（预习部分）第02讲 Unit 2（知识全梳理&考点精准练）-【暑假自学课】2025年新七年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（鲁教版五四制2024）

第02讲Unit2（知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：知识图谱助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 一、词汇导学 1. affect (v.) 影响 例句：The bad weather affects our picnic. 【拓展】 有关短语：be affected by（受……影响）。名词形式为 effect（影响）。 2. dry (adj. & v.) 干的；干旱的（形容词）；使干燥，把……弄干（动词） 例句：The desert is dry. / Let's dry the wet shoes. 3. lightning (n.) 闪电 用法：不可数名词，描述自然现象“闪电”。 例句：We saw lightning in the sky last night. 4. stormy (adj.) 有暴风雨（或暴风雪）的 例句：It's a stormy day today. 【拓展】 有关短语：stormy weather（暴风雨天气）。 构词法：storm（n. 暴风雨） + -y 后缀（表“有……性质的”形容词），动词形式为 storm（猛攻）。 5. north (n. & adj. & adv.) 北部；北；北方（名词）；北方的，向北的（形容词）；向北，朝北（副词） 【拓展】 有关短语：in the north of（在……北部）。 构词法及词性变化：派生词 northern（adj. 北方的，表地域属性）。 例句：The city is in the north of our country. / We drive north to visit grandma. 6. west (n. & adj. & adv.) 西部；西；西方（名词）；西方的，向西的（形容词）；向西，朝西（副词） 【拓展】 有关短语：to the west of（在……西边）。 构词法及词性变化：派生词 western（adj. 西方的，表文化属性）。 例句：The sun sets in the west. / They travel west for holidays. 7. south (n. & adj. & adv.) 南部；南；南方（名词）；南方的，向南的（形容词）；向南，朝南（副词） 【拓展】有关短语：in the south of（在……南部）。 构词法及词性变化：派生词 southern（adj. 南方的，表地域属性）。 例句：Birds fly to the south in winter. / Our school is on the south side of the street. 8. east (n. & adj. & adv.) 东部；东；东方（名词）；东方的，向东的（形容词）；向东，朝东（副词） 【拓展】 有关短语：on the east of（在……东边）。 构词法及词性变化：派生词 eastern（adj. 东方的，表文化属性）。 例句：The sun rises in the east. / We move east to find a new home. 9. lucky (adj.) 运气好的；带来好运的 修饰名词（如 a lucky boy 幸运的男孩）或在系动词后作表语（如 I'm lucky 我很幸运）。 例句：You're a lucky boy to get the gift. / It's a lucky day. 【拓展】 有关短语：lucky dog（幸运儿，口语）、be lucky to do sth.（幸运做某事，如 be lucky to win 幸运获奖）。 构词法及词性变化：luck（n. 运气） + -y 后缀（表“……的”形容词），副词形式为 luckily（幸运地）。 10. temperature (n.) 温度 可数/不可数，表“温度”（如 a high temperature 高温；temperature drops 温度下降），常与 at/of 搭配。 例句：The temperature is 25 degrees today. / The nurse takes my temperature. 有关短语：take one's temperature（量体温）。 11. heavily (adv.) 大量地；沉重地 修饰动词/形容词，表“大量地；沉重地”（如 rain heavily 下大雨；a heavily box 沉重的箱子）。 【拓展】 有关短语：rain/snow heavily（下大雨/雪）。 构词法及词性变化：heavy（adj. 重的；大量的） + -ly 后缀（表“……地”副词）。 例句：It rains heavily today. / The box is heavy, so I can't carry it. 12. snowy (adj.) 下雪的；雪白的 例句：It's a snowy morning. / Her dress is snowy white. 【拓展】 构词法及词性变化：snow（n. 雪） + -y 后缀（表“……的”形容词），动词形式为 snow（下雪，如 It snows in winter. 冬天下雪）。 13. high (adj. & adv.) 高的（形容词）；高，高地（副词） 作形容词，修饰名词（如 a high mountain 高山）；作副词，修饰动词（如 jump high 跳得高）。 例句：The tree is high. / He jumps high in the game. 【拓展】 构词法及词性变化：本身多词性，名词形式为 height（高度，如 the height of a tree 树的高度）。 14. freezing (adj.)：极冷的；冰冻的 修饰名词（如 freezing weather 极冷的天气）或在系动词后作表语（如 It's freezing. 天极冷）。 例句：It's freezing outside. Put on more clothes. / The lake is freezing in winter. 【拓展】 有关短语：freezing cold（极冷）。 构词法及词性变化：freeze（v. 使结冰） + -ing 后缀（表“令人……的”形容词），形容词形式为 frozen（冷冻的，如 frozen food 冷冻食品）。 15. cloud (n.)：云；云彩 【拓展】 构词法及词性变化：派生词 cloudy（adj. 多云的，如 It's cloudy today. 今天多云）。 例句：There are many clouds in the sky. 16. magical (adj.) 魔法的；神奇的 【拓展】构词法及词性变化：magic（n. 魔法） + -al 后缀（表“……的”形容词）；名词：magician（魔术师） 例句：The movie has a magical story. / The forest looks magical at night. 17.rest (n. & v.) 休息；剩余部分（名词）；休息（动词） 作名词：不可数表“休息”（如 have a rest 休息一下），可数表“剩余部分”（如 the rest of the cake 剩下的蛋糕）；作动词：表“休息”（如 rest at home 在家休息）。 【拓展】 有关短语：have a rest（休息一下）、the rest of（剩余的……）。 例句：I need to have a rest. / The rest of the cake is for you. / Rest well before the exam. 18. although (conj.) 虽然；尽管 引导让步状语从句，表“虽然；尽管”，不能与 but 连用（如 Although it's cold, he goes out. 虽冷，他仍外出）。 例句：Although it's cold, he goes to school early. / Although she is tired, she finishes homework. 19. experience (n. & v.) 经历；经验（名词）；经历（动词） 作名词：可数表“经历”（如 an interesting experience 一次有趣的经历），不可数表“经验”（如 work experience 工作经验）；作动词：表“经历”（如 experience a storm 经历一场暴风雨）。 【拓展】 构词法及词性变化：派生词 experienced（adj. 有经验的，如 an experienced teacher 有经验的老师）。 例句：Traveling is a good experience.（n. 可数） / He has much experience in teaching.（n. 不可数） / I experience a lot in summer camp.（v.） 19. through (prep.) 穿过；凭借 表“穿过”（立体空间，如 through the forest 穿过森林）；表“凭借”（方式，如 through hard work 凭借努力）。 例句：We walk through the park. / He succeeds through hard work. 【拓展】 “through”和“across”都有“穿过”“通过”的意思，但在用法上有一些区别： through：强调在立体空间中从一端到另一端的移动，或表示“穿过”某个有内部空间的物体，如森林、隧道等。 across：侧重于从物体表面的一边到另一边，强调在一个平面上的跨越，如街道、河流等。 例句： through：The river flows through the city.（这条河穿过城市。） across：They walked across the bridge.（他们走过桥。） 20. glad (adj.)高兴的 有关短语：be glad to do sth.（高兴做某事，如 be glad to help 高兴帮忙）、be glad about（对……高兴，如 be glad about the news 对消息高兴）。 例句：I'm glad to see you. / She is glad about the good news. 21. fog (n.) 雾 【拓展】 有关短语：in the fog（在雾中）。 构词法及词性变化：派生词 foggy（adj. 有雾的，如 It's foggy today. 今天有雾）。 例句：There is fog today. 22. ground (n.) 地面；场地 例句：The ball falls on the ground. / Children play on the ground. 23. wet (adj. & v.) 湿的（形容词）；使湿（动词） 例句：My shoes are wet in the rain. / Don't wet the book. 24. tiring (adj.) 令人疲倦的 【拓展】 构词法及词性变化：tire（v. 使疲倦） + -ing 后缀（表“令人……的”形容词）。 修饰事物，表“令人疲倦的”（如 a tiring day 累人的一天；tiring work 累人的工作），区别于 tired（修饰人，表“感到累的”，如 a tired boy 累的男孩）。 例句：Hiking is a tiring activity. / Today is a tiring day for me. 25. seem (v.) 似乎；好像 后接形容词（seem happy 似乎高兴）、名词（seem a good idea 似乎是个好主意）或不定式（seem to know 似乎知道），表“似乎；好像”；也可用于 It seems that... 句型（如 It seems that he is late. 似乎他迟到了）。总结如下： 1）seem +adj 2) seem + to do 3) It seems that--- 例句：She seems happy. / It seems that he is late. / He seems to know the answer. 26. thought (n.) 想法；思考 可数，表“想法”（如 a new thought 一个新想法；thoughts about study 关于学习的想法）；不可数，表“思考”（如 deep thought 深入思考）。 例句：I have a new thought. / He puts much thought into his work. 【拓展】 有关短语：have a thought（有个想法）、deep thought（深入思考）。 构词法及词性变化：think（v. 想）的过去式和过去分词，也作名词；派生词 thoughtful（adj. 体贴的；深思的，如 a thoughtful gift 体贴的礼物）。 27. end (n. & v.)：末尾；结束（名词）；结束（动词） 作名词：可数表“末尾；结束”（如 a happy end 幸福的结局；the end of a story 故事的结尾）；作动词：表“结束”（如 end a meeting 结束会议）。 【拓展】 有关短语：at the end of...（在……末尾，如 at the end of the week 在周末）、in the end（最后，终于，如 In the end, he wins. 最后他赢了）。 例句：The story has a happy end. / At the end of the class, we sing a song. / In the end, he wins the game. / Let's end the meeting now. 28. pour (v.) 倾倒；倒出；倾盆而下 例句：Pour the milk into the glass. / It pours with rain today. 29. wind (n. & v.)风（名词）；缠绕（动词） 【拓展】 构词法及词性变化：派生词 windy（adj. 有风的，如 It's windy today. 今天有风）。 例句：The wind blows strongly. / It's windy today. / Wind the rope around the pole. 30. shout (v. & n.) 喊叫；呼喊（动词）；喊叫（名词） 作动词：shout at（对……大喊，带情绪，如 shout at a dog 对狗大喊）、shout to（对……呼喊，为让听到，如 shout to a friend 对朋友呼喊）； 作名词：表“喊叫”（如 a shout of joy 喜悦的呼喊）。 有关短语：shout at（对……大喊）、shout to（对……呼喊）。 例句：Don't shout at your sister. / He gives a shout of joy. 31. rain or shine:不论是雨或是晴；不管发生什么事 作状语，强调无论天气或状况如何。 如，Rain or shine, I go to school on time. 32.stay in待在家里；没有外出 例句：I stay in and do homework today. 33.lucky you 你真幸运 单独使用，回应别人的幸运遭遇。 例句：—I found a wallet and got a reward. —Lucky you! 34 some day将来；有朝一日 作时间状语，指“将来；有朝一日”（不确定的未来某天）。 例句：I hope to visit Beijing some day. 35. rest area休息区 例句：Let's stop at the rest area. / The rest area is clean. 36.feel like 感觉像；想要 后接名词/动名词，表“感觉像；想要”（如 feel like rain 感觉要下雨；feel like eating 想要吃东西）。 例句：It feels like rain. / I feel like eating ice - cream. 37. make progress取得进展 作谓语，表“取得进展”（progress 不可数，如 make great progress 取得大进步）。 例句：I make progress in English. / He makes progress in math. 38.in high spirits 情绪高涨；兴高采烈 例句：We are in high spirits for the trip. / He sings songs in high spirits. We are in high spirits 39.because of：因为 后接名词/代词/动名词，表“因为”（区别于 because 接句子，如 because of rain 因为下雨；because of getting up late 因为起晚）。 We don't go out because of the rain（=We don't go out because it is raining). He is late because of getting up late.(=He is late because he got up late) 40. at the top在顶部；在顶端 有关短语：at the top of...（在……的顶部）。 例句：Stand at the top of the hill. / The kite is at the top of the tree. 41. at the end 最后；在末尾 例句：At the end of the movie, everyone cries. / Wait for me at the end of the street 42.run after追逐 例句：The dog runs after the cat. / Don't run after the bus, it's dangerous. 二、句型导学 1."What is the weather like? （教材P12) 用于询问当前或特定时间的天气情况，可具体到某天、某地。 例： What is the weather like today?（今天天气如何？） What is the weather like in Beijing?（北京天气如何？） 基本回答：It is + 天气形容词（it指代天气，不可用the weather作主语）。 例： It's sunny.（晴天。） It's rainy/windy/cloudy.（下雨/刮风/多云。） It's warm and sunny, about 25°C.（温暖晴朗，约25摄氏度。） It's snowing heavily with strong winds.（大雪，伴有强风。） It will be cloudy tomorrow.（明天多云。） 【拓展】 1）常见天气词汇与表达 晴天sunny: It's sunny and bright. 阴天 cloudy: It's cloudy, maybe rain later. 雨天rainy / raining : It's pouring rain. 雪天snowy / snowing : It's snowy outside. 刮风 windy / blowing hard : The wind is blowing strongly. 雾天 foggy : It's very foggy this morning. 高温/低温 hot / cold: It's extremely hot today. 2）同义句对比:. How is the weather?（天气怎么样？） 例： How's the weather? — It's great!（天气如何？— 很好！） How's the weather? — Terrible, it's raining.（很糟，在下雨。） 3）常见错误提醒  遗漏like 错误：What is the weather? ✘ 正确：What is the weather like? 主语误用 错误：The weather is sunny. ✘（语法正确但不地道） 正确：It is sunny. 2.The clouds look amazing.（云朵看起来美极了）It feels like a magical place.（这里感觉像神奇之地） they don’t seem tired at all.（他们似乎一点也不累） （教材P16) 系动词：look/feel/seem（表“看起来/感觉/似乎”）后加形容词 固定搭配： look like （看起来像……）， like  后接名词或名词性短语 固定搭配： feel like  1）感觉像……， like 是介词，后接名词。如，He feels like a bird. 2) 想要，后加ving， 如，I don’t feel like eating anything. 【拓展】 系动词特点：后接 形容词/名词短语，描述“状态”，自身无动作（≠ 实义动词“看/摸/似乎”）。 同类系动词：smell（闻起来）、sound（听起来）、taste（尝起来）… 如，The cake smells delicious.（蛋糕闻起来很香） Your voice sounds sweet.（你的声音听起来很甜） 3.Climbing is tiring（爬山这件事很累） 1）动名词作主语（动词+ing 表“行为本身”）。动词+ing作主语时，谓语用单数。 如，Reading makes us wise.（阅读使人明智） Running every morning keeps me fit.（每天晨跑让我健康） 2）-ing形容词（事物给人的感受） vs. -ed形容词（人的感受） “Climbing is tiring.”（爬山这件事“令人疲惫”）；“The clouds look amazing.”（云朵“令人惊叹”） -ing → 描述 事物/行为有多“…（令人…）”： 如，a boring movie（一部无聊的电影）；an exciting game（一场刺激的比赛） -ed → 描述 人有多“…（感到…）”： 如，I’m bored.（我觉得无聊）；We’re excited about the game.（我们对比赛很兴奋） 4.Although the weather is bad, many people here are still in high spirits.（虽然天气差，但人们仍开心） 1）although 引导 让步从句（先承认不利条件），主句已含“转折”，无需再用but。 如，✔ “Although it’s hot, I walk to school.”（用although，主句表结果） ✔ “It’s hot, but I walk to school.”（用but，直接表转折） 2）固定短语：in high spirits（情绪高涨） 如，My sister Helen is also in high spirits.海伦也开心） She went to the party in high spirits.（她兴高采烈去派对） Don’t be in low spirits—things will get better!（别垂头丧气，事情会好的） 5.Everything looks grey, and you can’t see much because of the heavy fog.（一切看起来灰蒙蒙的，因为大雾，你看不清多少东西。） because of 后接名词/代词/动名词（表“原因的内容”）： 如，I’m late because of the traffic jam.（因为堵车，我迟到了） because 后接整句子（表“原因的逻辑”）： 如，I’m late because there’s a traffic jam.（因为有堵车，我迟到了） 6.The sun is shining through the clouds!”（太阳正穿透云层）  through （从内部穿过，如云层）≠  across （表面穿过，如马路）。 7. It feels good to be at the top!（到达山顶感觉很好） 结构：It + 系动词/谓语 + 形容词 + to do sth.（It 是形式主语，真正主语是 to do sth.） 如，It’s important to learn English well.（学好英语很重要） It’s easy to make mistakes in grammar.（语法里容易出错） 8. Climbing is hard, but we’re making good progress.（爬山很累，但我们进展不错。） 固定短语： make good progress （取得良好进展， progress  是不可数名词）。 9. The ground is very wet, so we have to climb slowly.（地面很湿，所以我们不得不慢慢爬。） 1）情态动词短语： have to （不得不，表 客观被迫，后接动词原形  climb ）≠  must （主观必须）。 2）副词： slowly （缓慢地，修饰动词  climb ）。 10. My shoes are all wet and dirty too.（我的鞋子也全湿了，还脏了。）  too （也，用于 肯定句末，区别于  also  句中、 either  否定句末）。 11. There are many other tourists at this rest area, but they don’t seem tired at all.（这个休息区有很多其他游客，但他们看起来一点也不累。） 1） there be 句型： There are + 复数主语 + 地点 （表“存在有……”）。 2）固定搭配： not... at all （一点也不……，加强否定语气）。 12. Instead, they’re talking and laughing!（相反，他们在有说有笑！） instead 作副词的基本用法 1）单独使用（句首/句末表替代、转折） 句首：常用逗号与后句隔开，先否定前一种情况，再用 instead 引出相反情况，表“反而；相反” 。 例：He didn’t study hard. Instead, he played computer games all day.（他没努力学习，相反，整天玩游戏 。） 句末：用于两个独立句、并列句后一句或带状语从句的主句，表“代替；反之” 。 例 1（独立句）：I don’t want coffee. I’ll have tea instead.（我不想要咖啡，喝茶代替 。） 例 2（并列句）：She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day.（她从不学习，反而整天打网球 。 ） 2）instead of 短语用法（介词性质，后接多种成分） 后接名词/代词，表“用…代替；而非” 例：I’ll go instead of him.（我代替他去 。 ） We should choose milk instead of juice.（我们该选牛奶而非果汁 。 ） 后接动名词（doing），表“不做…而做…” 例：Instead of going to the party, I stayed home.（我没去派对，而是待在家 。 ） He reads books instead of watching TV.（他读书而非看电视 。 ） 三、语法导学 （一）现在进行时（详见Unit1语法导学） （二）形容词、副词的用法 形容词（Adjectives） 形容词可修饰名词或代词，在句子中通常用作定语、表语和补语等。 1. 用作定语。例如： But only clever people can see them! It feels like a magical place. Those young people like sport very much. 2. 用作表语，置于系动词之后。例如： She is busy. The film is boring. A good student must be diligent. They are very hard-working. 3. 用作补语。例如： We need to keep our school clean and tidy. She made me angry last night. 副词（Adverbs） 1. 副词的用法和意义 副词在句中主要用作状语，修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。 （1）修饰动词。例如： It’s raining heavily. （2）修饰形容词。例如： The dog is quite cute. （3）修饰其他副词。例如： She drives very carefully. （4）修饰全句。例如： I usually have bread and milk for breakfast. 2. 频度副词 频度副词是副词的一种，表示事情发生的频率。常用的频度副词有 always、usually、often、sometimes、seldom (hardly ever)、never 等，它们在频度上的差异为： always > usually > often > sometimes > seldom (hardly ever) > never 频度副词通常放在实义动词前面。如果句子里有情态动词、助动词或系动词 be，频度副词通常放在这类动词之后。例如： I always play tennis near my house. We usually practise three times a week after school. I often go swimming because it keeps me healthy. Sometimes I have eggs and beans. I seldom / hardly ever see my friend Lucy now. A kind word is never lost. 阅读填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It’s a bright 1._________(sun) day and you’re ready to go to school. However, your mother tells you, “Take your umbrella. It’s going to rain this afternoon.” How does she know this? From the weather report! Thanks to Zhu Kezhen, 2._________ great Chinese meteorologist（气象学家）, we have a better understanding of the weather 3.________ weather reports. Zhu Kezhen is the founder of modern meteorology（气象学） in China. When he was young, Zhu was interested in changes of nature. He went to the United States 4._________（study） meteorology in 1910. After he finished his studies there, he didn’t agree to teach in American universities and 5.__________(return) to China. Thanks to his efforts, the Chinese people later had their own weather 6.________(report) . Zhu Kezhen made it a habit to observe the weather every day. Rain 7._______ shine, Zhu got up early every day and walked outside with 8.________(he) diary in hand. He observed the clouds and wind 9.________(careful) . He kept recording his observations for over 57 years. Even on the day before his passing, while in hospital, he wrote down, “Clear to cloudy, east wind 1—2.” 10._________Zhu passed away in 1974, people continue to honour him today and will do so forever. 考点1 现在进行时 用所给动词的正确形式填空 It is 26 January. It is freezing. The temperature 1. ______ (be) -20°C! Many people 2.______ (visit) this special place at the moment. Here they can see lots of special ice works of art like large and colourful buildings. Some of the tourists 3.______ (be) from South China. They 4.______ (enjoy) the ice festival very much. Look! What 5.______ they ______ (do)? Some of them 6.______ (take) photos, and some 7.______ (skate). Do you know the name of this special place? 考点2.形容词、副词的用法 单项选择 1.Everyone in our neighborhood loves my grandma because she is ______ kind to others. A. never B. always C. seldom D. sometimes 2.-- What do you think of the lecture of Li Yang’s Crazy English? --- I think it’s _______ , but someone thinks it’s much too ________. A. wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderful; boring C. wonderful enough; boring D. enough wonderful; bored 3.—I’m not sure what to get mom for her birthday. --Oh,I’ve no idea.______. A.too B.neither C.either D.also 用所给单词适当形式填空。 1.It's freezing outside. Put on more clothes. 2.It’s a __________(fog) day, you must be careful. 3.It is raining _________(heavy), we have to stay in. 4.Tom walked too _________(slow) and missed the early bus. 5.Climbing is _________(tire) ,but they don’t seem___________ (tire) at all. 考点3 询问天气 选择补全对话,其中有一项多余。 Bill: Hey, Anna.1.________________ Anna: It's wonderful! I'm at a beach in Sanya! Bill: Wow, lucky you! That sounds amazing. 2.________________________Anna: It's hot and sunny. It's about 28°C. Bill: That's nice! 3._______________Anna: I'm sunbathing at the moment! My brother John's here too. Bill: Oh, what's he doing? Anna: He's playing beach volleyball right now. What about you? How's the weather in Stockholm? Bill: Well, 4._________________. It's about -3°C. Anna: Oh, that's really cold! What's your family doing? Bill: Well, we usually stay in when it snows, 5.___________________ Hey, come and visit us some day! Anna: OK. Once the weather turns warm! A.How’s the weather like? B.What are you doing at the beach? C.How's your holiday going? D.it's cold and snowy E.but now we're building a snowman outside. F.What's the weather like there? 考点4 连词：although， because，because of 1. _________ many children like KFC, I think they’d better try not to eat it too often. A. Because B. When C. Although D. If 2.---Did you call Sara back? ---I didn’t need to, ______ we’ll have a meeting together tonight. A. though B. unless       C. because       D. if 3.--- What is our head teacher like, do you know? --- Oh, he is very kind _____ he looks very serious. A. because B. though C. if D. when 4.Money is important ,________it can’t buy everything. A.for B.but C.or D.so 5. Betty didn’t come to school yesterday_________ her ilnessl. A．but B．though C．because of D．because 考点5 系动词：feel, look, seem的用法 1.—What is Mum cooking in the kitchen? —Fish, I guess. How nice it ___________! A. looks B. sounds C. tastes D. smells 2.— Shall we go for a picnic in the park this Saturday? ---Oh, that _______ good. A. feels B. looks C. tastes D. sounds 3.This piece of music _______ beautiful. A. looks B. sounds C. tastes D. smells 4.— Look! There is a horse racing program on TV now. — Hmm .... It __exciting. A. seems B. looks like C. feels D. seems like 5.This kind of paper soft. A. feels B. tastes C. smells D. sounds 考点6 through， across的用法 1.The young men walked ______ the forest and came to a big river at last. A. on B. over       C. through      D. across 2.--Can a plane fly_______ the Atlantic Ocean? --Yes, but it needs to go_________ the clouds for hours. A.across, through B.through, across C.across,across D.through, through 3.The moonlight goes _____ the window and makes the room bright. A. across B. through C. over D. in 考点7 句型It is adj(for sb )to do 用所给单词适当形式填空 1.It is very hard ________(finish) the work in ten minutes. It’s very important for us ________( protect )the environment 知识图谱记忆 Unit 2 Rain or Shine 单元重点单词 affect  dry  north west south east hometown lucky  temperature heavily snowy high freezing cloud  magical  rest although experience  through glad  fog ground wet  tiring  seem  thought end  storm pour  wind shout 单元重点短语  rain or shine stay in lucky you some day feel like  rest area make progress in high spirits  because of  at the top at the end run after 单元重点句型 What's the weather like? It's raining heavily. How's the weather? It's cold and snowy. What are you doing at the beach? I'm sunbathing. What's your brother doing? He's playing beach volleyball right now. It's really cold! What's your family doing? We usually stay in when it snows, but now we're building a snowman outside. 单元语法 现在进行时 形容词、副词的用法 一、单项选择 1.— Does Antonia always finish his homework on time? — Yes, of course. He ______ leaves today’s work for tomorrow. A. also B. hardly C. only D. usually 2. The weather report says that it will be __________ tomorrow. A. rain B. rainy C. rains D.rained 3. I ________ go to the theater because I don’t like operas at all. A always B often C sometimes D never 4.I won’t be able to understand what you say,_____you speak too quickly. A.if B.though C.because 5.---How do you like songs sung by Liu Huan? ---They are wonderful, ______ I can’t hear his words clearly sometimes. A. but B. so C. because D. if 6.—Is everyone here today? --No.Tom is at home_____he has got a bad cold. A.because B.if C.until D.unless 7.He has a lot of money ,________he isn’t happy. A.and B.but C.so D.or 8.____ it snowed heavily yesterday, nobody in our class missed the lesson． A．Though B．Because C．Unless D．Since 9.---I ________ to be lost. Could you tell me .how I can get to the National Museum? ---Sure. You can take the No.3 bus to get there. A. become B.seem C.feel D.look 10. Noise can ____ our study, so the classroom needs to stay quiet. A. affect B. protect C. help D. find 11. The ____ is as high as 35℃ today — remember to drink more water. A. temperature B. weather C. heat D. cold 12. It’s raining ____, and the water on the road is above our ankles. A. heavily B. lightly C. slowly D. quickly 13.I ____ eating hotpot today — let’s go to that new restaurant! A. feel like B. want C. would like D. prefer 14. He was late ____ the traffic jam — the roads were blocked. A. because of B. because C. so D. although 15. He ______ very happy today, but I wonder if something is bothering him. A. seems B. feels C. looks D. sounds 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The weather is different in different parts of the world. In some places it is 1____, and in others it is wet. If the weather is too dry, the land (陆地) will not be 2____ for animals or plants. In wet weather there may be too much 3____. The rivers may go over their sides. The 4____ may take the bridge away. If the rivers go over their sides, 5____ people may not have enough food. If there is very dry weather for a long 6____, the river beds may be dry. In some 7____ parts of the world the weather may be very cold. There may be 8____. When it snows, the trees, the buildings and everything look 9____. In winter, the 10____ are short and the nights are long. 11____ cold winter nights, when there are no clouds or winds, the 12____ is very clear (晴朗的). And 13____ moon and stars are very beautiful. People may 14____ their coats and go out for long walks. When they come back to their houses, they may be happy 15____ hot coffee and cakes by the fire. 1. A. cool　　 B. dry　　 C. cold　　 D. hot 2. A. bad　　 B. well　　 C. better　　 D. good 3. A. rain　　 B. snow　　 C. wind　　 D. cloud 4. A. water　　 B. snow　　 C. fog　　 D. cloud 5. A. lot　　 B. a lot of　　 C. lots　　 D. lot of 6. A. time　　 B. way　　 C. year　　 D. month 7. A. the other　 B. others　　 C. other　　 D. the others 8. A. raining　 B. snow　　 C. blow　　 D. shine 9. A. blue　　 B. green　　 C. yellow　　 D. white 10. A. days　　 B. minutes　　 C. seconds　　 D. hours 11. A. For　　 B. At　　 C. On　　 D. After 12. A. river　 　B. land　　 C. sky　　 D. moon 13. A. a　　 B. an　　 C. the　　 D. \ 14. A. put away　 B. put on　 　C. take off　 　D. give back 15. A. have　 　B. to have　　 C. has　 D. having 三、阅读理解 Hi, friends! I'm Peter from Hungary. I am a middle school student in Grade 7. I want to talk about the weather of my country in a year. School starts on September 1st and that's the beginning of autumn. It's often sunny. And it is a rich season because trees are full of fruit. But in October and November, it's usually cold and windy. It rains a lot and it's often foggy (有雾的). The leaves of the trees fall down. Winter is very cold. The temperature falls under 0°C. It often snows and there are stormy winds (暴风). It is better to sit inside by the fire when the cold wind is blowing outside. Many people like winter because of winter sports like skating and skiing (滑雪). In Hungary there aren't very high mountains, so people often go skiing abroad. I like spring a lot because after the long cold, wet and foggy days, it is warm again. Trees are in full blossom (开花). You can see lovely spring flowers everywhere. The weather is quite changeable in April. It may be super sunny and warm in one minute and windy and cold in another. It often rains, and sometimes it's cloudy. But most of the time it is warm and sunny. My favorite season is summer. It is very hot in July and August. Sometimes there are showers (阵雨) or rainstorms. There are all kinds of fruit in summer. Children prefer summer to the other seasons because there is no school and we can take our holidays. 1. In Hungary, it's often rainy, windy and foggy in ______. A. May B. July C. September D. November 2. Many people in Hungary like winter because they can ______. A. B. C. （ D. 3. ______ in both summer and autumn in Hungary. A. There is no school B. The temperatures are high C. There are lots of fruit D. There are many rainstorms 4. Which season do the kids in Hungary like best? A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn. D. Winter. 四、情景运用 1. A:What is the weather like? B:________________________________________. 2. A: How is the weather? B:________________________________________. 3. A:________________________________________. B:It’s windy. A:What are they doing? B:_________________________________ 五、书面表达 假如你是李华，今天是星期天，阳光明媚，你和你的朋友正在公园游玩。请把你在公园里的所见所闻写出来。要求：80词左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第02讲Unit2（知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：知识图谱助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 一、词汇导学 1. affect (v.) 影响 例句：The bad weather affects our picnic. 【拓展】 有关短语：be affected by（受……影响）。名词形式为 effect（影响）。 2. dry (adj. & v.) 干的；干旱的（形容词）；使干燥，把……弄干（动词） 例句：The desert is dry. / Let's dry the wet shoes. 3. lightning (n.) 闪电 用法：不可数名词，描述自然现象“闪电”。 例句：We saw lightning in the sky last night. 4. stormy (adj.) 有暴风雨（或暴风雪）的 例句：It's a stormy day today. 【拓展】 有关短语：stormy weather（暴风雨天气）。 构词法：storm（n. 暴风雨） + -y 后缀（表“有……性质的”形容词），动词形式为 storm（猛攻）。 5. north (n. & adj. & adv.) 北部；北；北方（名词）；北方的，向北的（形容词）；向北，朝北（副词） 【拓展】 有关短语：in the north of（在……北部）。 构词法及词性变化：派生词 northern（adj. 北方的，表地域属性）。 例句：The city is in the north of our country. / We drive north to visit grandma. 6. west (n. & adj. & adv.) 西部；西；西方（名词）；西方的，向西的（形容词）；向西，朝西（副词） 【拓展】 有关短语：to the west of（在……西边）。 构词法及词性变化：派生词 western（adj. 西方的，表文化属性）。 例句：The sun sets in the west. / They travel west for holidays. 7. south (n. & adj. & adv.) 南部；南；南方（名词）；南方的，向南的（形容词）；向南，朝南（副词） 【拓展】有关短语：in the south of（在……南部）。 构词法及词性变化：派生词 southern（adj. 南方的，表地域属性）。 例句：Birds fly to the south in winter. / Our school is on the south side of the street. 8. east (n. & adj. & adv.) 东部；东；东方（名词）；东方的，向东的（形容词）；向东，朝东（副词） 【拓展】 有关短语：on the east of（在……东边）。 构词法及词性变化：派生词 eastern（adj. 东方的，表文化属性）。 例句：The sun rises in the east. / We move east to find a new home. 9. lucky (adj.) 运气好的；带来好运的 修饰名词（如 a lucky boy 幸运的男孩）或在系动词后作表语（如 I'm lucky 我很幸运）。 例句：You're a lucky boy to get the gift. / It's a lucky day. 【拓展】 有关短语：lucky dog（幸运儿，口语）、be lucky to do sth.（幸运做某事，如 be lucky to win 幸运获奖）。 构词法及词性变化：luck（n. 运气） + -y 后缀（表“……的”形容词），副词形式为 luckily（幸运地）。 10. temperature (n.) 温度 可数/不可数，表“温度”（如 a high temperature 高温；temperature drops 温度下降），常与 at/of 搭配。 例句：The temperature is 25 degrees today. / The nurse takes my temperature. 有关短语：take one's temperature（量体温）。 11. heavily (adv.) 大量地；沉重地 修饰动词/形容词，表“大量地；沉重地”（如 rain heavily 下大雨；a heavily box 沉重的箱子）。 【拓展】 有关短语：rain/snow heavily（下大雨/雪）。 构词法及词性变化：heavy（adj. 重的；大量的） + -ly 后缀（表“……地”副词）。 例句：It rains heavily today. / The box is heavy, so I can't carry it. 12. snowy (adj.) 下雪的；雪白的 例句：It's a snowy morning. / Her dress is snowy white. 【拓展】 构词法及词性变化：snow（n. 雪） + -y 后缀（表“……的”形容词），动词形式为 snow（下雪，如 It snows in winter. 冬天下雪）。 13. high (adj. & adv.) 高的（形容词）；高，高地（副词） 作形容词，修饰名词（如 a high mountain 高山）；作副词，修饰动词（如 jump high 跳得高）。 例句：The tree is high. / He jumps high in the game. 【拓展】 构词法及词性变化：本身多词性，名词形式为 height（高度，如 the height of a tree 树的高度）。 14. freezing (adj.)：极冷的；冰冻的 修饰名词（如 freezing weather 极冷的天气）或在系动词后作表语（如 It's freezing. 天极冷）。 例句：It's freezing outside. Put on more clothes. / The lake is freezing in winter. 【拓展】 有关短语：freezing cold（极冷）。 构词法及词性变化：freeze（v. 使结冰） + -ing 后缀（表“令人……的”形容词），形容词形式为 frozen（冷冻的，如 frozen food 冷冻食品）。 15. cloud (n.)：云；云彩 【拓展】 构词法及词性变化：派生词 cloudy（adj. 多云的，如 It's cloudy today. 今天多云）。 例句：There are many clouds in the sky. 16. magical (adj.) 魔法的；神奇的 【拓展】构词法及词性变化：magic（n. 魔法） + -al 后缀（表“……的”形容词）；名词：magician（魔术师） 例句：The movie has a magical story. / The forest looks magical at night. 17.rest (n. & v.) 休息；剩余部分（名词）；休息（动词） 作名词：不可数表“休息”（如 have a rest 休息一下），可数表“剩余部分”（如 the rest of the cake 剩下的蛋糕）；作动词：表“休息”（如 rest at home 在家休息）。 【拓展】 有关短语：have a rest（休息一下）、the rest of（剩余的……）。 例句：I need to have a rest. / The rest of the cake is for you. / Rest well before the exam. 18. although (conj.) 虽然；尽管 引导让步状语从句，表“虽然；尽管”，不能与 but 连用（如 Although it's cold, he goes out. 虽冷，他仍外出）。 例句：Although it's cold, he goes to school early. / Although she is tired, she finishes homework. 19. experience (n. & v.) 经历；经验（名词）；经历（动词） 作名词：可数表“经历”（如 an interesting experience 一次有趣的经历），不可数表“经验”（如 work experience 工作经验）；作动词：表“经历”（如 experience a storm 经历一场暴风雨）。 【拓展】 构词法及词性变化：派生词 experienced（adj. 有经验的，如 an experienced teacher 有经验的老师）。 例句：Traveling is a good experience.（n. 可数） / He has much experience in teaching.（n. 不可数） / I experience a lot in summer camp.（v.） 19. through (prep.) 穿过；凭借 表“穿过”（立体空间，如 through the forest 穿过森林）；表“凭借”（方式，如 through hard work 凭借努力）。 例句：We walk through the park. / He succeeds through hard work. 【拓展】 “through”和“across”都有“穿过”“通过”的意思，但在用法上有一些区别： through：强调在立体空间中从一端到另一端的移动，或表示“穿过”某个有内部空间的物体，如森林、隧道等。 across：侧重于从物体表面的一边到另一边，强调在一个平面上的跨越，如街道、河流等。 例句： through：The river flows through the city.（这条河穿过城市。） across：They walked across the bridge.（他们走过桥。） 20. glad (adj.)高兴的 有关短语：be glad to do sth.（高兴做某事，如 be glad to help 高兴帮忙）、be glad about（对……高兴，如 be glad about the news 对消息高兴）。 例句：I'm glad to see you. / She is glad about the good news. 21. fog (n.) 雾 【拓展】 有关短语：in the fog（在雾中）。 构词法及词性变化：派生词 foggy（adj. 有雾的，如 It's foggy today. 今天有雾）。 例句：There is fog today. 22. ground (n.) 地面；场地 例句：The ball falls on the ground. / Children play on the ground. 23. wet (adj. & v.) 湿的（形容词）；使湿（动词） 例句：My shoes are wet in the rain. / Don't wet the book. 24. tiring (adj.) 令人疲倦的 【拓展】 构词法及词性变化：tire（v. 使疲倦） + -ing 后缀（表“令人……的”形容词）。 修饰事物，表“令人疲倦的”（如 a tiring day 累人的一天；tiring work 累人的工作），区别于 tired（修饰人，表“感到累的”，如 a tired boy 累的男孩）。 例句：Hiking is a tiring activity. / Today is a tiring day for me. 25. seem (v.) 似乎；好像 后接形容词（seem happy 似乎高兴）、名词（seem a good idea 似乎是个好主意）或不定式（seem to know 似乎知道），表“似乎；好像”；也可用于 It seems that... 句型（如 It seems that he is late. 似乎他迟到了）。总结如下： 1）seem +adj 2) seem + to do 3) It seems that--- 例句：She seems happy. / It seems that he is late. / He seems to know the answer. 26. thought (n.) 想法；思考 可数，表“想法”（如 a new thought 一个新想法；thoughts about study 关于学习的想法）；不可数，表“思考”（如 deep thought 深入思考）。 例句：I have a new thought. / He puts much thought into his work. 【拓展】 有关短语：have a thought（有个想法）、deep thought（深入思考）。 构词法及词性变化：think（v. 想）的过去式和过去分词，也作名词；派生词 thoughtful（adj. 体贴的；深思的，如 a thoughtful gift 体贴的礼物）。 27. end (n. & v.)：末尾；结束（名词）；结束（动词） 作名词：可数表“末尾；结束”（如 a happy end 幸福的结局；the end of a story 故事的结尾）；作动词：表“结束”（如 end a meeting 结束会议）。 【拓展】 有关短语：at the end of...（在……末尾，如 at the end of the week 在周末）、in the end（最后，终于，如 In the end, he wins. 最后他赢了）。 例句：The story has a happy end. / At the end of the class, we sing a song. / In the end, he wins the game. / Let's end the meeting now. 28. pour (v.) 倾倒；倒出；倾盆而下 例句：Pour the milk into the glass. / It pours with rain today. 29. wind (n. & v.)风（名词）；缠绕（动词） 【拓展】 构词法及词性变化：派生词 windy（adj. 有风的，如 It's windy today. 今天有风）。 例句：The wind blows strongly. / It's windy today. / Wind the rope around the pole. 30. shout (v. & n.) 喊叫；呼喊（动词）；喊叫（名词） 作动词：shout at（对……大喊，带情绪，如 shout at a dog 对狗大喊）、shout to（对……呼喊，为让听到，如 shout to a friend 对朋友呼喊）； 作名词：表“喊叫”（如 a shout of joy 喜悦的呼喊）。 有关短语：shout at（对……大喊）、shout to（对……呼喊）。 例句：Don't shout at your sister. / He gives a shout of joy. 31. rain or shine:不论是雨或是晴；不管发生什么事 作状语，强调无论天气或状况如何。 如，Rain or shine, I go to school on time. 32.stay in待在家里；没有外出 例句：I stay in and do homework today. 33.lucky you 你真幸运 单独使用，回应别人的幸运遭遇。 例句：—I found a wallet and got a reward. —Lucky you! 34 some day将来；有朝一日 作时间状语，指“将来；有朝一日”（不确定的未来某天）。 例句：I hope to visit Beijing some day. 35. rest area休息区 例句：Let's stop at the rest area. / The rest area is clean. 36.feel like 感觉像；想要 后接名词/动名词，表“感觉像；想要”（如 feel like rain 感觉要下雨；feel like eating 想要吃东西）。 例句：It feels like rain. / I feel like eating ice - cream. 37. make progress取得进展 作谓语，表“取得进展”（progress 不可数，如 make great progress 取得大进步）。 例句：I make progress in English. / He makes progress in math. 38.in high spirits 情绪高涨；兴高采烈 例句：We are in high spirits for the trip. / He sings songs in high spirits. We are in high spirits 39.because of：因为 后接名词/代词/动名词，表“因为”（区别于 because 接句子，如 because of rain 因为下雨；because of getting up late 因为起晚）。 We don't go out because of the rain（=We don't go out because it is raining). He is late because of getting up late.(=He is late because he got up late) 40. at the top在顶部；在顶端 有关短语：at the top of...（在……的顶部）。 例句：Stand at the top of the hill. / The kite is at the top of the tree. 41. at the end 最后；在末尾 例句：At the end of the movie, everyone cries. / Wait for me at the end of the street 42.run after追逐 例句：The dog runs after the cat. / Don't run after the bus, it's dangerous. 二、句型导学 1."What is the weather like? （教材P12) 用于询问当前或特定时间的天气情况，可具体到某天、某地。 例： What is the weather like today?（今天天气如何？） What is the weather like in Beijing?（北京天气如何？） 基本回答：It is + 天气形容词（it指代天气，不可用the weather作主语）。 例： It's sunny.（晴天。） It's rainy/windy/cloudy.（下雨/刮风/多云。） It's warm and sunny, about 25°C.（温暖晴朗，约25摄氏度。） It's snowing heavily with strong winds.（大雪，伴有强风。） It will be cloudy tomorrow.（明天多云。） 【拓展】 1）常见天气词汇与表达 晴天sunny: It's sunny and bright. 阴天 cloudy: It's cloudy, maybe rain later. 雨天rainy / raining : It's pouring rain. 雪天snowy / snowing : It's snowy outside. 刮风 windy / blowing hard : The wind is blowing strongly. 雾天 foggy : It's very foggy this morning. 高温/低温 hot / cold: It's extremely hot today. 2）同义句对比:. How is the weather?（天气怎么样？） 例： How's the weather? — It's great!（天气如何？— 很好！） How's the weather? — Terrible, it's raining.（很糟，在下雨。） 3）常见错误提醒  遗漏like 错误：What is the weather? ✘ 正确：What is the weather like? 主语误用 错误：The weather is sunny. ✘（语法正确但不地道） 正确：It is sunny. 2.The clouds look amazing.（云朵看起来美极了）It feels like a magical place.（这里感觉像神奇之地） they don’t seem tired at all.（他们似乎一点也不累） （教材P16) 系动词：look/feel/seem（表“看起来/感觉/似乎”）后加形容词 固定搭配： look like （看起来像……）， like  后接名词或名词性短语 固定搭配： feel like  1）感觉像……， like 是介词，后接名词。如，He feels like a bird. 2) 想要，后加ving， 如，I don’t feel like eating anything. 【拓展】 系动词特点：后接 形容词/名词短语，描述“状态”，自身无动作（≠ 实义动词“看/摸/似乎”）。 同类系动词：smell（闻起来）、sound（听起来）、taste（尝起来）… 如，The cake smells delicious.（蛋糕闻起来很香） Your voice sounds sweet.（你的声音听起来很甜） 3.Climbing is tiring（爬山这件事很累） 1）动名词作主语（动词+ing 表“行为本身”）。动词+ing作主语时，谓语用单数。 如，Reading makes us wise.（阅读使人明智） Running every morning keeps me fit.（每天晨跑让我健康） 2）-ing形容词（事物给人的感受） vs. -ed形容词（人的感受） “Climbing is tiring.”（爬山这件事“令人疲惫”）；“The clouds look amazing.”（云朵“令人惊叹”） -ing → 描述 事物/行为有多“…（令人…）”： 如，a boring movie（一部无聊的电影）；an exciting game（一场刺激的比赛） -ed → 描述 人有多“…（感到…）”： 如，I’m bored.（我觉得无聊）；We’re excited about the game.（我们对比赛很兴奋） 4.Although the weather is bad, many people here are still in high spirits.（虽然天气差，但人们仍开心） 1）although 引导 让步从句（先承认不利条件），主句已含“转折”，无需再用but。 如，✔ “Although it’s hot, I walk to school.”（用although，主句表结果） ✔ “It’s hot, but I walk to school.”（用but，直接表转折） 2）固定短语：in high spirits（情绪高涨） 如，My sister Helen is also in high spirits.海伦也开心） She went to the party in high spirits.（她兴高采烈去派对） Don’t be in low spirits—things will get better!（别垂头丧气，事情会好的） 5.Everything looks grey, and you can’t see much because of the heavy fog.（一切看起来灰蒙蒙的，因为大雾，你看不清多少东西。） because of 后接名词/代词/动名词（表“原因的内容”）： 如，I’m late because of the traffic jam.（因为堵车，我迟到了） because 后接整句子（表“原因的逻辑”）： 如，I’m late because there’s a traffic jam.（因为有堵车，我迟到了） 6.The sun is shining through the clouds!”（太阳正穿透云层）  through （从内部穿过，如云层）≠  across （表面穿过，如马路）。 7. It feels good to be at the top!（到达山顶感觉很好） 结构：It + 系动词/谓语 + 形容词 + to do sth.（It 是形式主语，真正主语是 to do sth.） 如，It’s important to learn English well.（学好英语很重要） It’s easy to make mistakes in grammar.（语法里容易出错） 8. Climbing is hard, but we’re making good progress.（爬山很累，但我们进展不错。） 固定短语： make good progress （取得良好进展， progress  是不可数名词）。 9. The ground is very wet, so we have to climb slowly.（地面很湿，所以我们不得不慢慢爬。） 1）情态动词短语： have to （不得不，表 客观被迫，后接动词原形  climb ）≠  must （主观必须）。 2）副词： slowly （缓慢地，修饰动词  climb ）。 10. My shoes are all wet and dirty too.（我的鞋子也全湿了，还脏了。）  too （也，用于 肯定句末，区别于  also  句中、 either  否定句末）。 11. There are many other tourists at this rest area, but they don’t seem tired at all.（这个休息区有很多其他游客，但他们看起来一点也不累。） 1） there be 句型： There are + 复数主语 + 地点 （表“存在有……”）。 2）固定搭配： not... at all （一点也不……，加强否定语气）。 12. Instead, they’re talking and laughing!（相反，他们在有说有笑！） instead 作副词的基本用法 1）单独使用（句首/句末表替代、转折） 句首：常用逗号与后句隔开，先否定前一种情况，再用 instead 引出相反情况，表“反而；相反” 。 例：He didn’t study hard. Instead, he played computer games all day.（他没努力学习，相反，整天玩游戏 。） 句末：用于两个独立句、并列句后一句或带状语从句的主句，表“代替；反之” 。 例 1（独立句）：I don’t want coffee. I’ll have tea instead.（我不想要咖啡，喝茶代替 。） 例 2（并列句）：She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day.（她从不学习，反而整天打网球 。 ） 2）instead of 短语用法（介词性质，后接多种成分） 后接名词/代词，表“用…代替；而非” 例：I’ll go instead of him.（我代替他去 。 ） We should choose milk instead of juice.（我们该选牛奶而非果汁 。 ） 后接动名词（doing），表“不做…而做…” 例：Instead of going to the party, I stayed home.（我没去派对，而是待在家 。 ） He reads books instead of watching TV.（他读书而非看电视 。 ） 三、语法导学 （一）现在进行时（详见Unit1语法导学） （二）形容词、副词的用法 形容词（Adjectives） 形容词可修饰名词或代词，在句子中通常用作定语、表语和补语等。 1. 用作定语。例如： But only clever people can see them! It feels like a magical place. Those young people like sport very much. 2. 用作表语，置于系动词之后。例如： She is busy. The film is boring. A good student must be diligent. They are very hard-working. 3. 用作补语。例如： We need to keep our school clean and tidy. She made me angry last night. 副词（Adverbs） 1. 副词的用法和意义 副词在句中主要用作状语，修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。 （1）修饰动词。例如： It’s raining heavily. （2）修饰形容词。例如： The dog is quite cute. （3）修饰其他副词。例如： She drives very carefully. （4）修饰全句。例如： I usually have bread and milk for breakfast. 2. 频度副词 频度副词是副词的一种，表示事情发生的频率。常用的频度副词有 always、usually、often、sometimes、seldom (hardly ever)、never 等，它们在频度上的差异为： always > usually > often > sometimes > seldom (hardly ever) > never 频度副词通常放在实义动词前面。如果句子里有情态动词、助动词或系动词 be，频度副词通常放在这类动词之后。例如： I always play tennis near my house. We usually practise three times a week after school. I often go swimming because it keeps me healthy. Sometimes I have eggs and beans. I seldom / hardly ever see my friend Lucy now. A kind word is never lost. 阅读填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It’s a bright 1._________(sun) day and you’re ready to go to school. However, your mother tells you, “Take your umbrella. It’s going to rain this afternoon.” How does she know this? From the weather report! Thanks to Zhu Kezhen, 2._________ great Chinese meteorologist（气象学家）, we have a better understanding of the weather 3.________ weather reports. Zhu Kezhen is the founder of modern meteorology（气象学） in China. When he was young, Zhu was interested in changes of nature. He went to the United States 4._________（study） meteorology in 1910. After he finished his studies there, he didn’t agree to teach in American universities and 5.__________(return) to China. Thanks to his efforts, the Chinese people later had their own weather 6.________(report) . Zhu Kezhen made it a habit to observe the weather every day. Rain 7._______ shine, Zhu got up early every day and walked outside with 8.________(he) diary in hand. He observed the clouds and wind 9.________(careful) . He kept recording his observations for over 57 years. Even on the day before his passing, while in hospital, he wrote down, “Clear to cloudy, east wind 1—2.” 10._________Zhu passed away in 1974, people continue to honour him today and will do so forever. 答案：1.sunny 2.a 3.through 4.to study 5.returned 6.reports 7.or 8.his 9.carefully 10.Though/Although 解析：【导语】人物传记。本文讲述中国现代气象学奠基人竺可桢：他赴美求学后归国，推动中国天气预报发展；坚持57年观测天气，直至生命最后一刻。虽已离世，仍被后人永远敬仰 。 1. sunny：名词 sun 变形容词 sunny ，修饰 day ，表“晴朗的”。 2. a：泛指“一位”伟大气象学家，用不定冠词 a （great 以辅音音素开头）。 3. through：介词，表“通过（天气预报这种方式）”了解天气。 4. to study：不定式作目的状语，表“去美国的目的是学习气象学”。 5. returned：与前文 didn’t agree 并列，时态一致，用一般过去时 returned 。 6. reports：weather reports 为固定搭配（“天气预报”，常用复数）。 7. or：rain or shine 是习语，表“无论晴雨；无论如何”。 8. his：形容词性物主代词，修饰 diary ，表“他的日记”。 9. carefully：副词修饰动词 observed ，careful 变副词 carefully （仔细地）。 10. Though/Although：引导让步状语从句，表“尽管竺可桢1974年去世，人们仍纪念他”。 考点1 现在进行时 用所给动词的正确形式填空 It is 26 January. It is freezing. The temperature 1. ______ (be) -20°C! Many people 2.______ (visit) this special place at the moment. Here they can see lots of special ice works of art like large and colourful buildings. Some of the tourists 3.______ (be) from South China. They 4.______ (enjoy) the ice festival very much. Look! What 5.______ they ______ (do)? Some of them 6.______ (take) photos, and some 7.______ (skate). Do you know the name of this special place? 答案解析 1. is 一般现在时（陈述客观事实，如温度）。主语 the temperature 是单数，故 be 动词用 is。 2. are visiting 现在进行时（标志：at the moment“此刻”，表动作正在进行）。结构为 be + doing；主语 many people 是复数，故填 are visiting。 3. are 一般现在时（陈述“游客来自华南”的客观事实）。some of the tourists 是复数主语，故 be 动词用 are。 4. enjoy 一般现在时（enjoy 表“持续的感受”，属状态动词，常用一般现在时）。主语 they 是复数，故填动词原形 enjoy。 5. are；doing 现在进行时（标志：Look!“看！”，提示动作正在发生）。特殊疑问句结构为 What + be + 主语 + doing?；主语 they 是复数，故第5空填 are，第6空填 doing。 6. are taking 现在进行时（承接前文“正在做什么”，描述当下动作）。结构为 be + doing；主语 some of them 是复数，故填 are taking。 7. are skating 现在进行时（与 are taking photos 并列，同表此刻动作）。结构为 be + doing；主语 some（指代游客）是复数，故填 are skating。 【解题指导】 本文描述 “冰雪节”场景（如哈尔滨冰雪大世界）：1月26日极寒（-20℃），人们参观冰雕艺术，南方游客尤其享受冰雪活动。语法上聚焦 “现在进行时”（表当下动作）与“一般现在时”（表事实/状态）的区分，结合“天气、旅游”情景考查时态运用。 考点2.形容词、副词的用法 单项选择 1.Everyone in our neighborhood loves my grandma because she is ______ kind to others. A. never B. always C. seldom D. sometimes 2.-- What do you think of the lecture of Li Yang’s Crazy English? --- I think it’s _______ , but someone thinks it’s much too ________. A. wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderful; boring C. wonderful enough; boring D. enough wonderful; bored 3.—I’m not sure what to get mom for her birthday. --Oh,I’ve no idea.______. A.too B.neither C.either D.also 用所给单词适当形式填空。 1.It's _________(freeze) outside. Put on more clothes. 2.It’s a __________(fog) day, you must be careful. 3.It is raining _________(heavy), we have to stay in. 4.Tom walked too _________(slow) and missed the early bus. 5.Climbing is _________(tire) ,but they don’t seem___________ (tire) at all. 单选：1. 答案：B (always) 频率副词词义辨析。 never（从不）、seldom（很少）表否定，与“邻居都爱奶奶”矛盾；sometimes（有时）程度弱； always（总是）符合“因善良受喜爱”的语境。 2. 答案：C (wonderful enough; boring) ① enough 修饰形容词时后置（adj. + enough）；② -ed（修饰人）和 -ing（修饰物）形容词区分。 enough 需放在 wonderful 后，排除B、D；讲座（lecture 是事物）用 boring（令人无聊的），排除A（bored 修饰人）。 3. 答案：C (either) 否定句中“也”的表达（either 用于否定句末，too 用于肯定句末，also 用于句中，neither 表“两者都不”）。 前文 I’ve no idea 表否定，故用 either 表“也（不）”，排除A、D；neither 语义不符（非“两者都不”）。 用所给单词适当形式填空 1. freezing：（freezing 是形容词，表“极冷的”，修饰 outside）。 2. foggy： 名词变形容词（fog → foggy，修饰 day，表“有雾的”）。 3. heavily： 形容词变副词（heavy → heavily，修饰动词 raining，表“猛烈地”）。 4. slowly： 形容词变副词（slow → slowly，修饰动词 walked，表“缓慢地”）。 5. tiring; tired： -ing（修饰事物，“令人疲惫的”）和 -ed（修饰人，“感到疲惫的”）形容词区分。 第一空修饰 climbing（活动，事物），用 tiring； 第二空 seem 后接形容词，修饰 they（人），用 tired。 【归纳总结】 形容词/副词：掌握 enough 位置、-ed/-ing*差异、副词修饰动词的规则。 考点3 询问天气 选择补全对话,其中有一项多余。 Bill: Hey, Anna.1.________________ Anna: It's wonderful! I'm at a beach in Sanya! Bill: Wow, lucky you! That sounds amazing. 2.________________________Anna: It's hot and sunny. It's about 28°C. Bill: That's nice! 3._______________Anna: I'm sunbathing at the moment! My brother John's here too. Bill: Oh, what's he doing? Anna: He's playing beach volleyball right now. What about you? How's the weather in Stockholm? Bill: Well, 4._________________. It's about -3°C. Anna: Oh, that's really cold! What's your family doing? Bill: Well, we usually stay in when it snows, 5.___________________ Hey, come and visit us some day! Anna: OK. Once the weather turns warm! A.How’s the weather like? B.What are you doing at the beach? C.How's your holiday going? D.it's cold and snowy E.but now we're building a snowman outside. F.What's the weather like there? 答案：1. C 2. F 3. B 4. D 5. E 解析：1.Anna答“It's wonderful! I'm at a beach...”，围绕“假期状态”，故问“假期过得怎么样？”。 2. Anna答“It's hot and sunny...”是天气描述，What's the weather like? 是询问天气的标准表达（A选项语法错误，应为 How's the weather? 或 What's the weather like?，故排除A）。 3. Anna答“I'm sunbathing...”是当下动作，故问“你在沙滩做什么？”。 4.Bill提“斯德哥尔摩天气”，后接 -3°C，故描述“寒冷多雪”。 5.前文 usually stay in when it snows（通常下雪时待在家），后文 but 表转折，故接“但现在在外面堆雪人”，逻辑通顺。 【归纳总结】 情景交际：熟记“询问天气（What's the weather like?）”“询问活动（What are you doing?）”的常用表达，结合语境选句。 考点4 连词：although， because，because of 1. _________ many children like KFC, I think they’d better try not to eat it too often. A. Because B. When C. Although D. If 2.---Did you call Sara back? ---I didn’t need to, ______ we’ll have a meeting together tonight. A. though B. unless       C. because       D. if 3.--- What is our head teacher like, do you know? --- Oh, he is very kind _____ he looks very serious. A. because B. though C. if D. when 4.Money is important ,________it can’t buy everything. A.for B.but C.or D.so 5. Betty didn’t come to school yesterday_________ her illness. A．but B．though C．because of D．Because 1. 答案：C (Although) 让步状语从句（although 表“虽然，尽管”）。前半句“很多孩子喜欢KFC”与后半句“最好别常吃”是让步关系（承认事实，转折强调观点），故选 although；Because（因果）、When（时间）、If（条件）逻辑不符。 2. 答案：C (because) 原因状语从句（because 表“因为”，后接句子）。“不用回电”的原因是“今晚要见面”（完整句子 we’ll have a meeting...），故选 because；though（虽然）、unless（除非）、if（如果）逻辑不符。 3. 答案：B (though) 让步状语从句（though 表“虽然，尽管”，同义 although）。前半句“和蔼”与后半句“看起来严肃”是让步关系（表面严肃，实际和蔼），故选 though；because（因果）、if（条件）、when（时间）逻辑不符。 4. 答案：B (but) 并列连词（but 表“转折”）。前半句“钱重要”与后半句“买不到一切”是转折关系，故选 but；for（表补充原因，少用）、or（否则）、so（因果）逻辑不符。 5. 答案：C (because of) 原因表达（because of 后接名词/短语，because 后接句子）。空格后是 her illness（名词短语），故选 because of；because 后需接句子（如 because she was ill），but（转折）、though（虽然）逻辑不符。 【归纳总结】 连词：区分 although/though（让步）、because/because of（因果，后接句子/短语）、but（转折）的逻辑和用法。 考点5 系动词：feel, look, seem的用法 1.—What is Mum cooking in the kitchen? —Fish, I guess. How nice it ___________! A. looks B. sounds C. tastes D. smells 2.— Shall we go for a picnic in the park this Saturday? ---Oh, that _______ good. A. feels B. looks C. tastes D. sounds 3.This piece of music _______ beautiful. A. looks B. sounds C. tastes D. smells 4.— Look! There is a horse racing program on TV now. — Hmm .... It __exciting. A. seems B. looks like C. feels D. seems like 5.This kind of paper soft. A. feels B. tastes C. smells D. sounds 1. 答案：D (smells) 系动词辨析（smell 表“闻起来”，后接形容词）。前句“妈妈在厨房煮鱼”→ 还没吃，先“闻”到香味，故选 smells；looks（看起来）、sounds（听起来）、tastes（尝起来，未吃，排除）逻辑不符。 2. 答案：D (sounds) 系动词辨析（sound 表“听起来”，用于评价提议/想法）。提议“去公园野餐”→ 评价“提议听起来不错”，故选 sounds；feels（感觉起来）、looks（看起来）、tastes（尝起来）逻辑不符。 3. 答案：B (sounds) 系动词辨析（sound 表“听起来”，搭配音乐/声音）。 主语是 music（音乐）→ 用 sounds 表“听起来优美”；looks（看）、tastes（尝）、smells（闻）与“音乐”无关，排除。 4. 答案：A (seems) 系动词用法（seem 表“似乎，看起来”，后接形容词；look like/seem like 后接名词）。空格后是 exciting（形容词），故选 seems（seem + adj. 表“似乎……”）；look like/seem like 后接名词（如 It seems like a good idea），feel（主语常为人，表“感觉”）逻辑不符。 5. 答案：A (feels) 系动词辨析（feel 表“摸起来”，搭配触感类名词）。主语是 paper（纸）→ 用 feels 表“摸起来软”；tastes（尝）、smells（闻）、sounds（听）与“纸的触感”无关，排除。 【归纳总结】 系动词：掌握 look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、smell（闻起来）、taste（尝起来）、feel（摸起来/感觉）、seem（似乎）的感官/语义匹配（如音乐→sound，纸→feel）。 考点6 through， across的用法 1.The young men walked ______ the forest and came to a big river at last. A. on B. over       C. through      D. across 2.--Can a plane fly_______ the Atlantic Ocean? --Yes, but it needs to go_________ the clouds for hours. A.across, through B.through, across C.across,across D.through, through 3.The moonlight goes _____ the window and makes the room bright. A. across B. through C. over D. in 考点6 through， across的用法 答案：1. C 2. A 3. B 解析： 1. 穿过森林（内部）用through，选C。 2. 飞越大西洋（表面横跨）用across，穿过云层（内部）用through，选A。 3. 月光“透过”窗户（内部穿过玻璃）用through，选B。 【归纳总结】- through 表示“从内部穿过”（如空间、立体结构），如穿过森林、窗户、隧道等。 - across 表示“从表面横跨”（如平面），如穿过马路、河流、海洋等。 考点7 句型It is adj(for sb )to do 用所给单词适当形式填空 1.It is very hard ________(finish) the work in ten minutes. It’s very important for us ________( protect )the environment . 答案：1. to finish 2. to protect 解析： 1. “十分钟内完成工作很难”，填to finish。 2. “保护环境对我们很重要”，填to protect。 【归纳总结】 句型结构为 It is + 形容词 + (for sb) + to do sth，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，空格处需用不定式 to do. 知识图谱记忆 Unit 2 Rain or Shine 单元重点单词 affect  dry  north west south east hometown lucky  temperature heavily snowy high freezing cloud  magical  rest although experience  through glad  fog ground wet  tiring  seem  thought end  storm pour  wind shout 单元重点短语  rain or shine stay in lucky you some day feel like  rest area make progress in high spirits  because of  at the top at the end run after 单元重点句型 What's the weather like? It's raining heavily. How's the weather? It's cold and snowy. What are you doing at the beach? I'm sunbathing. What's your brother doing? He's playing beach volleyball right now. It's really cold! What's your family doing? We usually stay in when it snows, but now we're building a snowman outside. 单元语法 现在进行时 形容词、副词的用法 一、单项选择 1.— Does Antonia always finish his homework on time? — Yes, of course. He ______ leaves today’s work for tomorrow. A. also B. hardly C. only D. usually 1. B. hardly 频率副词辨析。根据“Antonia总是按时完成作业”可知，他“几乎不”把今天的事留到明天。hardly表示“几乎不”，符合语境。其他选项：also（也）、only（仅）、usually（通常）均不符合逻辑。 2. The weather report says that it will be __________ tomorrow. A. rain B. rainy C. rains D.rained B. rainy 形容词作表语。天气预报中“明天会是……”需用形容词。rainy（多雨的）是形容词，正确。其他选项：rain（动词/名词）、rains（三单形式）、rained（过去式）均不符合语法。 3. I ________ go to the theater because I don’t like operas at all. A always B often C sometimes D never D. never 频率副词辨析。“不喜欢歌剧”导致“从不”去剧院。never（从不）符合句意。always（总是）、often（经常）、sometimes（有时）均与“不喜欢”矛盾。 4.I won’t be able to understand what you say,_____you speak too quickly. A.if B.though C.because A. if 连词辨析（条件状语从句）。“你说得太快”是“我无法理解”的条件，用if（如果）引导条件状语从句。though（虽然）表让步，because（因为）表原因，均不符。 5.---How do you like songs sung by Liu Huan? ---They are wonderful, ______ I can’t hear his words clearly sometimes. A. but B. so C. because D. if A. but 连词辨析（转折关系）。“歌很棒”与“听不清歌词”为转折关系，用but（但是）。so（所以）表结果，because（因为）表原因，if（如果）表条件，均不符。 6.—Is everyone here today? --No.Tom is at home_____he has got a bad cold. A.because B.if C.until D.unless A. because 连词辨析（原因状语从句）。“Tom在家”的原因是“感冒”，用because引导原因状语从句。if（如果）、until（直到）、unless（除非）均不符。 7.He has a lot of money ,________he isn’t happy. A.and B.but C.so D.or B. but 连词辨析（转折关系）。“有钱”与“不开心”为转折关系，用but（但是）。and（和）表并列，so（所以）表结果，or（或者）表选择，均不符。 8.____ it snowed heavily yesterday, nobody in our class missed the lesson． A．Though B．Because C．Unless D．Since A. Though 连词辨析（让步状语从句）。“雪下得大”与“没人缺课”为让步关系，用Though（虽然）。Because（因为）、Unless（除非）、Since（自从）均不符。 9.---I ________ to be lost. Could you tell me .how I can get to the National Museum? ---Sure. You can take the No.3 bus to get there. A. become B.seem C.feel D.look B. seem 系动词辨析（seem的用法）。“似乎迷路了”用seem to be表示“看起来好像”。become（变成）、feel（感觉）、look（看起来）均不如seem贴切。 10. Noise can ____ our study, so the classroom needs to stay quiet. A. affect B. protect C. help D. find A. affect 动词词义辨析。“噪音”会“影响”学习，用affect（影响）。protect（保护）、help（帮助）、find（找到）均不符句意。 11. The ____ is as high as 35℃ today — remember to drink more water. A. temperature B. weather C. heat D. cold A. temperature 名词词义辨析。 “35℃”指“温度”，用temperature。weather（天气）、heat（热）、cold（冷）均不具体指温度数值。 12. It’s raining ____, and the water on the road is above our ankles. A. heavily B. lightly C. slowly D. quickly A. heavily 副词修饰动词。“雨下得大”用heavily修饰动词rain。lightly（轻地）、slowly（慢地）、quickly（快地）均不符。 13.I ____ eating hotpot today — let’s go to that new restaurant! A. feel like B. want C. would like D. prefer A. feel like 动词短语辨析（后接动名词）。“想吃火锅”用feel like doing sth.。want/would like后接不定式（to do），prefer（更喜欢）需有比较语境，均不符。 14. He was late ____ the traffic jam — the roads were blocked. A. because of B. because C. so D. although A. because of 连词与介词短语辨析（后接名词/短语）。“交通堵塞”是名词短语，用because of（因为）。because后接从句，so（所以）、although（虽然）均不符。 15. He ______ very happy today, but I wonder if something is bothering him. A. seems B. feels C. looks D. sounds C. looks 系动词辨析（视觉感官）。“看起来开心”用looks（看起来），强调视觉感受。seems（似乎）、feels（感觉）、sounds（听起来）均不符语境。 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The weather is different in different parts of the world. In some places it is 1____, and in others it is wet. If the weather is too dry, the land (陆地) will not be 2____ for animals or plants. In wet weather there may be too much 3____. The rivers may go over their sides. The 4____ may take the bridge away. If the rivers go over their sides, 5____ people may not have enough food. If there is very dry weather for a long 6____, the river beds may be dry. In some 7____ parts of the world the weather may be very cold. There may be 8____. When it snows, the trees, the buildings and everything look 9____. In winter, the 10____ are short and the nights are long. 11____ cold winter nights, when there are no clouds or winds, the 12____ is very clear (晴朗的). And 13____ moon and stars are very beautiful. People may 14____ their coats and go out for long walks. When they come back to their houses, they may be happy 15____ hot coffee and cakes by the fire. 1. A. cool　　 B. dry　　 C. cold　　 D. hot 2. A. bad　　 B. well　　 C. better　　 D. good 3. A. rain　　 B. snow　　 C. wind　　 D. cloud 4. A. water　　 B. snow　　 C. fog　　 D. cloud 5. A. lot　　 B. a lot of　　 C. lots　　 D. lot of 6. A. time　　 B. way　　 C. year　　 D. month 7. A. the other　 B. others　　 C. other　　 D. the others 8. A. raining　 B. snow　　 C. blow　　 D. shine 9. A. blue　　 B. green　　 C. yellow　　 D. white 10. A. days　　 B. minutes　　 C. seconds　　 D. hours 11. A. For　　 B. At　　 C. On　　 D. After 12. A. river　 　B. land　　 C. sky　　 D. moon 13. A. a　　 B. an　　 C. the　　 D. \ 14. A. put away　 B. put on　 　C. take off　 　D. give back 15. A. have　 　B. to have　　 C. has　 D. having 答案: 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. B 解析： 【导语】文章体裁：说明文，本文介绍世界各地天气差异及其影响，包括干旱与湿润地区的危害、寒冷地区的雪景、冬季昼夜特点，以及人们在寒冷夜晚的活动。 1. 根据下文“in others it is wet”可知，此处需填“wet”的反义词。四个选项中，dry（干燥的）与wet构成对比，故选B。 2. 固定搭配“be good for”表示“对……有益”，否定式为“not be good for”。此处指“土地对动植物无益”，故选D。 3. wet weather（湿润天气）的典型特征是“多雨”。rain（雨）符合语境，其他选项snow（雪）、wind（风）、cloud（云）均不贴切，故选A。 4. 河流泛滥时，“水（water）”会冲垮桥梁。snow（雪）、fog（雾）、cloud（云）与河流泛滥无关，故选A。 5. 修饰复数名词people需用“a lot of”或“lots of”。A（lot）、C（lots）、D（lot of）均为错误表达，故选B。 6. 固定短语“for a long time”表示“很长时间”，指干旱持续很久。其他选项way（方式）、year（年）、month（月）均不符合搭配，故选A。 7. “some other parts”表示“其他一些地区”。others和the others后不能接名词，the other用于两者中的“另一个”，均不符合语境，故选C。 8. 寒冷地区的典型天气是“下雪”，there may be后接名词snow（不可数）。raining（下雨）为动名词，结构不符，故选B。 9. 下雪后，树木、建筑等会被雪覆盖，呈现“白色（white）”。其他颜色与雪景无关，故选D。 10. 冬季特征是“白天（days）短，夜晚长”。minutes（分钟）、seconds（秒）、hours（小时）均不符合常识，故选A。 11.具体某天的夜晚用介词on，如“on cold winter nights”（在寒冷的冬夜）。for（为了）、at（在某时刻）、after（在……之后）均不适用，故选C。 12. 无云无风的夜晚，“天空（sky）”晴朗。river（河流）、land（陆地）、moon（月亮）均与“晴朗”无关，故选C。 13. moon（月亮）和stars（星星）是独一无二的事物，前需用定冠词the，故选C。 14. “出门散步”需要“穿上（put on）”外套。put away（收起）、take off（脱下）、give back（归还）均不符合语境，故选B。 15. 固定结构“be happy to do sth.”表示“高兴做某事”，此处需用不定式to have，故选B。 三、阅读理解 Hi, friends! I'm Peter from Hungary. I am a middle school student in Grade 7. I want to talk about the weather of my country in a year. School starts on September 1st and that's the beginning of autumn. It's often sunny. And it is a rich season because trees are full of fruit. But in October and November, it's usually cold and windy. It rains a lot and it's often foggy (有雾的). The leaves of the trees fall down. Winter is very cold. The temperature falls under 0°C. It often snows and there are stormy winds (暴风). It is better to sit inside by the fire when the cold wind is blowing outside. Many people like winter because of winter sports like skating and skiing (滑雪). In Hungary there aren't very high mountains, so people often go skiing abroad. I like spring a lot because after the long cold, wet and foggy days, it is warm again. Trees are in full blossom (开花). You can see lovely spring flowers everywhere. The weather is quite changeable in April. It may be super sunny and warm in one minute and windy and cold in another. It often rains, and sometimes it's cloudy. But most of the time it is warm and sunny. My favorite season is summer. It is very hot in July and August. Sometimes there are showers (阵雨) or rainstorms. There are all kinds of fruit in summer. Children prefer summer to the other seasons because there is no school and we can take our holidays. 1. In Hungary, it's often rainy, windy and foggy in ______. A. May B. July C. September D. November 2. Many people in Hungary like winter because they can ______. A. B. C. D. 3. ______ in both summer and autumn in Hungary. A. There is no school B. The temperatures are high C. There are lots of fruit D. There are many rainstorms 4. Which season do the kids in Hungary like best? A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn. D. Winter. 5. Which is a suitable title for the passage? A. My Favorite Season in Hungary B. Weather and Activities in Hungary C. Seasons in Hungary D. Fruit and Sports in Hungary 答案：1.D 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 解析：【导语】本文以中学生彼得的视角，介绍匈牙利四季特点：秋季多雾多雨、果实丰收；冬季寒冷多雪，适合滑雪；春季温暖多变、鲜花盛开；夏季炎热，有假期和丰富水果，全面展现了匈牙利的季节风貌。 1. 根据第二段“But in October and November, it's usually cold and windy. It rains a lot and it's often foggy”可知，11月符合“多雨、多风、有雾”的描述，故选D。 2. 第三段明确提到“Many people like winter because of winter sports like skating and skiing”，滑雪属于户外冬季运动，对应图片B。 3. 第二段提到秋季“trees are full of fruit”，第五段提到夏季“There are all kinds of fruit”，因此“水果丰富”是夏秋共同特点，故选C。 4. 最后一段“Children prefer summer to the other seasons because there is no school”直接表明孩子们最喜欢夏天，故选B。 5.文章围绕匈牙利四季的天气、特色活动及自然现象展开，通篇以“四季”为核心。 A（最喜欢的季节）仅提及个人偏好，偏离全文主旨；B（天气与活动）忽略季节框架；D（水果与运动）仅为部分季节的细节。C（匈牙利的四季）直接概括文章主题，最为贴切。 四、情景运用 1. A:What is the weather like? B:________________________________________. 2. A: How is the weather? B:________________________________________. 3. A:________________________________________. B:It’s windy. A:What are they doing? B:_________________________________ 参考答案 1.It’s stormy. 2.It’s dry. 3.How is the weather?/What’s the weather like？ 4.They are climbing mountains. 五、书面表达 假如你是李华，今天是星期天，阳光明媚，你和你的朋友正在公园游玩。请把你在公园里的所见所闻写出来。要求：80词左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 It's a sunny day today. It's 10:00 in the morning. The sun is shining brightly. It's very warm. I am in the park with my friends. There are a lot of people here. Let's see what they are doing at the moment. A man along the river is drawing while another man is swimming. Two girls are reading books on the grass. A boy is flying kites with a man. Some people are running and others are walking. There are two boys playing chess and a man is playing the guitar. What am I doing? I'm having a picnic with my friends. We're talking and laughing. What a fine day! Everyone is having a good time. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$