Unit 10 Connections 单元整合训练 -2024-2025学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册

【北师大版选择性必修四】Unit 10 Connections 单元整合训练（解析版） 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A    Australians are pretty (大胆的) when it comes to humor. Not afraid of saying something insulting (冒犯的) in the name of a good laugh, they generally don't hold back. This is always done in fun, however.     You get yourself a haircut before going to meet your new Aussie friend. You're expecting to be praised, but what you hear is, "Did you have a fight with a lawnmower(割草机)?'' You might take this as an insult, but it's just your friend's way of saying that you've had a haircut.     Your friend comes knocking at your bedroom door one morning to tell you're late for class. You were up studying late the night before and you look a mess. Your friend thinks you need to put a brush through your hair before leaving, but instead of just saying so he says, "Wow. Your hair looks like a bush pig's arse.'' He's trying to be nice.     Australia is one of cultures on this planet where making fun of someone is a sign of friendship. If you find yourself being made fun of lots, it could be that you've scored yourself a whole lot of new friends. Consider yourself lucky — these insults are all part of building a relationship.     Australians also use a lot of sarcasm(讽刺). You foolishly say something that's obvious(明显的). For example, "A six pack of beer is named after the number of beers you get in the pack, the number being six.'' A normal answer would be, "That is the most obvious statement I've ever heard", but an Australian would say, "Really? You're so clever".     Now let's say your teacher tells you that there will be a test the following day. Australians might say, "Great. I can't wait to add preparing for a test to my already long to-do list. Thank you for this gift." 1. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, Australians try to be humorous _____. A. by telling funny jokes B. by making fun of friends C. by laughing at themselves D. by showing unfriendliness 2. What do Australians want to express by saying "Thank you for this gift." in the last paragraph? A. Dislike. B. Worry. C. Gladness. D. Thankfulness. 3. How is the text mainly developed? A. By telling stories. B. By making comparisons. C. By providing examples. D. By examining differences. B The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated. While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared. Do we want to copy—or even worsen-the traffic of today with driveress cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport---an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing services. A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues. But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology. Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it. 1. According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless cars can ________. A. help deal with transportation-related problems B. provide better services to customers C. cause damage to our environment D. make some people lose jobs 2. As for driverless cars, what is the author's major concern? A. Safety. B. Side effects. C. Management. D. Affordability. 3. What does the underlined word "fielded" in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Replaced. B. Employed. C. Shared. D. Reduced. 4. What is the authors attitude to the future of self-driving cars? A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Disapproving. D. Positive. C On December 17, 1903, two men flew. They were brothers from Dayton, Ohio, and they owned a bicycle shop. They had attended school, but neither had graduated from high school. Their names were Wilbur and Orville Wright. Before they built the plane they studied all that was known about flying. They built a wind tunnel（风洞）and tested many wings. Then they drew plans and built carefully. When they flew, it was from Kill Devil Hillat Kitty Hawk. That day, Orville won the toss（投）of a coin. He got to fly first. Wilbur ran beside him；the plane lifted a few feet above the sand and stayed in the air for 17 seconds. The brothers flew four flights that day. The longest lasted 59 seconds. The men from the lifeboat station had taken a picture. The headlines in the morning newspaper in nearby Norfolk told of the flight, but most of the details in the story were wrong. The brothers were worried, but it didn't matter: no one paid attention. And other newspapers didn't carry the story. Orville and Wilbur went home and set to improve（改进）their plane. In 1904 newspaper reporters came to see for themselves. The Wright brothers checked and tested everything again and again. When the reporters arrived, the brothers were having mechanical problems with the plane. The reporters stayed two days. The Wright brothers wouldn't fly on those days；the plane wasn't ready. The reporters left. One writer did stay and see them fly. He wrote down the first long article about the Wright brothers' flight in a beekeepers' magazine! In 1908, in Virginia, Orville showed Americans that people could fly. The crowd of watchers rushed forward shouting as loudly as they could and couldn't believe what they saw. 1. What can we learn about the Wright brothers? A. They started to build a plane in 1903. B. They studied very well in high school. C. They invented different kinds of wings. D. They were the owners of a bicycle shop. 2. Why did Orville get to fly the plane first? A. He won after throwing a coin. B. He was asked to do that by Wilbur. C. He could run faster than Wilbur did D. He had more courage than Wilbur did 3. The newspaper article about their first flight_________. A. was widely discussed B. got most details wrong C. made the Wrights very happy D. was carried by many other newspapers 4. Why did the Wright brothers fail to fly on the first few days after the reporters arrived in 1904? A. They needed to fix the plane. B. They didn't get enough support. C. They were expecting more reporters. D. They didn't think the weather was suitable enough. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication     In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. ①_________. It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.     Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. ②_________, encouraging better and more frequent communication.     In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. ③_________. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve (曲线). The good news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort.     There is also the matter of tone (语气). Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? ④_________. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.     ⑤_________, and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you'll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture. A. Messages with emojis feel more conversational B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 After the publication of my first two books, I sent my publisher Summer of the Wolves. I'd written it with great passion, filled with 1 . But the publisher 2 it. I sent it to two or three other publishers. The 3 results! I thought this novel must be really bad and cried for three days. I 4 the novel. But I couldn't stop 5 . In a few years, I focused on my skills and 6 a few more with agencies. One day, a 7 asked, "Do you have anything else?" And yes, I did- -Summer of the Wolves. "Send it to me," she said. So I did. A few weeks later, she 8 my rewriting it in first person. It had been written in two voices in third person. Therefore, that was a(n) 9 amount of work to me. But I was willing to take the 10 . Two months later, she 11 me when it was published and asked me to write another one. I couldn't believe 12 was knocking at my door. I am not a great talent, but I am a 13 worker. I've published 11 novels but written 15. Will those other four ever 14 the light of day? I hope so. I keep working and never give up. It is a 15 not a short race. 1. A. strength B. confidence C. imagination D. gratitude 2. A. admired B. delayed C. accepted D. rejected 3. A. normal B. desired C. same D. satisfying 4. A. cut out B. burnt up C. tore apart D. put away 5. A. thinking B. crying C. writing D. complaining 6. A. translated B. released C. edited D. revised 7. A. publisher B. follower C. reporter D. reader 8. A. excused B. allowed C. suggested D. appreciated 9. A. proper B. exact C. small D. fair 10. A. challenge B. reality C. risk D. credit 11. A. comforted B. congratulated C. instructed D. bothered 12. A. success B. wealth C. fame D. courage 13. A. clever B. hard C. fast D. strict 14. A. feel B. reflect C. see D. absorb 15. A. marathon B. lesson C. competition D. transformation 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     High school years are a large part in ①_________(shape) the person you are going to become. A school often ②_________ (provide) education for you, and it can also be a place ③_________ you can develop relationships with many different people, join clubs, and participate in a variety of different sports. These years can make you become a high school student ④_________ (fill) with many different emotions, including happiness, anger, sadness, envy, loneliness, stress, and a numerous amount more. This is also a time when peer (同龄人) pressure is most commonly put upon a vast majority of teens.     Peer pressure is the influence from members of one's peer group. This can include influencing another to drink, smoke, cheat on a test, lie, skip class, and etc. The list is ⑤_________ (end). Peer pressure at high school is both harmful ⑥_________ effective because it can lead to teen depression, high stress levels, negative behavior ⑦_________ (issue), and poor decision making and outcomes.     Despite the fact that peer pressure is most commonly seen as a very negative issue, it can ⑧_________ (see) positively in some situations. This can involve pressuring your peers to avoid drugs, be honest, avoid alcohol, respect others, work hard, exercise, be kind, be responsible, and more. Friends and peer ⑨_________ (actual) affect the choices you make. Choosing to have good friends can have a very strong effect ⑩_________ you. 答案解析 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 A 答案：1-3 BAC 解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段内容,以及其中的关键句"but it's just your friend's way of saying that you've had a haircut"及"He's trying to be nice."可知,澳大利亚人试图通过取笑朋友来表现幽默。故选B。 2.词义猜测题。根据第五段中的"Australians also use a lot of sarcasm."和第六段中的"Now let's say your teacher tells you that there will be a test the following day."可知,"Thank you for this gift."用的是讽刺,表达的是相反的情绪,因此推测为不喜欢。故选A。 3.推理判断题。本文在说明澳大利亚人如何表示幽默和讽刺的时候,使用了大量的例子。由此可知,本文主要是通过举例来展开的。故选C。 B 答案：1-4 ACBD 解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中"While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. (虽然到目前为止，大部分争论都集中在无人驾驶汽车的安全性上（这是理所当然的），但政策制定者也应该讨论自动驾驶汽车如何有助于减少交通拥堵、减少排放，并提供更方便、更经济的出行选择)"可知，作者认为，应该注意无人驾驶汽车如何帮助解决交通相关问题。故选A。 2.细节理解题。根据第一段中"But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.(但无论需要多长时间，这项技术都有可能改变我们的交通系统和城市，或好或坏，这取决于如何监管这种转变)"以及最后一段中"Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today.(政策制定者现在应该开始思考，如何确保无人驾驶汽车的出现，不会延伸到我们今天拥有的汽车控制交通系统的最糟糕的方面)"可知，关于无人驾驶汽车，作者最担心的是管理问题。故选C。 3.词句猜测题。根据画线词上文"Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing."以及后文"by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues"可知，无人驾驶汽车拥有排放少和交通便宜的优势，再加上考虑到自动驾驶技术的成本以及责任和维护问题，所以推测第一批商用无人驾驶汽车肯定会采用代驾服务。故划线词意思是"采用，雇佣"。A. Replaced.替代；B. Employed.采用，雇佣；C. Shared.分享；D. Reduced.减少。故选B。 4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中"The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.(即将到来的技术进步为城市和国家提供了发展交通系统的机会，这些交通系统的设计是为了让更多的人出行，而且更经济。未来的汽车就要来了。我们只需要做好准备)"可推知，对于无人 驾驶车的未来，作者的态度还是比较积极的。故选D。 C 答案：1-4 DABA 解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段"They were brothers from Dayton, Ohio, and they owned a bicycle shop.（他们是来自Dayton, Ohio的一对兄弟，他们经营着一家自行车店。）"可知，莱特兄弟是一家自行车店的老板，故选D。 2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段"That day, Orville won the toss（投）of a coin. He got to fly first.（那天，奥利维尔在抛完硬币后赢了。他得到了首先进行飞行的机会。）"可知，在拋完硬币后他赢了，所以得到先飞的机会，故选A。 3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段"The headlines in the morning newspaper in nearby Norfolk told of the flight, but most of the details in the story were wrong.（晨报的头条登了这次飞行故事，但是报道的大多细节是错误。）"可知，报道的文章报道了很多错误的细节，故选B。 4.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段"When the reporters arrived, the brothers were having mechanical problems with the plane. The reporters stayed two days. The Wright brothers wouldn't fly on those days；the plane wasn't ready. The reporters left.（当记者到达时，莱特兄弟正在修理飞机。记者待了两天，这几天莱特兄弟都不会进行飞行；因为飞机还没准备好，因此记者就离开了）"可知，在记者到达后的前几天，莱特兄弟无法飞行是因为他们需要修理飞机，故选A。 第二节 答案：DAGBF 解析：本文主要介绍了在工作交流中运用表情符号的好处。 ①空前一句提到"In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly",D项"The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally"内容上承接上文,且进一步说明了信息收发平台在全球范围内日益风行,D项符合语境,故选D。 ②上文讲"Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear"谈到了在书面交流中使用表情符号的好处,故结合选项可知,A项符合语境。 ③根据空前的"employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge"可知,在不同年龄的办公人员之间找到沟通方式上的共同点可能是个挑战,G项则是针对该挑战的解决办法。G项中的"bring all work generations together"即挑战,呼应上文。故选G项。 ④本段叙述了使用表情符号在缓和语气上的作用,根据空前的"Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?"可知,此处涉及邮件交流中的语气,故选B。 ⑤根据空后的"and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome"可知,空处应该体现"that positive outcome",也就是F选项中的"a happier workplace", F选项符合语境,故选F。 第二部分 语言知识运用 第一节 答案：1-5BDCDC 6-10 BACDA11-15 BABCA 解析：1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我满怀激情，充满信心地写了它。A.strength力量；B.confidence自信；C.imagination想像；D.gratitude感谢。根据前文中"with great passion"可知，作者在写新书时怀着很大的热情，因此投稿时也十分自信，故选B。 2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但出版商拒绝了。A.admired羡慕；B.delayed（使）延期；C.accepted接受；D.rejected拒绝。由But可知，和前文作者信心满满地投稿形成转折关系，推测作者的稿子被拒绝了，reject符合题意，故选D。 3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把它寄给了另外两三家出版商。同样的结果！A.normal正常的；B.desired期望得到的；C.same一样的；D.satisfying令人满意的。 根据上文"I sent it to two or three other publishers."和results后的感叹号可知，作者接连投稿两三家出版社，都得到一样的结果（被拒绝），故选C。 4.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我把小说收了起来。A.cut out切断；B.bumt up烧毁；C.tore apart撕碎；D.put away放置暂时不用。根据下文"But I couldn't stop 5 "可知,作者是把小说收起来了,但是并没有停止写作。故选D. 5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我没有停止写作。A.thinking认为；B.crying哭泣；C.writing写作；D.complaining抱怨。根据下文"In a few years, I focused on my skills and 6 a few more with agencies."可知, 几年后, 我专注于自己的技能, 所以作者没有停止写作。故选C。 6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，我专注于自己的技能，并与代理商一起又发行了一些作品。A.translated翻译；B.released发行；C.edited编细；D.revised修正. 根据上文"After the publication of my first two books"可知， 作者出版了两部书，是位作家，因此推断此处表示与代理机构一起又发行了几部作品。故选B。 7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，一位出版商问："你还有别的吗？"是的，我有—《狼的夏天》。A.publisher出版商；B.follower追随者：C.reporter记者：D.reader读者。根上文"I sent my publisher Summer of the Wolves."可知.出版商在询问作者。故选A。 8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，她建议我用第一人称重写。A.excused赦免；B.allowed允许；C.suggested建议；D.appreciated感激。 根据下文"It had been written in two voices in third person."可知，作者原本是用第三人称写的， 现在出版商建议作者改用第一人称来重写稿子，故选C。 9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此；这对我来说是相当大的工作量。A.proper合适的；B.exact确切的；C.small小型的；D.fair公平的。根据下文"It had been written in two voices in third person."可知，作者原本是用第三人称写的，由于要全文修改人称，对作者来说这是相当大的工作量，fair可构成搭配a fair amount of "相当量的……"。故选D. 10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我愿意接受挑战。A.challenge挑战；B.reality真实；C.risk危险；D.credit信用。根据前文的"It had been written in two voices in third person. Therefore, that was a(n) 9 amount of work to me."可知，作者虽然觉得工作量大，但还是决定接受挑战，固定搭配take the challenge"接受挑战"，故选A。 11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，当这本书出版时，她向我表示祝贺，井请我再写一本。A.comforted安慰；B.congratulated祝贺；C.instructed指示;D.bothered费心。 根据下文"when it was published and asked me to write another one"可知,两个月后作者的稿子被出版了，出版商祝贺作者，故选B。 12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不敢相信成功在敲我的门。A.success成功；B.wealth财富；C.fame名誉；D.courage勇气。根据上文"Two months later, she 11 me when it was published and asked me to write another one."可知, 作者的书成功发行, 即获得了成功。故选A。 13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不是一个很有天赋的人，但我很努力。A.clever聪明的；B.hard努力的；C.fast快的；D.strict严厉的。根据上文"I am not a great talent"（我不是一个很有天赋的人）再结合转折连词but以及下文的"I've published 11 novels but written l5."可知，作者虽然没天赋但是很努力。故选B。 14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他四本人能见到光明吗？A.feel感受到；B.reflect反射；C.see看见；D.absorb吸收。由上文"I've published II novels but written 15."可知作者共写了15本书，出版了11本， 因此还有4本没能得见天日，see the light of day表示这一含义，故选C。 15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坚持工作，永不放弃。这是一场马拉松，不是短跑。A.marathon马拉松赛跑；B.lesson一节课；C.competition竞争；D.transformation变化。根据下文"a short race"可知，与短跑对应的应是马拉松。结尾用一个比喻来表达勤奋坚持的重要性，写作正如马拉松一样需要坚持，故选A。 第二节 答案：shaping; provides; where; filled; endless; and; issues; be seen; actually; on/upon 解析：本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了高中生的生活及学习。高中学习中既有好的一面也有其不好的一面,作者也由此提出了一些建议。 ①考查非谓语动词。根据句子中的介词in可知,介词后跟动词的现在分词形式做其宾语,故填shaping。 ②考查主谓一致。主语为A school,为单数,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数,故填provides。 ③考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,先行词为a place,在定语从句中充当的是地点状语,所以选用关系副词引导,故填where。 ④考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,谓语动词为can make,空处做非谓语,它的逻辑主语是student, fill和主语之间为动宾关系,故填filled。be filled with表示"充满"。 ⑤考查形容词。句意:这个列表是永无止境的。根据句意可知,此处应填形容词做表语,故填endless。 ⑥考查固定搭配。both...and...为固定搭配,意为"……和……都"。本句中连接两个形容词harmful和effective,应填and。 ⑦考查名词单复数。"and poor decision making and outcomes"中 outcomes为复数形式,and连接并列名词,issue为可数名词,所以用复数形式issues。 ⑧考查被动语态。it指代的是"peer pressure", see与it 之间为动宾关系,且see在情态动词can后面,用动词原形,故填be seen。 ⑨考查副词。空处修饰动词affect,用副词形式,故填actually。 ⑩考查固定搭配。have an effect on/upon固定搭配,意为"对……有影响"。故填on/upon。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 【北师大版选择性必修四】Unit 10 Connections 单元整合训练（原卷版） 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A    Australians are pretty (大胆的) when it comes to humor. Not afraid of saying something insulting (冒犯的) in the name of a good laugh, they generally don't hold back. This is always done in fun, however.     You get yourself a haircut before going to meet your new Aussie friend. You're expecting to be praised, but what you hear is, "Did you have a fight with a lawnmower(割草机)?'' You might take this as an insult, but it's just your friend's way of saying that you've had a haircut.     Your friend comes knocking at your bedroom door one morning to tell you're late for class. You were up studying late the night before and you look a mess. Your friend thinks you need to put a brush through your hair before leaving, but instead of just saying so he says, "Wow. Your hair looks like a bush pig's arse.'' He's trying to be nice.     Australia is one of cultures on this planet where making fun of someone is a sign of friendship. If you find yourself being made fun of lots, it could be that you've scored yourself a whole lot of new friends. Consider yourself lucky — these insults are all part of building a relationship.     Australians also use a lot of sarcasm(讽刺). You foolishly say something that's obvious(明显的). For example, "A six pack of beer is named after the number of beers you get in the pack, the number being six.'' A normal answer would be, "That is the most obvious statement I've ever heard", but an Australian would say, "Really? You're so clever".     Now let's say your teacher tells you that there will be a test the following day. Australians might say, "Great. I can't wait to add preparing for a test to my already long to-do list. Thank you for this gift." 1. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, Australians try to be humorous _____. A. by telling funny jokes B. by making fun of friends C. by laughing at themselves D. by showing unfriendliness 2. What do Australians want to express by saying "Thank you for this gift." in the last paragraph? A. Dislike. B. Worry. C. Gladness. D. Thankfulness. 3. How is the text mainly developed? A. By telling stories. B. By making comparisons. C. By providing examples. D. By examining differences. B The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated. While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared. Do we want to copy—or even worsen-the traffic of today with driveress cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport---an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing services. A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues. But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology. Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it. 1. According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless cars can ________. A. help deal with transportation-related problems B. provide better services to customers C. cause damage to our environment D. make some people lose jobs 2. As for driverless cars, what is the author's major concern? A. Safety. B. Side effects. C. Management. D. Affordability. 3. What does the underlined word "fielded" in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Replaced. B. Employed. C. Shared. D. Reduced. 4. What is the authors attitude to the future of self-driving cars? A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Disapproving. D. Positive. C On December 17, 1903, two men flew. They were brothers from Dayton, Ohio, and they owned a bicycle shop. They had attended school, but neither had graduated from high school. Their names were Wilbur and Orville Wright. Before they built the plane they studied all that was known about flying. They built a wind tunnel（风洞）and tested many wings. Then they drew plans and built carefully. When they flew, it was from Kill Devil Hillat Kitty Hawk. That day, Orville won the toss（投）of a coin. He got to fly first. Wilbur ran beside him；the plane lifted a few feet above the sand and stayed in the air for 17 seconds. The brothers flew four flights that day. The longest lasted 59 seconds. The men from the lifeboat station had taken a picture. The headlines in the morning newspaper in nearby Norfolk told of the flight, but most of the details in the story were wrong. The brothers were worried, but it didn't matter: no one paid attention. And other newspapers didn't carry the story. Orville and Wilbur went home and set to improve（改进）their plane. In 1904 newspaper reporters came to see for themselves. The Wright brothers checked and tested everything again and again. When the reporters arrived, the brothers were having mechanical problems with the plane. The reporters stayed two days. The Wright brothers wouldn't fly on those days；the plane wasn't ready. The reporters left. One writer did stay and see them fly. He wrote down the first long article about the Wright brothers' flight in a beekeepers' magazine! In 1908, in Virginia, Orville showed Americans that people could fly. The crowd of watchers rushed forward shouting as loudly as they could and couldn't believe what they saw. 1. What can we learn about the Wright brothers? A. They started to build a plane in 1903. B. They studied very well in high school. C. They invented different kinds of wings. D. They were the owners of a bicycle shop. 2. Why did Orville get to fly the plane first? A. He won after throwing a coin. B. He was asked to do that by Wilbur. C. He could run faster than Wilbur did D. He had more courage than Wilbur did 3. The newspaper article about their first flight_________. A. was widely discussed B. got most details wrong C. made the Wrights very happy D. was carried by many other newspapers 4. Why did the Wright brothers fail to fly on the first few days after the reporters arrived in 1904? A. They needed to fix the plane. B. They didn't get enough support. C. They were expecting more reporters. D. They didn't think the weather was suitable enough. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication     In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. ①_________. It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.     Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. ②_________, encouraging better and more frequent communication.     In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. ③_________. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve (曲线). The good news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort.     There is also the matter of tone (语气). Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? ④_________. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.     ⑤_________, and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you'll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture. A. Messages with emojis feel more conversational B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 After the publication of my first two books, I sent my publisher Summer of the Wolves. I'd written it with great passion, filled with 1 . But the publisher 2 it. I sent it to two or three other publishers. The 3 results! I thought this novel must be really bad and cried for three days. I 4 the novel. But I couldn't stop 5 . In a few years, I focused on my skills and 6 a few more with agencies. One day, a 7 asked, "Do you have anything else?" And yes, I did- -Summer of the Wolves. "Send it to me," she said. So I did. A few weeks later, she 8 my rewriting it in first person. It had been written in two voices in third person. Therefore, that was a(n) 9 amount of work to me. But I was willing to take the 10 . Two months later, she 11 me when it was published and asked me to write another one. I couldn't believe 12 was knocking at my door. I am not a great talent, but I am a 13 worker. I've published 11 novels but written 15. Will those other four ever 14 the light of day? I hope so. I keep working and never give up. It is a 15 not a short race. 1. A. strength B. confidence C. imagination D. gratitude 2. A. admired B. delayed C. accepted D. rejected 3. A. normal B. desired C. same D. satisfying 4. A. cut out B. burnt up C. tore apart D. put away 5. A. thinking B. crying C. writing D. complaining 6. A. translated B. released C. edited D. revised 7. A. publisher B. follower C. reporter D. reader 8. A. excused B. allowed C. suggested D. appreciated 9. A. proper B. exact C. small D. fair 10. A. challenge B. reality C. risk D. credit 11. A. comforted B. congratulated C. instructed D. bothered 12. A. success B. wealth C. fame D. courage 13. A. clever B. hard C. fast D. strict 14. A. feel B. reflect C. see D. absorb 15. A. marathon B. lesson C. competition D. transformation 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     High school years are a large part in ①_________(shape) the person you are going to become. A school often ②_________ (provide) education for you, and it can also be a place ③_________ you can develop relationships with many different people, join clubs, and participate in a variety of different sports. These years can make you become a high school student ④_________ (fill) with many different emotions, including happiness, anger, sadness, envy, loneliness, stress, and a numerous amount more. This is also a time when peer (同龄人) pressure is most commonly put upon a vast majority of teens.     Peer pressure is the influence from members of one's peer group. This can include influencing another to drink, smoke, cheat on a test, lie, skip class, and etc. The list is ⑤_________ (end). Peer pressure at high school is both harmful ⑥_________ effective because it can lead to teen depression, high stress levels, negative behavior ⑦_________ (issue), and poor decision making and outcomes.     Despite the fact that peer pressure is most commonly seen as a very negative issue, it can ⑧_________ (see) positively in some situations. This can involve pressuring your peers to avoid drugs, be honest, avoid alcohol, respect others, work hard, exercise, be kind, be responsible, and more. Friends and peer ⑨_________ (actual) affect the choices you make. Choosing to have good friends can have a very strong effect ⑩_________ you. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$