精品解析：郑州外国语学校2025届高三英语调研考试试卷(五)

郑州外国语学校2025届高三调研考试试卷（五） 英语 （120分钟 150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the next underground arrive? A. At 1:55. B. At 2:00. C. At 2:05. 2. What does the man like about the play? A. The story. B. The ending. C. The actor. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a plane. B. On a train. C. On a ship. 4. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Coach and player. B. Boss and employee. C. Customer and seller. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Surfing on the Internet. B. Sending a document via email. C. Writing an article. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What food does the woman order? A. Pork noodles. B. Roasted beef steak. C. Fish salad. 7. How does the woman order her food? A. By making a phone call. B. By showing up in the restaurant. C. By using the Internet. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How did the woman’s son get injured? A. He had a car accident. B. He got hurt in a match. C. He got involved in a robbery. 9. What will the man do in the next few hours? A. Do some tests. B. Get some rest. C. Take some medicine. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What’s the destination for the speakers? A. Greenwood Park. B. Sweetwater Mountains. C. Nightstar Valley. 11. What’s the purpose of the activity? A. For environmental protection. B. For a business reason. C. For physical exercise. 12. What probably will the man wear for the hiking? A. White T-shirt and grey pants. B. White T-shirt and brown pants. C. Grey T-shirt and grey pants. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where does the woman want to go? A. Oxford. B. Newcastle. C. London. 14. When will the woman begin her tour? A. On July 30th. B. On August 6th. C. On August 12th. 15. How much money should the woman pay for the trip in total? A. £700. B. £2,800. C. £3,300. 16. What does the man remind the woman to do at last? A. Pay the money in advance. B. Get more information on the website. C. Call to confirm before departure. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Which road will stay closed for over an hour? A. M16. B. M30. C. M43. 18. Why is North Street closed to all cars? A. The snow hasn’t been cleared. B. There’s an accident. C. It is under repair. 19. How can passengers get the latest information about trains? A. By visiting a website. B. By sticking to the radio. C. By making a call. 20. What is the weather going to be like in the evening? A. Snowy. B. Windy. C. Cloudy. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Why Subscribe to Reader’s Digest? The world’s best-loved general-interest publication contains something for everyone. Reader’s Digest magazine is bursting with stories, articles, advice, recipes, reviews, tips, jokes and anecdotes. Each issue is small enough to fit in your handbag or pocket, but big enough to keep you entertained for weeks on end. From regular columns packed with information to gripping (扣人心弦的) human-interest stories and helpful how-tos, our magazine offers knowledge, positivity and humour. In this month’s issue you’ll find. . . An interview with Hugh Dancy The newest addition to the cast of Downton Abbey on New York, Law& Order, and the nostalgia (怀旧) of playing an English gentleman. Saving the sound of the Stradivaius Meet the experts fighting to save the unbeatable sound of history’s greatest violins, meeting the love of her life. Community Power Across the UK, communities are coming together to save their pubs, shops, and more. If Grace Dent ruled the world The restaurant critic shares her manifesto (宣言) for world domination. SUBSCRIBE TODAY FROM AS LITTLE AS £ 22. 99 Our best price yet — It’s only £ 22. 99 for a full one-year subscription — A Saving of over 50% OFF the usual £ 47. 88 retail price — and what’s more, we will deliver it direct to your door for free! If you don’t want to commit to a full year, we have the perfect taster package. TRIAL NOW with 3 Issues for ONLY £ 3! Plus, make sure you always keep up to date with all of the top stories, news and promotions from Reader’s Digest by subscribing to our weekly newsletter. 1. If readers want to know about an actor, which one should they read? A. If Grace Dent ruled the world. B. Community Power. C. Saving the sound of the Stradivaius. D. An interview with Hugh Dancy. 2. How much will you save if you take out a full one-year subscription today? A. £ 3. B. £ 22. 99. C. £ 24. 89. D. £ 47. 88. 3. What kind of writing is the passage? A. An introduction. B. A part of a fiction. C. A research report. D. An advertisement. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章是关于《读者文摘》杂志的介绍和订阅推广。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一个小标题 An interview with Hugh Dancy 中“The newest addition to the cast of Downton Abbey on New York, Law& Order, and the nostalgia (怀旧) of playing an English gentleman. (《唐顿庄园》《法律与秩序》的新成员，以及对扮演英国绅士的怀念。)”可知，想了解一个演员，需要看 An interview with Hugh Dancy。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Our best price yet — It’s only £ 22. 99 for a full one- year subscription — A Saving of over 50% OFF the usual £ 47. 88 retail price(我们最优惠的价格——全年订阅只需22. 99英镑——比通常的47. 88英镑零售价节省50%以上)”可知，如果你今天就全额订购一年，你可以节省 47. 88-22. 99=£ 24. 89。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Why Subscribe to Reader’s Digest?(为什么订阅《读者文摘》?)”及全文可知，文章先简单介绍了读者文摘，以及列举了其中一期的内容，最后两部分重点介绍了订阅费用，所以是通过介绍《读者文摘》使读者订阅的广告。故选D。 B Napoleon, as a character in Tolstoy’s War and Peace, is more than once described as having “fat little hands” Nor does he “sit well or firmly on the horse”. He is said to be “undersized” with “short legs” and a “round stomach”. The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy’s description-it seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts: other things that could be said of the man are not said. We are meant to understand the difference of a warring commander in the body of a fat little Frenchman. Tolstoy’s Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his nose — and that is the point. It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character. And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man. In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace, the wars having reached the critical year of 1812, Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar (沙皇), who has come with peace terms. Napoleon is very angry: doesn’t he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if the Tsar’s army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!” he shouts. And then, Tolstoy writes, Napoleon “walked silently several times up and down the room, his fat shoulders moving quickly”. Still later, after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds, Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner. “He raised his hand to the Russian’s... face,” Tolstoy writes, and “taking him by the ear pulled it gently...”. To have one’s ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court. “Well, well, why don’t you say anything?” said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect anyone but himself, Napoleon. Tolstoy did his research, but the composition is his own. 4. Tolstoy’s description of Napoleon in War and Peace is ________. A. far from the historical facts B. based on the Russian history C. based on his selection of facts D. not related to historical details 5. Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because ________. A. the Tsar’s peace terms were hard to accept B. he didn’t have any more army to fight with C. the Russians stopped his military movement D. he thought he should be the one to make the peace terms 6. What did Napoleon expect the Russian representative to do? A. To walk out of the room in anger. B. To show agreement with him. C. To say something about the Tsar. D. To express his admiration. 7. Tolstoy intended to present Napoleon as a man who is ________. A. crazy for power and respect B. fond of showing off his iron will C. determined in destroying all of Europe D. ill-mannered in dealing with foreign guests 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析托尔斯泰在《战争与和平》中对拿破仑形象塑造及其背后的创作意图。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy’s description — it seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts: other things that could be said of the man are not said.(问题不在于托尔斯泰描述的准确性——这似乎与历史记载相差不远——而在于他对事实的选择：关于这个人的其他事情没有被提及。)”可知，托尔斯泰在《战争与和平》中对拿破仑的描述基于他对事实的挑选。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Napoleon is very angry: doesn’t he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if the Tsar’s army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!” he shouts. (拿破仑非常生气：他不是还有更多的军队吗？制定条款的应该是他，而不是沙皇。如果沙皇的军队被阻止，他将摧毁整个欧洲。“这就是你让我参战的结果！”他喊道。)”可知，拿破仑在接待俄罗斯代表时生气，是因为他认为应该由自己来制定和平条款。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“To have one’s ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court. “Well, well, why don’t you say anything?” said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect anyone but himself, Napoleon. (在法国宫廷，被皇帝拉耳朵被认为是最大的荣誉和宠爱的标志。“好了，好了，你为什么什么也不说？”他说，好像在他面前除了尊重他拿破仑之外，尊重任何人都是荒谬的。)”可知，拿破仑期望俄罗斯代表表达对他的崇拜。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Napoleon is very angry: doesn’t he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if the Tsar’s army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!” he shouts. (拿破仑勃然大怒：难道他没有更多军队了吗？应该由他而非沙皇来制定条款。他扬言如果沙皇的军队受阻，他将摧毁整个欧洲。“这就是你们让我卷入战争的后果！”他怒吼道。)”可知，拿破仑认为应该有他而非沙皇来制定条款，结合第三段中““Well, well, why don’t you say anything?” said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect anyone but himself, Napoleon.(“喂，喂，你怎么一句话也不说？”他说道，仿佛在他拿破仑面前，尊重除了他自己之外的任何人都是荒谬可笑的。)”可知，拿破仑认为在他面前不尊重他是荒谬的，由此可知，托尔斯泰打算把拿破仑塑造成一个对权力和尊重痴迷的人。故选A项。 C Commuting to and from work can be a nightmare. Cars advance slowly in stop and go traffic, crawling from one traffic jam at stoplights to the next. At peak rush hour especially, there is no chance of sailing through a series of green lights. Now, thanks to artificial intelligence, German researchers have found a way to reduce time spent at the crossroads. Called the KI4LSA project and funded by the Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, the innovation is being tested. Scientists first studied algorithms taken from a busy intersection to learn about traffic patterns and where improvements were most needed. Then, the technology, using high-resolution cameras and radar sensors, more precisely captured the actual traffic situation and detected the average speed of the cars and their waiting times. Finally, the AI uses deep enhanced learning algorithms to calculate the best switching behaviour for the traffic lights and determine the best phase sequence to shorten waiting times at the crossroads. The results are encouraging when it is being tried out at a busy intersection in Lemgo, Germany. The intelligent lights are said to improve traffic flow by 10 to 15 percent, which results in money saved; the EU estimates that traffic jams create economic damage that adds up to 100 billion euros a year. Aside from reducing commuting time, these traffic lights will reduce noise and CO2 emissions from cars waiting at the crossroads. Another exciting development in this research is the K14PED project, which studies pedestrians crossing the crossroads. Using AI as well as a 3D points cloud, researchers can identify how many people are waiting at a pedestrian crossing and whether some of the disabled or elder people will need extra time to cross the street. Such a needs-based system could reduce pedestrian waiting time by 30 percent, which could then decrease jaywalking (乱穿马路) by 25 percent. Researchers are optimistic that it will be adopted by many countries after the tests in the German towns of Lemgo and Bielefeld. This technology is exciting news for pedestrians and drivers alike. It encourages safety, protects the environment, and may even give you more time to enjoy your morning coffee before heading off to work! 8. Why is AI used in the KI4LSA project? A. To study traffic algorithms to control CO2 emissions. B. To detect road conditions to reduce jam or speeding. C. To remind people to pass in sequence for a shorter wait. D. To adjust traffic signals to ensure efficiency at the crossroads. 9. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. The intelligent lights serve the mere purpose of reducing commuting time. B. The better traffic flow is improved, the less economic damage is caused. C. The more cars are waiting at the crossroads, the more noise is reduced. D The effect of traffic jams is heavier on environment than on economy. 10. What is the function of K14PED project? A. It monitors traffic conditions at intersections. B. It helps to estimate the number of jaywalkers. C. It ensures flexible crossing time for pedestrians. D. It improves the speed of vehicles on busy roads. 11. What is the main idea of this passage? A. The intelligent lights offer a blessing to transportation. B. The AI technology is bound to be a promising industry. C. Attentive traffic service lends a helping hand to seniors. D. Digital traffic systems mark the beginning of smart cities. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国研究人员通过人工智能技术，对交通信号灯进行改进，以提高交通流量和减少等待时间。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Now, thanks to artificial intelligence, German researchers have found a way to reduce time spent at the crossroads.(现在，多亏了人工智能，德国研究人员找到了一种减少在十字路口花费时间的方法。)”以及第二段“Called the KI4LSA project and funded by the Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, the innovation is being tested. Scientists first studied algorithms taken from a busy intersection to learn about traffic patterns and where improvements were most needed. Then, the technology, using high-resolution cameras and radar sensors, more precisely captured the actual traffic situation and detected the average speed of the cars and their waiting times. Finally, the AI uses deep enhanced learning algorithms to calculate the best switching behaviour for the traffic lights and determine the best phase sequence to shorten waiting times at the crossroads.(这一创新被称为KI4LSA项目，由交通和数字基础设施部资助，目前正在进行测试。科学家们首先研究了从一个繁忙的十字路口提取的算法，以了解交通模式以及最需要改进的地方。然后，该技术使用高分辨率摄像头和雷达传感器，更精确地捕捉到实际交通状况，并检测到汽车的平均速度和等待时间。最后，人工智能使用深度增强学习算法来计算交通灯的最佳切换行为，并确定最佳相位序列，以缩短十字路口的等待时间。)”可推断，德国研究人员在KI4LSA项目中使用AI是为了使用深度增强学习算法来计算交通灯的最佳切换行为，并确定最佳相位序列，以缩短十字路口的等待时间，从而确保十字路口的交通效率。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The results are encouraging when it is being tried out at a busy intersection in Lemgo, Germany. The intelligent lights are said to improve traffic flow by 10 to 15 percent, which results in money saved; the EU estimates that traffic jams create economic damage that adds up to 100 billion euros a year.(当它在德国莱姆戈一个繁忙的十字路口试用时，结果令人鼓舞。据说，智能交通灯可以使交通流量改善10%到15%，从而节省资金；欧盟估计，交通堵塞每年造成的经济损失总计达1000亿欧元。)”可知，交通流量改善得越好，造成的经济损失越少。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Another exciting development in this research is the K14PED project, which studies pedestrians crossing the crossroads. Using AI as well as a 3D points cloud, researchers can identify how many people are waiting at a pedestrian crossing and whether some of the disabled or elder people will need extra time to cross the street. Such a needs-based system could reduce pedestrian waiting time by 30 percent, which could then decrease jaywalking(乱穿马路)by 25 percent.(这项研究的另一个令人兴奋的进展是K14PED项目，该项目研究过十字路口的行人。利用人工智能和3D点云，研究人员可以确定有多少人在人行横道上等待，以及是否有一些残疾人或老年人需要额外的时间过马路。这种基于需求的系统可以将行人等待时间减少30%，从而减少25%的乱穿马路现象。)”可知，K14PED项目可以将行人等待时间减少30%，从而减少25%的乱穿马路现象。由此可知，该项目可以调整行人等待的时间，从而保证行人通过的效率。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Commuting to and from work can be a nightmare. Cars advance slowly in stop and go traffic, crawling from one traffic jam at stoplights to the next. At peak rush hour especially, there is no chance of sailing through a series of green lights. Now, thanks to artificial intelligence, German researchers have found a way to reduce time spent at the crossroads.(上下班通勤可能是一场噩梦。汽车在走走停停的交通中缓慢前进，从一个交通堵塞的红绿灯爬到下一个。特别是在高峰时间，没有机会通过一连串的绿灯。现在，多亏了人工智能，德国研究人员找到了一种减少在十字路口花费时间的方法。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了德国研究人员通过人工智能技术，对交通信号灯进行改进，以提高交通流量和减少等待时间，也就是智能交通灯给交通带来了福音。故选A。 D A few years ago, the City Council of Monza, Italy, barred pet owners from keeping goldfish in curved fishbowls. The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in such a bowl because the curved sides give the fish a distorted view of reality. Aside from the measure’s significance to the poor goldfish, the story raises an interesting philosophical question: How do we know that the reality we perceive is true? Physicists are finding themselves in a similar trouble to the goldfish’s. For decades they have been pursuing an ultimate theory of everything—one complete and consistent set of fundamental laws of nature that explain every aspect of reality. It now appears that this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected theories, each describing its own version of reality, as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl. This concept may be difficult for many people to accept. Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that our senses and our science directly convey (传达) information about the material world. In philosophy, that belief is called realism. In physics, realism is becoming difficult to defend. Instead, the idea of alternative realities is a mainstay of today’s popular culture. For example, in the science-fiction film The Matrix the human race is unknowingly living in a simulated (模拟的) virtual reality created by intelligent computers. How do we know we are not just computer-generated characters living in a Matrix-like world? If—like us—the beings in the simulated world could not observe their universe from the outside, they would have no reason to doubt their own pictures of reality. Similarly, the goldfish’s view is not the same as ours from outside their curved bowl. For instance, because light bends as it travels from air to water, a freely moving object that we would observe to move in a straight line would be observed by the goldfish to move along a curved path. The goldfish could form scientific laws from their frame (框架) of reference that would always hold true and that would enable them to make predictions about the future motion of objects outside the bowl. If the goldfish formed such a theory, we would have to admit the goldfish’s view as a reasonable picture of reality. The goldfish example shows that the same physical situation can be modeled in different ways each employing different fundamental elements and concepts. It might be that to describe the universe we have to employ different theories in different situations. It is not the physicist’s traditional expectation for a theory of nature, nor does it correspond to our everyday idea of reality. But it might be the way of the universe. 12. What does the underlined word “distorted” in Paragraph most probably mean? A. Original. B. Accurate. C. Distant. D. False. 13. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A. The need for a complete theory. B. The lasting conflict in physics. C. The existence of the material world. D. The conventional insight of reality. 14. What can we learn from the passage? A. Nature’s mysteries are best left undiscovered. B. An external world is independent of the observers. C. People’s theories are influenced by their viewpoints. D. It is essential to figure out which picture of reality is better. 15. According to the passage, the author may agree that ________. A. various interpretations of the universe are welcomed B. physicists have a favorite candidate for the final theory C. multiple realities can be pieced together to show the real world D. there is still possibility to unify different theories into a single one 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇议论文。文章以鱼缸里的金鱼为例，讨论了现实主义以及人们应该如何描述宇宙。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in such a bowl because the curved sides give the fish a distorted view of reality.”（这项措施的发起人解释说，把鱼养在这样的鱼缸里是残忍的，因为弯曲的侧面会让鱼对现实有一种distorted看法。）中的“cruel”和“curved”可以推断，发起人认为弯曲的侧面会让鱼对现实产生错误的观点，因而把鱼养在这样的鱼缸里是残忍的，所以“distorted”意为：错误的，即“false”。故选D。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that our senses and our science directly convey (传达) information about the material world. In philosophy, that belief is called realism.”（大多数人相信客观现实存在，我们的感官和科学直接传达了物质世界的信息，在哲学中，这种信念被称为现实主义。）可知，本段主要讲述了人们对现实的传统见解。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“It now appears that this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected theories, each describing its own version of reality, as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl. ”（现在看来，这种追求可能产生的不是单一的理论，而是一系列相互关联的理论，每个理论都描述了自己的现实版本，就像从自己的鱼缸里看宇宙一样。）和第三段“If—like us—the beings in the simulated world could not observe their universe from the outside, they would have no reason to doubt their own pictures of reality.”（如果模拟世界中的生物像我们一样不能从外部观察它们的宇宙，它们就没有理由怀疑自己对现实的想象。）可知，人们视角和观点不同，会有着不同的理论。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It might be that to describe the universe we have to employ different theories in different situations.”（也许为了描述宇宙，我们必须在不同的情况下运用不同的理论。）和“But it might be the way of the universe.”（但这可能就是宇宙的规律。）可知，作者认为人们可以用多种理论描述宇宙，可得出作者也许会许赞同“欢迎对宇宙的不同解释”这个观点。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When I was a kid, I took traveling with my parents for granted. Sure, they paid for everything. But they were basically no different from teachers taking us to a field trip. ____16____. For example, they took us to Denali National Park instead of Disney World. And we sometimes stayed at hotels without pools. And they never let us buy anything from the SkyMall catalog (目录). Of course, some 20 years later, I consider traveling with my parents, now both in their 60s, to be the utmost privilege. ____17____. Neither am I, and every day that passes brings us closer to our last. Fortunately, since graduating college, I’ve been able to cover some serious ground with each of them. Together my dad and I have looked for the Loch Ness monster in Scotland, photographed wildlife in Grand Teton National Park, and most recently, survived the famously dangerous Drake Passage. Meanwhile, my mom and I have stayed at a $9/night treehouse hostel in Mexico, eaten at a Michelin-starred vegetarian restaurant in Vienna, and most recently, road-tripped through three states. ____18____. After all, even if you’re the apple that fell right under the tree, traveling with the people who raised you isn’t always easy. “____19____,” says Alexis Sherry, a New Jersey-based travel agent. Still, Sherry is seeing an increasing number of clients requesting vacations for more than one generation. They can be difficult to plan, but so far she says she’s had no “disasters,” and often, her clients come back closer than ever. “Our parents are our earliest attachment bonds,” says Katie d’ Autremont, a licensed professional adviser based in Bozeman, Montana. “It can be healing and fun to rekindle that bond in our adult years and as our adult selves.” She sees traveling together as the perfect opportunity for getting to know each other for who we are now, with “now” being the key word. ____20____. A. Those memories are golden B. I know they’re no longer unbeatable C. After all, as humans, we’re always evolving D. That’s not to say that all of our trips have been without flaws E. To my brothers and me, they seemed to be bent on limiting our fun F. Planning a vacation can be considerably tricky when it involves demanding parents G. There are always challenges as we are dealing with different physical abilities and interests 【答案】16. E 17. B 18. D 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是记叙文。作者回忆了和父亲一起在苏格兰寻找尼斯湖水怪，拍摄野生动物，还一起渡过了危险的德雷克海峡；他和母亲一起住在墨西哥的树屋旅馆，品尝维也纳的米其林星级素食餐厅，还一起穿越了三个州。作者认为，即使有时候和父母一起旅行并不容易，但这是一种重新建立联系的好机会。 【16题详解】 根据上文“When I was a kid, I took traveling with my parents for granted.（当我还是个孩子时候，我认为和父母一起旅行是理所当然的。）”以及下文“For example, they took us to Denali National Park instead of Disney World. And we sometimes stayed at hotels without pools. And they never let us buy anything from the SkyMall catalog(目录).（例如，他们带我们去德纳利国家公园而不是迪士尼世界。我们有时住在没有游泳池的酒店。他们从不允许我们从《空中商城目录》上买任何东西。）”可知，父母的一些行为在作者小时候看来是限制了自己的乐趣，与 E 项“To my brothers and me, they seemed to be bent on limiting our fun（对我和我的兄弟们来说，他们似乎一心想要限制我们的乐趣）”表达的意思一致，故选E项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Of course, some 20 years later, I consider traveling with my parents, now both in their 60s,to be the utmost privilege.（当然，大约 20 年后，我认为和现在都 60 多岁的父母一起旅行是最大的荣幸。）”以及下文“Neither am I, and every day that passes brings us closer to our last.（我也不是，每过一天，我们就离最后一天更近一步。）”可知，作者意识到父母不再是不可战胜的，与 B 项“I know they’re no longer unbeatable（我知道他们不再是不可战胜的）”表达的意思一致，故选B项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“After all, even if you’re the apple that fell right under the tree, traveling with the people who raised you isn’t always easy.（毕竟，即使你是正好掉在树下的苹果，和养育你的人一起旅行并不总是容易的。）”可知，作者是想说和父母旅行并不都是完美的，与D项“That’s not to say that all of our trips have been without flaws（这并不是说我们所有的旅行都没有缺陷）”表达的意思一致，故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据空前一句提到的“traveling with the people who raised you isn't always easy（和养育你的人一起旅行并不总是容易的）”，以及下文提到的“Her clients come back closer than ever（她的客户回来后比以往任何时候都要亲密）”，可知，旅行中虽然有挑战，但也有可能增进关系，G选项“There are always challenges as we are dealing with different physical abilities and interests（我们在应对不同的身体能力和兴趣时总会遇到挑战）”符合语境，既说明了旅行中的挑战，又与后文的积极结果形成对比，故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“She sees traveling together as the perfect opportunity for getting to know each other for who we are now, with “now” being the key word.（她认为一起旅行是一个完美的机会，让我们了解彼此现在的样子，“现在”是关键词。）”可知，因为现在是关键，所以作为人类，我们总是在不断发展变化的，与C项“After all, as humans, we’re always evolving（毕竟，作为人类，我们总是在不断进化）”表达的意思一致，故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I often helped at Grandma’s restaurant on weekends. This Saturday morning, when I was in the alley behind the restaurant, I noticed something ____21____. Our dustbins had been knocked over! How could those have fallen? I wondered as I quickly cleaned up the mess, and then headed into the restaurant to help with the ___22___ rush. Early the next morning, when I sat up and looked out of my window, I spotted the dustbins — ____23____ over yet again! Soon, it started to rain. That was when I noticed two yellow eyes staring back at me. ____24____ from the dustbin was a little gray cat. I jumped out of bed and ____25____ down to the alley. “So you’re the one that knocked over the dustbin!” I said, finally ____26____. I watched as the kitty ____27____ at a container, trying to get the ____28____ shrimp dumplings inside. With the rain ____29____, the poor kitty was too scared to come out of his new hiding spot. Luckily, I had an idea. I approached the cat with a shrimp dumpling and the cat cheered up. Then, I ____30____ made my way to the garage, where I had placed a blanket on the floor. ____31____, attracted by the scent of food, the kitty followed me inside, ____32____ to be out of the rain. It wasn’t long before Grandma appeared in the doorway, a bit surprised. “Grandma, meet my new friend. He loves the smell of your ____33____,” I said. Grandma chuckled. “Well, it looks like I’ll need to ____34____ our menu to include some cat-friendly dim-sum options.” “If you do, I think we know who will be first waiting in line every morning!” I said. The cat affectionately rubbed against my leg, as if agreeing with the ____35____. 21. A. fascinating B. strange C. amusing D. scary 22. A. breakfast B. traffic C. shopping D. weekday 23. A. tipped B. rolled C. leant D. ran 24. A. Escaping B. Hiding C. Recovering D. Emerging 25. A. wandered B. raced C. jogged D. marched 26. A. admitting B. understanding C. reflecting D. wondering 27. A. grabbed B. glanced C. sneezed D. pointed 28. A. well-done B. eye-catching C. half-eaten D. under-cooked 29. A. showing up B. letting up C. easing up D. picking up 30. A. suddenly B. eagerly C. gradually D. slowly 31. A. Sure enough B. Strange to say C. Worse still D. Out of the blue 32. A. hesitant B. unwilling C. happy D. proud 33. A. dustbin B. blanket C. garage D. cooking 34. A. search B. expand C. check D. limit 35. A. suggestion B. request C. idea D. invitation 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是作者发现并救助了一只小猫的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个星期六早上，当我在餐馆后面的巷子里时，我注意到一些奇怪的事情。A. fascinating迷人的；B. strange奇怪的；C. amusing逗人发笑的；D. scary可怕的。根据下文“Our dustbins had been knocked over(我们的垃圾桶被撞倒了)”可知，作者注意到一些奇怪的事情。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一边想，一边迅速收拾残局，然后去餐厅帮忙准备早餐。A. breakfast早餐；B. traffic交通；C. shopping购物；D. weekday工作日。根据上文“This Saturday morning(这个星期六早上)”可知，作者应该是要赶着做早饭。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天一大早，当我坐起来向窗外望去时，我看到了垃圾箱——又翻了！A. tipped（使）倾斜；B. rolled滚动；C. leant倚靠；D. ran跑。根据上一段“Our dustbins had been knocked over(我们的垃圾桶被撞倒了)”和下文“over yet again”可知，垃圾箱是被人翻倒了，空格处用tipped。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从垃圾箱里出来一只灰色的小猫。A. Escaping逃跑；B. Hiding躲藏；C. Recovering恢复；D. Emerging出现。根据下文“from the dustbin was a little gray cat”可知，一只猫出现了。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跳下床，跑到巷子里。A. wandered徘徊；B. raced快速移动；C. jogged慢跑；D. marched行军。根据下文“down to the alley”可知，作者是快速跑到巷子里，race表示“快速移动”。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我终于明白了。A. admitting承认；B. understanding明白；C. reflecting反思；D. wondering想知道。根据上文“So you’re the one that knocked over the dustbin”可知，作者终于明白是谁把垃圾箱翻倒了。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着小猫抓着一个容器，想把吃了一半的虾饺塞进去。A. grabbed抓住；B. glanced一瞥；C. sneezed打喷嚏；D. pointed指。根据下文“at a container”可知，猫抓着容器。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看着小猫抓着一个容器，想把吃了一半的虾饺塞进去。A. well-done完全煮熟的；B. eye-catching引人注目的；C. half-eaten吃了一半的；D. under-cooked煮得欠熟的。根据下文“shrimp dumplings inside”可知，猫想把吃了一半的虾饺塞进去。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：雨下得越来越大，可怜的小猫吓得不敢从它的新藏身处出来。A. showing up出现；B. letting up减弱；C. easing up减轻；D. picking up增加。根据下文“the poor kitty was too scared to come out of his new hiding spot”可知，雨越下越大，所以猫吓得不敢出来。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，我慢慢地向车库走去，我在那里的地板上放了一条毯子。A. suddenly突然；B. eagerly急切地；C. gradually逐渐；D. slowly慢慢地。根据上文“Luckily, I had an idea. I approached the cat with a shrimp dumpling and the cat cheered up.(幸运的是，我有个主意。我拿着虾饺走近猫，猫高兴起来了)”下文“made my way to the garage”可知，作者慢慢地向车库走去，引诱小猫。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：果然，小猫被食物的香味吸引了，跟着我走了进去，很高兴不用再淋雨了。A. Sure enough果然，不出所料；B. Strange to say说来奇怪；C. Worse still更糟糕的是；D. Out of the blue意外地。根据下文“attracted by the scent of food, the kitty followed me inside”可知，猫跟着作者走，这是作者早就料到的，因此空格处表示“果然，不出所料”。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：果然，小猫被食物的香味吸引了，跟着我走了进去，很高兴不用再淋雨了。A. hesitant犹豫的；B. unwilling不情愿的；C. happy高兴的；D. proud骄傲的。根据下文“out of the rain”可知，不用再淋雨了，猫应该是高兴。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他喜欢你做的菜的味道。A. dustbin垃圾箱；B. blanket毯子；C. garage车库；D. cooking饭菜。根据上文“He loves the smell of your”可知，此处指饭菜的味道。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：嗯，看起来我需要扩展我们的菜单，包括一些猫友好的点心选项。A. search搜索；B. expand扩大；C. check检查；D. limit限制。根据下文“to include some cat-friendly dim-sum options”可知，此处表示扩大菜单的选项范围。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：猫亲切地蹭着我的腿，好像很同意我的想法。A. suggestion建议；B. request要求；C. idea主意；D. invitation邀请。根据上文“I think we know who will be first waiting in line every morning(如果你这样做，我想我们知道每天早上谁会第一个排队)”和“The cat affectionately rubbed against my leg”可知，猫好像同意作者的想法。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Home cooks are wild about it. Chili crisp, a Chinese condiment (作料) that mixes chili peppers with oil and other elements, has become one of the food world’s top ___36___ (pick). But how did this essential condiment originate? Chilies weren’t originally from China. In fact, ___37___ is now considered a symbol of Chinese cuisine wasn’t introduced to the country until the 16th century, when an age of exploration and trade brought chilis to the mainland. The earliest ___38___ (record) documentation of chilis in China dates back to 1591. According to Brian Dott, who ___39___ (pen) “The Chile Pepper in China: A Cultural Biography,” the famous historical figure Gao Lian wasn’t “all that excited” about it, and he used the chili plant more as a ___40___ (decorate). However, while the upper class of Chinese society admired chili plants for their beauty, ___41___ general public started consuming them. By 1765, local historians observed that in Hunan, chilis were used ___42___ (season) sauces, vinegar, and preserve vegetables. Different ___43___ other spices, chili peppers were not initially farmed and traded as commodities (商品). Instead, they fell into the hands of skilled farmers ___44___ (accidental). Over time, chili peppers have become integrated in Chinese cooking, and nowadays, their integration into every level of society has become ____45____ (popular) than ever before. 【答案】36. picks 37. what 38. recorded 39. penned 40. decoration 41. the 42. to season 43. from 44. accidentally 45. more popular 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国调味品辣椒脆油的起源、辣椒在中国的传播历程以及其在中国烹饪中的普及和重要性。 36题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：辣椒油，一种将辣椒与油和其他元素混合的中国调味品，已经成为美食界的热门之选。分析句子成分可知，空处为固定搭配：one of 名词的复数形式。故填picks。 【37题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：事实上，如今被视为中国烹饪象征的辣椒，直到16世纪才被引入中国。分析句子成分可知，空处考查主语从句的引导词，主语从句缺少主语，用引导词what引导。故填what。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：中国最早关于辣椒的记载可追溯到1591年。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词形式，修饰空后的名词“documentation”，意为“有记录的”。故填recorded。 【39题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：据撰写《中国辣椒：文化传记》的Brian Dott所述，著名历史人物高濂对辣椒“并不那么热衷”，他更多地将辣椒植株当作一种装饰品。分析句子成分可知，空处为从句谓语动词；陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填penned。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：据撰写《中国辣椒：文化传记》的Brian Dott所述，著名历史人物高濂对辣椒“并不那么热衷”，他更多地将辣椒植株当作一种装饰品。分析句子成分，根据空前的冠词“a”可知，空处为名词的单数形式。故填decoration。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然而，当中国的上层社会因辣椒植株的美丽而对其赞赏有加时，普通民众已经开始食用它们了。分析句子成分可知，空处为冠词修饰空后的“public”，构成短语：the general public，意为“普通民众”。故填the。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：到1765年，地方史学家观察到，在湖南，辣椒已被用于调味酱汁、醋和腌制蔬菜。分析句子成分可知，空处考查非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to season。 【43题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：与其他香料不同，辣椒最初并非作为商品进行种植和交易的。固定短语：(be) different from，意为“和……不同”，符合句意。故填from。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：相反，它们意外地落入了技艺高超的农民手中。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词形式修饰动词短语“fell into”。故填accidentally。 【45题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：随着时间的推移，辣椒已经融入了中国烹饪之中，如今，它们在社会各个层面的普及程度比以往任何时候都更受欢迎。根据空后的“than ever before”可知，空处为形容词比较级。故填more popular。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim在你的朋友圈看到你校高三年级开展了“勇攀高峰，青春无悔”（Aim High，Give It All）的长城主题活动，很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 该活动的相关信息（如时间、内容. . . ）；2. 你参加该活动的感受。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m thrilled to hear your interest in our recent activity at the Great Wall themed “Aim High, Give It All.” The event took place last Saturday, where all senior students were invited to hike along the Great Wall. This activity aimed to inspire us to challenge ourselves and push our limits, both physically and mentally. Participating in this event was truly memorable for me. The breathtaking views of the Great Wall combined with the spirit of perseverance taught me the value of determination. It was a perfect opportunity to bond with classmates and reflect on our goals. I believe this experience will motivate me in my future endeavors. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，内容要求考生回复笔友Jim关于长城主题活动的信息。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 兴趣：interest → curiosity 激励：inspire → motivate 挑战自我：challenge ourselves → push our boundaries 难忘的：memorable → unforgettable 2. 句式拓展： 简单句变复合句 原句：Participating in this event was truly memorable for me. 拓展句：It was truly memorable for me because participating in this event taught me valuable lessons. 【点睛】【高分句型一】The event took place last Saturday, where all senior students were invited to hike along the Great Wall.”(运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型二】The breathtaking views of the Great Wall combined with the spirit of perseverance taught me the value of determination(运用了过去分词作定语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In 2017 I graduated from a medical school and started to train the seniors for recovery as a therapist in the Brookdale Lake Senior Living Center where I met Hoffner, who had lived there for roughly the past decade, for the first time. Hoffner, a lady of 104 years old now, grew up in Chicago and worked as a telephone operator for Bell Company for more than four decades. She never married or had children, but she enjoyed beach vacations and driving her small blue car touring all over the country. She loved sports and was kind to everyone she met. She watched every Chicago Cubs game on a TV in her room and also enjoyed watching “MASH” runs. She stayed active, walking several blocks to the grocery store multiple times a week and going on walks to have a look at the neighbor’s dogs. She was known for carrying candies — Heath bars, Reese’s Peanut Butter Cups and dark chocolate — in her walker. She shared her candies with everyone she met, but she always kept some for me. I remembered that afternoon I and one of my patients were figuring out when the meal was served when Hoffner invited us to eat supper with her in the dining area. Since then, we three ate dinner together almost every night and Hoffner started calling me grandson. One night two months ago, I carelessly told Hoffner over dinner that I was going skydiving in Ottawa. When Hoffner said she wanted to go, too, I thought she meant as an observer. “No, no, no, I want to jump out of a plane,” Hoffner said. My heart sank because I knew clearly what it meant to jump from an airplane at about 13,500 feet high. It might injure her. But she made up her mind and started to do everything to prepare for it. She went to the doctor to have a check and asked me to make a training plan. With her walker she kept training every day. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2.开头已给出。 One day, I went to the dining hall and saw her sitting in a corner, sad and alone. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Jump,” with the order of the pilot, I jumped out of the plan e following her. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One day, I went to the dining hall and saw her sitting in a corner, sad and alone. I sat beside her without saying a word at the beginning. “I want to skydive but the pilot said I am too old.” She said sadly, looking up at me. I pushed to her my cellphone which said a 103-year-old woman from Sweden jumped from a plane in May 2022 as the oldest person to skydive, saying “There is no question that you could handle it. But anyway, it is up to you.” “If she could do it, I can too.” She said with a determined look. “We shall jump together,” tightly I held her hands. “Jump,” with the order of the pilot, I jumped out of the plan e following her. We immediately embraced the freedom of soaring through the air. Seen from the 13,500 feet high sky, the long river looked like a small line. We were falling towards the grassy land when suddenly her parachute was released before me, like a flower. I opened mine too, sending us higher into the air. After circling in the air for about seven minutes, we landed on the ground one after another. “Age is just a number,” she said proudly. “I was really expecting to come skydiving with you next year.” 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在布鲁克代尔湖老年生活中心遇到了104岁的Hoffner女士，Hoffner女士热爱运动，喜欢保持活跃，经常与别人分享她的糖果，与作者经常在一起吃晚饭，在一个晚上吃饭时，作者不经意说到了去渥太华跳伞，Hoffner女士决定与作者一起去跳伞，并开始制定训练计划，积极准备去跳伞的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“有一天，我去食堂，看见她坐在一个角落里，悲伤而孤独。”可知，第一段可描写Hoffner女士为什么悲伤，以及作者如何让Hoffner女士与作者一起去跳伞的。 ②由第二段首句内容““跳”，在飞行员的命令下，我跳出了飞机，跟着她。”可知，第二段可描写作者想去跳伞的整个过程以及感受。 2.续写线索：Hoffner女士悲伤——作者劝说——决定一起去跳伞——跳伞的过程——期待下一次跳伞 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①坐下：sat/be seated ②应对，处理：handle/deal with ③抓住：hold/grasp 情绪类 ①伤心：sadly/sorrowfully/ ②自豪：proudly/arrogantly/with pride 【点睛】[高分句型1]Seen from the 13,500 feet high sky, the long river looked like a small line. （运用了过去分词短语作状语） [高分句型2]We were falling towards the grassy land when suddenly her parachute was released before me, like a flower.（运用了固定句型“be doing…when…”表示一件事情正在发生，突然发生了另外一件事） [高分句型3]I opened mine too, sending us higher into the air.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 郑州外国语学校2025届高三调研考试试卷（五） 英语 （120分钟 150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the next underground arrive? A. At 1:55. B. At 2:00. C. At 2:05. 2. What does the man like about the play? A. The story. B. The ending. C. The actor. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a plane. B. On a train. C. On a ship. 4. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Coach and player. B. Boss and employee. C. Customer and seller. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Surfing on the Internet. B. Sending a document via email. C. Writing an article. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What food does the woman order? A. Pork noodles. B. Roasted beef steak. C. Fish salad. 7. How does the woman order her food? A. By making a phone call. B. By showing up in the restaurant. C. By using the Internet. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How did the woman’s son get injured? A. He had a car accident. B. He got hurt in a match. C. He got involved in a robbery. 9. What will the man do in the next few hours? A. Do some tests. B. Get some rest. C. Take some medicine. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What’s the destination for the speakers? A. Greenwood Park. B. Sweetwater Mountains. C. Nightstar Valley. 11. What’s the purpose of the activity? A. For environmental protection. B. For a business reason. C. For physical exercise. 12. What probably will the man wear for the hiking? A. White T-shirt and grey pants. B. White T-shirt and brown pants. C. Grey T-shirt and grey pants. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where does the woman want to go? A. Oxford. B. Newcastle. C. London. 14. When will the woman begin her tour? A. On July 30th. B. On August 6th. C. On August 12th. 15. How much money should the woman pay for the trip in total? A. £700. B. £2,800. C. £3,300. 16. What does the man remind the woman to do at last? A. Pay the money in advance. B Get more information on the website. C. Call to confirm before departure. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Which road will stay closed for over an hour? A. M16. B. M30. C. M43. 18. Why is North Street closed to all cars? A The snow hasn’t been cleared. B. There’s an accident. C. It is under repair. 19. How can passengers get the latest information about trains? A. By visiting a website. B. By sticking to the radio. C. By making a call. 20. What is the weather going to be like in the evening? A. Snowy. B. Windy. C. Cloudy. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Why Subscribe to Reader’s Digest? The world’s best-loved general-interest publication contains something for everyone. Reader’s Digest magazine is bursting with stories, articles, advice, recipes, reviews, tips, jokes and anecdotes. Each issue is small enough to fit in your handbag or pocket, but big enough to keep you entertained for weeks on end. From regular columns packed with information to gripping (扣人心弦的) human-interest stories and helpful how-tos, our magazine offers knowledge, positivity and humour. In this month’s issue you’ll find. . . An interview with Hugh Dancy The newest addition to the cast of Downton Abbey on New York, Law& Order, and the nostalgia (怀旧) of playing an English gentleman. Saving the sound of the Stradivaius Meet the experts fighting to save the unbeatable sound of history’s greatest violins, meeting the love of her life. Community Power Across the UK, communities are coming together to save their pubs, shops, and more. If Grace Dent ruled the world The restaurant critic shares her manifesto (宣言) for world domination. SUBSCRIBE TODAY FROM AS LITTLE AS £ 22 99 Our best price yet — It’s only £ 22. 99 for a full one-year subscription — A Saving of over 50% OFF the usual £ 47. 88 retail price — and what’s more, we will deliver it direct to your door for free! If you don’t want to commit to a full year, we have the perfect taster package. TRIAL NOW with 3 Issues for ONLY £ 3! Plus, make sure you always keep up to date with all of the top stories, news and promotions from Reader’s Digest by subscribing to our weekly newsletter. 1. If readers want to know about an actor, which one should they read? A. If Grace Dent ruled the world. B. Community Power. C. Saving the sound of the Stradivaius. D. An interview with Hugh Dancy. 2. How much will you save if you take out a full one-year subscription today? A. £ 3. B. £ 22. 99. C. £ 24. 89. D. £ 47. 88. 3. What kind of writing is the passage? A. An introduction. B. A part of a fiction. C. A research report. D. An advertisement. B Napoleon, as a character in Tolstoy’s War and Peace, is more than once described as having “fat little hands” Nor does he “sit well or firmly on the horse”. He is said to be “undersized” with “short legs” and a “round stomach”. The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy’s description-it seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts: other things that could be said of the man are not said. We are meant to understand the difference of a warring commander in the body of a fat little Frenchman. Tolstoy’s Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his nose — and that is the point. It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character. And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man. In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace, the wars having reached the critical year of 1812, Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar (沙皇), who has come with peace terms. Napoleon is very angry: doesn’t he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if the Tsar’s army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!” he shouts. And then, Tolstoy writes, Napoleon “walked silently several times up and down the room, his fat shoulders moving quickly”. Still later, after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds, Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner. “He raised his hand to the Russian’s... face,” Tolstoy writes, and “taking him by the ear pulled it gently...”. To have one’s ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court. “Well, well, why don’t you say anything?” said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect anyone but himself, Napoleon. Tolstoy did his research, but the composition is his own. 4. Tolstoy’s description of Napoleon in War and Peace is ________. A. far from the historical facts B. based on the Russian history C. based on his selection of facts D. not related to historical details 5. Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because ________. A. the Tsar’s peace terms were hard to accept B. he didn’t have any more army to fight with C. the Russians stopped his military movement D. he thought he should be the one to make the peace terms 6. What did Napoleon expect the Russian representative to do? A. To walk out of the room in anger. B. To show agreement with him. C. To say something about the Tsar. D. To express his admiration. 7. Tolstoy intended to present Napoleon as a man who is ________. A. crazy for power and respect B. fond of showing off his iron will C. determined in destroying all of Europe D. ill-mannered in dealing with foreign guests C Commuting to and from work can be a nightmare. Cars advance slowly in stop and go traffic, crawling from one traffic jam at stoplights to the next. At peak rush hour especially, there is no chance of sailing through a series of green lights. Now, thanks to artificial intelligence, German researchers have found a way to reduce time spent at the crossroads. Called the KI4LSA project and funded by the Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, the innovation is being tested. Scientists first studied algorithms taken from a busy intersection to learn about traffic patterns and where improvements were most needed. Then, the technology, using high-resolution cameras and radar sensors, more precisely captured the actual traffic situation and detected the average speed of the cars and their waiting times. Finally, the AI uses deep enhanced learning algorithms to calculate the best switching behaviour for the traffic lights and determine the best phase sequence to shorten waiting times at the crossroads. The results are encouraging when it is being tried out at a busy intersection in Lemgo, Germany. The intelligent lights are said to improve traffic flow by 10 to 15 percent, which results in money saved; the EU estimates that traffic jams create economic damage that adds up to 100 billion euros a year. Aside from reducing commuting time, these traffic lights will reduce noise and CO2 emissions from cars waiting at the crossroads. Another exciting development in this research is the K14PED project, which studies pedestrians crossing the crossroads. Using AI as well as a 3D points cloud, researchers can identify how many people are waiting at a pedestrian crossing and whether some of the disabled or elder people will need extra time to cross the street. Such a needs-based system could reduce pedestrian waiting time by 30 percent, which could then decrease jaywalking (乱穿马路) by 25 percent. Researchers are optimistic that it will be adopted by many countries after the tests in the German towns of Lemgo and Bielefeld. This technology is exciting news for pedestrians and drivers alike. It encourages safety, protects the environment, and may even give you more time to enjoy your morning coffee before heading off to work! 8. Why is AI used in the KI4LSA project? A. To study traffic algorithms to control CO2 emissions. B. To detect road conditions to reduce jam or speeding. C. To remind people to pass in sequence for a shorter wait. D. To adjust traffic signals to ensure efficiency at the crossroads. 9. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. The intelligent lights serve the mere purpose of reducing commuting time. B. The better traffic flow is improved, the less economic damage is caused. C. The more cars are waiting at the crossroads, the more noise is reduced. D. The effect of traffic jams is heavier on environment than on economy. 10. What is the function of K14PED project? A. It monitors traffic conditions at intersections. B. It helps to estimate the number of jaywalkers. C It ensures flexible crossing time for pedestrians. D. It improves the speed of vehicles on busy roads. 11. What is the main idea of this passage? A. The intelligent lights offer a blessing to transportation. B. The AI technology is bound to be a promising industry. C. Attentive traffic service lends a helping hand to seniors. D. Digital traffic systems mark the beginning of smart cities. D A few years ago, the City Council of Monza, Italy, barred pet owners from keeping goldfish in curved fishbowls. The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in such a bowl because the curved sides give the fish a distorted view of reality. Aside from the measure’s significance to the poor goldfish, the story raises an interesting philosophical question: How do we know that the reality we perceive is true? Physicists are finding themselves in a similar trouble to the goldfish’s. For decades they have been pursuing an ultimate theory of everything—one complete and consistent set of fundamental laws of nature that explain every aspect of reality. It now appears that this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected theories, each describing its own version of reality, as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl. This concept may be difficult for many people to accept. Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that our senses and our science directly convey (传达) information about the material world. In philosophy, that belief is called realism. In physics, realism is becoming difficult to defend. Instead, the idea of alternative realities is a mainstay of today’s popular culture. For example, in the science-fiction film The Matrix the human race is unknowingly living in a simulated (模拟的) virtual reality created by intelligent computers. How do we know we are not just computer-generated characters living in a Matrix-like world? If—like us—the beings in the simulated world could not observe their universe from the outside, they would have no reason to doubt their own pictures of reality. Similarly, the goldfish’s view is not the same as ours from outside their curved bowl. For instance, because light bends as it travels from air to water, a freely moving object that we would observe to move in a straight line would be observed by the goldfish to move along a curved path. The goldfish could form scientific laws from their frame (框架) of reference that would always hold true and that would enable them to make predictions about the future motion of objects outside the bowl. If the goldfish formed such a theory, we would have to admit the goldfish’s view as a reasonable picture of reality. The goldfish example shows that the same physical situation can be modeled in different ways, each employing different fundamental elements and concepts. It might be that to describe the universe we have to employ different theories in different situations. It is not the physicist’s traditional expectation for a theory of nature, nor does it correspond to our everyday idea of reality. But it might be the way of the universe. 12. What does the underlined word “distorted” in Paragraph most probably mean? A. Original. B. Accurate. C. Distant. D. False. 13. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A. The need for a complete theory. B. The lasting conflict in physics. C. The existence of the material world. D. The conventional insight of reality. 14. What can we learn from the passage? A. Nature’s mysteries are best left undiscovered. B. An external world is independent of the observers. C. People’s theories are influenced by their viewpoints. D. It is essential to figure out which picture of reality is better. 15. According to the passage, the author may agree that ________. A. various interpretations of the universe are welcomed B. physicists have a favorite candidate for the final theory C. multiple realities can be pieced together to show the real world D. there is still possibility to unify different theories into a single one 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When I was a kid, I took traveling with my parents for granted. Sure, they paid for everything. But they were basically no different from teachers taking us to a field trip. ____16____. For example, they took us to Denali National Park instead of Disney World. And we sometimes stayed at hotels without pools. And they never let us buy anything from the SkyMall catalog (目录). Of course, some 20 years later, I consider traveling with my parents, now both in their 60s, to be the utmost privilege. ____17____. Neither am I, and every day that passes brings us closer to our last. Fortunately, since graduating college, I’ve been able to cover some serious ground with each of them. Together my dad and I have looked for the Loch Ness monster in Scotland, photographed wildlife in Grand Teton National Park, and most recently, survived the famously dangerous Drake Passage. Meanwhile, my mom and I have stayed at a $9/night treehouse hostel in Mexico, eaten at a Michelin-starred vegetarian restaurant in Vienna, and most recently, road-tripped through three states. ____18____. After all, even if you’re the apple that fell right under the tree, traveling with the people who raised you isn’t always easy. “____19____,” says Alexis Sherry, a New Jersey-based travel agent. Still, Sherry is seeing an increasing number of clients requesting vacations for more than one generation. They can be difficult to plan, but so far she says she’s had no “disasters,” and often, her clients come back closer than ever. “Our parents are our earliest attachment bonds,” says Katie d’ Autremont, a licensed professional adviser based in Bozeman, Montana. “It can be healing and fun to rekindle that bond in our adult years and as our adult selves.” She sees traveling together as the perfect opportunity for getting to know each other for who we are now, with “now” being the key word. ____20____. A. Those memories are golden B. I know they’re no longer unbeatable C. After all, as humans, we’re always evolving D. That’s not to say that all of our trips have been without flaws E. To my brothers and me, they seemed to be bent on limiting our fun F. Planning a vacation can be considerably tricky when it involves demanding parents G. There are always challenges as we are dealing with different physical abilities and interests 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I often helped at Grandma’s restaurant on weekends. This Saturday morning, when I was in the alley behind the restaurant, I noticed something ____21____. Our dustbins had been knocked over! How could those have fallen? I wondered as I quickly cleaned up the mess, and then headed into the restaurant to help with the ___22___ rush. Early the next morning, when I sat up and looked out of my window, I spotted the dustbins — ____23____ over yet again! Soon, it started to rain. That was when I noticed two yellow eyes staring back at me. ____24____ from the dustbin was a little gray cat. I jumped out of bed and ____25____ down to the alley. “So you’re the one that knocked over the dustbin!” I said, finally ____26____. I watched as the kitty ____27____ at a container, trying to get the ____28____ shrimp dumplings inside. With the rain ____29____, the poor kitty was too scared to come out of his new hiding spot. Luckily, I had an idea. I approached the cat with a shrimp dumpling and the cat cheered up. Then, I ____30____ made my way to the garage, where I had placed a blanket on the floor. ____31____, attracted by the scent of food, the kitty followed me inside, ____32____ to be out of the rain. It wasn’t long before Grandma appeared in the doorway, a bit surprised. “Grandma, meet my new friend. He loves the smell of your ____33____,” I said. Grandma chuckled. “Well, it looks like I’ll need to ____34____ our menu to include some cat-friendly dim-sum options.” “If you do, I think we know who will be first waiting in line every morning!” I said. The cat affectionately rubbed against my leg, as if agreeing with the ____35____. 21. A. fascinating B. strange C. amusing D. scary 22. A. breakfast B. traffic C. shopping D. weekday 23. A. tipped B. rolled C. leant D. ran 24. A. Escaping B. Hiding C. Recovering D. Emerging 25. A. wandered B. raced C. jogged D. marched 26. A. admitting B. understanding C. reflecting D. wondering 27. A. grabbed B. glanced C. sneezed D. pointed 28. A. well-done B. eye-catching C. half-eaten D. under-cooked 29. A. showing up B. letting up C. easing up D. picking up 30. A. suddenly B. eagerly C. gradually D. slowly 31. A. Sure enough B. Strange to say C. Worse still D. Out of the blue 32. A. hesitant B. unwilling C. happy D. proud 33. A. dustbin B. blanket C. garage D. cooking 34. A. search B. expand C. check D. limit 35. A. suggestion B. request C. idea D. invitation 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Home cooks are wild about it. Chili crisp, a Chinese condiment (作料) that mixes chili peppers with oil and other elements, has become one of the food world’s top ___36___ (pick). But how did this essential condiment originate? Chilies weren’t originally from China. In fact, ___37___ is now considered a symbol of Chinese cuisine wasn’t introduced to the country until the 16th century, when an age of exploration and trade brought chilis to the mainland. The earliest ___38___ (record) documentation of chilis in China dates back to 1591. According to Brian Dott, who ___39___ (pen) “The Chile Pepper in China: A Cultural Biography,” the famous historical figure Gao Lian wasn’t “all that excited” about it, and he used the chili plant more as a ___40___ (decorate). However, while the upper class of Chinese society admired chili plants for their beauty, ___41___ general public started consuming them. By 1765, local historians observed that in Hunan, chilis were used ___42___ (season) sauces, vinegar, and preserve vegetables. Different ___43___ other spices, chili peppers were not initially farmed and traded as commodities (商品). Instead, they fell into the hands of skilled farmers ___44___ (accidental). Over time, chili peppers have become integrated in Chinese cooking, and nowadays, their integration into every level of society has become ____45____ (popular) than ever before. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim在你的朋友圈看到你校高三年级开展了“勇攀高峰，青春无悔”（Aim High，Give It All）的长城主题活动，很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 该活动的相关信息（如时间、内容. . . ）；2. 你参加该活动的感受。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 In 2017 I graduated from a medical school and started to train the seniors for recovery as a therapist in the Brookdale Lake Senior Living Center where I met Hoffner, who had lived there for roughly the past decade, for the first time. Hoffner, a lady of 104 years old now, grew up in Chicago and worked as a telephone operator for Bell Company for more than four decades. She never married or had children, but she enjoyed beach vacations and driving her small blue car touring all over the country. She loved sports and was kind to everyone she met. She watched every Chicago Cubs game on a TV in her room and also enjoyed watching “MASH” runs. She stayed active, walking several blocks to the grocery store multiple times a week and going on walks to have a look at the neighbor’s dogs. She was known for carrying candies — Heath bars, Reese’s Peanut Butter Cups and dark chocolate — in her walker. She shared her candies with everyone she met, but she always kept some for me. I remembered that afternoon I and one of my patients were figuring out when the meal was served when Hoffner invited us to eat supper with her in the dining area. Since then, we three ate dinner together almost every night and Hoffner started calling me grandson. One night two months ago, I carelessly told Hoffner over dinner that I was going skydiving in Ottawa. When Hoffner said she wanted to go, too, I thought she meant as an observer. “No, no, no, I want to jump out of a plane,” Hoffner said. My heart sank because I knew clearly what it meant to jump from an airplane at about 13,500 feet high. It might injure her. But she made up her mind and started to do everything to prepare for it. She went to the doctor to have a check and asked me to make a training plan. With her walker she kept training every day. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2.开头已给出。 One day, I went to the dining hall and saw her sitting in a corner, sad and alone. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Jump,” with the order of the pilot, I jumped out of the plan e following her. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$