12.【核心词汇全覆盖+语境过关测验】2025年期末高一英语单词快速突破人教版必修第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures （适用于全国）测试版+答案版

12.【核心词汇全覆盖+语境过关测验】 2025年期末高一英语单词快速突破 人教版必修第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures （适用于全国）测试版 第一部分 重点单词变形+重点词块 （知识点全覆盖) · 阅读单词知意 1. chip n.　__________________________ 2. cheese n.__________________________ 3. spicy adj.__________________________ 4. ethnic adj.__________________________ 5. mission n.__________________________ 6. graffiti n.[pl.] __________________________ 7. comic n.__________________________ 8. adj.__________________________ 9. china n.__________________________ 10. jazz n.__________________________ 11. bar n.__________________________ 12. diagram n.__________________________ 13. Atlantic adj.__________________________ 14. jeans n.__________________________ 15. boot n.__________________________ 16. mushroom n.__________________________ 17. accessory n.__________________________ 18. souvenir n.__________________________ 19. herbal adj.__________________________ · 核心单词写会 1.______________ adv.肯定；确实 2.______________ adv.在市中心；往市中心 3.______________ n.地区；区域 4.______________ adv.以后；后来 5.______________ vt.& n.夺取（生命）；宣称；断言 6.______________ n.一系列；连续；接连 7.______________ vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱 8.______________ n.诗集；诗歌；诗作 9.______________ adv.特别；格外adj.顶好的；超级的 10.______________ n.百分率；百分比 11.______________ adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的 12.______________ n.衣服；服装 13.______________ adj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的 · 单词变形 1. diverse adj. 不同的; 多种多样的→ ____________________ n. 差异(性); 不同(点); 多样性 2. admit v. 承认→ ____________________ n. 承认, 招认 3. definite adj. 肯定的; 确定的→ ____________________ adv. 肯定; 确实→ ____________________ adj. 模糊不清的; 不明确的 4. collect v. 收集; 收藏→ ____________________ n. 作品集; 收藏物; 收藏品 5. suit v. 合身; 适合n. 西服; 套装→____________________ adj. 合适的; 适宜的 6. poet n. 诗人→ ____________________ n. 诗; 韵文→ ____________________ n. 诗集; 诗歌; 诗作 7. poison n. 毒药; 毒物→ ____________________ adj. 有毒的 8. finance n. 资金; 财政; 金融→ ____________________ adj财政的; 财务的; 金融的 9. settle v. 定居; 解决→ ____________________ n. 定居者→ ____________________ n. 定居点; 解决 10. contain v. 包含; 含有→ ____________________ n. 容器: 集装箱: 货柜 → ____________________ n. 所含之物; 内容; 目录 · 重点词块 1. ____________________(朝……)前进; (向……)去 2. ____________________ 寻找成功致富之路; 闯世界 3. ____________________ 谋生 4. ____________________ 一系列或一连串(事件) 5. ____________________ 除了……外(还) ; 此外 6. ____________________ 仅举几例 7. ____________________ 导致; 引起 8. ____________________ 第一手; 亲自 9. ____________________ 安居下来; 使平静下来 10. ____________________ 过去常常 第二部分 核心词汇+语法语境过关测验 · 单词拼写 1. ________ (后来), she was sorry for what she had said. 2. A local organization has ____(声称) that it will take responsibility for the incident. 3. America is an______________(移民的) country, where people are from all parts of world. 4. As a child he would often ________ (逃脱) into a dreamworld of his own. 5. California has many ________ (移民) from all over the world. 6. Every visitor was presented with a ________ (纪念品)． 7. Hong Kong is an international ______________(金融的) centre. 8. Hopefully, another ten volunteers will have been______________(挑选) to work in the new exhibition by the end of this week. 9. I ________ (肯定) remember sending the letter. 10. In my daily life, I sometimes imagine ____(逃离) from the crowded city to live close to nature. 11. Most of the old buildings in this ________ (地区) have been pulled down. 12. New York was ________ (选择) as the site of the research centre. 13. Our________(瓷器) is famous all over the world and foreigners are eager to buy it. 14. She’s very creative ─ she writes __________(诗歌) and paints. 15. The fish was served in a bright lake of ______________(辛辣的) carrot sauce. 16. The fish was served in a bright lake of ______________(辛辣的) carrot sauce. 17. The gases given off by the factory ______________(包含；含有) a poisonous substance that is harmful to people’s health. 18. Use a soap that is ________ (温和的) on the skin. 19. We value the rich biological _____________(多样性)of the rainforest. 20. With food and quilts distributed to the victims in the flood, the soldiers continued their rescue_______________(任务). · 语法填空 1. ________ addition, the Internet is also very helpful in studying English. 2. ______________(History) buildings are both attractive and important,and they are valuable property to the city. 3. A six-year-old boy narrowly escaped ____(hit) by a car when he crossed the road. 4. Although most of the work had been carried out by 1860, ________(construct) was not finished until a decade afterwards. 5. Although the company is facing a ________(finance) crisis, it is still paying all its employees’ salaries. 6. Apart __________ having fun with friends, travelling around the world will be another way to relax and learn. 7. China is such an important player on the world stage that there will ________(definite) be more and more Chinese learners. 8. He raised his hand as if _______(take) off his hat. 9. His ________(poem) was slow in achieving recognition. 10. I need a ________ (contain) for these cookies. 11. If __________ (fortune) enough, they may dig out the problem and get back to happy marriage again. 12. It is a pity that all the ______________ (collect) are not open to the public, but Louvre is still well worth a visit. 13. Monrovia is filled with hundreds of thousands of refugees (难民), many of ______________are hungry and homeless. 14. No money can be spent on the ______________ (construct) and operation of the shopping mall. 15. Our school library provides us students with a wide ____(select) of new books on different subjects. 16. Over the years he has contributed many articles to technical__________(journal). 17. Police said the accident__________(occur)at about 4：30 pm. 18. Shanghai is an attractive city，but maybe it's not ______________(suit) for everyone． 19. Shanghai is an attractive city，but maybe it's not _____________(suit) for everyone． 20. She is said to have gained ________(admit) to the university of her choice. 21. Teachers like students to express a ________(diverse) of views on a certain problem. 22. The house is not really ________(suit) for a large family, so they decide to buy a big one. 23. The idea that he wanted to be a teacher occurred ________him in a dream. 24. The legendary Dragon Gate was built using ______________ (material) donated from China. 25. The little boy is ignorant of the dangers of ________ (poison) chemicals. 26. The protection of national and traditional culture is of great significance to our cultural ____(diverse). 27. The scientists __________ (claim) that they had made a great discovery in the fight against cancer last month. 28. The size and shape of your nose is determined by the climate ______________you live,according to a new research. 29. There are many kinds of music: jazz, rhythm and blues, rock and roll and pop music to name ______________ a few. 30. These pieces can be __________ (fold) into a neat pack and fastened on your belt. 31. We can see many short videos sharing how to make delicious snacks and in the end the people often put them into a beautiful ______________(contain). 32. We must provide good ____________ (material) for developing the students’ reading skills. 33. We need to give kids a chance to learn about the world ______________ first hand. 34. We only sell ______________(item) at fixed prices here. In other words, all prices are final. 35. We seek __________ (find) a way to make us get along with the people around us. 36. When ________(compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. 37. When __________(read) in the classroom, we heard a terrible noise. 38. When________ (work) in green environment, people have fewer stomach aches. 39. With any accident, it’s never just one thing. It’s __________ series of faults that together create an unfortunate outcome. 第三部分 重点语法：省略 · 语法填空 1. A café with a peaceful and casual atmosphere is popular among young customers, especially if ________ (locate) in a quiet building. 2. After ___________ (encourage) by what Jane said, Peter walked to the centre of the stage. 3. Although ________ (do) his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks. 4. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than ________(anticipate). 5. Anyone, once ______ (test) positive for COVID-19 virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government. 6. As ________(plan), the meeting will be held next month. 7. Children under 14, when ________(accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 8. Fear, if __________ (deal) with properly, can serve as a great power. 9. I have nothing to do but________ (sleep) . 10. If ______ (give) another chance, I could do it better. 11. If ________ (admit) by your ideal university, you’d better make a plan in advance so as to fully enjoy your college life. 12. If ________(necessity), I’ll finish my report on American poetry as soon as it is possible. 13. If not ________ (treat) in time, some health problems will become more serious. 14. If properly ________(treat) waste will do no harm to the environment. 15. Its walls were fresh as if ________(paint) yesterday; not a single color changed on the rich pattern of its floors. 16. Once________(see)，it will never be forgotten. 17. Please take notes while ________ ( listen) to the teacher. 18. She gave me a comforting smile, nodded while ________ (listen) patiently. 19. She went on working though________(blame)by the manager. 20. The advisor talked about maintaining reasonable expectations when ________(study) abroad. 21. The letter is to be left here until________（call）for. 22. The medicine is quite effective if ________(take) on time. 23. The plant will choke ponds and waterways if________(leave) uncontrolled. 24. Though ________(lack) money, his family lived an enjoyable life. 25. Though _________(surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome. 26. When ______(chase) by an enemy, a rabbit can run as fast as 18 miles an hour. 27. When ________ (absorb) in his world of music，he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him，like he had in his previous life. 28. When ________ (consult) others about important decisions, you’d better keep two things in mind. 29. When ________ (face) with a pandemic, people may become more forgiving. 30. When ________ (question), she said that she hadn’t set a goal yet. 31. When _________ (expose) to light, potatoes will turn green. 32. When deeply _____(bury) in work, he always forgets all about eating and sleeping. 33. When first________(introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success. 34. When the city of Pompeii was dug from its resting place, its walls were fresh as if ________(paint) yesterday. 35. When________(interview), the scientist stared at the ceiling, thinking for a while. 36. When_________(visit) this city, you’ll find that there are so many surprises waiting for you to discover. 37. While ________ (drive), one should pay attention to traffic signs and obey traffic rules. 38. While________ (work), they listened to the songs. 39. While________（compete）with her, he hurt his leg. 40. You’d better keep silent until ________(speak) to. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 12.【核心词汇全覆盖+语境过关测验】 2025年期末高一英语单词快速突破 人教版必修第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures （适用于全国）答案版 第一部分 重点单词变形+重点词块 （知识点全覆盖) · 阅读单词知意 1. chip n.　（英）炸土豆条；（美）炸薯片；芯片；碎片　 2. cheese n.　干酪；奶酪　 3. spicy adj.　加有香料的；辛辣的　 4. ethnic adj.　具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的　 5. mission n.　传教（区）；重要任务；使命　 6. graffiti n.[pl.] 　涂鸦；胡写乱画　 7. comic n.　连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员　 8. adj.　滑稽的；使人发笑的　 9. china n.　瓷；瓷器　 10. jazz n.　爵士乐　 11. bar n.　酒吧；小吃店；小馆子　 12. diagram n.　简图；图解；图表；示意图　 13. Atlantic adj.　大西洋的　 14. jeans n.　牛仔裤　 15. boot n.　靴子　 16. mushroom n.　蘑菇；蕈　 17. accessory n.　配饰；附件；配件　 18. souvenir n.　纪念物；纪念品　 19. herbal adj.　药草的；香草的　 · 核心单词写会 1.　definitely　 adv.肯定；确实 2.　downtown　 adv.在市中心；往市中心 3.　district　 n.地区；区域 4.　afterwards　 adv.以后；后来 5.　claim　 vt.& n.夺取（生命）；宣称；断言 6.　series　 n.一系列；连续；接连 7.　escape　 vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱 8.　poetry　 n.诗集；诗歌；诗作 9.　super　 adv.特别；格外adj.顶好的；超级的 10.　percentage　 n.百分率；百分比 11.　mild　 adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的 12.　clothing　 n.衣服；服装 13.　neat　 adj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的 · 单词变形 1. diverse adj. 不同的; 多种多样的→ ____________________ n. 差异(性); 不同(点); 多样性 2. admit v. 承认→ ____________________ n. 承认, 招认 3. definite adj. 肯定的; 确定的→ ____________________ adv. 肯定; 确实→ ____________________ adj. 模糊不清的; 不明确的 4. collect v. 收集; 收藏→ ____________________ n. 作品集; 收藏物; 收藏品 5. suit v. 合身; 适合n. 西服; 套装→____________________ adj. 合适的; 适宜的 6. poet n. 诗人→ ____________________ n. 诗; 韵文→ ____________________ n. 诗集; 诗歌; 诗作 7. poison n. 毒药; 毒物→ ____________________ adj. 有毒的 8. finance n. 资金; 财政; 金融→ ____________________ adj财政的; 财务的; 金融的 9. settle v. 定居; 解决→ ____________________ n. 定居者→ ____________________ n. 定居点; 解决 10. contain v. 包含; 含有→ ____________________ n. 容器: 集装箱: 货柜 → ____________________ n. 所含之物; 内容; 目录 · 重点词块 1. ____________________(朝……)前进; (向……)去 2. ____________________ 寻找成功致富之路; 闯世界 3. ____________________ 谋生 4. ____________________ 一系列或一连串(事件) 5. ____________________ 除了……外(还) ; 此外 6. ____________________ 仅举几例 7. ____________________ 导致; 引起 8. ____________________ 第一手; 亲自 9. ____________________ 安居下来; 使平静下来 10. ____________________ 过去常常 【答案】 · 阅读单词知意 1. （英）炸土豆条；（美）炸薯片；芯片；碎片　 2. 干酪；奶酪　 3. 加有香料的；辛辣的　 4. 具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的　 5. 传教（区）；重要任务；使命　 6. 涂鸦；胡写乱画　 7. 连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员　 8. 滑稽的；使人发笑的　 9. 瓷；瓷器　 10. 爵士乐　 11. 酒吧；小吃店；小馆子　 12. 简图；图解；图表；示意图　 13. 大西洋的　 14. 牛仔裤　 15. 靴子　 16. 蘑菇；蕈　 17. 配饰；附件；配件　 18. 纪念物；纪念品　 19. 药草的；香草的　 · 核心单词写会 1. definitely　 2. downtown　 3. district　 4. afterwards　 5. claim　 6. series　 7. escape　 8. poetry　 9. super　 10. percentage　 11. mild　 12. clothing　 13. neat　 · 单词变形 1. diverse adj. 不同的; 多种多样的→ diversity n. 差异(性); 不同(点); 多样性 2. admit v. 承认→ admission n. 承认, 招认 3. definite adj. 肯定的; 确定的→ definitely adv. 肯定; 确实→ indefinite adj. 模糊不清的; 不明确的 4. collect v. 收集; 收藏→ collection n. 作品集; 收藏物; 收藏品 5. suit v. 合身; 适合n. 西服; 套装→suitable adj. 合适的; 适宜的 6. poet n. 诗人→ poem n. 诗; 韵文→ poetry n. 诗集; 诗歌; 诗作 7. poison n. 毒药; 毒物→ poisonous adj. 有毒的 8. finance n. 资金; 财政; 金融→ financial adj财政的; 财务的; 金融的 9. settle v. 定居; 解决→ settler n. 定居者→ settlement n. 定居点; 解决 10. contain v. 包含; 含有→ container n. 容器: 集装箱: 货柜 → content n. 所含之物; 内容; 目录 · 重点词块 1. head to (朝……)前进; (向……)去 2. seek one’s fortune 寻找成功致富之路; 闯世界 3. earn a living 谋生 4. series of 一系列或一连串(事件) 5. apart from 除了……外(还) ; 此外 6. to name but a few 仅举几例 7. bring about 导致; 引起 8. (at) first hand 第一手; 亲自 9. settle down 安居下来; 使平静下来 10. used to 过去常常 第二部分 核心词汇+语法语境过关测验 · 单词拼写 1. ________ (后来), she was sorry for what she had said. 2. A local organization has ____(声称) that it will take responsibility for the incident. 3. America is an______________(移民的) country, where people are from all parts of world. 4. As a child he would often ________ (逃脱) into a dreamworld of his own. 5. California has many ________ (移民) from all over the world. 6. Every visitor was presented with a ________ (纪念品)． 7. Hong Kong is an international ______________(金融的) centre. 8. Hopefully, another ten volunteers will have been______________(挑选) to work in the new exhibition by the end of this week. 9. I ________ (肯定) remember sending the letter. 10. In my daily life, I sometimes imagine ____(逃离) from the crowded city to live close to nature. 11. Most of the old buildings in this ________ (地区) have been pulled down. 12. New York was ________ (选择) as the site of the research centre. 13. Our________(瓷器) is famous all over the world and foreigners are eager to buy it. 14. She’s very creative ─ she writes __________(诗歌) and paints. 15. The fish was served in a bright lake of ______________(辛辣的) carrot sauce. 16. The fish was served in a bright lake of ______________(辛辣的) carrot sauce. 17. The gases given off by the factory ______________(包含；含有) a poisonous substance that is harmful to people’s health. 18. Use a soap that is ________ (温和的) on the skin. 19. We value the rich biological _____________(多样性)of the rainforest. 20. With food and quilts distributed to the victims in the flood, the soldiers continued their rescue_______________(任务). 答案、解析及翻译 1. 答案：Later 解析：“后来” 常见表达为 “Later”，用于句首时首字母大写，强调时间上的后续发生。 翻译：后来，她对自己说过的话感到后悔。 2. 答案：claimed 解析：“声称” 对应动词 “claim”，句中时态为现在完成时（has + 过去分词），故填 “claimed”。 翻译：一个当地组织声称将对该事件负责。 3. 答案：immigrant 解析：“移民的” 在此处作定语修饰 “country”，“immigrant” 表示 “移民的；移民国家的”，注意与 “immigratory”（侧重移民行为）区分。 翻译：美国是一个移民国家，人们来自世界各地。 4. 答案：escape 解析：“逃脱” 对应 “escape”，“escape into” 表示 “逃入（某种状态）”，情态动词 “would” 后接动词原形。 翻译：小时候，他常常逃入自己的梦幻世界。 5. 答案：immigrants 解析：“移民” 作名词时，“immigrant” 为可数名词，“many” 后接复数形式 “immigrants”。 翻译：加利福尼亚有许多来自世界各地的移民。 6. 答案：souvenir 解析：“纪念品” 对应 “souvenir”，“a” 后接单数名词。 翻译：每位游客都得到了一份纪念品。 7. 答案：financial 解析：“金融的” 形容词为 “financial”，修饰 “centre”。 翻译：香港是一个国际金融中心。 8. 答案：selected 解析：“挑选” 为 “select”，句中时态为将来完成时的被动语态（will have been + 过去分词），故填 “selected”。 翻译：有望到本周末再挑选十名志愿者在新展览中工作。 9. 答案：definitely 解析：“肯定” 此处修饰动词 “remember”，需用副词 “definitely”。 翻译：我肯定记得把信寄出去了。 10. 答案：escaping 解析：“逃离” 对应 “escape”，“imagine doing sth.” 为固定搭配，故填动名词 “escaping”。 翻译：在日常生活中，我有时会想象逃离拥挤的城市，去亲近自然。 11. 答案：district 解析：“地区” 对应 “district”，指特定区域，“this” 后接单数名词。 翻译：这个地区的大多数老建筑已被拆除。 12. 答案：chosen 解析：“选择” 为 “choose”，句中时态为一般过去时的被动语态（was + 过去分词），“choose” 的过去分词为 “chosen”。 翻译：纽约被选为研究中心的所在地。 13. 答案：china 解析：“瓷器” 为 “china”（注意首字母小写，“China” 为 “中国”），不可数名词。 翻译：我们的瓷器闻名于世，外国人都渴望购买。 14. 答案：poetry 解析：“诗歌” 此处泛指诗歌创作，用不可数名词 “poetry”；若指具体诗篇可用 “poem”。 翻译：她很有创造力 —— 既写诗又画画。 15. 答案：spicy 解析：“辛辣的” 对应形容词 “spicy”，修饰 “carrot sauce”。 翻译：这道鱼盛在色泽鲜亮、辛辣的胡萝卜酱汁中。 16. 答案：spicy 解析：同第 15 题，重复题目故答案一致。 17. 答案：contain 解析：“包含” 对应 “contain”，主语 “gases” 为复数，动词用原形；“include” 侧重部分包含，“contain” 侧重整体含有。 翻译：工厂排放的气体中含有一种对人体健康有害的有毒物质。 18. 答案：mild 解析：“温和的” 对应 “mild”，“be mild on sth.” 表示 “对…… 温和”。 翻译：使用对皮肤温和的肥皂。 19. 答案：diversity 解析：“多样性” 对应名词 “diversity”，“biological diversity” 为 “生物多样性”。 翻译：我们重视雨林丰富的生物多样性。 20. 答案：mission 解析：“任务” 对应 “mission”，指有特定目标的任务，“rescue mission” 为 “救援任务”。 翻译：在向洪灾受害者分发食物和被子后，士兵们继续执行救援任务。 · 语法填空 1. ________ addition, the Internet is also very helpful in studying English. 2. ______________(History) buildings are both attractive and important,and they are valuable property to the city. 3. A six-year-old boy narrowly escaped ____(hit) by a car when he crossed the road. 4. Although most of the work had been carried out by 1860, ________(construct) was not finished until a decade afterwards. 5. Although the company is facing a ________(finance) crisis, it is still paying all its employees’ salaries. 6. Apart __________ having fun with friends, travelling around the world will be another way to relax and learn. 7. China is such an important player on the world stage that there will ________(definite) be more and more Chinese learners. 8. He raised his hand as if _______(take) off his hat. 9. His ________(poem) was slow in achieving recognition. 10. I need a ________ (contain) for these cookies. 11. If __________ (fortune) enough, they may dig out the problem and get back to happy marriage again. 12. It is a pity that all the (collect) are not open to the public, but Louvre is still well worth a visit. 13. Monrovia is filled with hundreds of thousands of refugees (难民), many of are hungry and homeless. 14. No money can be spent on the (construct) and operation of the shopping mall. 15. Our school library provides us students with a wide ____(select) of new books on different subjects. 16. Over the years he has contributed many articles to technical__________(journal). 17. Police said the accident__________(occur)at about 4：30 pm. 18. Shanghai is an attractive city，but maybe it's not (suit) for everyone． 19. Shanghai is an attractive city，but maybe it's not _____________(suit) for everyone． 20. She is said to have gained ________(admit) to the university of her choice. 21. Teachers like students to express a ________(diverse) of views on a certain problem. 22. The house is not really ________(suit) for a large family, so they decide to buy a big one. 23. The idea that he wanted to be a teacher occurred ________him in a dream. 24. The legendary Dragon Gate was built using (material) donated from China. 25. The little boy is ignorant of the dangers of ________ (poison) chemicals. 26. The protection of national and traditional culture is of great significance to our cultural ____(diverse). 27. The scientists __________ (claim) that they had made a great discovery in the fight against cancer last month. 28. The size and shape of your nose is determined by the climate you live,according to a new research. 29. There are many kinds of music: jazz, rhythm and blues, rock and roll and pop music to name a few. 30. These pieces can be __________ (fold) into a neat pack and fastened on your belt. 31. We can see many short videos sharing how to make delicious snacks and in the end the people often put them into a beautiful (contain). 32. We must provide good ____________ (material) for developing the students’ reading skills. 33. We need to give kids a chance to learn about the world first hand. 34. We only sell (item) at fixed prices here. In other words, all prices are final. 35. We seek __________ (find) a way to make us get along with the people around us. 36. When ________(compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. 37. When __________(read) in the classroom, we heard a terrible noise. 38. When________ (work) in green environment, people have fewer stomach aches. 39. With any accident, it’s never just one thing. It’s __________ series of faults that together create an unfortunate outcome. 答案、解析及翻译汇总 1. In 解析：固定短语 in addition 表示 “此外”，用于补充说明。 翻译：此外，互联网在学习英语方面也很有帮助。 2. Historical 解析：形容词 historical 表示 “历史的”，修饰名词 “buildings”，指 “历史建筑”。 翻译：历史建筑既具有吸引力又很重要，是城市的宝贵财产。 3. being hit 解析：escape 后接动名词作宾语，且 “男孩被车撞” 为被动关系，故用 being hit。 翻译：一个六岁男孩过马路时险些被车撞到。 4. construction 解析：此处需名词作主语，construction 表示 “建设；建造”。 翻译：尽管到 1860 年大部分工作已完成，但建设直到十年后才结束。 5. financial 解析：形容词 financial 修饰名词 “crisis”，表示 “财务的；金融的”。 翻译：尽管公司面临财务危机，但仍在支付所有员工的工资。 6. from 解析：固定短语 apart from 表示 “除…… 之外”，符合语境。 翻译：除了和朋友玩乐，环游世界是另一种放松和学习的方式。 7. definitely 解析：副词 definitely 修饰动词 “will be”，表示 “肯定地”。 翻译：中国在世界舞台上如此重要，肯定会有越来越多的汉语学习者。 8. to take 解析：as if 后接不定式 to take，表示 “好像要做某事”，为省略结构（完整形式为 as if he was going to take）。 翻译：他举起手，好像要脱帽。 9. poetry 解析：poetry 为不可数名词，指 “诗歌（总称）”，与谓语动词 “was” 一致。 翻译：他的诗歌很晚才获得认可。 10. container 解析：名词 container 表示 “容器”，符合 “装饼干” 的语境。 翻译：我需要一个装这些饼干的容器。 11. fortunate 解析：形容词 fortunate 作表语，“if fortunate enough” 为省略结构（完整形式为 if they are fortunate enough）。 翻译：如果足够幸运，他们可能会找出问题，重新回到幸福的婚姻中。 12. collections 解析：名词 collection 表示 “收藏品”，根据 “all” 和 “are” 可知用复数形式。 翻译：遗憾的是，并非所有收藏品都对公众开放，但卢浮宫仍值得一游。 13. whom 解析：定语从句中，先行词为 “refugees”，介词 “of” 后用宾格关系代词 whom。 翻译：蒙罗维亚挤满了数十万难民，他们中许多人忍饥挨饿、无家可归。 14. construction 解析：同第 4 题，名词 construction 与 “operation” 并列作介词宾语。 翻译：不能在购物中心的建设和运营上花钱。 15. selection 解析：名词 selection 表示 “选择；精选品”，a wide selection of 意为 “各种各样的”。 翻译：学校图书馆为我们学生提供了各种不同学科的新书。 16. journals 解析：journal 表示 “期刊”，由 “many articles” 可知用复数形式。 翻译：多年来，他为科技期刊撰写了许多文章。 17. occurred 解析：宾语从句中，事故发生在过去，用一般过去时 occurred。 翻译：警方称事故发生在下午 4:30 左右。 18. suitable 解析：形容词 suitable 作表语，be suitable for 表示 “适合……”。 翻译：上海是一座有吸引力的城市，但也许并不适合所有人。 19. the same as 18（题目重复） 答案：suitable 20. admission 解析：名词 admission 表示 “录取；准入”，gain admission to 意为 “获得…… 的录取”。 翻译：据说她已被心仪的大学录取。 21. diversity 解析：名词 diversity 表示 “多样性”，a diversity of 意为 “各种各样的”。 翻译：老师喜欢学生对某一问题表达各种观点。 22. suitable 解析：同第 18 题，be suitable for 表示 “适合……”。 翻译：这房子不太适合大家庭，所以他们决定买一套大的。 23. to 解析：固定短语 occur to sb. 表示 “（想法）出现在某人脑海中”。 翻译：他想成为一名教师的想法是在梦中产生的。 24. materials 解析：material 表示 “材料” 时常用复数形式，指建造龙门的多种材料。 翻译：传说中的龙门是用中国捐赠的材料建造的。 25. poisonous 解析：形容词 poisonous 修饰名词 “chemicals”，表示 “有毒的”。 翻译：小男孩不知道有毒化学物质的危险。 26. diversity 解析：名词 diversity 表示 “多样性”，cultural diversity 意为 “文化多样性”。 翻译：保护民族和传统文化对我们的文化多样性具有重要意义。 27. claimed 解析：根据 “last month” 可知用一般过去时 claimed，宾语从句中 “had made” 为过去完成时，符合时态逻辑。 翻译：科学家们声称他们上个月在对抗癌症方面有了重大发现。 28. where 解析：定语从句中，先行词 “climate” 表地点，从句缺地点状语，用关系副词 where。 翻译：一项新研究表明，鼻子的大小和形状由你居住的气候决定。 29. just 解析：固定短语 to name just a few 表示 “仅举几例”，用于列举。 翻译：音乐有很多种：爵士乐、节奏布鲁斯、摇滚乐和流行音乐，仅举几例。 30. folded 解析：被动语态，be folded 表示 “被折叠”，与 “fastened” 并列。 翻译：这些部件可以折叠成整齐的一包，系在腰带上。 31. container 解析：同第 10 题，名词 container 表示 “容器”。 翻译：我们能看到很多分享如何制作美味小吃的短视频，最后人们通常把小吃放进漂亮的容器里。 32. materials 解析：material 表示 “材料” 时常用复数，指学习阅读技能的多种材料。 翻译：我们必须为培养学生的阅读技能提供良好的材料。 33. at 解析：固定短语 at first hand 表示 “直接地；亲身地”。 翻译：我们需要给孩子一个直接了解世界的机会。 34. items 解析：item 表示 “商品；物品”，由 “sell” 和 “all prices” 可知用复数。 翻译：我们这里只按固定价格出售商品。换句话说，所有价格都是最终价。 35. to find 解析：seek to do sth. 表示 “试图做某事”，用不定式 to find。 翻译：我们试图找到一种与周围人和睦相处的方法。 36. comparing 解析：时间状语从句中，主语 “we” 与 compare 为主动关系，用现在分词 comparing 作状语。 翻译：比较不同文化时，我们常常只注意差异，而忽略许多相似之处。 37. reading 解析：同第 36 题，主语 “we” 与 read 为主动关系，用现在分词 reading 作状语。 翻译：在教室读书时，我们听到一声可怕的噪音。 38. working 解析：同第 36 题，主语 “people” 与 work 为主动关系，用现在分词 working 作状语。 翻译：在绿色环境中工作时，人们胃痛更少。 39. a 解析：固定短语 a series of 表示 “一系列的”。 翻译：任何事故都绝非单一因素所致，而是一系列错误共同导致了不幸的结果 第三部分 省略 · 语法填空 1. A café with a peaceful and casual atmosphere is popular among young customers, especially if ________ (locate) in a quiet building. 2. After ___________ (encourage) by what Jane said, Peter walked to the centre of the stage. 3. Although ________ (do) his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks. 4. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than ________(anticipate). 5. Anyone, once ______ (test) positive for COVID-19 virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government. 6. As ________(plan), the meeting will be held next month. 7. Children under 14, when ________(accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 8. Fear, if __________ (deal) with properly, can serve as a great power. 9. I have nothing to do but________ (sleep) . 10. If ______ (give) another chance, I could do it better. 11. If ________ (admit) by your ideal university, you’d better make a plan in advance so as to fully enjoy your college life. 12. If ________(necessity), I’ll finish my report on American poetry as soon as it is possible. 13. If not ________ (treat) in time, some health problems will become more serious. 14. If properly ________(treat) waste will do no harm to the environment. 15. Its walls were fresh as if ________(paint) yesterday; not a single color changed on the rich pattern of its floors. 16. Once________(see)，it will never be forgotten. 17. Please take notes while ________ ( listen) to the teacher. 18. She gave me a comforting smile, nodded while ________ (listen) patiently. 19. She went on working though________(blame)by the manager. 20. The advisor talked about maintaining reasonable expectations when ________(study) abroad. 21. The letter is to be left here until________（call）for. 22. The medicine is quite effective if ________(take) on time. 23. The plant will choke ponds and waterways if________(leave) uncontrolled. 24. Though ________(lack) money, his family lived an enjoyable life. 25. Though _________(surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome. 26. When ______(chase) by an enemy, a rabbit can run as fast as 18 miles an hour. 27. When ________ (absorb) in his world of music，he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him，like he had in his previous life. 28. When ________ (consult) others about important decisions, you’d better keep two things in mind. 29. When ________ (face) with a pandemic, people may become more forgiving. 30. When ________ (question), she said that she hadn’t set a goal yet. 31. When _________ (expose) to light, potatoes will turn green. 32. When deeply _____(bury) in work, he always forgets all about eating and sleeping. 33. When first________(introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success. 34. When the city of Pompeii was dug from its resting place, its walls were fresh as if ________(paint) yesterday. 35. When________(interview), the scientist stared at the ceiling, thinking for a while. 36. When_________(visit) this city, you’ll find that there are so many surprises waiting for you to discover. 37. While ________ (drive), one should pay attention to traffic signs and obey traffic rules. 38. While________ (work), they listened to the songs. 39. While________（compete）with her, he hurt his leg. 40. You’d better keep silent until ________(speak) to. 答案、解析及翻译 1. located 解析：状语从句省略结构，完整形式为 “if it is located”。主语 “a café” 与 “locate” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：氛围宁静休闲的咖啡馆在年轻顾客中很受欢迎，尤其是如果位于安静的建筑里。 2. being encouraged 解析：after 为介词，后接动名词；“Peter” 与 “encourage” 为被动关系，用动名词的被动式 “being encouraged”。 翻译：被简的话鼓励后，彼得走向舞台中央。 3. doing 解析：although 引导的让步状语从句省略主语和 be 动词，完整形式为 “although he is doing”。主语 “he” 与 “do” 为主动关系，用现在分词。 翻译：尽管他这些天在数学上尽了全力，但仍未取得好成绩。 4. anticipated 解析：比较状语从句省略结构，完整形式为 “than it is anticipated”。“presentation” 与 “anticipate” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：永远让你的展示比预期短一点。 5. tested 解析：once 引导的条件状语从句省略 “he is”，“anyone” 与 “test” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：任何人一旦新冠病毒检测呈阳性，将从我国政府获得免费治疗。 6. planned 解析：as 引导的方式状语从句省略 “it is”，“meeting” 与 “plan” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：按计划，会议将于下个月举行。 7. accompanied 解析：when 引导的时间状语从句省略 “they are”，“children” 与 “accompany” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：14 岁以下儿童在父母陪同下可进入体育场。 8. dealt 解析：if 引导的条件状语从句省略 “it is”，“fear” 与 “deal with” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：恐惧如果被正确处理，能成为强大的力量。 9. sleep 解析：固定结构 “have nothing to do but do sth.”，but 前有实义动词 do，后接动词原形。 翻译：我除了睡觉无事可做。 10. given 解析：if 引导的条件状语从句省略 “I am”，“I” 与 “give” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：如果再给我一次机会，我能做得更好。 11. admitted 解析：if 引导的条件状语从句省略 “you are”，“you” 与 “admit” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：如果被理想大学录取，你最好提前制定计划以充分享受大学生活。 12. necessary 解析：if 引导的条件状语从句省略 “it is”，用形容词 “necessary” 作表语。 翻译：如有必要，我会尽快完成关于美国诗歌的报告。 13. treated 解析：if 引导的条件状语从句省略 “they are”，“health problems” 与 “treat” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：如果不及时治疗，一些健康问题会变得更严重。 14. treated 解析：if 引导的条件状语从句省略 “it is”，“waste” 与 “treat” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：如果处理得当，垃圾不会对环境造成危害。 15. painted 解析：as if 引导的方式状语从句省略 “they were”，“walls” 与 “paint” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：它的墙壁崭新如初，仿佛昨天刚粉刷过；地板上丰富的图案没有一丝褪色。 16. seen 解析：once 引导的条件状语从句省略 “it is”，“it” 与 “see” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：一旦见过，便永难忘怀。 17. listening 解析：while 引导的时间状语从句省略 “you are”，“you” 与 “listen” 为主动关系，用现在分词。 翻译：听老师讲课时请做笔记。 18. listening 解析：while 引导的时间状语从句省略 “she was”，“she” 与 “listen” 为主动关系，用现在分词。 翻译：她给了我一个安慰的微笑，一边耐心倾听一边点头。 19. blamed 解析：though 引导的让步状语从句省略 “she was”，“she” 与 “blame” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：尽管被经理责备，她仍继续工作。 20. studying 解析：when 引导的时间状语从句省略 “you are”，“you” 与 “study” 为主动关系，用现在分词。 翻译：顾问谈到在海外留学时应保持合理期望。 21. called 解析：until 引导的时间状语从句省略 “it is”，“letter” 与 “call for” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：这封信将留在这里直到被领取。 22. taken 解析：if 引导的条件状语从句省略 “it is”，“medicine” 与 “take” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：这药如果按时服用会很有效。 23. left 解析：if 引导的条件状语从句省略 “it is”，“plant” 与 “leave” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：如果不加以控制，这种植物会堵塞池塘和水道。 24. lacking 解析：though 引导的让步状语从句省略 “his family was”，“his family” 与 “lack” 为主动关系，用现在分词。 翻译：尽管缺钱，他的家人仍过着愉快的生活。 25. surprised 解析：though 引导的让步状语从句省略 “the professor was”，用形容词化的过去分词 “surprised” 作表语。 翻译：尽管教授见到我们很惊讶，但还是热情地欢迎了我们。 26. chased 解析：when 引导的时间状语从句省略 “a rabbit is”，“rabbit” 与 “chase” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：当被敌人追赶时，兔子能以每小时 18 英里的速度奔跑。 27. absorbed 解析：when 引导的时间状语从句省略 “he was”，“he” 与 “absorb” 为被动关系（be absorbed in），用过去分词。 翻译：当沉浸在自己的音乐世界中时，他感觉仿佛能 “看见” 周围世界的美丽，就像他前世曾经历过一样。 28. consulting 解析：when 引导的时间状语从句省略 “you are”，“you” 与 “consult” 为主动关系，用现在分词。 翻译：当就重要决定咨询他人时，你最好记住两件事。 29. faced 解析：when 引导的时间状语从句省略 “people are”，固定搭配 “be faced with” 表示 “面对”，用过去分词。 翻译：面对疫情时，人们可能会变得更宽容。 30. questioned 解析：when 引导的时间状语从句省略 “she was”，“she” 与 “question” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：当被问及时，她说自己尚未设定目标。 31. exposed 解析：when 引导的时间状语从句省略 “potatoes are”，“potatoes” 与 “expose” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：土豆暴露在光线下会变绿。 32. buried 解析：when 引导的时间状语从句省略 “he is”，“he” 与 “bury” 为被动关系（be buried in），用过去分词。 翻译：当他深度投入工作时，总会忘记吃饭睡觉。 33. introduced 解析：when 引导的时间状语从句省略 “these products were”，“products” 与 “introduce” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：这些产品首次推向市场时大获成功。 34. painted 解析：as if 引导的方式状语从句省略 “they were”，“walls” 与 “paint” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：当庞贝古城从废墟中被挖掘出来时，它的墙壁崭新如初，仿佛昨天刚粉刷过。 35. interviewed 解析：when 引导的时间状语从句省略 “the scientist was”，“scientist” 与 “interview” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：被采访时，这位科学家盯着天花板思考了一会儿。 36. visiting 解析：when 引导的时间状语从句省略 “you are”，“you” 与 “visit” 为主动关系，用现在分词。 翻译：当你参观这座城市时，会发现有太多惊喜等待你去发现。 37. driving 解析：while 引导的时间状语从句省略 “one is”，“one” 与 “drive” 为主动关系，用现在分词。 翻译：驾驶时，应注意交通标志并遵守交通规则。 38. working 解析：while 引导的时间状语从句省略 “they were”，“they” 与 “work” 为主动关系，用现在分词。 翻译：他们一边工作一边听歌曲。 39. competing 解析：while 引导的时间状语从句省略 “he was”，“he” 与 “compete” 为主动关系，用现在分词。 翻译：与她比赛时，他伤了腿。 40. spoken 解析：until 引导的时间状语从句省略 “you are”，“you” 与 “speak to” 为被动关系，用过去分词。 翻译：你最好保持沉默，直到有人跟你说话。 核心考点总结 状语从句省略规则： 1. 从句主语与主句主语一致，且含 be 动词时，可省略主语和 be 动词，保留分词（主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词）。 2. 例：When (he was) asked, he kept silent.（被动）；While (she was) reading, she fell asleep.（主动）。 固定搭配与特殊结构： 1. “have nothing to do but do”（but 后接动词原形）； 1. “be faced with”“be absorbed in” 等固定短语的省略形式直接用过去分词。 形容词化的过去分词： 1. 如 surprised, excited, interested 等，在省略结构中作表语，强调主语的状态。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$