: What does the woman mean? 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A The cat is a lot of trouble. B. The cat is quite friendly. C. He doesn't get on well with Debbie. D. He's glad Debbie gave him the cat. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: So how are you getting along with Debbie’s cat? M: Well, she never comes when I call her, and she spills her food all over the plate. I can’t wait till Debbie gets back. Q: What does the man imply? 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Type the letter as it is. B. Send the letter without typing it. C. Change some wordings in his letter. D. Check to make sure his facts are correct. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: What do you think of my letter to the editor? I want to type it and mail it today. W: I like your ideas, Robert, but I underlined some of the expressions you used. They seemed a little awkward. Q: What does the woman imply the man should do? 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He is very hungry. B. He needs to eat with someone else. C. He did not like what he ate for lunch. D. He will go with the woman. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】W: Hey Bruce, I’m off to lunch. Why don’t you come along? M: I just ate, but I’d be happy to keep you company. Q: What does the man imply? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages, and you will be asked several questions on the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. How he/she prepares a presentation. B. What a good presentation should be like. C. Why it is necessary to give a presentation. D. When he/she must shorten his/ her presentation. 12. A. Staying both calm and serious. B. Smiling while facing the audience. C. Making some necessary adjustments. D. Keeping to what has been prepared. 【答案】11. A 12. C 【解析】 【原文】I give a lot of papers at conferences to all kinds of different audiences, with different levels of English and experience. I usually talk for between 45 minutes and an hour and it’s hard to keep people’s attention for that long, so I make sure I’m very familiar with what I’m going to say! I write the whole talk out on my computer first. Then I re-write it onto little postcards, cutting a few bits out. Then finally, before actually giving the talk, I read these cards over and over to fix the things in my mind. I still refer to the cards when I’m talking, but only as a guide. It means I can say something not presented on the cards and adapt things to suit the audience, to make sure they understand what I’m saying. It’s also good to inject a few laughs into the talk to keep it light. Questions: 11. What is the speaker mainly talking about? 12. According to the speaker, which of the following is important while giving a presentation? 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. A. 1973. B. 36,500. C. 20. D. 300,000. 14. A. Workers’ wages increase largely every year. B. More money is spent on citizens’ welfare. C. Foreign investment is favoured. D. Business activity is regulated. 15. A. Ireland’s economic growth. B. Ireland’s future development. C. Ireland’s amazing history. D. Ireland’s traditional values. 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【原文】According to a recent survey carried out by The Economist magazine, Ireland is the best country in the world to live in. Once Ireland joined the EU in 1973, the foundations for economic growth started to be put into place. The 1990s saw the economic miracle finally arrive — a total transformation in Ireland’s economic fortunes was born. The country experienced year-on-year growth of almost 10 percent and now has the fourth-highest GDP per person in the world — a massive 36.5 thousand dollars per person. Coupled with this has been a huge drop in unemployment from 20 percent 15 years ago to around 4 percent today. In many ways, Ireland is the perfect advertisement for the policies of the IMF and the World Bank as it is one of the few economies that has opened itself up to free trade, foreign investment and unregulated business activity, cut welfare spending and checked wage increases and yet still managed to boom, pulling many people back to this old country. Questions: 13. According to the passage, what is Ireland’s GDP per person? 14. Which of the following is true concerning the policy adopted in Ireland? 15. What is the passage mainly about? II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Micro dramas can better tell China stories Micro dramas, featuring smartphone-suited video clips lasting only a few minutes, are gaining popularity both in China and abroad. The micro dramas ___16___ (design) and developed for smartphone and tablet users who prefer quick and engaging content, becoming popular due to their novel plot turns and unique characters. ___17___ the production of micro dramas in a relatively short time has created welcome opportunities for new actors and directors in the film and TV industry, most of the dramas feature counterattacks (反击) by sons-in-law, lover couples, struggles in the harem (宫斗). But such micro dramas have changed the characters to fit Western tastes, ___18___ (attract) a large number of Generation Z viewers in Europe and the United States. According to a white paper ___19___ (provide) by the China Net-casting Services Association, the micro drama industry is going through transformation and upgrading, with the number of micro drama viewers in China reaching 576 million in June 2024. The market size of micro dramas is estimated ___20___ (earn) over 68 billion yuan ($9.3 billion) in 2025 and 100 billion in 2027. The National Radio and Television Administration launched the "micro drama plus" action plan to integrate the micro-drama industry with other industries to promote cultural innovation and economic growth. The plan features several programs, including “travel through micro dramas”, ___21___ seek to promote tourism and rural development by making 100 micro dramas on cultural landmarks, natural landscapes and urban attractions. Some high-quality micro dramas featuring some cultural elements and tourist sites have already encouraged the development of tourism in some regions. Similarly, micro dramas ___22___ be combined with other industries to form new business models. In this era of social media, no single movie or TV drama can dominate the market. The “micro drama plus” model will thus make sure the micro-drama industry ___23___ (cooperate) with the film, TV series, online drama, animation and gaming industries to create a trans-media story world to show Chinese culture in ___24___ (various) ways. We expect micro dramas ____25____ a medium to shoulder the responsibility of better telling China's stories. 【答案】16. are designed 17. While##Though##Although 18. attracting 19. provided 20. to earn 21. which 22. can 23. cooperates 24. more various 25 as 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了微短剧的特点、发展现状及“微短剧+”模式的意义，探讨其作为传播中国文化的媒介如何更好地讲述中国故事。 【16题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：微短剧是为智能手机和平板电脑用户设计和开发的，这些用户更喜欢快速且引人入胜的内容，因其新颖的情节转折和独特的人物角色而流行。分析句子结构，空处为谓语动词，主语dramas与design为被动关系，即微短剧被设计，且描述客观事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are designed。 【17题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管在相对较短的时间内制作微短剧为影视行业的新演员和导演创造了受欢迎的机会，但大多数微短剧以女婿反击、情侣故事、宫斗为特色。根据句意可知，前后句为让步关系，空处引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。句首字母大写，故填While/Although/Though 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但此类微短剧通过改变角色以适应西方口味，吸引了欧美大量Z世代观众。分析句子结构，句中已有谓语动词have changed，空处需填非谓语动词作结果状语。主语与attract为主谓关系，故用现在分词attracting表示主动，强调自然产生的结果。故填attracting。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据中国网络视听节目服务协会提供的一份白皮书，微短剧行业正在经历转型升级，2024年6月中国微短剧观众数量达到5.76亿。分析句子结构，空处作后置定语修饰paper，provide与paper为动宾关系，即白皮书被提供，故用provide过去分词形式表示被动。故填provided。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：微短剧市场规模预计2025年将超过680亿元（93亿美元），2027年达到1000亿元。“be estimated to do sth.”为固定结构，表示预计结果。故填to earn。 【21题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：该计划包括多个项目，如“微短剧游”，旨在通过制作100部关于文化地标、自然景观和城市景点的微短剧来促进旅游业和农村发展。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为programs，指物，从句缺少主语，故用关系代词which引导句子。故填which。 【22题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：同样，微短剧可以与其他行业结合，形成新的商业模式。根据句意“能够与其他行业结合”可知，此处需用情态动词can表示能力。故填can。 【23题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：因此，“微短剧+”模式将确保微短剧行业与电影、电视剧、网剧、动画和游戏行业合作，创造一个跨媒体的故事世界，以各种方式展示中国文化。make sure后接宾语从句，从句描述客观计划或预期，用一般现在时，主语industry为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填cooperates。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：因此，“微短剧+”模式将确保微短剧行业与电影、电视剧、网剧、动画和游戏行业合作，创造一个跨媒体的故事世界，以各种方式展示中国文化。空处修饰名词ways，需用various的形容词形式，意为“各种各样的”，符合句意。故填various。 【25题详解】 考查介词。句意：我们期待微短剧作为媒介，承担起更好地讲述中国故事的责任。表示“作为”用介词as，符合“作为一种媒介”的语境。故填as。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. based B. remind C. symptoms D. individually E. established F. considered G. edges H. available I. release J. accurately K. relief TCM teas are hotter in health market Herbal tea inspired by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is being prepared at a TCM hospital in Dingxi, Gansu province, in December. Several Chinese hospitals have found their ___26___ in the country’s growing health drinks market by prescribing herbal formulas (开处方) that target minor ___27___, from calming nerves and aiding sleep to promoting healthy hair. Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine recently launched five herbal medicine formulas for drinking. On the first day of the market ___28___, 10,000 doses (剂量) were sold. Wan Xixi, deputy director of the hospital’s medical administration department, says these formulas are finished ___29___ on prescriptions from famous TCM practitioners (从业人员). Each dose of herbs is ___30___ packaged and can be boiled for easy consumption at home. “The bags of dried herbs are not ___31___ for purchase on the market. To obtain them, individuals must obtain a prescription as they are tailored to individual differences,” Wan explains. In recent years, an increasing number of health-conscious people have developed a strong interest in such herbal tea drinks. Many Chinese hospitals, especially TCM hospitals, are keen to promote their special herbal tea formulas, some of which change seasonally. For example, in summer, they focus on formulas of smoked tea for ___32___ from summer heat. In winter, herbal tea formulas for throat clearing are more popular. In addition to hospitals, many pharmacies (药房), including the ___33___ brand Beijing Tong Ren Tang, have seen a boost in herbal tea sales. Pharmacies ___34___ buyers that while some herbs are available in drink form and others, and can be consumed as food, herbal formulas are still ____35____ medicine and should be taken under proper medical supervision. 【答案】26. G 27. C 28. I 29. A 30. D 31. H 32. K 33. E 34. B 35. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中药茶在健康市场走热的情况、制作及相关注意事项。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：多家中国医院通过开针对轻微症状的草药配方，在不断增长的健康饮品市场中找到了自己的优势。本空作found的宾语，结合下文的“from calming nerves and aiding sleep to promoting healthy hair.”可知，此处用名词edges意为“优势”，表示医院在市场中占据的有利地位。故选G。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：多家中国医院通过开针对轻微症状的草药配方，在不断增长的健康饮品市场中找到了自己的优势，这些配方针对从安神助眠到护发的轻微症状。本空作target的宾语，结合“calming nerves and aiding sleep”可知，此处用名词symptoms意为“症状”，与等健康需求对应。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：在市场推出的第一天，就售出了1万剂。本空作of的宾语，根据句意以及下文的“10,000 doses（剂量）were sold.”可知，此处表示的市场销售情况，由此可知，此处表示“推出”为release，指配方饮品的首次上市。故选I。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：医院医疗行政部副主任Wan Xixi说这些配方是根据著名中医从业者的处方制成的。本空作状语，结合下文的“on prescriptions from famous TCM practitioners (从业人员)”可知，此处为based on意为“基于”，表示配方的制作依据。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查副词。句意：每剂草药都单独包装，可煮沸后在家轻松饮用。本空修饰packaged，用副词作状语，结合句意，此处表示 “单独地”为individually，强调包装的个性化。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些干草药包在市场上不可购买。本空作表语，结合句意，此处表示“可购买的”，与“must obtain a prescription”形成对比，所以此处为available 作表语。故选H。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：例如，夏季他们专注于烟熏茶配方来缓解暑热。本空作for的宾语，结合句意和下文的“from summer heat.”可知，此处表示“缓解……”为relief，符合夏季抗暑的需求。故选K。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：除医院外，许多药房，包括知名品牌北京同仁堂，草药茶销量也有所增长。本空作定语修饰brand，根据常识和下文的“Beijing Tong Ren Tang”可知，此处指的是 “知名的，已建立的”为established，形容同仁堂的品牌地位。故选E。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：药房提醒购买者，尽管有些草药有饮品形式，还有些可作为食物食用，但草药配方仍被视为药物，应在适当的医疗监督下服用。本空作谓语，结合句意以及下文的“that while some herbs are available in drink form and others”可知，此处是提醒购买者的内容，所以此处为remind意为“提醒”，后接that从句，符合药房对消费者的告知义务。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：药房提醒购买者，虽然有些草药可制成饮品或作为食物食用，但草药配方仍被视为药物，应在适当的医疗监督下服用。本空作谓语，根据句意以及下文的“should be taken under medical supervision”可知，此处为considered意为“被视为”。故选F。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Some girls tend to feel frustrated if they have a pear-shaped body, with hips (臀部) that are wider than the breast and shoulders. Though pear-shaped people’s waists are ____36____ smaller, they may have more fat on their hips and legs. So, many pear-shaped girls try to ____37____ their hips and legs under large dresses and pants. However, a recent study suggested that pear-shaped people are the ones who won the genetic luck! The study found that the waist-to-hip ratio (比例) , usually called WHR, shows the strongest and most consistent association with death rate. By tradition, the body mass index (BMI) has been considered the best ____38____ of health. However, this study ____39____ this belief. It surveyed nearly 40,000 people and found that, regardless of BMI, WHR is ____40____ related to all-cause deaths. The larger the WHR, the higher the all-cause death rate will be. ____41____ focusing on how much fat a person has, scientists suggest people should focus more on where fat lies in a person’s body. WHR ____42____ your waist measurement to your hip measurement. A larger waistline means more central fat, which could indicate more visceral fat (内脏脂肪). Harvard Medical School states that more visceral fat increases the risk of illnesses including heart diseases. That’s why people with a pear-shaped body ____43____ to be healthier than others. According to the WHO, a healthy WHR is less than 0.85 for women and less than 0.9 for men. It is impossible to specifically ____44____ waist fat when people try to lose weight. But losing ____45____ fat will make the waist smaller. Researchers from Johns Hopkins University suggested we eat less carbohydrates and more food higher in fiber and protein. 36. A. completely B. suddenly C. usually D. certainly 37. A. hide B. show C. expose D. decorate 38. A. theory B. method C. indicator D. predictor 39. A. supports B. challenges C. confirms D. conducts 40. A. slightly B. hardly C. negatively D. directly 41. A. As for B. In spite of C. Owing to D. Instead of 42. A. compares B. links C. transfers D. introduces 43. A. prefer B. attempt C. tend D. choose 44. A. train B. target C. measure D. recover 45. A. partial B. harmless C. harmful D. overall 【答案】36. C 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D 41. D 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究表明梨形身材的人更健康，腰臀比是衡量健康的重要指标。 【36题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然梨形身材的人的腰通常更细，但他们的臀部和腿部可能有更多的脂肪。A. completely完全地；B. suddenly突然地；C. usually通常；D. certainly当然。根据语境上文“Though pear-shaped people’s waists are”和常识可知，梨形身材的人的腰通常更细，故选C。 【37题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，很多梨形身材的女孩都试图用大裙子和大裤子来遮住臀部和腿部。A. hide隐藏，遮盖；B. show展示；C. expose暴露；D. decorate装饰。根据上文“they may have more fat on their hips and legs”和下文“their hips and legs under large dresses and pants”可知，梨形身材的女孩用大裙子和大裤子来遮住臀部和腿部，故选A。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，传统上，身体质量指数（BMI）被认为是健康的最佳指标。A. theory理论；B. method方法；C. indicator指标；D. predictor预测器。根据上文“By tradition, the body mass index (BMI) has been considered the best”可知，BMI被认为是健康的最佳指标，故选C。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这项研究挑战了这一观点。A. supports支持；B. challenges挑战；C. confirms确认；D. conducts进行。根据下文“It surveyed nearly 40,000 people and found that, regardless of BMI, WHR is ____ related to all-cause deaths.”可知，这项研究挑战了BMI是健康的最佳指标这一观点，故选B。 【40题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：它调查了近4万人，发现无论BMI如何，腰臀比都与全因死亡率直接相关。A. slightly轻微地；B. hardly几乎不；C. negatively消极地；D. directly直接地。根据下“The larger the WHR, the higher the all-cause death rate will be.”可知，腰臀比与全因死亡率直接相关，故选D。 【41题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：科学家建议人们不要关注一个人有多少脂肪，而是要更多地关注脂肪在人体内的位置。A. As for至于；B. In spite of尽管；C. Owing to由于；D. Instead of而不是。根据下文“focusing on how much fat a person has, scientists suggest people should focus more on where fat lies in a person’s body.”可知，科学家建议人们不要关注一个人有多少脂肪，而是要更多地关注脂肪在人体内的位置，故选D。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：腰臀比是将你的腰围与臀围进行比较。A. compares比较；B. links连接；C. transfers转移；D. introduces介绍。根据下文“your waist measurement to your hip measurement”可知，腰臀比是将腰围与臀围进行比较，故选A。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么梨形身材的人往往比其他人更健康。A. prefer更喜欢；B. attempt尝试；C. tend往往；D. choose选择。根据上文“A larger waistline means more central fat, which could indicate more visceral fat (内脏脂肪).”和“Harvard Medical School states that more visceral fat increases the risk of illnesses including heart diseases. That’s why people with a pear-shaped body”可知，腰围越大，意味着中心脂肪越多，这可能意味着内脏脂肪越多。更多的内脏脂肪会增加包括心脏病在内的疾病风险。这就是为什么梨形身材的人往往比其他人更健康，故选C。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人们试图减肥时，不可能专门针对腰部脂肪。A. train训练；B. target针对；C. measure测量；D. recover恢复。根据下文“waist fat when people try to lose weight”可知，人们试图减肥时，不可能专门针对腰部脂肪，故选B。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是减少总体脂肪会使腰部变小。A. partial部分的；B. harmless无害的；C. harmful有害的；D. overall总体的。根据下文“fat will make the waist smaller”可知，减少总体脂肪会使腰部变小，故选D。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Why Germany’s Economy, Once a Leader in Europe, Is Now in Crisis As Germans prepare for a snap election (临时选举) after the collapse of a government coalition (脆弱的联合政府), one issue at the top of voters’ minds will be how the new government would recreate the country’s once powerful economy. Germany, Europe’s largest economy, has not seen significant growth in the past two years. On Friday, the economy recorded 0.1 percent growth from July to September, but it is forecast to contract over the entire year. And economists do not expect to see a return to growth in 2025, unless a new government can make significant changes quickly. German industrial companies have seen production shrink more than 12 percent since 2018. Many point to a lack of clear signals from Berlin on where they should direct investment. An example was a sudden decision by the government to end subsidies (补贴) for electric vehicles at the end of last year in an effort to slim down the budget. Analysts point out that such strategies make it difficult for business leaders to plan investments or predict costs. That frustration has translated into record levels of pessimism among Germany’s industrial leaders, according to a survey by the IFO Institute in Munich. Beyond the industrial giants, the German economy also depends on innovation and professional knowledge. But in an increasingly digital world, Germany is lacking new companies that will help drive the next generation of growth. Government financing is available to help entrepreneurs (企业家) start business, but when it comes time to scale them, many move to the United States, where venture funding is more widely available and taxes are lower. “Our main problem is not what is happening to ThyssenKrupp,” Danyal Bayaz, the finance minister for the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, told the German American Conference at Harvard last week. “It is ‘Why is the last successful German start-up 50 years old?’” 46. What is the main concern of German voters as they prepare for a snap election? A. Whether the government coalition will collapse. B. How the country’s economy can be recovered. C. How high energy prices will rise. D. Whether companies will cut jobs. 47. What was the reason behind the government’s sudden decision to end subsidies for electric vehicles? A. To increase sales of electric vehicles B. To promote the use of traditional fuel vehicles C. To cut down on the budget D. To increase government incomes 48. What problem facing the German economy can be inferred from Danyal Bayaz’s words in the last paragraph? A. The collapse of major industrial companies B. The lack of successful new start-ups C. High taxes on businesses in the country D. The unavailability of government financing for entrepreneurs 【答案】46. B 47. C 48. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。德国经济近两年增长乏力，工业生产萎缩，政府政策缺乏连贯性，且在数字化时代缺乏创新企业，经济陷入危机。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“As Germans prepare for a snap election (临时选举) after the collapse of a government coalition (脆弱的联合政府), one issue at the top of voters’ minds will be how the new government would recreate the country’s once powerful economy.(在德国政府联盟破裂后，该国即将举行提前选举之际，选民们最为关心的一个问题将是新政府将如何重振该国曾经强大的经济)”可知，在德国选民准备举行提前选举之际，他们最关心的问题是该国经济如何才能复苏。故选B。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“An example was a sudden decision by the government to end subsidies (补贴) for electric vehicles at the end of last year in an effort to slim down the budget.(一个例子是去年年底政府突然做出决定，停止对电动汽车的补贴，此举旨在削减预算开支)”可知，政府突然决定停止对电动汽车的补贴，其背后的原因是为了削减预算。故选C。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““Our main problem is not what is happening to ThyssenKrupp,” Danyal Bayaz, the finance minister for the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, told the German American Conference at Harvard last week. “It is ‘Why is the last successful German start-up 50 years old?’”(“我们面临的主要问题并非蒂森克虏伯公司目前所遭遇的困境，”巴登-符腾堡州（位于德国西南部）的财政部长丹雅尔·巴亚兹上周在哈佛大学举行的德美会议上说道，“而是‘为何德国最后一家成功的初创企业都已经成立50年了？’”)”可知，德国经济面临的问题是缺乏成功的新企业诞生。故选B。 (B) You’ll find it amazing to support people when you go out to eat! Just look for restaurants that hire people with disabilities，which are making the world a more inclusive place. Each bakery，café and restaurant below has a wonderful and heartwarming story. Hugs Care: McKinney，Texas Ruth Thompson once had a vision to create a nonprofit café that would be run and operated primarily by adults with special needs. With hard work，a strong passion and an amazing team，Hugs Café opened its doors in 2015.“Hugs Café is now so much more than a job to our 23 teammates，which is enhancing the meaningful lives of adults with special needs through training and employment at Hugs Café. Thompson says. Vinny＆Bay’s Coffee and Eatery: Panama City，Florida “A lot of people plan their vacations around coming to this coffee shop，”says café owner Kara Rigby. Vinny ＆ Bay’s Coffee and Eatery was established “so that Baylee had a place to work，”Rigby adds. Baylee is Rigby’s daughter’s friend who has a disability. The coffee shop’s goal become training for individuals like Baylee. Some workers have even started at Vinny ＆ Bay’ s and were able to work in a regular workplace. Rigby says that her employees” have a whole lot more abilities than disabilities. They love unconditionally，and it changes the whole environment and business.” Rigby believes that incorporating even just one or two disabled individuals into a business can change the whole atmosphere—for the better! Sugar Pl um Bakery: Virginia Beach，Virginia Head to Sugar Plum Bakery to find a delicious carrot cake and see people with disabilities successfully working alongside none—disabled workers Sugar Plum has been promoting the integration of adult s with developmental disabilities by providing training and employment opportunities to more than 1，000 people with disabilities since 1987.Whether they’re scooping cookies or making cupcakes，Sugar Plum’s disabled employees are the backbone of the bakery. 49. What do the three restaurants have in common? A. They are established by adults with special needs. B. They are supported by charities or local government. C. The provide training and employment to disabled individuals. D. The employers and employees there are all individuals with disabilities. 50. It can be known from the passage that ______________. A. Hugs Café set up in 1987 now has 23 teammates B. Rigby founded her coffee shop to help Baylee，her daughter C. Disabled individuals are not able to work in a regular workplace D. Sugar P1um Bakery hires both normal people and people with disabilities 51. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest? A. Disabled workers there are the most important part. B. The bakery get s support and strength from backbone. C. The customers are always backing the disabled workers. D. The employees have a whole lot more abilities than disabilities. 【答案】49. C 50. D 51. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文，介绍了三家致力于帮助残疾人的面包店和咖啡店。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据Hugs Café is now so much more than a job to our 23 teammates，which is enhancing the meaningful lives of adults with special needs through training and employment at Hugs Café. Thompson says.可知对于Thompson 的23位同事来说，在Hugs Café工作不仅是份工作，这些有特殊需求的成年人通过在Hugs Café得到的培训和工作增加了生活的意义。有特殊需求的成年人就是指残疾人，说明Hugs Cafe为残疾人提供培训和就业机会。根据Baylee is Rigby’s daughter’s friend who has a disability. The coffee shop’s goal become training for individuals like Baylee.可知贝利是个残疾人。Vinny＆Bay’s Coffee这家咖啡馆的目标是为像贝利这样的残疾人提供培训。根据Sugar Plum has been promoting the integration of adult s with developmental …disabilities since 1987.可知Sugar Plum这家店自从1987年以来，为超过1000名残疾人提供了培训和就业机会。综上所述，三家店都为残疾人提供培训和就业机会，故选C项。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据Head to Sugar Plum Bakery to find a delicious carrot cake and see people with disabilities successfully working alongside none—disabled workers.可知在Sugar Plum Bakery可以看到残疾人和非残疾人一起工作，这说明Sugar Plum Bakery既雇佣普通人又雇佣残疾人，故选D项。 【51题详解】 推理判断题。划线部分Sugar Plum’s disabled employees are the backbone of the bakery. 意思为“Sugar Palm的残疾人员工是这个面包店的支柱”，将残疾人员工比作支柱表明他们是这里最重要的部分，故选A项。 【点睛】推理判断题主要考查考生理清上下文逻辑关系的能力和考生的识别能力。考生要把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义。比如本文第3小题，根据Sugar Plum’s disabled employees are the backbone of the bakery.可知这家店的残疾人员工被比喻成支柱，支柱一般是用于形容中坚力量的，这说明残疾人员工是这家店最重要的一部分，故选A项。 (C) The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants. The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further — changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. “We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,” explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT. One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps. In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed (喷洒) onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight. Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源) — such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission (传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. 52. What is the main goal of MIT engineers in their plant experimenting? A. To make everyday objects much more functional B. To study the connection between plants and crime rates C. To make plants take the place of functions of daily objects D. To increase employee productivity through office plants 53. What does the word “faint” in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. bright B. unconscious C. brief D. weak 54. What future improvement does the MIT team hope to achieve? A. Making plants glow bright enough to read by. B. Developing a spray treatment that lasts a plant’s lifetime. C. Designing plants that require a life-long spray treatment. D. Creating plants that glow only at night. 55 Which of the following could be the best title for the text？ A. Could glowing plants reduce energy use? B. How do we live with glowing plants？ C. Could glowing plants replace lamps？ D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free？ 【答案】52. C 53. D 54. B 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了麻省理工学院（MIT）工程师通过改造植物结构，使其具备发光等功能，并探讨了该技术在未来替代日常物品功能、节约能源的应用前景。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,” explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.(麻省理工学院化学工程教授迈克尔・斯特拉诺解释说：我们正在思考如何通过改造植物来替代我们日常使用物品的功能)”可知，MIT工程师实验的主要目标是让植物取代日常物品的功能。故选C项。 【53题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段“The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start (这种光大约是阅读所需亮度的千分之一，这只是一个开始)”可知，光线强度极弱，故faint与weak含义相近，意为“微弱的”。故选D项。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed (喷洒) onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant's lifetime. (未来，该团队希望开发出一种技术版本，能够通过一次性处理将其喷洒在植物叶片上，且这种处理效果将持续植物的整个生命周期)”可知，MIT团队希望实现的未来改进是开发一种可持续植物一生的喷洒处理技术。故选B项。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第三段“Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps. (斯特拉诺说，这项技术未来某天可能会被用于照亮房间，甚至将树木变成自供电的路灯)”可知，文章围绕MIT工程师改造植物使其发光的研究展开，介绍了技术原理、现状及未来应用，重点探讨了发光植物替代灯具的可能性，C项“发光植物能取代灯具吗？”以设问形式概括核心内容，可以作为最佳标题。故选C项。 IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 56. 公众正逐渐意识到环境危机有多严重。(dawn on) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s gradually dawning on the public how serious the environmental crisis is! 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、时态、固定句型。表示“逐渐意识到”用动词短语dawn on，“某人意识到某事”表达为sth dawn on sb，“正逐渐意识到……”用现在进行时表达为it is gradually dawning on sb.，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的从句；表示“公众”用the public，作宾语。表示“……有多”用how，引导主语从句，表示“严重的”用serious；表示“环境危机”用the environmental crisis，作从句中的主语；从句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，be动词用is。故翻译为It’s gradually dawning on the public how serious the environmental crisis is! 57. 科学家们坚信这种新药能有效延缓衰老。(convince) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________ 【答案】Scientists are firmly convinced that this new drug can effectively slow down aging. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。主语为scientists；表示“坚信”短语为be firmly convinced that，陈述事实用一般现在时；从句主语“这种新药”为this new drug；表示“有效延缓衰老”用effectively slow down aging，can后跟动词原形。故翻译为Scientists are firmly convinced that this new drug can effectively slow down aging. 58. 学生需要密码才能访问在线图书馆的资源。(access) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________ 【答案】Students need a password to access/ have access to the online library. 【解析】 【详解】考查一般现在时。“需要” 表达为 need ；“密码”是 password，作宾语；“访问”常见表达为 access sth 或 have access to sth 。句子陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语 students 是复数，谓语动词用原形。故译为 Students need a password to access/have access to the online library. 59. 尽管面临挑战，研究团队依然对这一项目充满热情。(enthusiastic) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________ 【答案】Despite the challenges, the research team remained enthusiastic about the project. 【解析】 【详解】考查一般过去时和形容词。“尽管” 常见表达为介词despite，后接名词 ；“挑战”为名词challenge，“尽管面临挑战” 表达为despite the challenges ；“对……充满热情” 表达为形容词短语enthusiastic about，“依然”为系动词remain，此句陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，“依然对这一项目充满热情”表达为remained enthusiastic about，“这一项目”表达为the project。故译为Despite the challenges, the research team remained enthusiastic about the project.。 V. Guided Writing 60. Directions: Write an English composition in 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学高一学生李明。最近收到你就读于其他学校的好朋友张伟的邮件，他正在为选科的事情纠结：究竟该理化双选还是选自己喜欢的科目？就此想征求你的意见。请回复一封邮件，谈谈你的看法。（选修课程：optional course 文科：liberal arts 理科：sciences) 你的邮件内容需包括： 你的建议； 你的理由。 （文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称） _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Zhang Wei, Having received your email and understand that you’re facing a tough decision regarding your optional courses, I’d like to share my thoughts on this matter. Firstly, I suggest you choose the subjects that you are genuinely interested in, because being passionate about a subject often leads to better performance. If you have a strong liking for a particular subject, such as art, literature, or even a science topic that fascinates you, pursuing it can make your study experience more enjoyable and fulfilling. Secondly, consider your future aspirations. Think about what career path you might want to take in the future. It’s essential to align your current studies with your long-term goals. In conclusion, my advice is to weigh your interests and consider your future plans. Whatever decision you make, make sure it’s one that you feel good about and that will help you grow academically and personally. Wishing you all the best in making this important choice! Best regards, Li Ming 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生代替李明给张伟回信，就他所纠结的选科问题提出自己的看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 关于：regarding→in regard to/with respect to 建议：suggest→propose/advise/recommend 喜欢：be passionate about→be interested in/be enthusiastic about/be keen on/be fascinated by 考虑：consider→take…into consideration/take…into account 2.句式拓展： 同义句 原句：Firstly, I suggest you choose the subjects that you are genuinely interested in, because being passionate about a subject often leads to better performance. 拓展句：Firstly, I suggest you choose the subjects interesting you, because being passionate about a subject often leads to better performance. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Think about what career path you might want to take in the future.(运用了what引导宾语从句) 【高分句型2】 Whatever decision you make, make sure it’s one that you feel good about and that will help you grow academically and personally.(运用了whatever引导让步状语以及that引导定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 宝山区2024学年第二学期期末 高一年级英语学科质量监测试卷 （本试卷满分100分 考试时间90分钟） I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. A guitar. B. A coffee shop. C. A musician. D. A popular play. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He’d like to have the windows open. B. He rarely leaves the windows open. C. He’ll help her close the windows. D. He thinks the air is polluted. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. They turned onto the wrong road. B. They should take another route to the bank. C. The man will get to the bank before it closes. D. The bank will open soon. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Boring. B. Complicated. C. Insightful. D. Interesting. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Eat dinner at the cafeteria. B. Try to get a job at the cafeteria. C. Find out when the cafeteria opens. D. Meet her in the cafeteria this evening. 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She enjoys coming to dinner another time. B. She has a problem with her hearing. C. She wants the man to help her with some work. D. She wants to check the weather before deciding. 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He can hardly speak any Spanish. B. He can express himself in Spanish. C. He is learning to understand Spanish. D. He is better at listening than reading in Spanish. 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The cat is a lot of trouble. B The cat is quite friendly. C. He doesn't get on well with Debbie. D. He's glad Debbie gave him the cat. 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Type the letter as it is. B. Send the letter without typing it. C. Change some wordings in his letter. D. Check to make sure his facts are correct. 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He is very hungry. B. He needs to eat with someone else. C. He did not like what he ate for lunch. D. He will go with the woman. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages, and you will be asked several questions on the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. How he/she prepares a presentation. B. What a good presentation should be like. C. Why it is necessary to give a presentation. D. When he/she must shorten his/ her presentation. 12. A. Staying both calm and serious. B. Smiling while facing the audience. C. Making some necessary adjustments. D. Keeping to what has been prepared. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. A. 1973. B. 36,500. C. 20. D. 300,000. 14. A Workers’ wages increase largely every year. B. More money is spent on citizens’ welfare. C. Foreign investment is favoured. D. Business activity is regulated. 15. A. Ireland’s economic growth. B. Ireland’s future development. C. Ireland’s amazing history. D. Ireland’s traditional values. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Micro dramas can better tell China stories Micro dramas, featuring smartphone-suited video clips lasting only a few minutes, are gaining popularity both in China and abroad. The micro dramas ___16___ (design) and developed for smartphone and tablet users who prefer quick and engaging content, becoming popular due to their novel plot turns and unique characters. ___17___ the production of micro dramas in a relatively short time has created welcome opportunities for new actors and directors in the film and TV industry, most of the dramas feature counterattacks (反击) by sons-in-law, lover couples, struggles in the harem (宫斗). But such micro dramas have changed the characters to fit Western tastes, ___18___ (attract) a large number of Generation Z viewers in Europe and the United States. According to a white paper ___19___ (provide) by the China Net-casting Services Association, the micro drama industry is going through transformation and upgrading, with the number of micro drama viewers in China reaching 576 million in June 2024. The market size of micro dramas is estimated ___20___ (earn) over 68 billion yuan ($9.3 billion) in 2025 and 100 billion in 2027. The National Radio and Television Administration launched the "micro drama plus" action plan to integrate the micro-drama industry with other industries to promote cultural innovation and economic growth. The plan features several programs, including “travel through micro dramas”, ___21___ seek to promote tourism and rural development by making 100 micro dramas on cultural landmarks, natural landscapes and urban attractions. Some high-quality micro dramas featuring some cultural elements and tourist sites have already encouraged the development of tourism in some regions. Similarly, micro dramas ___22___ be combined with other industries to form new business models. In this era of social media, no single movie or TV drama can dominate the market. The “micro drama plus” model will thus make sure the micro-drama industry ___23___ (cooperate) with the film, TV series, online drama, animation and gaming industries to create a trans-media story world to show Chinese culture in ___24___ (various) ways. We expect micro dramas ____25____ a medium to shoulder the responsibility of better telling China's stories. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. based B. remind C. symptoms D. individually E. established F. considered G. edges H. available I. release J. accurately K. relief TCM teas are hotter in health market Herbal tea inspired by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is being prepared at a TCM hospital in Dingxi, Gansu province, in December. Several Chinese hospitals have found their ___26___ in the country’s growing health drinks market by prescribing herbal formulas (开处方) that target minor ___27___, from calming nerves and aiding sleep to promoting healthy hair. Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine recently launched five herbal medicine formulas for drinking. On the first day of the market ___28___, 10,000 doses (剂量) were sold. Wan Xixi deputy director of the hospital’s medical administration department, says these formulas are finished ___29___ on prescriptions from famous TCM practitioners (从业人员). Each dose of herbs is ___30___ packaged and can be boiled for easy consumption at home. “The bags of dried herbs are not ___31___ for purchase on the market. To obtain them, individuals must obtain a prescription as they are tailored to individual differences,” Wan explains. In recent years, an increasing number of health-conscious people have developed a strong interest in such herbal tea drinks. Many Chinese hospitals, especially TCM hospitals, are keen to promote their special herbal tea formulas, some of which change seasonally. For example, in summer, they focus on formulas of smoked tea for ___32___ from summer heat. In winter, herbal tea formulas for throat clearing are more popular. In addition to hospitals, many pharmacies (药房), including the ___33___ brand Beijing Tong Ren Tang, have seen a boost in herbal tea sales. Pharmacies ___34___ buyers that while some herbs are available in drink form and others, and can be consumed as food, herbal formulas are still ____35____ medicine and should be taken under proper medical supervision. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Some girls tend to feel frustrated if they have a pear-shaped body, with hips (臀部) that are wider than the breast and shoulders. Though pear-shaped people’s waists are ____36____ smaller, they may have more fat on their hips and legs. So, many pear-shaped girls try to ____37____ their hips and legs under large dresses and pants. However, a recent study suggested that pear-shaped people are the ones who won the genetic luck! The study found that the waist-to-hip ratio (比例) , usually called WHR, shows the strongest and most consistent association with death rate. By tradition, the body mass index (BMI) has been considered the best ____38____ of health. However, this study ____39____ this belief. It surveyed nearly 40,000 people and found that, regardless of BMI, WHR is ____40____ related to all-cause deaths. The larger the WHR, the higher the all-cause death rate will be. ____41____ focusing on how much fat a person has, scientists suggest people should focus more on where fat lies in a person’s body. WHR ____42____ your waist measurement to your hip measurement. A larger waistline means more central fat, which could indicate more visceral fat (内脏脂肪). Harvard Medical School states that more visceral fat increases the risk of illnesses including heart diseases. That’s why people with a pear-shaped body ____43____ to be healthier than others. According to the WHO, a healthy WHR is less than 0.85 for women and less than 0.9 for men. It is impossible to specifically ____44____ waist fat when people try to lose weight. But losing ____45____ fat will make the waist smaller. Researchers from Johns Hopkins University suggested we eat less carbohydrates and more food higher in fiber and protein. 36. A. completely B. suddenly C. usually D. certainly 37. A. hide B. show C. expose D. decorate 38. A. theory B. method C. indicator D. predictor 39. A. supports B. challenges C. confirms D. conducts 40. A. slightly B. hardly C. negatively D. directly 41. A. As for B. In spite of C. Owing to D. Instead of 42. A. compares B. links C. transfers D. introduces 43. A. prefer B. attempt C. tend D. choose 44. A. train B. target C. measure D. recover 45. A. partial B. harmless C. harmful D. overall Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Why Germany’s Economy, Once a Leader in Europe, Is Now in Crisis As Germans prepare for a snap election (临时选举) after the collapse of a government coalition (脆弱的联合政府), one issue at the top of voters’ minds will be how the new government would recreate the country’s once powerful economy. Germany, Europe’s largest economy, has not seen significant growth in the past two years. On Friday, the economy recorded 0.1 percent growth from July to September, but it is forecast to contract over the entire year. And economists do not expect to see a return to growth in 2025, unless a new government can make significant changes quickly. German industrial companies have seen production shrink more than 12 percent since 2018. Many point to a lack of clear signals from Berlin on where they should direct investment. An example was a sudden decision by the government to end subsidies (补贴) for electric vehicles at the end of last year in an effort to slim down the budget. Analysts point out that such strategies make it difficult for business leaders to plan investments or predict costs. That frustration has translated into record levels of pessimism among Germany’s industrial leaders, according to a survey by the IFO Institute in Munich. Beyond the industrial giants, the German economy also depends on innovation and professional knowledge. But in an increasingly digital world, Germany is lacking new companies that will help drive the next generation of growth. Government financing is available to help entrepreneurs (企业家) start business, but when it comes time to scale them, many move to the United States, where venture funding is more widely available and taxes are lower. “Our main problem is not what is happening to ThyssenKrupp,” Danyal Bayaz, the finance minister for the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, told the German American Conference at Harvard last week. “It is ‘Why is the last successful German start-up 50 years old?’” 46. What is the main concern of German voters as they prepare for a snap election? A. Whether the government coalition will collapse. B. How the country’s economy can be recovered. C. How high energy prices will rise. D. Whether companies will cut jobs. 47. What was the reason behind the government’s sudden decision to end subsidies for electric vehicles? A. To increase sales of electric vehicles B. To promote the use of traditional fuel vehicles C. To cut down on the budget D. To increase government incomes 48. What problem facing the German economy can be inferred from Danyal Bayaz’s words in the last paragraph? A The collapse of major industrial companies B. The lack of successful new start-ups C. High taxes on businesses in the country D. The unavailability of government financing for entrepreneurs (B) You’ll find it amazing to support people when you go out to eat! Just look for restaurants that hire people with disabilities，which are making the world a more inclusive place. Each bakery，café and restaurant below has a wonderful and heartwarming story. Hugs Care: McKinney，Texas Ruth Thompson once had a vision to create a nonprofit café that would be run and operated primarily by adults with special needs. With hard work，a strong passion and an amazing team，Hugs Café opened its doors in 2015.“Hugs Café is now so much more than a job to our 23 teammates，which is enhancing the meaningful lives of adults with special needs through training and employment at Hugs Café. Thompson says. Vinny＆Bay’s Coffee and Eatery: Panama City，Florida “A lot of people plan their vacations around coming to this coffee shop，”says café owner Kara Rigby. Vinny ＆ Bay’s Coffee and Eatery was established “so that Baylee had a place to work，”Rigby adds. Baylee is Rigby’s daughter’s friend who has a disability. The coffee shop’s goal become training for individuals like Baylee. Some workers have even started at Vinny ＆ Bay’ s and were able to work in a regular workplace. Rigby says that her employees” have a whole lot more abilities than disabilities. They love unconditionally，and it changes the whole environment and business.” Rigby believes that incorporating even just one or two disabled individuals into a business can change the whole atmosphere—for the better! Sugar Pl um Bakery: Virginia Beach，Virginia Head to Sugar Plum Bakery to find a delicious carrot cake and see people with disabilities successfully working alongside none—disabled workers. Sugar Plum has been promoting the integration of adult s with developmental disabilities by providing training and employment opportunities to more than 1，000 people with disabilities since 1987.Whether they’re scooping cookies or making cupcakes，Sugar Plum’s disabled employees are the backbone of the bakery. 49. What do the three restaurants have in common? A. They are established by adults with special needs. B. They are supported by charities or local government. C. The provide training and employment to disabled individuals. D. The employers and employees there are all individuals with disabilities. 50. It can be known from the passage that ______________. A. Hugs Café set up in 1987 now has 23 teammates B. Rigby founded her coffee shop to help Baylee，her daughter C. Disabled individuals are not able to work in a regular workplace D. Sugar P1um Bakery hires both normal people and people with disabilities 51. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest? A. Disabled workers there are the most important part. B. The bakery get s support and strength from backbone. C. The customers are always backing the disabled workers. D. The employees have a whole lot more abilities than disabilities. (C) The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants. The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further — changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. “We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,” explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT. One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps. In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed (喷洒) onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight. Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源) — such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission (传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. 52. What is the main goal of MIT engineers in their plant experimenting? A. To make everyday objects much more functional B. To study the connection between plants and crime rates C. To make plants take the place of functions of daily objects D. To increase employee productivity through office plants 53. What does the word “faint” in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. bright B. unconscious C. brief D. weak 54. What future improvement does the MIT team hope to achieve? A. Making plants glow bright enough to read by. B. Developing a spray treatment that lasts a plant’s lifetime. C. Designing plants that require a life-long spray treatment. D. Creating plants that glow only at night. 55. Which of the following could be the best title for the text？ A. Could glowing plants reduce energy use? B. How do we live with glowing plants？ C. Could glowing plants replace lamps？ D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free？ IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 56. 公众正逐渐意识到环境危机有多严重。(dawn on) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________ 57. 科学家们坚信这种新药能有效延缓衰老。(convince) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________ 58. 学生需要密码才能访问在线图书馆的资源。(access) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________ 59. 尽管面临挑战，研究团队依然对这一项目充满热情。(enthusiastic) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing 60. Directions: Write an English composition in 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学高一学生李明。最近收到你就读于其他学校的好朋友张伟的邮件，他正在为选科的事情纠结：究竟该理化双选还是选自己喜欢的科目？就此想征求你的意见。请回复一封邮件，谈谈你的看法。（选修课程：optional course 文科：liberal arts 理科：sciences) 你的邮件内容需包括： 你的建议； 你理由。 （文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称） _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Section a directions. In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation and the question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. One, I really enjoy listening to the guitar player at the coffee shop. I know, right, he's quite a good guitar player. Question, what are the two speakers mainly talking about? Two, do you want the windows open or closed? I almost always prefer fresh air, if possible. Question, what does the man imply? Three, what's holding up traffic? I've got to get to the bank before . IT closes. Relax, some workers are repair. Ring the road theyll. Let us through . in a second question, what does the woman imply? For that class wasn't as boring as I thought I would be. I totally agree. Question, what does the man think of the class? Five, I really need to make some extra money. I practically spent my entire budget for the semester. You should check out the new cafeteria. I think there are a few openings left in . the evening. Question, what does the woman suggest the man do? Six, can you come over for dinner tonight? I looked . to my ears in work, so i'll have to take a rain . check question. What does the woman mean? Seven, how much spanish do you speak? Well. I think I can make myself understood . question, what does the man mean? Eight, so how are you getting along with Debbie cat? Well, SHE never comes when I call her, and SHE spills her food all over the plate. I can't wait . till debby gets back. What does the man imply? Nine, what do you think of my letter to the editor? I want to type IT and mail IT today. I like your ideas, Robert, but I underlined some of the expressions you used. They seemed a little awkward question. what does the woman imply the man should do? Ten, hey, Bruce, i'm after lunch. Why don't you come along? I just ate, but i'd be happy to keep . you company. Question, what does the man imply? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two passages, and you will be asked several questions on the passages. The passengers will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions eleven through twelve are based on the following passage. I give a lot of papers at conferences to all kinds of different audiences with different levels of english and experience. I usually talk for between forty five minutes and an hour, and it's hard to keep people's attention for that long. So I make sure i'm very familiar with what i'm going to say. I write the whole talk out on my computer first. Then I rewrite IT onto little postcards, cutting a few bits out. Then finally, before actually giving the talk, I read these cards over and over to fix the things. In my mind, I still referred to the cards when i'm talking, but only as a guide. IT means I can say something not presented on the cards and adapt things to suit the audience to make sure they understand what i'm saying. It's also good to inject a few laughs into the talk to keep IT light. Listen again, please. I give a . lot of papers at conferences to all kinds of different audiences with different levels of english and experience. I usually talk for between forty five minutes in an hour, and it's hard to keep people's attention for that long. So I make sure I am very familiar with what i'm going to say. I write the whole talk out on my computer first, then I rewrite onto little postcards, cutting a few bits out. Then finally, before actually giving the talk, I read these cards over and over to fix the things. In my mind, I still refer to the cards when I am talking, but only as a guide. IT means I can say something not presented on the cards and adapt things to suit the audience to make sure they understand what i'm saying. It's also good to inject a few laughs into the talk to keep IT light. Questions eleven, what is the speaker mainly talking about? Twelve, according to the speaker, which of the following is important while giving a presentation. Questions thirteen through fifteen are based on the following passage. According to a recent survey Carried out by the economist magazine, ireland is the best country in the world to live in. Once ireland joined the E. U. In one thousand nine seventy three, the foundations for economic growth started to be put into place. The nineteen nineties saw the economic miracle finally arrive. A total transformation in ireland. S economic fortune was born. The country experienced year on year growth of almost ten percent, and now has the fourth highest G, D, P per person in the world. A massive thirty six thousand five hundred dollars per person, coupled with this has been a huge drop in unemployment from twenty percent fifteen years ago, two around four percent today. In many ways, ireland is the perfect advertisement for the policies of the IM. F. And the world bank, as IT, is one of the few economies that has opened itself up to free trade, foreign investment and unregulated business activity, cut welfare spending and checked wage increases, and yet still manage to boom, pulling many people back to this old country. Listen again, please. According to a recent survey Carried out by the economist magazine, ireland is the best country in the world to live in. Once ireland joined the E. U. In one thousand hundred and seventy three, the foundations for economic growth started to be put into place. The nineteen nineties saw the economic miracle finally arrive. A total transformation in ireland's economic fortunes was born. The country experienced year on year growth of almost ten percent, and now has the fourth highest GDP per person in the world, a massive thirty six thousand five hundred dollars per person, coupled with this has been a huge drop in unemployment, from twenty percent fifteen years ago to around four percent today. In many ways, ireland is the perfect advertisement for the policies of the I. M. F. And the world bank, as IT is one of the few economies that has opened itself up to free trade, foreign investment and unregulated business activity, cut welfare spending and checked wage increases, and yet still managed to boom, pulling many people back to this old country. Questions thirteen, according to the passage, what is ireland's G, DP. Per person? Fourteen, which of the following is true concerning the policy adopted in ireland? Fifteen, what is the passage mainly about? That's the end of listening comprehension.