Unit 7 单元复习讲义 2024-2025学年译林版英语八年级下册

八年级英语期末复习第七单元复习讲义(短语、句子、语法、作文) 一、重要短语: have some pocket money left 剩下一些零花钱 too weak to walk any further 太疲劳不能再走了 charities around the world 世界各地的慈善机构 build a better world for everyone 为所有人创造一个更美好的世界 do operations on做手术 basic education基础教育 prevent the spread of some serious diseases 防止一些严重疾病的传播 with its help 在它的帮助下 set up 建立 80 per cent of theses cases这些病例的百分之八十 be used as a training centre 被用作训练中心 afford to go to hospital 付得起去看病的钱 by training them 通过训练他们 be operated on 被动手术 be proud to do sth 很自豪做某事 carry on with our work 继续从事我们的工作 hand out leaflets 散发传单 the patients with eye problems 眼睛有问题的病人 because of the war 由于战争 raise money by selling Christmas cards 通过卖圣诞卡片捐钱 prevent them from getting illnesses 阻止他们得病 support it by donating money 通过捐钱支持它 have got a toothache 牙痛 let me have a check 让我检查一下 in a few days 几天以后 keep asking myself 不停地问我自己 be a success 成功 no time to be nervous any more 没有时间再紧张 drive to work 开车去上班 travel to many places 去许多地方旅行 be afraid of flying 害怕乘飞机 make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事attend courses after work 下班后参加课程 get used to traveling by plane 习惯于乘飞机旅行 2、 重要句子: 1. I’m too weak to walk any further. 我太虚弱,不能再走了。 (8B. 92) 2. Come on, we have only five kilometers left. 加油,我们只剩下五公里路了。 (8B. 92) 3. It provides basic education for children in poor areas. 它为贫困地区的孩子提供基础教育。 (8B. 93) 4.It helps build a better world for everyone, especially children all over the world. 它有助于为每个人,尤其是全世界的孩子们建立一个更美好的世界。 (8B. 93) 5. It works for the equal rights of girls and women too. 它也为女孩和妇女获得平等权利而工作。(8B. 93) 6. It also works to prevent the spread of some serious diseases among young people. 它也为了防止一些疾病在年青人中间蔓延而工作。 (8B. 93) 7. However, many people don’t have money for medical treatment. 但是许多人没有钱接受医学治疗。 (8B. 94) 8. The plane is also used as a training centre. 飞机也被用作培训中心。 8B. 94) 9.Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. 我们的很多病人没钱去医院,所以我们得去他们那儿。 (8B. 94) 10.By training them, we hope to help more people. 通过对他们进行培训,我们希望能帮助更多的人。 (8B. 94) 11. During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on. 在我上次的到访期间,150位病人接受了手术。 (8B. 95) 12. I’m proud to help people see again and improve their lives. 我以帮助人们重见光明和提高他们的生活感到自豪。 (8B. 95) 13. Is there anything else you’d like to say to our readers? 你还有其他什么事想对我们的读者说吗? (8B. 95) 14. Modern medicine is developing quickly. 现代医学正迅速发展。 (8B. 95) 15. Operations are done to help people with eye problems see again. 做手术来帮助那些有眼病的人重见光明。 (8B. 97) 16.Local doctors and nurses are also invited on board to learn new skills. 当地的医生和护士也应邀登机上学习新技能。 (8B. 97) 17. A lot of things are sold in Oxfam shops, including books. 乐施会商店出售很多东西,包括书籍。(8B. 100) 18.At that time, many children’s lives were changed because of the war. 在那时,由于战争,许多孩子的生活发生了变化。 (8B. 101) 19. UNICEF helps governments make the world a better place for children. 联合国儿童基金会帮助政府使世界成为儿童更好的地方。(8B. 101) 20.Take this medicine after meals three times a day. 饭后服药,一天三次。 (8B. 102) 21. She is getting used to traveling by plane. [来源:Zxxk.Com] 她正在习惯于乘飞机旅行。 (8B. 104) 三、语法知识: 1.被动语态的概念 语态是动词的一种形式,表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。当主语是谓语的执行者时,用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时,用被动语态。如:We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天都打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned(by us) every day. 教室每天都被(我们)打扫。 2.被动语态的基本结构 一般现在时:am / is / are + 过去分词 一般过去时:was / were + 过去分词 一般将来时:will / shall be + 过去分词 或 am/is/are going to be+过去分词 现在进行时:am / is / are being + 过去分词 现在完成时:have / has been +过去分词 过去完成时:had been + 过去分词 含情态动词:情态动词+be+过去分词 3.被动语态的基本用法: (1)动作的执行者时泛指或者在不知道动作的执行者时谁时。如: None of the books was taken away. 没有一本书被拿走。 (2)需要强调动作的承受者时。如: My bike was repaired. 我的自行车修好了。 (3)在被动语态的句子中,如果我们需要指出动作的执行者,可以由by引出。如: Mr Wu is liked by all of his students. 所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。 4.主动语态与被动语态的句式转换: 主动语态 主语 She 谓语(主动式) hurt 宾语 me. 被动语态 原宾语(改成主格) I 谓语(被动式) was hurt by 原主语(改为宾格) her. (1)含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态 主动语态: 主语 + 谓语动词 + 间接、直接宾语 + 其他 被动语态: 间接宾语 + be + 过去分词 + 直接宾语 + 其他(比较常用) 或:直接宾语 + be + 过去分词 + 介词(for / to) + 间接宾语 + 其他 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. =He _ _ _ _ _ his mother for his birthday. =A present _ _ _ _ _ his mother for his birthday. He bought me a book. =I _ _ a book by him. =A book _ _ _ me by him. (2)在主动句中let, make, see, hear等动词后作宾补的动词不带to,在被动句中,则要保留to. Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. =A stranger _ _ _ walk into the building. The boss made the workers work all day. =The workers _ _ _ work all day by the boss. (3)含有短语动词的主动语态变为被动语态 有些相当于及物动词的短语动词,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可用于被动语态,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。如: She looks after her grandmother. Her grandmother is looked after (by her). 【注意】 1. 有些动词的主动语态形式含有被动意义。如:系动词smell、taste、sound、feel等。 The dish smells good. 这道菜闻起来很香。The music sounds nice. 这段音乐听起来不错。 2.还有一些不及物动词和well、easily等副词连用,常用主动语态,含有被动意义。如:read、write、draw、sell、wash、cook、clean等。 The books sell well. 这些书很畅销。 The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔写起来很顺滑。 四、书面表达: Writing skills:Take time as a line; Compare the past with the present; Use detailed information, facial expressions, adjectives… Tips on writing: 连词成句套句型,集句成段嵌关联,分门别类补要点,首尾呼应须总结。 Mandeep’s Dream of Life Mandeep is a girl from India. She used to work on the farm all day. Her family had many children and was very poor, so Mandeep did not go to school and she could not read or write. One day, a UNICEF worker came to Mandeep’s village and learnt about the conditions of the local people. He said it was important for children to receive education. He wanted all the children in the village to learn to read. Three weeks later, Mandeep entered a local school. Now, she goes to school every day. She can read and write. She enjoys school and is grateful to UNICEF for helping her. Mandeep says that she hopes to become a teacher in the future. ( 2 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$