暑假作业03 简单句的基本句型-【暑假分层作业】2025年八年级英语暑假培优练（外研版）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业03 简单句的基本句型 1. 概念：由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子叫作简单句。 2. 分类 句子分类（按结构）：简单句、并列复合句、主从复合句 3. 简单句的五种基本句型 (1) 主语+系动词+表语（S+V+P） 如：You look happy. 你看起来很高兴。 (2) 主语+不及物动词（S+V） 如：We talked a lot. 我们谈了很多。 (3) 主语+及物动词+宾语（S+V+O） 如：I really enjoy my English class. 我真的很喜欢英语课。 (4) 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+V+IO+DO） 如：He sent me some flowers. 他给我送了些花。 (5) 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（S+V+O+OC） 如：I find English interesting. 我发现英语很有趣。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．Some birds are flying happily.本句的基本句型是 ________. A．S+V+P B．S+V+O C．S+V 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一些鸟儿欢快地飞翔。本句的基本句型是主语+谓语。 考查句型结构。S+V+P主语+谓语+表语；S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V主语+谓语。本题中：Some birds是主语，are flying是谓语，happily是状语。故选C。 2．What is the sentence structure of “Eddie is watching Hobo work.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“埃迪正在看着霍波干活”这句话的句子结构是什么？ 考查基本句型。该句型结构为“主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语”，表示“埃迪正在看霍波工作”。其中，Eddie为主语（S）；is watching为谓语（V）；Hobo为直接宾语（DO）；work为宾语补足语（OC）。故选D。 3．Which of the following is the sentence pattern”S+V+P”? A．The old man walks in the park. B．I usually have breakfast at 7:00 C．The bike is new. D．She hopes to see her uncle. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：以下哪句是 “主 + 系 + 表（S+V+P）” 句型？ 考查基本句型。“S+V+P”句型即主语+系动词+表语结构。The old man walks in the park. 中The old man是主语，walks是谓语动词，in the park是地点状语，属于“S+V”结构；I usually have breakfast at 7:00 中I是主语，have是谓语动词，breakfast是宾语，at 7:00是时间状语，属 “S+V+O”结构；The bike is new.中The bike是主语，is是系动词，new是表语，符合“S+V+P”结构；She hopes to see her uncle.中She是主语，hopes是谓语动词，to see her uncle是宾语，属于“S+V+O”结构。故选C。 4．Which of the following does the sentence “Sad movies often make me unhappy” belong to (属于)? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“悲伤的电影经常让我不开心”这句话属于下列哪一种？ 考查基本句型。Sad movies作主语；often是状语部分；make作谓语；me作宾语；unhappy作宾语补足语。故选C。 5．The structure (结构) of the sentence “You receive a postcard from your brother.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“你收到了一封来自你弟弟的明信片。”的句子结构是主谓宾结构。 考查句子结构。这句话句子结构是“主语+谓语动词+宾语”，主语是You；谓语动词是receive；宾语是a postcard。故选B。 6．Which of the following sentence has the same sentence structure as “This kind of food tastes delicious”? A．You can put the dishes in the kitchen B．I often hear someone playing the violin next door. C．Having an ice-cream in the hot summer is really cool. D．Our headmaster will invite a scientist to our school very soon. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列哪一句和“This kind of food tastes delicious”句子的结构相同？ 考查句子结构。You can put the dishes in the kitchen是主谓宾结构；I often hear someone playing the violin next door.是主谓宾加宾补的结构；Having an ice-cream in the hot summer is really cool.是主系表结构；Our headmaster will invite a scientist to our school very soon.是主谓宾结构。根据“This kind of food tastes delicious”可知，此句结构是主系表结构，故选C。 7．Jenny expects her mother to be healthy. A．主语 B．表语 C．宾语 D．宾语补足语 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Jenny期望她的妈妈是健康的。 考查句子结构。根据“Jenny expects her mother to be healthy.”可知，Jenny主语；expects谓语；her mother宾语；划线部分to be healthy是动词不定式短语，作宾语补足语。故选D。 8．“We have four seasons.” The main structure of the sentence is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“我们有四季。”这个句子的主要结构是S+V+O。 考查句子结构分析。在“We have four seasons.”中，We是句子的主语，have是谓语动词，four seasons是宾语。该句子结构为“主语+谓语+宾语”，即S+V+O。故选A。 9．He told me to clean the room. A．宾补 B．直接宾语 C．间接宾语 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他让我打扫房间。 考查句子结构。He told me to clean the room的句子结构是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”，所以A项正确。故选A。 10．Tom asked me a question. A．宾补 B．直接宾语 C．间接宾语 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Tom问了我一个问题。 考查句子成分。ask sb sth“询问某人某事”，me是间接宾语，a question是直接宾语。故选B。 11．Farmers harvest crops. The structure of the sentence is_________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+P 【答案】A 【详解】句意：农民收割庄稼。这个句子的结构是S+V+O。 考查句子结构分析。在“Farmers harvest crops.”中，Farmers是句子的主语，harvest是谓语动词，crops是宾语。该句子结构为“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”，即S + V + O 。故选A。 12．The sentence structure of “My mum cooked me a nice meal yesterday.” is________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“My mum cooked me a nice meal yesterday.”的句子结构是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”。 考查句子结构。分析句子可知，my mum是主语S，cooked是谓语V，me是间接宾语IO，a nice meal是直接宾语DO，所以句子结构是S+V+IO+DO。故选D。 13．In the sentence “We call the little girl Sandy.” the underlined part is ________. A．IO B．DO C．OC D．P 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在句子“我们叫这个小女孩桑迪。”中，画线部分是宾语补足语。 考查句子成分。IO间接宾语；DO直接宾语；OC宾语补足语；P表语。分析句子结构，句子“We call the little girl Sandy.”是采用了“主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的句型，Sandy是宾语补足语。故选C。 14．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “I find English very interesting.”? A．Autumn leaves turn brown. B．People like flying kites on spring days. C．My parents gave me nice presents. D．I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：以下哪一项与“I find English very interesting.”的句子结构相同？ 考查句子结构。Autumn leaves turn brown，“主语+系动词+表语”结构；People like flying kites on spring days，“主语+谓语+宾语+状语”结构；My parents gave me nice presents，“主语+谓语+间宾+直宾”结构；I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park，“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”结构。I find English very interesting的句子结构为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”，D项符合。故选D。 15．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “The little girl is cute”? A．Mum and dad gave me nice presents B．The sun was shining. C．We have four seasons. D．Ice cream tastes nice. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下面哪一个句子与“The little girl is cute.”的句子结构相同？ 本题考查句子结构。分析句子“The little girl is cute.”的结构：主语 + 系动词 + 表语，即为主系表结构。Mum and dad gave me nice presents.主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语，为主谓宾宾结构；The sun was shining.主语 + 谓语，为主谓结构；We have four seasons.主语 + 谓语 + 宾语，为主谓宾结构；Ice cream tastes nice.主语 + 系动词 + 表语，为主系表结构，与题干句子结构一致。故选D。 16．What’s the sentence structure of “The book sells well”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“The book sells well”的句子结构是什么？ 考查句子结构。分析句子可知，“The book”是主语，“sells”是不及物动词作谓语，“well”作状语。故选A。 17．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “I like playing the piano.”? A．He runs fast every day. B．We watched a film last night. C．He helped me clean the classroom. D．Who posted me the letter in the morning? 【答案】B 【详解】句意：以下哪句话和“我喜欢弹钢琴”的句子结构相同？ 考查句子结构。He runs fast every day.主谓；We watched a film last night.主谓宾；He helped me clean the classroom.主谓宾宾补；Who posted me the letter in the morning?主谓宾宾。句子I like playing the piano.是主谓宾结构，B选项与其结构相同。故选B。 18．The sentence structure (结构) of “He is ringing someone to come and help us at the moment.” is ________. A．S+V+P B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+DO D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】B 【详解】句意：句子“He is ringing someone to come and help us at the moment.”的句子结构是：主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾补。 考查句子结构。这里He是主语，is ringing是谓语动词短语，someone是直接宾语，to come and help us at the moment是宾语补足语。符合B选项“S+V+DO+OC主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾补”结构。故选B。 19．Which of the following sentences has the structure of “S+V+P”? A．The little girl looks at the toy train happily. B．Wolves can smell things far away well. C．You looked unhappy yesterday. D．I made him happy. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：以下哪个句子的结构是“主语+系动词+表语”？ 考查句子结构。“The little girl looks at the toy train happily.”的句子结构为：主语+谓语+宾语；“Wolves can smell things far away well.”的句子结构为：主语+谓语+宾语；“You looked unhappy yesterday.”的句子结构为：主语+系动词+表语；“I made him happy.”的句子结构为：主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。在“S+V+P”中，S代表主语，V代表系动词，P代表表语。因此选项C是“S+V+P”结构。故选C。 20．—Can you tell me the main structure of the sentence “The wind is blowing hard.”? —Let me see. It’s “________”. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我“The wind is blowing hard.”这句话的主要结构吗？——让我想想，是“S+V”。 考查句式结构。S+V主谓；S+V+O主谓宾；S+V+P主系表；S+V+DO+OC主谓双宾语。分析句子可知，The wind作主语；is blowing作谓语动词，hard作状语，因此这句话的结构是主谓。故选A。 一、语法选择 Last winter, my hometown in Hunan was hit by the worst snowstorm in 30 years. I still remember that pretty cold morning 1 I woke up to find everything covered with thick ice. Trees fell down everywhere because of the ice rain, and power lines (电线) broke into 2 . We couldn’t go anywhere but stayed at home. 3 light, we sat around candles at night. The temperature 4 to -10°C, and our food almost ran out. My father decided 5 to the store but fell down on the icy road, hurting his knee. I felt scared and helpless until I heard someone knocking at 6 door—it was volunteers from the community! They brought us rice, water, candles and even a flashlight. One kind lady gave me her gloves (手套) because 7 were too old and thin. The most touching moment came when the soldiers (士兵) arrived with heavy machines to clear the roads. 8 it seemed cold to death outside, they worked till midnight. I joined other teenagers to sweep the snow near our house, learning that even small tries matter. This heavy snowstorm taught me two 9 lessons. First, nature can be powerful (强大的), but human kindness is 10 . Second, we must protect the environment. Now I always do my part in saving the earth, like turning off lights in time and planting trees in spring. 1．A．when B．while C．still 2．A．piece B．pieces C．pieces ’ 3．A．For B．With C．Without 4．A．drops B．dropped C．was dropping 5．A．walk B．walking C．to walk 6．A．a B．an C．the 7．A．mine B．my C．me 8．A．Because B．Although C．But 9．A．important B．importance C．importantly 10．A．strong B．stronger C．the strongest 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在湖南遭遇的罕见暴风雪，社区志愿者和士兵们对他们进行无私帮助。 1．句意：我仍然记得那个非常寒冷的早晨，我醒来发现一切都覆盖着厚厚的冰。 when当；while当；still仍然。根据“I woke up to find everything covered with thick ice”可知是当醒来的时候，woke up是非延续性动词，用when引导。故选A。 2．句意：由于冰雨，树木到处倒下，电线也断成了碎片。 piece块；pieces块（复数形式）；pieces’块的（复数形式的所有格）。根据“broke into”可知是断成了碎片，用名词复数。故选B。 3．句意：没有电灯，我们晚上只能围坐在蜡烛旁。 For为了；With和；Without没有。根据“light, we sat around candles at night”可知是没有灯，所以点蜡烛。故选C。 4．句意：气温下降到了零下10摄氏度，我们的食物也快吃完了。 drops掉落（第三人称单数形式）；dropped掉落（过去式）；was dropping正在滴落（过去进行时）。本文时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选B。 5．句意：我爸爸决定走去商店，但在结冰的路上摔倒了，伤到了膝盖。 walk走（动词原形）；walking走（现在分词）；to walk走（动词不定式）。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故选C。 6．句意：我感到害怕和无助，直到我听到有人敲门——是社区的志愿者们！ a一个，不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，定冠词。knock at the door“敲门”。故选C。 7．句意：一位善良的女士把她的手套给了我，因为我的手套太旧太薄了。 mine我的（名词性物主代词）；my我的（形容词性物主代词）；me我（宾格代词）。此处指“我的手套”，空后无名词，用名词性物主代词。故选A。 8．句意：尽管外面冷得要命，但他们一直工作到午夜。 Because因为；Although尽管；But但是。前后两句是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故选B。 9．句意：这场大雪让我学到了两个重要的教训。 important重要的（形容词）；importance重要性（名词）；importantly重要地（副词）。修饰空后的名词，用形容词。故选A。 10．句意：首先，大自然可以很强大，但人类的善良更强大。 strong强壮的（形容词）；stronger更强壮的（比较级）；the strongest最强壮的（最高级）。根据“nature can be powerful (强大的), but human kindness is ”可知此处指人类的善意比自然更强大，用比较级。故选B。 二、完形填空 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 What kind of programmes do you like to watch? Talk shows, game shows or soap operas? As for me, I don’t 11 any of them. I only like cartoons. It’s just because of Walt Disney. Many people hope to be successful like him. Yet, many of them can’t make their dreams come true. But Walt Disney could make it all the time. He made everything he did successful. What can we 12 his stories? What do you think of 13 ? In people’s mind, they are usually not popular, but Mickey Mouse 14 many people’s hearts. Movies about Mickey Mouse have been popular almost everywhere in the world for more than eighty years. What made Disney create this 15 cartoon character (角色)? When he was young, Walt Disney hoped to do well in drawing cartoons. And he also tried to find better 16 of making cartoon movies. At that time, some movies started to use 17 . So after a discussion (讨论) with his workmates, Disney planned to put sound in his cartoons, too. People were 18 and some of them cheered when they saw Mickey Mouse talk on the movie screen. Mickey became popular with both the young and the old. Later, Walt Disney 19 to build a new kind of amusement park (游乐场). He hoped to bring a clean, good and beautiful world to people of all ages. 20 , Walt Disney made his dream come true. In 1955, Disneyland opened in the USA and became one of the most successful amusement parks in the world. 11．A．study B．enjoy C．believe D．know 12．A．search for B．learn from C．write about D．put on 13．A．fish B．dogs C．mice D．cats 14．A．wins B．loses C．breaks D．shares 15．A．easy B．boring C．serious D．famous 16．A．places B．changes C．problems D．ways 17．A．sound B．colour C．computer D．language 18．A．lucky B．humorous C．excited D．rich 19．A．stopped B．started C．forgot D．remembered 20．A．Traditionally B．Probably C．Suddenly D．Finally 【答案】 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D 16．D 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．D 【导语】本文讲述作者只喜欢卡通节目，引出沃尔特·迪士尼的成功故事，包括米老鼠的创作、动画技术创新以及迪士尼乐园的建立。 11．句意：至于我，我不喜欢它们中的任何一个。 study学习；enjoy喜欢；believe相信；know知道。根据下文“I only like cartoons.”可知，只喜欢卡通，应是不喜欢它们中的任何一个。故选B。 12．句意：我们能从他的故事中学到什么？ search for寻找；learn from学习；write about撰写；put on穿上。根据上文“He made everything he did successful.”可知，前文提到迪士尼的成功，此处应表示学习他的经验。故选B。 13．句意：你对老鼠有什么看法？ fish鱼；dogs狗；mice老鼠；cats猫。根据下文“Mickey Mouse”可知，此处指老鼠。故选C。 14．句意：在人们的心目中，它们通常不受欢迎，但米老鼠赢得了许多人的心。 wins赢得；loses失去；breaks打破；shares分享。根据“Mickey Mouse…many people’s hearts”的语境及常识可知，米老鼠赢得了许多人的心。故选A。 15．句意： 是什么让迪士尼创造出这个著名的卡通角色？ easy简单的；boring无聊的；serious严肃的；famous著名的。根据上文“Mickey Mouse”可知，米老鼠是全球知名的卡通形象。故选D。 16．句意：他还试图找到更好的制作卡通电影的方法。 places地点；changes改变；problems问题；ways方法。根据下文“Disney planned to put sound in his cartoons, too.”可知，此处表示制作方法。故选D。 17．句意：当时一些电影开始使用声音。 sound声音；colour颜色；computer电脑；language语言。根据下文“Disney planned to put sound in his cartoons, too.”可知，此处表示使用声音。故选A。 18．句意：当人们在电影屏幕上看到米老鼠讲话时，他们很兴奋，其中一些人欢呼起来。 lucky幸运的；humorous幽默的；excited兴奋的；rich富有的。根据“some of them cheered”可知，观众情绪激动，C项符合。故选C。 19．句意：后来，迪士尼开始建造一种新型游乐场。 stopped停止；started开始；forgot忘记；remembered记得。根据下文“In 1955, Disneyland opened in the USA and became one of the most successful amusement parks in the world.”描述迪士尼乐园的建立可知，此处指迪士尼开始建造一种新型游乐场。故选B。 20．句意：最终，沃尔特·迪士尼实现了他的梦想。 Traditionally传统上；Probably可能；Suddenly突然；Finally最终。根据下文“In 1955, Disneyland opened in the USA and became one of the most successful amusement parks in the world.”可知，此处表示长期努力后的结果，指最终实现了他的梦想。故选D。 三、阅读理解 A Learn about the science of sleeping Our bodies sleep in 90-minute cycles (周期), experiencing five to six each night. At first, you enter a light stage of sleep when your muscles (肌肉) relax. Then, the body temperature drops, and the heart rate (心率) slows. Next comes deep sleep. It’s difficult to wake up during this stage. This is when your body repairs itself and builds up energy for the day ahead. Finally, you get into the REM (快速眼动) sleep stage. It is when most dreaming happens. After REM sleep, the cycle repeats. Waking up in the morning in the “wrong” stage can make you feel especially tired. An app called Sleep Calculator can help you avoid this. It can work out the perfect bedtime for you based on your wake-up time. Developed by the UK company Hillarys, this smart calculator considers the sleep cycles our bodies go through each night. Whether you’re an early bird or a night owl, simply input your wake-up time, and the calculator will work out the perfect bedtime to make sure that you rise and shine with a spring in your step. It’s also worth noting that you shouldn’t just start your sleep cycle whenever you want. Many young people go to bed late and get up late, such as sleeping from 2 a.m. to 10 a.m. They think as long as they have 8 hours’ sleep, everything will be fine. But in fact, our bodies can tell the time, by using light and temperature. If we wake up too late, we may feel even more tired after oversleeping. 21．How many stages does each sleep cycle have? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 22．What happens to us during the stage of deep sleep? A．We get into dreams and stay still. B．Our temperature goes down quickly. C．Our heart rate rises and muscles relax. D．We build up energy and repair our body. 23．What will happen if you wake up in a “wrong” stage? A．Your eyes will move rapidly. B．You may feel very tired. C．You may have bad dreams. D．You may lose energy quickly. 24．What can Sleep Calculator do for users? A．Suggest the perfect bedtime. B．Prevent you from dreaming a lot. C．Wake you up when you oversleep. D．Make you fall asleep faster. 25．Where can we probably read the passage? A．In a history textbook. B．In a tour guide. C．In a science magazine. D．In a story book. 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了睡眠周期及其对睡眠的影响，并介绍了一款睡眠计算器应用程序，它可以根据起床时间计算合适的入睡时间。 21．细节理解题。根据“At first, you enter a light stage of sleep when your muscles (肌肉) relax…Finally, you get into the REM (快速眼动) sleep stage.”可知，睡眠周期有4个阶段。故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据“Next comes deep sleep. It’s difficult to wake up during this stage. This is when your body repairs itself and builds up energy for the day ahead.”可知，深度睡眠阶段，身体可以积累能量和自我修复。故选D。 23．细节理解题。根据“Waking up in the morning in the ‘wrong’ stage can make you feel especially tired.”可知，在错误的阶段醒来你会感到非常疲惫。故选B。 24．细节理解题。根据“Whether you’re an early bird or a night owl, simply input your wake-up time, and the calculator will work out the perfect bedtime to make sure that you rise and shine with a spring in your step.”可知，这款计算器会计算出完美的就寝时间。故选A。 25．推理判断题。通读全文，本文主要讲述了睡眠周期及其对睡眠的影响，并介绍了一款睡眠计算器应用程序，它可以根据起床时间计算合适的入睡时间，因此我们可以在科学杂志上看到这篇文章。故选C。 B Scientists have discovered the world’s largest known field of sea grass. They did it using videos shot by some unusual helpers: tiger sharks. The work should help protect the sea grass, and also shows off a powerful way to explore the ocean. Sea grasses are flowering plants that normally grow in shallow waters near coasts. They grow in thick fields, known as meadows (草甸). Sea grass meadows not only help clean the ocean's water and provide food and shelter for many sea creatures but also help fight against the climate crisis. Sea grass meadows store huge amounts of carbon-the harmful pollution that’s making global warming worse. Damaging them can release this pollution again, so it’s important to protect them. However, scientists don’t know the exact size and number of the world’s sea grass meadows. The meadows can be hard to spot, because the water is either too deep or not clear enough. And the ocean is so huge that it’s simply not possible to study it all by diving. So a team of scientists decided to have sharks help with the research. Tiger sharks are fast swimmers that live underwater. They also spend a lot of time in sea grass meadows. Between 2016 and 2020, a team of researchers attached (系上) cameras and other trackers to the fins (鱼鳍) of seven tiger sharks. After catching the sharks, the scientists worked quickly to attach the equipment, then let them go again. The cameras were designed to fall off after a few hours and float to the surface. Tracking signals helped the scientists find the cameras and collect the videos. The scientists were left with hours of videos taken as the sharks traveled for miles over the sea floor. With the help of sharks, the scientists have discovered the largest sea grass meadow. 26．Who helped scientists discover the world’s largest known field of sea grass? A．Tigers. B．Explorers. C．Photographers. D．Sharks. 27．Which of the following is the reason for protecting sea grass meadows? A．Meadows grow it shallow waters. B．A lot of carbon is stored in meadows. C．All sea creatures need meadows for food. D．Meadows clean thick fields under the water. 28．Which of the following words can replace the word “spot” in paragraph 4? A．Notice. B．Protect. C．Grow. D．Catch. 29．What’s the main idea of paragraph 5? A．How the tiger sharks find the cameras. B．How the researchers attach the equipment. C．How the tiger sharks help with the research. D．How the researchers travel over the sea floor. 30．What is the best title of this passage? A．Sharks Play a Role in Protecting Sea Grass B．Sharks Help Discover Sea Grass Meadows C．Scientists Find a Way to Explore the Ocean D．Scientists Use Sea Grass to Protect the Ocean 【答案】26．D 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．B 【导语】本文介绍科学家发现了世界上已知的最大的海草地。他们利用一些不寻常的帮手——虎鲨拍摄的视频做到了这一点。这项工作有助于保护海草，也显示了一个强大的方式来探索海洋。 26．细节理解题。根据“Scientists have discovered the world’s largest known field of sea grass. They did it using videos shot by some unusual helpers: tiger sharks.”可知，虎鲨帮助科学家发现了世界上最大的海草地，故选D。 27．细节理解题。根据“Sea grass meadows store huge amounts of carbon-the harmful pollution that’s making global warming worse. Damaging them can release this pollution again, so it’s important to protect them.”可知，海草草场储存了大量的碳，这种有害的污染使全球变暖更加严重，故选B。 28．细节理解题。根据“The meadows can be hard to spot, because the water is either too deep or not clear enough”可知，水要么太深，要么不够清澈，所以很难被发现，spot与notice同义，故选A。 29．主旨大意题。根据“After catching the sharks, the scientists worked quickly to attach the equipment, then let them go again.…The scientists were left with hours of videos taken as the sharks traveled for miles over the sea floor”可知，主要讲述了虎鲨是如何帮助研究的，故选C。 30．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍科学家利用虎鲨帮助世界上已知最大的海草，所以“Sharks Help Discover Sea Grass Meadows鲨鱼帮助发现海草草地”可作为本文标题，故选B。 一、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 they    instead    cough    get    spend    successful kind    because    home    so    with    communicate Nowadays, many students complain (抱怨) about the pressure they had in their study and life. They have to 1 much time studying at school. They always feel tired after school 2 they have lots of homework to do. However, parents think that’s not enough. They send their children to different 3 of after-school classes. They think their children can learn more and be more 4 in the future. They don’t let their children do anything at 5 . They think it’s parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment for their children. So these days children depend on 6 parents too much. But students don’t think the same. They think they need time to relax and think for themselves. It’s not enough to just 7 good grades at school. They like to hang out with friends. They love to watch TV at home 8 of going to after-school classes. Parents, of course, never let them spend time doing these things, so many students have problems 9 with their parents. They now can’t get on well 10 their parents easily. They even argue with their parents. In my opinion, being a healthy child is more important than being a successful one. 【答案】 1．spend 2．because 3．kinds 4．successful 5．home 6．their 7．get 8．instead 9．communicating 10．with 【导语】本文主要讲述了现在许多学生抱怨学习和生活中的压力，父母为了让孩子未来更成功，送他们去各种课后班，导致孩子过度依赖父母，与父母沟通出现问题，而学生则希望有时间放松和独立思考，作者认为做一个健康的孩子比做一个成功的孩子更重要。 1．句意：他们不得不在学校花很多时间学习。根据“much time studying at school”及所给单词可知，此处是指花费时间学习，spend time (in) doing sth“花费时间做某事”，have to do sth“不得不做某事”，此处用动词原形。故填spend。 2．句意：放学后他们总是感到很累，因为他们有很多作业要做。根据“They always feel tired after school...they have lots of homework to do.”可知，前后是因果关系，后句是前句的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 3．句意：他们把孩子送到不同种类的课后班。根据“They send their children to different...of after-school classes.”及所给单词可知，此处是指不同种类的课后班，kind“种类”，different后接可数名词复数。故填kinds。 4．句意：他们认为他们的孩子可以学到更多，将来会更成功。根据“They think their children can learn more and be more...in the future.”及所给单词可知，此处是指孩子会更成功，successful“成功的”，形容词作表语。故填successful。 5．句意：他们不让他们的孩子在家做任何事情。根据“They don’t let their children do anything at...”及所给单词可知，此处是指在家，at home“在家”。故填home。 6．句意：所以现在孩子们太依赖他们的父母了。根据“children depend on...parents too much”及所给单词可知，此处是指他们的父母，用they的形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。 7．句意：仅仅在学校取得好成绩是不够的。根据“good grades at school”及所给单词可知，此处是指取得好成绩，get good grades“取得好成绩”，It’s+形容词+to do sth“做某事是……的”，此处用动词原形。故填get。 8．句意：他们喜欢在家看电视，而不是去上课后班。根据“They love to watch TV at home...of going to after-school classes.”及所给单词可知，此处是指而不是去上课后班，instead of“而不是”。故填instead。 9．句意：所以很多学生在和父母沟通方面有问题。根据“so many students have problems...with their parents”及所给单词可知，此处是指和父母沟通，communicate with“和……沟通”，have problems (in) doing sth“做某事有问题”，此处用动名词。故填communicating。 10．句意：他们现在不能很容易地和父母相处融洽。根据“They now can’t get on well...their parents easily.”及所给单词可知，此处是指和父母相处融洽，get on well with“和……相处融洽”。故填with。 二、任务型阅读 请阅读下面短文、根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。 News from Taiwan Province says a big panda in Taipei Zoo is feeling better than we thought. Tuan Tuan is an 18-year-old boy panda from the mainland (大陆). It went to Taiwan province as a gift in 2008, with another panda, Yuan Yuan. Lately, Tuan Tuan has something wrong with his feet, and this made people in both the mainland and Taiwan Province really worried. On Tuesday, two panda doctors from Sichuan Province, Wu Honglin and Wei Ming, went to Taiwan Province to check on Tuan Tuan. The zoo asked for help on October 27th, and soon Sichuan Province decided to send these two doctors to give them a hand. Now, the two doctors has checked on Tuan Tuan, but they don’t have a new cure plan yet. The two doctors will talk with other panda doctors in the coming days. They hope to understand Tuan Tuan better by watching him closely. Making a good plan for Tuan Tuan will take three to four days. Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan have been superstars at the zoo since 2008. Kids in Taiwan love them a lot. And they have had two babies one in 2013 and another in 2020. 11．When was Tuan Tuan sent to Taiwan Province as a gift? 12．What’s wrong with Tuan Tuan lately? 13．Where are Wu Honglin and Wei Ming from? 14．How do the pandas doctors hope to understand Tuan Tuan better? 15．How many babies do Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan have? 【答案】11．Tuan Tuan was sent to Taiwan in 2008. 12．He has some diseases on his feet. 13．They are from Sichuan. 14．By watching him closely. 15．Two. 【导语】本文主要介绍了台湾台北动物园一只大熊猫最近脚上有一些疾病，两名大陆兽医前往台湾进行救治。 11．根据“Tuan Tuan is an 18-year-old boy panda from the mainland (大陆). It went to Taiwan province as a gift in 2008, with another panda, Yuan Yuan.”可知，这只名叫“团团”的18岁雄性大熊猫是2008年大陆赠送给台湾的。故填Tuan Tuan was sent to Taiwan in 2008. 12．根据“Lately, Tuan Tuan has something wrong with his feet,”可知，最近，他的脚上有一些疾病。故填He has some diseases on his feet. 13．根据“On Tuesday, two panda doctors from Sichuan Province, Wu Honglin and Wei Ming, went to Taiwan Province to check on Tuan Tuan.”可知，吴红林和魏明是四川人。故填They are from Sichuan. 14．根据“They hope to understand Tuan Tuan better by watching him closely.”可知，他们希望通过密切观察团团，更好地了解团团。故填By watching him closely. 15．根据“And they have had two babies one in 2013 and another in 2020.”可知，他们有两个孩子，一个在2013年，另一个在2020年。故填Two. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业03 简单句的基本句型 1. 概念：由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子叫作简单句。 2. 分类 句子分类（按结构）：简单句、并列复合句、主从复合句 3. 简单句的五种基本句型 (1) 主语+系动词+表语（S+V+P） 如：You look happy. 你看起来很高兴。 (2) 主语+不及物动词（S+V） 如：We talked a lot. 我们谈了很多。 (3) 主语+及物动词+宾语（S+V+O） 如：I really enjoy my English class. 我真的很喜欢英语课。 (4) 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+V+IO+DO） 如：He sent me some flowers. 他给我送了些花。 (5) 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（S+V+O+OC） 如：I find English interesting. 我发现英语很有趣。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．Some birds are flying happily.本句的基本句型是 ________. A．S+V+P B．S+V+O C．S+V 2．What is the sentence structure of “Eddie is watching Hobo work.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+DO+OC 3．Which of the following is the sentence pattern”S+V+P”? A．The old man walks in the park. B．I usually have breakfast at 7:00 C．The bike is new. D．She hopes to see her uncle. 4．Which of the following does the sentence “Sad movies often make me unhappy” belong to (属于)? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+OC 5．The structure (结构) of the sentence “You receive a postcard from your brother.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P 6．Which of the following sentence has the same sentence structure as “This kind of food tastes delicious”? A．You can put the dishes in the kitchen B．I often hear someone playing the violin next door. C．Having an ice-cream in the hot summer is really cool. D．Our headmaster will invite a scientist to our school very soon. 7．Jenny expects her mother to be healthy. A．主语 B．表语 C．宾语 D．宾语补足语 8．“We have four seasons.” The main structure of the sentence is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 9．He told me to clean the room. A．宾补 B．直接宾语 C．间接宾语 10．Tom asked me a question. A．宾补 B．直接宾语 C．间接宾语 11．Farmers harvest crops. The structure of the sentence is_________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+P 12．The sentence structure of “My mum cooked me a nice meal yesterday.” is________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 13．In the sentence “We call the little girl Sandy.” the underlined part is ________. A．IO B．DO C．OC D．P 14．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “I find English very interesting.”? A．Autumn leaves turn brown. B．People like flying kites on spring days. C．My parents gave me nice presents. D．I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park. 15．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “The little girl is cute”? A．Mum and dad gave me nice presents B．The sun was shining. C．We have four seasons. D．Ice cream tastes nice. 16．What’s the sentence structure of “The book sells well”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 17．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “I like playing the piano.”? A．He runs fast every day. B．We watched a film last night. C．He helped me clean the classroom. D．Who posted me the letter in the morning? 18．The sentence structure (结构) of “He is ringing someone to come and help us at the moment.” is ________. A．S+V+P B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+DO D．S+V+IO+DO 19．Which of the following sentences has the structure of “S+V+P”? A．The little girl looks at the toy train happily. B．Wolves can smell things far away well. C．You looked unhappy yesterday. D．I made him happy. 20．—Can you tell me the main structure of the sentence “The wind is blowing hard.”? —Let me see. It’s “________”. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+DO+OC 一、语法选择 Last winter, my hometown in Hunan was hit by the worst snowstorm in 30 years. I still remember that pretty cold morning 1 I woke up to find everything covered with thick ice. Trees fell down everywhere because of the ice rain, and power lines (电线) broke into 2 . We couldn’t go anywhere but stayed at home. 3 light, we sat around candles at night. The temperature 4 to -10°C, and our food almost ran out. My father decided 5 to the store but fell down on the icy road, hurting his knee. I felt scared and helpless until I heard someone knocking at 6 door—it was volunteers from the community! They brought us rice, water, candles and even a flashlight. One kind lady gave me her gloves (手套) because 7 were too old and thin. The most touching moment came when the soldiers (士兵) arrived with heavy machines to clear the roads. 8 it seemed cold to death outside, they worked till midnight. I joined other teenagers to sweep the snow near our house, learning that even small tries matter. This heavy snowstorm taught me two 9 lessons. First, nature can be powerful (强大的), but human kindness is 10 . Second, we must protect the environment. Now I always do my part in saving the earth, like turning off lights in time and planting trees in spring. 1．A．when B．while C．still 2．A．piece B．pieces C．pieces ’ 3．A．For B．With C．Without 4．A．drops B．dropped C．was dropping 5．A．walk B．walking C．to walk 6．A．a B．an C．the 7．A．mine B．my C．me 8．A．Because B．Although C．But 9．A．important B．importance C．importantly 10．A．strong B．stronger C．the strongest 二、完形填空 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 What kind of programmes do you like to watch? Talk shows, game shows or soap operas? As for me, I don’t 11 any of them. I only like cartoons. It’s just because of Walt Disney. Many people hope to be successful like him. Yet, many of them can’t make their dreams come true. But Walt Disney could make it all the time. He made everything he did successful. What can we 12 his stories? What do you think of 13 ? In people’s mind, they are usually not popular, but Mickey Mouse 14 many people’s hearts. Movies about Mickey Mouse have been popular almost everywhere in the world for more than eighty years. What made Disney create this 15 cartoon character (角色)? When he was young, Walt Disney hoped to do well in drawing cartoons. And he also tried to find better 16 of making cartoon movies. At that time, some movies started to use 17 . So after a discussion (讨论) with his workmates, Disney planned to put sound in his cartoons, too. People were 18 and some of them cheered when they saw Mickey Mouse talk on the movie screen. Mickey became popular with both the young and the old. Later, Walt Disney 19 to build a new kind of amusement park (游乐场). He hoped to bring a clean, good and beautiful world to people of all ages. 20 , Walt Disney made his dream come true. In 1955, Disneyland opened in the USA and became one of the most successful amusement parks in the world. 11．A．study B．enjoy C．believe D．know 12．A．search for B．learn from C．write about D．put on 13．A．fish B．dogs C．mice D．cats 14．A．wins B．loses C．breaks D．shares 15．A．easy B．boring C．serious D．famous 16．A．places B．changes C．problems D．ways 17．A．sound B．colour C．computer D．language 18．A．lucky B．humorous C．excited D．rich 19．A．stopped B．started C．forgot D．remembered 20．A．Traditionally B．Probably C．Suddenly D．Finally 三、阅读理解 A Learn about the science of sleeping Our bodies sleep in 90-minute cycles (周期), experiencing five to six each night. At first, you enter a light stage of sleep when your muscles (肌肉) relax. Then, the body temperature drops, and the heart rate (心率) slows. Next comes deep sleep. It’s difficult to wake up during this stage. This is when your body repairs itself and builds up energy for the day ahead. Finally, you get into the REM (快速眼动) sleep stage. It is when most dreaming happens. After REM sleep, the cycle repeats. Waking up in the morning in the “wrong” stage can make you feel especially tired. An app called Sleep Calculator can help you avoid this. It can work out the perfect bedtime for you based on your wake-up time. Developed by the UK company Hillarys, this smart calculator considers the sleep cycles our bodies go through each night. Whether you’re an early bird or a night owl, simply input your wake-up time, and the calculator will work out the perfect bedtime to make sure that you rise and shine with a spring in your step. It’s also worth noting that you shouldn’t just start your sleep cycle whenever you want. Many young people go to bed late and get up late, such as sleeping from 2 a.m. to 10 a.m. They think as long as they have 8 hours’ sleep, everything will be fine. But in fact, our bodies can tell the time, by using light and temperature. If we wake up too late, we may feel even more tired after oversleeping. 21．How many stages does each sleep cycle have? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 22．What happens to us during the stage of deep sleep? A．We get into dreams and stay still. B．Our temperature goes down quickly. C．Our heart rate rises and muscles relax. D．We build up energy and repair our body. 23．What will happen if you wake up in a “wrong” stage? A．Your eyes will move rapidly. B．You may feel very tired. C．You may have bad dreams. D．You may lose energy quickly. 24．What can Sleep Calculator do for users? A．Suggest the perfect bedtime. B．Prevent you from dreaming a lot. C．Wake you up when you oversleep. D．Make you fall asleep faster. 25．Where can we probably read the passage? A．In a history textbook. B．In a tour guide. C．In a science magazine. D．In a story book. B Scientists have discovered the world’s largest known field of sea grass. They did it using videos shot by some unusual helpers: tiger sharks. The work should help protect the sea grass, and also shows off a powerful way to explore the ocean. Sea grasses are flowering plants that normally grow in shallow waters near coasts. They grow in thick fields, known as meadows (草甸). Sea grass meadows not only help clean the ocean's water and provide food and shelter for many sea creatures but also help fight against the climate crisis. Sea grass meadows store huge amounts of carbon-the harmful pollution that’s making global warming worse. Damaging them can release this pollution again, so it’s important to protect them. However, scientists don’t know the exact size and number of the world’s sea grass meadows. The meadows can be hard to spot, because the water is either too deep or not clear enough. And the ocean is so huge that it’s simply not possible to study it all by diving. So a team of scientists decided to have sharks help with the research. Tiger sharks are fast swimmers that live underwater. They also spend a lot of time in sea grass meadows. Between 2016 and 2020, a team of researchers attached (系上) cameras and other trackers to the fins (鱼鳍) of seven tiger sharks. After catching the sharks, the scientists worked quickly to attach the equipment, then let them go again. The cameras were designed to fall off after a few hours and float to the surface. Tracking signals helped the scientists find the cameras and collect the videos. The scientists were left with hours of videos taken as the sharks traveled for miles over the sea floor. With the help of sharks, the scientists have discovered the largest sea grass meadow. 26．Who helped scientists discover the world’s largest known field of sea grass? A．Tigers. B．Explorers. C．Photographers. D．Sharks. 27．Which of the following is the reason for protecting sea grass meadows? A．Meadows grow it shallow waters. B．A lot of carbon is stored in meadows. C．All sea creatures need meadows for food. D．Meadows clean thick fields under the water. 28．Which of the following words can replace the word “spot” in paragraph 4? A．Notice. B．Protect. C．Grow. D．Catch. 29．What’s the main idea of paragraph 5? A．How the tiger sharks find the cameras. B．How the researchers attach the equipment. C．How the tiger sharks help with the research. D．How the researchers travel over the sea floor. 30．What is the best title of this passage? A．Sharks Play a Role in Protecting Sea Grass B．Sharks Help Discover Sea Grass Meadows C．Scientists Find a Way to Explore the Ocean D．Scientists Use Sea Grass to Protect the Ocean 一、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 they    instead    cough    get    spend    successful kind    because    home    so    with    communicate Nowadays, many students complain (抱怨) about the pressure they had in their study and life. They have to 1 much time studying at school. They always feel tired after school 2 they have lots of homework to do. However, parents think that’s not enough. They send their children to different 3 of after-school classes. They think their children can learn more and be more 4 in the future. They don’t let their children do anything at 5 . They think it’s parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment for their children. So these days children depend on 6 parents too much. But students don’t think the same. They think they need time to relax and think for themselves. It’s not enough to just 7 good grades at school. They like to hang out with friends. They love to watch TV at home 8 of going to after-school classes. Parents, of course, never let them spend time doing these things, so many students have problems 9 with their parents. They now can’t get on well 10 their parents easily. They even argue with their parents. In my opinion, being a healthy child is more important than being a successful one. 二、任务型阅读 请阅读下面短文、根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。 News from Taiwan Province says a big panda in Taipei Zoo is feeling better than we thought. Tuan Tuan is an 18-year-old boy panda from the mainland (大陆). It went to Taiwan province as a gift in 2008, with another panda, Yuan Yuan. Lately, Tuan Tuan has something wrong with his feet, and this made people in both the mainland and Taiwan Province really worried. On Tuesday, two panda doctors from Sichuan Province, Wu Honglin and Wei Ming, went to Taiwan Province to check on Tuan Tuan. The zoo asked for help on October 27th, and soon Sichuan Province decided to send these two doctors to give them a hand. Now, the two doctors has checked on Tuan Tuan, but they don’t have a new cure plan yet. The two doctors will talk with other panda doctors in the coming days. They hope to understand Tuan Tuan better by watching him closely. Making a good plan for Tuan Tuan will take three to four days. Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan have been superstars at the zoo since 2008. Kids in Taiwan love them a lot. And they have had two babies one in 2013 and another in 2020. 11．When was Tuan Tuan sent to Taiwan Province as a gift? 12．What’s wrong with Tuan Tuan lately? 13．Where are Wu Honglin and Wei Ming from? 14．How do the pandas doctors hope to understand Tuan Tuan better? 15．How many babies do Tuan Tuan and Yuan Yuan have? 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$