精品解析：湖南省长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学2024-2025学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题

湖南师大附中2024—2025学年度高一第二学期第二次大练习 英　语 时量：120分钟　　　满分：150分 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节　(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1．What does the woman do for her job? A. She is a teacher. B. She is an engineer. C. She is a scientist. 2．Where should a wine bottle be put? A. Into the red box. B. Into the white bag. C. Into the blue bin. 3．What is the woman likely to do next? A. Quit smoking. B. Taste a cake. C. Change her seat. 4．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Relatives. B. Colleagues. C. Classmates. 5．What does the man suggest the woman do for her dog? A. Prepare a blanket. B. Book a small room. C. Bring some pet food. 第二节　(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What will Jack do at 10：00 am? A. Attend a lecture. B. Call the woman. C. Catch a bus. 7．How does the male speaker usually go to school? A. By taxi. B. By bike. C. On foot. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．Who is the man probably? A. A writer. B. A teacher. C. A reporter. 9．How does the man sound during the conversation? A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Stressed. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Which program to retirees is the most popular nowadays? A. Animal Shelters. B. Working with Children. C. Senior Citizen Schools. 11．What can the elderly do for children through the center? A. Manage the toys. B. Read to them. C. Walk them to school. 12．What is required for the program related to children? A. A medical report. B. A flexible timetable. C. Rich nursing experience. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Why does Lewis struggle to focus in class? A. He can't understand the teachers. B. The work is too easy for him. C He is unable to see the board. 14．Which grade is Lewis in now? A. Grade 2. B. Grade 3. C. Grade 4. 15．What does the man think Lewis might become someday? A. A university professor. B. A headmaster. C. A writer. 16．When will the speakers meet again? A. Wednesday afternoon. B. Tuesday evening. C. Monday morning. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What’s the purpose of the speaker’s speech? A. To know her class. B. To make friends. C. To get supported. 18．What do people think of taking care of others’ money? A. Easier. B. More difficult. C. More casual. 19．How often does the speaker plan to show her class bill? A. Every two months. B. Every month. C. Every term. 20．Why does the speaker think she can do this well? A. She is responsible and good at math. B. She will ask questions and give advice. C. She has earned trust from her classmates. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Places Named After Scientists in Antarctica There are many scientific breakthroughs made by women in Antarctic. Here are four landmarks in Antarctica and the female pioneers they’re named for. Jones Terrace (梯田) The ice-free terrace in eastern Antarctica’s Victoria Land bears Jones’ name. In 1969, geochemist Lois M. Jones led the first all-female research team from the U.S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied chemical weathering in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-free area of Antarctica. Through chemical analyses of rocks they had collected, Jones and her team discovered many geochemical characteristics of the valley’s ice-covered lakes. Mount Fiennes 8,202-foot-high Mount Fiennes, located on Antarctica’s largest island — Alexander Island — is named for Ginny Fiennes. She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic. In 1985, Fiennes became the first female who was invited to join the Antarctic Club, a British supper club open to individuals who have spent extended time in the Antarctic region. Francis Peak The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica’s Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis, who is the first female director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of the UK. Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica’s abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does. Peden Cliffs Peden Cliffs near Antarctica’s Marie Byrd Land are proof of the labor of Irene Peden. She was the first American female scientist to both live and work in the Antarctic, where she used radio waves to study ice sheets. Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio waves spread over long polar distances by measuring pathways in the ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets. 1. Which place is named after a builder of radio towers in the Antarctic? A. Jones Terrace. B. Mount Fiennes. C. Francis Peak. D. Peden Cliffs. 2. Who proved the previous higher temperatures of the Antarctic? A. Lois M. Jones. B. Ginny Fiennes. C. Dame Jane Francis. D. Irene Peden. 3. What is special about Irene Peden? A. She could judge the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets. B. She discovered a lot of ice-covered lakes in the Antarctic. C. She was the first female American to explore the Antarctic. D. She correctly measured the spreading speed of radio waves. B A handwritten obituary (讣告) for a hippo by a zookeeper in East China’s Nanjing has spread quickly as it detailed the hippo’s life moving both zoo visitors and netizens alike. “On January 18, hippo Fei Fei passed away due to a lung infection (感染) caused by asthma, leaving his wife Jin Jin at the exhibition zone,” read the notice handwritten by an animal keeper in Hongshan Forest Zoo. According to the obituary, Fei Fei was born in 1997 and had lived in the zoo since it opened in 1998. Fei Fei, who never got sick, was found to dive shorter and was diagnosed with asthma in March 2021. His condition kept worsening despite regular medical care, the notice said. “The skin on his legs began to rot...Fearing infection, I changed his water daily and carefully applied medicine to each wound. However, he still left, taking away my three years of hopes,” read the notice. “We will not forget the great contributions Fei Fei made to the hippo population and we value the 27 years he spent with us,” read the obituary. The zoo has started to design and will soon build a new exhibition zone with a large hippo house, a powerful filtration system, a simulated African ecological environment, alongside other African animals for companionship, the obituary added. It is customary for the zoo to write obituaries for certain animals that pass away. The words in the obituary are simple and sincere, reflecting the deep relationship between the keeper and the animal, one netizen wrote. In January 2023, the zoo penned an obituary for sun bear Lao Ma, thinking back to the 33-year-old animal’s moments at the zoo. 4. Why has the handwritten obituary for Fei Fei spread quickly? A. It’s written by a famous person. B. It announced the opening of a new zone. C. It detailed the hippo’s life and moved people. D. It’s the first obituary for an animal in the zoo. 5. How did the keeper feel about Fei Fei’s death? A. He was upset. B. He was relieved. C. He was annoyed. D. He was indifferent. 6. Why does the zoo plan to build a new exhibition zone? A. To attract more visitors. B. To make up for the loss of Fei Fei. C. To show off the zoo’s financial strength. D. To offer the animals a better living environment. 7. What does the author want to convey through this text? A. The importance of protecting hippos. B. The process of an animal’s life in the zoo. C. The good management of Hongshan Forest Zoo. D. The close connection between humans and zoo animals. C Destructive earthquakes rock the world from time to time. Nothing can be done to prevent them from striking. The best way to ease these future disasters is to draw maps of the underworld, recording every fault (断层) and tracking its behavior. To create those maps, researchers employ machines that sense and record all sorts of vibrations (震动). This work, historically, has sometimes been inaccurate. When Zachary Ross, an assistant geophysics professor, started in the field in the early 2010s, he tried to find a new way forward. “Even the best computer programs at the time missed certain earthquakes. There had to be a better way,” he says. He made the study in California which is so geologically active and there were more data than human experts alone could reasonably handle. In 2017 Ross started to focus on tiny quakes. They might be harmless, but that doesn’t make them unimportant — their waves can explain each fault they pass through, including the more precarious, stress­loaded ones that may one day crack and set off a disaster. Ross and his colleagues set an algorithm (算法) upon the seismic (地震的) record. The algorithm quickly identified nearly two million previously hidden tiny quakes. However, his program could only find earthquakes in the seismic record that it was taught to recognize. So Ross turned to more advanced tools: self­learning programs, software that could make predictions about the future — in this case, what a greatly wider variety of earthquakes might sound like. Very quickly, these programs found all sorts of unfamiliar-sounding quakes — later confirmed by human scientists. These AI learning programs can also be used to improve the speed and accuracy (精确度) of earthquake early­warning systems — largely autonomous (自主的) programs that forecast threats to life and property in the moments after an earthquake starts and send people emergency text messages before seismic waves reach them. But for all their promise, AI programs won’t replace human scientists. “They’re just tools,” Ross says — ones that in time, he believes, will become as ordinary as seismometers (地震仪) themselves. 8. What inspired Ross to carry out the new study? A. The massive amounts of data available. B. The geographical location of California. C. The limitation of the traditional method. D. The breakdown of the computer programs. 9. What does the underlined word “precarious” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Unusual. B. Unstable. C. Inaccessible. D. Informal. 10. What is the advantage of self­learning programs over Ross’ algorithm? A. They forecast new earthquakes. B. They help restore hidden faults. C. They rely on previous information. D. They use the best computer programs. 11. What do we know about the AI programs from the last paragraph? A. They will replace seismometers. B. They serve as an efficiency booster. C. They reduce the threats to life and property. D. They prevented seismic waves from reaching people. D Taking advantage of people’s appetite for trendy clothes, fast fashion has grown rapidly in recent years. It refers to cheaply made clothing that allows consumers to buy a stylish outfit at an affordable price. Today, the fast fashion industry is valued at $150.82 billion (about 1,094 billion yuan) — up 10.74 percent from 2024 — and is expected to reach $291.1 billion by 2032, according to UniformMarket. However, this growth comes with serious environmental consequences, one of which is carbon emissions. To keep costs low, the fast fashion industry uses synthetic (合成的) materials like polyester (聚酯纤维) in the large­scale production of clothing. Polyester can create two to three times more carbon emissions than cotton, leading to serious air pollution. What’s worse, the rapid changes in fashion trends have created a “throwaway” culture that results in huge amounts of textile waste. When synthetic materials end up in landfills, they stay there for hundreds of years, causing soil damage and polluting groundwater. In addition to using cheap but harmful materials, fast fashion also reduces costs by taking advantage of its workers. According to The George Washington University, the fast fashion industry employs around 75 million factory workers worldwide, but less than 2 percent earn a living wage. These factors together make fast fashion unsustainable, as it leads to both environmental harm and social injustice. The need to solve these problems has made sustainable fashion more important than ever. First introduced in the 1990s, this idea refers to clothing that is made ethically (符合道德规范地) and is environmentally friendly. It looks at the whole life of the product, including how it is made, used and thrown away. “There is no beauty in the finest cloth if it makes hunger and unhappiness，” said Indian social activist Mahatma Gandhi. His words remind us of the hidden costs behind the fast fashion industry. True beauty lies in clothing that is made ethically, without harming people or the planet. 12. What may the figures used in paragraph 1 highlight? A. The popularity of fashionable clothes. B. The economic benefits of fast fashion. C. The environmental influence of fast fashion. D. The booming development of fast fashion industry. 13. Which of the following makes fast fashion unsustainable? A. The diverse dressing styles of people. B. The destruction of soil caused by wastes. C. The unreasonable use of cotton materials. D. The high costs of employing workers worldwide. 14. What can we know about sustainable fashion? A. It was not proposed until a decade ago. B. It aims to promote the economic development. C. It emphasizes the complete process of clothes production. D. It mainly focuses on the environmental aspect of clothing industry. 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. Cheap Clothes, High Risks B. Online Shopping, Fashion Trends C. Recycling Solves Fashion Waste Crisis D. Fast Fashion Fuels Global Economic Growth 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips for Floodwater Safety Floodwater can be a breeding ground for mosquitoes (蚊子) which carry diseases. ___16___ You should avoid floodwater whenever possible. Here are practical safety tips： Avoid flooded areas. Do not drive, walk or swim through floodwaters. ___17___ It can be difficult to judge the depth of the water, and unknown dangers may be hidden by it. Clean and disinfect (消毒) items that have touched floodwater. Taking a dual approach to cleaning up after a flood is crucial. Cleaners remove dirt and grime, and disinfectants stop the growth of bacteria carried in floodwater. ___18___ If you are cleaning areas that have mold growing, it’s also recommended to wear a N95 mask. Make sure the food you eat are clean. Don’t eat food that may have come into contact with floodwater. Even if the food is packaged, it could have been exposed to bacteria from the floodwater. ___19___ Polluted water can contain bacteria and cause serious infections. Follow water safety advisories to boil water before drinking or use bottled water. If needed, bring water to a rolling boil for one full minute to kill water­borne bacteria. Never expose an open wound to floodwater. During flood cleanup, there’s a risk of developing cuts, open wounds or blisters, which could increase the risk of infection. ___20___ Apply an antibiotic ointment (药膏) and cover it with a waterproof bandage. Wash your hands often and thoroughly. If you’ve come into contact with floodwater or objects that have touched floodwater, it’s vital to clean your hands with soap and water or alcohol­based hand sanitizer (消毒剂)． A. Make sure drinking water is safe. B. Clean wounds with soap and clean water. C Don’t allow children to play in or near floodwaters. D. Watch for symptoms like stomach upset and fever. E. Wear proper safety equipment like gloves and eye protection while cleaning. F. It also may contain harmful substances from agricultural runoff. G. Prepare an emergency kit stocked with water, food, and flashlights. 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Library Cart Ms. Patterson, our town librarian, had pushed her wooden book cart (手推车) through Maple Street for a decade. After her stroke (中风) last winter, the cart ___21___ in the library basement, its wheels rusting (生锈). Every time I passed it, memories flooded back: her handing me my first chapter book, her ___22___ smile when I returned novels with dogeared pages. One March morning, I found the cart tipped over, books scattered like fallen leaves. “We’re clearing space,” the new librarian said ___23___. My chest tightened. That afternoon, I wheeled the cart home, its squeaks echoing my determination. Dad helped me sand the handles. Mom sewed new canvas shelves. Soon, our “Little Free Library on Wheels” was ready. On its very first trip, I ___24___ nervously outside the retirement home. Mrs. Jenkins, the knitting club leader, peered through her glasses. “Well! You’re going to ___25___ the idea that we work together to build a community with shared interests, right?” The cart became a bridge. Children ___26___ picture books with wide­eyed delight. Mr. Thompson, the retired engineer, left some instructive and engaging books with handwritten notes tucked (塞进) inside. Even stray cats (流浪猫) curled around its wheels, as if guarding literary ___27___. One rainy Thursday, Ms. Patterson’s niece wheeled her into our path. Her left hand ___28___ slightly as she touched the polished wood. “You … kept the spirit,” she whispered, her voice ___29___ but clear. That moment, I realized the cart wasn’t about books — it was about connections ____30____ generations. The cart’s success ____31____ others. High school students started a reading club, ____32____ discussing books every Friday. Local shops donated ____33____ materials — Mr. Lee’s hardware store gave away free paint, and the bakery offered cookies for story hours. Ms. Patterson passed away last month. When I push her cart under maple trees now, the shade feels like her gentle hand ____34____ us forward. Now, our cart wears a plaque (匾牌): “____35____ Ms. Patterson, who knew stories heal hearts.” Sometimes, the quietest acts of kindness can rebuild what time erodes (侵蚀). 21. A. gathered dust B. shone brightly C. broke down D. moved fast 22 A. nervous B. patient C. faint D. fake 23. A. excitedly B. hesitantly C. warmly D. coldly 24. A. danced B. slept C. shouted D. parked 25. A. promote B. scold C. ignore D. process 26. A. burned B. wrote C. borrowed D. hid 27. A. instructions B. treasures C. updates D. textbooks 28. A. sweated B. pointed C. waved D. trembled 29 A. weak B. loud C. musical D. slow 30. A. without B. from C. between D. against 31. A. confused B. inspired C. stopped D. forgot 32. A. eagerly B. rarely C. angrily D. sharply 33. A. chief B. spare C. expensive D. odd 34. A. informing B. defending C. guiding D. forcing 35. A. In search of B. In need of C. In honor of D. In face of 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, natural disasters ____36____ (hit) the world frequently, causing great damage to human life and property. Floods, typhoons, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are some of the most common disasters. A flood usually occurs when there is a sudden increase in rainfall or when rivers overflow their banks. It can flood large areas, destroy houses and crops, and even ____37____ (threat) people’s lives. In some cases, people have to evacuate their homes and move to safety places. Typhoons, known as hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean, are powerful storms that can bring strong winds, heavy rain and high waves. They often hit coastal areas, causing ____38____ (destroy) damage to buildings, trees and infrastructure. To protect themselves from typhoons, people usually prepare ____39____ advance, such as storing food and water, securing windows and doors, and evacuating to shelters. Earthquakes can happen at any time and without warning. When an earthquake occurs, the ground shakes ____40____ (heavy), which can lead to the collapse of buildings, bridges and other structures. The impact of an earthquake can be felt over a wide area, and the aftershocks can also cause ____41____ (far) damage. Volcanic eruptions occur ____42____ magma (岩浆), gas and rock erupt from a volcano. They can release large amounts of ash, lava (熔岩) and toxic (有毒的) gases into the air, ____43____(affect) the environment and people’s health. In the face of natural disasters, ___44___ is important for people to take preventive measures and stay informed. Governments and organizations around the world are working hard on ways ____45____ (improve) disaster prediction and response abilities to reduce the impact of natural disasters on human society. 第四部分　写作(满分40分) 第一节　(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校英语报社将举办主题为自然灾害的征文活动。请你给美国朋友Alice写一封邮件，邀请她参加。内容包括： 1. 请她介绍美国常见的自然灾害并谈谈其影响、应对措施等； 2. 征文的截稿日期。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alice， Our school English newspaper will hold an essay competition whose theme is Natural Disasters. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Li Hua 第二节　(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 There was no sign that the earthquake was coming. A 7.8 magnitude (震级) quake almost flattened the city, killing over thousands of lives in less than a few minutes. In the midst of destruction and chaos, a father left his wife securely at home and rushed to the school where his son Daniel was supposed to be, only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake. After the upsetting shock, he remembered the promise he had made to Daniel: “No matter what, I’ll always be there for you!” And tears began to fill his eyes. He looked at the pile of ruins that once was the school. Everything looked hopeless, but he kept remembering his commitment to his son. He began to concentrate on where he walked his son to class at school each morning. Remembering his son’s classroom would be in the back right corner of the building, he rushed there and started digging through the stones and bricks. As he was digging, other anxious parents arrived, heartbroken, shouting desperately: “Mary!” “Sam!” Some other well-meaning parents tried to pull him off what was left of the school, saying: “It’s too late!” “They’re dead!” “You can’t help!” “Go home!” “Come on! There’s nothing you can do here!” “You’re just going to make things worse!” To each parent he responded with one line: “Are you going to help me now?” And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone. Some firefighters showed up and tried to pull him off the school’s ruins, saying, “Fires are breaking out, and explosions are happening everywhere. You’re in danger. We’ll take care of it. Just go home!” To which this loving, determined father asked, “Are you going to help me now?” The fire chief replied, “You’re angry and worried. I get it. But you are not helping by staying here. Just go home. We will help you find your son!” To which he replied, “But I promised my son I’ll always be there for him.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Courageously, he went alone because he needed to know for himself: “Is my boy alive or is he dead?” ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “I’m fine. There are 13 other kids down here, Dad,” Daniel replied. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 湖南师大附中2024—2025学年度高一第二学期第二次大练习 英　语 时量：120分钟　　　满分：150分 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节　(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1．What does the woman do for her job? A. She is a teacher. B. She is an engineer. C. She is a scientist. 2．Where should a wine bottle be put? A. Into the red box. B. Into the white bag. C. Into the blue bin. 3．What is the woman likely to do next? A. Quit smoking. B. Taste a cake. C. Change her seat. 4．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Relatives. B. Colleagues. C. Classmates. 5．What does the man suggest the woman do for her dog? A. Prepare a blanket. B. Book a small room. C. Bring some pet food. 第二节　(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What will Jack do at 10：00 am? A. Attend a lecture. B. Call the woman. C. Catch a bus. 7．How does the male speaker usually go to school? A. By taxi. B. By bike. C. On foot. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．Who is the man probably? A. A writer. B. A teacher. C. A reporter. 9．How does the man sound during the conversation? A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Stressed. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Which program to retirees is the most popular nowadays? A. Animal Shelters. B. Working with Children. C. Senior Citizen Schools. 11．What can the elderly do for children through the center? A. Manage the toys. B. Read to them. C. Walk them to school. 12．What is required for the program related to children? A. A medical report. B. A flexible timetable. C. Rich nursing experience. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Why does Lewis struggle to focus in class? A. He can't understand the teachers. B. The work is too easy for him. C. He is unable to see the board. 14．Which grade is Lewis in now? A. Grade 2. B. Grade 3. C. Grade 4. 15．What does the man think Lewis might become someday? A. A university professor. B. A headmaster. C. A writer. 16．When will the speakers meet again? A. Wednesday afternoon. B. Tuesday evening. C. Monday morning. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What’s the purpose of the speaker’s speech? A. To know her class. B. To make friends. C. To get supported. 18．What do people think of taking care of others’ money? A. Easier. B. More difficult. C. More casual. 19．How often does the speaker plan to show her class bill? A. Every two months. B. Every month. C. Every term. 20．Why does the speaker think she can do this well? A. She is responsible and good at math. B. She will ask questions and give advice. C. She has earned trust from her classmates. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Places Named After Scientists in Antarctica There are many scientific breakthroughs made by women in Antarctic. Here are four landmarks in Antarctica and the female pioneers they’re named for. Jones Terrace (梯田) The ice-free terrace in eastern Antarctica’s Victoria Land bears Jones’ name. In 1969, geochemist Lois M. Jones led the first all-female research team from the U.S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied chemical weathering in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-free area of Antarctica. Through chemical analyses of rocks they had collected, Jones and her team discovered many geochemical characteristics of the valley’s ice-covered lakes. Mount Fiennes 8,202-foot-high Mount Fiennes, located on Antarctica’s largest island — Alexander Island — is named for Ginny Fiennes. She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic. In 1985, Fiennes became the first female who was invited to join the Antarctic Club, a British supper club open to individuals who have spent extended time in the Antarctic region. Francis Peak The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica’s Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis, who is the first female director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of the UK. Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica’s abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does. Peden Cliffs Peden Cliffs near Antarctica’s Marie Byrd Land are proof of the labor of Irene Peden. She was the first American female scientist to both live and work in the Antarctic, where she used radio waves to study ice sheets. Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio waves spread over long polar distances by measuring pathways in the ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets. 1. Which place is named after a builder of radio towers in the Antarctic? A. Jones Terrace. B. Mount Fiennes. C. Francis Peak. D. Peden Cliffs. 2. Who proved the previous higher temperatures of the Antarctic? A. Lois M. Jones. B. Ginny Fiennes. C. Dame Jane Francis. D. Irene Peden. 3. What is special about Irene Peden? A. She could judge the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets. B. She discovered a lot of ice-covered lakes in the Antarctic. C. She was the first female American to explore the Antarctic. D. She correctly measured the spreading speed of radio waves. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了南极洲四个以做出科学突破的女性科学家命名的地标。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mount Fiennes部分中“8,202-foot-high Mount Fiennes, located on Antarctica’s largest island — Alexander Island — is named for Ginny Fiennes. She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic.(8202英尺高的Fiennes山位于南极洲最大的岛屿——亚历山大岛上，以Ginny Fiennes的名字命名。她在南极洲建立并维护了80英尺高的无线电发射塔)”可知，Fiennes山是以南极洲无线电发射塔建造者Ginny Fiennes的名字命名的。故选B项。 2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Francis Peak部分中“Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica’s abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does.(她在西摩岛收集的化石帮助她在2021年的一篇论文中得出结论：南极洲丰富的植物化石表明，该大陆曾经有过比现在温暖得多的气候)”可知，Dame Jane Francis证明了南极洲以前有过更高的温度。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Peden Cliffs部分中“They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets.(他们还使用不同的无线电波频率来测量南极洲冰盖的厚度)”可知，Irene Peden的特别之处在于她可以判断南极洲冰盖的厚度。故选A项。 B A handwritten obituary (讣告) for a hippo by a zookeeper in East China’s Nanjing has spread quickly as it detailed the hippo’s life, moving both zoo visitors and netizens alike. “On January 18, hippo Fei Fei passed away due to a lung infection (感染) caused by asthma, leaving his wife Jin Jin at the exhibition zone,” read the notice handwritten by an animal keeper in Hongshan Forest Zoo. According to the obituary, Fei Fei was born in 1997 and had lived in the zoo since it opened in 1998. Fei Fei, who never got sick, was found to dive shorter and was diagnosed with asthma in March 2021. His condition kept worsening despite regular medical care, the notice said. “The skin on his legs began to rot...Fearing infection, I changed his water daily and carefully applied medicine to each wound. However, he still left, taking away my three years of hopes,” read the notice. “We will not forget the great contributions Fei Fei made to the hippo population and we value the 27 years he spent with us,” read the obituary. The zoo has started to design and will soon build a new exhibition zone with a large hippo house, a powerful filtration system, a simulated African ecological environment, alongside other African animals for companionship, the obituary added. It is customary for the zoo to write obituaries for certain animals that pass away. The words in the obituary are simple and sincere, reflecting the deep relationship between the keeper and the animal, one netizen wrote. In January 2023, the zoo penned an obituary for sun bear Lao Ma, thinking back to the 33-year-old animal’s moments at the zoo. 4. Why has the handwritten obituary for Fei Fei spread quickly? A. It’s written by a famous person. B. It announced the opening of a new zone. C. It detailed the hippo’s life and moved people. D. It’s the first obituary for an animal in the zoo. 5. How did the keeper feel about Fei Fei’s death? A. He was upset. B. He was relieved. C. He was annoyed. D. He was indifferent. 6. Why does the zoo plan to build a new exhibition zone? A. To attract more visitors. B. To make up for the loss of Fei Fei. C. To show off the zoo’s financial strength. D. To offer the animals a better living environment. 7. What does the author want to convey through this text? A. The importance of protecting hippos. B. The process of an animal’s life in the zoo. C. The good management of Hongshan Forest Zoo. D. The close connection between humans and zoo animals. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国南京红山森林动物园一位饲养员手写的河马讣告在网络上迅速传播，其详细记述了河马的一生，感动了动物园游客和网友，更体现了饲养员和动物之间的深厚感情。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A handwritten obituary (讣告) for a hippo by a zookeeper in East China’s Nanjing has spread quickly as it detailed the hippo’s life, moving both zoo visitors and netizens alike. (华东南京市一名动物园饲养员为一只河马手写了一篇讣告，讣告详细叙述了这只河马的一生，感动了动物园游客和网民。)”可知，这篇手写的讣告迅速传播的原因是因为它详细叙述了这只河马的一生，感动了人们。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“‘The skin on his legs began to rot…Fearing infection, I changed his water daily and carefully applied medicine to each wound. However, he still left, taking away my three years of hopes,’ read the notice. (讣告上写着：“他腿上的皮肤开始腐烂……我担心感染，每天都给他换水，仔细给每个伤口上药。然而，他还是走了，带走了我三年的希望。”) ”可知，饲养员对这只河马的死感到很难过，因为他为这只河马付出了很多努力，但还是没能救活它。由此可推知，饲养员对Fei Fei的死感到伤心。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The zoo has started to design and will soon build a new exhibition zone with a large hippo house, a powerful filtration system, a simulated African ecological environment, alongside other African animals for companionship, the obituary added.(讣告补充道，动物园已经开始设计，并将很快建造一个新的展览区，其中包括一个大型河马馆、一个强大的过滤系统、一个模拟的非洲生态环境，以及其他非洲动物作为陪伴。)”可知，动物园计划建造一个新的展览区是为了给动物们提供更好的生活环境。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is customary for the zoo to write obituaries for certain animals that pass away. The words in the obituary are simple and sincere, reflecting the deep relationship between the keeper and the animal, one netizen wrote. In January 2023, the zoo penned an obituary for sun bear Lao Ma, thinking back to the 33-year-old animal’s moments at the zoo. (动物园有为去世的某些动物写讣告的习俗。一位网友写道，讣告中的文字简单而真诚，反映了饲养员和动物之间的深厚关系。2023年1月，动物园为33岁的太阳熊老马写了一篇讣告，回忆了它在动物园的时光。)”结合文章主要讲述了一名饲养员为去世的河马手写了一篇详细的讣告，这篇讣告反映了饲养员和动物之间的深厚关系，并提到动物园有为去世的动物写讣告的习俗。可推知，作者想通过这篇文章传达人类与动物园动物之间的紧密联系。故选D。 C Destructive earthquakes rock the world from time to time. Nothing can be done to prevent them from striking. The best way to ease these future disasters is to draw maps of the underworld, recording every fault (断层) and tracking its behavior. To create those maps, researchers employ machines that sense and record all sorts of vibrations (震动). This work, historically, has sometimes been inaccurate. When Zachary Ross, an assistant geophysics professor, started in the field in the early 2010s, he tried to find a new way forward. “Even the best computer programs at the time missed certain earthquakes. There had to be a better way,” he says. He made the study in California which is so geologically active and there were more data than human experts alone could reasonably handle. In 2017 Ross started to focus on tiny quakes. They might be harmless, but that doesn’t make them unimportant — their waves can explain each fault they pass through, including the more precarious, stress­loaded ones that may one day crack and set off a disaster. Ross and his colleagues set an algorithm (算法) upon the seismic (地震的) record. The algorithm quickly identified nearly two million previously hidden tiny quakes. However, his program could only find earthquakes in the seismic record that it was taught to recognize. So Ross turned to more advanced tools: self­learning programs, software that could make predictions about the future — in this case, what a greatly wider variety of earthquakes might sound like. Very quickly, these programs found all sorts of unfamiliar-sounding quakes — later confirmed by human scientists. These AI learning programs can also be used to improve the speed and accuracy (精确度) of earthquake early­warning systems — largely autonomous (自主的) programs that forecast threats to life and property in the moments after an earthquake starts and send people emergency text messages before seismic waves reach them. But for all their promise, AI programs won’t replace human scientists. “They’re just tools,” Ross says — ones that in time, he believes, will become as ordinary as seismometers (地震仪) themselves. 8. What inspired Ross to carry out the new study? A. The massive amounts of data available. B. The geographical location of California. C. The limitation of the traditional method. D. The breakdown of the computer programs. 9. What does the underlined word “precarious” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Unusual. B. Unstable. C. Inaccessible. D. Informal. 10. What is the advantage of self­learning programs over Ross’ algorithm? A. They forecast new earthquakes. B. They help restore hidden faults. C. They rely on previous information. D. They use the best computer programs. 11. What do we know about the AI programs from the last paragraph? A. They will replace seismometers. B. They serve as an efficiency booster. C. They reduce the threats to life and property. D. They prevented seismic waves from reaching people. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍地震研究学者扎卡里·罗斯借助AI算法和自学习程序提升地震监测精度的探索。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When Zachary Ross, an assistant geophysics professor, started in the field in the early 2010s, he tried to find a new way forward. “Even the best computer programs at the time missed certain earthquakes. There had to be a better way,” he says. (地球物理学助理教授扎卡里·罗斯在2010年代初进入该领域时，试图找到一条新的研究路径。他说：“即使是当时最好的计算机程序也会漏掉某些地震。一定有更好的方法。”)”可知，传统方法的局限性（计算机程序漏检地震）促使罗斯开展新研究。故选C项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“They might be harmless, but that doesn’t make them unimportant — their waves can explain each fault they pass through, including the more precarious, stress­loaded ones that may one day crack and set off a disaster (它们可能是无害的，但这并不意味着它们不重要——它们的波浪可以解释它们所经历的每一个断层，包括那些更precarious、压力更大的断层，这些断层有朝一日可能会破裂并引发灾难)”可知，这些断层有一天可能会破裂并引发灾难，说明它们是不稳定的，所以画线词precarious的意思是“不稳定的”，与“unstable”同义。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Very quickly, these programs found all sorts of unfamiliar­sounding quakes—later confirmed by human scientists.(很快，这些程序就发现了各种听起来不熟悉的地震——后来得到了人类科学家的证实。)”可知，自学程序的优势在于它们能够预测出新型的地震。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“These AI learning programs can also be used to improve the speed and accuracy of earthquake early­warning systems — largely autonomous programs that forecast threats to life and property in the moments after an earthquake starts and send people emergency text messages before seismic waves reach them.(这些AI学习程序还可用于提高地震预警系统的速度和精度——预警系统是高度自主的程序，能在地震发生后立即预测对生命和财产的威胁，并在地震波到达前向人们发送紧急短信。)”可知，AI程序通过提升预警速度和精度，成为提高地震监测效率的助推器。故选B项。 D Taking advantage of people’s appetite for trendy clothes, fast fashion has grown rapidly in recent years. It refers to cheaply made clothing that allows consumers to buy a stylish outfit at an affordable price. Today, the fast fashion industry is valued at $150.82 billion (about 1,094 billion yuan) — up 10.74 percent from 2024 — and is expected to reach $291.1 billion by 2032, according to UniformMarket. However, this growth comes with serious environmental consequences, one of which is carbon emissions. To keep costs low, the fast fashion industry uses synthetic (合成的) materials like polyester (聚酯纤维) in the large­scale production of clothing. Polyester can create two to three times more carbon emissions than cotton, leading to serious air pollution. What’s worse, the rapid changes in fashion trends have created a “throwaway” culture that results in huge amounts of textile waste. When synthetic materials end up in landfills, they stay there for hundreds of years, causing soil damage and polluting groundwater. In addition to using cheap but harmful materials, fast fashion also reduces costs by taking advantage of its workers. According to The George Washington University, the fast fashion industry employs around 75 million factory workers worldwide, but less than 2 percent earn a living wage. These factors together make fast fashion unsustainable, as it leads to both environmental harm and social injustice. The need to solve these problems has made sustainable fashion more important than ever. First introduced in the 1990s, this idea refers to clothing that is made ethically (符合道德规范地) and is environmentally friendly. It looks at the whole life of the product, including how it is made, used and thrown away. “There is no beauty in the finest cloth if it makes hunger and unhappiness，” said Indian social activist Mahatma Gandhi. His words remind us of the hidden costs behind the fast fashion industry. True beauty lies in clothing that is made ethically, without harming people or the planet. 12. What may the figures used in paragraph 1 highlight? A. The popularity of fashionable clothes. B. The economic benefits of fast fashion. C. The environmental influence of fast fashion. D. The booming development of fast fashion industry. 13 Which of the following makes fast fashion unsustainable? A. The diverse dressing styles of people. B. The destruction of soil caused by wastes. C. The unreasonable use of cotton materials. D. The high costs of employing workers worldwide. 14. What can we know about sustainable fashion? A. It was not proposed until a decade ago. B. It aims to promote the economic development. C. It emphasizes the complete process of clothes production. D. It mainly focuses on the environmental aspect of clothing industry. 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. Cheap Clothes, High Risks B. Online Shopping, Fashion Trends C. Recycling Solves Fashion Waste Crisis D. Fast Fashion Fuels Global Economic Growth 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了快时尚低价背后的环境和社会风险，如污染、剥削工人，倡导可持续时尚。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Today, the fast fashion industry is valued at $150.82 billion (about 1,094 billion yuan) — up 10.74 percent from 2024 — and is expected to reach $291.1 billion by 2032, according to UniformMarket.(据《统一市场》报告称，如今快时尚行业的价值已达1508.2亿美元（约合 10940 亿元人民币），较2024年增长了10.74%，预计到2032年将达到2911亿美元)”可知，第一段中所使用的数据可能揭示了快时尚行业的蓬勃发展。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When synthetic materials end up in landfills, they stay there for hundreds of years, causing soil damage and polluting groundwater.(当合成材料进入垃圾填埋场时，它们会在那里停留数百年，造成土壤破坏并污染地下水)”可知，废弃物造成的土壤破坏导致了快时尚的不可持续性。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The need to solve these problems has made sustainable fashion more important than ever. First introduced in the 1990s, this idea refers to clothing that is made ethically (符合道德规范地) and is environmentally friendly. It looks at the whole life of the product, including how it is made, used and thrown away.(解决这些问题的必要性使得可持续时尚比以往任何时候都更加重要。这一理念于 20 世纪 90 年代首次提出，指的是那些以道德规范的方式制作且对环境友好的服装。它关注产品的整个生命周期，包括其制造、使用和废弃的过程)”可知，可持续时尚强调了服装生产的整个过程。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“However, this growth comes with serious environmental consequences, one of which is carbon emissions.(然而，这种增长带来了严重的环境后果，其中之一就是碳排放)”；第三段“In addition to using cheap but harmful materials, fast fashion also reduces costs by taking advantage of its workers.(除了使用廉价但有害的材料外，快时尚行业还通过剥削工人来降低成本)”结合文章介绍了快时尚低价背后的环境和社会风险，如污染、剥削工人，倡导可持续时尚。可知，A选项“便宜的服装，高风险”最符合文章标题。故选A。 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips for Floodwater Safety Floodwater can be a breeding ground for mosquitoes (蚊子) which carry diseases. ___16___ You should avoid floodwater whenever possible. Here are practical safety tips： Avoid flooded areas. Do not drive, walk or swim through floodwaters. ___17___ It can be difficult to judge the depth of the water, and unknown dangers may be hidden by it. Clean and disinfect (消毒) items that have touched floodwater. Taking a dual approach to cleaning up after a flood is crucial. Cleaners remove dirt and grime, and disinfectants stop the growth of bacteria carried in floodwater. ___18___ If you are cleaning areas that have mold growing, it’s also recommended to wear a N95 mask. Make sure the food you eat are clean. Don’t eat food that may have come into contact with floodwater. Even if the food is packaged, it could have been exposed to bacteria from the floodwater. ___19___ Polluted water can contain bacteria and cause serious infections. Follow water safety advisories to boil water before drinking or use bottled water. If needed, bring water to a rolling boil for one full minute to kill water­borne bacteria. Never expose an open wound to floodwater. During flood cleanup, there’s a risk of developing cuts, open wounds or blisters, which could increase the risk of infection. ___20___ Apply an antibiotic ointment (药膏) and cover it with a waterproof bandage. Wash your hands often and thoroughly. If you’ve come into contact with floodwater or objects that have touched floodwater, it’s vital to clean your hands with soap and water or alcohol­based hand sanitizer (消毒剂)． A. Make sure drinking water is safe. B. Clean wounds with soap and clean water. C. Don’t allow children to play in or near floodwaters. D. Watch for symptoms like stomach upset and fever. E. Wear proper safety equipment like gloves and eye protection while cleaning. F. It also may contain harmful substances from agricultural runoff. G. Prepare an emergency kit stocked with water, food, and flashlights. 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍洪水期间的安全注意事项，包括避开洪水区域、清洁消毒物品、确保食品安全、注意饮水安全、避免伤口感染及勤洗手等实用建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文的“Floodwater can be a breeding ground for mosquitoes which carry diseases.(洪水可能成为携带疾病的蚊子的滋生地。)”可知，此处说明洪水的健康风险，空格处需补充其他潜在危害。F选项“It also may contain harmful substances from agricultural runoff.(它还可能含有来自农业径流的有害物质。)”中的“It”指代“Floodwater”，与上文共同构成避开洪水的原因。故选F项。 【17题详解】 根据段落主题句“Avoid flooded areas.(避开洪水区域。)”及上文的“Do not drive, walk or swim through floodwaters.(不要开车、步行或游泳穿过洪水区域。)”可知，需进一步强调禁止特定人群接触洪水。C选项“Don’t allow children to play in or near floodwaters.(不要让儿童在洪水区域内或附近玩耍。)”中的“Don’t allow children”针对弱势群体提出具体要求，与“drive, walk or swim”共同构成“避开”的具体行为，符合语境。故选C项。 【18题详解】 根据上文的“Cleaners remove dirt and grime, and disinfectants stop the growth of bacteria carried in floodwater.(清洁剂去除污垢，消毒剂阻止洪水携带的细菌生长。)”及下文的“If you are cleaning areas that have mold growing, it’s also recommended to wear a N95 mask. (如果你在清洁有霉菌生长的区域，也建议佩戴 N95 口罩。)”可知，空格处需说明清洁时的防护措施。E选项“Wear proper safety equipment like gloves and eye protection while cleaning.(清洁时佩戴适当的安全装备，如手套和护目镜。)”中的“safety equipment like gloves and eye protection”与“N95 mask”并列，同属防护装备，且“while cleaning”对应“Cleaners remove dirt”的场景，逻辑连贯。故选E项。 【19题详解】 根据下文的“Polluted water can contain bacteria and cause serious infections. Follow water safety advisories to boil water before drinking or use bottled water.(污染的水可能含有细菌并导致严重感染。遵循饮水安全建议，饮用前煮沸水或使用瓶装水。)”可知，本段核心为饮水安全。A选项“Make sure drinking water is safe.(确保饮用水安全。)”作为主题句，直接点明“煮沸水或用瓶装水”的目的，与下文“kill water-borne bacteria”形成因果关系。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据段落主题句“Never expose an open wound to floodwater.(切勿让开放性伤口接触洪水。)”及下文的“Apply an antibiotic ointment and cover it with a waterproof bandage.(涂抹抗生素药膏并用防水绷带覆盖。)”可知，空格处需说明伤口接触洪水后的处理步骤。B选项“Clean wounds with soap and clean water.(用肥皂和清水清洁伤口。)”中的“Clean wounds”是处理伤口的第一步，与“Apply ointment”以及“cover with bandage”构成连贯的护理流程，符合“伤口处理”的逻辑顺序。故选B项。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Library Cart Ms. Patterson, our town librarian, had pushed her wooden book cart (手推车) through Maple Street for a decade. After her stroke (中风) last winter, the cart ___21___ in the library basement, its wheels rusting (生锈). Every time I passed it, memories flooded back: her handing me my first chapter book, her ___22___ smile when I returned novels with dogeared pages. One March morning, I found the cart tipped over, books scattered like fallen leaves. “We’re clearing space,” the new librarian said ___23___. My chest tightened. That afternoon, I wheeled the cart home, its squeaks echoing my determination. Dad helped me sand the handles. Mom sewed new canvas shelves. Soon, our “Little Free Library on Wheels” was ready. On its very first trip, I ___24___ nervously outside the retirement home. Mrs. Jenkins, the knitting club leader, peered through her glasses. “Well! You’re going to ___25___ the idea that we work together to build a community with shared interests, right?” The cart became a bridge. Children ___26___ picture books with wide­eyed delight. Mr. Thompson, the retired engineer, left some instructive and engaging books with handwritten notes tucked (塞进) inside. Even stray cats (流浪猫) curled around its wheels, as if guarding literary ___27___. One rainy Thursday, Ms. Patterson’s niece wheeled her into our path. Her left hand ___28___ slightly as she touched the polished wood. “You … kept the spirit,” she whispered, her voice ___29___ but clear. That moment, I realized the cart wasn’t about books — it was about connections ____30____ generations. The cart’s success ____31____ others. High school students started a reading club, ____32____ discussing books every Friday. Local shops donated ____33____ materials — Mr. Lee’s hardware store gave away free paint, and the bakery offered cookies for story hours. Ms. Patterson passed away last month. When I push her cart under maple trees now, the shade feels like her gentle hand ____34____ us forward. Now, our cart wears a plaque (匾牌): “____35____ Ms. Patterson, who knew stories heal hearts.” Sometimes, the quietest acts of kindness can rebuild what time erodes (侵蚀). 21. A. gathered dust B. shone brightly C. broke down D. moved fast 22. A. nervous B. patient C. faint D. fake 23. A. excitedly B. hesitantly C. warmly D. coldly 24. A. danced B. slept C. shouted D. parked 25. A. promote B. scold C. ignore D. process 26. A. burned B. wrote C. borrowed D. hid 27. A. instructions B. treasures C. updates D. textbooks 28. A. sweated B. pointed C. waved D. trembled 29. A. weak B. loud C. musical D. slow 30. A. without B. from C. between D. against 31. A. confused B. inspired C. stopped D. forgot 32. A. eagerly B. rarely C. angrily D. sharply 33. A. chief B. spare C. expensive D. odd 34. A. informing B. defending C. guiding D. forcing 35. A. In search of B. In need of C. In honor of D. In face of 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述旧图书手推车在传承中成为社区纽带，纪念帕特森女士的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：去年冬天她中风后，手推车在图书馆地下室积满了灰尘，轮子生锈了。A. gathered dust积尘；B. shone brightly明亮闪耀；C. broke down故障；D. moved fast快速移动。根据下文的“in the library basement, its wheels rusting (生锈).”可知，手推车闲置后“积满灰尘”。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我经过它，记忆如潮水般涌来：她递给我第一本章节书，当我归还书页折角的小说时，她耐心的微笑。A. nervous紧张的；B. patient耐心的；C. faint微弱的；D. fake虚假的。根据下文的“when I returned novels with dogeared pages”可知，帕特森女士对读者的粗心表现出“耐心的”微笑。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们在清理空间，”新图书管理员冷淡地说。A. excitedly兴奋地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. warmly温暖地；D. coldly冷淡地。根据下文的“My chest tightened”可知，新管理员的态度“冷淡”，让作者感到难过。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在它第一次旅行中，我紧张地把车停在养老院外面。A. danced跳舞；B. slept睡觉；C. shouted喊叫；D. parked停放。根据上文的“On its very first trip”以及下文的“outside the retirement home”可知，作者第一次将流动图书馆推出来，所以此处应是将流动图书馆“停放”在养老院外。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“嗯！你会推广我们共同努力建立一个有共同兴趣的社区的理念，对吗？”A. promote推广；B. scold责骂；C. ignore忽视；D. process处理。根据下文的“that we work together to build a community with shared interests”可知，詹金斯夫人认为流动图书馆能“推广”社区理念。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们睁大眼睛高兴地借阅图画书。A. burned燃烧；B. wrote书写；C. borrowed借阅；D. hid隐藏。根据上文的“The cart became a bridge.”以及下文的“picture books with wide­eyed delight”可知，流动图书馆成了一座桥梁，由此可知，此处指的是孩子们高兴地“借阅”图书。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：甚至流浪猫也蜷缩在轮子周围，仿佛在守护文学宝藏。A. instructions指示；B. treasures宝藏；C. updates更新；D. textbooks课本。根据上文的“as if guarding literary”可知，猫在守护着流动图书馆，由此可推断，此处将图书比作“宝藏”符合语境。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她触摸抛光的木头时，她的左手微微颤抖。A. sweated出汗；B. pointed指向；C. waved挥手；D. trembled颤抖。根据上文的“After her stroke (中风) last winter”以及“One rainy Thursday, Ms. Patterson’s niece wheeled her into our path.”可知，帕特森女士的侄女推着她来到了作者面前，中风后的帕特森女士手“颤抖”符合语境。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你……保持了这种精神，”她低声说，声音微弱但清晰。A. weak微弱的；B. loud大声的；C. musical悦耳的；D. slow缓慢的。根据上文的““You … kept the spirit,” she whispered”可知，她低声说话，由此可知，她的声音“微弱”符合语境。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我意识到这辆手推车无关书籍——它关乎代际之间的连接。A. without没有；B. from来自；C. between在……之间；D. against反对。根据上文的““You … kept the spirit,” she whispered”以及下文的“generations”可知，作者在帕特森女士中风后，继续保持着流动图书馆，由此可知，连接存在于“代际之间”符合语境。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：手推车的成功激励了其他人。A. confused使困惑；B. inspired激励；C. stopped阻止；D. forgot忘记。根据下文的“High school students started a reading club”可知，中学成立了读书俱乐部，由此可知，手推车“激励”了更多人参与。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：高中生们成立了一个阅读俱乐部，每周五都热切地讨论书籍。A. eagerly热切地；B. rarely很少；C. angrily愤怒地；D. sharply尖锐地。根据上文的“The cart became a bridge. Children ___6___ picture books with wide­eyed delight.”以及“High school students started a reading club”可知，此处描述的是流动图书馆对人们的影响，由此可推断，学生们“热切地”参与讨论，符合语境。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当地商店捐赠了备用物资——李先生的五金店赠送了免费油漆，面包店为故事时间提供了饼干。A. chief主要的；B. spare备用的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. odd奇怪的。根据下文的“Mr. Lee’s hardware store gave away free paint, and the bakery offered cookies for story hours.”可知，李先生的五金店赠送了免费油漆，面包店为故事时间提供了饼干，由此可知，此处捐赠的是“备用”物资。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我把她的手推车推到枫树下时，树荫就像她温柔的手引导我们前进。A. informing通知；B. defending防御；C. guiding引导；D. forcing强迫。根据下文的“Sometimes, the quietest acts of kindness can rebuild what time erodes (侵蚀).”可知，最无声的善举能重建被时光侵蚀的一切，由此可知推断，此处指的是树荫仿佛在“引导”人们前进。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：现在，我们的手推车上挂着一块匾牌：“纪念帕特森女士，她知道故事能治愈心灵。”A. In search of寻找；B. In need of需要；C. In honor of纪念；D. In face of面对。根据上文的“Ms. Patterson passed away”可知，帕特森女士已经去世，所以，匾牌是为了“纪念”她。故选C项。 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, natural disasters ____36____ (hit) the world frequently, causing great damage to human life and property. Floods, typhoons, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are some of the most common disasters. A flood usually occurs when there is a sudden increase in rainfall or when rivers overflow their banks. It can flood large areas, destroy houses and crops, and even ____37____ (threat) people’s lives. In some cases, people have to evacuate their homes and move to safety places. Typhoons, known as hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean, are powerful storms that can bring strong winds, heavy rain and high waves. They often hit coastal areas, causing ____38____ (destroy) damage to buildings, trees and infrastructure. To protect themselves from typhoons, people usually prepare ____39____ advance, such as storing food and water, securing windows and doors, and evacuating to shelters. Earthquakes can happen at any time and without warning. When an earthquake occurs the ground shakes ____40____ (heavy), which can lead to the collapse of buildings, bridges and other structures. The impact of an earthquake can be felt over a wide area, and the aftershocks can also cause ____41____ (far) damage. Volcanic eruptions occur ____42____ magma (岩浆), gas and rock erupt from a volcano. They can release large amounts of ash, lava (熔岩) and toxic (有毒的) gases into the air, ____43____(affect) the environment and people’s health. In the face of natural disasters, ___44___ is important for people to take preventive measures and stay informed. Governments and organizations around the world are working hard on ways ____45____ (improve) disaster prediction and response abilities to reduce the impact of natural disasters on human society. 【答案】36. have hit 37. threaten 38. destructive 39. in 40. heavily 41. further 42. when 43. affecting 44. it 45. to improve 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了近年来全球频发的自然灾害类型（洪水、台风、地震、火山喷发）及其危害，同时提及人类应对灾害的措施和全球在提升灾害预测与应对能力方面的努力。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：近年来，自然灾害频繁袭击世界，对人类生命和财产造成巨大损失。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“In recent years”可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语natural disasters为复数。故填have hit。 【37题详解】 考查动词。句意：它可以淹没大片地区，摧毁房屋和庄稼，甚至威胁人们的生命。此处与 flood和destroy并列，位于情态动词can后，用动词原形，threat的动词形式为threaten意为“威胁”。故填threaten。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它们经常袭击沿海地区，对建筑物、树木和基础设施造成毁灭性破坏。此处修饰名词damage，用形容词作定语，destroy的形容词为destructive意为“毁灭性的”符合句意。故填destructive。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：为了保护自己免受台风袭击，人们通常会提前准备，比如储存食物和水，固定门窗，疏散到避难所。此处为固定搭配in advance意为“提前”，所以此处使用介词in。故填in。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：地震发生时，地面剧烈震动，可能导致建筑物、桥梁和其他结构倒塌。此处修饰动词shakes，用副词作状语，heavy的副词为heavily意为“剧烈地”符合句意。故填heavily。 【41题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：地震的影响可以在广泛的区域内感受到，余震也可能造成进一步的破坏。根据上文的“The impact of an earthquake can be felt over a wide area(地震的影响可以在广泛的区域内感受到)”可知，地震影响面很广，而此处讲述的是余震造成的影响可能会是进一步地破坏，所以此处表示“进一步的”，用形容词far的比较级further。故填further。 【42题详解】 考查时间状语从句。句意：当岩浆、气体和岩石从火山喷发时，就会发生火山喷发。此处为从属连词引导的状语从句，结合句意，此处表示的是时间，所以为when引导的时间状语从句，表示“当……时”。故填when。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们可以向空气中释放大量的火山灰、熔岩和有毒气体，影响环境和人们的健康。此处为非谓语动词作状语，They指代Volcanic eruptions与affect为逻辑主动关系，用现在分词affecting。故填affecting。 【44题详解】 考查形式主语。句意：面对自然灾害，人们采取预防措施并保持信息畅通是很重要的。此处用it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语“to take preventive measures and stay informed”。故填it。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：世界各国政府和组织正在努力寻找改善灾害预测和应对能力的方法，以减少自然灾害对人类社会的影响。此处作名词ways的后置定语，通常使用不定式形式，所以此处使用动词不定式to improve。故填to improve。 第四部分　写作(满分40分) 第一节　(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校英语报社将举办主题为自然灾害的征文活动。请你给美国朋友Alice写一封邮件，邀请她参加。内容包括： 1. 请她介绍美国常见的自然灾害并谈谈其影响、应对措施等； 2. 征文的截稿日期。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alice， Our school English newspaper will hold an essay competition whose theme is Natural Disasters. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Alice， Our school English newspaper will hold an essay competition whose theme is Natural Disasters. I’d like to invite you to take part in it. It is well­known that many natural disasters happen every year in America, causing great damage. You can introduce the main natural disasters, such as hurricanes and snowstorms and tell some common knowledge about them. For example, you can discuss how they happen, what harm they may cause, and what you can do in face of disasters. The measures you take may benefit us, as we also face many natural disasters. The deadline is June 8th, 2025. Looking forward to your article. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给美国朋友Alice写邮件，邀请其参加学校英语报社举办的“自然灾害”主题征文活动，需包含征文内容要求及截稿日期。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 比赛：competition→contest 邀请：invite→ask 参加：take part in→participate in 发生：happen→occur 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’d like to invite you to take part in it. 拓展句：Since this competition may be a great opportunity for cultural exchange I’d like to ask you to participate in it. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It is well-­known that many natural disasters happen every year in America, causing great damage.（运用了“it 作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正主语”结构，以及现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型2】The measures you take may benefit us, as we also face many natural disasters.（运用了省略关系代词的定语从句修饰measures以及as引导原因状语从句） 第二节　(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 There was no sign that the earthquake was coming. A 7.8 magnitude (震级) quake almost flattened the city, killing over thousands of lives in less than a few minutes. In the midst of destruction and chaos, a father left his wife securely at home and rushed to the school where his son Daniel was supposed to be, only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake. After the upsetting shock, he remembered the promise he had made to Daniel: “No matter what, I’ll always be there for you!” And tears began to fill his eyes. He looked at the pile of ruins that once was the school. Everything looked hopeless, but he kept remembering his commitment to his son. He began to concentrate on where he walked his son to class at school each morning. Remembering his son’s classroom would be in the back right corner of the building, he rushed there and started digging through the stones and bricks. As he was digging, other anxious parents arrived, heartbroken, shouting desperately: “Mary!” “Sam!” Some other well-meaning parents tried to pull him off what was left of the school, saying: “It’s too late!” “They’re dead!” “You can’t help!” “Go home!” “Come on! There’s nothing you can do here!” “You’re just going to make things worse!” To each parent he responded with one line: “Are you going to help me now?” And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone. Some firefighters showed up and tried to pull him off the school’s ruins, saying, “Fires are breaking out, and explosions are happening everywhere. You’re in danger. We’ll take care of it. Just go home!” To which this loving, determined father asked, “Are you going to help me now?” The fire chief replied, “You’re angry and worried. I get it. But you are not helping by staying here. Just go home. We will help you find your son!” To which he replied, “But I promised my son I’ll always be there for him.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Courageously, he went alone because he needed to know for himself: “Is my boy alive or is he dead?” ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “I’m fine. There are 13 other kids down here, Dad,” Daniel replied. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Courageously, he went alone because he needed to know for himself: “Is my boy alive or is he dead?” He dug for hours and hours. His hands were mushy and he could only see well in flashes. Right before he was about to pass out, he pulled back a large rounded rock and heard his son’s voice. He screamed his son’s name, “DANIEL!” A response came from below, “Dad? It’s me, Dad!” This must be the most beautiful voice he’s ever heard in his whole life! “What’s going on in there? How is it?” the father asked anxiously. “I’m fine. There are 13 other kids down here, Dad,” Daniel replied. “We’re scared, hungry, and thirsty. When the building collapsed, it made a triangle and saved us.” The father realized that this was a tricky situation. He couldn’t risk causing another collapse down there. Fortunately, the firefighters were just nearby. The father shouted to the fire chief and signalled to them to come over. Then, the father helped the firefighters cautiously remove the rocks and pulled out the kids one by one. When everyone was safe and sound, Daniel threw himself into his father’s arms: “You did it, Dad! No matter what, I know you’ll be there for me!” 【解析】 【导语】本文以认人物为线索展开，讲述了一座城市发生了7.8级的地震，地震几乎把这座城市夷为平地。在一片混乱中，一位父亲冲去学校救自己的儿子，因为他曾向儿子承诺“无论发生什么，他都会永远在儿子身边”。学校已经成为一片废墟，但他仍然不停地在废墟中寻找，好心的家长和消防队员试图劝他停止寻找，但他仍不放弃。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他勇敢地独自面对，因为他自己需要知道：“我的孩子是活着还是死了？””可知，第一段可描写这位父亲寻找儿子的过程及他是否找到了儿子。 ②由第二段首句内容““我很好。爸爸，下面还有13个孩子，”丹尼尔回答。”可知，第二段可描写儿子获救及获救后父子二人的互动。 2.续写线索：继续寻找——听到儿子的声音——询问儿子的处境——还有13个孩子——儿子获救——父子互动 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.昏倒：pass out/fall down in a faint ②.倒塌：collapse/topple down ③.导致：cause/lead to 情绪类 ①.焦急地：anxiously/nervously ②.害怕的：scared/afraid 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Right before he was about to pass out, he pulled back a large rounded rock and heard his son’s voice.（由before引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型2]. The father realized that this was a tricky situation.（由that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$