专题06 单元语法考点过关-2024-2025学年七年级英语下册期末冲刺专题复习(译林版2024)

专题六 单元语法考点过关 目录 语法一丨基数词与序数词丨4个考点 语法二丨一般将来时丨7个考点 语法三丨冠词丨8个考点 语法四丨方位介词丨8个考点 语法五丨名词所有格丨4个考点 语法六丨物主代词丨2个考点 语法七丨形容词丨4个考点 语法八丨情态动词丨3个考点 语法九丨复合不定代词丨3个考点 语法十丨感叹句丨2个考点 语法十一丨一般过去时丨3个考点 语法一 基数词与序数词 考点【1】 易错拼写： five-five, twelve-twelfth, nine-ninth, nineteen-nineteenth, ninety-ninetieth, four-fourth, fourteen-fourteenth, forty-fortieth... 1 December is the ______ (twelve) month of the year. 2 My birthday is on the ______ (forty) day of this year. 3 We celebrated her ______ (nineteen) birthday yesterday. 考点【2】 读法： 1000 以上的基数词的表示法。先从右至左数，每三位数加一个逗号 (即以此把数目分为若干段)。第一个逗号前的数为thousand (千)，第二个逗号前的数为million (百万)，第三个逗号前的数为billion (十亿)，然后一段一段地数 1 How do you read the number 139,873? A. one hundred and thirty-nine thousand eight hundred seventy-three B. one hundred and thirty-nine thousand eight hundred and seventy-three C. one hundred thirty-nine thousand seven hundred eighty-three D. one hundred and thirty thousand nine hundred eighty-three 2 Choose the correct English expression for 440,886,332. A. four hundred and forty million eight hundred eighty-six thousand three hundred and thirty-two B. four hundred and forty million eight hundred and eighty-six thousand three hundred and thirty-two C. four hundred forty million eight hundred eighty thousand three hundred thirty-two D. four hundred forty million eight hundred eighty-six thousand three hundred two 考点【3】 大数的表达： ①hundreds of数百，成百上千；thousands of数千，成千上万；millions of数百万； hundreds of thousands of 数十万，这些短语后加名词复数 ②数字+hundred/thousand/million，后加名词复数 ③数字+hundred/thousand/million+of+范围 表示“其中的...” 1 ______ the books in this library are about science. A. Three thousand of B. Three thousands C. Thousands of D. Three thousands of 2 It is said that ______ people watched the live concert online. A. two millions B. two million of C. millions of D. two millions of 3 We need ______ dollars to complete the project. A. three hundred of B. three hundreds C. three hundreds of D. three hundred 考点【4】 序数词运用： 1 序数词后加不定式to do 2 序数词须有the/one’s/形物代等 3 分数：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子＞1，分母加s 1 She was the first ______ (arrive) at the meeting yesterday. 2 About two ______ (five) of the water was polluted. 3 He won ______ (one) prize in the invention competition. 语法二 一般将来时 考点【1】 两种结构：will do；be going to do 1 I ______ (buy) some tickets for the concert online tomorrow morning, but I’m not sure whether they will be available then. 2 Our school football team ______ (play) against Team Sunshine this weekend. Many students are looking forward to watching the match. 考点【2】 shall do仅用于主语是第一人称（I或we）时，表示建议 1 —______ I help you carry the box? —Yes, please. It’s too heavy. A. Will B. Do C. Let’s D. Shall 考点【3】 根据某种迹象推测可能会发生的情况，用be going to do 1 Look at those dark clouds! It ______________ (rain) soon. 2 Look! The floor is so wet. Someone ______________ (fall) down! 考点【4】 确定会发生的情况，用will do 1 Tom is 10 years old, and he ________ (be) eleven next year. 2 The green leaves ________ (turn) brown when autumn comes. 考点【5】 there be句型的一般将来时： there will be；there is/are going to be 1 There ______ (be) a sports meeting in our school next month. 2 There ______ (be) a concert in the theater tonight, isn’t there? 考点【6】 if引导条件状语从句，until/when等引导时间状语从句：主将从现 1 If it rains tomorrow, we ______ (put) off the picnic. 2 I ______ (not leave) the office until my boss comes back. 3 When he returns the books to the library, she ______ (borrow) some new ones. 考点【7】 趋向性go, leave, come等，用进行时表示将来 1 Look! The train ______ (leave). We have to wait for the next one. 2 — Where is Tom? — He ______ (come). Wait a minute, please. 语法三 冠词 考点【1】 an与a的区别： 以发音的第一个音素判断 1 It took him ______ hour to finish the homework. （a/an） 2 There is ______ "m" in the word "example". 考点【2】 不定冠词用于序数词： 表示“又一、再一”，eg: drink a second cup of juice再喝一杯果汁，a third time又一次 1 Tom, you did so well. Could you answer ______ third question? A. a B. an C. the D. / 2 She has bought a new shirt. Now she wants to buy ______ fourth one. A. a B. an C. the D. / 考点【3】 定冠词the表示特指前文出现的人或物，或双方已知的人或物 1 After buying a book online, Lisa found that ______ cover was dirty. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2 — I’m going to ______ library to return these books. — Oh, is ______ library on Park Street still open now? A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a 考点【4】 定冠词the表示独一无二的人或物 1 We can see ______ moon clearly in the sky tonight. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2 ______ sun rises in ______ east. A. /, the B. an, the C. the,the D. the, ./ 考点【5】 序数词、最高级前： 须有定冠词the，若由his/my/Tom’s等词时，不再加the 1 She made _____ her first try to climb the mountain yesterday, and it was _____ best effort (努力) she could make. A. the; the B. /; the C. the; a D. a; the 2 This is ______ most difficult problem I’ve ever solved, but it is not ______ Tom’s biggest challenge. A. the; / B. a; the C. /; the D. the; the 考点【6】 the+形容词，表示“一类人”，看作复数 the+姓氏复数，表示一家人，看作复数 1 The poor in this area ______ (have) to face many problems. 2 The Smiths __________ (be) going to visit the museum this weekend. 考点【7】 语言、学科、三餐、球类、季节、月份等前不加冠词 1.— What does your sister do? — She teaches ______ in a school. She also likes playing ______ after work. A. Chinese; the basketball B. the Chinese; basketball C. Chinese; basketball D. the Chinese; the basketball 2 — What do you usually do in ______ ? — I often go swimming. The weather is hot. A. a summer B. the summer C. summer D. summers 3 After hiking, we sat under a tree and enjoyed ______ lunch. A. a B. an C. the D. / 考点【8】 固定搭配 1 —My son practices playing ______ piano for two hours every day. —No wonder he won first prize in the competition. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2To catch the early bus, David left home ______ hurry without breakfast. A. a B. an C. the D. / 语法四 方位介词 考点【1】 through与across： through表示“内部穿过”；across表示“表面穿过”，横跨 1.The sunlight shone ______ the leaves, creating a beautiful pattern on the ground. A.through B.across C.over D.below 2.The old man walked slowly ______ the busy street with the help of a cane. A.through B.across C.over D.along 考点【2】 介词across与动词cross： 区别词性；cross的过去式是crossed 1 The little boy looked both ways before he ______ the road. A. cross B. across C. crossing D. crossed 2 It took them two hours to swim ______ the wide river. A. cross B. across C. crossing D. crossed 考点【3】 介词past与动词pass 表示“旁边经过” 区别词性；pass的过去式是passed 1 The runner ______ my house so quickly that I hardly saw his face. A. passed B. past C. passing D. to pass 2 The old man walked slowly ______ the bus stop with a walking stick. A. pass B. passed C. past D. through 考点【4】 易错：below与above 常见考查：温度、楼层、架子层等；eg: two floors below my house, above zero, 1.The temperature is ______ zero, so we need to wear warm clothes. A.below B.above C.over D.under 2 Our classroom is on the third floor, and the teachers’ office is ______ us. A.above B.on C.over D.below 考点【5】 in front of与in the front of in front of表示“在外部的前面”，in the front of表示“在内部的前面” 1 Don’t park your bike ______ the gate. It blocks the way. A. in front of B. in the front of C. at front of D. on the front of 2 The teacher’s desk is ______ the classroom so that everyone can see her. A. in front of B. in the front of C. at front of D. on the front of 考点【6】 against的多种含义 反对；倚靠；违反；对阵、对抗；抵御、防止... 1.Our class will play ______ the team from No. 2 Middle School in the basketball match tomorrow. A.on B.over C.against D.with 2 The picture looks nice ______ the white wall. A.against B.on C.over D.below 3 She leaned ______ the window, looking out thoughtfully. A.against B.on C.over D.above 4 You are not allowed to go out if you are ______ the school rules. A.for B.against C.on D.with 考点【7】 介词后、动词后加宾格 1 The secret is only between you and ______ (I). 2 Our teacher asked Tom and ______ (we) to clean the classroom after school. 考点【8】 易错：over 越过；覆盖；超过；遍及；在……上方（架空） 1 The plane is flying ______ the mountains now. A. on B. above C. over D. under 2 She put a blanket ______ the sleeping baby to keep him warm. A. above B. over C. under D. beside 3 We put a large umbrella ______ the picnic table to keep off the sun. A. above B. over C. under D. across 语法五 名词所有格 考点【1】 复数名词所有格 以s结尾的复数名词，所有格加’；不以s结尾的复数名词，所有格加’s 1 These books are for the ______ (child) reading club. 2 Teachers are checking the ______ (student) homework now. 3 The ______ (mouse) tails are surprisingly long. 4 The school held a special event for ______ (Teachers) Day yesterday. 考点【2】 以s结尾的单数名词所有格： James’s office，the boss’s name 1 As a fan of classic literature, I enjoy reading ______ (Charles) novels very much. 2 The decision must be approved by ______ (boss) secretary (秘书) before next Monday. This prize is for the ______ (actress) great work. 考点【3】 共同所有与分别所有: 共同所有在最后一个名词后用所有格；分别所有在各个名词后用所有格 1 ______ uniforms are blue, but ______ are red. A. Boys’ and girls’; teachers’ B. Boys and girls’; teachers C. Boys’ and girls; teachers’ D. Boys and girls; teachers 2 This is ______ bedroom. They decorated it together. A. Lily and Lucy’s B. Lily’s and Lucy’s C. Lilys and Lucys D. Lilys’ and Lucys’ 考点【4】 双重所有格：... of +名物代/所有格 1. This is one of the friends of ______ (I). 2. The book is a copy of ______ (she). 3. The house is of the ______ (teacher). 语法六 形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词 考点【1】 形物代与名物代： 形物代后需加名词；名物代后不加名词 1 Look at the two cakes. The big one is ______ (we), and the small one is ______ (they). 2 Is this ______ (you) book or ______ (they)? 语法七 形容词的用法 考点【1】 作表语：系动词后 作定语：名词前 1 The ______ (noise) street made it hard to sleep.​ 2 The milk in the bottle smells ______ (badly).​ 3 The movie we watched last night was ______ (amaze).​ 4 There are many ______ (color) flowers in the garden.​ 考点【2】 副词修饰动作；副词修饰整个句子；副词修饰形容词或副词表示程度 形容词转化成副词： +ly: careful→carefully y-i+ly: happy→happily le-ly: comfortable→comfortably true→truly 1. The girl finished her homework ______ (quiet). 2. _______ (Sudden), he stood up and left. 3. The cat ______ (lazy) walked in the sun. 4 ______ (luck), the old man wasn’t hurt in the car accident. 5 She spoke ______ (real) quickly, so I couldn’t catch her words. 考点【3】 多个形容词的顺序： 口诀：观点→尺寸→形状→新旧→颜色→来源→材料→用途→名词 1 Alice has ___________. A. long lovely blonde hair B. lovely long blonde hair C. blonde lovely long hair D. hair lovely long blonde 2 We need a _______ box. A. big old blue metal B. old big blue metal C. blue big old metal D. metal big old blue 3. —What would you like? —______. A. an expensive square leather sofa B. a square expensive leather sofa C. a leather expensive square sofa D. an expensive leather square sofa 考点【4】 后缀-ed/-ing的形容词区别： -ed指人的感受，excited，relaxed... -ing指给人的感受，使人……的，amazing，surprising... 1 The movie was so ______ (bore) that I fell asleep. 2 She was very ______ (excite) when she heard the news. 语法八 情态动词can/could/may 考点【1】 表示能力时，can的过去式是could，也可以与be able to do转化 1 He ______ speak English when he was five. A. can B. could C. can able to D. is able to 2 —Could you finish the work on time last night? —No, I ______. A. can B. could C. was able to D. couldn’t 考点【2】 Could you/I ...?中could表示请求或许可的委婉语气，不是过去式，回答用can，不用could 1 —Could you help me carry the box? —Sorry, I ______. I’m too busy now. A. can’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 2. —Could I use your phone to make a call? —Yes, of course you ______. A. could B. can C. would D. should 考点【3】 表示可能性：can’t不可能；may not可能不、不一定 1 The boy looks so young. He ______ be a middle school student. A. can’t B. may not C. should D. need 2 The answer ______ be wrong. I double-checked it three times. A. can’t B. may not C. needn’t D. wouldn’t 3 —Will Lisa come to the party tonight? —I’m not sure. She ______ have time because of her busy work. A. may not B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 语法九 复合不定代词 考点【1】 作主语看作三单 1. Everyone in our class ______ (read) a book now. 2. Something ______ (seem) to be wrong with my computer. 考点【2】 定语后置： 不定式：something to eat else：anything else 形容词：nothing important 1 There is ______ wrong with my phone. It can’t work properly. A. new something B. something new C. anything wrong D. something wrong 2 Do you have ______ to share with us? A. something else B. else anything C. nothing else D. anything else 3 I need ______. Could you give me a glass of water? A. something cold to drink B. anything cold drinking C. anything cold to drink D. something cold drinking 考点【3】 nothing/nobody与none： nothing指物，nobody指人； none指数量，指某个具体名词的数量，才能用none 1. The teacher asked if ______ of us had finished the homework. A. none B. nobody C. nothing D. no one 2 There is ______ left in the bottle. A. none B. nobody C. nothing D. no one 3 — Is there anything in the box? — ______, but some papers. A. Nothing B. None C. Nobody D. No one 语法十 感叹句 考点【1】 how与what的选择： How+形容词/副词+主谓+其它！What+名词短语+主谓+其他！ 1 ______ beautiful the flowers are in the garden! A. How a B. What a C. How D. What 2 ______ nice music she is playing! A. How B. What C. What a D. How a 3 ______ interesting book it is! A. How B. What C. What an D. So 考点【2】 感叹句中的词形、词性变化与动词填空： 区分原句结构是关键 1 What fun _____ (swim) in the river is! 2 How _____ (amazing) the magic show is! 3 What fun it is _____ (have) an art festival! 4 How _____ (terrible) he sings! 语法十一 一般过去时 考点【1】 根据时间状语判断： last Sunday; yesterday morning；two days ago，just now，in the past等 1 Tom ______ (visit) the science museum with his class yesterday. 2 She ______ (not sleep) well last night because of the noise outside. 3 — ______ you ______ to Shanghai during the summer vacation? — Yes, I went there with my family. A. Have; been B. Did; go C. Do; go D. Are; going 考点【2】 结合语境判断 1 — Why are you so upset? — I ______ (forget) to bring my homework to school! 2 The teacher was angry because half of the class ______ (not finish) the project. 3 — Where is your watch? — Oh no! I ______ (lose) it during the basketball game. 考点【3】 不规则动词过去式（参见书本不规则动词表） 1 He ______ (fall) off his bike and ______ (hurt) his knee. 2 The vase ______ (break) when it fell off the table. 3 He ______ (feel) sick after eating too much ice cream. 4 Last winter, she ______ (wear) a red coat to the party. 第 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题六 单元语法考点过关 目录 语法一丨基数词与序数词丨4个考点 语法二丨一般将来时丨7个考点 语法三丨冠词丨8个考点 语法四丨方位介词丨8个考点 语法五丨名词所有格丨4个考点 语法六丨物主代词丨2个考点 语法七丨形容词丨4个考点 语法八丨情态动词丨3个考点 语法九丨复合不定代词丨3个考点 语法十丨感叹句丨2个考点 语法十一丨一般过去时丨3个考点 语法一 基数词与序数词 考点【1】 易错拼写： five-five, twelve-twelfth, nine-ninth, nineteen-nineteenth, ninety-ninetieth, four-fourth, fourteen-fourteenth, forty-fortieth... 1 December is the ______ (twelve) month of the year. 【答案】twelfth 【解析】句意：十二月是一年中的第十二个月。基数词twelve变为序数词需去ve加fth → twelfth。 2 My birthday is on the ______ (forty) day of this year. 【答案】fortieth 【解析】句意：我的生日是今年的第四十天。基数词forty变序数词需改y为ie加th → fortieth。 3 We celebrated her ______ (nineteen) birthday yesterday. 【答案】nineteenth 【解析】句意：我们昨天庆祝了她的十九岁生日。基数词nineteen变序数词直接加th → nineteenth。 考点【2】 读法： 1000 以上的基数词的表示法。先从右至左数，每三位数加一个逗号 (即以此把数目分为若干段)。第一个逗号前的数为thousand (千)，第二个逗号前的数为million (百万)，第三个逗号前的数为billion (十亿)，然后一段一段地数 1 How do you read the number 139,873? A. one hundred and thirty-nine thousand eight hundred seventy-three B. one hundred and thirty-nine thousand eight hundred and seventy-three C. one hundred thirty-nine thousand seven hundred eighty-three D. one hundred and thirty thousand nine hundred eighty-three 2 Choose the correct English expression for 440,886,332. A. four hundred and forty million eight hundred eighty-six thousand three hundred and thirty-two B. four hundred and forty million eight hundred and eighty-six thousand three hundred and thirty-two C. four hundred forty million eight hundred eighty thousand three hundred thirty-two D. four hundred forty million eight hundred eighty-six thousand three hundred two 【答案】1 B 2 B 考点【3】 大数的表达： ①hundreds of数百，成百上千；thousands of数千，成千上万；millions of数百万； hundreds of thousands of 数十万，这些短语后加名词复数 ②数字+hundred/thousand/million，后加名词复数 ③数字+hundred/thousand/million+of+范围 表示“其中的...” 1 ______ the books in this library are about science. A. Three thousand of B. Three thousands C. Thousands of D. Three thousands of 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这个图书馆里有三千本书是关于科学的。当表示“其中特定的一部分”时，需用“具体数字 + thousand/hundred + of + 限定范围” 结构（如 three thousand of the books）。故选A。 2 It is said that ______ people watched the live concert online. A. two millions B. two million of C. millions of D. two millions of 【答案】C 【解析】句意：据说数百万人在线观看了这场演唱会。millions of 表泛指“数百万的”（非精确数字），符合句意。故选C。 3 We need ______ dollars to complete the project. A. three hundred of B. three hundreds C. three hundreds of D. three hundred 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我们需要三百美元来完成这个项目。具体数字（three）后直接接量词（hundred）且不加 s 和 of（即 three hundred dollars）。故选D。 考点【4】 序数词运用： 1 序数词后加不定式to do 2 序数词须有the/one’s/形物代等 3 分数：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子＞1，分母加s 1 She was the first ______ (arrive) at the meeting yesterday. 【答案】to arrive 【解析】句意：她是昨天第一个到达会议的人。序数词（first）后接不定式作定语，表“第几个做某事”，故填to arrive。 2 About two ______ (five) of the water was polluted. 【答案】fifths 【解析】句意：大约五分之二的水被污染了。分子是two，分母用five的序数词的复数fifths，故填fifths。 3 He won ______ (one) prize in the invention competition. 【答案】the first 【解析】句意：他在发明比赛中获得一等奖。序数词（first）前需加定冠词the，表特指，故填the first。 语法二 一般将来时 考点【1】 两种结构：will do；be going to do 1 I ______ (buy) some tickets for the concert online tomorrow morning, but I’m not sure whether they will be available then. 【答案】will buy/am going to buy 【解析】句意：明天早上我将在网上购买一些音乐会的票，但我不确定那时是否还有票。根据 “tomorrow morning（明天早上）” 可知，买票是将来要进行的动作，故用一般将来时，故填 will buy/am going to buy。 2 Our school football team ______ (play) against Team Sunshine this weekend. Many students are looking forward to watching the match. 【答案】will play/is going to play 【解析】句意：本周末我们学校的足球队将与阳光队比赛。许多学生都期待着观看这场比赛。根据 “this weekend（本周末）” 可知，比赛是将来要发生的事情，故用一般将来时，故故填 will play/is going to play。 考点【2】 shall do仅用于主语是第一人称（I或we）时，表示建议 1 —______ I help you carry the box? —Yes, please. It’s too heavy. A. Will B. Do C. Let’s D. Shall 【答案】D 【解析】句意：—需要我帮你搬这个箱子吗？—好的，它太重了。Shall I...? 是固定句型，用于主动提供帮助或征求意见（"我是否应该...？"）。故选D。 考点【3】 根据某种迹象推测可能会发生的情况，用be going to do 1 Look at those dark clouds! It ______________ (rain) soon. 【答案】is going to rain 【解析】句意：看那些乌云！马上就要下雨了。根据"Look at those dark clouds!"（观察到的迹象）可知，此处表示根据现有迹象推测即将发生的事，用be going to do结构。故填is going to rain。 2 Look! The floor is so wet. Someone ______________ (fall) down! 【答案】is going to fall 【解析】句意：看！地板这么湿。有人快要摔倒了！根据 "The floor is so wet"（地板湿滑的迹象）可推测即将发生危险，用 be going to do 结构表基于当前迹象的预测。故填 is going to fall。 考点【4】 确定会发生的情况，用will do 1 Tom is 10 years old, and he ________ (be) eleven next year. 【答案】will be 【解析】句意：Tom今年10岁，他明年将是11岁。动词be的原形，根据“next year”可知是将来确定的动作（年龄增长是自然规律），用“will + 动词原形”。故填will be。 2 Th green leaves ________ (turn) brown when autumn comes. 【答案】will turn 【解析】句意：当秋天到来时，绿叶将变成棕色。动词turn的原形，根据“when summer comes”可知是将来确定的动作（季节变化是自然现象），用“will + 动词原形”。故填will turn。 考点【5】 there be句型的一般将来时： there will be；there is/are going to be 1 There ______ (be) a sports meeting in our school next month. 【答案】will be/is going to be 【解析】句意：下个月我们学校将举行运动会。根据时间状语 “next month（下个月）” 可知，句子时态应为一般将来时，there be 句型的一般将来时结构为 “there will be”或“there is/are going to be”，表示将来某个时间存在某物。故填 will be/is going to be。 2 There ______ (be) a concert in the theater tonight, isn’t there? 【答案】is going to be 【解析】句意：今晚剧院将有一场音乐会。我打算去看。根据时间状语 “tonight（今晚）” 可知，句子时态是一般将来时，there be 句型的一般将来时可以用“there will be”或“there is/are going to be”，且根据“isn’t there”可知用there is/are going to be结构。故填 is going to be。 考点【6】 if引导条件状语从句，until/when等引导时间状语从句：主将从现 1 If it rains tomorrow, we ______ (put) off the picnic. 【答案】will put 【解析】句意：如果明天下雨，我们将把野餐推迟。由 if 引导的条件状语从句（it rains）使用了一般现在时表示将来。根据“主将从现”原则，主句需用一般将来时表示将要发生的动作。主语是 we，故用 will + 动词原形。故填 will put。 2 I ______ (not leave) the office until my boss comes back. 【答案】won’t leave / will not leave 【解析】句意：直到我的老板回来，我才会离开办公室。由 until 引导的时间状语从句（my boss comes back）使用了一般现在时表示将来。根据“主将从现”原则，主句需用一般将来时。故填 won’t leave 或 will not leave。 3 When he returns the books to the library, she ______ (borrow) some new ones. 【答案】will borrow 【解析】句意：当他把书还给图书馆时，她将借一些新书。由 when 引导的时间状语从句（he returns...）使用了一般现在时表示将来。根据“主将从现”原则，主句需用一般将来时表示将要发生的动作，故填 will borrow。 考点【7】 趋向性go, leave, come等，用进行时表示将来 1 Look! The train ______ (leave). We have to wait for the next one. 【答案】is leaving 【解析】句意：看！火车要开了。我们只好等下一班了。leave“离开”，根据语境可知此处表示火车即将离开，要用进行时表将来时，故填is leaving。 2 — Where is Tom? — He ______ (come). Wait a minute, please. 【答案】is coming 【解析】句意：—— 汤姆在哪里？—— 他马上就来。请稍等一会儿。come“来”，由语境可知此处表示动作即将发生，用现在进行时表示将来时，故填 is coming。 语法三 冠词 考点【1】 an与a的区别： 以发音的第一个音素判断 1 It took him ______ hour to finish the homework. （a/an） 【答案】an 【解析】句意：他花了一个小时完成作业。空格后单词 hour 发音为 /ˈaʊə(r)/，第一个音素是元音 /aʊ/，因此其前的不定冠词应用 an。注意：虽然 hour 以辅音字母 h 开头，但 h 不发音，单词的实际发音以元音音素开始。故填 an。 2 There is ______ "m" in the word "example". 【答案】an 【解析】句意：单词“example”里有一个“m”。空格后是字母 "m"。字母 m 的发音为 /em/，第一个音素是元音 /e/，因此其前的不定冠词应用 an。判断依据是字母本身的发音首音素。故填 an。 考点【2】 不定冠词用于序数词： 表示“又一、再一”，eg: drink a second cup of juice再喝一杯果汁，a third time又一次 1 Tom, you did so well. Could you answer ______ third question? A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】句意：汤姆，你已经做得很好了。你能再回答第三个问题吗？不定冠词（a）用于序数词前表示 “再一、又一”，此处指 “再回答一个（第三个）问题”，故选 A。 2 She has bought a new shirt. Now she wants to buy ______ fourth one. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她已经买了一件新衬衫。现在她想再买一件。不定冠词（a）用于序数词前表示 “再一、又一”，此处指 “再买一件（第五件）”，故选 A。 考点【3】 定冠词the表示特指前文出现的人或物，或双方已知的人或物 1 After buying a book online, Lisa found that ______ cover was dirty. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【解析】句意：网购一本书后，Lisa发现该书的封面弄脏了。空格后的"cover"指代前文已提到的"a book"（特指这本书的封面），需用定冠词the表特指。故选C。 2 — I’m going to ______ library to return these books. — Oh, is ______ library on Park Street still open now? A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“我要去图书馆还书。”“哦，帕克街的那家图书馆现在还开着吗？”第一空表示双方谈论的是说话者计划前往的特定图书馆（已知目标），用the表特指；第二空表示图书馆由“on Park Street”限定（双方已知的具体地点），需二次特指，仍用the。故选B。 考点【4】 定冠词the表示独一无二的人或物 1 We can see ______ moon clearly in the sky tonight. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【解析】句意：今晚我们能在天空中清晰地看到月亮。“月亮”(moon) 是地球唯一的天然卫星，属于 世界上独一无二的事物。因此，其前必须使用定冠词 the。故选C。 2 ______ sun rises in ______ east. A. /, the B. an, the C. the,the D. the, ./ 【答案】C 【解析】句意：太阳从东方升起。“太阳”(sun)属于世界上独一无二的事物，其前必须用the。“东方”(east)在这里指特定的方向概念（太阳升起的方向），也属于独一无二的方位，其前也必须用the。故选C。 考点【5】 序数词、最高级前： 须有定冠词the，若由his/my/Tom’s等词时，不再加the 1 She made _____ her first try to climb the mountain yesterday, and it was _____ best effort (努力) she could make. A. the; the B. /; the C. the; a D. a; the 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她昨天第一次试着去爬山，这是她所能做的最大努力。序数词first前本应加the，但此处被所有格代词her修饰，所有格后不加the（考点）。形容词最高级best前无所有格修饰，需加the特指。故选B。 2 This is ______ most difficult problem I’ve ever solved, but it is not ______ Tom’s biggest challenge. A. the; / B. a; the C. /; the D. the; the 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这是我解决过的最难的问题，但对汤姆来说还不是最大的挑战。形容词最高级most difficult前必须加the；biggest challenge（汤姆的最大挑战）被所有格Tom’s修饰，所有格后不加the，故用零冠词。故选A。 考点【6】 the+形容词，表示“一类人”，看作复数 the+姓氏复数，表示一家人，看作复数 1 The poor in this area ______ (have) to face many problems. 【答案】have 【解析】句意：这个地区的穷人面临许多问题。the+形容词 poor 表示“一类人”（穷人），看作复数，故动词用原形have。 2 The Smiths __________ (be) going to visit the museum this weekend. 【答案】are 【解析】句意：史密斯一家人这个周末要去参观博物馆。the+形式复数 Smiths 表示“一家人”，看作复数，故 be 动词用 are。 考点【7】 语言、学科、三餐、球类、季节、月份等前不加冠词 1.— What does your sister do? — She teaches ______ in a school. She also likes playing ______ after work. A. Chinese; the basketball B. the Chinese; basketball C. Chinese; basketball D. the Chinese; the basketball 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 你姐姐是做什么的？—— 她在一所学校教语文。下班后她还喜欢打篮球。学科 “Chinese（语文）” 前不加冠词；球类运动 “basketball（篮球）” 前也不加冠词，故选 C。 2 — What do you usually do in ______ ? — I often go swimming. The weather is hot. A. a summer B. the summer C. summer D. summers 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 你通常在夏天做什么？—— 我经常去游泳。天气很热。季节（summer）前不加冠词，故选 C。 3 After hiking, we sat under a tree and enjoyed ______ lunch. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【解析】句意：徒步后，我们坐在树下享用午餐。三餐前不加冠词。故选D。 考点【8】 固定搭配 1 —My son practices playing ______ piano for two hours every day. —No wonder he won first prize in the competition. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“我儿子每天练习弹钢琴两小时。”“难怪他在比赛中得了一等奖。”。乐器名称前需加定冠词the，如"play the piano"（弹钢琴）、"play the violin"（拉小提琴）。故选C。 2To catch the early bus, David left home ______ hurry without breakfast. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】句意：为了赶上早班车，David匆忙地离开家，没吃早餐。in a hurry（匆忙地）为固定短语，故选A。 语法四 方位介词 考点【1】 through与across： through表示“内部穿过”；across表示“表面穿过”，横跨 1.The sunlight shone ______ the leaves, creating a beautiful pattern on the ground. A.through B.across C.over D.below 【答案】A 【解析】句意：阳光透过树叶，在地面上形成了一个美丽的图案。shine through“透过”，强调光穿过物体（树叶），是固定搭配，故选A。 2.The old man walked slowly ______ the busy street with the help of a cane. A.through B.across C.over D.along 【答案】B 【解析】句意：老人拄着拐杖慢慢地走过繁忙的街道。walk across the street“横过街道”，表示从街道的一边走到另一边，是固定搭配，故选B。 考点【2】 介词across与动词cross： 区别词性；cross的过去式是crossed 1 The little boy looked both ways before he ______ the road. A. cross B. across C. crossing D. crossed 【答案】 D 【解析】句意：那个小男孩在过马路前看了看两边。从句主语是 he，宾语是 the road。主句谓语动词 looked 是一般过去时，从句动作（过马路）发生在主句动作（看两边）之后，也应用一般过去时。故选D。 2 It took them two hours to swim ______ the wide river. A. cross B. across C. crossing D. crossed 【答案】 B 【解析】句意：他们花了两个小时游过那条宽阔的河流。此处需要一个介词来连接动词 swim 和地点名词 the wide river，表示“游过...”。故选B。 考点【3】 介词past与动词pass： 表示“旁边经过” 区别词性；pass的过去式是passed 1 The runner ______ my house so quickly that I hardly saw his face. A. passed B. past C. passing D. to pass 【答案】A 【解析】句意：那个赛跑者跑得太快了，我几乎没看见他的脸。pass 是动词，意为“经过”，需在句中作谓语。空格后无介词（如by），需用动词过去式passed。故选A。 2 The old man walked slowly ______ the bus stop with a walking stick. A. pass B. passed C. past D. through 【答案】C 【解析】句意：老人拄着拐杖慢慢经过公交车站。past 作介词时意为“经过（某地点）”，后接地点名词（the bus stop），表空间上的经过。故选C。 考点【4】 易错：below与above 常见考查：温度、楼层、架子层等；eg: two floors below my house, above zero, 1.The temperature is ______ zero, so we need to wear warm clothes. A.below B.above C.over D.under 【答案】A 【解析】句意：温度在零下，所以我们需要穿暖和的衣服。below zero“零下”，表示温度低于零度，故选A。 2 Our classroom is on the third floor, and the teachers’ office is ______ us. A.above B.on C.over D.below 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们的教室在三楼，办公室在我们上面（四楼）。above表示“在…… 上方”，可用于表示楼层位置关系，故选A。 考点【5】 in front of与in the front of in front of表示“在外部的前面”，in the front of表示“在内部的前面” 1 Don’t park your bike ______ the gate. It blocks the way. A. in front of B. in the front of C. at front of D. on the front of 【答案】 A 【解析】句意：别把你的自行车停在大门前面。它挡道了。自行车是在大门外部的区域（大门外的空地），阻挡了进入大门的通道。故选A。 2 The teacher’s desk is ______ the classroom so that everyone can see her. A. in front of B. in the front of C. at front of D. on the front of 【答案】 B 【解析】句意：老师的讲台在教室的前部，这样每个人都能看见她。讲台是位于教室这个空间范围内部的最前面区域。故选B。 考点【6】 against的多种含义 反对；倚靠；违反；对阵、对抗；抵御、防止... 1.Our class will play ______ the team from No. 2 Middle School in the basketball match tomorrow. A.on B.over C.against D.with 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们班明天将在篮球比赛中和第二中学的队比赛。play against“与……比赛”，故选C。 2 The picture looks nice ______ the white wall. A.against B.on C.over D.below 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这幅画和白墙形成对比，看起来很漂亮。against 有“与……对比”的意思，故选A。 3 She leaned ______ the window, looking out thoughtfully. A.against B.on C.over D.above 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她靠着窗户，若有所思地望着外面。lean against“倚着”，故选A。 4 You are not allowed to go out if you are ______ the school rules. A.for B.against C.on D.with 【答案】B 【解析】句意：如果违反校规，你是不被允许外出的。against 有“违反”的意思，在此处符合题意，故选B。 考点【7】 介词后、动词后加宾格 The secret is only between you and ______ (I). 【答案】me 【解析】句意：这个秘密仅存在于你和我之间。between...and...是介词短语，用宾格。 2 Our teacher asked Tom and ______ (we) to clean the classroom after school. 【答案】us 【解析】句意：老师要求汤姆和我们放学后打扫教室。动词ask后加宾格。故填us。 考点【8】 易错：over 越过；覆盖；超过；遍及；在……上方（架空） 1 The plane is flying ______ the mountains now. A. on B. above C. over D. under 【答案】 C 【解析】句意：飞机正在飞越群山。描述飞机飞行路径，是从山脉的一侧飞到另一侧，强调跨越的动作和范围。故选C。 2 She put a blanket ______ the sleeping baby to keep him warm. A. above B. over C. under D. beside 【答案】 B 【解析】句意：她把一条毯子盖在熟睡的婴儿身上，让他暖和。毯子是为了保暖而盖在婴儿身上的，目的是“覆盖”婴儿的身体。故选B。 3 We put a large umbrella ______ the picnic table to keep off the sun. A. above B. over C. under D. across 【答案】 B 【解析】句意：我们把一把大伞在野餐桌上方，用来遮挡阳光。伞的目的是为了遮挡阳光，需要在桌子的上方。故选B。 语法五 名词所有格 考点【1】 复数名词所有格 以s结尾的复数名词，所有格加’；不以s结尾的复数名词，所有格加’s 1 These books are for the ______ (child) reading club. 【答案】children’s 【解析】句意：这些书是儿童阅读俱乐部的。"child"的复数形式为不规则变化 children；复数所有格在词尾加 ‘s → children’s。 2 Teachers are checking the ______ (student) homework now. 【答案】students’ 【解析】句意：老师们正在检查学生的作业。"student"的复数形式 students；以 -s 结尾的复数名词，所有格加 ‘ → students’。 3 The ______ (mouse) tails are surprisingly long. 【答案】mice’s 【解析】句意：老鼠的尾巴出奇地长。"mouse"的复数形式为不规则变化 mice；复数所有格在词尾加 ‘s → mice’s。 4 The school held a special event for ______ (Teachers) Day yesterday. 【答案】Teachers’ 【解析】句意：学校昨天为教师节举办了一场特别活动。Teachers 是规则复数名词（以-s结尾），所有格直接加 ‘ → Teachers’；Teachers’ Day（教师节）为固定节日名称，首字母大写。 考点【2】 以s结尾的单数名词所有格： James’s office，the boss’s name 1 As a fan of classic literature, I enjoy reading ______ (Charles) novels very much. 【答案】Charles’s 【解析】句意：作为经典文学爱好者，我非常喜欢读查尔斯的小说。单数人名 Charles 以 -s 结尾，其所有格形式直接在词尾加 ‘s。 2 The decision must be approved by ______ (boss) secretary (秘书) before next Monday. 【答案】boss’s 【解析】句意：该决定必须在下周一前得到老板的秘书批准。boss 以 -s 结尾，单数所有格直接加 ‘s。 This prize is for the ______ (actress) great work. 【答案】actress’s 【解析】句意：这个奖项是为了表彰女演员的出色表现。名词 actress（女演员）以 -s 结尾，单数所有格直接在词尾加 ‘。 考点【3】 共同所有与分别所有: 共同所有在最后一个名词后用所有格；分别所有在各个名词后用所有格 1 ______ uniforms are blue, but ______ are red. A. Boys’ and girls’; teachers’ B. Boys and girls’; teachers C. Boys’ and girls; teachers’ D. Boys and girls; teachers 【答案】A 【解析】句意：男生和女生的校服是蓝色的，但老师们的是红色的（两组分别所有）。男生与女生各自校服（可能同款不同色），用Boys’ and girls’（分别所有）；老师们多套校服，用复数所有格teachers’。故选A。 2 This is ______ bedroom. They decorated it together. A. Lily and Lucy’s B. Lily’s and Lucy’s C. Lilys and Lucys D. Lilys’ and Lucys’ 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这是Lily和Lucy的卧室，她们一起装修的（共同所有）。两人共享同一间卧室，用A. Lily and Lucy’s（只在Lucy后加所有格）。故选A。 考点【4】 双重所有格：... of +名物代/所有格 1. This is one of the friends of ______ (I). 【答案】mine 【解析】句意：这是我的一个朋友。双重所有格的构成是“... of + 名物代 / 所有格”，此处 “mine” 是名词性物主代词，相当于 “my friends”，故填mine。 2. The book is a copy of ______ (she). 【答案】hers 【解析】句意：这本书是她的一本复制品。双重所有格的构成是“... of + 名物代 / 所有格”，此处 “hers” 是名词性物主代词，相当于 “her book”，故填hers。 3. The house is of the ______ (teacher). 【答案】teacher’s 【解析】句意：这是老师的房子。双重所有格的构成是“... of + 名物代 / 所有格”，此处 “teacher’s” 是名词所有格，故填teacher’s。 语法六 形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词 考点【1】 形物代与名物代： 形物代后需加名词；名物代后不加名词 1 Look at the two cakes. The big one is ______ (we), and the small one is ______ (they). 【答案】ours; theirs 【解析】句意：看那两个蛋糕。大的那个是我们的，小的那个是他们的。we“我们”，此处需用名词性物主代词ours，指代“我们的蛋糕”；they“他们”，此处需用名词性物主代词theirs，指代“他们的蛋糕”，故填ours; theirs。 2 Is this ______ (you) book or ______ (they)? 【答案】your; theirs 【解析】句意：这是你的书还是他们的？you“你”，此处需用形容词性物主代词your修饰名词book；they“他们”，此处需用名词性物主代词theirs，指代“他们的书”，故填your; theirs。 语法七 形容词的用法 考点【1】 作表语：系动词后 作定语：名词前 1 The ______ (noise) street made it hard to sleep.​ 【答案】noisy​ 【解析】句意：嘈杂的街道让人难以入睡。此处需用形容词修饰名词 street，作定语，“noise” 的形容词形式为 “noisy”，表示 “嘈杂的”，故填 noisy。 2 The milk in the bottle smells ______ (badly).​ 【答案】bad​ 【解析】句意：瓶子里的牛奶闻起来坏了。“smells” 是感官系动词，后接形容词作表语，说明主语 “the milk” 的状态，“badly” 是副词，其形容词形式为 “bad”，故填 bad。​ 3 The movie we watched last night was ______ (amaze).​ 【答案】amazing​ 【解析】句意：我们昨晚看的电影很令人惊叹。“was” 是系动词，后接形容词作表语，描述主语 “the movie” 的特征，“amaze” 的形容词 “amazing” 表示 “令人惊叹的”，用于修饰物，故填 amazing。 4 There are many ______ (color) flowers in the garden.​ 【答案】colorful​ 【解析】句意：花园里有许多色彩鲜艳的花。需用形容词修饰名词 flowers，作定语，“color” 的形容词形式 “colorful” 表示 “色彩鲜艳的”，故填 colorful。 考点【2】 副词修饰动作；副词修饰整个句子；副词修饰形容词或副词表示程度 形容词转化成副词： +ly: careful→carefully y-i+ly: happy→happily le-ly: comfortable→comfortably true→truly 1. The girl finished her homework ______ (quiet). 【答案】quietly 【解析】句意：女孩安静地完成了作业。quiet“安静的”，此处修饰动词finished，需用副词形式，故填quietly。 2. _______ (Sudden), he stood up and left. 【答案】suddenly 【解析】句意：突然，他站起来离开了。sudden“突然的”，此处整个句子需用副词形式，故填Suddenly。 3. The cat ______ (lazy) walked in the sun. 【答案】lazily 【解析】句意：猫懒洋洋地在阳光下漫步。lazy“懒惰的”，此处修饰动词walked，需用副词形式，故填lazily。 4 ______ (luck), the old man wasn’t hurt in the car accident. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】 句意为“幸运的是，老人在车祸中没有受伤”。空格处需用副词修饰整个句子（表达对结果的庆幸），“lucky”的副词形式为“luckily”，句首大写。故填Luckily。 5 She spoke ______ (real) quickly, so I couldn’t catch her words. 【答案】really 【解析】 句意为“她说话真的很快，我跟不上她的话”。空格处需用副词修饰副词“quickly”（表示程度），“real”的副词形式为“really”。故填Really。 考点【3】 多个形容词的顺序： 口诀：观点→尺寸→形状→新旧→颜色→来源→材料→用途→名词 1 Alice has ___________. A. long lovely blonde hair B. lovely long blonde hair C. blonde lovely long hair D. hair lovely long blonde 【答案】B 【解析】正确顺序：观点（lovely）→尺寸（long）→颜色（blonde）→名词（hair）。故选B。 2 We need a _______ box. A. big old blue metal B. old big blue metal C. blue big old metal D. metal big old blue 【答案】A 【解析】正确顺序：尺寸（big）→新旧（old）→颜色（blue）→材料（metal）→名词（box）。故选A。 3. —What would you like? —______. A. an expensive square leather sofa B. a square expensive leather sofa C. a leather expensive square sofa D. an expensive leather square sofa 【答案】A 【解析】正确顺序：观点（expensive）→形状（square）→材料（leather）→名词（sofa）。故选A。 考点【4】 后缀-ed/-ing的形容词区别： -ed指人的感受，excited，relaxed... -ing指给人的感受，使人……的，amazing，surprising... 1 The movie was so ______ (bore) that I fell asleep. 【答案】boring 【解析】句意：这部电影太无聊了，我都睡着了。bore “使厌烦”，此处需用 -ing 形式的形容词 boring 来修饰物，表示 “令人无聊的”，故填 boring。 2 She was very ______ (excite) when she heard the news. 【答案】excited 【解析】句意：当她听到这个消息时，她非常兴奋。excite “使兴奋”，此处需用 -ed 形式的形容词 excited 来修饰人，表示 “感到兴奋的”，故填 excited。 语法八 情态动词can/could/may 考点【1】 表示能力时，can的过去式是could，也可以与be able to do转化 1 He ______ speak English when he was five. A. can B. could C. can able to D. is able to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他五岁时就会说英语了。表示过去的能力，could 是 can 的过去式，is able to 也表示现在的能力。故选B。 2 —Could you finish the work on time last night? —No, I ______. A. can B. could C. was able to D. couldn’t 【答案】D 【解析】句意：— 你做完能按时完成这项工作吗？— 不，我不能。couldn’t 是 can’t 的过去式，表示过去没有能力做到某事，用于否定回答，故选 D。 考点【2】 Could you/I ...?中could表示请求或许可的委婉语气，不是过去式，回答用can，不用could 1 —Could you help me carry the box? —Sorry, I ______. I’m too busy now. A. can’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—— 你能帮我搬这个箱子吗？—— 抱歉，我不能。我现在太忙了。问句中 could 表委婉语气，否定回答用 can’t（“不能”），而非 couldn’t（过去式），故选 A。 2. —Could I use your phone to make a call? —Yes, of course you ______. A. could B. can C. would D. should 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 我能用你的手机打个电话吗？—— 是的，当然可以。回答委婉请求时，肯定回答用 can，不用 could，体现语气直接，故选 B。 考点【3】 表示可能性：can’t不可能；may not可能不、不一定 1 The boy looks so young. He ______ be a middle school student. A. can’t B. may not C. should D. need 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这个男孩看起来太年轻了。他不可能是一名中学生。“looks so young” 表明从外貌判断，他“不太可能” 是中学生，是强烈的否定推测，应用 “can’t”。故选 A。 2 The answer ______ be wrong. I double-checked it three times. A. can’t B. may not C. needn’t D. wouldn’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这个答案不可能是错的。我检查了三遍。“double-checked it three times”说明答案的准确性极高，此处表示“强烈否定推测”，用 “can’t”。故选 A。 3 —Will Lisa come to the party tonight? —I’m not sure. She ______ have time because of her busy work. A. may not B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—— 丽莎今晚会来参加派对吗？—— 我不确定。因为工作繁忙，她可能没有时间。“not sure” 表明不确定丽莎是否有空，“may not” 表示 “可能不”，符合推测语气。故选 A。 语法九 复合不定代词 考点【1】 作主语看作三单 1. Everyone in our class ______ (read) a book now. 【答案】is reading 【解析】句意：现在我们班上的每个人都在读书。复合不定代词 everyone 作主语，视为第三人称单数，且根据 now 可知是现在进行时，故填 is reading。 2. Something ______ (seem) to be wrong with my computer. 【答案】seems 【解析】句意：我的电脑好像出问题了。复合不定代词 something 作主语，视为第三人称单数，且描述一般情况，用一般现在时，故填 seems。 考点【2】 定语后置： 不定式：something to eat else：anything else 形容词：nothing important 1 There is ______ wrong with my phone. It can’t work properly. A. new something B. something new C. anything wrong D. something wrong 【答案】D 【解析】句意是 “我的手机出了些问题，它无法正常工作” 。形容词修饰复合不定代词（something/anything 等）时需后置，表示 “一些问题” 应用 something，而不是用于否定句或疑问句的 anything，选 D。 2 Do you have ______ to share with us? A. something else B. else anything C. nothing else D. anything else 【答案】D 【解析】句意是 “你还有其他什么要和我们分享的吗？”。else 修饰复合不定代词时需后置，且在疑问句中，通常使用 anything 表示 “任何事物”，正确形式为 “anything else”。故选D。 3 I need ______. Could you give me a glass of water? A. something cold to drink B. anything cold drinking C. anything cold to drink D. something cold drinking 【答案】A 【解析】句意是 “我需要一些冷的东西喝，你能给我一杯水吗？”。在肯定句中表达 “一些东西”用something，形容词cold 需后置，不定式to drink也需后置。故选A。 考点【3】 nothing/nobody与none： nothing指物，nobody指人； none指数量，指某个具体名词的数量，才能用none 1. The teacher asked if ______ of us had finished the homework. A. none B. nobody C. nothing D. no one 【答案】A 【解析】老师问我们是否有人完成了作业。none 强调数量，指“没有一个”，用于回答 how many 或 how much 提问的句子，故选 A。 2 There is ______ left in the bottle. A. none B. nobody C. nothing D. no one 【答案】A 【解析】瓶子里什么都没剩下。none 强调数量，指“没有一个”，故选 A。 3 — Is there anything in the box? — ______, but some papers. A. Nothing B. None C. Nobody D. No one 【答案】A 【解析】句意：— 盒子里有什么东西吗？— 没有东西，只有一些纸。问句问的是 “盒子里是否有任何东西”，回答用 nothing 表示 “盒子里没有东西”，故选 A。 语法十 感叹句 考点【1】 how与what的选择： How+形容词/副词+主谓+其它！What+名词短语+主谓+其他！ 1 ______ beautiful the flowers are in the garden! A. How a B. What a C. How D. What 【答案】C 【解析】花园里的花真美！How修饰形容词beautiful，构成感叹句“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”结构，故选C。 2 ______ nice music she is playing! A. How B. What C. What a D. How a 【答案】B 【解析】她演奏的音乐真好听！music是不可数名词，用“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！”结构，故选B。 3 ______ interesting book it is! A. How B. What C. What an D. So 【答案】C 【解析】这本书真有趣！book是可数名词单数，interesting是元音音素开头，用“What+an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”结构，故选C。 考点【2】 感叹句中的词形、词性变化与动词填空： 区分原句结构是关键 1 What fun _____ (swim) in the river is! 【答案】swimming 【解析】句意：在河里游泳多么有趣啊！动名词swimming作主语，fun是名词，构成感叹句“What + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！”结构，故填swimming。 2 How _____ (amazing) the magic show is! 【答案】amazing 【解析】句意：这个魔术表演多么令人惊讶啊！amazing是形容词作表语，how修饰形容词amazing，构成感叹句“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 系动词！”结构，故填amazing。 3 What fun it is _____ (have) an art festival! 【答案】to have 【解析】句意：举办艺术节多么有趣啊！不定式to have作真正主语，it是形式主语，构成感叹句“What + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！”结构，故填to have。 4 How _____ (terrible) he sings! 【答案】terribly 【解析】句意：他唱得多么糟糕啊！terrible是形容词，这里需要用副词terribly来修饰动词sings，构成感叹句“How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语！”结构，故填terribly。 语法十一 一般过去时 考点【1】 根据时间状语判断： last Sunday; yesterday morning；two days ago，just now，in the past等 1 Tom ______ (visit) the science museum with his class yesterday. 【答案】visited 【解析】句意：Tom 昨天和班级同学参观了科技馆。 时间状语 "yesterday"（昨天） 明确表示动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时。动词 "visit" 的过去式为 visited。 2 She ______ (not sleep) well last night because of the noise outside. 【答案】didn’t sleep 【解析】句意：她昨晚因外面的噪音没睡好。时间状语 "last night"（昨晚） 要求用一般过去时； 否定形式：一般过去时否定结构为 did not (didn’t) + 动词原形 sleep。 3 — ______ you ______ to Shanghai during the summer vacation? — Yes, I went there with my family. A. Have; been B. Did; go C. Do; go D. Are; going 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你暑假期间去上海了吗？——是的，我和家人一起去的。时间状语 "during the summer vacation"（暑假期间） 表示过去发生的动作（暑假已结束）；一般过去时的疑问句需用助动词 Did + 动词原形 go，故选B。 考点【2】 结合语境判断 1 — Why are you so upset? — I ______ (forget) to bring my homework to school! 【答案】forgot 【解析】句意：——你为什么这么沮丧？——我忘记带作业来学校了！（隐含过去）语境暗示：“忘带作业”在说话时已结束，需用一般过去时 forgot。 2 The teacher was angry because half of the class ______ (not finish) the project. 【答案】didn’t finish 【解析】句意：老师生气了，因为班里一半人没完成项目。（隐含因果）语境暗示："was angry"（过去生气）的结果由过去动作导致，需用一般过去时否定式 didn’t finish。 3 — Where is your watch? — Oh no! I ______ (lose) it during the basketball game. 【答案】lost 【解析】句意：——你的手表呢？——糟糕！我篮球赛时弄丢了。（隐含结果）语境暗示：手表现在找不到（结果），"during the basketball game"（比赛期间）是已结束事件，需用 lost。 考点【3】 不规则动词过去式（参见书本不规则动词表） 1 He ______ (fall) off his bike and ______ (hurt) his knee. 【答案】fell; hurt 【解析】句意：他从自行车上摔下来，伤了膝盖。并列过去动作：fall→fell（非falled）；hurt→hurt。 2 The vase ______ (break) when it fell off the table. 【答案】broke 【解析】句意：花瓶从桌上掉下时摔碎了。"fell"提示过去动作，break的过去式为 broke。 3 He ______ (feel) sick after eating too much ice cream. 【答案】felt 【解析】句意：他吃太多冰淇淋后感到恶心。动作发生在过去（隐含因果），feel的过去式为 felt。 4 Last winter, she ______ (wear) a red coat to the party. 【答案】wore 【解析】句意：去年冬天，她穿一件红大衣参加聚会。时间状语"last winter"表过去，wear的过去式为不规则变化 wore。 第 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$