阅读理解——议论文（1)-专项训练卷 山东省2026年春季高考《英语考纲百套卷》第71卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：本卷严格依据《山东省春季高考英语考试大纲》要求，紧密结合中职英语教学实际编写。聚焦议论文阅读理解核心能力考查，精选结构清晰、论点明确、论据充分的典型议论文本（涵盖社会现象、价值观念、教育理念等主题）。系统梳理议论文阅读高频题型（主旨要义、作者观点态度、细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测），强化论点识别、论据分析、论证逻辑及作者意图的把握能力，深度契合山东省春季高考议论文命题规律与考查重点，助力学生攻克议论文阅读难点。 使用建议：高效解题流程与策略：三步解题法：速读抓框架： 快速浏览（标题、首尾段、段落首句），把握议论文三要素：论点(Argument)： 作者的核心主张是什么？（如A篇探讨朋友异同问题，D篇讨论低头族专用人行道利弊），论据(Evidence)： 用了哪些证据支持？（如B篇引用名言、类比；D篇引用不同学生评论），论证(Reasoning)： 如何组织论证？（如C篇通过芭比角色多样性论证其文化意义），题干定关键： 仔细审题，圈定题干核心词（人物、观点、态度、具体信息），精准定位原文段落。选项对比排除： 严格比对选项与原文：排除无中生有（原文未提及的信息）。排除张冠李戴（信息错位，如混淆不同人物的观点）。排除偷换概念（曲解原文关键词义或观点）。排除过度推断/片面化（超出或未能完整反映原文信息）。警惕绝对化表述（慎选含all, never, must, only等词的选项，除非原文明确支持）。图表信息处理： 若文本含图表（如A篇、D篇），需将图文信息结合理解。 山东省2026年春季高考《英语考纲百套卷》第71卷 专项训练卷·阅读理解——议论文（1） 考试时间：30分钟 满分：40分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 阅读理解：共四篇文章。共20道小题，每小题2分，共40分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。 A Should friends be different or the same? We asked three people about their ideas. Here are their answers. James Green I like to have friends who are like me. I’m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and my best friend Yuan Li is quiet, too. There are some differences between us, though. I’m smarter than Yuan Li. He’s stronger than me. Huang Lei It’s not necessary to be the same. I like to have friends who are different from me. My best friend Leo is taller and more outgoing than me. We both like sports, but Leo is more athletic (健壮的) than me. He always beats (打败) me at tennis. Mary Smith I don’t really care. My best friend is Carol. Carol is very funny, and she is more outgoing than I am. But we both like doing the same things. I don’t think differences or similarities (相似点) are important in a friendship (友谊). 1．What are James Green and Yuan Li both like? A．Outgoing. B．Quiet. C．Funny. D．Strong. 2．Who is Mary Smith’s best friend? A．Huang Lei. B．Leo. C．James. D．Carol. 3．Which kind of person would Huang Lei like to make friends with? A．Someone funny. B．Someone similar to him. C．Someone more outgoing. D．Someone different from him. 4．How many ideas about making friends are mentioned (被提及) in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．There are some differences between James Green and his best friend. B．Huang Lei looks stronger than his best friend. C．Mary Smith thinks differences are important in a friendship. D．Mary Smith thinks it’s important to be the same. B Everyone needs friends. There is an old saying, "Friends are God's way of taking care of us." But how do you find real friendship and keep it? The American writer Sally Seamans tells young students some smart ways to find friends. Sally says founding friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed（种子）and take care of it to make it grow. First, you should choose a friend. What makes a good friend? It is not because a person has money or good looks. A good friend should be kind and patient. For example, if you have a bad day, a good friend should listen to your complaints（抱怨）and do his best to help. To make a good friend, you cannot be too shy. You should make each other happy and share your lives. But things cannot always be happy. Even the best friends have fights. What should you do when you have a fight with your friend? You have to talk to him or her. When there is no one around, have an honest（诚实的）talk. If he or she doesn't want to talk, you could write a letter. If you want to be friends again, you can take these steps: Tell him or her how you are feeling; say what your friend has done wrong; explain（解释）why you did this or that. Remember that friendship is the most important thing in your life. 6．Sally wants to tell students the way to ___________. A．find friends B．plant trees C．get happy D．keep fit 7．What makes good friends? A．Having fights. B．Being kind and patient. C．Having lots of money. D．Having good looks. 8．According to（根据）the passage, you can __________ your friend after a fight. A．buy a present for B．never say a word to C．have dinner with D．write a letter to 9．How many steps can you follow to be friends again? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 10．What's the main idea of the passage? A．Young people and friendship. B．The problems of growing up. C．The good friends around you. D．Ways to find friends and keep them. C Barbie collection is a very popular hobby for girls. This wonderful collection includes dolls, clothing and others. The Barbie collection has many kinds of dolls. Barbie has friends, brothers, sisters and cousins. Barbie also has different kinds of pets like cats, dogs, horses, pandas, lions and zebras. She also owns a lot of cars, bikes, Jeeps and so on. Barbie’s jobs show that women can take on many kinds of roles in life. Barbie has over 108 jobs, so you can see her as a doctor, a policewoman, an astronaut, a driver… I spent many hours playing with Barbie dolls when I was a child. My daughter also has different dolls, clothes, cars and houses. She also spends a few hours enjoying her Barbie dolls on weekends. I will put away and save Barbie once she doesn′t want to play with them. Barbie was launched in 1959 as a fashion doll. Since that time she has been one of the most popular dolls in the world. Many collectors can easily recall their childhood(童年) when they see Barbie dolls. They usually collect special dolls and do it just for fun. Some collect Barbie clothing, pets, cars, furniture or homes. Serious collectors join clubs and learn how to collect Barbie. Whether you are a casual(随意的) or serious collector, you will find it to be a fun and interesting hobby. You can start as a little girl and continue to adulthood(成年). 11．Which can be collected about Barbie? a.different kinds of dolls   b.Barbie’s clothes c.Barbie’s pets   d.Barbie’s toys    e.Barbie’s cars A．abcd B．bcde C．acde D．abce 12．Which of the following is NOT true? A．All Barbie dolls are girls. B．The writer’s daughter likes Barbie. C．Barbie has over 108 jobs. D．The writer likes collecting Barbie. 13．Barbie has been around the world for about 　　　　years. A．40 B．50 C．60 D．70 14．In the last paragraph, the underlined “it” refers to(指的是) “　　　　“. A．showing Barbie B．buying Barbie C．making Barbie D．collecting Barbie 15．What can we know from this passage? A．The writer has two clever children. B．The writer is a serious Barbie collector. C．Serious collectors only save Barbie. D．No one likes collecting Barbie cars. D In Xi’an, there are special sidewalks for the phubbers (低头族). Different people have different opinions on it. Li Minyi, 14, Beijing This special walkway can keep people who are always looking at their phones safe and protect them from accidents. People might feel much freer when using this walkway, because they used to knock into someone else on a crowded one. Huang Xi, 15, Jiangsu It just encourages people to keep looking at their phones. Just imagine if everyone only paid attention to their mobile phones while walking, walkways like this would be useless and accidents would still happen. Chen Yecheng, 14, Hubei Mobile phones have made a big difference in our lives. It seems that many people can’t live without them. Every year, many people get injured or lose their lives because they are playing on their mobile phones while walking. So why not create a better environment for them? The special walkways can protect them from danger. Sun Run, 14, Zhejiang Smart phones are making a difference to our lives too much. They keep us away from reality and the beauty around us. A special walkway for those is indulgence (纵容). Can’t people put their phones down for a while and enjoy a beautiful day? This is what we should encourage. 16．The underlined word “one” refers to “________”. A．sidewalk B．phone C．an accident D．a person looking down at the phone 17．What does the underlined phrase “get injured” mean in Chinese? A．补偿 B．受伤 C．损失 D．逃避 18．According to Sun Run, we should encourage people ________. A．to walk on the special sidewalk B．not to use mobile phones in life C．to spend more time on work D．to play with the phone less and enjoy life more 19．Who think(s) it a good idea to have such a sidewalk for the phubbers? ①Li Minyi    ②Huang Xi    ③Chen Yecheng    ④Sun Run A．①③ B．③④ C．①③④ D．①②③④ 20．What is the best title for the passage? A．Don’t be a phubber. B．Good service in Xi’an C．Special walkways for the phubbers. D．Should we look down at our phone while walking? 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 编写说明：本卷严格依据《山东省春季高考英语考试大纲》要求，紧密结合中职英语教学实际编写。聚焦议论文阅读理解核心能力考查，精选结构清晰、论点明确、论据充分的典型议论文本（涵盖社会现象、价值观念、教育理念等主题）。系统梳理议论文阅读高频题型（主旨要义、作者观点态度、细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测），强化论点识别、论据分析、论证逻辑及作者意图的把握能力，深度契合山东省春季高考议论文命题规律与考查重点，助力学生攻克议论文阅读难点。 使用建议：三步解题法：速读抓框架： 快速浏览（标题、首尾段、段落首句），把握议论文三要素：论点(Argument)： 作者的核心主张是什么？（如A篇探讨朋友异同问题，D篇讨论低头族专用人行道利弊），论据(Evidence)： 用了哪些证据支持？（如B篇引用名言、类比；D篇引用不同学生评论），论证(Reasoning)： 如何组织论证？（如C篇通过芭比角色多样性论证其文化意义），题干定关键： 仔细审题，圈定题干核心词（人物、观点、态度、具体信息），精准定位原文段落。选项对比排除： 严格比对选项与原文：排除无中生有（原文未提及的信息）。排除张冠李戴（信息错位，如混淆不同人物的观点）。排除偷换概念（曲解原文关键词义或观点）。排除过度推断/片面化（超出或未能完整反映原文信息）。警惕绝对化表述（慎选含all, never, must, only等词的选项，除非原文明确支持）。图表信息处理： 若文本含图表（如A篇、D篇），需将图文信息结合理解。 山东省2026年春季高考《英语考纲百套卷》第71卷 专练训练卷·阅读理解——议论文（1） 考试时间：30分钟 满分：40分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 阅读理解：共四篇文章。共20道小题，每小题2分，共40分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。 A Should friends be different or the same? We asked three people about their ideas. Here are their answers. James Green I like to have friends who are like me. I’m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and my best friend Yuan Li is quiet, too. There are some differences between us, though. I’m smarter than Yuan Li. He’s stronger than me. Huang Lei It’s not necessary to be the same. I like to have friends who are different from me. My best friend Leo is taller and more outgoing than me. We both like sports, but Leo is more athletic (健壮的) than me. He always beats (打败) me at tennis. Mary Smith I don’t really care. My best friend is Carol. Carol is very funny, and she is more outgoing than I am. But we both like doing the same things. I don’t think differences or similarities (相似点) are important in a friendship (友谊). 1．What are James Green and Yuan Li both like? A．Outgoing. B．Quiet. C．Funny. D．Strong. 2．Who is Mary Smith’s best friend? A．Huang Lei. B．Leo. C．James. D．Carol. 3．Which kind of person would Huang Lei like to make friends with? A．Someone funny. B．Someone similar to him. C．Someone more outgoing. D．Someone different from him. 4．How many ideas about making friends are mentioned (被提及) in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．There are some differences between James Green and his best friend. B．Huang Lei looks stronger than his best friend. C．Mary Smith thinks differences are important in a friendship. D．Mary Smith thinks it’s important to be the same. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是针对“朋友应该是不同的还是相同的”给出了三个人的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据“I’m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and my best friend Yuan Li is quiet, too.”可知两人都很安静。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“My best friend is Carol.”可知她的好朋友是卡罗尔。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“I like to have friends who are different from me.”可知黄雷喜欢和与自己不一样的人做朋友。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“I like to have friends who are like me.”、“It’s not necessary to be the same. I like to have friends who are different from me.”及“I don’t really care.”可知本文是针对“朋友应该是不同的还是相同的”给出了三个人的三种看法。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“There are some differences between us, though.”可知詹姆斯•格林和他最好的朋友之间有一些不同。故选A。 B Everyone needs friends. There is an old saying, "Friends are God's way of taking care of us." But how do you find real friendship and keep it? The American writer Sally Seamans tells young students some smart ways to find friends. Sally says founding friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed（种子）and take care of it to make it grow. First, you should choose a friend. What makes a good friend? It is not because a person has money or good looks. A good friend should be kind and patient. For example, if you have a bad day, a good friend should listen to your complaints（抱怨）and do his best to help. To make a good friend, you cannot be too shy. You should make each other happy and share your lives. But things cannot always be happy. Even the best friends have fights. What should you do when you have a fight with your friend? You have to talk to him or her. When there is no one around, have an honest（诚实的）talk. If he or she doesn't want to talk, you could write a letter. If you want to be friends again, you can take these steps: Tell him or her how you are feeling; say what your friend has done wrong; explain（解释）why you did this or that. Remember that friendship is the most important thing in your life. 6．Sally wants to tell students the way to ___________. A．find friends B．plant trees C．get happy D．keep fit 7．What makes good friends? A．Having fights. B．Being kind and patient. C．Having lots of money. D．Having good looks. 8．According to（根据）the passage, you can __________ your friend after a fight. A．buy a present for B．never say a word to C．have dinner with D．write a letter to 9．How many steps can you follow to be friends again? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 10．What's the main idea of the passage? A．Young people and friendship. B．The problems of growing up. C．The good friends around you. D．Ways to find friends and keep them. 【答案】6．A 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．D 【分析】本文主要讲述了我们该如何找寻并保持友谊的方法。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“The American writer Sally Seamans tells young students some smart ways to find friends.”可知，Sally告诉学生们找寻朋友的方式。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据第三段“What makes a good friend?…A good friend should be kind and patient.”可知，善良和耐心可以帮助成为好朋友。故选B。 8．细节理解题。根据第四段“What should you do when you have a fight with your friend?…If he or she doesn't want to talk, you could write a letter.”可知，当和朋友打架后，可以给自己的朋友写信。故选D。 9．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If you want to be friends again, you can take these steps: Tell him or her how you are feeling; say what your friend has done wrong; explain（解释）why you did this or that.”可知，若想再次成为好朋友，可以采取三个步骤：告诉他或她你的感受；说出你的朋友做错了什么；解释你为什么这样或那样做。故选B。 10．主旨大意题。根据第一段“But how do you find real friendship and keep it?”及全文可知，本文主要向我们介绍了如何找寻并保持友谊的方法。故选D。 C Barbie collection is a very popular hobby for girls. This wonderful collection includes dolls, clothing and others. The Barbie collection has many kinds of dolls. Barbie has friends, brothers, sisters and cousins. Barbie also has different kinds of pets like cats, dogs, horses, pandas, lions and zebras. She also owns a lot of cars, bikes, Jeeps and so on. Barbie’s jobs show that women can take on many kinds of roles in life. Barbie has over 108 jobs, so you can see her as a doctor, a policewoman, an astronaut, a driver… I spent many hours playing with Barbie dolls when I was a child. My daughter also has different dolls, clothes, cars and houses. She also spends a few hours enjoying her Barbie dolls on weekends. I will put away and save Barbie once she doesn′t want to play with them. Barbie was launched in 1959 as a fashion doll. Since that time she has been one of the most popular dolls in the world. Many collectors can easily recall their childhood(童年) when they see Barbie dolls. They usually collect special dolls and do it just for fun. Some collect Barbie clothing, pets, cars, furniture or homes. Serious collectors join clubs and learn how to collect Barbie. Whether you are a casual(随意的) or serious collector, you will find it to be a fun and interesting hobby. You can start as a little girl and continue to adulthood(成年). 11．Which can be collected about Barbie? a.different kinds of dolls   b.Barbie’s clothes c.Barbie’s pets   d.Barbie’s toys    e.Barbie’s cars A．abcd B．bcde C．acde D．abce 12．Which of the following is NOT true? A．All Barbie dolls are girls. B．The writer’s daughter likes Barbie. C．Barbie has over 108 jobs. D．The writer likes collecting Barbie. 13．Barbie has been around the world for about 　　　　years. A．40 B．50 C．60 D．70 14．In the last paragraph, the underlined “it” refers to(指的是) “　　　　“. A．showing Barbie B．buying Barbie C．making Barbie D．collecting Barbie 15．What can we know from this passage? A．The writer has two clever children. B．The writer is a serious Barbie collector. C．Serious collectors only save Barbie. D．No one likes collecting Barbie cars. 【答案】11．D 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了芭比收藏中可以收藏哪些东西以及作者自己的收藏经历。 11．细节理解题。由第一段可知，可以收藏不同种类的芭比娃娃，可以收藏芭比不同的衣服，收藏芭比不同的宠物，可以收藏芭比不同的车，但是没有提到芭比娃娃的玩具。故选D。 12．细节理解题。由第一段第四句“Barbie has friends, brothers…”中的brothers可知芭比娃娃不仅仅是女孩。故选A。 13．细节理解题。由第三段第一句“Barbie was launched in 1959 as a fashion doll.”可知1959年才有了芭比娃娃，那么2020-1959≈60，故选C。 14．推理判断题。由画线单词所在句前一句中的“collect Barbie”和全文中反复出现的collection和collectors可知it指代的是收藏芭比。故选D。 15．推理判断题。作者全文都在介绍芭比收藏的类别，可见作者对芭比收藏非常了解，由此推断出她是一个真正的芭比收藏爱好者。故选B。 D In Xi’an, there are special sidewalks for the phubbers (低头族). Different people have different opinions on it. Li Minyi, 14, Beijing This special walkway can keep people who are always looking at their phones safe and protect them from accidents. People might feel much freer when using this walkway, because they used to knock into someone else on a crowded one. Huang Xi, 15, Jiangsu It just encourages people to keep looking at their phones. Just imagine if everyone only paid attention to their mobile phones while walking, walkways like this would be useless and accidents would still happen. Chen Yecheng, 14, Hubei Mobile phones have made a big difference in our lives. It seems that many people can’t live without them. Every year, many people get injured or lose their lives because they are playing on their mobile phones while walking. So why not create a better environment for them? The special walkways can protect them from danger. Sun Run, 14, Zhejiang Smart phones are making a difference to our lives too much. They keep us away from reality and the beauty around us. A special walkway for those is indulgence (纵容). Can’t people put their phones down for a while and enjoy a beautiful day? This is what we should encourage. 16．The underlined word “one” refers to “________”. A．sidewalk B．phone C．an accident D．a person looking down at the phone 17．What does the underlined phrase “get injured” mean in Chinese? A．补偿 B．受伤 C．损失 D．逃避 18．According to Sun Run, we should encourage people ________. A．to walk on the special sidewalk B．not to use mobile phones in life C．to spend more time on work D．to play with the phone less and enjoy life more 19．Who think(s) it a good idea to have such a sidewalk for the phubbers? ①Li Minyi    ②Huang Xi    ③Chen Yecheng    ④Sun Run A．①③ B．③④ C．①③④ D．①②③④ 20．What is the best title for the passage? A．Don’t be a phubber. B．Good service in Xi’an C．Special walkways for the phubbers. D．Should we look down at our phone while walking? 【答案】16．A 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了专门为低头族设计的人行道，人们对此发表了不同的观点。 16．词句猜测题。根据“People might feel much freer when using this walkway, because they used to knock into someone else on a crowded one.”可知，人们在使用这条人行道时可能会感到更自由，因为他们过去经常在拥挤的人行道上撞到别人。因此one应指代“人行横道”。故选A。 17．词句猜测题。根据“lose their lives”可知，get injured应意为“受伤”，即：许多人在走路时玩手机会会受伤或失去生命。故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据”Sun Run: Can’t people put their phones down for a while and enjoy a beautiful day? This is what we should encourage.”可知，我们应该鼓励人们少玩手机，多享受美好的一天。故选D。 19．细节理解题。根据“Li Minyi: This special walkway can keep people who are always looking at their phones safe and protect them from accidents.”以及“Chen Yecheng: The special walkways can protect them from danger.”可知，Li Minyi和Li Minyi认为给低头族修建这样一条人行道是个好主意。故选A。 20．最佳标题题。通读全文并根据文章开头“In Xi’an, there are special sidewalks for the phubbers (低头族).”可知，本文主要围绕着“专门为低头族设计的人行道”来讲述的。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$