精品解析：山东省日照市2024-2025学年高二下学期期中校际联合考试英语试题

2023级高二下学期期中校际联合考试 英语 本试卷共四部分，满分150分。考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的条形码粘贴在答题卡相应的位置。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where did the man buy his wallet? A. In Amsterdam. B. In Brussels. C. In London. 2. What is the weather like recently in Washington? A. Snowy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 3. When was the package expected to arrive? A. On the 4th. B. On the 10th. C. On the 12th. 4. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Fix the light. B. Repaint the room. C. Open the windows. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. When the bus will arrive. B. Whether they will go to the park. C. Which station they should get off. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Who is Jane? A. The man’s wife. B. The man’s sister. C. The man’s daughter. 7. What is the man’s problem? A. He has no online account. B. He forgets his password. C. He loses his email address. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How many books has Carole Box written so far? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 9 What makes Carole Box’s books best-sellers according to the man? A. Her writing style. B. Her luck. C. Her previous job. 10 What does Burt ask Carole Box to do? A. Introduce her book. B. Answer some questions. C. Read a passage from her book. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. When will Nick leave? A. Tomorrow. B. In half a year. C. After graduation. 12. Why must Nick move? A. His mom has changed her job. B. His university is in another city. C. His sister has to go to another school. 13. How does Nick feel now? A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Proud. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where are the speakers? A. In a theater class. B. At a cinema. C. At a film’s opening event. 15. What inspired Jim to choose his career? A. An agency offer. B. A school program. C. A training course. 16. What is Jim’s next project? A. A war film. B. A comedy film. C. A historical film. 17. What will the woman probably do next? A. Interview an actress. B. Talk with a director. C. Give a speech. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Who is the speaker probably? A. A government official. B. A security guard. C. A headmaster. 19. What will the officials check first? A. The electrical system. B. The football field. C. The classrooms. 20. What event will be held on Friday afternoon? A. A welcoming party. B. A safety check. C. A staff meeting. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Ellie Maxwell Award Background Ellie Maxwell was an inspiring young woman whose short life was dedicated to helping children affected by war. As a student at the University of Edinburgh, she worked as an aid worker in Bosnia after the 1990s civil war. She believed shared creative activities and global connections could ease tensions. This vision led her to found Firefly, an organization supporting children whose lives have been affected by war through integration, education, and mentoring. To honor her legacy and celebrate student-led charity work, Ellie’s family and the trustees established the Ellie Maxwell Award. The award was launched in 2019 at Firefly’s 20th anniversary celebrations. Awarded annually through Edinburgh University, it is funded by the Maxwell Family and friends to encourage and support an Edinburgh-based student or group of students who have helped promote social change and inclusivity with their project. What is the prize? The prize consists of £1,000 of seed funding for your charity, operational support, and a year of instruction from the Firefly International. Who is eligible for this award? ●Undergraduate and taught postgraduate students, aged 17-30, studying at University of Edinburgh. Distance learning students are welcome to apply. ●Your project has been running for one to two years and there has been some evidence of meaningful impact and social change. There is also some early evidence of sustainability to build upon. ●Project focus is on social change, promoting tolerance and inclusion. ●Projects could be working in the field of Human Rights, the environment, children protection, gender equality, education or any other work which promotes tolerance and inclusion. 1. What do we know about the Ellie Maxwell Award? A. It encourages innovative teamwork. B. It advocates students’ charitable efforts. C. It is inspired by an aid worker in Bosnia. D. It aims to support children affected by war. 2. What are the winners expected to get? A. Membership of the Firefly International. B. Admission to the University of Edinburgh. C. Financial assistance and organizational aid. D. Charity donations and Ellie Maxwell medals. 3. Who are qualified for the award? A. Project fundraisers aged 30 plus. B. Graduates majoring in education. C. Professors promoting tolerance and inclusion. D. Online learners of the University of Edinburgh. B Sally Snowman loves to be alone. As the keeper of Boston Light, a centuries-old lighthouse on Little Brewster Island in Boston Harbor, she’s had a lot of practice. For most of the last 19 years, she’s lived there from April through October. She fills the days with work, cleaning the windows, mowing the lawn and sweeping the staircase of the 90-foot lighthouse tower. She reads a lot and has watched a lot of sunsets. And she enjoys every minute. “It’s a relief to be out on the island,” Ms. Snowman, 70, said. When she’s by herself, “the wheels stop spinning.” Her time alone is restorative. But not everyone feels the same way about solitude (独处). How we feel about time alone is largely dependent on whether we’ve chosen it, said Virginia Thomas, an assistant professor of psychology at Middlebury College who studies solitude. “People who pursue solitude of their own free will tend to report that it feels full — like they’re full of ideas or thoughts or things to do,” Dr. Thomas said. In this way, it’s distinct from loneliness, a negative state in which you’ re disconnected from other people and it feels empty. The key is to see solitude as a choice, not a punishment. Jenn Drummond, a mountaineer in Park City, Utah, has spent a lot of time alone as she trains to become the first woman to climb the Seven Second Summits, the second highest — and generally more difficult — mountains on each continent. If she catches herself “getting into a dull pattern,” she reminds herself that she’s in charge. “Loneliness is happening to me,” Ms. Drummond, 41, said. “Solitude is happening for me. That little shift makes the biggest difference.” 4. How does Sally Snowman feel about her time alone? A. It’s comforting. B. It’s depressing. C. It’s boring. D. It’s challenging. 5. Which of the following does Dr. Thomas agree with? A. Solitude has a positive effect. B. Loneliness keeps people connected. C. Solitude causes people to feel empty. D. Loneliness makes people feel peaceful. 6. Which of the following can we infer from the text? A Solitude leads to a dull social pattern. B. Solitude’s benefit is overestimated. C. Solitude requires training to be enjoyed. D. Solitude’s value lies in one’s view. 7. What is the purpose of the text? A. To entertain. B. To instruct. C. To persuade. D. To advertise. C In the jungle of Rome’s roads, there is an invasive species. Native to the fairways but now racing about ancient squares, it has made residents quite restless. Hundreds of golf carts loaded with tourists race around the streets of the eternal city, annoying taxi drivers, blocking bus lanes and confusing city officials who cannot work out how to ban them. “It’s madness — you get eight or nine of them holding up traffic when they pull up at the Bocca della Verità where parking is forbidden,” said Rome’s transport chief, Eugenio Patanè. “We would need a police officer on every corner to stop this.” The carts, which often come with a driver and are favored by American and British tourists, are the latest evidence of overtourism in Rome. Despite moving annoyingly slowly on the city’s streets, the carts are able to avoid plans to get rid of them because of a loophole in the law. Classified as “non-typical vehicles” under Article 59 of the Italian Highway Code, the golf carts must be registered by their operators at the town hall, which then has 30 days to approve their use. The problem, said Patanè, was that during that 30-day period the carts are allowed to operate. “We have had 33 applications and rejected all but one, but at the end of the 30 days they simply apply again and get another 30days in which they can operate before being rejected again, and so on,” he said. So what is it like to drive a cart in Rome? A man by a drinks stand in the Villa Borghese park put me behind the wheel of a four-seater for €30 an hour. “We cannot keep up with demand” he said, “Tourists see them on the streets and want one.” Once on Via del Tritone, the traffic came to a standstill. Then I studied the cart ahead of me in the traffic, driven by a tour guide and carrying a couple with their two children. Bored by the traffic jam, they started arguing. Rather than rushing from monument to monument, they were getting the true Roman experience — losing their cool while stuck in traffic. 8. What is the city officials’ feeling about the crazy golf carts? A. Pride. B. Helplessness. C. Guilt. D. Thrill. 9. What is a loophole in Italy’s traffic law according to the text? A Unclear approval standard. B. Improper cart design. C. Confusing traffic regulations. D. Unreasonable registration rules. 10. How does the author sound in the last paragraph? A. Humorous. B. Curious. C. Anxious. D. Serious. 11. What is the main idea of the text? A. Tourists benefit a lot from popular golf carts. B. Crazy golf carts cause Rome’s traffic problems. C. Tourists are welcomed by the residents of Rome. D. Italy’s traffic management faces severe challenges. D That satisfying feeling after doomscrolling through endless TikTok videos or impulsively shopping online mimics the relief of scratching an itch. This is dopamine (多巴胺) at work — a brain chemical responsible for feelings of reward and accomplishment. Whether engaging in viral videos or new hobbies, dopamine creates a sense of achievement that keeps us coming back for more. However, reliance on these dopamine hits can lead to lasting brain changes, particularly in teenagers and young adults. This is what my team and I at London Southbank University study. We investigated which brain regions and connections change due to increased social media engagement — or “dopa-mining”, as we call it. Using social media lights up the same parts of your brain as other addictions, such as drugs, alcohol and gambling. Scientists have found that every time you get a “like”, or even watch a video you enjoy, your brain’s reward system gets activated. This is the same system that makes people feel pleasure when they win money or eat their favorite snack. But here’s the catch: the more you use social media, the harder it can be for your brain to resist it. It’s like training your brain to long for those dopamine hits — just like an addiction. Ever wonder why social media feels so addictive? It’s because your brain starts trimming neurons (修剪神经元), a bit like cutting away extra branches on a tree, to make the “reward pathway” faster. This sounds efficient, but it’s not great. The shorter pathway means your brain can “feel” rewards faster, but we know from research that it can also make you more excited and less able to stop yourself from scrolling. Over time, this trimming can cut down the size of certain brain areas, which are key for controlling emotions and making decisions. 12. What does the underlined word “doomscrolling” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Scrolling through a lot of negative news. B. Scrolling through various videos for creation. C. Scrolling long through social media aimlessly. D. Scrolling through specific contents to gain knowledge. 13. What does the author’s team at London Southbank University study? A. Ways to engage in new hobbies. B. Dopamine production in the brain. C. Brain regions affected by social media. D. Similarities among different addictions. 14. What is the result of the brain trimming? A. It enables people to make wise decisions. B. It helps people better control their emotions. C. It strengthens the links between brain regions. D. It makes the size of certain brain areas smaller. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. The functions of dopamine in the brain. B. The benefits of social media engagement. C. The exploration into brain’s reward system. D. The lasting effects of social media on the brain. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How Natural Smells Affect Well-being Spending time in nature benefits our well-being by improving emotions, reducing stress, and enhancing physical health. However, most previous research focused on visual experiences, neglecting the role of smell. ___16___ Plants release volatile organic compounds (VOCs), chemicals that serve ecological roles like attracting insects. ___17___ A team of scientists, led by Gregory Bratman from the University of Washington suggests these compounds might secretly boost human health. ___18___ Some plant VOCs are not enough to cause a response. For example, forest fragrance (香气) may calm nerves even if we don’t notice them. Such hidden mechanisms (机制) could secretly affect mood or stress levels, though scientists are still figuring out their full impact. Other smells are perceived consciously, yet their health effects vary. Pleasant smells, like flowers, often have universal appeal, while others arouse personal or cultural memories. For instance, pine might remind one of childhood hikes, whereas urban pollution could cause discomfort. ___19___ Human activities, like pollution and habitat destruction, change nature’s smell profile. ___20___ Protecting fragrant ecosystems, they argue, could preserve not just biodiversity but also human health. A. Natural smells may influence us unconsciously. B. Yet their impact on people is barely understood. C. Nature’s smell-based impacts come through different routes. D. Scientists confirm plant VOCs can directly reduce our stress. E. New research aims to uncover how smells from nature improve health. F. Understanding these differences is key to employing nature’s smell power. G. The researchers urge to explore how losing these natural smells harms well-being. 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A couple found a baby duck on a fishing lake. ____21____, she was abandoned. They couldn’t find the duck’s ____22____, and also they were told that the duck wouldn’t ____23____ in the will. After some thought, they ____24____ to take care of her. They named her Freda and brought her into their home in Leeds, England. The couple let Freda ____25____ about their house and garden. They even took ____26____ to sleep near her bed because she was ____27____. Gradually, Freda became like a member of their family. They formed a strong ____28____ with each other. During this time, the husband was undergoing treatment of cancer, and Freda became his ____29____ of comfort and support. Last October, Freda flew away. But to the couple’s surprise, Freda ____30____ with her baby duck this April. They now have eleven ducks living in their garden. Although going from one duck to eleven is a terrible ____31____, the couple feel happy and ____32____ to have them. They have ____33____ ponds for the ducks to swim in. They expect Freda and her children to stay for a few more months before possibly returning to the ____34____. This heartwarming story reminds us of the ____35____ of sympathy and the incredible bonds that can form between humans and animals. 21. A. Generally B. Naturally C. Apparently D. Occasionally 22. A. neighbors B. friends C. cousins D. parents 23. A. settle B. survive C. struggle D. hide 24. A. resolved B. managed C. attempted D. promised 25. A. circle B. race C. wander D. swim 26. A. measures B. courage C. patience D. turns 27. A. demanding B. boring C. confusing D. embarrassing 28. A. appreciation B. partnership C. bond D. team 29. A. mood B. source C. sense D. need 30. A. communicated B. encountered C. associated D. returned 31. A. mess B. regret C. lesson D. pain 32. A. confident B. content C. honored D. relieved 33. A. searched B. explored C. created D. pictured 34. A. house B. wild C. pond D. garden 35. A. power B. origin C. level D. cost 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 While most texters use abbreviations(缩写) in their messages, research carried out at Stanford University, ____36____ (suggest) it could signal that you’re not ____37____ (full) invested in the conversation. The researchers discovered that people ____38____ used abbreviations in their text messages were less likely to receive replies, and the use of them could cut conversations short. “Our findings are especially relevant when we want to appear more sincere and ____39____ (strength) social ties, such as at the beginning of a relationship or when we need to make a good impression,” said lead researcher David Fang. The research, ____40____ (publish) in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, analyzed conversations from 37 countries and more than 5,300 texters. The conversations, including ones with and ____41____ abbreviations, came from messages on chatrooms. Rather than make people appear ____42____ (comfort), the findings suggest that not spelling out words in full made a person―whatever their age―appear insincere. Nevertheless, 80% of ____43____ (participant) predicted that others wouldn’t mind the use of abbreviations ― and 4% wrongly thought it would have ____44____ positive impact. “We thought it would convey an informal sense of _____45_____ (close), so we were surprised that abbreviations triggered negative perceptions about people who use them.” explained David Fang. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周你校举行了校园科技节活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： （1）活动概况：（2）特色项目：（3）活动意义。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Campus Science and Technology Festival ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a bright and sunny morning at Greenfield High School, and the annual sports day was in full swing. The atmosphere was electric, with students cheering, banners waving, and the smell of popcorn filling the air. But all eyes were on the final event of the day — the 400-meter race. Among the participants was Mia, a quiet but determined girl from Class 10B. Mia wasn’t the fastest runner in school, nor was she the most athletic. In fact, she only joined the track team a few months ago after her best friend, Emma, convinced her to give it a try. “You’ve got heart, Mia,” Emma had said. “That’s all you need.” As Mia stood at the starting line, her heart pounded. She glanced at her competitors — tall, confident, and experienced runners who had won countless medals. Mia tightened her shoelaces and took a deep breath. She reminded herself of the hours she had spent training, the early mornings, and the blisters (水疱) on her feet. She wasn’t here to win; she was here to prove to herself that she could finish the race. The starting gun fired, and the runners shot off like arrows. Mia started strong but soon found herself lagging behind. By the halfway mark, she was in last place. Mia felt as if a heavy weight had settled on her shoulders. She couldn’t bring himself to look at the crowd. As cheers began to fade, doubt crept into her mind. “Maybe I should just stop, No one will notice.” she thought. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右： （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 But then, she heard a familiar voice, “Go, Mia! You can do it!” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With just 50 meters to go, she could barely breathe. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023级高二下学期期中校际联合考试 英语 本试卷共四部分，满分150分。考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的条形码粘贴在答题卡相应的位置。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where did the man buy his wallet? A. In Amsterdam. B. In Brussels. C. In London. 2. What is the weather like recently in Washington? A. Snowy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 3. When was the package expected to arrive? A. On the 4th. B. On the 10th. C. On the 12th. 4. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Fix the light. B. Repaint the room. C. Open the windows. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. When the bus will arrive. B. Whether they will go to the park. C. Which station they should get off. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Who is Jane? A. The man’s wife. B. The man’s sister. C. The man’s daughter. 7. What is the man’s problem? A. He has no online account. B. He forgets his password. C. He loses his email address. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How many books has Carole Box written so far? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 9. What makes Carole Box’s books best-sellers according to the man? A. Her writing style. B. Her luck. C. Her previous job. 10. What does Burt ask Carole Box to do? A. Introduce her book. B. Answer some questions. C. Read a passage from her book. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. When will Nick leave? A. Tomorrow. B. In half a year. C. After graduation. 12. Why must Nick move? A. His mom has changed her job. B. His university is in another city. C. His sister has to go to another school. 13. How does Nick feel now? A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Proud. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where are the speakers? A. In a theater class. B. At a cinema. C. At a film’s opening event. 15. What inspired Jim to choose his career? A. An agency offer. B. A school program. C. A training course. 16. What is Jim’s next project? A. A war film. B. A comedy film. C. A historical film. 17. What will the woman probably do next? A. Interview an actress. B. Talk with a director. C. Give a speech. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Who is the speaker probably? A. A government official. B. A security guard. C. A headmaster. 19. What will the officials check first? A. The electrical system. B. The football field. C. The classrooms. 20. What event will be held on Friday afternoon? A. A welcoming party. B. A safety check. C. A staff meeting. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Ellie Maxwell Award Background Ellie Maxwell was an inspiring young woman whose short life was dedicated to helping children affected by war. As a student at the University of Edinburgh, she worked as an aid worker in Bosnia after the 1990s civil war. She believed shared creative activities and global connections could ease tensions. This vision led her to found Firefly, an organization supporting children whose lives have been affected by war through integration, education, and mentoring. To honor her legacy and celebrate student-led charity work, Ellie’s family and the trustees established the Ellie Maxwell Award. The award was launched in 2019 at Firefly’s 20th anniversary celebrations. Awarded annually through Edinburgh University, it is funded by the Maxwell Family and friends to encourage and support an Edinburgh-based student or group of students who have helped promote social change and inclusivity with their project. What is the prize? The prize consists of £1,000 of seed funding for your charity, operational support, and a year of instruction from the Firefly International. Who is eligible for this award? ●Undergraduate and taught postgraduate students, aged 17-30, studying at University of Edinburgh. Distance learning students are welcome to apply. ●Your project has been running for one to two years and there has been some evidence of meaningful impact and social change. There is also some early evidence of sustainability to build upon. ●Project focus is on social change, promoting tolerance and inclusion. ●Projects could be working in the field of Human Rights, the environment, children protection, gender equality, education or any other work which promotes tolerance and inclusion. 1. What do we know about the Ellie Maxwell Award? A. It encourages innovative teamwork. B. It advocates students’ charitable efforts. C. It is inspired by an aid worker in Bosnia. D. It aims to support children affected by war. 2. What are the winners expected to get? A. Membership of the Firefly International. B. Admission to the University of Edinburgh. C. Financial assistance and organizational aid. D. Charity donations and Ellie Maxwell medals. 3. Who are qualified for the award? A. Project fundraisers aged 30 plus. B. Graduates majoring in education. C. Professors promoting tolerance and inclusion. D. Online learners of the University of Edinburgh. 【答案】1 B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了埃莉·麦克斯韦尔奖的背景、设立目的、奖项内容以及申请资格等相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“To honor her legacy and celebrate student-led charity work, Ellie’s family and the trustees established the Ellie Maxwell Award.(为了纪念她的遗产并庆祝学生主导的慈善工作，埃莉的家人和受托人设立了埃莉·麦克斯韦尔奖。)”可知，埃莉·麦克斯韦尔奖倡导学生的慈善努力。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The prize consists of £1,000 of seed funding for your charity, operational support, and a year of instruction from the Firefly International.(该奖项包括为你的慈善机构提供1000英镑的种子资金、运营支持以及Firefly International为期一年的指导。)”可知，获奖者预计会得到资金援助和组织援助。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“●Undergraduate and taught postgraduate students, aged 17-30, studying at University of Edinburgh. Distance learning students are welcome to apply.(●在爱丁堡大学学习的17-30岁的本科生和授课型研究生。欢迎远程学习学生申请。)”可知，爱丁堡大学的在线学习者有资格获得该奖项。故选D。 B Sally Snowman loves to be alone. As the keeper of Boston Light, a centuries-old lighthouse on Little Brewster Island in Boston Harbor, she’s had a lot of practice. For most of the last 19 years, she’s lived there from April through October. She fills the days with work, cleaning the windows, mowing the lawn and sweeping the staircase of the 90-foot lighthouse tower. She reads a lot and has watched a lot of sunsets. And she enjoys every minute. “It’s a relief to be out on the island,” Ms. Snowman, 70, said. When she’s by herself, “the wheels stop spinning.” Her time alone is restorative. But not everyone feels the same way about solitude (独处). How we feel about time alone is largely dependent on whether we’ve chosen it, said Virginia Thomas, an assistant professor of psychology at Middlebury College who studies solitude. “People who pursue solitude of their own free will tend to report that it feels full — like they’re full of ideas or thoughts or things to do,” Dr. Thomas said. In this way, it’s distinct from loneliness, a negative state in which you’ re disconnected from other people and it feels empty. The key is to see solitude as a choice, not a punishment. Jenn Drummond, a mountaineer in Park City, Utah, has spent a lot of time alone as she trains to become the first woman to climb the Seven Second Summits, the second highest — and generally more difficult — mountains on each continent. If she catches herself “getting into a dull pattern,” she reminds herself that she’s in charge. “Loneliness is happening to me,” Ms. Drummond, 41, said. “Solitude is happening for me. That little shift makes the biggest difference.” 4. How does Sally Snowman feel about her time alone? A. It’s comforting. B. It’s depressing. C. It’s boring. D. It’s challenging. 5. Which of the following does Dr. Thomas agree with? A. Solitude has a positive effect. B. Loneliness keeps people connected. C. Solitude causes people to feel empty. D. Loneliness makes people feel peaceful. 6. Which of the following can we infer from the text? A. Solitude leads to a dull social pattern. B. Solitude’s benefit is overestimated. C. Solitude requires training to be enjoyed. D. Solitude’s value lies in one’s view. 7. What is the purpose of the text? A. To entertain. B. To instruct. C. To persuade. D. To advertise. 【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了不同人对独处的不同感受及其背后的原因。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“And she enjoys every minute. “It’s a relief to be out on the island,” Ms. Snowman, 70, said. When she’s by herself, “the wheels stop spinning.” Her time alone is restorative. (她享受每一分钟。“能来到这个岛上真是一种解脱，”70岁的斯诺曼女士说。当她独自一人时，“车轮停止转动。”她独处的时间是恢复精力的。)”可知，她认为独处是令人宽慰、使人放松的。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中““People who pursue solitude of their own free will tend to report that it feels full — like they’re full of ideas or thoughts or things to do,” Dr. Thomas said. In this way, it’s distinct from loneliness, a negative state in which you’ re disconnected from other people and it feels empty. (Thomas博士说：“那些自愿追求独处的人往往会觉得独处让他们感到充实——就像他们充满了想法、思想或要做的事情一样。”在这方面，它与孤独是不同的，孤独是一种消极的状态，你与他人脱节，感到空虚。)”可知，Thomas博士同意独处有积极的影响。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“How we feel about time alone is largely dependent on whether we’ve chosen it, said Virginia Thomas, an assistant professor of psychology at Middlebury College who studies solitude. (研究独处的米德尔伯里学院心理学助理教授Virginia Thomas表示，我们对独处时光的感受在很大程度上取决于我们是否主动选择了它。)”以及最后一段中“The key is to see solitude as a choice, not a punishment. (关键是把独处看作是一种选择，而不是一种惩罚。)”和““Loneliness is happening to me,” Ms. Drummond, 41, said. “Solitude is happening for me. That little shift makes the biggest difference.” (“孤独降临到我身上，”41岁的Drummond女士说。“独处是为了我。这种小小的转变带来了最大的不同。”)”可知，独处的价值在于一个人的看法。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第三段中“How we feel about time alone is largely dependent on whether we’ve chosen it, said Virginia Thomas, an assistant professor of psychology at Middlebury College who studies solitude. (研究独处的米德尔伯里学院心理学助理教授Virginia Thomas表示，我们对独处时光的感受在很大程度上取决于我们是否主动选择了它。)”以及最后一段中“The key is to see solitude as a choice, not a punishment. (关键是把独处看作是一种选择，而不是一种惩罚。)”和““Loneliness is happening to me,” Ms. Drummond, 41, said. “Solitude is happening for me. That little shift makes the biggest difference.” (“孤独降临到我身上，”41岁的Drummond女士说。“独处是为了我。这种小小的转变带来了最大的不同。”)”可知，文章主要讲述了不同人对独处的不同感受及其背后的原因，可推知，文章的目的是为了指导人们如何看待独处。故选B。 C In the jungle of Rome’s roads, there is an invasive species. Native to the fairways but now racing about ancient squares, it has made residents quite restless. Hundreds of golf carts loaded with tourists race around the streets of the eternal city, annoying taxi drivers, blocking bus lanes and confusing city officials who cannot work out how to ban them. “It’s madness — you get eight or nine of them holding up traffic when they pull up at the Bocca della Verità where parking is forbidden,” said Rome’s transport chief, Eugenio Patanè. “We would need a police officer on every corner to stop this.” The carts, which often come with a driver and are favored by American and British tourists, are the latest evidence of overtourism in Rome. Despite moving annoyingly slowly on the city’s streets, the carts are able to avoid plans to get rid of them because of a loophole in the law. Classified as “non-typical vehicles” under Article 59 of the Italian Highway Code, the golf carts must be registered by their operators at the town hall, which then has 30 days to approve their use. The problem, said Patanè, was that during that 30-day period the carts are allowed to operate. “We have had 33 applications and rejected all but one, but at the end of the 30 days they simply apply again and get another 30days in which they can operate before being rejected again, and so on,” he said. So what is it like to drive a cart in Rome? A man by a drinks stand in the Villa Borghese park put me behind the wheel of a four-seater for €30 an hour. “We cannot keep up with demand,” he said, “Tourists see them on the streets and want one.” Once on Via del Tritone, the traffic came to a standstill. Then I studied the cart ahead of me in the traffic, driven by a tour guide and carrying a couple with their two children. Bored by the traffic jam, they started arguing. Rather than rushing from monument to monument, they were getting the true Roman experience — losing their cool while stuck in traffic. 8. What is the city officials’ feeling about the crazy golf carts? A. Pride. B. Helplessness. C. Guilt. D. Thrill. 9. What is a loophole in Italy’s traffic law according to the text? A. Unclear approval standard. B. Improper cart design. C. Confusing traffic regulations. D. Unreasonable registration rules. 10. How does the author sound in the last paragraph? A. Humorous. B. Curious. C. Anxious. D. Serious. 11 What is the main idea of the text? A. Tourists benefit a lot from popular golf carts. B. Crazy golf carts cause Rome’s traffic problems. C. Tourists are welcomed by the residents of Rome. D. Italy’s traffic management faces severe challenges. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了罗马街头高尔夫球车泛滥成灾，给城市交通带来诸多问题，而相关法律漏洞又使得这一问题难以解决。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Hundreds of golf carts loaded with tourists race around the streets of the eternal city, annoying taxi drivers, blocking bus lanes and confusing city officials who cannot work out how to ban them.(数百辆载有游客的高尔夫球车在永恒之城的街道上飞驰，惹恼了出租车司机，堵塞了公交车道，让城市官员们困惑不已，他们不知道该如何禁止这些车辆。)”可知，城市官员对疯狂的高尔夫球车感到无助，因为他们不知道如何禁止这些车辆。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Despite moving annoyingly slowly on the city’s streets, the carts are able to avoid plans to get rid of them because of a loophole in the law. Classified as “non-typical vehicles” under Article 59 of the Italian Highway Code, the golf carts must be registered by their operators at the town hall, which then has 30 days to approve their use.(尽管这些车辆在罗马的街道上行驶得令人恼火地缓慢，但由于法律上的漏洞，它们能够避开被淘汰的命运。根据意大利公路法第59条，高尔夫球车被归类为“非典型车辆”，必须由其运营商在市政厅进行注册，市政厅有30天的时间来批准其使用。)”和第四段“The problem, said Patanè, was that during that 30-day period the carts are allowed to operate.(帕塔内说，问题在于在那30天的审批期内，这些车辆是可以运营的。)”可知，意大利交通法中的漏洞是不合理的注册规则，即高尔夫球车在注册后的30天内可以运营，即使最终可能被拒绝。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Once on Via del Tritone, the traffic came to a standstill. Then I studied the cart ahead of me in the traffic, driven by a tour guide and carrying a couple with their two children. Bored by the traffic jam, they started arguing. Rather than rushing from monument to monument, they were getting the true Roman experience — losing their cool while stuck in traffic.(一旦到了特里托内大道，交通就停滞不前了。然后我观察了前面交通中的一辆高尔夫球车，它由一名导游驾驶，载着一对夫妇和他们的两个孩子。由于交通堵塞，他们感到无聊，开始争吵。他们没有从一个古迹匆忙赶到另一个古迹，而是体验到了真正的罗马风情——在交通堵塞中失去冷静。)”可知，作者在最后一段的语气是幽默的，他通过描述游客在交通堵塞中的反应来调侃这种“真正的罗马体验”。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Hundreds of golf carts loaded with tourists race around the streets of the eternal city, annoying taxi drivers, blocking bus lanes and confusing city officials who cannot work out how to ban them.(数百辆载有游客的高尔夫球车在永恒之城的街道上飞驰，惹恼了出租车司机，堵塞了公交车道，让城市官员们困惑不已，他们不知道该如何禁止这些车辆。)”及全文内容可知，本文的主旨大意是疯狂的高尔夫球车导致罗马的交通问题。故选B。 D That satisfying feeling after doomscrolling through endless TikTok videos or impulsively shopping online mimics the relief of scratching an itch. This is dopamine (多巴胺) at work — a brain chemical responsible for feelings of reward and accomplishment. Whether engaging in viral videos or new hobbies, dopamine creates a sense of achievement that keeps us coming back for more. However, reliance on these dopamine hits can lead to lasting brain changes, particularly in teenagers and young adults. This is what my team and I at London Southbank University study. We investigated which brain regions and connections change due to increased social media engagement — or “dopa-mining”, as we call it. Using social media lights up the same parts of your brain as other addictions, such as drugs, alcohol and gambling. Scientists have found that every time you get a “like”, or even watch a video you enjoy, your brain’s reward system gets activated. This is the same system that makes people feel pleasure when they win money or eat their favorite snack. But here’s the catch: the more you use social media, the harder it can be for your brain to resist it. It’s like training your brain to long for those dopamine hits — just like an addiction. Ever wonder why social media feels so addictive? It’s because your brain starts trimming neurons (修剪神经元), a bit like cutting away extra branches on a tree, to make the “reward pathway” faster. This sounds efficient, but it’s not great. The shorter pathway means your brain can “feel” rewards faster, but we know from research that it can also make you more excited and less able to stop yourself from scrolling. Over time, this trimming can cut down the size of certain brain areas, which are key for controlling emotions and making decisions. 12. What does the underlined word “doomscrolling” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Scrolling through a lot of negative news. B. Scrolling through various videos for creation. C. Scrolling long through social media aimlessly. D. Scrolling through specific contents to gain knowledge. 13. What does the author’s team at London Southbank University study? A. Ways to engage in new hobbies. B. Dopamine production in the brain. C. Brain regions affected by social media. D. Similarities among different addictions. 14 What is the result of the brain trimming? A. It enables people to make wise decisions. B. It helps people better control their emotions. C. It strengthens the links between brain regions. D. It makes the size of certain brain areas smaller. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. The functions of dopamine in the brain. B. The benefits of social media engagement. C. The exploration into brain’s reward system. D. The lasting effects of social media on the brain. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了社交媒体对大脑的影响，特别是多巴胺在其中的作用，以及过度使用社交媒体可能导致的长期大脑变化。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“That satisfying feeling after doomscrolling through endless TikTok videos or impulsively shopping online mimics the relief of scratching an itch. (在无穷无尽的 TikTok 视频中doomscrolling或冲动性网购后产生的满足感，类似于挠痒后获得的舒缓感。)”“doomscrolling”与“impulsively shopping online(冲动性网购)”并列，描述一种无意识的行为，且通过“endless TikTok videos(无穷无尽的TikTok视频)”可知，是长时间、无目的的浏览。由此可知，doomscrolling意为“长时间漫无目的地浏览社交媒体”。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“This is what my team and I at London Southbank University study. We investigated which brain regions and connections change due to increased social media engagement — or “dopa-mining”, as we call it.(这是我和我在伦敦南岸大学的团队所研究的。我们调查了由于社交媒体参与度的增加，哪些大脑区域和连接发生了变化——我们称之为“多巴胺挖掘”。)”可知，作者在伦敦南岸大学的团队研究的是受社交媒体影响的大脑区域。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Over time, this trimming can cut down the size of certain brain areas, which are key for controlling emotions and making decisions.(随着时间的推移，这种修剪会缩小某些大脑区域的大小，而这些区域对于控制情绪和做出决策至关重要。)”可知，大脑修剪的结果是使某些大脑区域的大小变小。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“However, reliance on these dopamine hits can lead to lasting brain changes, particularly in teenagers and young adults. This is what my team and I at London Southbank University study.(然而，依赖这些多巴胺刺激会导致大脑发生长期变化，尤其是在青少年和年轻人中。这是我和我在伦敦南岸大学的团队所研究的。)”可知，本文主要讲述的是社交媒体对大脑的长期影响。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How Natural Smells Affect Well-being Spending time in nature benefits our well-being by improving emotions, reducing stress, and enhancing physical health. However, most previous research focused on visual experiences, neglecting the role of smell. ___16___ Plants release volatile organic compounds (VOCs), chemicals that serve ecological roles like attracting insects. ___17___ A team of scientists, led by Gregory Bratman from the University of Washington suggests these compounds might secretly boost human health. ___18___ Some plant VOCs are not enough to cause a response. For example, forest fragrance (香气) may calm nerves even if we don’t notice them. Such hidden mechanisms (机制) could secretly affect mood or stress levels, though scientists are still figuring out their full impact. Other smells are perceived consciously, yet their health effects vary. Pleasant smells, like flowers, often have universal appeal, while others arouse personal or cultural memories. For instance, pine might remind one of childhood hikes, whereas urban pollution could cause discomfort. ___19___ Human activities, like pollution and habitat destruction, change nature’s smell profile. ___20___ Protecting fragrant ecosystems, they argue, could preserve not just biodiversity but also human health. A. Natural smells may influence us unconsciously. B. Yet their impact on people is barely understood. C. Nature’s smell-based impacts come through different routes. D. Scientists confirm plant VOCs can directly reduce our stress. E. New research aims to uncover how smells from nature improve health. F. Understanding these differences is key to employing nature’s smell power. G. The researchers urge to explore how losing these natural smells harms well-being. 【答案】16. E 17. B 18. A 19. F 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了自然气味对人类健康的影响。 【16题详解】 上文“Spending time in nature benefits our well-being by improving emotions, reducing stress, and enhancing physical health. However, most previous research focused on visual experiences, neglecting the role of smell.(花时间在大自然中通过改善情绪、减轻压力和增强身体健康来有益于我们的幸福感。然而，大多数以前的研究都集中在视觉体验上，忽略了嗅觉的作用。)”提到了大多数以前的研究忽略了嗅觉的作用，那么接下来可能会提到新的研究来探讨嗅觉的作用，选项E“New research aims to uncover how smells from nature improve health.(新的研究旨在揭示自然气味如何改善健康。)”符合语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 上文“Plants release volatile organic compounds (VOCs), chemicals that serve ecological roles like attracting insects.(植物释放挥发性有机化合物（VOCs），这些化学物质在生态系统中扮演着吸引昆虫等角色。)”介绍了植物释放的VOCs的生态作用，下文“A team of scientists, led by Gregory Bratman from the University of Washington suggests these compounds might secretly boost human health.(由华盛顿大学的Gregory Bratman领导的一组科学家认为，这些化合物可能会秘密地促进人类健康。)”提到植物释放的VOCs对人类健康有潜在影响，但这种影响之前可能并未被充分了解。由此可知，尽管植物释放的VOCs有生态作用，但它们对人类的影响还不为人知，选项B“Yet their impact on people is barely understood.(然而，它们对人类的影响几乎还不清楚。)”符合语境。故选B。 【18题详解】 下文“Some plant VOCs are not enough to cause a response. For example, forest fragrance (香气) may calm nerves even if we don’t notice them. Such hidden mechanisms (机制) could secretly affect mood or stress levels, though scientists are still figuring out their full impact.(一些植物挥发性有机化合物不足以引起反应。例如，森林的香气可能会让我们平静下来，即使我们没有注意到它们。这些隐藏的机制可能会秘密地影响情绪或压力水平，尽管科学家们仍在研究它们的全部影响”。)”提到了植物VOCs可能秘密地影响我们的情绪或压力水平，由此可知，有些自然气味对人类的影响是无意识的。选项A“Natural smells may influence us unconsciously.(自然气味可能无意识地影响我们。)”符合语境。故选A。 【19题详解】 上文“Other smells are perceived consciously, yet their health effects vary. Pleasant smells, like flowers, often have universal appeal, while others arouse personal or cultural memories. For instance, pine might remind one of childhood hikes, whereas urban pollution could cause discomfort.(其他气味则是有意识地被感知到的，但它们的健康影响各不相同。令人愉悦的气味，如花香，通常具有普遍的吸引力，而其他气味则会引起个人或文化的记忆。例如，松树可能会让人想起童年的徒步旅行，而城市污染则可能引起不适。)”提到不同的自然气味对人类有不同的影响，空处应该进一步说明理解这些差异的重要性。选项F“Understanding these differences is key to employing nature’s smell power.(理解这些差异是利用自然气味力量的关键。)”符合语境。故选F。 【20题详解】 上文“Human activities, like pollution and habitat destruction, change nature’s smell profile.(人类活动，如污染和栖息地破坏，改变了自然的气味特征。)”提到人类活动对自然气味产生了影响，下文“Protecting fragrant ecosystems, they argue, could preserve not just biodiversity but also human health.(他们认为，保护芳香的生态系统不仅可以保护生物多样性，还可以保护人类健康。)”提到保护自然气味生态系统的重要性。由此可知，研究人员敦促探索失去自然气味对人类健康的影响，从而强调保护自然气味生态系统的重要性，选项G“The researchers urge to explore how losing these natural smells harms well-being.(研究人员呼吁探索失去这些自然气味如何损害幸福感。)”符合语境。故选G。 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A couple found a baby duck on a fishing lake. ____21____, she was abandoned. They couldn’t find the duck’s ____22____, and also they were told that the duck wouldn’t ____23____ in the will. After some thought, they ____24____ to take care of her. They named her Freda and brought her into their home in Leeds, England. The couple let Freda ____25____ about their house and garden. They even took ____26____ to sleep near her bed because she was ____27____. Gradually, Freda became like a member of their family. They formed a strong ____28____ with each other. During this time, the husband was undergoing treatment of cancer, and Freda became his ____29____ of comfort and support. Last October, Freda flew away. But to the couple’s surprise, Freda ____30____ with her baby duck this April. They now have eleven ducks living in their garden. Although going from one duck to eleven is a terrible ____31____, the couple feel happy and ____32____ to have them. They have ____33____ ponds for the ducks to swim in. They expect Freda and her children to stay for a few more months before possibly returning to the ____34____. This heartwarming story reminds us of the ____35____ of sympathy and the incredible bonds that can form between humans and animals 21. A. Generally B. Naturally C. Apparently D. Occasionally 22. A. neighbors B. friends C. cousins D. parents 23. A. settle B. survive C. struggle D. hide 24. A. resolved B. managed C. attempted D. promised 25. A. circle B. race C. wander D. swim 26. A. measures B. courage C. patience D. turns 27. A. demanding B. boring C. confusing D. embarrassing 28. A. appreciation B. partnership C. bond D. team 29. A. mood B. source C. sense D. need 30. A. communicated B. encountered C. associated D. returned 31. A. mess B. regret C. lesson D. pain 32. A. confident B. content C. honored D. relieved 33. A. searched B. explored C. created D. pictured 34. A. house B. wild C. pond D. garden 35. A. power B. origin C. level D. cost 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一对夫妇在钓鱼湖捡到一只被遗弃的小鸭子弗雷达，悉心照料并与之建立深厚情感联结的故事。弗雷达后来飞走，又带着幼崽回归，夫妇俩虽面临从一只鸭子到十一只的“混乱”，却依然幸福满足，并为它们创造了生活环境。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，她被遗弃了。A. Generally通常；B. Naturally自然地；C. Apparently显然地；D. Occasionally偶尔。根据下文“she was abandoned”可知，这对夫妇发现小鸭子后，通过观察或周围情况判断它显然被遗弃。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们找不到小鸭子的父母，而且他们被告知小鸭子在柳树丛里活不下去。A. neighbors邻居；B. friends朋友；C. cousins表亲；D. parents父母。根据上文“she was abandoned”可知，被遗弃的小鸭子最可能找不到的是父母。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们找不到小鸭子的父母，而且他们被告知小鸭子在柳树丛里活不下去。A. settle解决；B. survive生存；C. struggle挣扎；D. hide隐藏。根据上文“They couldn’t find the duck’s ___2___,”可知，野生环境中，失去父母的幼鸭难以生存。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过一番思考，他们决定照顾她。A. resolved解决，决定；B. managed管理；C. attempted尝试；D. promised承诺。根据下文“to take care of her”可知，这对夫妇决定照顾小鸭子。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇让Freda在他们的房子和花园里漫步。A. circle盘旋；B. race比赛；C. wander漫步；D. swim游泳。根据下文“about their house and garden”可知，鸭子在室内和花园应是漫步。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至轮流睡在她的床边，因为她要求很高。A. measures措施；B. courage勇气；C. patience耐心；D. turns转弯，轮流。根据下文“to sleep near her bed”可知，夫妇轮流陪小鸭子睡觉，take turns to do sth.表示“轮流做某事”。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至轮流睡在她的床边，因为她要求很高。A. demanding要求高的；B. boring无聊的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. embarrassing尴尬的。根据上文“They even took ___6___ to sleep near her bed”可知，夫妇轮流睡在小鸭子床边，说明小鸭子要求很高。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们之间建立了牢固的联系。A. appreciation欣赏；B. partnership伙伴关系；C. bond联系；D. team队伍。根据下文“During this time, the husband was undergoing treatment of cancer, and Freda became his ___9___ of comfort and support.”可知，人与动物之间形成的紧密联系用“bond（纽带）”，下文最后一段也复现了“bonds”一词。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这段时间里，丈夫正在接受癌症治疗，弗雷达成了他安慰和支持的来源。A. mood情绪；B. source来源；C. sense感觉；D. need需要。根据上文“the husband was undergoing treatment of cancer”可知，弗雷达成为丈夫安慰和支持的来源。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但令这对夫妇惊讶的是，今年4月，弗雷达带着她的小鸭子回来了。A. communicated交流；B. encountered遇到；C. associated联系；D. returned返回。根据上文“Last October, Freda flew away.”可知，上文提到飞走，下文“with her baby duck”表明她返回。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然从一只鸭子变成十一只鸭子是一团糟，但这对夫妇感到很高兴，也很满足有这些鸭子。A. mess混乱；B. regret后悔；C. lesson课程；D. pain痛苦。根据上文“Although going from one duck to eleven is a terrible”可知，养这么多只鸭子会带来混乱。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然从一只鸭子变成十一只鸭子是一团糟，但这对夫妇感到很高兴，也很满足有这些鸭子。A. confident自信的；B. content满足的；C. honored光荣的；D. relieved放心的。根据上文“the couple feel happy and”可知，夫妇感到高兴和满足。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们为鸭子创造了可以游泳的池塘。A. searched搜索；B. explored探索；C. created创造；D. pictured描绘。根据下文“ponds for the ducks to swim in”可知，夫妇为鸭子创造了可以游泳的池塘。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们希望弗雷达和她的孩子们能再待几个月，然后可能会回到野外。A. house房子；B. wild野外；C. pond池塘；D. garden花园。根据上文“A couple found a baby duck on a fishing lake.”可知，鸭子原本来自野外，故可能返回野生环境。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个温暖人心的故事让我们想起了同情的力量以及人类和动物之间可以建立的不可思议的联系。A. power力量；B. origin起源；C. level水平；D. cost花费。根据下文“the incredible bonds that can form between humans and animals”可知，故事体现了同情心的力量。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 While most texters use abbreviations(缩写) in their messages, research carried out at Stanford University, ____36____ (suggest) it could signal that you’re not ____37____ (full) invested in the conversation. The researchers discovered that people ____38____ used abbreviations in their text messages were less likely to receive replies, and the use of them could cut conversations short. “Our findings are especially relevant when we want to appear more sincere and ____39____ (strength) social ties, such as at the beginning of a relationship or when we need to make a good impression,” said lead researcher David Fang. The research, ____40____ (publish) in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, analyzed conversations from 37 countries and more than 5,300 texters. The conversations, including ones with and ____41____ abbreviations, came from messages on chatrooms. Rather than make people appear ____42____ (comfort), the findings suggest that not spelling out words in full made a person―whatever their age―appear insincere. Nevertheless, 80% of ____43____ (participant) predicted that others wouldn’t mind the use of abbreviations ― and 4% wrongly thought it would have ____44____ positive impact. “We thought it would convey an informal sense of _____45_____ (close), so we were surprised that abbreviations triggered negative perceptions about people who use them.” explained David Fang. 【答案】36. suggests 37. fully 38. who##that 39. strengthen 40. published 41. without 42. comfortable 43. participants 44. a 45. closeness 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是研究发现在短信中使用缩写表明你并没有完全投入到对话中，而且在短信中使用缩写的人收到回复的可能性更小，对话时间更短。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：虽然大多数发短信的人在短信中使用缩写，但斯坦福大学的一项研究表明，这可能表明你没有完全投入到对话中。空处应填谓语动词，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时，主语为research，应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，故填suggests。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：虽然大多数发短信的人在短信中使用缩写，但斯坦福大学的一项研究表明，这可能表明你没有完全投入到对话中。由句意及空后的invested可知应填副词形式fully，作状语，修饰动词，故填fully。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：研究人员发现，在短信中使用缩写的人收到回复的可能性更小，而且使用缩写会缩短对话时间。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为people，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who/that，故填who/that。 【39题详解】 考查动词。句意：首席研究员大卫·方说：“当我们想要表现得更真诚、加强社会关系时，比如在一段关系开始的时候，或者当我们需要给人留下好印象的时候，我们的研究结果尤其重要。”由句意及空后的social ties可知应填动词形式strengthen，与空前的appear并列构成不定式，故填strengthen。 【40题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：这项研究发表在《实验心理学杂志：综合》上，分析了来自37个国家和5300多名短信用户的对话。空处应填过去分词，主语The research与publish之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，作后置定语，故填published。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：这些对话，包括有缩写和没有缩写的，都来自聊天室的信息。由句意及空前的including ones with and可知，此处应填介词without，与with对应，故填without。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：研究结果表明，不管一个人的年龄多大，拼写不完整的单词不仅不会让人看起来很舒服，反而会让人显得不真诚。由句意及空前的make people appear可知应填形容词comfortable，作表语，故填comfortable。 【43题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：尽管如此，80%的参与者预测其他人不会介意使用缩写，4%的人错误地认为它会产生积极的影响。由句意及空前的80% of可知应填名词复数形式，作主语，故填participants。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：尽管如此，80%的参与者预测其他人不会介意使用缩写，4%的人错误地认为它会产生积极的影响。have a positive impact意为“产生积极影响”，不定冠词连接发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：“我们本以为这会传达一种非正式的亲密感，所以我们很惊讶缩写会引发人们对使用它们的人的负面看法。”大卫·方解释道。a sense of closeness意为“亲密感”，固定搭配，故填closeness。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周你校举行了校园科技节活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： （1）活动概况：（2）特色项目：（3）活动意义。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Campus Science and Technology Festival ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文： Campus Science and Technology Festival Last week, our school successfully held a remarkable Science and Technology Festival, which drew the enthusiastic participation of all students. One highlight was the robot design competition, where students showcased self-made robots. Another popular activity was the VR space exploration, offering an immersive experience of the universe. This festival not only sparked our interest in science and technology but also cultivated our practical and innovative abilities. It serves as a vivid reminder that science and technology are the keys to unlocking a brighter future. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生为校英文报写一篇报道，介绍学校上周举行的校园科技节活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举办：hold→host 展示：showcase→display 提供：offer→provide 活动：activity→event 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Another popular activity was the VR space exploration, offering an immersive experience of the universe. 拓展句：Another popular activity was the VR space exploration, which offers an immersive experience of the universe. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Last week, our school successfully held a remarkable Science and Technology Festival, which drew the enthusiastic participation of all students.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2]Another popular activity was the VR space exploration, offering an immersive experience of the universe.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a bright and sunny morning at Greenfield High School, and the annual sports day was in full swing. The atmosphere was electric, with students cheering, banners waving, and the smell of popcorn filling the air. But all eyes were on the final event of the day — the 400-meter race. Among the participants was Mia a quiet but determined girl from Class 10B. Mia wasn’t the fastest runner in school, nor was she the most athletic. In fact, she only joined the track team a few months ago after her best friend, Emma, convinced her to give it a try. “You’ve got heart, Mia,” Emma had said. “That’s all you need.” As Mia stood at the starting line, her heart pounded. She glanced at her competitors — tall, confident, and experienced runners who had won countless medals. Mia tightened her shoelaces and took a deep breath. She reminded herself of the hours she had spent training, the early mornings, and the blisters (水疱) on her feet. She wasn’t here to win; she was here to prove to herself that she could finish the race. The starting gun fired, and the runners shot off like arrows. Mia started strong but soon found herself lagging behind. By the halfway mark, she was in last place. Mia felt as if a heavy weight had settled on her shoulders. She couldn’t bring himself to look at the crowd. As cheers began to fade, doubt crept into her mind. “Maybe I should just stop, No one will notice.” she thought. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右： （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 But then, she heard a familiar voice, “Go, Mia! You can do it!” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With just 50 meters to go, she could barely breathe. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文： But then, she heard a familiar voice, “Go, Mia! You can do it!” It was Emma. Mia turned her head slightly and saw her best friend waving a big banner enthusiastically. The encouragement was like a spark that reignited the fire in her heart. She clenched her fists and summoned up all her remaining strength. Ignoring the pain in her legs and the shortness of breath, she quickened her pace. With every step, she felt more determined. With just 50 meters to go, she could barely breathe. Her legs were heavy, but her mind was clear. She was so close to the finish line. The image of her family and friends waiting for her at the end spurred her on. Summoning every bit of strength left in her body, she dashed forward. As she crossed the finish line, the crowd erupted in cheers. Mia was tired but overjoyed. She had achieved what she set out to do, and that was more precious than any medal. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。米娅参加400米赛跑，她并非擅长跑步，起跑后逐渐落后至最后。中途她心生退意，想起训练的付出，正纠结是否继续。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“然后，她听到了一个熟悉的声音，‘加油，米娅！你能做到！’”可知，第一段可以描写米娅在比赛中听到熟悉的鼓励声，她的心理变化，以及她如何受到鼓舞重新振作起来。 ②由第二段句首内容“距离终点还有50米，她几乎无法呼吸。”可知，第二段可以描写米娅接近终点时的艰难状况，她的身体感受，但她的思维如何保持清晰，以及她如何被家人和朋友的等待所激励。 2.续写线索：听到鼓励 —— 重燃斗志 —— 强忍疼痛 —— 加速冲刺 —— 冲过终点 —— 收获感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ① 轻轻转过头：turn her head slightly/turn her head a little ② 加速：quicken her pace/speed up/pick up speed ③ 欢呼：erupt in cheers/cheer loudly/burst into applause 情绪类 ① 有决心的：determined/resolved ② 欣喜若狂：overjoyed/extremely happy/joyful 【点睛】【高分句型1】The encouragement was like a spark that reignited the fire in her heart. (运用了that引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】As she crossed the finish line, the crowd erupted in cheers. (运用了As引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$