暑假作业第01练 阅读理解之20篇 - 【暑假分层作业】2025年高一年级英语暑假培优练（人教版2019）

完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业第01练 阅读理解之20篇 （一） Miss England, Jessica Gagen, is not your ordinary beauty winner. She just added an impressive title, a rocket scientist, to her career. The 27-year-old just graduated from the University of Liverpool with a degree in Aerospace Engineering and she has set her sights on becoming an astronaut (宇航员). But winning her title just a few months before completing her degree was no easy task for the energetic redhead from Kelmersdale. She is the first red-headed woman — and the first rocket scientist — to be crowned (加冕) Miss England. Gagen was able to manage both her competition and her schoolwork but the stress of doing both left her with chest pains and sleeplessness. However, she didn’t give up, just as she had been treated badly and always been made fun of as a child for having red hair. “It was a tough five-year journey to get to this point, and I faced challenges before I even began,” Gagen said. “I think it’s important that today’s youth know that sometimes things don’t go entirely to plan, and that’s perfectly okay.” Before starting at the university, Gagen studied a foundation year in physics while working on weekends because she didn’t have all the courses she needed for the program. She began studying at the university in 2019 and when the pandemic (流行病) hit, all the course work went online. She did this while working full time at night. During the course of her studies, Gagen saw that there were very few females in STEM and decided to make it her task to promote (提升) careers in STEM for women and girls on her social media. In the first year, she won Miss Lancashire and placed second in the national contest but she really wanted to win to promote her task. “There’s a lot of work that goes into becoming Miss England, and I really wanted to win because I knew I could use the platform to get more girls into engineering,” she said. 1．What is special about Miss England mentioned in the text? A．She is also a scientist. B．She was once an astronaut. C．She had a happy childhood. D．She has great pressure at present. 2．Why was Gagen laughed at when she was young? A．She had trouble with her study. B．She was in poor health. C．The color of her hair was unusual. D．Her clothes were not beautiful. 3．What do we know about Gagen from paragraph 6? A．Her lifestyle in high school. B．Some of her college education. C．Her attitude to her classmates. D．The support from her family. 4．What is Gagen’s purpose in winning Miss England? A．To continue her college education. B．To realize her dream since childhood. C．To get confidence to deal with difficulties. D．To encourage more girls to learn STEM. （二） Some time ago, most people would have found it hard to imagine a world where you could send a small picture to someone and it would be a good way to respond. But today, emojis are everywhere in communication, and many people think they are a new form of language. The first emojis were made in 1999 by a Japanese artist. He was working for a mobile network company. The company asked him to create a set of emojis to use when they launched (发布) their mobile Internet system. Messages on the system were limited to 250 characters, so he thought emojis would be an expeditious way for people to communicate, which made online talks easy and quick. At that time, people were already using “emoticons” in their conversations. These are simple faces made using characters on a keyboard. For example, a colon and a right parenthesis — :) — make a basic smiley face. The artist took this idea and made it better by creating 176 black-and-white pixel images to show things like emotions, weather, and food. This set of emojis is now part of the permanent (永久的) collection at New York City’s Museum of Modern Art. The artist said he was inspired by symbols used in weather forecasts and Chinese characters. The word emoji is a combination of two Japanese words: e which means picture, and moji which means character. The artist said he never thought emojis would become so popular around the world. But they did — and it happened quickly. Other companies in Japan started using emojis too, and by the mid-2000s, international companies began including them in their systems. In 2010, emojis were officially recognized by the Unicode Consortium, an organization that keeps text standards in software. This meant emojis could be used on any operating system. Today, the Unicode Consortium has approved (认可) over 3,700 emojis, showing different moods, animals, food, flags, and more. And just like any other language, emojis keep growing, with new ones added every year. 1．Why were the first emojis created? A．To replace emoticons. B．To create a new form of art. C．To compete with other companies. D．To promote a new mobile Internet system. 2．What does the underlined word “expeditious” in paragraph 2 closely refer to? A．virtual. B．thought-provoking. C．efficient. D．accessible. 3．What inspired the artist to create emojis? A．Modern art and technology. B．International travel experiences. C．Popular movies and television shows. D．Weather symbols and Chinese characters. 4．What does the text mainly talk about? A．The Story Of Emojis. B．The Way To Use Emojis. C．The History Of Emoticons. D．The Story About A Japanese Artist. （三） Have you ever imagined an insect-inspired robot, which weighs less than a gram, could one day help out in surgery (外科手术)? Scientists have designed this small, “insect-bot” called mCLARI that can control and even change its body shape as it travels in different environments to fit through gaps. It’s 2 centimeters long, weighs less than 0.97 grams and can travel at a speed of 6 centimeters per second.It’s the smaller, faster replacement to CLARI, which was designed by the same team. “Because of the robot’s small size and ability to change shape, we expect usage of this technology in four important areas,” the lead author Kaushik Jayaram said. These include disaster (灾害) response , check on high-value objects, environmental monitoring and medical treatment. “In the long term, we hope such robots will be used more widely in moving through human bodies and performing surgeries that can’t be easily done at present,” Jayaram said. With mCLARI, Jayaram’s team is moving closer to creating robots that can fit in different environments—just like the insects they’re inspired by. The mCLARI robot has four legs and can move in narrow spaces by changing between running forward and side-to-side and can use different speeds in human bodies. Its legs are joined to its body through joints (关节), which enables mCLARI to change its body shape based on the environment it is in. For example, its legs can be lengthened up to 50% in certain spaces. As follow-up work, the scientists want to give mCLARI more power and sensing ability while helping the surgeries. “We are also excited about understanding the effect of shape change on improving functions of robots,” Jayaram said. “And this is sure a great one-step forward of the technology. The robot will have entered the market by 2025 and will bring greater benefits to mankind, especially in medical treatment.” 1．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Possible application fields of the robot. B．Different types of the robot. C．Several important features of the robot. D．Working process of the robot. 2．Which of the following can best describe mCLARI? A．Valuable but uncontrollable. B．Modern but high-cost. C．Heavy and time-consuming. D．Advanced and effective. 3．What is Jayaram’s attitude towards the robot? A．Worried. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Uninterested. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Jayaram: A Scientist Studying Robot Intelligence B．mCLARI Is Already Widely Available in the Market C．CLARI: A Robot Invented by Inspiration from the Insects D．A Tiny Shape-changing Robot Will Help Perform Surgeries （四） These reviews are about a variety of restaurants in London. The Ritz Food: traditional British or fusion cuisine Price per person: £80 This spectacular palace-style dining room is famous as one of London’s most luxurious, romantic restaurants. It’s hard to resist splashing out on the pretty 5-course menu. The staff are considerate and extremely polite. It’s hardly surprising that the clients are a mixture of celebrities, business executives and wealthy tourists. Come here for a memorable dining experience, which will certainly do damage to your bank account! Yo sushi! Food: Japanese Price per person: £10-15 The best known sushi place in town. This restaurant is great both for its raw fish and its kitsch Japanese decoration. Service is efficient and speedy. You can eat delicious sushi for a few pounds, serve yourself unlimited beer, select food from a conveyor belt and even have a relaxing head massage! Sometimes there are karaoke nights here. This restaurant is bright and unromantic but great fun. Amaretto Food: Italian Price per person: £15-20 A family-owned restaurant that has faithful clients coming back again and again. Amaretto offers classic Italian food in warm and friendly surroundings. Whatever time you come here, this restaurant is always busy and lively. The pizzas and pasta dishes are well recommended as being tasty and excellent value for money. Great for families or big groups of friends. Levant Food: Lebanese/Middle Eastern Price per person: £20-30 An exotic (异域风情的) Middle Eastern restaurant which is perfect for a romantic evening. The atmosphere is moody and private, with lots of candles, soft mats and coloured glass lanterns. When you find the entrance, hidden away down a small street, you are greeted by various plants and the smell of exotic perfumes. The menu offers a feast of authentic Lebanese food for people who like to try something new and unusual. If you stay late, you will even be able to watch a belly-dancing show! 1．What do Yo sushi! and Levant have in common? A．They offer entertainments at times. B．They provide a buffet supper. C．They deliver food by robots. D．They are difficult to find. 2．What is special about Amaretto? A．It belongs to a family. B．It is designed for group gatherings. C．It totally depends on regular customers. D．It is the most visited Italian restaurant in London. 3．Which is ideal for average families preferring romantic atmosphere? A．The Ritz. B．Yo sushi! C．Amaretto. D．Levant. （五） The world is experiencing a loneliness epidemic. How strange! With so many new ways to be in touch with the people that we love, we can move away and still see their faces. Why is it that we’re actually getting lonelier? The answer is that the way we stay in touch with each other is inadequate to what our brains and hearts need. Social media has changed the way that we pursue friendship. A lot of young people feel uncomfortable in real life communication, which might make them engage in a confrontation. It might feel like they have some sort of performance anxiety. More and more young people are comfortable talking to other people as long as it’s settled technologically. There’s a neuropeptide (神经肽) in the human brain called “oxytocin.” That’s the intensely pleasurable hormone (荷尔蒙) that links us to our families, friends and loved ones. But you don’t get it over screens and even less over social media. You’ll be lonely, so you’ll be even more addicted to the social media, which makes things worse and worse. That’s the reason why we have a loneliness epidemic. We’re trying to settle our relationships with tools that don’t do a good job. Oxytocin requires two things: eye contact and touch. Those are exactly the two things that you don’t get when your relationships are settled by technology. So the best way that you can get oxytocin has to be somebody who’s a real person with you. Touch their hands and look them in the eye. Your brain needs it and longs for it. That’s how your brain’s evolved. So a natural question that comes from all of this is: Should we have a complete ban on it in our lives? The answer to that is not necessarily. Do you use social media to figure out where you’re going to meet your friends and what they’re up to? Great, but that doesn’t take very long. You don’t need six hours on Facebook to do that. What you need is a specific period of time that you devote to actually catching up with the people you love and regular face-to-face contact with them offline. 1．What does the underlined word “confrontation” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Tolerance B．Resistance C．Harmony D．Cooperation 2．What is the purpose of talking of “oxytocin” in Paragraph 3? A．To present the process of brain’s evolution. B．To expose the harm of social media. C．To show the importance of real human contact. D．To draw the line between cyber-interaction and technological methods. 3．What should we do with the social media according to the author? A．Forbid the use. B．Employ its advantages. C．Reflect on its potential impact. D．Identify the diverse situations. 4．Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude to social media? A．Doubtful B．Dismissive C．Objective D．Disapproving （六） Like other 3D printers, the Vulcan printer puts down layer by layer of materials to build an object. However, this printer is more than 13.7 meters wide and prints homes for people to live in. This summer, the robotic printer from the homebuilder ICON will complete the last of the 100 3D-printed houses in Wolf Ranch, a community about 48 kilometers from Austin, Texas. ICON began printing the walls of what it says is the world’s largest 3D-printed community in November 2022. Compared to traditional homebuilding, the company says 3D printing is faster, less costly, requires fewer workers, and reduces waste. Conner Jenkins, a project leader, said, “It brings a lot of efficiency to the trade market... So, when there were maybe five different crews coming in to build a wall system, we now have one crew and one robot.” After concrete powder, water, sand and other additives are mixed together and put into the printer, a device called a nozzle (喷嘴) releases the concrete mixture. The process looks like toothpaste being put onto a toothbrush, as the printer builds up the house layer by layer along an exact path. A four-bedroom home takes about three weeks to finish printing, with the foundation and metal roofs put in place with traditional building methods. Jenkins said the concrete walls are designed to be resistant to water, mold, insects and extreme weather. The walls also provide strong insulation (隔绝) from the heat and the materials keep the inside temperature cool even when the air conditioner is not put on high levels. There was one other thing. The 3D-printed walls seemed to protect against a solid wireless Internet connection. Obviously these strong and thick walls keep really well-insulated in summer, but signals don’t transfer through these walls very well. To deal with this issue, an ICON spokeswoman said most Wolf Ranch homeowners use mesh Internet routers (路由器).These routers broadcast a signal from several units placed throughout a home, whereas a traditional router sends a signal from one device. ICON, which 3D-printed its first home in Austin in 2018, hopes to one day take its technology to the Moon. NASA, as part of its Artemis Moon exploration program, has an agreement with ICON to develop a system capable of building landing pads, shelters, and other structures on the moon’s surface. 1．What is one of the advantages of the 3D printer? A．The 3D printer is equipped with high technology. B．The 3D printer can make homebuilding cost-effective. C．The 3D printer promotes the rapid development of building industry. D．The 3D printer can be resistant to water, mold, insects and extreme weather. 2．How does the 3D printer work? A．By creating a large nozzle. B．By printing the house layer by layer. C．By putting the toothpaste onto a toothbrush. D．By mixing powder, water, sand and other additives. 3．What is the reason that the homeowners use mesh Internet routers instead of traditional ones? A．The 3D-printed walls block signals to a certain extent. B．The inside temperature is cool. C．Mesh Internet routers can hold up to severe weather conditions. D．Mesh Internet routers can broadcast signals at home. 4．Why does NASA cooperate with ICON? A．ICON’s technology revolutionizes the way we produce the world around us. B．ICON’s 3D printers can help to meet a growing demand for housing on the moon. C．ICON can help to develop some equipment and construction that NASA needs. D．ICON’s 3D-printed homes can be taken to the moon. （七） Everyone tries their best in life, and sometimes a few kind words of encouragement can help people realize that their efforts are not in vain (徒劳). I remember a time when I was in fifth grade, and I was a very shy girl. There was a drawing competition at my school that day. As everyone started to use their creative ideas to draw, I was only trying to think of something creative that could express my thoughts and emotions. Lost in my own world, I was brought back to reality when my art teacher called my name from behind. She came to me and encouraged me, saying, “Don’t overthink it, just put whatever comes to your mind on the canvas (画布). Do your best, and you will do well.” Taking her words of wisdom to heart, I started my painting. Time flew by, and soon the bell rang, signaling the end of the time limit. We all turned in our canvases for inspection (检查). The next day, the winners of the competition were announced in front of the whole school. To my surprise, I heard my name being called second prize. It was a bolt from the blue for me, as I had never dared to dream of winning any prize. Later on, I expressed my gratitude to my art teacher for her words of encouragement and for believing in me. That day, I became aware of my talent and started painting more whenever I had free time. Sometimes, I think that if it weren’t for her words of encouragement, I may have never discovered the talent I have. Overall, this experience taught me the importance of encouraging others and how a few kind words can make a significant impact on someone’s life. 1．What was the author doing before her name was called? A．Drawing a picture with her classmates. B．Being buried in her imagination. C．Taking part in an important English test. D．Organizing a drawing competition. 2．How did the art teacher treat the author in the drawing competition? A．Encourage her with words. B．Blame her in a high voice. C．Punish her for standing up. D．Ignore her unconsciously. 3．How did the author feel when she heard that she had won a prize? A．Indifferent. B．Puzzled. C．Disappointed. D．Unexpected. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．What An Unique Creative Ability B．The Importance of Creative Thoughts C．The Impact of Encouraging Words D．The Way to Discover Your Talents （八） Today, about 25% of the world is the wilderness, which has been largely unchanged for thousands of years. However, the last wildernesses are becoming smaller as humanity’s impact on the world continues to spread. Deforestation is opening up ever greater parts of the Amazon, with an estimated 8 million hectares of rainforest lost annually. Since 1990, around 3.3 million square kilometers of the wilderness, an area the size of India, has been lost. One of the key drivers of the surprising loss has been agriculture. A new study reveals that at least 40% of the land which could become suitable for growing crops by the 2060s is the untouched wilderness, especially the Arctic tundra (苔原) of Alaska, Canada and Russia. However, if these areas became farmland, it would destroy their biodiversity (生物多样性) and weaken efforts to limit climate change. The study calls for more research into upgrading agriculture without the need for more land, emphasizing the importance of increasing farming efficiency. While there’s no certainty that the wilderness will be changed into farmland, it may become increasingly difficult to avoid doing so. Large areas of current farmland are predicted to become too hot in the future, with at least 70% expected to support fewer crop varieties by the 2060s. If this leads to the transformation (转变) of the wilderness, humans will lose some of the most original environments remaining on Earth. Balancing the protection of the wilderness with demands for food is not easy, but is possible. Professor Ilya Maclean, a co-author of the research, says, “What we’ve seen over the last 50 years is a shift toward large fields and single-crop planting, as it’s much cheaper for a farmer to produce crops that way. But if you grow a single crop on your farm, you’re more easily affected by the uncertainties of climate change. We need to welcome farmers to the decision-making process so they can feed into agricultural policies and strategies.” The cooperation could lead to policies that encourage farms to reduce the risk of crop failures. If the measures are successful, the world can ensure that everyone has enough food to eat, while keeping our wilderness wild. 1．What do the figures in the first paragraph indicate? A．The wilderness provides valuable natural resources. B．Human activities have worsened wilderness loss. C．The Amazon region is suitable for growing crops. D．Wilderness tourism is a growing industry. 2．What recommendation does the study offer? A．Increasing research on climate issues. B．Relying on traditional farming methods. C．Turning some farmland into the wilderness. D．Promoting sustainable agricultural practices. 3．What makes it hard to prevent the transformation of the wilderness? A．Poor soil quality resulting from mixed farming. B．The lack of new policies on wildlife protection. C．Rising demand for farmland due to climate impact. D．The effect of industrial pollution on natural habitats. 4．What should farmers take into consideration based on Maclean’s words? A．Ensuring the variety of crops. B．Engaging in wilderness management. C．Growing economically efficient crops. D．Lowering the level of global warming. （九） A newly-developed Android phone app is able to remotely estimate pressure in a person’s arteries (动脉) as there heart squeezes, providing potentially life-saving details on individual health without the need for specialized equipment. Rather than having to take a trip to the doctor or use a dedicated device, individuals might one day be able to make use of the phone in their pocket, making the innovation particularly important in underserved populations where access to medical care is limited. Developed by researchers from the University of Pittsburgh, the app works by taking a variety of readings from the accelerometer, camera, and touch sensors built into modern smartphones. What makes the app smart is the way it gets users to change the position of their hands to change blood flow, and apply a number of instructed touches to the phone screen to get the right pulse pressure readings.“Because of gravity, there’s a pressure change in your thumb when you raise your hands up above your heart, and using the phone’s accelerometer, you’re able to convert that into the relative change in pressure,” says biomedical engineer Vishaal Dhamotharan from the University of Pittsburgh. In tests on 24 people and cross-referencing with a larger database, the app method detected pulse pressure to a reasonably accurate level, within around 8 mm HG. As development continues, the app accuracy level will most likely improve on that even further. The researchers admit they’ll need to work on “changing the mindset” around using pulse pressure as a blood pressure indicator — but it’s the best solution we’ve seen yet for taking this crucial reading using a normal smartphone. “Development of a portable blood pressure measurement device that does not require any external calibration (外部校准) is unrealistic — such a device currently does not exist,” says biomedical engineer Sanjeev Shroff, from the University of Pittsburgh. “The research work reported in this publication is an important step in the right direction.” 1．Why is the newly-developed phone app particularly important? A．It’s much easier to access. B．It’s money-saving. C．It’s a specialized facility. D．It’s more accurate. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about the app? A．The special function of it. B．The working principle of it. C．The purpose of developing it. D．The inspiration for developing it. 3．What can we infer about the future of the app in smartphones? A．It will have a bright prospect. B．It will come into the market soon. C．It will be built in every smartphone. D．It will replace the traditional equipment. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To test an app. B．To improve an app. C．To advertise an app. D．To introduce an app. （十） Luke has always been my closest and constant companion these past five years. In fact, he is very friendly to me especially when I take care of other furry friends in our shelter. There have been a lot of forest fires during the summer season. Not far from our shelter, a forest caught fire during this hot summer. Luke rushed towards the forest where flames send out a terrible heat. There’s no longer any hope at the moment to wait for Luke to come back to the shelter. In fact, I was waiting for the firemen to announce me his death in the forest. Suddenly, a fireman burst into my office and informed me that my dog Luke succeeded in saving four cats which were trapped by the flames. Luke seized the kittens, one by one moving them to a safe place. I immediately accompanied the fireman to the forest to pick up the rescued kittens, but Luke was not there. Then we heard the sound of a dog came from the forest barking furiously. The firemen followed the tracks of the dog until they found him barking loudly by the side of an injured fireman who was lying on the ground. That day, I was very proud of Luke for his two heroic actions. I paid a visit to the fireman accompanied with my adorable Luke. What a memorable scene when the fireman hugged Luke tightly to his chest! “One thousand thanks, Luke, for saving my life,” the fireman said. This true story of love and compassion shows us that pets are loving, caring and compassionate. We should love and protect them. Don’t belittle them. Little animals can make enormous things for humans. 1．At the very beginning the author thought ________. A．Luke ran away from the shelter for ever. B．Luke was afraid of big fire C．Luke was killed by the big fire. D．Luke was able to save all the people 2．The reason why the author was proud of Luke was that ________. A．Luke rescued four cats and a fireman from the fire B．Luke warned people of the coming fire C．Luke took care of other furry animals in the shelter D．Luke has always been my closest and constant companion 3．The underlined word “belittle”in the last paragraph probably means “________”. A．Make things small B．Look down upon C．Show respect for D．Make enemy with 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To stress the role of pets in people life. B．To persuade people to keep pets. C．To call attention to the danger big fire. D．To share a story of love and compassion of pets with us. （十一） Medha Pappula, an eighth-grader at Brambleton Middle School, is using her skill set to solve a problem — bullying（霸凌）. She recently earned an award (获奖) from National Bullying Prevention Center (NBPC) for her anti-bullying efforts in software development and animation (动画). Pappula, 13, said she discovered that a classmate had experienced cyberbullying（网络霸凌）, which was painful for her to learn about. “Even though I didn’t experience it, I wouldn’t wish that on anyone, even my worst enemy,” Pappula said. Then she developed a program that recognizes when digital and text-based messages include bullying language. The program takes a message, and then recognizes signs of bullying and gives a rating to the cyberbullying, the teen said. If the rating is high, she said, “the program can be used to carry out things like removing that message or reporting it.” Pappula first designed and tested the program for Discord, a popular community-based messaging platform (平台), and said she plans to develop it for even bigger platforms like Facebook and Twitter. In addition to this program, the NBPC awarded Pappula for a three-minute animated video about Unity Day, which she created and shared on YouTube last October. Unity Day, according to the video, was started by the NBPC in 2011 to raise bullying awareness among school-age children. Schools encourage their students to wear orange on Unity Day, as it is “a color that is connected with safety,” the website reads. Pappula visited different websites to develop her animation skills several years ago. She spent more than a month creating her 2-D animated video using an animation software called Krita. The effort paid off, as nearly 6,000 people have already viewed the “Unity Day” video on YouTube. Along with being posted to the NBPC webpage, her animation was also shared by Cartoon Network. Moving forward, Pappula hopes to continue to work with the NBPC and to use her skills to lift those around her. 1．How did Pappula feel about bullying? A．It upset her life a lot. B．It could be stopped easily. C．It happened online most often. D．It shouldn’t happen to anyone. 2．How does Pappula’s program work? A．By sending voice messages. B．By removing useless messages. C．By sending its users important reports. D．By grading messages according to the language used. 3．What did Pappula do to make the animated video? A．She asked the NBPC for help. B．She taught herself animation. C．She learned from an expert. D．She created Krita. 4．Which word can best describe Pappula? A．Honest. B．Caring. C．Polite. D．Proud. （十二） I switched to a flip phone. It vastly improved my life. I felt empty and frustrated at how much time I spent on my smartphone. So I spent the last five years steadily stripping my phone down to the basics. Social media was the first to go, then email, then news apps, and then even internet browsers. I long considered switching to a flip phone, but I always found an excuse to stay. Ultimately it was two of my students, 15- and 18-year-old sisters, who pushed me over the edge. Word spread around school that they had bought flip phones. If they were brave enough to take the plunge, I could, too. I spent $9 on a flip phone, plus $120 for a year of unlimited talk and text on a new number. For the last five months, I haven’t carried a smartphone with me, just my flip phone. This is the charming, romantic side of owning a flip phone: more conversations, more eye contact, more connection. The separation between work and life is much more noticeable. I don’t overthink work emails all day, since I no longer carry my work email in my pocket. I am living more like my creative, curious, phone-free children. This all sounds wonderful because it is wonderful. And now it’s confession time: I still have my smartphone. As it turns out, our addiction to smartphones is not just on an individual level. Intentionally or not, we have built structures that depend upon smartphone access, making it an essential feature of modern life. While most of the flip phone inconveniences are charming, some of them are so frustrating that they make you want to pull your hair out. Despite that, I will continue to use a flip phone as my primary phone so I don’t have to carry a smartphone with me. And I will continue to evangelize for it. I hope many others get flip phones. We will all be better for it. If nothing else, it’ll be nice to have more people to talk to in the grocery line. 1．What ultimately caused the author to switch to a flip phone? A．Disturbance of social media. B．Inspiration from his students. C．Time overspent on his smartphone. D．Negative feelings to smartphones. 2．What happened after the author used a flip phone? A．More interactions with people. B．Less work assignments. C．More time with his children. D．Low work effeciency. 3．What can be inferred about the author? A．Belief that flip phones are completely without inconveniences. B．Thought that smartphone addiction is solely an individual problem. C．Complete abandonment of smartphones for flip phones. D．Belief in widespread integration and importance of smartphones in modern society. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To recommend using a flip phone. B．To advocate living without a smartphone. C．To share his story of switching to a flip phone. D．To stress the disadvantages of having a smartphone. （十三） While tea may have its origins in Asia, now it has found its way into their food culture and traditions in many countries. It is a special way of connecting people all over the world in different ways and ceremonies. That finally all results in a group of people sitting together and enjoying a cup of tea. Chinese tea culture Since China is considered as the birthplace of tea, it is no wonder that Chinese tea culture is rich in history and tradition. Today, Chinese tea continues to be used in Chinese medicine and is commonly used on both formal and informal occasions either for personal enjoyment or as a Chinese cultural tradition. Japanese tea culture Japan also has a long history with tea, especially Japanese Matcha, which is a kind of ground green tea. Japanese tea is commonly used in Japanese tea ceremonies and only in recent years has become popular in western culture. British tea culture When it comes to British tea, British tea culture is what comes to mind. A hot cup of Earl Grey tea often serves with a little milk and a biscuit in the afternoon as a pick-me-up for the day, which makes you feel better and more energetic. Even though tea may not be native to England, this British tea tradition is still going strong today. Moroccan tea culture When you visit Morocco, it is hard to miss the outstanding tea culture that is such a special way to welcome guests. Before any gathering, a pot of mint(薄荷)tea is always prepared and served among the host and guests. This is an expression of Moroccan tradition and kindness, which should always be accepted by guests as a sign of appreciation and respect to the host. 1．What do Chinese and Japanese tea cultures have in common? A．They have a long history. B．They are used in medicine. C．They are well known for green tea. D．They have long been widely recognized. 2．Why do the British prefer the afternoon tea? A．To show kindness. B．To get new energy. C．To bring out respect D．To observe a tradition. 3．What word can best describe Moroccan people? A．Honest. B．Confident. C．Grateful. D．Friendly. （十四） When a new product totally fails, companies typically try to move on as quickly as possible and put all of their energy into developing fresh ideas that they hope will catch on. But the Museum of Failure never forgets. This traveling exhibition, which was first launched in Sweden in 2017, has arrived in New York City. By focusing on more than 150 commercial ideas that didn’t succeed for various reasons, the exhibition aims to stimulate discussion about accepting and learning from failure, for example, new Coke, limeade-flavored Oreo cookies, crystal Pepsi and a “hula chair” for exercise. The exhibition is organized by Samuel West, a clinical psychologist who specializes in organizational science. He hopes it could help normalize and interpret the concept of failure, which he sees as a critical learning opportunity. “My research is focused on helping organizations to be more innovative,” West says. “And one of the big problems of innovation is the fear of failure.” Indeed, many of the brands featured in the Museum of Failure haven’t let one or two frustrated efforts stand in their way. For example, Oreo has made plenty of delicious new flavors, and both Coca-Cola and PepsiCo are still booming. “People feel liberated when they see big well-known brands and companies that have a lot of money and skills and experience still fail when trying new things,” West says. “People feel liberated, like ‘big boys’ can fail, so why can’t we?” The exhibition has interactive features like a “Share Your Failure” wall, where visitors can write their own mistakes on sticky notes. West says, “We want people to take meaningful risks and learn from them. That’s where the action is, when it comes to innovation: People trying something new, accepting the level of risk that comes with it and learning from it if the new thing fails. You fail but you gain insight, build on it, try a different version, tinker(修补) and come back again with something better.” 1．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The fame of big brands. B．The difficulty of innovation. C．The purpose of the exhibition. D．The importance of fresh ideas. 2．What does Samuel West think of failure? A．Costly. B．Relative. C．Unavoidable. D．Valuable. 3．What do Samuel West’s words in paragraph 4 show? A．His exhibition is easy for people to understand. B．Big companies are supportive of the exhibition. C．The exhibition can help reduce people’s fear of failure. D．Innovation spirit is of great importance to big companies. 4．What did Samuel West suggest people do in terms of innovation? A．Try to avoid risks. B．Learn from failure. C．Refer to big brands’ ideas. D．Put all your energy into it. （十五） Laughter comes in many forms, from a polite chuckle to an infectious howl of amusement. Scientists are now developing an AI system that can copy various forms of laughter accurately. The team behind the laughing robot, Erica, say that the system could improve natural conversations between people and AI systems. Dr. Koji Inoue, lead author of the research from Kyoto University, highlights empathy (共情) as a crucial aspect of conversational AI, suggesting laughter sharing as a means for robots to connect with users. To achieve this, Inoue and his team gathered data from over 80 speed-dating dialogues between male students and Erica, initially operated by amateur actors. Dialogue data labeled for individual, social, and joyful laughter was used to train an AI system to identify and produce fitting laughter responses. Based on the audio files, the algorithm (算法) learned their subtle differences, aiming to imitate social laughs subtly and hearty laughs empathetically. “Our biggest challenge in this work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter,” explained Inoue, emphasizing the need for careful categorization. Erica’s “sense of humor” was tested with four dialogues, integrating the new shared-laughter algorithm. These were compared to cases where Erica didn’t laugh or emitted social laughs upon detecting laughter. The clips were played to 130 volunteers who rated the shared-laughter algorithm highly for empathy and naturalness. The team believed laughter could imbue robots with unique character traits, including conversational behaviors like laughter, eye gaze, gestures, and speaking style. However, Inoue acknowledged it could take over 20 years to have a “casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.” Professor Sandra Wachter, of the Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford, said, “One of the things I’d keep in mind is that a robot or algorithm will never be able to understand you. It doesn’t understand the meaning of laughter. They fail to feel, but they might get very good at making you believe they understand what’s going on.” 1．Why do scientists develop the AI system that can copy various forms of laughter? A．To make robots sound more human-like. B．To help robots understand human emotions better. C．To enable robots to have a sense of humor like humans. D．To enhance the emotional interaction between people and AI systems. 2．What was the challenge Inoue faced while working on this project? A．Creating an algorithm that can genuinely feel amusement. B．Identifying the situations where laughter is truly understood. C．Distinguishing between different types of laughter accurately. D．Collecting sufficient data for training the machine learning system. 3．What does the underlined word “imbue” mean in Paragraph 5? A．Equip. B．Inspire. C．Engage. D．Influence. 4．What is Professor Sandra Wachter’s view on laughing robots? A．They are not capable of capturing human laughter. B．They can imitate laughter but lack thorough comprehension. C．It is possible for them to play tricks on humans occasionally. D．It will take long before humans have comfortable conversations with them. （十六） The animated film Ne Zha 2, released on January 29, 2025, has become a huge success in the film industry. Directed by the famous Jiaozi (Yang Yu), it continues the exciting story of Ne Zha (哪吒) and Ao Bing (敖丙) from the first movie. After surviving a terrible disaster called the “Heavenly Tribulation (天劫),” Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their physical bodies. Their souls were in great danger until Taiyi Zhenren (太乙真人), a wise immortal from Chinese mythology, saved them using a magical seven-colored lotus. However, peace did not last long. Their souls began to disappear again, forcing Taiyi Zhenren to face a difficult task — rebuilding their bodies with limited materials while solving unexpected problems. The film shows remarkable character growth. Ne Zha, once known for his rebellious nature, learns to care deeply for his friends and understand his true self. His friend Ao Bing, who used to struggle with personal troubles, transforms into a brave warrior. In one powerful scene, Ao Bing declares courageously, “If there’s no path, I’ll create one!” Visually, the movie is a feast for the eyes. It begins with thrilling scenes of flowing lava like wild rivers and terrifying sea monsters jumping out of the water, making viewers feel as if they are part of the action. Later, the story takes the audience to Kunlun Mountain (昆仑山) a magical place from Chinese myths filled with colorful landscapes and graceful fairy-like creatures. The most unforgettable part is the final battle, where characters use amazing weapons like the shape-changing Tianyuan Ding (天元鼎). The fast paced fighting and brilliant special effects leave a strong impression. Beyond the action, Ne Zha 2 teaches important life lessons. It encourages people to stay brave when facing difficulties, fight for what is right, and value friendship. These themes resonate with both young and adult audiences. The film has broken box office records, earning an astonishing amount in its first week. It also received high praise from critics and viewers, currently holding an 8.6/10 rating on major review platforms. Many praise its perfect mix of cultural elements, exciting storytelling, and positive messages. 1．What happened to Ne Zha and Ao Bing after the “Heavenly Tribulation”? A．They got stronger powers. B．They lost their physical bodies. C．They became best friends immediately. D．They went to live in Kunlun Mountain. 2．Why did Taiyi Zhenren have a difficult task? A．Because he had to fight against the sea monsters. B．Because he needed to teach Ne Zha and Ao Bing new skills. C．Because their souls started to disappear again and he had to rebuild their bodies with limited materials. D．Because he had to find a way to stop the “Heavenly Tribulation” from happening again. 3．What important life lesson does “Ne Zha 2” NOT teach? A．To always follow the rules. B．To stay brave when facing difficulties. C．To fight for what is right. D．To value friendship. 4．How was the film received by critics and viewers? A．It was poorly rated. B．It received high praise and currently has an 8.6/10 rating on major review platforms. C．It was only liked by young audiences. D．It had mixed reviews. （十七） Business Etiquette (礼仪) Workshop for the Professional Our Business Etiquette Workshop for Professionals (BEWP) will polish up your personal brand and give you the confidence needed for serial success.Make a positive and powerful first impression · Project confidence with your greeting · Positive and negative body language · Speak in the tight toneBusiness communications and office manners · Business meeting manners · Cellphone etiquette & texting · Email communicationsNetwork know-how · How to start and keep a conversation · How to hold your food and drinks · Business card exchangeThe professional image · How the right colors enhance your appearance · Professional dress for men · Wardrobe and make-up tips for womenBusiness dining etiquette and table manners · Extending an invitation & duties of the host and guest · Seating arrangements in a business setting · Paying the bill and tippingFive-hour workshop includes: · Professional training workshop · Training manual (指南) · Four-course lunch · Workshop training certificateWorkshop fee: $495.00 per person Business professionals, small business owners and college graduates will benefit greatly from our workshop. If you are interested in taking any of the classes or courses mentioned above, we would love to know a little bit about you. Please click the link to fill out our Registration Form so we may provide you with the best service.Organize a group Business Etiquette Workshop for the Professional may be booked for private groups. Pricing will vary depending on the size of your group. For more information please call 480-510-6346 or email Sue Brown at info@itsallaboutetiquette.com. 1．What can you learn in BEWP? A．How to keep a healthy diet. B．How to be polite on the phone. C．How to use the Internet wisely. D．How to manage time effectively. 2．What will you get if you attend BEWP? A．Four-course free supper. B．A computer manual. C．Business suits. D．A certificate. 3．How can people acquire more information about BEWP? A．By texting. B．By writing a letter. C．By sending an email. D．By visiting Sue Brown’s office. （十八） People often take the ability to communicate for granted, but when you grow up with a sibling who is nonverbal, it changes the way you look at the world. Archer Calder is a high school student from Utah. His sister Della, two years younger than him, has a rare genetic condition called Bainbridge-ropes syndrome. Even though Della isn’t able to speak, he and her brother are very close. Two years ago, Archer was searching online for an ape that might help Della express her needs, wants, likes, and dislikes. However, he found that the available alps were too expensive, and didn’t offer everything he was looking for. Since Archer has always loved coding and computer programming, he decided to make his own ape. Apart from that, Archer was determined to make his ape better than the rest, completely open source, and free. That’s how Freespeech was born. Archer said he decided to help his sister communicate because he wanted to hear her thoughts, but he also had a deeper reason. Growing up, he had a stutter(口吃)that kept him from expressing himself. It took him four years of speech therapy to overcome the difficulty, and the feeling of not being able to get his words out suck with him. Free speech refers to the augmentative and alternative communication(AAC)that helps people communicate by pressing buttons that represent words. Users like Della can make sentenced by pressing multiple buttons in a sequence. It opens up a whole new world of communication for people who are nonverbal. Now Della can communicate like anybody else, through the iPad. Archer first put it on TikTok, and the response was so positive that he continued sharing it on Git Hub, where experienced programmer helped beef it up. Archer said even if Free speech could only help one person, his sister, all the time and effort he put in was worth it. 1．What do we know about Archer? A．He gets along well with Della. B．He likes collecting electronic device. C．He has the same physical condition as Della. D．He works part-time as a computer programmer. 2．What does Archer probably think of the available alps online? A．Disappointing. B．Surprising. C．Interesting. D．Inspiring. 3．What is Archer’s deeper drive to design Free speech? A．His enthusiasm for computer programming. B．His willingness to help his sister. C．His high expectation of success. D．His early experiences. 4．How do users apply Free speech to expressing the information? A．By pushing buttons representing different words. B．By uploading their voice into it. C．By spelling important keywords. D．By learning gesture from it. （十九） Parrots live extremely long partly due to their relatively large brains, an international team of researchers has discovered. Simeon Smeele, a doctoral student at the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, led the study, the results of which were published in March in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B． When it comes to lifespan (寿命), birds truly stand out. Lifespan tends to increase with an  animal’s body size, roughly speaking. Thus, the bigger the animal, the longer they live. But a bird tends to live much longer than a comparably-sized mammal (哺乳动物). One theory is that birds’ ability to fly means they are less at risk from the animals that kill them, which reduces their risk of being eaten, decreases stress, and frees up bodily resources for growth. And among birds, parrots are the aging champions. The confirmed longest living bird was Cookie, a Major Mitchell’s cockatoo (a species of parrot), who lived at the Brookfield Zoo in Illinois for all but one of his 83 years. Though cockatoos often weigh around a pound, they usually live for four decades. Most of the other 398 parrot species also live longer than other birds of similar size. What sets parrots apart? In the new research, Smeele and his colleagues gathered data on over 130,000 individual parrots held in more than 1,000 zoos, representing 217 species. Through this data, they created reliable estimates of the average lifespan for each species. They next searched for a link between each species’ lifespan and its relative brain size and found a clear, positive correspondence. Parrot species with larger brains relative to their body size lived longer than species with smaller brains. “This supports the idea that in general larger brains make species more flexible and allow them to live longer,” Smeele said in a statement. “For example, if they run out of their favorite food, they could learn to find something new and thus survive.” He added, “All parrots have relatively large brain sizes compared to most other birds.” Researchers have previously shown that, when trained, some parrots can recognize and understand objects, colors, and shapes, and even speak with an impressive vocabulary. They can even match five-year-old humans on basic tests of intelligence. 1．What may cause birds’ long life? A．Their big body size. B．Their ability to fly. C．Their less adventurous nature. D．Their slow-paced lifestyle. 2．What do we know about parrots according to the text? A．They outlive other similar-sized birds. B．They live longer in the zoo than in the wild. C．They have an average lifespan of four decades. D．They live in relatively less competitive environments. 3．What does the underlined word “correspondence” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Goal. B．Evidence. C．Difference D．Connection. 4．What does the author want to stress with the example in Paragraph5? A．Parrots find it hard to survive nowadays. B．Bigger brains give parrots more adaptability(适应性). C．Parrots like to discover new things by nature. D．Bigger brains aid parrots with their social ability. （二十） For many people, breakfast — often called the most important meal of the day — is also the day’s least-exciting meal. Foods at breakfast are typically simple, quick, and easy to prepare and eat. And when people find a breakfast option they like, they generally stick with it, day after day, scientists have found. When researchers evaluated the daily eating habits in thousands of U. S. And French study subjects, they saw that people repeatedly ate the same thing for breakfast and were happy to do so. By comparison, when those people sat down to have lunch or dinner, they expected greater variety and wanted a more pleasurable experience from their meals. Researchers analyzed data in which a group of l, 275 American volunteers and a group of 2, 624 French volunteers reported what they ate for different meals to find patterns in meal experiences. They discovered that in both groups, 68 % of the participants ate the same breakfast at least twice in one week, and French people did so even more often than Americans did. By comparison, just 9 % of the people repeated a dinner they had already eaten and this repetition was higher for the American participants than for the French participants. The researchers then proposed that psychological (心理的) factors could also map onto circadian rhythms (昼夜节律) to further push people toward certain meal choice. Early in the day, when energy levels are higher, people tend to make practical choice. This makes it more likely that they’d be guided by practicality over pleasure when eating breakfast and would therefore be satisfied with a meal choice that they don’t have to think about too much. And it would be more possible for them to find one breakfast they like and then eat the same thing over and over again, according to the study. But as the day progresses, and a person’s energy increased and decreased, the importance of practical goals reduces. Pleasure-sacking becomes more important, and a person would then be more likely to seek variety in tastes and texture. However, even though culture, biology, and psychology make it seem natural to seek practical goals for breakfast, by consciously introducing variation into weekday breakfasts, breakfast can become much more enjoyable, which can help set a more positive tone for the rest of the day. 1．What did the researchers find in their study? A．People have realized the benefits of eating breakfast. B．People think it hard to find their favorite breakfast. C．People usually spend a lot of time on cooking. D．People tend to repeat their breakfast option. 2．Which method did the researchers most likely use to collect data? A．Making surveys. B．Performing experiments. C．Working with local restaurants. D．Observing participants’ daily diets. 3．What did the researchers conclude from people’s circadian rhythms? A．Eating regularly contributes to good health. B．People’s attitudes towards breakfast vary throughout the day. C．People’s mood is the decisive factor in choosing their breakfast. D．Energy changes throughout the day greatly affect people’s food choices. 4．Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A．The Significance of Breakfast in Our Daily Life B．Breakfast Habits: Why We Repeat C．Differences in Meal Choices between Americans and French D．The Influence of Circadian Rhythms on Our Eating Patterns 10 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业第01练 阅读理解之20篇 （一） Miss England, Jessica Gagen, is not your ordinary beauty winner. She just added an impressive title, a rocket scientist, to her career. The 27-year-old just graduated from the University of Liverpool with a degree in Aerospace Engineering and she has set her sights on becoming an astronaut (宇航员). But winning her title just a few months before completing her degree was no easy task for the energetic redhead from Kelmersdale. She is the first red-headed woman — and the first rocket scientist — to be crowned (加冕) Miss England. Gagen was able to manage both her competition and her schoolwork but the stress of doing both left her with chest pains and sleeplessness. However, she didn’t give up, just as she had been treated badly and always been made fun of as a child for having red hair. “It was a tough five-year journey to get to this point, and I faced challenges before I even began,” Gagen said. “I think it’s important that today’s youth know that sometimes things don’t go entirely to plan, and that’s perfectly okay.” Before starting at the university, Gagen studied a foundation year in physics while working on weekends because she didn’t have all the courses she needed for the program. She began studying at the university in 2019 and when the pandemic (流行病) hit, all the course work went online. She did this while working full time at night. During the course of her studies, Gagen saw that there were very few females in STEM and decided to make it her task to promote (提升) careers in STEM for women and girls on her social media. In the first year, she won Miss Lancashire and placed second in the national contest but she really wanted to win to promote her task. “There’s a lot of work that goes into becoming Miss England, and I really wanted to win because I knew I could use the platform to get more girls into engineering,” she said. 1．What is special about Miss England mentioned in the text? A．She is also a scientist. B．She was once an astronaut. C．She had a happy childhood. D．She has great pressure at present. 2．Why was Gagen laughed at when she was young? A．She had trouble with her study. B．She was in poor health. C．The color of her hair was unusual. D．Her clothes were not beautiful. 3．What do we know about Gagen from paragraph 6? A．Her lifestyle in high school. B．Some of her college education. C．Her attitude to her classmates. D．The support from her family. 4．What is Gagen’s purpose in winning Miss England? A．To continue her college education. B．To realize her dream since childhood. C．To get confidence to deal with difficulties. D．To encourage more girls to learn STEM. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了英格兰小姐杰西卡·加根的故事，她不仅获得了英格兰小姐的称号，还在航空航天工程领域取得了学位，并立志成为一名宇航员。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Miss England, Jessica Gagen, is not your ordinary beauty winner. She just added an impressive title, a rocket scientist, to her career.(英格兰小姐，杰西卡·加根，不是一般的选美冠军。她刚刚为自己的职业生涯增添了一个令人印象深刻的头衔——火箭科学家)”可知，英格兰小姐杰西卡·加根的特别之处是她还是一名科学家。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“However, she didn’t give up, just as she had been treated badly and always been made fun of as a child for having red hair.(然而，她并没有放弃，就像她小时候因为红头发而受到虐待和嘲笑一样)”可知，加根年轻时因头发的颜色特别而被嘲笑。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第六段“Before starting at the university, Gagen studied a foundation year in physics while working on weekends because she didn’t have all the courses she needed for the program. She began studying at the university in 2019 and when the pandemic (流行病) hit, all the course work went online. She did this while working full time at night.(在进入大学之前，加根在周末工作的同时学习了物理学的基础课程，因为她没有完成该项目所需的所有课程。她于2019年开始在这所大学学习，当疫情爆发时，所有的课程作业都在网上进行。她一边在晚上全职工作，一边完成大学学业)”可知，从第六段中我们可以了解到加根的大学教育经历。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第七段中“Gagen saw that there were very few females in STEM and decided to make it her task to promote (提升) careers in STEM for women and girls on her social media.(加根发现STEM领域的女性很少，于是决定在她的社交媒体上推动女性和女孩在STEM领域的职业发展)”和最后一段中“There’s a lot of work that goes into becoming Miss England, and I really wanted to win because I knew I could use the platform to get more girls into engineering (要成为英格兰小姐还有很多工作要做，我真的很想赢，因为我知道我可以利用这个平台让更多的女孩进入工程学)”可推知，加根在求学过程中发现发现STEM领域的女性很少，所以她想通过赢得英格兰小姐头衔来鼓励更多女孩学习STEM。故选D项。 （二） Some time ago, most people would have found it hard to imagine a world where you could send a small picture to someone and it would be a good way to respond. But today, emojis are everywhere in communication, and many people think they are a new form of language. The first emojis were made in 1999 by a Japanese artist. He was working for a mobile network company. The company asked him to create a set of emojis to use when they launched (发布) their mobile Internet system. Messages on the system were limited to 250 characters, so he thought emojis would be an expeditious way for people to communicate, which made online talks easy and quick. At that time, people were already using “emoticons” in their conversations. These are simple faces made using characters on a keyboard. For example, a colon and a right parenthesis — :) — make a basic smiley face. The artist took this idea and made it better by creating 176 black-and-white pixel images to show things like emotions, weather, and food. This set of emojis is now part of the permanent (永久的) collection at New York City’s Museum of Modern Art. The artist said he was inspired by symbols used in weather forecasts and Chinese characters. The word emoji is a combination of two Japanese words: e which means picture, and moji which means character. The artist said he never thought emojis would become so popular around the world. But they did — and it happened quickly. Other companies in Japan started using emojis too, and by the mid-2000s, international companies began including them in their systems. In 2010, emojis were officially recognized by the Unicode Consortium, an organization that keeps text standards in software. This meant emojis could be used on any operating system. Today, the Unicode Consortium has approved (认可) over 3,700 emojis, showing different moods, animals, food, flags, and more. And just like any other language, emojis keep growing, with new ones added every year. 1．Why were the first emojis created? A．To replace emoticons. B．To create a new form of art. C．To compete with other companies. D．To promote a new mobile Internet system. 2．What does the underlined word “expeditious” in paragraph 2 closely refer to? A．virtual. B．thought-provoking. C．efficient. D．accessible. 3．What inspired the artist to create emojis? A．Modern art and technology. B．International travel experiences. C．Popular movies and television shows. D．Weather symbols and Chinese characters. 4．What does the text mainly talk about? A．The Story Of Emojis. B．The Way To Use Emojis. C．The History Of Emoticons. D．The Story About A Japanese Artist. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了表情符号的起源、发展以及现状，说明了表情符号已经成为了一种新的语言形式，并且在全球范围内得到了广泛的应用和认可。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“The company asked him to create a set of emojis to use when they launched (发布) their mobile Internet system.(公司要求他创建一组表情符号，以便在他们推出移动互联网系统时使用。)”可知，第一个表情符号的创建是为了推广一种新的移动互联网系统。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Messages on the system were limited to 250 characters, so he thought emojis would be an expeditious way for people to communicate, which made online talks easy and quick.(系统上的信息限制在 250 个字符以内，所以他认为表情符号对人们来说会是一种____的交流方式，能让在线交流轻松又快速)”可知，结合 “easy and quick(轻松又快速)”判断出，“expeditious” 意思应为高效的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“The artist said he was inspired by symbols used in weather forecasts and Chinese characters.(这位艺术家说，他的灵感来自于天气预报中使用的符号和汉字。)”可知，激发了艺术家创作表情符号的灵感的是天气符号和汉字。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了表情符号（emojis）的起源、发展以及现状。文章从表情符号的初次出现，到其被广泛接受和应用，再到如今成为沟通中不可或缺的一部分，详细描绘了表情符号的“成长历程”。由此可知，选项A“表情符号的故事”能够概括文章主旨。故选A。 （三） Have you ever imagined an insect-inspired robot, which weighs less than a gram, could one day help out in surgery (外科手术)? Scientists have designed this small, “insect-bot” called mCLARI that can control and even change its body shape as it travels in different environments to fit through gaps. It’s 2 centimeters long, weighs less than 0.97 grams and can travel at a speed of 6 centimeters per second.It’s the smaller, faster replacement to CLARI, which was designed by the same team. “Because of the robot’s small size and ability to change shape, we expect usage of this technology in four important areas,” the lead author Kaushik Jayaram said. These include disaster (灾害) response , check on high-value objects, environmental monitoring and medical treatment. “In the long term, we hope such robots will be used more widely in moving through human bodies and performing surgeries that can’t be easily done at present,” Jayaram said. With mCLARI, Jayaram’s team is moving closer to creating robots that can fit in different environments—just like the insects they’re inspired by. The mCLARI robot has four legs and can move in narrow spaces by changing between running forward and side-to-side and can use different speeds in human bodies. Its legs are joined to its body through joints (关节), which enables mCLARI to change its body shape based on the environment it is in. For example, its legs can be lengthened up to 50% in certain spaces. As follow-up work, the scientists want to give mCLARI more power and sensing ability while helping the surgeries. “We are also excited about understanding the effect of shape change on improving functions of robots,” Jayaram said. “And this is sure a great one-step forward of the technology. The robot will have entered the market by 2025 and will bring greater benefits to mankind, especially in medical treatment.” 1．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Possible application fields of the robot. B．Different types of the robot. C．Several important features of the robot. D．Working process of the robot. 2．Which of the following can best describe mCLARI? A．Valuable but uncontrollable. B．Modern but high-cost. C．Heavy and time-consuming. D．Advanced and effective. 3．What is Jayaram’s attitude towards the robot? A．Worried. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Uninterested. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Jayaram: A Scientist Studying Robot Intelligence B．mCLARI Is Already Widely Available in the Market C．CLARI: A Robot Invented by Inspiration from the Insects D．A Tiny Shape-changing Robot Will Help Perform Surgeries 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们设计的一款新的机器人，这款机器人可以在外科手术中大显身手。 1．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段““Because of the robot’s small size and ability to change shape, we expect usage of this technology in four important areas,” the lead author Kaushik Jayaram said. These include disaster(灾害)response , check on high-value objects, environmental monitoring and medical treatment. (主要作者Kaushik Jayaram表示：“由于机器人体积小，且能够改变形状，我们预计这项技术将在四个重要领域得到应用。”这些领域包括灾难响应、检查高价值物品、环境监测和医疗治疗。)”可知，第三段主要讨论了这种机器人可能的应用领域，包括灾难响应、检查高价值物品、环境监测和医疗治疗。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Scientists have designed this small, “insect-bot” called mCLARI that can control and even change its body shape as it travels in different environments to fit through gaps. (科学家们设计了一种名为“mCLARI”小型昆虫机器人，它可以控制甚至改变自己的体型，在不同的环境中穿行，以适应缝隙。)”以及文章第三段““Because of the robot’s small size and ability to change shape, we expect usage of this technology in four important areas,” the lead author Kaushik Jayaram said. These include disaster (灾害) response , check on high-value objects, environmental monitoring and medical treatment. (主要作者Kaushik Jayaram表示：“由于机器人体积小，且能够改变形状，我们预计这项技术将在四个重要领域得到应用。”这些领域包括灾难响应、检查高价值物品、环境监测和医疗治疗。)”可知，这款机器人是由科学家设计的，能够控制和改变形状以适应不同环境，预计在医疗等领域有广泛应用，这表明它是先进且有效的技术。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“As follow-up work, the scientists want to give mCLARI more power and sensing ability while helping the surgeries. “We are also excited about understanding the effect of shape change on improving functions of robots,” Jayaram said. “And this is sure a great one-step forward of the technology. The robot will have entered the market by 2025 and will bring greater benefits to mankind, especially in medical treatment.” (作为后续工作，科学家们希望在帮助手术的同时赋予mCLARI更多的能量和感知能力。Jayaram说：“我们也很高兴能够理解形状变化对提高机器人功能的影响。这无疑是这项技术向前迈出的一大步。到2025年，机器人将进入市场，并将为人类带来更大的利益，特别是在医疗方面。”)”可知，Jayaram对于这款机器人的前景抱有积极的态度。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Have you ever imagined an insect-inspired robot, which weighs less than a gram, could one day help out in surgery (外科手术)? (你是否曾想象过，一个受昆虫启发、重量不到一克的机器人，有朝一日能在外科手术中大显身手？)”以及全文内容可知，主要介绍了科学家设计的一种小型、可变形的机器人mCLARI，并指出它未来可能在手术等领域的应用。因此选项D“A Tiny Shape-changing Robot Will Help Perform Surgeries (一个微型变形机器人将帮助进行手术)”最能概括文章内容。故选D。 （四） These reviews are about a variety of restaurants in London. The Ritz Food: traditional British or fusion cuisine Price per person: £80 This spectacular palace-style dining room is famous as one of London’s most luxurious, romantic restaurants. It’s hard to resist splashing out on the pretty 5-course menu. The staff are considerate and extremely polite. It’s hardly surprising that the clients are a mixture of celebrities, business executives and wealthy tourists. Come here for a memorable dining experience, which will certainly do damage to your bank account! Yo sushi! Food: Japanese Price per person: £10-15 The best known sushi place in town. This restaurant is great both for its raw fish and its kitsch Japanese decoration. Service is efficient and speedy. You can eat delicious sushi for a few pounds, serve yourself unlimited beer, select food from a conveyor belt and even have a relaxing head massage! Sometimes there are karaoke nights here. This restaurant is bright and unromantic but great fun. Amaretto Food: Italian Price per person: £15-20 A family-owned restaurant that has faithful clients coming back again and again. Amaretto offers classic Italian food in warm and friendly surroundings. Whatever time you come here, this restaurant is always busy and lively. The pizzas and pasta dishes are well recommended as being tasty and excellent value for money. Great for families or big groups of friends. Levant Food: Lebanese/Middle Eastern Price per person: £20-30 An exotic (异域风情的) Middle Eastern restaurant which is perfect for a romantic evening. The atmosphere is moody and private, with lots of candles, soft mats and coloured glass lanterns. When you find the entrance, hidden away down a small street, you are greeted by various plants and the smell of exotic perfumes. The menu offers a feast of authentic Lebanese food for people who like to try something new and unusual. If you stay late, you will even be able to watch a belly-dancing show! 1．What do Yo sushi! and Levant have in common? A．They offer entertainments at times. B．They provide a buffet supper. C．They deliver food by robots. D．They are difficult to find. 2．What is special about Amaretto? A．It belongs to a family. B．It is designed for group gatherings. C．It totally depends on regular customers. D．It is the most visited Italian restaurant in London. 3．Which is ideal for average families preferring romantic atmosphere? A．The Ritz. B．Yo sushi! C．Amaretto. D．Levant. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了伦敦几家不同菜系、不同价位和不同风格的餐厅。 1．细节理解题。根据Yo sushi!部分“Sometimes there are karaoke nights here.(有时这里会有卡拉OK之夜。)”和Levant部分“If you stay late, you will even be able to watch a belly-dancing show.(如果你待到很晚，你甚至可以看到肚皮舞表演。)”可知，Yo sushi!和Levant的共同点是它们有时会提供娱乐活动。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据Amaretto部分“A family-owned restaurant that has faithful clients coming back again and again.(这是一家家族经营的餐厅，有忠实的顾客一次又一次地回来。)”可知，Amaretto的特别之处是它属于一个家庭。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据Levant部分“An exotic Middle Eastern restaurant which is perfect for a romantic evening.(一家充满异国情调的中东餐厅，非常适合浪漫的夜晚。)”及价格可知，Levant的氛围浪漫，且价格适中，适合喜欢浪漫氛围的普通家庭。故选D。 （五） The world is experiencing a loneliness epidemic. How strange! With so many new ways to be in touch with the people that we love, we can move away and still see their faces. Why is it that we’re actually getting lonelier? The answer is that the way we stay in touch with each other is inadequate to what our brains and hearts need. Social media has changed the way that we pursue friendship. A lot of young people feel uncomfortable in real life communication, which might make them engage in a confrontation. It might feel like they have some sort of performance anxiety. More and more young people are comfortable talking to other people as long as it’s settled technologically. There’s a neuropeptide (神经肽) in the human brain called “oxytocin.” That’s the intensely pleasurable hormone (荷尔蒙) that links us to our families, friends and loved ones. But you don’t get it over screens and even less over social media. You’ll be lonely, so you’ll be even more addicted to the social media, which makes things worse and worse. That’s the reason why we have a loneliness epidemic. We’re trying to settle our relationships with tools that don’t do a good job. Oxytocin requires two things: eye contact and touch. Those are exactly the two things that you don’t get when your relationships are settled by technology. So the best way that you can get oxytocin has to be somebody who’s a real person with you. Touch their hands and look them in the eye. Your brain needs it and longs for it. That’s how your brain’s evolved. So a natural question that comes from all of this is: Should we have a complete ban on it in our lives? The answer to that is not necessarily. Do you use social media to figure out where you’re going to meet your friends and what they’re up to? Great, but that doesn’t take very long. You don’t need six hours on Facebook to do that. What you need is a specific period of time that you devote to actually catching up with the people you love and regular face-to-face contact with them offline. 1．What does the underlined word “confrontation” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Tolerance B．Resistance C．Harmony D．Cooperation 2．What is the purpose of talking of “oxytocin” in Paragraph 3? A．To present the process of brain’s evolution. B．To expose the harm of social media. C．To show the importance of real human contact. D．To draw the line between cyber-interaction and technological methods. 3．What should we do with the social media according to the author? A．Forbid the use. B．Employ its advantages. C．Reflect on its potential impact. D．Identify the diverse situations. 4．Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude to social media? A．Doubtful B．Dismissive C．Objective D．Disapproving 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。世界正经历孤独流行病，原因是社交媒体维系关系方式不足，应合理利用社交媒体，重视线下真实人际接触。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“A lot of young people feel uncomfortable in real life communication, which might make them engage in a confrontation. It might feel like they have some sort of performance anxiety. More and more young people are comfortable talking to other people as long as it’s settled technologically.(很多年轻人在现实生活中的交流中感到不舒服，这可能会使他们陷入一种confrontation状态。这可能感觉他们有某种表现焦虑。越来越多的年轻人只要通过技术手段来交流就会感到自在。)”可知，因为年轻人在现实交流中不舒服，且有表现焦虑，所以这里的confrontation应该是一种不太好的状态。再结合选项可知，confrontation应表示“抵抗”的意思。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“But you don’t get it over screens and even less over social media. You’ll be lonely, so you’ll be even more addicted to the social media, which makes things worse and worse. That’s the reason why we have a loneliness epidemic. We’re trying to settle our relationships with tools that don’t do a good job. Oxytocin requires two things: eye contact and touch. Those are exactly the two things that you don’t get when your relationships are settled by technology. So the best way that you can get oxytocin has to be somebody who’s a real person with you. Touch their hands and look them in the eye. Your brain needs it and longs for it.(但是你不能通过屏幕得到它（催产素），在社交媒体上得到的更少。你会感到孤独，所以你会更加沉迷于社交媒体，这使情况越来越糟。这就是我们出现孤独流行病的原因。我们试图用不太有效的工具来维系我们的关系。催产素需要两样东西：眼神交流和触摸。而当你的关系是通过技术来维系时，这恰恰是你得不到的两样东西。所以获得催产素的最好方式必须是和一个真实的人在一起。握住他们的手，看着他们的眼睛。你的大脑需要它并且渴望它。)”可知，提到oxytocin是为了说明它的获取需要真实的人与人之间的接触，即眼神交流和触摸，而这些是技术手段无法提供的，从而强调了真实人际接触的重要性。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Do you use social media to figure out where you’re going to meet your friends and what they’re up to? Great, but that doesn’t take very long. You don’t need six hours on Facebook to do that. What you need is a specific period of time that you devote to actually catching up with the people you love and regular face-to-face contact with them offline.(你使用社交媒体来确定你要在哪里与朋友见面以及他们在做什么吗？很好，但这不需要很长时间。你不需要在脸书上花六个小时来做这件事。你需要的是一段特定的时间，专门用来真正与你爱的人叙旧，以及定期与他们进行线下的面对面接触。)”可知，作者认为社交媒体可以用来确定与朋友见面的地点和了解他们的情况，这是利用了社交媒体的优势，但不能过度依赖，要花时间进行线下的真实交流。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章中作者既提到了社交媒体带来的问题，如年轻人对现实交流不舒服，依赖社交媒体导致孤独加剧等，又提到了社交媒体可以用来确定与朋友见面的地点等优势，同时给出了合理使用社交媒体的建议，如利用它的一些功能但要进行线下真实交流等。这表明作者对社交媒体的态度是客观的，既看到了它的不足，也看到了它的优点。故选C项。 （六） Like other 3D printers, the Vulcan printer puts down layer by layer of materials to build an object. However, this printer is more than 13.7 meters wide and prints homes for people to live in. This summer, the robotic printer from the homebuilder ICON will complete the last of the 100 3D-printed houses in Wolf Ranch, a community about 48 kilometers from Austin, Texas. ICON began printing the walls of what it says is the world’s largest 3D-printed community in November 2022. Compared to traditional homebuilding, the company says 3D printing is faster, less costly, requires fewer workers, and reduces waste. Conner Jenkins, a project leader, said, “It brings a lot of efficiency to the trade market... So, when there were maybe five different crews coming in to build a wall system, we now have one crew and one robot.” After concrete powder, water, sand and other additives are mixed together and put into the printer, a device called a nozzle (喷嘴) releases the concrete mixture. The process looks like toothpaste being put onto a toothbrush, as the printer builds up the house layer by layer along an exact path. A four-bedroom home takes about three weeks to finish printing, with the foundation and metal roofs put in place with traditional building methods. Jenkins said the concrete walls are designed to be resistant to water, mold, insects and extreme weather. The walls also provide strong insulation (隔绝) from the heat and the materials keep the inside temperature cool even when the air conditioner is not put on high levels. There was one other thing. The 3D-printed walls seemed to protect against a solid wireless Internet connection. Obviously these strong and thick walls keep really well-insulated in summer, but signals don’t transfer through these walls very well. To deal with this issue, an ICON spokeswoman said most Wolf Ranch homeowners use mesh Internet routers (路由器).These routers broadcast a signal from several units placed throughout a home, whereas a traditional router sends a signal from one device. ICON, which 3D-printed its first home in Austin in 2018, hopes to one day take its technology to the Moon. NASA, as part of its Artemis Moon exploration program, has an agreement with ICON to develop a system capable of building landing pads, shelters, and other structures on the moon’s surface. 1．What is one of the advantages of the 3D printer? A．The 3D printer is equipped with high technology. B．The 3D printer can make homebuilding cost-effective. C．The 3D printer promotes the rapid development of building industry. D．The 3D printer can be resistant to water, mold, insects and extreme weather. 2．How does the 3D printer work? A．By creating a large nozzle. B．By printing the house layer by layer. C．By putting the toothpaste onto a toothbrush. D．By mixing powder, water, sand and other additives. 3．What is the reason that the homeowners use mesh Internet routers instead of traditional ones? A．The 3D-printed walls block signals to a certain extent. B．The inside temperature is cool. C．Mesh Internet routers can hold up to severe weather conditions. D．Mesh Internet routers can broadcast signals at home. 4．Why does NASA cooperate with ICON? A．ICON’s technology revolutionizes the way we produce the world around us. B．ICON’s 3D printers can help to meet a growing demand for housing on the moon. C．ICON can help to develop some equipment and construction that NASA needs. D．ICON’s 3D-printed homes can be taken to the moon. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了ICON公司利用3D打印技术建造房屋的情况，包括其优势、工作原理、面临的挑战以及与NASA的合作。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Compared to traditional homebuilding, the company says 3D printing is faster, less costly, requires fewer workers, and reduces waste.(与传统房屋建造相比，该公司表示，3D打印速度更快、成本更低、所需工人更少，并且减少了浪费。)”可知，3D打印机可以使房屋建造成本更低，即具有成本效益。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段“Like other 3D printers, the Vulcan printer puts down layer by layer of materials to build an object.(与其他3D打印机一样，Vulcan打印机通过逐层铺设材料来构建一个物体。)”可知，3D打印机是通过逐层打印来工作的。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Obviously these strong and thick walls keep really well-insulated in summer, but signals don’t transfer through these walls very well. To deal with this issue, an ICON spokeswoman said most Wolf Ranch homeowners use mesh Internet routers.(显然，这些坚固而厚实的墙壁在夏天能很好地隔热，但信号不能很好地穿过这些墙壁。为了解决这个问题，ICON的一位发言人表示，Wolf Ranch的大多数房主都使用网状互联网路由器。)”可知，业主使用网状互联网路由器而不是传统路由器是因为3D打印的墙壁在一定程度上阻挡了信号。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“ICON, which 3D-printed its first home in Austin in 2018, hopes to one day take its technology to the Moon. NASA, as part of its Artemis Moon exploration program, has an agreement with ICON to develop a system capable of building landing pads, shelters, and other structures on the moon’s surface.(ICON于2018年在奥斯汀打印了它的第一栋房子，并希望有一天能将其技术带到月球上。作为其阿尔忒弥斯月球探测计划的一部分，NASA与ICON达成了一项协议，以开发一种能够在月球表面建造着陆台、避难所和其他结构的系统。)”可知，NASA与ICON合作是因为ICON可以帮助开发NASA所需的一些设备和建筑。故选C。 （七） Everyone tries their best in life, and sometimes a few kind words of encouragement can help people realize that their efforts are not in vain (徒劳). I remember a time when I was in fifth grade, and I was a very shy girl. There was a drawing competition at my school that day. As everyone started to use their creative ideas to draw, I was only trying to think of something creative that could express my thoughts and emotions. Lost in my own world, I was brought back to reality when my art teacher called my name from behind. She came to me and encouraged me, saying, “Don’t overthink it, just put whatever comes to your mind on the canvas (画布). Do your best, and you will do well.” Taking her words of wisdom to heart, I started my painting. Time flew by, and soon the bell rang, signaling the end of the time limit. We all turned in our canvases for inspection (检查). The next day, the winners of the competition were announced in front of the whole school. To my surprise, I heard my name being called second prize. It was a bolt from the blue for me, as I had never dared to dream of winning any prize. Later on, I expressed my gratitude to my art teacher for her words of encouragement and for believing in me. That day, I became aware of my talent and started painting more whenever I had free time. Sometimes, I think that if it weren’t for her words of encouragement, I may have never discovered the talent I have. Overall, this experience taught me the importance of encouraging others and how a few kind words can make a significant impact on someone’s life. 1．What was the author doing before her name was called? A．Drawing a picture with her classmates. B．Being buried in her imagination. C．Taking part in an important English test. D．Organizing a drawing competition. 2．How did the art teacher treat the author in the drawing competition? A．Encourage her with words. B．Blame her in a high voice. C．Punish her for standing up. D．Ignore her unconsciously. 3．How did the author feel when she heard that she had won a prize? A．Indifferent. B．Puzzled. C．Disappointed. D．Unexpected. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．What An Unique Creative Ability B．The Importance of Creative Thoughts C．The Impact of Encouraging Words D．The Way to Discover Your Talents 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己的一次参赛经历来证明鼓励的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As everyone started to use their creative ideas to draw, I was only trying to think of something creative that could express my thoughts and emotions. Lost in my own world, I was brought back to reality when my art teacher called my name from behind. (当每个人都开始用他们的创意来画画时，我只是想一些能表达我想法和情绪的创意。我迷失在自己的世界里，当我的艺术老师从背后呼唤我的名字时，我又回到了现实。)”可知，当艺术老师叫作者时，作者正在沉浸在她的想象中，努力获得一些富有创造力的思路。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She came to me and encouraged me, saying, “Don’t overthink it, just put whatever comes to your mind on the canvas (画布). Do your best, and you will do well.” (她走过来鼓励我说：“不要想太多，只要把你想到的东西写在画布上。尽力而为，你就会做得很好。”)”可知，艺术老师用鼓励的语言鼓励作者。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“To my surprise, I heard my name being called second prize. It was a bolt from the blue for me, as I had never dared to dream of winning any prize. (令我吃惊的是，我听到我的名字被称为二等奖。这对我来说是一个意外，因为我从来不敢梦想获奖。)”可知，作者做梦都不敢想能得到任何奖品，所以听到自己获奖的消息后感到非常惊讶，出乎意料。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“Overall, this experience taught me the importance of encouraging others and how a few kind words can make a significant impact on someone’s life. (总的来说，这段经历教会了我鼓励他人的重要性，以及几句友善的话如何对某人的生活产生重大影响。)”可知，作者通过讲述自己的一次参赛经历来证明鼓励的重要性，所以本文打算告诉我们鼓励的话语可以对他人产生影响。故选C。 （八） Today, about 25% of the world is the wilderness, which has been largely unchanged for thousands of years. However, the last wildernesses are becoming smaller as humanity’s impact on the world continues to spread. Deforestation is opening up ever greater parts of the Amazon, with an estimated 8 million hectares of rainforest lost annually. Since 1990, around 3.3 million square kilometers of the wilderness, an area the size of India, has been lost. One of the key drivers of the surprising loss has been agriculture. A new study reveals that at least 40% of the land which could become suitable for growing crops by the 2060s is the untouched wilderness, especially the Arctic tundra (苔原) of Alaska, Canada and Russia. However, if these areas became farmland, it would destroy their biodiversity (生物多样性) and weaken efforts to limit climate change. The study calls for more research into upgrading agriculture without the need for more land, emphasizing the importance of increasing farming efficiency. While there’s no certainty that the wilderness will be changed into farmland, it may become increasingly difficult to avoid doing so. Large areas of current farmland are predicted to become too hot in the future, with at least 70% expected to support fewer crop varieties by the 2060s. If this leads to the transformation (转变) of the wilderness, humans will lose some of the most original environments remaining on Earth. Balancing the protection of the wilderness with demands for food is not easy, but is possible. Professor Ilya Maclean, a co-author of the research, says, “What we’ve seen over the last 50 years is a shift toward large fields and single-crop planting, as it’s much cheaper for a farmer to produce crops that way. But if you grow a single crop on your farm, you’re more easily affected by the uncertainties of climate change. We need to welcome farmers to the decision-making process so they can feed into agricultural policies and strategies.” The cooperation could lead to policies that encourage farms to reduce the risk of crop failures. If the measures are successful, the world can ensure that everyone has enough food to eat, while keeping our wilderness wild. 1．What do the figures in the first paragraph indicate? A．The wilderness provides valuable natural resources. B．Human activities have worsened wilderness loss. C．The Amazon region is suitable for growing crops. D．Wilderness tourism is a growing industry. 2．What recommendation does the study offer? A．Increasing research on climate issues. B．Relying on traditional farming methods. C．Turning some farmland into the wilderness. D．Promoting sustainable agricultural practices. 3．What makes it hard to prevent the transformation of the wilderness? A．Poor soil quality resulting from mixed farming. B．The lack of new policies on wildlife protection. C．Rising demand for farmland due to climate impact. D．The effect of industrial pollution on natural habitats. 4．What should farmers take into consideration based on Maclean’s words? A．Ensuring the variety of crops. B．Engaging in wilderness management. C．Growing economically efficient crops. D．Lowering the level of global warming. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上未被开发的荒野正面临着变成农田的风险。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Deforestation is opening up ever greater parts of the Amazon, with an estimated 8 million hectares of rainforest lost annually. Since 1990, around 3.3 million square kilometers of the wilderness, an area the size of India, has been lost.(森林砍伐使亚马逊地区的面积越来越大，据估计每年有800万公顷的雨林消失。自1990年以来，大约330万平方公里的荒野已经消失，面积相当于印度。)”可知，第一段中的数字说明了人类活动加剧了荒野的丧失。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“The study calls for more research into upgrading agriculture without the need for more land, emphasizing the importance of increasing farming efficiency.(该研究呼吁在不需要更多土地的情况下进行更多的农业升级研究，强调提高农业效率的重要性。)”可知，这项研究给出的建议是促进可持续农业做法。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Large areas of current farmland are predicted to become too hot in the future, with at least 70% expected to support fewer crop varieties by the 2060s.If this leads to the transformation (转变) of the wilderness, humans will lose some of the most original environments remaining on Earth.(目前的大片农田预计在未来会变得太热，到21世纪60年代，预计至少70%的农田将支持更少的作物品种。如果这导致荒野的转变，人类将失去地球上现存的一些最原始的环境。)”可知，由于气候影响，对农田的需求不断增加，我们难以阻止荒野的转变。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“But if you grow a single crop on your farm, you’re more easily affected by the uncertainties of climate change.(但如果你的农场只种一种作物，你就更容易受到气候变化不确定性的影响。)”可知，农民应考虑种植多种作物，避免过度依赖单一作物种植，以减轻气候变化带来的影响。故选A。 （九） A newly-developed Android phone app is able to remotely estimate pressure in a person’s arteries (动脉) as there heart squeezes, providing potentially life-saving details on individual health without the need for specialized equipment. Rather than having to take a trip to the doctor or use a dedicated device, individuals might one day be able to make use of the phone in their pocket, making the innovation particularly important in underserved populations where access to medical care is limited. Developed by researchers from the University of Pittsburgh, the app works by taking a variety of readings from the accelerometer, camera, and touch sensors built into modern smartphones. What makes the app smart is the way it gets users to change the position of their hands to change blood flow, and apply a number of instructed touches to the phone screen to get the right pulse pressure readings.“Because of gravity, there’s a pressure change in your thumb when you raise your hands up above your heart, and using the phone’s accelerometer, you’re able to convert that into the relative change in pressure,” says biomedical engineer Vishaal Dhamotharan from the University of Pittsburgh. In tests on 24 people and cross-referencing with a larger database, the app method detected pulse pressure to a reasonably accurate level, within around 8 mm HG. As development continues, the app accuracy level will most likely improve on that even further. The researchers admit they’ll need to work on “changing the mindset” around using pulse pressure as a blood pressure indicator — but it’s the best solution we’ve seen yet for taking this crucial reading using a normal smartphone. “Development of a portable blood pressure measurement device that does not require any external calibration (外部校准) is unrealistic — such a device currently does not exist,” says biomedical engineer Sanjeev Shroff, from the University of Pittsburgh. “The research work reported in this publication is an important step in the right direction.” 1．Why is the newly-developed phone app particularly important? A．It’s much easier to access. B．It’s money-saving. C．It’s a specialized facility. D．It’s more accurate. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about the app? A．The special function of it. B．The working principle of it. C．The purpose of developing it. D．The inspiration for developing it. 3．What can we infer about the future of the app in smartphones? A．It will have a bright prospect. B．It will come into the market soon. C．It will be built in every smartphone. D．It will replace the traditional equipment. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To test an app. B．To improve an app. C．To advertise an app. D．To introduce an app. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一款新开发的安卓手机应用程序能够通过智能手机远程估算个人动脉在心脏挤压时的压力，从而提供可能挽救生命的个人健康信息，而无需使用专用设备。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Rather than having to take a trip to the doctor or use a dedicated device, individuals might one day be able to make use of the phone in their pocket, making the innovation particularly important in underserved populations where access to medical care is limited.(人们也许有一天就能使用口袋里的手机，而不必跑一趟去看医生或使用专用设备，这使得这项创新在医疗服务匮乏、医疗服务有限的人群中尤为重要)”可知，新开发的手机应用程序特别重要是因为它更容易使用，故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Developed by researchers from the University of Pittsburgh, the app works by taking a variety of readings from the accelerometer, camera, and touch sensors built into modern smartphones. What makes the app smart is the way it gets users to change the position of their hands to change blood flow, and apply a number of instructed touches to the phone screen to get the right pulse pressure readings.(这款应用由Pittsburgh大学的研究人员开发，通过从现代智能手机内置的加速度计、摄像头和触摸传感器中获取各种读数来工作。这款应用的智能之处在于，它可以让用户改变双手的位置来改变血液流动，并在手机屏幕上进行一些指示触摸，以获得正确的脉搏压力读数)”可知，第三段主要讲的是这款应用程序的工作原理。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers admit they’ll need to work on “changing the mindset” around using pulse pressure as a blood pressure indicator — but it’s the best solution we’ve seen yet for taking this crucial reading using a normal smartphone. (研究人员承认，他们需要努力“改变思维模式”，将脉压作为血压指标，但这是我们所见过的使用普通智能手机测量这一关键读数的最佳解决方案)”及“The research work reported in this publication is an important step in the right direction.(这份报告中的研究工作是朝着正确方向迈出的重要一步)”可知，这款应用程序有光明的前景。故选A。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A newly-developed Android phone app is able to remotely estimate pressure in a person’s arteries (动脉) as there heart squeezes, providing potentially life-saving details on individual health without the need for specialized equipment.(一款新开发的安卓手机应用程序可以在心脏挤压时远程估计一个人的动脉压力，在不需要专门设备的情况下，提供可能挽救生命的个人健康细节)”可知，本文主要讲的是一款新开发的安卓手机应用程序，它能够通过智能手机远程估算个人动脉在心脏挤压时的压力，从而提供可能挽救生命的个人健康信息，而无需使用专用设备，因此本文作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一个应用程序。故选D。 （十） Luke has always been my closest and constant companion these past five years. In fact, he is very friendly to me especially when I take care of other furry friends in our shelter. There have been a lot of forest fires during the summer season. Not far from our shelter, a forest caught fire during this hot summer. Luke rushed towards the forest where flames send out a terrible heat. There’s no longer any hope at the moment to wait for Luke to come back to the shelter. In fact, I was waiting for the firemen to announce me his death in the forest. Suddenly, a fireman burst into my office and informed me that my dog Luke succeeded in saving four cats which were trapped by the flames. Luke seized the kittens, one by one moving them to a safe place. I immediately accompanied the fireman to the forest to pick up the rescued kittens, but Luke was not there. Then we heard the sound of a dog came from the forest barking furiously. The firemen followed the tracks of the dog until they found him barking loudly by the side of an injured fireman who was lying on the ground. That day, I was very proud of Luke for his two heroic actions. I paid a visit to the fireman accompanied with my adorable Luke. What a memorable scene when the fireman hugged Luke tightly to his chest! “One thousand thanks, Luke, for saving my life,” the fireman said. This true story of love and compassion shows us that pets are loving, caring and compassionate. We should love and protect them. Don’t belittle them. Little animals can make enormous things for humans. 1．At the very beginning the author thought ________. A．Luke ran away from the shelter for ever. B．Luke was afraid of big fire C．Luke was killed by the big fire. D．Luke was able to save all the people 2．The reason why the author was proud of Luke was that ________. A．Luke rescued four cats and a fireman from the fire B．Luke warned people of the coming fire C．Luke took care of other furry animals in the shelter D．Luke has always been my closest and constant companion 3．The underlined word “belittle”in the last paragraph probably means “________”. A．Make things small B．Look down upon C．Show respect for D．Make enemy with 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To stress the role of pets in people life. B．To persuade people to keep pets. C．To call attention to the danger big fire. D．To share a story of love and compassion of pets with us. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者所待的收容所里的小狗Luke在一次大火中英勇救出四只小猫和一个消防队员的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中的There’s no longer any hope at the moment to wait for Luke to come back. In fact, I was waiting for the firemen to announce me his death in the forest.可知，现在已经没有希望等Luke回来了。事实上，作者一直在等着消防员在森林里宣布它的死讯。由此可知，作者原以为Luke在大火中身亡了。故选C。 2．细节理解题。文章主要讲述了作者所待的收容所里的小狗Luke在一次大火中英勇救出四只小猫和一个消防队员的故事，对Luke的英勇行为感动，作者感到非常自豪。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据最后一段We should love and protect them.及Little animals can make enormous things for humans.可知，我们应该爱他们，保护他们。小动物可以为人类做很多事情。由此可知，作者呼吁我们不要瞧不起动物，因为它们也能为人类做出巨大贡献。故选B。 4．推理判断题。文章主要讲述了作者所待的收容所里的小狗Luke在一次大火中英勇救出四只小猫和一个消防队员的故事，因此可以推断出作者讲述Luke的英勇行为是为了与读者分享Luke的爱与同情心的故事。故选D。 （十一） Medha Pappula, an eighth-grader at Brambleton Middle School, is using her skill set to solve a problem — bullying（霸凌）. She recently earned an award (获奖) from National Bullying Prevention Center (NBPC) for her anti-bullying efforts in software development and animation (动画). Pappula, 13, said she discovered that a classmate had experienced cyberbullying（网络霸凌）, which was painful for her to learn about. “Even though I didn’t experience it, I wouldn’t wish that on anyone, even my worst enemy,” Pappula said. Then she developed a program that recognizes when digital and text-based messages include bullying language. The program takes a message, and then recognizes signs of bullying and gives a rating to the cyberbullying, the teen said. If the rating is high, she said, “the program can be used to carry out things like removing that message or reporting it.” Pappula first designed and tested the program for Discord, a popular community-based messaging platform (平台), and said she plans to develop it for even bigger platforms like Facebook and Twitter. In addition to this program, the NBPC awarded Pappula for a three-minute animated video about Unity Day, which she created and shared on YouTube last October. Unity Day, according to the video, was started by the NBPC in 2011 to raise bullying awareness among school-age children. Schools encourage their students to wear orange on Unity Day, as it is “a color that is connected with safety,” the website reads. Pappula visited different websites to develop her animation skills several years ago. She spent more than a month creating her 2-D animated video using an animation software called Krita. The effort paid off, as nearly 6,000 people have already viewed the “Unity Day” video on YouTube. Along with being posted to the NBPC webpage, her animation was also shared by Cartoon Network. Moving forward, Pappula hopes to continue to work with the NBPC and to use her skills to lift those around her. 1．How did Pappula feel about bullying? A．It upset her life a lot. B．It could be stopped easily. C．It happened online most often. D．It shouldn’t happen to anyone. 2．How does Pappula’s program work? A．By sending voice messages. B．By removing useless messages. C．By sending its users important reports. D．By grading messages according to the language used. 3．What did Pappula do to make the animated video? A．She asked the NBPC for help. B．She taught herself animation. C．She learned from an expert. D．She created Krita. 4．Which word can best describe Pappula? A．Honest. B．Caring. C．Polite. D．Proud. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了善良的女孩Pappula致力于解决网络欺凌问题的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Pappula, 13, said she discovered that a classmate had experienced cyberbullying（网络霸凌）, which was painful for her to learn about. “Even though I didn’t experience it, I wouldn’t wish that on anyone, even my worst enemy,” Pappula said.(13岁的Pappula说，她发现一位同学经历过网络欺凌，这让她很痛苦。Pappula说：“尽管我没有经历过，但我不希望发生在任何人身上，即使是我最大的敌人。”)”可知，Pappula不希望网络欺凌发生在任何人身上。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The program takes a message, and then recognizes signs of bullying and gives a rating to the cyberbullying, the teen said.(这名青少年说，该程序接收信息，然后识别欺凌的迹象，并对网络欺凌进行评级。)”可知，该程序就是通过给接收到的信息评级来运行的。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Pappula visited different websites to develop her animation skills several years ago. She spent more than a month creating her 2-D animated video using an animation software called Krita.(几年前，Pappula访问了不同的网站来发展她的动画技能。她花了一个多月的时间使用一个名为Krita的动画软件制作了她的二维动画视频。)”可知，Pappula通过自学学会了动画视频制作。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Medha Pappula, an eighth-grader at Brambleton Middle School, is using her skill set to solve a problem — bullying.(Brambleton中学八年级学生Medha Pappula正在用她的技能解决一个问题——欺凌。)”可知，Pappula是一个很善良、关心他人的青少年，她致力于用自身所学解决网络欺凌问题。故选B项。 （十二） I switched to a flip phone. It vastly improved my life. I felt empty and frustrated at how much time I spent on my smartphone. So I spent the last five years steadily stripping my phone down to the basics. Social media was the first to go, then email, then news apps, and then even internet browsers. I long considered switching to a flip phone, but I always found an excuse to stay. Ultimately it was two of my students, 15- and 18-year-old sisters, who pushed me over the edge. Word spread around school that they had bought flip phones. If they were brave enough to take the plunge, I could, too. I spent $9 on a flip phone, plus $120 for a year of unlimited talk and text on a new number. For the last five months, I haven’t carried a smartphone with me, just my flip phone. This is the charming, romantic side of owning a flip phone: more conversations, more eye contact, more connection. The separation between work and life is much more noticeable. I don’t overthink work emails all day, since I no longer carry my work email in my pocket. I am living more like my creative, curious, phone-free children. This all sounds wonderful because it is wonderful. And now it’s confession time: I still have my smartphone. As it turns out, our addiction to smartphones is not just on an individual level. Intentionally or not, we have built structures that depend upon smartphone access, making it an essential feature of modern life. While most of the flip phone inconveniences are charming, some of them are so frustrating that they make you want to pull your hair out. Despite that, I will continue to use a flip phone as my primary phone so I don’t have to carry a smartphone with me. And I will continue to evangelize for it. I hope many others get flip phones. We will all be better for it. If nothing else, it’ll be nice to have more people to talk to in the grocery line. 1．What ultimately caused the author to switch to a flip phone? A．Disturbance of social media. B．Inspiration from his students. C．Time overspent on his smartphone. D．Negative feelings to smartphones. 2．What happened after the author used a flip phone? A．More interactions with people. B．Less work assignments. C．More time with his children. D．Low work effeciency. 3．What can be inferred about the author? A．Belief that flip phones are completely without inconveniences. B．Thought that smartphone addiction is solely an individual problem. C．Complete abandonment of smartphones for flip phones. D．Belief in widespread integration and importance of smartphones in modern society. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To recommend using a flip phone. B．To advocate living without a smartphone. C．To share his story of switching to a flip phone. D．To stress the disadvantages of having a smartphone. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从智能手机切换到翻盖手机的经历，描述了这一改变带来的生活质量提升，如更多的社交互动和更清晰的工作与生活界限，同时也坦诚了现代社会对智能手机的依赖。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I long considered switching to a flip phone, but I always found an excuse to stay. Ultimately it was two of my students, 15- and 18-year-old sisters, who pushed me over the edge. Word spread around school that they had bought flip phones. If they were brave enough to take the plunge, I could, too. (我一直在考虑换一部翻盖手机，但我总能找到留下的理由。最终是我的两个学生，15岁和18岁的姐妹，把我推到了悬崖边上。她们买翻盖手机的消息在学校里传开了。如果她们有足够的勇气冒险，我也可以。)”可知，从学生那里得到的鼓舞最终促使作者改用了翻盖手机。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“This is the charming, romantic side of owning a flip phone: more conversations, more eye contact, more connection. (这是拥有翻盖手机迷人、浪漫的一面：更多的对话、更多的目光接触、更多的联系。)”可知，在作者使用翻盖手机后，与人们的互动增多了。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“As it turns out, our addiction to smartphones is not just on an individual level. Intentionally or not, we have built structures that depend upon smartphone access, making it an essential feature of modern life. (事实证明，我们对智能手机的沉迷不仅仅是个人的问题。无论有意无意，我们已经建立了依赖智能手机接入的结构，使其成为现代生活的一个基本特征。)”可知，作者指出使用智能手机并不仅仅是个人的选择，现代社会的结构也依赖智能手机。由此可知，作者认为智能手机与现代社会广泛融合，发挥重要作用。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“And I will continue to evangelize for it. I hope many others get flip phones. We will all be better for it. (我将继续宣传它。我希望更多的人买翻盖手机。我们都会因此变得更好。)”可知，作者详细讲述了自己从智能手机切换到翻盖手机的经历，包括动机、体验和感受，着重突出了这一改变带来的生活质量提升。由此可知，作者的写作目的应该是推荐使用翻盖手机。故选A项。 （十三） While tea may have its origins in Asia, now it has found its way into their food culture and traditions in many countries. It is a special way of connecting people all over the world in different ways and ceremonies. That finally all results in a group of people sitting together and enjoying a cup of tea. Chinese tea culture Since China is considered as the birthplace of tea, it is no wonder that Chinese tea culture is rich in history and tradition. Today, Chinese tea continues to be used in Chinese medicine and is commonly used on both formal and informal occasions either for personal enjoyment or as a Chinese cultural tradition. Japanese tea culture Japan also has a long history with tea, especially Japanese Matcha, which is a kind of ground green tea. Japanese tea is commonly used in Japanese tea ceremonies and only in recent years has become popular in western culture. British tea culture When it comes to British tea, British tea culture is what comes to mind. A hot cup of Earl Grey tea often serves with a little milk and a biscuit in the afternoon as a pick-me-up for the day, which makes you feel better and more energetic. Even though tea may not be native to England, this British tea tradition is still going strong today. Moroccan tea culture When you visit Morocco, it is hard to miss the outstanding tea culture that is such a special way to welcome guests. Before any gathering, a pot of mint(薄荷)tea is always prepared and served among the host and guests. This is an expression of Moroccan tradition and kindness, which should always be accepted by guests as a sign of appreciation and respect to the host. 1．What do Chinese and Japanese tea cultures have in common? A．They have a long history. B．They are used in medicine. C．They are well known for green tea. D．They have long been widely recognized. 2．Why do the British prefer the afternoon tea? A．To show kindness. B．To get new energy. C．To bring out respect D．To observe a tradition. 3．What word can best describe Moroccan people? A．Honest. B．Confident. C．Grateful. D．Friendly. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。虽然茶起源于亚洲，但如今世界上许多国家的饮食文化和传统中都融入了茶的元素。文章主要介绍了中国、日本、英国和摩洛哥的茶文化。 1．推理判断题。根据Chinese tea culture部分中“Since China is considered as the birthplace of tea, it is no wonder that Chinese tea culture is rich in history and tradition.(由于中国被认为是茶的发源地，难怪中国茶文化具有丰富的历史和传统。)”以及Japanese tea culture部分中“Japan also has a long history with tea, especially Japanese Matcha.(日本也有悠久的茶历史，尤其是日本抹茶。)”可知，中国和日本茶文化的特点是有着悠久的历史。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据British tea culture部分中“ A hot cup of Earl Grey tea often serves with a little milk and a biscuit in the afternoon as a pick-me-up for the day, which makes you feel better and more energetic.(下午喝一杯热伯爵茶，加一点牛奶和一块饼干，提神醒脑，让你感觉更好，更有活力。)”可知，英国下午茶是为了让人们感觉更有活力。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据Moroccan tea culture部分中“This is an expression of Moroccan tradition and kindness, which should always be accepted by guests as a sign of appreciation and respect to the host.(这是摩洛哥传统和善良的表现，客人应该始终接受这一点，以表示对主人的欣赏和尊重。)”可知，摩洛哥的茶文化是非常友好的。故选D。 （十四） When a new product totally fails, companies typically try to move on as quickly as possible and put all of their energy into developing fresh ideas that they hope will catch on. But the Museum of Failure never forgets. This traveling exhibition, which was first launched in Sweden in 2017, has arrived in New York City. By focusing on more than 150 commercial ideas that didn’t succeed for various reasons, the exhibition aims to stimulate discussion about accepting and learning from failure, for example, new Coke, limeade-flavored Oreo cookies, crystal Pepsi and a “hula chair” for exercise. The exhibition is organized by Samuel West, a clinical psychologist who specializes in organizational science. He hopes it could help normalize and interpret the concept of failure, which he sees as a critical learning opportunity. “My research is focused on helping organizations to be more innovative,” West says. “And one of the big problems of innovation is the fear of failure.” Indeed, many of the brands featured in the Museum of Failure haven’t let one or two frustrated efforts stand in their way. For example, Oreo has made plenty of delicious new flavors, and both Coca-Cola and PepsiCo are still booming. “People feel liberated when they see big well-known brands and companies that have a lot of money and skills and experience still fail when trying new things,” West says. “People feel liberated, like ‘big boys’ can fail, so why can’t we?” The exhibition has interactive features like a “Share Your Failure” wall, where visitors can write their own mistakes on sticky notes. West says, “We want people to take meaningful risks and learn from them. That’s where the action is, when it comes to innovation: People trying something new, accepting the level of risk that comes with it and learning from it if the new thing fails. You fail but you gain insight, build on it, try a different version, tinker(修补) and come back again with something better.” 1．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The fame of big brands. B．The difficulty of innovation. C．The purpose of the exhibition. D．The importance of fresh ideas. 2．What does Samuel West think of failure? A．Costly. B．Relative. C．Unavoidable. D．Valuable. 3．What do Samuel West’s words in paragraph 4 show? A．His exhibition is easy for people to understand. B．Big companies are supportive of the exhibition. C．The exhibition can help reduce people’s fear of failure. D．Innovation spirit is of great importance to big companies. 4．What did Samuel West suggest people do in terms of innovation? A．Try to avoid risks. B．Learn from failure. C．Refer to big brands’ ideas. D．Put all your energy into it. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是“失败博物馆”展览及其意义。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“By focusing on more than 150 commercial ideas that didn’t succeed for various reasons, the exhibition aims to stimulate discussion about accepting and learning from failure, for example, new Coke, limeade-flavored Oreo cookies, crystal Pepsi and a “hula chair” for exercise.(该展览聚焦于150多个因各种原因未能成功的商业创意，旨在激发人们关于接受失败并从失败中学习的讨论，例如新口味的可乐、青柠口味的奥利奥饼干、水晶百事可乐以及一款用于锻炼的呼啦椅。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是展览的目的。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“He hopes it could help normalize and interpret the concept of failure, which he sees as a critical learning opportunity.(他希望这能帮助正常化和解释失败的概念，他认为这是一个重要的学习机会。)”可知，Samuel West认为失败是有价值的。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““People feel liberated when they see big well-known brands and companies that have a lot of money and skills and experience still fail when trying new things,” West says. “People feel liberated, like ‘big boys’ can fail, so why can’t we?”(“当人们看到那些拥有大量资金、技能和经验的大品牌和大公司在尝试新事物时仍然失败时，他们会感到解脱，”West说，“人们会感到解脱，就像‘大人物’也会失败一样，那么我们为什么不能呢？”)”可知，Samuel West在第四段的话说明了这个展览可以帮助减少人们对失败的恐惧。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“We want people to take meaningful risks and learn from them. That’s where the action is, when it comes to innovation: People trying something new, accepting the level of risk that comes with it and learning from it if the new thing fails.(我们希望人们能够承担有意义的风险并从中学习。当谈到创新时，这就是关键所在：人们尝试新事物，接受伴随而来的风险，如果新事物失败了，就从中吸取教训。)”可知，Samuel West在创新方面建议人们从失败中学习。故选B。 （十五） Laughter comes in many forms, from a polite chuckle to an infectious howl of amusement. Scientists are now developing an AI system that can copy various forms of laughter accurately. The team behind the laughing robot, Erica, say that the system could improve natural conversations between people and AI systems. Dr. Koji Inoue, lead author of the research from Kyoto University, highlights empathy (共情) as a crucial aspect of conversational AI, suggesting laughter sharing as a means for robots to connect with users. To achieve this, Inoue and his team gathered data from over 80 speed-dating dialogues between male students and Erica, initially operated by amateur actors. Dialogue data labeled for individual, social, and joyful laughter was used to train an AI system to identify and produce fitting laughter responses. Based on the audio files, the algorithm (算法) learned their subtle differences, aiming to imitate social laughs subtly and hearty laughs empathetically. “Our biggest challenge in this work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter,” explained Inoue, emphasizing the need for careful categorization. Erica’s “sense of humor” was tested with four dialogues, integrating the new shared-laughter algorithm. These were compared to cases where Erica didn’t laugh or emitted social laughs upon detecting laughter. The clips were played to 130 volunteers who rated the shared-laughter algorithm highly for empathy and naturalness. The team believed laughter could imbue robots with unique character traits, including conversational behaviors like laughter, eye gaze, gestures, and speaking style. However, Inoue acknowledged it could take over 20 years to have a “casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.” Professor Sandra Wachter, of the Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford, said, “One of the things I’d keep in mind is that a robot or algorithm will never be able to understand you. It doesn’t understand the meaning of laughter. They fail to feel, but they might get very good at making you believe they understand what’s going on.” 1．Why do scientists develop the AI system that can copy various forms of laughter? A．To make robots sound more human-like. B．To help robots understand human emotions better. C．To enable robots to have a sense of humor like humans. D．To enhance the emotional interaction between people and AI systems. 2．What was the challenge Inoue faced while working on this project? A．Creating an algorithm that can genuinely feel amusement. B．Identifying the situations where laughter is truly understood. C．Distinguishing between different types of laughter accurately. D．Collecting sufficient data for training the machine learning system. 3．What does the underlined word “imbue” mean in Paragraph 5? A．Equip. B．Inspire. C．Engage. D．Influence. 4．What is Professor Sandra Wachter’s view on laughing robots? A．They are not capable of capturing human laughter. B．They can imitate laughter but lack thorough comprehension. C．It is possible for them to play tricks on humans occasionally. D．It will take long before humans have comfortable conversations with them. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家正在研究的一款可以笑的机器人。 1．推理判断题。由文章第一段“The team behind the laughing robot, Erica, say that the system could improve natural conversations between people and AI systems.(大笑机器人背后的团队Erica表示，该系统可以改善人与人工智能系统之间的自然对话。)”可知，科学家开发了一种可以复制各种笑声的人工智能系统，以增强人与人工智能系统之间的情感互动。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。由文章第四段“‘Our biggest challenge in this work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter,’ explained Inoue, emphasizing the need for careful categorization.(Inoue解释道：“我们在这项工作中最大的挑战是识别共同大笑的实际案例。”他强调了仔细分类的必要性。)”以及“Erica’s ‘sense of humor’ was tested with four dialogues, integrating the new shared-laughter algorithm. These were compared to cases where Erica didn’t laugh or emitted social laughs upon detecting laughter.(Erica的‘幽默感’通过四个对话进行了测试，整合了新的共享笑声算法。将这些与Erica在检测到笑声时不笑或发出社交笑声的情况进行了比较。)”可知，Inoue在这个项目中面临的挑战是确定笑声的情况是否真正理解。故选B项。 3．词句猜测题。由文章第五段“The clips were played to 130 volunteers who rated the shared-laughter algorithm highly for empathy and naturalness. The team believed laughter could imbue robots with unique character traits, including conversational behaviors like laughter, eye gaze, gestures, and speaking style. (这些片段被播放给了130名志愿者，他们对共享笑声算法的同理心和自然度给予了高度评价。研究小组认为，笑声可以imbue机器人独特的性格特征，包括大笑、眼神凝视、手势和说话风格等对话行为。)”可推测，这里表示笑声可以赋予机器人独特的性格特征，所以猜测imbue表“使……具备”的意思。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“One of the things I’d keep in mind is that a robot or algorithm will never be able to understand you. It doesn’t understand the meaning of laughter. They fail to feel, but they might get very good at making you believe they understand what’s going on.(我要记住的一件事是，机器人或算法永远无法理解你。它不理解笑的含义。他们没有感觉，但他们可能会非常善于让你相信他们了解发生了什么。)”可知，Sandra Wachter认为会笑的机器人可以模仿笑声，但缺乏全面的理解能力。故选B项。 （十六） The animated film Ne Zha 2, released on January 29, 2025, has become a huge success in the film industry. Directed by the famous Jiaozi (Yang Yu), it continues the exciting story of Ne Zha (哪吒) and Ao Bing (敖丙) from the first movie. After surviving a terrible disaster called the “Heavenly Tribulation (天劫),” Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their physical bodies. Their souls were in great danger until Taiyi Zhenren (太乙真人), a wise immortal from Chinese mythology, saved them using a magical seven-colored lotus. However, peace did not last long. Their souls began to disappear again, forcing Taiyi Zhenren to face a difficult task — rebuilding their bodies with limited materials while solving unexpected problems. The film shows remarkable character growth. Ne Zha, once known for his rebellious nature, learns to care deeply for his friends and understand his true self. His friend Ao Bing, who used to struggle with personal troubles, transforms into a brave warrior. In one powerful scene, Ao Bing declares courageously, “If there’s no path, I’ll create one!” Visually, the movie is a feast for the eyes. It begins with thrilling scenes of flowing lava like wild rivers and terrifying sea monsters jumping out of the water, making viewers feel as if they are part of the action. Later, the story takes the audience to Kunlun Mountain (昆仑山) a magical place from Chinese myths filled with colorful landscapes and graceful fairy-like creatures. The most unforgettable part is the final battle, where characters use amazing weapons like the shape-changing Tianyuan Ding (天元鼎). The fast paced fighting and brilliant special effects leave a strong impression. Beyond the action, Ne Zha 2 teaches important life lessons. It encourages people to stay brave when facing difficulties, fight for what is right, and value friendship. These themes resonate with both young and adult audiences. The film has broken box office records, earning an astonishing amount in its first week. It also received high praise from critics and viewers, currently holding an 8.6/10 rating on major review platforms. Many praise its perfect mix of cultural elements, exciting storytelling, and positive messages. 1．What happened to Ne Zha and Ao Bing after the “Heavenly Tribulation”? A．They got stronger powers. B．They lost their physical bodies. C．They became best friends immediately. D．They went to live in Kunlun Mountain. 2．Why did Taiyi Zhenren have a difficult task? A．Because he had to fight against the sea monsters. B．Because he needed to teach Ne Zha and Ao Bing new skills. C．Because their souls started to disappear again and he had to rebuild their bodies with limited materials. D．Because he had to find a way to stop the “Heavenly Tribulation” from happening again. 3．What important life lesson does “Ne Zha 2” NOT teach? A．To always follow the rules. B．To stay brave when facing difficulties. C．To fight for what is right. D．To value friendship. 4．How was the film received by critics and viewers? A．It was poorly rated. B．It received high praise and currently has an 8.6/10 rating on major review platforms. C．It was only liked by young audiences. D．It had mixed reviews. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇影评。主要讲述了2025年1月29日上映的动画电影《哪吒2》的剧情、人物成长、视觉效果以及它所传达的重要人生道理。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“After surviving a terrible disaster called the “Heavenly Tribulation (天劫),” Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their physical bodies.(在经历了“天劫”这场灾难后，哪吒和敖丙失去了他们的肉身)”可知，哪吒和敖丙在“天劫”后失去了肉身。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Their souls began to disappear again, forcing Taiyi Zhenren to face a difficult task — rebuilding their bodies with. limited materials while solving unexpected problems.(他们的灵魂再次开始消失，迫使太乙真人面临一个艰巨的任务——在材料有限的情况下重建他们的身体，同时解决意外问题)”可知，太乙真人的艰巨任务是在材料有限的情况下重建他们的身体。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“It encourages people to stay brave when facing difficulties, fight for what is right, and value friendship.(它鼓励人们在面对困难时保持勇敢，为正义而战，并珍视友谊)”可知，电影没有传达“始终遵守规则”这一主题。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“It also received high praise from critics and viewers, currently holding an 8.6/10 rating on major review platforms.(它还获得了影评人和观众的高度评价，目前在主要评论平台上保持着8.6/10的评分)”可知，电影获得了高度评价，评分为8.6/10。故选B。 （十七） Business Etiquette (礼仪) Workshop for the Professional Our Business Etiquette Workshop for Professionals (BEWP) will polish up your personal brand and give you the confidence needed for serial success.Make a positive and powerful first impression · Project confidence with your greeting · Positive and negative body language · Speak in the tight toneBusiness communications and office manners · Business meeting manners · Cellphone etiquette & texting · Email communicationsNetwork know-how · How to start and keep a conversation · How to hold your food and drinks · Business card exchangeThe professional image · How the right colors enhance your appearance · Professional dress for men · Wardrobe and make-up tips for womenBusiness dining etiquette and table manners · Extending an invitation & duties of the host and guest · Seating arrangements in a business setting · Paying the bill and tippingFive-hour workshop includes: · Professional training workshop · Training manual (指南) · Four-course lunch · Workshop training certificateWorkshop fee: $495.00 per person Business professionals, small business owners and college graduates will benefit greatly from our workshop. If you are interested in taking any of the classes or courses mentioned above, we would love to know a little bit about you. Please click the link to fill out our Registration Form so we may provide you with the best service.Organize a group Business Etiquette Workshop for the Professional may be booked for private groups. Pricing will vary depending on the size of your group. For more information please call 480-510-6346 or email Sue Brown at info@itsallaboutetiquette.com. 1．What can you learn in BEWP? A．How to keep a healthy diet. B．How to be polite on the phone. C．How to use the Internet wisely. D．How to manage time effectively. 2．What will you get if you attend BEWP? A．Four-course free supper. B．A computer manual. C．Business suits. D．A certificate. 3．How can people acquire more information about BEWP? A．By texting. B．By writing a letter. C．By sending an email. D．By visiting Sue Brown’s office. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了关于BEWP的一些信息。包括它的课程内容、给参与者提供的服务、费用，以及报名渠道等。 1．细节理解题。根据“Business communications and office manners”部分的“Cellphone etiquette(手机礼仪)”可知，你可以在BEWP里学到如何在使用手机方面表现礼貌。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Five-hour workshop includes”部分的“Workshop training certificate(研讨会培训证书)”可知，你将会得到一份证书。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“For more information please call 480-510-6346 or email Sue Brown at info@itsallaboutetiquette.com.(欲了解更多信息，请致电480-510-6346或发邮件至Sue Brown info@itsallaboutetiquette.com。)”可知，人们可以通过发送电子邮件来获得更多关于BEWP的信息。故选C。 （十八） People often take the ability to communicate for granted, but when you grow up with a sibling who is nonverbal, it changes the way you look at the world. Archer Calder is a high school student from Utah. His sister Della, two years younger than him, has a rare genetic condition called Bainbridge-ropes syndrome. Even though Della isn’t able to speak, he and her brother are very close. Two years ago, Archer was searching online for an ape that might help Della express her needs, wants, likes, and dislikes. However, he found that the available alps were too expensive, and didn’t offer everything he was looking for. Since Archer has always loved coding and computer programming, he decided to make his own ape. Apart from that, Archer was determined to make his ape better than the rest, completely open source, and free. That’s how Freespeech was born. Archer said he decided to help his sister communicate because he wanted to hear her thoughts, but he also had a deeper reason. Growing up, he had a stutter(口吃)that kept him from expressing himself. It took him four years of speech therapy to overcome the difficulty, and the feeling of not being able to get his words out suck with him. Free speech refers to the augmentative and alternative communication(AAC)that helps people communicate by pressing buttons that represent words. Users like Della can make sentenced by pressing multiple buttons in a sequence. It opens up a whole new world of communication for people who are nonverbal. Now Della can communicate like anybody else, through the iPad. Archer first put it on TikTok, and the response was so positive that he continued sharing it on Git Hub, where experienced programmer helped beef it up. Archer said even if Free speech could only help one person, his sister, all the time and effort he put in was worth it. 1．What do we know about Archer? A．He gets along well with Della. B．He likes collecting electronic device. C．He has the same physical condition as Della. D．He works part-time as a computer programmer. 2．What does Archer probably think of the available alps online? A．Disappointing. B．Surprising. C．Interesting. D．Inspiring. 3．What is Archer’s deeper drive to design Free speech? A．His enthusiasm for computer programming. B．His willingness to help his sister. C．His high expectation of success. D．His early experiences. 4．How do users apply Free speech to expressing the information? A．By pushing buttons representing different words. B．By uploading their voice into it. C．By spelling important keywords. D．By learning gesture from it. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。阿彻妹妹无法言语，现有交流应用欠佳，阿彻凭借自身经历开发 FreeSpeech，助力妹妹及更多人交流 。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Even though Della isn’t able to speak, he and her brother are very close.(尽管黛拉不能说话，但他和妹妹关系非常亲密。)”可知，阿彻和黛拉相处得很好。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“However, he found that the available apps were too expensive, and didn’t offer everything he was looking for.(然而，他发现现有的应用程序太昂贵，且无法提供他所寻找的所有功能。)”可知，现有应用在价格和功能上让阿彻失望，所以推测阿彻对网上现有的应用程序感到失望。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“Growing up, he had a stutter that kept him from expressing himself. It took him four years of speech therapy to overcome the difficulty, and the feeling of not being able to get his words out stuck with him.(在成长过程中，他口吃，无法表达自己。他花了四年时间进行言语治疗才克服了这个困难，无法说出话来的感觉一直困扰着他。)”可知，阿彻设计Free speech更深层次的动力源于他早期口吃无法表达自己的经历。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Free speech refers to the augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) that helps people communicate by pressing buttons that represent words.(Free speech 指的是辅助和替代性沟通（AAC），它通过按下代表单词的按钮来帮助人们进行交流。)”可知，用户通过按下代表不同单词的按钮来使用Free speech 表达信息。故选A 。 （十九） Parrots live extremely long partly due to their relatively large brains, an international team of researchers has discovered. Simeon Smeele, a doctoral student at the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, led the study, the results of which were published in March in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B． When it comes to lifespan (寿命), birds truly stand out. Lifespan tends to increase with an  animal’s body size, roughly speaking. Thus, the bigger the animal, the longer they live. But a bird tends to live much longer than a comparably-sized mammal (哺乳动物). One theory is that birds’ ability to fly means they are less at risk from the animals that kill them, which reduces their risk of being eaten, decreases stress, and frees up bodily resources for growth. And among birds, parrots are the aging champions. The confirmed longest living bird was Cookie, a Major Mitchell’s cockatoo (a species of parrot), who lived at the Brookfield Zoo in Illinois for all but one of his 83 years. Though cockatoos often weigh around a pound, they usually live for four decades. Most of the other 398 parrot species also live longer than other birds of similar size. What sets parrots apart? In the new research, Smeele and his colleagues gathered data on over 130,000 individual parrots held in more than 1,000 zoos, representing 217 species. Through this data, they created reliable estimates of the average lifespan for each species. They next searched for a link between each species’ lifespan and its relative brain size and found a clear, positive correspondence. Parrot species with larger brains relative to their body size lived longer than species with smaller brains. “This supports the idea that in general larger brains make species more flexible and allow them to live longer,” Smeele said in a statement. “For example, if they run out of their favorite food, they could learn to find something new and thus survive.” He added, “All parrots have relatively large brain sizes compared to most other birds.” Researchers have previously shown that, when trained, some parrots can recognize and understand objects, colors, and shapes, and even speak with an impressive vocabulary. They can even match five-year-old humans on basic tests of intelligence. 1．What may cause birds’ long life? A．Their big body size. B．Their ability to fly. C．Their less adventurous nature. D．Their slow-paced lifestyle. 2．What do we know about parrots according to the text? A．They outlive other similar-sized birds. B．They live longer in the zoo than in the wild. C．They have an average lifespan of four decades. D．They live in relatively less competitive environments. 3．What does the underlined word “correspondence” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Goal. B．Evidence. C．Difference D．Connection. 4．What does the author want to stress with the example in Paragraph5? A．Parrots find it hard to survive nowadays. B．Bigger brains give parrots more adaptability(适应性). C．Parrots like to discover new things by nature. D．Bigger brains aid parrots with their social ability. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一个国际研究小组发现，鹦鹉的寿命非常长，部分原因是它们的大脑相对较大。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及关于鹦鹉寿命长的发现。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“One theory is that birds’ ability to fly means they are less at risk from the animals that kill them, which reduces their risk of being eaten, decreases stress, and frees up bodily resources for growth.(一种理论认为，鸟类的飞行能力意味着它们受到杀死它们的动物的威胁较小，这降低了它们被吃掉的风险，减轻了压力，并为生长释放了身体资源)”可知，飞行能力导致鸟类长寿。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Most of the other 398 parrot species also live longer than other birds of similar size.(其他398种鹦鹉中的大多数也比其他类似大小的鸟类寿命更长)”可知，鹦鹉比其他类似大小的鸟类寿命长。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“They next searched for a link between each species’ lifespan and its relative brain size and found a clear, positive”以及后文“Parrot species with larger brains relative to their body size lived longer than species with smaller brains.(与体型相比，大脑较大的鹦鹉比大脑较小的鹦鹉寿命更长)”可知，研究人员寻找每个物种的寿命与其相对大脑大小之间的联系，发现两者之间存在一个明确的、积极的对应联系，即“与体型相比，大脑较大的鹦鹉比大脑较小的鹦鹉寿命更长”。故划线词意思是“联系”。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段““This supports the idea that in general larger brains make species more flexible and allow them to live longer,” Smeele said in a statement. “For example, if they run out of their favorite food, they could learn to find something new and thus survive.” He added, “All parrots have relatively large brain sizes compared to most other birds.”(Smeele在一份声明中说：“这支持了一个观点，即一般来说，更大的大脑使物种更灵活，并使它们活得更长。”“例如，如果它们吃完了最喜欢的食物，它们可以学会寻找新的食物，从而生存下来。”他补充说：“与大多数其他鸟类相比，所有鹦鹉的大脑体积都相对较大。”)”可推知，作者想用第5段的例子强调大脑越大，鹦鹉的适应能力就越强。故选B。 （二十） For many people, breakfast — often called the most important meal of the day — is also the day’s least-exciting meal. Foods at breakfast are typically simple, quick, and easy to prepare and eat. And when people find a breakfast option they like, they generally stick with it, day after day, scientists have found. When researchers evaluated the daily eating habits in thousands of U. S. And French study subjects, they saw that people repeatedly ate the same thing for breakfast and were happy to do so. By comparison, when those people sat down to have lunch or dinner, they expected greater variety and wanted a more pleasurable experience from their meals. Researchers analyzed data in which a group of l, 275 American volunteers and a group of 2, 624 French volunteers reported what they ate for different meals to find patterns in meal experiences. They discovered that in both groups, 68 % of the participants ate the same breakfast at least twice in one week, and French people did so even more often than Americans did. By comparison, just 9 % of the people repeated a dinner they had already eaten and this repetition was higher for the American participants than for the French participants. The researchers then proposed that psychological (心理的) factors could also map onto circadian rhythms (昼夜节律) to further push people toward certain meal choice. Early in the day, when energy levels are higher, people tend to make practical choice. This makes it more likely that they’d be guided by practicality over pleasure when eating breakfast and would therefore be satisfied with a meal choice that they don’t have to think about too much. And it would be more possible for them to find one breakfast they like and then eat the same thing over and over again, according to the study. But as the day progresses, and a person’s energy increased and decreased, the importance of practical goals reduces. Pleasure-sacking becomes more important, and a person would then be more likely to seek variety in tastes and texture. However, even though culture, biology, and psychology make it seem natural to seek practical goals for breakfast, by consciously introducing variation into weekday breakfasts, breakfast can become much more enjoyable, which can help set a more positive tone for the rest of the day. 1．What did the researchers find in their study? A．People have realized the benefits of eating breakfast. B．People think it hard to find their favorite breakfast. C．People usually spend a lot of time on cooking. D．People tend to repeat their breakfast option. 2．Which method did the researchers most likely use to collect data? A．Making surveys. B．Performing experiments. C．Working with local restaurants. D．Observing participants’ daily diets. 3．What did the researchers conclude from people’s circadian rhythms? A．Eating regularly contributes to good health. B．People’s attitudes towards breakfast vary throughout the day. C．People’s mood is the decisive factor in choosing their breakfast. D．Energy changes throughout the day greatly affect people’s food choices. 4．Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A．The Significance of Breakfast in Our Daily Life B．Breakfast Habits: Why We Repeat C．Differences in Meal Choices between Americans and French D．The Influence of Circadian Rhythms on Our Eating Patterns 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，属于“人与自我”主题语境。文章介绍了一项关于早餐选择与心情的研究。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“And when people find a breakfast option they like, they generally stick with it, day after day, scientists have found.(科学家发现，当人们找到自己喜欢的早餐选择时，他们通常会日复一日地坚持下去)”可知，人们倾向于重复自己的早餐选择。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Researchers analyzed data in which a group of l, 275 American volunteers and a group of 2, 624 French volunteers reported what they ate for different meals to find patterns in meal experiences.(研究人员分析了一组由1275名美国志愿者和2624名法国志愿者组成的数据，这些数据报告了他们在不同的膳食中吃了什么，以发现饮食体验的模式)”可推知，研究者通过让参与者主动汇报饮食情况收集数据，属于问卷调查。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The researchers then proposed that psychological (心理的) factors could also map onto circadian rhythms (昼夜节律) to further push people toward certain meal choice. Early in the day, when energy levels are higher, people tend to make practical choice.(研究人员随后提出，心理因素也可以映射到昼夜节律，从而进一步推动人们做出特定的饮食选择。在一天的早些时候，当能量水平较高时，人们倾向于做出实用的选择)”和第四段中“But as the day progresses, and a person’s energy increased and decreased, the importance of practical goals reduces.(但随着时间的推移，一个人的精力增加和减少，实用目标的重要性降低了)”可推知，一天中能量的变化会极大地影响食物选择。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“And when people find a breakfast option they like, they generally stick with it, day after day, scientists have found.(科学家发现，当人们找到自己喜欢的早餐选择时，他们通常会日复一日地坚持下去)”可知，文中解释了早餐重复选择的原因，如心理和昼夜节律因素，B项“早餐习惯：为什么我们要重复”与主旨高度契合；文章开篇虽提早餐重要，但重点在其选择习惯及改善，A选项“早餐在我们日常生活中的重要性”只涉开头一点，未涵盖关键的重复性和改善内容，太片面；文章虽有美法饮食差异数据，但只是辅助说明早餐与其他餐食选择特点，并非核心，C选项“美国人和法国人在饮食选择上的差异”未抓住早餐习惯及改善重点；昼夜节律只是部分因素，文章还包括早餐选择的其他方面及改善，D选项“昼夜节律对我们饮食模式的影响”不全面。故选B。 11 / 31 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$