精品解析：福建省福州市闽侯县第一中学2024-2025学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题

2024-2025学年闽侯一中第二学期第二次月考 高中一年英语科试卷 考试日期：5月27日 完卷时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话、每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman want to do tomorrow? A. Go shopping. B. Visit her aunt. C. Attend a birthday party. 2. What did the woman do this morning? A. She went on a trip. B. She did the packing. C. She checked the windows. 3. What is mentioned in the email about the fitness center? A. It will be in use next month. B. It will lengthen business hours. C. It will be open to the employees. 4. How does the man feel about the news? A. Happy. B. Confused. C. Surprised. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Delivery man and customer. B. Baker and customer. C. Co-workers. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man like doing in the park? A. Hiking. B. Bird-watching. C. Picnicking. 7. What does the man ask the woman to do in the end? A. Book a tour guide. B. Show him around. C. Have something to eat together. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What sport does the man learn to do? A. Tennis. B. Football. C. Basketball. 9. What did the man do first in the lesson? A. He played a game. B. He jumped. C. He ran. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How many parts are there in the smartwatch? A. Five. B. Six. C. Eleven. 11. Where is the power button of the smartwatch? A. At the back. B. On the right side. C. At the bottom left. 12. Which function does the man care about most? A. The microphone. B. Heart rate monitor. C. The touch screen. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. How Martina chose her course. B. What Martina’s teacher looks like. C. Whether Martina enjoys her campus life. 14. What do we know about the art teacher? A. He is from France. B. He has a bad accent. C. He advises Martina on choices. 15. What subject does Martina like best? A. Art. B. Science. C. History. 16. Why did Martina decide to major in English? A. It was more practical for her future. B. It is easier to learn than other subjects. C. She liked the English teacher. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Which building has a gym? A. Blake Residence. B. Brown Hall. C. Queen’s Building. 18. Why is Blake Residence peaceful? A. Only girls live there. B. No visitors can come in. C. Everyone has a private room. 19. What is the advantage of Queen’s Building? A. It has shower rooms. B. It has a computer room. C. It has its own private garden. 20. Why is the Parkway Flats expensive? A. Parking there is charged. B. There are the largest rooms. C The fees include the cost of meals. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Musicals on the way The Preposterous Predicament of Polly Peel By Julie & Kevin It explores a family dealing with the loss of a loved one through the eyes and imagination of a little girl who loves biology (生物学). The musical was inspired by the painting The Young Biologist by Paul Peel, a well-known painter. “The characters’ joy and humor are as important in this show as their sadness; it won’t make viewers sad throughout the musical. The musical will bring laughter and tears to the audience,” said Kevin. Many talented performers wait for your coming. One Small Step By Barbara & Anika It brings an out-of-this-world journey into the life of Chris Hadfield, the first Canadian to walk in space and commander (指挥官) of the International Space Station. The musical is played by many talented students and professional artists. “We’ve known directly how funny the high school theater can be,” Anika said. The Princess of the Tower By Alisse & Scott To stop a bad prophecy (预言) from coming true, the King allows Princess Solima to hide herself away in a far-off tower. Then she meets with huge birds and other things. The players tell the story while performing music. “Our goal has been to create the kind of show that will touch the young audience the way we were touched as kids,” Scott said. Once on This Island By Lynn & Stephen It’s about the story of Ti Moune, a brave countryside girl in search of her place in the world and ready to risk all for love. Guided by the island gods, Ti Moune sets out on a journey to prove that love is stronger than death. The musical’s leading performers include Tamyra, Cassondra, Phillip, Courtnee, and so on. 1. What does Kevin tell us about The Preposterous Predicament of Polly Peel? A. It will be both moving and funny. B It is thought highly of by viewers. C. It is in memory of a young biologist. D. It centers on the life of a famous painter. 2. What is One Small Step mainly about? A. The work of an artist. B. The great fun of a theater. C. The story of an astronaut. D. The adventure of teenagers. 3. What is the primary purpose of Scott’s statement about being “touched as kids” in The Princess of the Tower? A. To criticize modern theater for lacking depth B. To explain the technical difficulties of staging the show C. To compare the musical with other fairy-tale adaptations D. To highlight the musical’s emotional appeal to young audiences 4 What do we know about Ti Moune? A. She has great musical talent. B. She believes in love’s power. C. She is afraid of challenges. D. She often causes trouble. 5. In which section of a magazine may we read this text? A. Travel. B. Fashion. C. Culture D. Science. B Have you ever wanted to share the taste of a delicious dish with a friend far away, only to find that words and pictures fall short of delivering the full experience? A new device called “e-Taste” can help. Developed by scientists at Ohio State University in the US, this device aims to improve digital experiences by adding “flavors” to them, reported Science Daily. Creating digital tastes is challenging. Taste is about “feeling” actual molecules (分子) that come out when teeth and saliva (唾液) break down food or drink, according to the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). The molecules “wake up” certain cells on the tongue and along the roof and back of the mouth. With different sensitivity, these cells respond to at least one of the five basic tastes-sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami (鲜味) by sending signals to the thalamus (丘脑). It then transmits the signals to other brain regions where specific tastes are identified. Since the full flavor is experienced only when these signals are put together, recreating taste requires collecting all this information. The “e-Taste” device does this using a special sensor. Like an “electronic tongue”, the sensor measures the levels of five chemicals in food or drink that contribute to the five basic tastes. Once gathered, the data is sent wirelessly to another part of the device. This part pushes up liquids through a gel layer that contains the five chemicals. By drinking the liquids, people can taste the food or drink no matter where they are. Real-world tests of “e-Taste” went well. It worked even when the device’s two parts were placed in different cities thousands of kilometers apart. Volunteers identified foods like fish soup with almost 87 percent success, according to a statement by The Ohio State University. Looking ahead, scientists plan to “conquer (征服)” more taste sensations, like spiciness. They also want to study the device’s effect on different people, given that taste is “greatly related to human emotion and memory”, said scientist Li Jinghua in the university’s statement. 6. What is the main purpose of the “e-Taste” device? A. To create new flavors in food and drinks. B. To break food down into molecules. C. To turn one taste into another. D. To enhance digital taste experiences. 7. What is the main focus of paragraph 2? A. The challenges of developing digital tastes. B. How the human body experiences tastes. C. The role of different parts of the mouth in tasting. D. How the five basic tastes interact with each other. 8. What’s the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 2? A. sends B. transforms C. conducts D. exchanges 9. How does the “e-Taste” device work? A. It directly analyzes taste molecules. B. It sends electrical signals to the brain. C. It collects data on the five basic tastes. D. It stores specific tastes using a gel layer. 10. What is one of the future goals for“e-Taste” development? A. Expanding taste sensations. B. Improving device connectivity. C. Studying taste-based emotions. D. Increasing data accuracy. C Loss aversion, the idea that losses are more psychologically influential than gains, is widely considered the most important idea of behavioral decision-making and its sister field of behavioral economics. To illustrate the significance attached to loss aversion, Kahneman, winner of Nobel Prize in economics, wrote in his book, Thinking Fast and Slow, that “the concept of loss aversion is certainly the greatest contribution of psychology to behavioral economics.” Why has such great importance been attached to loss aversion? Largely because it is thought to reflect a fundamental truth about human beings — that we are more motivated by our fears than by our desire. This conclusion has an effect on almost every aspect of how we live our lives. However, as documented in a recent critical review of loss aversion by Rucker of Northwestern University, there is no general cognitive prejudice (认知偏见) that leads people to avoid losses more strongly than to pursue gains. Opposite to claims based on loss aversion, price increases do not affect consumer behavior more than price decreases. If losing $10,000 means giving up the roof over your head while gaining $10,000 means going on an extra vacation, it is perfectly reasonable to be more concerned with the loss than the gain. Why has belief in loss aversion been held so strong for so long? An idealized view of science is that theories are accepted or rejected based solely on evidence from experiments. In fact, science is not simply an impersonal search for truth, but also a social process, in which supporters of a theory must convince other scientists, through logic and argumentation, of how evidence should be interpreted. In sum, our critical review of loss aversion highlights that, even in modern times, wrong ideas can continue to exist for a long time despite opposite evidence, and therefore, that there is a need to critically assess accepted beliefs. While loss aversion has frequently been used to explain why people are prejudiced toward the present situation, perhaps fittingly, the case of loss aversion illustrates the importance of challenging the present state of science. 11. Why did Daniel Kahneman write Thinking Fast and Slow? A. To show loss aversion is viewed important. B. To test the contribution of loss aversion. C. To record the process of our thinking. D. To figure out how loss aversion comes about. 12. Which situation worried people most according to Kahneman? A. Decreasing price. B. Rising price. C. An extra holiday. D. Pursuing gains. 13. According to Rucker’s critical review, which statement is TRUE? A. Humans always fear losses more than they desire gains. B. Price increases influence consumers more than price decreases. C. Scientific theories are accepted only through experimental evidence. D. Loss aversion shows reasonable choices based on personal needs. 14. What does the author think of science? A. It is simply based on experiments. B. It bears little relation to evidence. C. Its research process is objective and social. D. It interprets logic and argumentation. 15. What can be a suitable title for this passage? A. What Is Loss Aversion? B. Is Loss Aversion Really True? C. Why Do People Fear Losses? D. Kahneman’s Famous Theory 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a high school student, you’re likely used to learning through reading textbooks. ____16____ This lies at the heart of “experiential appreciation,” a philosophy that encourages you to interact directly with the world around you. It’s about learning from real-life experiences, and discovering a more profound and engaging way to learn. To practice experiential appreciation, you can start by getting involved in hands-on activities related to your subjects. They will provide a firsthand understanding of the concepts you’re studying, making learning active and meaningful. So, try joining a sports team, picking up a paintbrush, or taking part in a local charity event. ____17____ As you dive deeper, immerse (沉浸) yourself fully in the surroundings and activities. When you’re in nature, don’t just look around. ____18____ Touching the leaves, feeling the wind and listening to the birds can enrich your learning and make each moment more memorable ____19____ After trying something new, ask yourself what you learned and how it made you feel. Write in a journal or discuss it with friends. This self-discovery turns experiences into life lessons and offers a deeper understanding of the world. Experiential appreciation changes learning from a task to be completed into a journey to be treasured. ____20____ So, explore the world around you, let every experience shape you, and discover the endless possibilities that await. This is the core of true learning, where every moment is a step towards a richer, more enlightened life. A. It extends learning beyond textbooks. B. These activities bring learning to life. C. Mind the impact of your actions on the environment. D. Instead, activate your senses for a stronger tie with it E. Take your experiences further by reflecting on them. F. Textbooks offer a systematic introduction to essential concepts and principles. G Now consider expanding your learning from just reading to actively participating. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Ever since he was 6 years old, Josiah Colton has wanted to save the Earth. Now 10, the fifth-grader has already started a ____21____. Through it, he collects recyclables (可被回收的物品) from businesses and donates part of the proceeds (收益) to “charity: water”, an organization that provides ____22____ to people around the world. Josiah is now a charity: water “Tiny ____23____,” who runs his company, J Go Green, from his home. He said his mission (使命) to reduce, reuse, and recycle while also providing clean drinking water started ____24____. “Since I was six years old I have really been into ____25____,” he wrote on his website. “When I ____26____ how much we hurt animals by the way we live, I made it my mission to find better ways to keep the Earth ____27____.” Every Saturday, Josiah goes to local businesses and private homes to ____28____ cans and bottles. He then takes these recyclables to a nearby recycling center, where he gets ____29____ to donate to charity: water. _____30_____ doing the legwork, Josiah also offers practical tips for reducing waste and going _____31_____ around the house on the Internet. His _____32_____ includes ideas like replacing lightbulbs (灯泡) with energy-saving LED bulbs, _____33_____ your own garden, buying cleaning products in bulk (大量) to reduce wasteful packaging, and more. Josiah said he feels really _____34_____ about all that he’s achieved so far, and he _____35_____ making an even bigger difference in the future. He said, “Everyone can help, no matter who you are or how old you are.” 21. A. club B. course C. competition D. company 22. A. water B. food C. training D. housing 23. A. Baby B. Winner C. Hero D. Leader 24. A. secretly B. simply C. rapidly D. recently 25. A. science B. sports C. business D. animals 26. A. found out B. depended on C. worked out D. talked about 27. A. clean B. safe C. alive D. warm 28. A. sell B. wash C. fill D. collect 29. A. bottles B. money C. jobs D. energy 30. A. Because of B. Instead of C. Along with D. Except for 31. A. fast B. green C. crazy D. wrong 32. A. aim B. answer C. action D. advice 33. A. visiting B. planting C. designing D. improving 34. A. good B. funny C. shy D. confident 35. A. looks up to B. looks down on C. looks forward to D. looks back on 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Lin Qiaozhi was five, her mother died, ____36____ affected her deeply. At age 18, she chose to work and study. In 1929, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize ____37____(give) to graduates. She ____38____(immediate) became the first woman to work as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. After several years, she ____39____(send) to study in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US. She left a good impression ____40____ her American colleagues who invited her to stay. However, Lin rejected the offer and returned to China. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last winter, while cleaning ____41____ (fall) leaves near the school gate, I spotted a small diary half-buried in the mud. Its pink cover was faded, but the pages inside were filled with neat handwriting. ____42____ (curious) urged me to look through it, and I realized the diary belonged to a girl named Emily, detailing her struggles with bullying (霸凌) and her parents’ divorce. That evening, I stayed late to take a note on the notice board: “Lost: A diary holding fragile memories. Contact Room 203 to reclaim it ____43____ (private).” For three days, I guarded the diary like a secret. Finally, a shy girl of Grade two in our college knocked on my door. Her eyes reddened as she whispered, “I thought I ____44____ (lose) this forever.” She hugged me tightly, her tears ____45____ (wet) my shoulder. I never read beyond the first page, but that diary taught me something profound: True integrity (正直) means protecting someone’s pain even when curiosity screams louder. 第四部分 课内知识（共三节，满分25分） 第一节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 根据语境，选择框中单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。 提醒：请将所选答案对应的字母序号，填涂到答题卡相应位置。 A. diversity B. despairing C. respond D. tendency E. claimed F. scared G. attempts 46. The reporter asked the president’s response to the social issue but the president didn’t react to it. 47 There is a widespread trend that more and more young people choose online learning. 48. Almost every child is terrified of something, from monsters to insects. 49. The desperate look on his face revealed his inner confusion. 50. After three failed efforts, she finally solved the equation (方程式). 51. So far nobody has declared the wallet discovered in the classroom 52. We should get a thorough understanding about the cultural variety of the United States. 第二节（共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分） 根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个为多余的单词或者短语。 in memory of pass away a great deal of break down in disguise be admitted to a series of bring about make an appointment succeed in 53. I received a message from my parents that my beloved grandpa had _____________________. 54. There seems to be something wrong with her son, so she _____________________ for him to see a doctor. 55. A parade will be held in our city _____________________ the great day. 56. It is out of the question to finish _____________________ tasks in such a short time. 57. If you continue to work like this day and night, I’m afraid you will _____________________ sooner or later. 58. The thief was caught stealing _____________________ by a policeman. 59. After several attempts, I _____________________ fixing the broken chair with basic tools. 60. Her _____________________ a key university made her parents happy. 第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 翻译：81-83题按括号中的要求进行汉译英，84-85题英译汉。 61. 林巧稚医生这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 62. 一个女人被石头绊倒，水罐也摔到地上，她从地上爬起来，噙着泪一瘸一拐的走了。（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 63. 这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅，城市美景尽收眼底。(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 64. The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures. When these immigrants left their countries, they carried a bit of home in their hearts, and build a new home here. （英译汉） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 65. The highest form of ignorance is when you reject something you don’t know anything about（英译汉） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第五部分 写作（满分25分） 66. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris计划暑假来中国体验多元文化。请你写一封邮件推荐北京作为旅行目的地，内容包括： 1、北京的文化多样性：多民族艺术、多元宗教并存；历史与现代的交融； 2、推荐特色景点和活动； 3、表达期待。 注意：词数100-120。 参考词汇：The Forbidden City, 218 registered museums, the 798 Art Zone, Beijing Hutongs, Peking Opera, Peking Duck… Dear Chris, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年闽侯一中第二学期第二次月考 高中一年英语科试卷 考试日期：5月27日 完卷时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话、每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman want to do tomorrow? A. Go shopping. B. Visit her aunt. C. Attend a birthday party. 2. What did the woman do this morning? A. She went on a trip. B. She did the packing. C. She checked the windows. 3. What is mentioned in the email about the fitness center? A. It will be in use next month. B. It will lengthen business hours. C. It will be open to the employees. 4. How does the man feel about the news? A. Happy. B. Confused. C. Surprised. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Delivery man and customer. B. Baker and customer. C. Co-workers. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man like doing in the park? A. Hiking. B. Bird-watching. C. Picnicking. 7. What does the man ask the woman to do in the end? A. Book a tour guide. B. Show him around. C. Have something to eat together. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What sport does the man learn to do? A. Tennis. B. Football. C. Basketball. 9. What did the man do first in the lesson? A. He played a game. B. He jumped. C. He ran. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How many parts are there in the smartwatch? A. Five. B. Six. C. Eleven. 11. Where is the power button of the smartwatch? A. At the back. B. On the right side. C. At the bottom left. 12. Which function does the man care about most? A. The microphone. B. Heart rate monitor. C. The touch screen. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. How Martina chose her course. B. What Martina’s teacher looks like. C. Whether Martina enjoys her campus life. 14. What do we know about the art teacher? A. He is from France. B. He has a bad accent. C. He advises Martina on choices. 15. What subject does Martina like best? A. Art. B. Science. C. History. 16. Why did Martina decide to major in English? A. It was more practical for her future. B. It is easier to learn than other subjects. C. She liked the English teacher. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Which building has a gym? A. Blake Residence. B. Brown Hall. C. Queen’s Building. 18. Why is Blake Residence peaceful? A. Only girls live there. B. No visitors can come in. C. Everyone has a private room. 19. What is the advantage of Queen’s Building? A. It has shower rooms. B. It has a computer room. C. It has its own private garden. 20. Why is the Parkway Flats expensive? A. Parking there is charged. B. There are the largest rooms. C. The fees include the cost of meals. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Musicals on the way The Preposterous Predicament of Polly Peel By Julie & Kevin It explores a family dealing with the loss of a loved one through the eyes and imagination of a little girl who loves biology (生物学). The musical was inspired by the painting The Young Biologist by Paul Peel, a well-known painter. “The characters’ joy and humor are as important in this show as their sadness; it won’t make viewers sad throughout the musical. The musical will bring laughter and tears to the audience,” said Kevin. Many talented performers wait for your coming. One Small Step By Barbara & Anika It brings an out-of-this-world journey into the life of Chris Hadfield the first Canadian to walk in space and commander (指挥官) of the International Space Station. The musical is played by many talented students and professional artists. “We’ve known directly how funny the high school theater can be,” Anika said. The Princess of the Tower By Alisse & Scott To stop a bad prophecy (预言) from coming true, the King allows Princess Solima to hide herself away in a far-off tower. Then she meets with huge birds and other things. The players tell the story while performing music. “Our goal has been to create the kind of show that will touch the young audience the way we were touched as kids,” Scott said. Once on This Island By Lynn & Stephen It’s about the story of Ti Moune, a brave countryside girl in search of her place in the world and ready to risk all for love. Guided by the island gods, Ti Moune sets out on a journey to prove that love is stronger than death. The musical’s leading performers include Tamyra, Cassondra, Phillip, Courtnee, and so on. 1. What does Kevin tell us about The Preposterous Predicament of Polly Peel? A. It will be both moving and funny. B. It is thought highly of by viewers. C. It is in memory of a young biologist. D. It centers on the life of a famous painter. 2. What is One Small Step mainly about? A. The work of an artist. B. The great fun of a theater. C. The story of an astronaut. D. The adventure of teenagers. 3. What is the primary purpose of Scott’s statement about being “touched as kids” in The Princess of the Tower? A. To criticize modern theater for lacking depth B. To explain the technical difficulties of staging the show C. To compare the musical with other fairy-tale adaptations D. To highlight the musical’s emotional appeal to young audiences 4. What do we know about Ti Moune? A. She has great musical talent. B. She believes in love’s power. C. She is afraid of challenges. D. She often causes trouble. 5. In which section of a magazine may we read this text? A. Travel. B. Fashion. C. Culture D. Science. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四部音乐剧的相关信息，包括音乐剧的主题、灵感来源、主要情节以及部分创作者对音乐剧的评价等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“‘The characters’ joy and humor are as important in this show as their sadness; it won’t make viewers sad throughout the musical. The musical will bring laughter and tears to the audience,’ said Kevin.(凯文说：‘剧中人物的快乐和幽默与他们的悲伤同样重要；整部音乐剧不会让观众一直感到悲伤，它会给观众带来欢笑和泪水。’)”可知，这部音乐剧兼具感人与幽默元素。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It brings an out-of-this-world journey into the life of Chris Hadfield, the first Canadian to walk in space and commander of the International Space Station.(它讲述了加拿大首位太空行走者、国际空间站指挥官克里斯・哈德菲尔德的非凡人生旅程。)”可知，《One Small Step》主要围绕宇航员的故事展开。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“‘Our goal has been to create the kind of show that will touch the young audience the way we were touched as kids,’ Scott said.(斯科特说：‘我们的目标是创作一部能像我们小时候被感动那样感动年轻观众的剧。’)”可知，斯科特提到“小时候被感动”是为了强调该剧对年轻观众的情感吸引力。故选D项。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Guided by the island gods, Ti Moune sets out on a journey to prove that love is stronger than death.(在岛屿众神的指引下，蒂・穆恩踏上了一段旅程，以证明爱比死亡更强大。)”可知，Ti Moune相信爱的力量。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了四部音乐剧的剧情、创作背景及演出亮点，属于文化艺术领域的内容。因此最可能出现在杂志的“Culture(文化)”板块。故选C项。 B Have you ever wanted to share the taste of a delicious dish with a friend far away, only to find that words and pictures fall short of delivering the full experience? A new device called “e-Taste” can help. Developed by scientists at Ohio State University in the US, this device aims to improve digital experiences by adding “flavors” to them, reported Science Daily. Creating digital tastes is challenging. Taste is about “feeling” actual molecules (分子) that come out when teeth and saliva (唾液) break down food or drink, according to the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). The molecules “wake up” certain cells on the tongue and along the roof and back of the mouth. With different sensitivity, these cells respond to at least one of the five basic tastes-sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami (鲜味) by sending signals to the thalamus (丘脑). It then transmits the signals to other brain regions where specific tastes are identified. Since the full flavor is experienced only when these signals are put together, recreating taste requires collecting all this information. The “e-Taste” device does this using a special sensor. Like an “electronic tongue”, the sensor measures the levels of five chemicals in food or drink that contribute to the five basic tastes. Once gathered, the data is sent wirelessly to another part of the device. This part pushes up liquids through a gel layer that contains the five chemicals. By drinking the liquids, people can taste the food or drink no matter where they are. Real-world tests of “e-Taste” went well. It worked even when the device’s two parts were placed in different cities thousands of kilometers apart. Volunteers identified foods like fish soup with almost 87 percent success, according to a statement by The Ohio State University. Looking ahead, scientists plan to “conquer (征服)” more taste sensations, like spiciness. They also want to study the device’s effect on different people, given that taste is “greatly related to human emotion and memory”, said scientist Li Jinghua in the university’s statement. 6. What is the main purpose of the “e-Taste” device? A. To create new flavors in food and drinks. B. To break food down into molecules. C. To turn one taste into another. D. To enhance digital taste experiences. 7. What is the main focus of paragraph 2? A. The challenges of developing digital tastes. B. How the human body experiences tastes. C. The role of different parts of the mouth in tasting. D. How the five basic tastes interact with each other. 8. What’s the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 2? A. sends B. transforms C. conducts D. exchanges 9. How does the “e-Taste” device work? A. It directly analyzes taste molecules. B. It sends electrical signals to the brain. C. It collects data on the five basic tastes. D. It stores specific tastes using a gel layer. 10. What is one of the future goals for“e-Taste” development? A. Expanding taste sensations. B. Improving device connectivity. C. Studying taste-based emotions. D. Increasing data accuracy. 【答案】6 D 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国俄亥俄州立大学科学家开发的“e-Taste”设备，它能增强数字味觉体验，还说明了其工作原理、测试情况及未来目标。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“A new device called “e-Taste” can help. Developed by scientists at Ohio State University in the US, this device aims to improve digital experiences by adding “flavors” to them, reported Science Daily.(据《科学日报》报道，一种名为“e-Taste”的新设备可以提供帮助。这款由美国俄亥俄州立大学的科学家开发的设备旨在通过为数字体验增添“味道”来改善它们)”可知，“e Taste”设备的主要目的是增强数字味觉体验。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Taste is about “feeling” actual molecules (分子) that come out when teeth and saliva (唾液) break down food or drink, according to the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). The molecules “wake up” certain cells on the tongue and along the roof and back of the mouth. With different sensitivity, these cells respond to at least one of the five basic tastes sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami (鲜味) by sending signals to the thalamus (丘脑). It then transmits the signals to other brain regions where specific tastes are identified.(根据美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)的说法，味觉是关于“感受”牙齿和唾液分解食物或饮料时释放出的实际分子。这些分子会“唤醒”舌头、口腔顶部和后部的某些细胞。这些细胞具有不同的敏感性，它们通过向丘脑发送信号，对甜、酸、咸、苦和鲜味这五种基本味觉中的至少一种做出反应。然后丘脑将信号传输到大脑的其他区域，在那里识别出特定的味道)”可知，第二段主要讲述了人体是如何体验味道的。故选B项。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“It then transmits the signals to other brain regions where specific tastes are identified.(然后它将信号……到大脑的其他区域，在那里识别出特定的味道)”中“the signals to other brain regions”可推知，这里是说丘脑把信号发送到大脑其他区域，所以划线词“transmits”意思是“发送”，与A项“sends”同义。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Like an “electronic tongue”, the sensor measures the levels of five chemicals in food or drink that contribute to the five basic tastes. Once gathered, the data is sent wirelessly to another part of the device.(就像一个“电子舌头”，传感器测量食物或饮料中导致五种基本味道的五种化学物质的含量。一旦收集到数据，就会通过无线方式发送到设备的另一部分)”可知，“e-Taste”设备通过收集五种基本味道的数据来工作。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Looking ahead, scientists plan to “conquer (征服)” more taste sensations, like spiciness.(展望未来，科学家们计划“征服”更多的味觉感受，比如辣味)”可知，“e-Taste”开发的未来目标之一是扩展味觉感受。故选A项。 C Loss aversion, the idea that losses are more psychologically influential than gains, is widely considered the most important idea of behavioral decision-making and its sister field of behavioral economics. To illustrate the significance attached to loss aversion, Kahneman, winner of Nobel Prize in economics, wrote in his book, Thinking Fast and Slow, that “the concept of loss aversion is certainly the greatest contribution of psychology to behavioral economics.” Why has such great importance been attached to loss aversion? Largely because it is thought to reflect a fundamental truth about human beings — that we are more motivated by our fears than by our desire. This conclusion has an effect on almost every aspect of how we live our lives. However, as documented in a recent critical review of loss aversion by Rucker of Northwestern University, there is no general cognitive prejudice (认知偏见) that leads people to avoid losses more strongly than to pursue gains. Opposite to claims based on loss aversion, price increases do not affect consumer behavior more than price decreases. If losing $10,000 means giving up the roof over your head while gaining $10,000 means going on an extra vacation, it is perfectly reasonable to be more concerned with the loss than the gain. Why has belief in loss aversion been held so strong for so long? An idealized view of science is that theories are accepted or rejected based solely on evidence from experiments. In fact science is not simply an impersonal search for truth, but also a social process, in which supporters of a theory must convince other scientists, through logic and argumentation, of how evidence should be interpreted. In sum, our critical review of loss aversion highlights that, even in modern times, wrong ideas can continue to exist for a long time despite opposite evidence, and therefore, that there is a need to critically assess accepted beliefs. While loss aversion has frequently been used to explain why people are prejudiced toward the present situation, perhaps fittingly, the case of loss aversion illustrates the importance of challenging the present state of science. 11. Why did Daniel Kahneman write Thinking Fast and Slow? A. To show loss aversion is viewed important. B. To test the contribution of loss aversion. C. To record the process of our thinking. D. To figure out how loss aversion comes about. 12. Which situation worried people most according to Kahneman? A. Decreasing price. B. Rising price. C. An extra holiday. D. Pursuing gains. 13. According to Rucker’s critical review, which statement is TRUE? A Humans always fear losses more than they desire gains. B. Price increases influence consumers more than price decreases. C. Scientific theories are accepted only through experimental evidence. D. Loss aversion shows reasonable choices based on personal needs. 14. What does the author think of science? A. It is simply based on experiments. B. It bears little relation to evidence. C. Its research process is objective and social. D. It interprets logic and argumentation. 15. What can be a suitable title for this passage? A. What Is Loss Aversion? B. Is Loss Aversion Really True? C. Why Do People Fear Losses? D. Kahneman’s Famous Theory 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕损失厌恶理论展开讨论，先阐述其重要性，接着通过研究质疑该理论，最后强调要批判性评估已被接受的观念。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“To illustrate the significance attached to loss aversion, Kahneman, winner of Nobel Prize in economics, wrote in his book, Thinking Fast and Slow, that ‘the concept of loss aversion is certainly the greatest contribution of psychology to behavioral economics.’(‘为彰显该理论的核心地位，诺贝尔经济学奖得主卡尼曼在《思考，快与慢》中特别强调：‘损失厌恶概念堪称心理学对行为经济学的最大理论贡献。’)”可知，卡尼曼写《思考，快与慢》是为了表明“损失厌恶”被认为很重要。故选A项。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Loss aversion, the idea that losses are more psychologically influential than gains, is widely considered the most important idea of behavioral decision-making and its sister field of behavioral economics.To illustrate the significance attached to loss aversion, Kahneman, winner of Nobel Prize in economics, wrote in his book, Thinking Fast and Slow, that ‘the concept of loss aversion is certainly the greatest contribution of psychology to behavioral economics.’(‘损失厌恶’理论——即损失带来的心理影响远大于同等收益的心理学现象，被公认为行为决策学及其姊妹学科行为经济学中最重要的理论。为彰显该理论的核心地位，诺贝尔经济学奖得主卡尼曼在《思考，快与慢》中特别强调：‘损失厌恶概念堪称心理学对行为经济学的最大理论贡献。’)”可知，卡尼曼认同‘损失厌恶’理论；再根据第三段中“Opposite to claims based on loss aversion, price increases do not affect consumer behavior more than price decreases.(与损失厌恶理论的主张相反，涨价对消费者行为的影响并不会超过降价)”可知，与‘损失厌恶’理论的主张相反的是涨价对消费者行为的影响并不会超过降价对消费者行为的影响，反之，‘损失厌恶’理论会认为涨价对消费者行为的影响会超过降价对消费者行为的影响。所以，认同‘损失厌恶’理论的卡尼曼会认为价格上涨对消费者行为的影响更大，最让人们担忧。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, as documented in a recent critical review of loss aversion by Rucker of Northwestern University, there is no general cognitive prejudice (认知偏见) that leads people to avoid losses more strongly than to pursue gains. Opposite to claims based on loss aversion, price increases do not affect consumer behavior more than price decreases. If losing $10,000 means giving up the roof over your head while gaining $10,000 means going on an extra vacation, it is perfectly reasonable to be more concerned with the loss than the gain.(然而，正如西北大学拉克教授近期发表的损失厌恶批判性综述所载：并不存在某种普遍性认知偏见会使人对损失的规避强于对收益的追求。与损失厌恶理论的主张相反，涨价对消费者行为的影响并不会超过降价。试想：若损失1万美元意味着流离失所，而获得1万美元仅能多度一次假，那么人们更在意损失实属理性选择)”可知，鲁克的批判性评论表明，并不存在某种普遍性认知偏见会使人对损失的规避强于对收益的追求，事实上，‘损失厌恶’理论表明了基于个人需求的合理选择。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In fact, science is not simply an impersonal search for truth, but also a social process, in which supporters of a theory must convince other scientists, through logic and argumentation, of how evidence should be interpreted.(但事实上，科学不仅是客观求真的过程，更是一场社会性博弈——理论支持者必须通过逻辑论证，说服科学共同体接受其证据诠释框架)”可知，作者认为科学的研究过程既是客观的也是社会性的。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“However, as documented in a recent critical review of loss aversion by Rucker of Northwestern University, there is no general cognitive prejudice (认知偏见) that leads people to avoid losses more strongly than to pursue gains. (然而，正如西北大学的鲁克最近对损失厌恶进行的批判性评论所记录的那样，并没有一种普遍的认知偏见导致人们避免损失的意愿比追求收益的意愿更强烈)”以及最后一段中“In sum, our critical review of loss aversion highlights that, even in modern times, wrong ideas can continue to exist for a long time despite opposite evidence, and therefore, that there is a need to critically assess accepted beliefs. (总之，我们对损失厌恶的批判性评论强调，即使在现代，错误的观念也可能在有相反证据的情况下长期存在，因此，有必要对已被接受的观念进行批判性评估)”可知，文章先介绍了损失厌恶理论的重要性，接着对该理论提出质疑，最后强调要批判性评估已被接受的观念，所以B项“Is Loss Aversion Really True?(损失厌恶真的成立吗？)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a high school student, you’re likely used to learning through reading textbooks. ____16____ This lies at the heart of “experiential appreciation,” a philosophy that encourages you to interact directly with the world around you. It’s about learning from real-life experiences, and discovering a more profound and engaging way to learn. To practice experiential appreciation, you can start by getting involved in hands-on activities related to your subjects. They will provide a firsthand understanding of the concepts you’re studying, making learning active and meaningful. So, try joining a sports team, picking up a paintbrush, or taking part in a local charity event. ____17____ As you dive deeper, immerse (沉浸) yourself fully in the surroundings and activities. When you’re in nature, don’t just look around. ____18____ Touching the leaves, feeling the wind and listening to the birds can enrich your learning and make each moment more memorable ____19____ After trying something new, ask yourself what you learned and how it made you feel. Write in a journal or discuss it with friends. This self-discovery turns experiences into life lessons and offers a deeper understanding of the world. Experiential appreciation changes learning from a task to be completed into a journey to be treasured. ____20____ So, explore the world around you, let every experience shape you, and discover the endless possibilities that await. This is the core of true learning, where every moment is a step towards a richer, more enlightened life. A. It extends learning beyond textbooks. B. These activities bring learning to life. C. Mind the impact of your actions on the environment. D. Instead activate your senses for a stronger tie with it E. Take your experiences further by reflecting on them. F. Textbooks offer a systematic introduction to essential concepts and principles. G. Now consider expanding your learning from just reading to actively participating. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. E 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍成长型思维对自主学习的益处，提出聚焦学习、庆祝进步、每日积累等培养方法，助于提升学习。 【16题详解】 由上文“As a high school student, you’re likely used to learning through reading textbooks. (作为一名高中生，你可能习惯了通过阅读教科书来学习。)”可知，此处需引出从“被动阅读” 到“主动参与”的学习方式转变，G项Now consider expanding your learning from just reading to actively participating. (现在考虑将你的学习从单纯的阅读扩展到积极参与。)通过“ expanding your learning from just reading to actively participating”衔接上文“textbooks learning”，并引出后文“体验式学习”的核心概念，形成“现状→建议”的逻辑过渡。故选G项。 【17题详解】 由上文“So, try joining a sports team, picking up a paintbrush, or taking part in a local charity event. (所以，尝试加入运动队、拿起画笔或参加当地慈善活动。)”可知，此处需总结这些活动的作用，B项These activities bring learning to life. (这些活动将学习带入生活。)中的These activities指代前文列举的实践行为，“bring learning to life”呼应段落首句“hands-on activities provide firsthand understanding”，强调实践让学习更生动。故选B项。 【18题详解】 由上文“When you’re in nature, don’t just look around. (当你身处大自然时，不要只是环顾四周。)”可知，此处需对比“被动观察”与“主动感知”，D项Instead, activate your senses for a stronger tie with it. (相反，激活你的感官以与之建立更强的联系。)通过“Instead”形成转折，“activate your senses”具体说明“不只是看”的行动，与后文“触摸树叶、感受风、聆听鸟鸣”形成细节呼应。故选D项。 【19题详解】 由下文“After trying something new, ask yourself what you learned and how it made you feel. (尝试新事物后，问问自己学到了什么以及感受如何。)”可知，此处需总述“反思体验”的重要性，E项Take your experiences further by reflecting on them. (通过反思将你的体验进一步深化。)中的“reflecting on them”直接对应后文“自我提问、写日记、讨论”等行为，形成 “观点→具体做法”的结构。故选E项。 【20题详解】 由上文“Experiential appreciation changes learning from a task to be completed into a journey to be treasured. (体验式欣赏将学习从一项需要完成的任务转变为一段值得珍藏的旅程。)”可知，此处需进一步说明其意义，A项It extends learning beyond textbooks. (它将学习延伸到教科书之外。)中的“It”指代“experiential appreciation”，“extends beyond textbooks”呼应首段“打破教科书学习局限”的主题，强化体验式学习的核心价值。故选A项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Ever since he was 6 years old, Josiah Colton has wanted to save the Earth. Now 10, the fifth-grader has already started a ____21____. Through it, he collects recyclables (可被回收的物品) from businesses and donates part of the proceeds (收益) to “charity: water”, an organization that provides ____22____ to people around the world. Josiah is now a charity: water “Tiny ____23____,” who runs his company, J Go Green, from his home. He said his mission (使命) to reduce, reuse, and recycle while also providing clean drinking water started ____24____. “Since I was six years old I have really been into ____25____,” he wrote on his website. “When I ____26____ how much we hurt animals by the way we live, I made it my mission to find better ways to keep the Earth ____27____.” Every Saturday, Josiah goes to local businesses and private homes to ____28____ cans and bottles. He then takes these recyclables to a nearby recycling center, where he gets ____29____ to donate to charity: water. _____30_____ doing the legwork, Josiah also offers practical tips for reducing waste and going _____31_____ around the house on the Internet. His _____32_____ includes ideas like replacing lightbulbs (灯泡) with energy-saving LED bulbs, _____33_____ your own garden, buying cleaning products in bulk (大量) to reduce wasteful packaging, and more. Josiah said he feels really _____34_____ about all that he’s achieved so far, and he _____35_____ making an even bigger difference in the future. He said, “Everyone can help, no matter who you are or how old you are.” 21. A. club B. course C. competition D. company 22. A. water B. food C. training D. housing 23. A. Baby B. Winner C. Hero D. Leader 24. A. secretly B. simply C. rapidly D. recently 25. A. science B. sports C. business D. animals 26. A. found out B. depended on C. worked out D. talked about 27. A. clean B. safe C. alive D. warm 28. A. sell B. wash C. fill D. collect 29. A. bottles B. money C. jobs D. energy 30. A. Because of B. Instead of C. Along with D. Except for 31. A. fast B. green C. crazy D. wrong 32. A. aim B. answer C. action D. advice 33. A. visiting B. planting C. designing D. improving 34. A. good B. funny C. shy D. confident 35. A. looks up to B. looks down on C. looks forward to D. looks back on 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了一个10岁的男孩Josiah Colton如何通过自己的公司J Go Green收集可回收物品，并将部分收益捐赠给提供清洁饮用水的慈善组织“charity: water”的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今10岁的他，已经创办了一家公司。A. club俱乐部；B. course课程；C. competition比赛；D. company公司。根据下文“who runs his company”可知，他创办了一家公司，故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这家公司，他从商家那里收集可回收物品，并将部分收益捐赠给“charity: water”，这是一个为世界各地的人们提供水的组织。A. water水；B. food食物；C. training培训；D. housing住房。根据上文“charity: water”可知，该组织的名字是以水命名的，说明它提供的是清洁饮用水，故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Josiah现在是“charity: water”的“小小英雄”，他从家里运营自己的公司J Go Green。A. Baby婴儿；B. Winner获胜者；C. Hero英雄；D. Leader领导者。根据下文“who runs his company”可知，他小小年纪居然自己开了公司，说明他被称为“小小英雄”，故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他说，他的使命是减少、再利用和回收，同时提供清洁饮用水，这一切始于简单的想法。A. secretly秘密地；B. simply简单地；C. rapidly迅速地；D. recently最近。根据下文“how much we hurt animals by the way we live”可知，他想要保护环境的动机起源于对动物的保护，这是一种简单的动机，故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从我六岁起，我就对动物非常感兴趣。A. science科学；B. sports运动；C. business商业；D. animals动物。根据下文“how much we hurt animals by the way we live”可知，他关心的是动物，故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我发现我们生活方式对动物造成的伤害时，我决定寻找更好的方法来保护地球。A. found out发现；B. depended on依赖；C. worked out解决；D. talked about谈论。根据下文“how much we hurt animals”可知，他发现了这个问题，即人类对动物的伤害，所以才会采取一系列行动，故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我发现我们生活方式对动物造成的伤害时，我决定寻找更好的方法来保护地球。A. clean清洁的；B. safe安全的；C. alive活着的；D. warm温暖的。根据上文“reduce, reuse, and recycle”可知，他想保持地球的清洁，故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周六，Josiah都会去当地企业和私人住宅收集罐子和瓶子。A. sell卖；B. wash洗；C. fill填满；D. collect收集。根据上文“he collects recyclables(可被回收的物品) from businesses”可知，他去收集可回收物品，故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他将这些可回收物品带到附近的回收中心，在那里他获得资金捐赠给“charity: water”。A. bottles瓶子；B. money资金；C. jobs工作；D. energy能量。根据上文“ He then takes these recyclables to a nearby recycling center”可知，他通过贩卖废品获得的是资金，然后将这些钱捐出去，故选B项。 【30题详解】 查介词短语辨析。句意：除了亲自做这些工作，Josiah还在网上提供减少浪费和实现家庭环保的实用建议。A. Because of因为；B. Instead of而不是；C. Along with和……一起；D. Except for除了。根据下文“Josiah also offers practical tips”可知，除了实际工作之外的事情，他还做了别的事情，两件事情是并列的关系，故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了亲自做这些工作，Josiah还在网上提供减少浪费和实现家庭环保的实用建议。A. fast快速的；B. green环保的；C. crazy疯狂的；D. wrong错误的。根据上文“reducing waste”可知，减少垃圾也就是环保，故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的建议包括用节能LED灯泡替换灯泡、种植自己的花园、大量购买清洁产品以减少浪费的包装等。A. aim目标；B. answer答案；C. action行动；D. advice建议。根据上文“Josiah also offers practical tips”可知，Josiah提出了自己的建议，故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的建议包括用节能LED灯泡替换灯泡、种植自己的花园、大量购买清洁产品以减少浪费的包装等。A. visiting参观；B. planting种植；C. designing设计；D. improving改进。根据下文“your own garden”可知，他建议种植自己的花园，其余选项不符合语境，故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Josiah说，他对到目前为止所取得的成就感到非常满意，并期待着在未来做出更大的贡献。A. good满意的；B. funny有趣的；C. shy害羞的；D. confident自信的。根据下文“about all that he’s achieved”可知，这里使用了achieve，意思是“达成……成就”，说明他对自己的成就感到满意，故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Josiah说，他对到目前为止所取得的成就感到非常满意，并期待着在未来做出更大的贡献。A. looks up to尊敬；B. looks down on看不起；C. looks forward to期待；D. looks back on回顾。根据下文“making an even bigger difference in the future”以及“Everyone can help”可知，他未来还会继续帮助保护环境，说明他期待着在未来做出更大的贡献，故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Lin Qiaozhi was five, her mother died, ____36____ affected her deeply. At age 18, she chose to work and study. In 1929, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize ____37____(give) to graduates. She ____38____(immediate) became the first woman to work as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. After several years, she ____39____(send) to study in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US. She left a good impression ____40____ her American colleagues who invited her to stay. However, Lin rejected the offer and returned to China. 【答案】36. which 37. given 38. immediately 39. was sent 40. on 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了林巧稚的生平，讲述她的早年经历、学业成就及国际交流经历。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：林巧稚五岁时母亲去世，这对她影响很深。本句为包含定语从句的复合句，指代前面整个主句“her mother died”，且在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which 引导。故填which。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1929年，林从北京协和医学院毕业，获得毕业生最高奖项“文海奖学金”。空白处在句子中作后置定语，使用非谓语动词，因prize与give之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词，故填given。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：她立即成为协和医院妇产科第一位担任住院医师的女性。修饰动词became需用副词做状语，immediate的副词形式为immediately。故填immediately。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：几年后，她被派往欧洲学习，1939年又赴美学习。主语she与send之间为被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，故填was sent。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：她给美国同事留下了良好印象，他们邀请她留下。“leave an impression on sb.”为固定短语，意为“给某人留下印象”，故填on。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last winter, while cleaning ____41____ (fall) leaves near the school gate, I spotted a small diary half-buried in the mud. Its pink cover was faded, but the pages inside were filled with neat handwriting. ____42____ (curious) urged me to look through it, and I realized the diary belonged to a girl named Emily, detailing her struggles with bullying (霸凌) and her parents’ divorce. That evening, I stayed late to take a note on the notice board: “Lost: A diary holding fragile memories. Contact Room 203 to reclaim it ____43____ (private).” For three days, I guarded the diary like a secret. Finally, a shy girl of Grade two in our college knocked on my door. Her eyes reddened as she whispered, “I thought I ____44____ (lose) this forever.” She hugged me tightly, her tears ____45____ (wet) my shoulder. I never read beyond the first page, but that diary taught me something profound: True integrity (正直) means protecting someone’s pain even when curiosity screams louder. 【答案】41. fallen 42. Curiosity 43. privately 44. had lost 45. wetting 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者在打扫学校门口的落叶时发现一本日记，好奇心驱使他翻阅，但出于正直，他没有多读日记内容，而是张贴告示寻找失主。最终，一名因霸凌和父母离婚而痛苦的女孩前来认领日记，作者从这一经历中领悟到正直的真谛是保护他人的隐私和痛苦，而非屈服于好奇心。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：去年冬天，在学校门口清理落叶时，我偶然发现了一本被泥土掩埋着的小本子。短语fallen leaves表示“落叶”。故填fallen。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：好奇心驱使我仔细查看，然后我意识到这本日记是名叫艾米丽的女孩所写的，里面详细记录了她遭受欺凌的经历以及父母离婚的事情。作主语，用名词curiosity，首字母大写。故填Curiosity。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：请前往 203 室进行私人领回事宜。修饰动词reclaim用副词privately。故填privately。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：她的眼睛泛起了红光，轻声说道：“我以为我再也无法拥有了。”此处表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had lost。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她紧紧地拥抱着我，泪水打湿了我的肩膀。此处为独立主格结构，tears与wet构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填wetting。 第四部分 课内知识（共三节，满分25分） 第一节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 根据语境，选择框中单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。 提醒：请将所选答案对应的字母序号，填涂到答题卡相应位置。 A. diversity B. despairing C. respond D. tendency E. claimed F. scared G. attempts 46. The reporter asked the president’s response to the social issue but the president didn’t react to it. 47. There is a widespread trend that more and more young people choose online learning. 48. Almost every child is terrified of something, from monsters to insects. 49. The desperate look on his face revealed his inner confusion. 50. After three failed efforts, she finally solved the equation (方程式). 51. So far nobody has declared the wallet discovered in the classroom 52. We should get a thorough understanding about the cultural variety of the United States. 【答案】46. C 47. D 48. F 49. B 50. G 51. E 52. A 【解析】 【46题详解】 考查动词。句意：记者询问总统对这个社会问题的回应，但总统没有做出反应。“react ”意思是“反应”，“respond”表示“回应，回答”，二者意思相近。故选C。 【47题详解】 考查名词。句意：有一个普遍的趋势，即越来越多的年轻人选择在线学习。“trend”意思是“趋势，倾向”，“tendency”表示“趋势，倾向”，二者意思相近。故选D。 【48题详解】 考查形容词。句意：几乎每个孩子都会害怕某些东西，从怪物到昆虫。“terrified ”意思是“害怕的”，“scared”表示“害怕的，恐惧的”，二者意思相近。故选F。 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他脸上绝望的神情透露出他内心的困惑。“desperate”意思是“绝望的，拼命的”，“despairing”表示“绝望的”，二者意思相近。故选B。 【50题详解】 考查名词。句意：经过三次失败的尝试后，她终于解出了这个方程式。“efforts”意思是“努力，尝试”，“attempts”表示“尝试，企图”，二者意思相近。故选G。 【51题详解】 考查动词。句意：到目前为止，还没有人宣称在教室里发现的这个钱包。“declared”意思是“宣布，宣称”，“claimed”表示“声称，宣称”，二者意思相近。故选E。 【52题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们应该对美国的文化多样性有一个全面的了解。“variety”意思是“多样，种类”，“diversity”表示“多样性，差异”，二者意思相近。故选A。 第二节（共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分） 根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个为多余的单词或者短语。 in memory of pass away a great deal of break down in disguise be admitted to a series of bring about make an appointment succeed in 53. I received a message from my parents that my beloved grandpa had _____________________. 54. There seems to be something wrong with her son, so she _____________________ for him to see a doctor. 55. A parade will be held in our city _____________________ the great day. 56. It is out of the question to finish _____________________ tasks in such a short time. 57. If you continue to work like this day and night, I’m afraid you will _____________________ sooner or later. 58. The thief was caught stealing _____________________ by a policeman. 59. After several attempts, I _____________________ fixing the broken chair with basic tools. 60. Her _____________________ a key university made her parents happy. 【答案】53. passed away 54. has made an appointment 55. in memory of 56. a series of 57. break down 58. in disguise 59. succeeded in 60. being admitted to 【解析】 【53题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我收到父母的消息，我亲爱的爷爷去世了。从句缺谓语，结合“my beloved grandpa”可推知，动词短语pass away“去世”符合题意，表示“我亲爱的爷爷去世了”，空前有had，时态为过去完成时，pass需用过去分词形式。故填passed away。 【54题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：她儿子似乎有些不舒服，所以她为他预约了医生。句子缺谓语，结合“for him to see a doctor”可推知，动词短语make an appointment“预约”符合题意，表示“为他预约了医生”，且时态宜用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响或结果，主语是she，助动词应用has。故填has made an appointment。 【55题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：我市将举行游行来纪念这个伟大的日子。句子主干成分完整，空后为名词短语the great day，结合“A parade”可推知，介词短语in memory of“纪念”符合题意，表示“纪念这个伟大的日子”。故填in memory of。 【56题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：要在这么短的时间内完成一系列任务是不可能的。空处修饰tasks，结合“in such a short time”可推知，固定短语a series of“一系列”符合题意，表示“完成一系列任务”，需注意a great deal of“大量的”后接不可数名词，不符合题意。故填a series of。 【57题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：如果你继续这样夜以继日地工作，身体恐怕迟早会垮掉。空处作谓语，结合“If you continue to work like this day and night”可推知，动词短语break down“身体/精神崩溃”符合题意，表示“迟早会垮掉”，空前有will，时态为一般将来时，break应用原形。故填break down。 【58题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：那个小偷伪装后行窃时被警察抓到了。句子主干成分完整，结合“The thief”可推知，介词短语in disguise“伪装”符合题意，表示“伪装后行窃”。故填in disguise。 【59题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：经过几次尝试，我成功用简单工具修好了那把坏椅子。空处作谓语，结合“fixing the broken chair”可推知，动词短语succeed in“成功做某事”符合题意，表示“成功修好了那把坏椅子”，此处应该是描述过去发生的事，时态宜用一般过去时，succeed用过去式的形式。故填succeeded in。 【60题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：她被重点大学录取让父母很高兴。空处和Her及a key university搭配，作主语，结合“made her parents happy”可推知，动词短语be admitted to“被……录取”符合题意，表示“被重点大学录取”，且be需用动名词形式。故填being admitted to。 第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 翻译：81-83题按括号中的要求进行汉译英，84-85题英译汉。 61. 林巧稚医生这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和宾语从句。表示“林巧稚医生这一席话”用these words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi；表示“得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界”可翻译为give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman；“是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生”处理为宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what；“度过”表达为carry...through，故从句故翻译为what carry her through a life of hard choices，发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices. 62. 一个女人被石头绊倒，水罐也摔到地上，她从地上爬起来，噙着泪一瘸一拐的走了。（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A woman, tripping over a stone, had her water jug fall to the ground. She rose to her feet and limped away with tears in her eyes. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词和复合结构。根据汉语可考虑，用两个句子去表达“一个女人被石头绊倒，水罐也摔到地上”，然后，“她从地上爬起来，噙着泪一瘸一拐的走了”；根据语境可知，本句描述的是已发的动作，应用一般过去时；前一个句子中，“一个女人”为a woman，作主语；“水罐摔到地上”可用have sth. done复合结构去表达，译为had her water jug fall to the ground，作谓语；“被石头绊倒”可译为trip over a stone，用现在分词作状语，表示与谓语动词同时发生的动作；后一个句子中，“从地上爬起来”可译为rise to her feet，“一瘸一拐的走”可译为limp away，它们之间用and连接，作并列谓语；“噙着泪”可用with复合结构表达，译为with tears in her eyes，作伴随状语。故整句话可译为：A woman, tripping over a stone, had her water jug fall to the ground. She rose to her feet and limped away with tears in her eyes. 63. 这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅，城市美景尽收眼底。(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There are many beautiful ancient buildings here many of which are located on the tops of mountains, offering a panoramic view of the city. 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句、固定短语和非谓语动词。主句“这里有众多美丽的古建筑”表示“有，存在”，可用there be句型，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语部分“众多美丽的古建筑”译为many beautiful ancient buildings，是复数，谓语用复数形式there are；“不少坐落于大山之巅”可处理为定语从句，修饰主句中名词buildings，用many of which引导定语从句，来指代先行词buildings并在从句中作主语，“坐落于”可用固定短语be located on，描述客观事实用一般现在时态are located on，宾语“大山之巅”译为the tops of mountains；“城市美景尽收眼底”用现在分词短语offering a panoramic view of the city作结果状语，说明前面情况所带来的结果。综上，全句译为：There are many beautiful ancient buildings here many of which are located on the tops of mountains, offering a panoramic view of the city. 64. The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures. When these immigrants left their countries, they carried a bit of home in their hearts, and build a new home here. （英译汉） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】这家博物馆完美地展示了美国是如何由不同国家和文化的移民建设起来的。这些移民离开他们的祖国时，心中装着一片故土，在这里建立了新家园。 【解析】 【详解】考查句子结构、宾语从句、状语从句和固定短语。分析句子可知，前句是主谓宾结构，主语是The museum“这家博物馆”；did是谓语动词，a really good job是宾语，do a (really) good job意为“做得很好，做得很完美”；of showing how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures是介词of加动名词宾语构成的介词短语，作后置宾语，连接副词how引导的宾语从句作showing的宾语。后句为时间状语从句。when引导时间状语从句，these immigrants left their countries为从句主语，表示“这些移民离开他们的祖国”；carried a bit of home in their hearts表示“心中装着一片故土”；built a new home here表示“在这里建立了新家园”。故本句可译为：这家博物馆完美地展示了美国是如何由不同国家和文化的移民建设起来的。这些移民离开他们的祖国时，心中装着一片故土，在这里建立了新家园。 65. The highest form of ignorance is when you reject something you don’t know anything about（英译汉） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】最高形式的无知就是当你对某事物一无所知时却对其加以排斥。 【解析】 【详解】考查句子结构。本句是一个主从复合句，“The highest form of ignorance”是主语，翻译为“最高形式的无知”；is是系动词；“when you reject something you don’t know anything about”是由连接副词when引导的表语从句，翻译为“当你对某事物一无所知时却对其加以排斥”，该从句中又包含一个定语从句“you don’t know anything about”，用来修饰先行词something。故翻译为：最高形式的无知就是当你对某事物一无所知时却对其加以排斥。 第五部分 写作（满分25分） 66. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris计划暑假来中国体验多元文化。请你写一封邮件推荐北京作为旅行目的地，内容包括： 1、北京的文化多样性：多民族艺术、多元宗教并存；历史与现代的交融； 2、推荐特色景点和活动； 3、表达期待。 注意：词数100-120。 参考词汇：The Forbidden City, 218 registered museums, the 798 Art Zone, Beijing Hutongs, Peking Opera, Peking Duck… Dear Chris, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Li Hua 【答案】Dear Chris, I’m thrilled to hear you’re planning a summer trip to China to explore cultural diversity! I highly recommend Beijing as your destination. Here, multi-ethnic arts and diverse religions coexist harmoniously, while ancient history seamlessly blends with modern vitality. With 218 registered museums, the 798 Art Zone’s contemporary art, and traditional Peking Opera performances, the city offers endless layers to uncover. Don’t miss the Forbidden City to marvel at imperial grandeur, or wander through Beijing Hutongs to experience local life. A night at a teahouse enjoying Peking Opera and savoring Peking Duck would be unforgettable. I’m eager to hear about your adventures here! Let me know if you need more tips. Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封邮件推荐北京作为旅行目的地。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动：thrilled→excited 发现：uncover→discover 品尝：savor→taste 多样：diverse→various 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：I’m thrilled to hear you’re planning a summer trip to China to explore cultural diversity! I highly recommend Beijing as your destination. 拓展句：Hearing you’re planning a summer trip to China to explore cultural diversity, I highly recommend Beijing as your destination. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Here, multi-ethnic arts and diverse religions coexist harmoniously, while ancient history seamlessly blends with modern vitality.（运用了while表示前后对比） 【高分句型2】Let me know if you need more tips.（运用了if引导条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$