内容正文:
小升初英语一般将来时复习及专项练习
1、 一般将来时的定义
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也可以表示将来经常发生的动作。
二、一般将来时的构成方式
(一)be going to + 动词原形
1.用法:表示打算、计划或准备做某事 。例如:I am going to visit my grandparents this weekend.(我打算这个周末去看望我的祖父母。)
2.根据现有迹象推测即将发生某事。例如:Look at the black clouds. It is going to rain.(看那些乌云,要下雨了。)
3.be 动词的变化:当主语是 I 时,be 用 am;当主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it 等)时,be 用 is;当主语是其他人称(you/we/they 等)时,be 用 are 。
(二)will/shall + 动词原形
1.用法:
(1)表示单纯的将来事实,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,没有太多事先的计划。例如:He will go to Beijing next week.(他下周将去北京。)
(2)表示意愿、决心等。例如:I will help you with your English.(我愿意帮你学英语。)
2.shall 的使用:在书面语中,当主语是第一人称(I/we)时,可用 shall,但在现代英语尤其是口语中,will 使用更为普遍 。例如:I shall/will write a letter to my friend.(我将给我的朋友写封信。)
(三)其他表将来的结构
1.be to + 动词原形:
(1)表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作 。例如:The meeting is to take place next Monday.(会议将于下周一举行。)
(2)表示命令、禁止或可能性等 。例如:You are not to leave the classroom without permission.(未经允许,你不准离开教室。)
2.be about to + 动词原形:表示即将发生的动作,通常不与具体的时间状语连用 。例如:Hurry up! The bus is about to leave.(快点!公交车马上要开了。)
3.用现在进行时表将来:表示位置转移的动词,如 go, come, leave, start, arrive 等,可用现在进行时表示将来 。例如:They are leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.(他们明天将前往上海。)
三、一般将来时的句式结构
(一)be going to 结构
1.肯定句:主语 + be (am/is/are) going to + 动词原形 + 其他 。
例:My sister is going to learn dancing next month.(我妹妹下个月打算学跳舞。)
2.否定句:主语 + be (am/is/are) not going to + 动词原形 + 其他 。
例:I am not going to play basketball this afternoon.(我今天下午不打算打篮球。)
3.一般疑问句:Be (Am/Is/Are) + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他 ?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + am/is/are.
否定回答:No, 主语 + am not/isn't/aren't.
例:— Are you going to have a party tonight?(你今晚打算举办派对吗?)
— Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. (是的,我打算。/ 不,我不打算。)
4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + be (am/is/are) + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他 ?
例:What are you going to do tomorrow?(你明天打算做什么?)
(二)will/shall 结构
1.肯定句:主语 + will/shall + 动词原形 + 其他 。
例:We will/shall have a picnic in the park this Sunday.(我们这个周日将在公园野餐。)
2.否定句:主语 + will/shall not + 动词原形 + 其他 。will not 可缩写为 won't,shall not 可缩写为 shan't 。
例:He won't go to school tomorrow.(他明天不去上学。)
3.一般疑问句:Will/Shall + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 ?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + will/shall.
否定回答:No, 主语 + won't/shan't.
例:— Will you go shopping with me?(你愿意和我一起去购物吗?)
— Yes, I will. / No, I won't. (是的,我愿意。/ 不,我不愿意。)
4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + will/shall + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 ?
例:When will they come back?(他们什么时候回来?)
四、一般将来时的时间状语
1.tomorrow 系列:tomorrow(明天),tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening(明天早上 / 下午 / 晚上) 。
例:She will clean her room tomorrow.(她明天将打扫她的房间。)
2.next 系列:next week/month/year(下周 / 下个月 / 明年),next Sunday(下周日) 。
例:We are going to have a test next month.(我们下个月将有一场考试。)
3.in + 时间段:in a few days(几天后),in two weeks(两周后),in the future(在未来) 。
例:He will be a doctor in five years.(五年后他将成为一名医生。)
4.其他:soon(很快),the day after tomorrow(后天) 。
例:They will come back soon.(他们很快就会回来。)
专项练习
(一)用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.I __________ (visit) my uncle next week.
2.They __________ (be) going to play football this afternoon.
3.She __________ (not go) to school tomorrow because she is ill.
4.__________ you __________ (help) me with my homework this evening?
5.The students __________ (have) a sports meeting next month.
(二)单项选择
1.There __________ a basketball game in our school tomorrow.
A. is going to have B. will have C. is going to be D. are going to be
2.— What are you going to do this weekend?
— I __________ yet.
A. haven't decided B. won't decide C. don't decide D. didn't decide
3.He __________ very busy this week, and he __________ free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be
4.If it __________ tomorrow, we __________ a picnic.
A. rains; won't have B. will rain; won't have C. rains; don't have D. will rain; don't have
5.— __________ you __________ free tomorrow?
— No. I __________ free the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
(三)按要求完成句子
1.They are going to have a party tonight.(改为否定句)
2.I will go to the park with my parents this weekend.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
3.He is going to buy a new bike next week.(对划线部分提问)
4. The meeting will start at 9:00 tomorrow morning.(对划线部分提问)
5.She will visit her grandparents in the countryside.(改为否定句)
(四)补全句子
1.下周我们学校将有一场运动会。
There __________ __________ a sports meeting in our school next week.
2.明天你打算做什么?
What __________ you __________ __________ do tomorrow?
3.他今晚不会看电视。
He __________ __________ TV tonight.
4.他们打算什么时候去北京?
When __________ they __________ __________ go to Beijing?
5.我相信他会成功的。
I believe he __________ __________ successful.
六、答案
(一)用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.will visit/am going to visit
2.are
3.won't go/is not going to go
4.Will; help/Are; going to help
5.will have/are going to have
(二)单项选择
1.C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. D
(三)按要求完成句子
1.They aren't going to have a party tonight.
2.— Will you go to the park with your parents this weekend?
— Yes, I will.
3.What is he going to do next week?
4.When will the meeting start tomorrow morning?
5.She won't visit her grandparents in the countryside.
(四)补全句子
1.will be
2.are; going to
3.won't watch
4.are; going to
5.will be
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