Unit 1 Friendship 词汇篇&句型篇（“导”与“练”）-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册导练测同步（译林版2024）

Unit 1 Friendship 词汇篇&句型篇 一、重点词汇 1. friendship 【词不离句】Friendship is an important part of our lives.(P6) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 friendship n.友谊 friend n.朋友 friendly adj.友好的 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 build friendship 建立友谊 deepen friendship 加深/深化友谊 value/build/deepen the friendship between ... 珍惜/建立/深化……之间的友谊 We should work hard to build long-term friendship.我们应努力建立长期友谊。 Podareva wants to create a website in Russia to help deepen the friendship between China and Russia. Podareva希望在俄罗斯创建一个网站有助于深化中俄间的友谊。 【学以致用】见“练”一本(以下同) 2. honest 【词不离句】honest(a. Tell the truth)/They should also be honest.(P7) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 honest adj.诚实的，正直的 honestly adv.诚实地 honesty n.诚实 dishonesty n.不诚实 dishonest adj.不诚实的 dishonestly adv. 不诚实地 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 be honest with sb 对某人诚实 to be honest(with you) 说实话(用作插入语) You should always be honest with your friends.你应该永远对朋友诚实。 To be honest(with you), I don’t like this movie.说实话，我不喜欢这部电影。 3. cheerful 【词不离句】cheerful(b. Be happy)(P7) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 cheerful adj.快乐的，高兴的 cheerfulness n.快乐，高兴 cheer v.欢呼；使高兴 cheerfully adv.快乐地 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 cheer ... up 相互打气，给……加油打气 让/使……振作/振奋起来 cheer up 振作起来 be cheerful about sound cheerful about 对……感到高兴 听上去好像对……感到高兴 You always know how to cheer me up.你总是知道怎么为我加油打气。 Please don’t wear a long face, cheer up!不要愁眉苦脸，振作起来。 Jack sounded quite cheerful about the idea.杰克听上去好像对这个想法很高兴。 4. humorous 【词不离句】humorous(d. Be good at telling jokes to make you laugh)(P7) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 humorous adj.幽默的 humour(=AmE humor) n.幽默 humorously adv.幽默地 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 a sense of humour develop a sense of humor 幽默感/幽默风趣 培养幽默感 a humorous style 幽默的风格 My father has a great sense of humor and he often makes us laugh. 我爸爸很有幽默感/幽默风趣，他经常让我们发笑。 Reading funny books can help you develop a sense of humor. 阅读幽默书籍有助于培养幽默感。 His humorous teaching style has earned him love and respect from students throughout his 30-year career.他幽默的教学风格在他30年的职业生涯中赢得了学生的喜爱和尊重。 5. caring 【词不离句】careing(c. Listen to you when you have problems)(P7) Well, I think good friends should be kind and caring.(P8) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 caring adj.关心他人的，体贴人的 care v./n.关心；照顾 careless adj.粗心的 carelessly adv.粗心地 careful adj.小心的 carefully adv.小心地 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 be careful with 小心 be careful in doing sth. be careful to do sth. 做某事时要小心 小心做某事 care for 关心，照顾，喜欢 care about 关心，挂念 take(good)care of 照顾=look after(well) Please be careful with your things.请小心保管你的东西。 He is careful to read every sentence.他小心翼翼地读每一个句子。 Nowadays schools should care for the full development of a student’s talents. 现在学校应该关注学生才能的全面发展。 It seems that you don’t care about your son’s grades at school. 看起来你并不关心你儿子在学校的成绩。 Can Andy take good care of him/look after him well?安迪能照顾好自己吗？ 6. laugh 【词不离句】Be good at telling jokes to make you laugh(P7) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 laugh v.笑，发笑 laughter n.笑声 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 laugh at 嘲笑……，因……发笑 laugh loudly 大声笑 burst into laughter =burst out laughing 突然大笑起来，爆发出笑声，哄堂大笑 It’s not polite to laugh at others.嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。 She laughed loudly when she saw the funny picture.看到那张有趣的图片时大声笑了。 I could not help but burst into laughter/burst out laughing.我忍不住大笑了起来。 7. thought 【词不离句】Thank you for sharing your thoughts, class.(P7) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 thought n.主意，想法 (注：与think的过去式、过去分词同形) think v.思考；认为 thoughtful adj. 体贴的；深思的 thoughtfully ad.体贴地 thoughtless adj. 轻率的；欠考虑的 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 have a(good)thought 有个(好)主意/想法 注：have a good idea share thoughts about ...(with sb.) (与某人)分享对……的想法 ... thought about ... ……对……的想法 no thoughts of one’s own 没有自己的想法 I have a good thought/idea.我有个好主意。 I’m very glad to have this chance to share my thoughts about environmental pollution with you.我很高兴能有这个机会来跟大家分享我对环境污染的想法。 What’s your thought about this plan?你对这个计划有什么想法？ He seems to have no thoughts of his own.=He doesn’t seem to have his own thoughts. 他似乎没有自己的想法。 8. patient 【词不离句】She is patient enough to listen to me and understands me quite well.(P8) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 patient adj.有耐心的 patience n.耐心 patiently adv.耐心地 impatient adj.不耐烦的 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 be patient with sb.=have patience with sb. 对某人有耐心 have enough patience to do sth. have the patience to do sth. have patince in doing sth. 有足够的耐心做某事 有耐心做某事 有耐心做某事 Teachers need to be patient with/have patience with young students. 老师需要对小学生有耐心。 However, not all of these younger people have enough patience to teach the elderly. 然而，并非所有这些年轻人都有足够的耐心来教老人。 He worried that young men wouldn’t have the patience to learn.  他担心年轻人没有耐心学习。  You need to have patience in doing this kind of work. 做这种工作你需要有耐心。 9. understand 【词不离句】She is patient enough to listen to me and understands me quite well.(P8) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 understand v.理解 understanding n.理解；谅解 adj.善解人意的 misunderstand v.误解 misunderstanding n.误解 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 come to understand “逐渐理解；开始明白”，强调经过一个过程，慢慢地、逐步地达到理解的状态，往往带有一种从原本不太理解到后来理解了的变化过程。 还可以理解为：意识到=realize。 a big misunderstanding 一个大大的/很大的误会 After listening to his explanation several times, I came to understand what he meant. 在听了他的解释好几次之后，我逐渐明白了他的意思。 When he came to understand(=realized)that he went into the wrong direction, it was too late. 当他意识到自己走错了方向时，已经太晚了。 It may be a big misunderstanding.=Maybe it is a big misunderstanding. 这可能是一个大大的/很大的误会。 10. bit 【词不离句】They make him look a little bit funny.(P9) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 bit n.小量 a little bit 有点儿 ②拓展延伸 对比项 a little a bit 修饰形容词/副词 可直接修饰(原级/比较级) It's a little cold.有点冷。 She’s a little taller than me. 她比我高一点。 可直接修饰(原级/比较级) He’s a bit tired.他有点累。 This is a bit easier. 这个稍简单些。 修饰不可数名词 直接修饰： I need a little sugar.我需要点糖。 需加“of”： She ate a bit of cake. 她吃了点蛋糕。 否定句含义 not a little=非常、很(强调程度) She was not a little surprised. 她非常惊讶。 not a bit =一点也不(完全否定) I'm not a bit hungry. 我一点也不饿。 固定搭配 a little bit =稍微(比“a little”程度更弱) It’s a little bit too expensive. 有点太贵了。 a bit of a +名词 =有点……的(强调轻微特质) He's a bit of a perfectionist. 他有点完美主义。 little by little与bit by bit little by little：更适合描述自然、持续性的变化(如成长、天气、情绪等)。 The weather is getting warmer little by little.天气渐渐变暖了。 He recovered little by little after the illness.病后他逐渐康复。 bit by bit：更适合描述人为、阶段性的动作(如拼凑、收集、解决问题等)。 Bit by bit, they saved enough money for a house.他们一点点攒够了买房的钱。 She solved the problem bit by bit.她一步步解决了问题。 类例：one by one一个接一个；side by side肩并肩地，并排地；step by step一步步地。 11. bored 【词不离句】You will never feel bored with him around.(P9) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 bored adj.厌倦的，烦闷的 bore v.使厌倦 boring adj.令人厌倦的 boredom n.厌倦 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 be bored with 对……感到厌倦/厌烦 become/get/feelbored 变得/感到/觉得无聊 He is bored with his job.他对他的工作感到厌倦。 I feel bored when I have nothing to do.我无事可做时会觉得无聊。 12. active 【词不离句】He stays active from doing sports to other10 club activities and never seems to get tired. (P9) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 active adj.积极的，活跃的 activity n.活动 actively adv.积极地 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 take an active part in 积极参加 He takes an active part in sports.他积极参加体育运动。 13. encourage 【词不离句】Sometimes I feel like giving up on difficult tasks, but he always15 encourages me to keep trying.(P9) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 encourage v.鼓励 encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的 encouraged adj.令人鼓舞的，受到鼓舞的 encouragement n.鼓励 discourage v.使气馁，使打消 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 My teacher encouraged me to join the singing competition.老师鼓励我参加歌唱比赛。 14. believe 【词不离句】I believe we will be best friends for life.(P9) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 believe v.相信 believable adj.可信的 unbelievable adj.难以置信的 belief n.信念 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 believe in 相信，信任(=trust) 注意：believe sb.相信某人(所说的话) Do you believe in ghosts?你相信有鬼吗？ I believe him.我相信他。 15. however 【词不离句】However, Simon is kind enough to give me many useful tips.(P14) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 however adv.然而 注意：however在句中的位置(句首、句中和句尾) Nanjing isn’t so large as Shanghai. However, it’s the second largest city in East China. 南京不像上海那样大。但是，它是华东地区的第二大城市。 Sometimes, however, the woman’s last name and the man’s last name are joined together. 然而，有时女人的姓氏和男人的姓氏是连在一起的。 —In February, it is so cold in Harbin.二月，哈尔滨好冷。 —That’s true. We learned in geography class yesterday that it is usually warm in Hainan this month, however.确实如此。然而，我们昨天在地理课上学到海南这个月通常很暖和。 ②拓展延伸 however与no matter how都可用于引导让步状语从句 however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语  However/No matter how cold it is, he goes swimming.无论天气多冷，他都去游泳。 However/No matter how fast he runs, he can’t catch the bus.无论他跑多快，他都未能赶上那趟公交车。 no matter how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语  however+主语+谓语(省略形容词/副词) However the problem is solved, we’ll be satisfied.无论问题如何解决，我们都会满意的。 16. scared 【词不离句】They were very scared.(P15) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 scared adj.害怕，恐惧 scaring adj.令/让人害怕的 scare v.使害怕；恐吓 scary adj.可怕的；恐怖的；吓人的 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 scare...away/off 把……吓跑 scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事 be scared to death 吓得要死 be scared to do sth./of doing sth. 害怕/不敢做某事 be scared of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某事 The loud noise scared away/off those cute little animals. 巨大的噪音吓跑了那些可爱的小动物被。 Those naughty children were scared into telling the truth. 那些淘气的孩子被吓得说出了真相。 All of us were scared to death when we found the ground was shaking. 当我们发现地面在摇晃时，我们都吓得要死。 The moment my father arrived home, I bowed my head timidly and was scared to look/was scared of looking at his face.父亲一回到家，我就胆怯地低着头，不敢看他的脸。 17. fight 【词不离句】 He knew he couldn’t fight the bear alone, so he lay down on the ground.(P15) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 fight v.搏斗，打斗，为……斗争 fighting adj.战斗的，加油 fighter n.战士；拳击手 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 have a fight with=fight with 与……打架/斗争/争吵/争论 fight against 与……斗争/抗争 fight for 为……而斗争 fight back 反击 fight over 为……而打架 in the fight for 在为……而斗争中 fight about/with sth. 为某事而争论/争吵 fight with A against B 与A并肩与B斗争/打仗 Tom had a fight with his classmate yesterday.汤姆昨天和同学打架了。 Don’t fight with your brother; solve problems peacefully.别和弟弟打架，和平解决问题。 They fought against the enemy bravely.他们勇敢地与敌人搏斗。 The soldiers fought back bravely when the enemy attacked. 敌人进攻时，士兵们勇敢地反击。 He is fighting for his rights.他在为自己的权利而斗争。 The two boys fought over a toy.两个男孩为了一个玩具打架。 Many heroes died in the fight for peace.许多英雄在为和平的斗争中牺牲。 The twins always fight about/with toys.这对双胞胎总是为玩具争吵。 The villagers fought with the police against the wildfire.村民们和警察一起对抗野火。 18. danger 【词不离句】It said a true friend should not leave you in times of danger.(P15) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 danger n.危险 endanger v.危及；使遭受危险 dangerous adj.危险的 dangerously adv.危险地 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 a great danger 一种巨大的危险 in danger(of ...) 处于(……的)危险中 out of danger 脱离危险 stay away from danger 远离危险 Fire can be a great danger.火可能是一种巨大的危险。 If a bear is in danger, it attacks people.如果熊处在危险中，它就会攻击人。 The animal is in danger of extinction.这种动物处于灭绝的危险中。 The operation was a success and the patient was out of danger.手术成功，病人脱离了危险。 We must stay away from danger.我们必须远离危险。 19. once 【词不离句】Once you are friends, there are some easy ways to make sure your friendship lasts.(P16) Once I had a sleepless night because I was worried about a volleyball game.(P14) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 once conj.一……就，一旦 once n.&adv.一次；一回 twice n.&adv.两次；两回 ②拓展延伸 once用法小结 用法 例句 用作名词，意为 “一次；一回”； 搭配：at once立刻，马上；all at once突然。 Do it just this once.就做这一次。 She says she must speak with you at once 她说她必须立刻跟你谈谈。 All at once there was someone knocking on the door.忽然有人敲门。 用作副词，意为“一次”；意为“曾经；一度”(常用于描述过去的经历或状态，与现在形成对比)； 搭配：once a day/week/month/year每天/周/月/ 年一次。 She only sees her parents once every six months.她每半年才探望一次父母。 He once worked as a teacher. 他曾经是一名教师。 I visit my grandparents once a week. 我每周去看望祖父母一次。 用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为 “一……就，一旦”。 Once you start, you should finish it. 一旦开始，你就应该完成它。 Once it rains, we will stay at home. 一旦下雨，我们就待在家里。 用于短语：once upon a time意为 “从前” 相当于long long ago。 Once upon a time, in a village lived a poor old man.从前，在一个村子里住着一位贫穷的老人。 二、重点句型 1. do you think做插入语的句型 【原句呈现】What do you think makes good friends, boys and girls? (P7, Part B) 孩子们，你们认为什么样的人才是好朋友呢? 【句型解读】句中的 do you think是插入语，表示“你认为”，其后成分采用陈述句语序。实际上相当于 使do you think与一个特殊疑问句合成后的句子，合成后特殊疑问句应用陈述句语序。 例句：①Who do you think is right?你认为谁是对的? ②‌What time do you think the movie will start?你认为电影几点开始？  ③‌Where do you think we should go this weekend?你认为我们周末该去哪儿？ ④‌How difficult do you think this math problem is?你认为这道数学题有多难？ ⑤‌Why do you think he was absent yesterday?你认为他昨天为什么缺席？ ⑥‌Which book do you think is more interesting?你认为哪本书更有趣？ 2. with 复合结构 【原句呈现】You will never feel bored with him around.(P9, Lines 6-7)有他在身边，你永远不会觉得无聊。 【句型解读】①句中的 with him around是 with 的复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，在句中做伴随状语。 ②该结构中，能够充当宾语补足语的有：形容词(短语)、副词(短语)、介词短语、非谓语动词(短语)(不定式、现在分词和过去分词)。 例句：①He used to sleep with the window open.他过去常常开着窗子睡觉。 Don’t talk with your mouth full of food.不要嘴里塞满食物说话。 ② He was asleep with the light on.他睡着了，灯还亮着。 ③She walked towards me with tears in her eyes.她满眼含泪，朝我走来。 ④I have no time to go out with a lot of work to do.有这么多工作要做，我没有时间出去。 ⑤With so many people helping us, we finished the work on time. 有这么多人帮忙，我们按时完成了任务。 ⑥With the key lost, he can’t get into the office.钥匙丢了，他进不了办公室。 3. the more ..., the more ...句型 【原句呈现】I think the more firends you have, the better.(P17, Part C)我认为朋友越多越好。 【句型解读】①该句用了“the+比较级，the+比较级”的句型，通常被称之为“the more ..., the more ...句型”，意为“(……)越……，(……)(就)越……”，表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。 ②该句型变形较为复杂，我们将在语法篇详细讲解。 例句：①I think the more water you drink, the better.我认为你喝水越多，就越好。 ② The longer the war lasts, the more the people there will suffer. 战争持续越久，那里的人们受难就越多。 ③The more, the better.多多益善。 ④The sooner, the better.越早越好。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Friendship 词汇篇&句型篇 重点词汇 Group 1 用friend的恰当形式填空 1. He is a really ________ person to make ________ with. 2. I will never forget the four-year school life and the ________ between the classmates. 完成句子 3. 如果我们互相学习理解，我们会建立更强的友谊。 If we learn __________________, we will _______________________. 4. 我们应该加深两国人民之间的友谊。 We should ___________________________ the peoples of the two countries. 5. 我们应该珍惜我们之间的友谊。它是一生的财富。 We should _________________________ us. It’s a treasure in lifetime. Group 2 用honest的恰当形式填空 1. Thank you for being so ________ with me. 2. We should communicate with our family members openly and ________. 3. Jack is ________. He always makes up some excuses for doing something wrong. 4. I regret to tell you that you are fired for ________. 完成句子 5. 儿童节那天，杰克因为做一个诚实的男孩而得到了奖品。 On Children’s Day, Jack _______________________. 6. 说实话，我认为这是我看过的最好的电影。 ____________________________, I think it is the best movie I have even watched. 7. “你对友谊有什么看法？”“我认为友谊不仅仅是玩乐，还包括爱、诚实和信任。” —What’s your opinion on friendships? —I think __________________ about having fun, ___________________________________. 8. 由于这次夏令营的经历，他学会了对他人诚实。 Thanks to this camp experience, he _______________________. Group 3 用cheer的恰当形式填空 1. She remains ________ even when facing difficulties. 2. She greeted him ________. 3. Our friends have a look of ________. 填上恰当的词(每空一词) 4. Nobody can help you, you need to ________ ________! 5. The bad news made everyone feel sad. Let’s do something to ________ them ________. 完成句子 6. 她对自己的考试成绩相当乐观，尽管她知道她做得不是很好。 ___________________________ her exam results, although she knows she hasn’t done very well. 7. 尽管有挑战，她对新项目的态度听起来很乐观 Despite the challenges, __________________________ the new project. Group 4 用humour的恰当形式填空 1. Your friend Steven is very ________. 2. I like the actor who plays ________ and makes me laugh. 完成句子 3. 天津人以他们的幽默感和悠闲的生活方式而闻名。 People in Tianjin are well-known for ____________________________ lifestyle. 4. 许多人喜欢他介绍名胜古迹的幽默风格。 Many people like _________________________________________.  5. 父母应从小鼓励孩子培养幽默感。 Parents should ______________________________________ from a young age. Group 5 用care的恰当形式填空 1. She is a ________ sister who always helps me with homework. 2. It is so ________ of him to leave his homework at home again. 3. Our parents often tell us we can’t be too ________ on the road because a moment’s ________ may cause big accidents. 4. Cathy checked her paper ________ enough so that she could get good grades this time . 5. Someone had ________‌ left a window open. 填上恰当的词(每空一词) 6. —The old man can’t see anything. He is blind. Let’s help him. —That’s for sure. We should ________ ________ the disabled. 7. —Thanks for helping me to ________ ________ of my little brother. —My pleasure. 8. She could tell he didn’t ________ ________‌ her feelings. 完成句子 9. 请小心对待我的新铅笔盒，那是我妈妈送的礼物。 Please __________________ my new pencil case. It’s a gift from my mom. 10. 露西画地理作业地图时很细心。 Lucy ____________________________ for her geography homework. 11. 汤姆上学前仔细检查了书包。 Tom _______________________‌ his schoolbag before going to school. Group 6 完成句子 1. 这个笑话太有趣了，房间里的每个人都笑了起来。 The joke was so funny that _________________________________. 2. 我剪了这个发型看起来很愚蠢，所有的同学都会嘲笑我。 I look stupid with this haircut. All my classmates ____________________. 3.“地铁上有很多人在大声地说笑。”“是的。太吵了。我受不了了。” —So many people ___________________________ on the subway. —Yes. It is too noisy. I can’t stand it. Group 7 用think的恰当形式填空 1. I ________ he was from France, but he’s actually from Switzerland. 2. Some students are going to share their ________ about school rules tomorrow. 3. —Rose closed the door softly because her baby brother had just fallen asleep. —She is always a ________ sister. 4. My mom prepared a birthday gift for me ________. 5. His ________ actions often get him into trouble at school. 完成句子 6. 我有个想法：或许这周末去徒步。 ______________________: maybe we can go hiking this weekend. 7. 这就像他在与树木和风交谈，分享他对家的想法。 It was like he was talking to the trees and winds, _____________________. 8. 现代世界仍然受到他的生活思想的影响。 The modern world is still influenced by ________________________. 9. 他总是和朋友们在每件事上意见一致。事实上，他没有自己的想法。 He always agrees with his friends about everything. In fact he _________________________. Group 8 用patient的恰当形式填空 1. You always had enough ________ with me. 2. The teacher ________ explained the difficult math problem to the students. 3. The ________ customer shouted at the waiter. 完成句子 4. “他有能力自己完成这项工作。”“我同意，但是他没有足够的耐心和别人一起工作。” —He has the ability to complete the work himself. —I agree, but he doesn’t _______________________________. 5. 只有有耐心圆满完成简单工作的人，才能够轻而易举地完成困难的事。 Only those who _____________________________ perfectly ever get the skill to do difficult things easily. Group 9 用understang的恰当形式填空 1. It’s also very important ________ how to communicate with other people effectively. 2. —Why do you like reading, Amy? —Because I can not only get lots of knowledge but also form my own ________. 3. After hearing the good thing Joe did, we felt very sorry because of our ________. 4. Although your mom ________ you sometimes, you shouldn’t talk back to her. 完成句子 5. 随着时间推移，她开始明白了努力工作的重要性。 As time went by, she ________________________________ hard work. 6. “我被告知汤姆被指控偷了店里的珠宝。”“这只是个误会。事实上，他和这个案子没有任何关系。” —I was told that Tom was charged with stealing the jewelry from the shop. —__________________________. In fact, he had nothing to do with the case. Group 10 单项选择题 1. —What does your mother look like? —She is ________ tall and has long straight hair. A. a bit of B. a little of C. a lot of D. a bit 2. I feel ________ tired, so I want to drink ________tea. A. a bit of, a bit B. a little bit, a bit of C. a bit, a little of D. a bit little, a bit 3. ________ days later, we still felt ________ cold outside after it snowed A. A bit of, a little B. A few, a bit of C. A little, a bit of D. A few, a bit 4. Can you give me ________ water? I feel ________thirsty. A. a little of , a bit B. a bit of, a little C. a bit, a little D. a few, a bit 5. It’s a good choice to go to school by bike, but it’s _________ dangerous. A. a bit B. a few C. a bit of D. a lot of 从方框内选择恰当的词填空(每词限用一次) little by little bit by bit one by one step by step side by side 6. The teacher told the students to come up _____________ to receive their awards. 7. They will take that problem apart and work it out _____________. 8. —Mike, could you help me with this math problem? I don’t understand it. —Of course. I can explain it to you _____________. 9. The river is wide enough for five boats to sail _____________. 10. After working hard _____________ for a long time, Tu Youyou successfully won the Nobel Prize in her seventies. Group 11 用bore的恰当形式填空 1. The boring game ________ the players after a while. 2. Neither my friend nor I am tired of this work although it is a bit ________. 3. We were ________ waiting for the bus, so we started chatting. 4. The ________ of doing the same thing every day made him want to change his job. 完成句子 5. 她对一直做家务感到厌烦。 She ____________________________ all the time. 6. 当我独自待在家里时，很容易感到无聊。 I __________________ when I stay at home alone. Group 12 完成句子 1. “你认识Sally吗？”“认识，她是一个活泼的女孩并且喜欢打排球。” —Do you know Sally? —Yes, she ______________________________________. 2. 像野餐和放风筝之类的户外活动在孩子们中很受欢迎。 ____________________, such as picnicking and flying kites, _____________________ kids. 3. 她正在积极地找一份新工作，因为她想有所改变。 She ____________________________ because she wants a change. 4. 年轻人应该积极参加志愿工作，帮助那些有需要的人。 The young should ______________________________ to help those in need. Group 13 用encourage的恰当形式填空 1. The teacher gave us an ________ smile when we did well on the test. 2. She felt ________ after talking to her teacher. 3. ________ is very important for a child's growth. 4. The bad weather ________ us from going on a picnic. 完成句子 5. 老师们应该鼓励学生在课堂上提问。 Teachers should _______________________________ in class. 6. 她的朋友们鼓励她参加歌唱比赛。 Her friends ___________________________ the singing competition. Group 14 用believe的恰当形式填空 1. Her excuse for being late didn’t sound ________ at all. 2. The view from the top of the mountain was ________. It was so beautiful. 3. She has a strong ________ in the power of friendship. 完成句子 4. 她对鬼(ghosts)的相信使她晚上很害怕。 Her ______________________________________. 5. 我们应该相信自己和我们的能力。 We should _______________________________. Group 15 完成句子 1. 这道数学题很难，然而，我解出来了。 The math problem was hard and ________________________. 2. 然而，无论鲍勃怎么努力，石头仍然在那里。石头就是不动。 ____________________________________, the stone remained there. The stone didn’t move. 3. 然而有时候，最简单的想法却是最好的。 ______________________________ are the best. 4. 无论问题多难，都不要放弃。继续尝试，你会找到方法的。 __________________________, don’t give up. Keep trying and you’ll find a way. 5. 吉姆要学游泳，不管花多少钱。 Jim will learn swimming, _________________________. Group 16 单项选择题 1. The tigers in the zoo are really ________. When I see them, I will be too ________ to move. A. scary, scary B. scary, scared C. scared, scared D. scared, scary 2. To our _________, almost everyone _________ snakes except him. He says snakes are his friends. A. surprise, are scared of B. surprises, isn’t scared of C. surprise, is scared of D. surprises, aren’t scared of 3. Tigers are ________ animals. We should be careful when we see them. A. friendly B. scary C. interesting D. cute 4. The ______ dog made the little girl cry. A. scaring B. scared C. scares D. scare 完成句子 5. 巨大的声响把鸟儿从花园里吓跑了。 The loud noise ________________________ the garden. 6. 老师警告学生考试很难，吓得他们更用功学习。 The teacher by ___________________________ warning them about the difficult exam. 7. 她看到枕头上爬着一只蜘蛛，吓得半死。 She ________________________ when she saw a spider crawling on her pillow. 8. 他害怕在深海游泳，因为怕鲨鱼。 He ______________________________ in the deep ocean because of sharks. 9. 小男孩很怕那位严厉的数学老师。 The little boy ______________________________. 10.很多人害怕黑暗。 Many people __________________________. Group 17 用fight的恰当形式填空 1. The team has a strong ________ spirit. 2. The fire ________ rushed into the burning building to save people without hesitation. 单项选择题 3. They help fight ________ the air pollution. A. for B. to C. in D. against 4. The two dogs are fighting ________ the bones ________ each other. A. with, with B. at, with C. for, with D. with, for 5. The two cats ______ the fish. Then a third cat comes and runs away with the fish. A. fight against B. fight for C. fight with D. fight back Group 18 用danger的恰当形式填空 1. Be careful with hot water, or something ________ may happen to you. 2. Smoking can ________ your health. 3. The car was driving ________ fast on the wet road. 完成句子 4. 对孩子来说，玩火柴(matches)是一大危险。 Playing with matches _________________________. 5. 这只小鸟有从巢里掉下来的危险。 The little bird ___________________________ the nest. 6. 由于气候变化，许多动物处于危险之中。  __________________________ because of climate change. 7. 手术后，病人终于脱离危险了。 After the operation, _______________________________. 8. 家长告诉孩子在外面玩时要远离危险。 Parents tell their kids __________________________ when playing outside. Group 19 完成句子 1. 我父亲曾经给我讲过一个关于他童年的有趣故事。 My father ____________________________ about his childhood. 2. “你放学后隔多久打一次篮球？”“一周两次。挺有趣的。” —_______________ do you play basketball after school? —________________. It’s interesting. 3. 突然，灯熄灭了，所有人都很害怕。 _____________, the lights went out and _______________________. 4. 我们必须马上出发去学校，否则会迟到。 We must ___________________, or we’ll be late. 5. 我这次就破例把自行车借给你。 I’ll make an exception and ______________________. 6. ‌一旦你到达公园，立刻给我打电话。 _______________________, call me ____________________. 7. 从前，在宫殿里有一个皇帝。他有一个诚实的儿子。 _________________, there was an emperor in the palace. He had _________________. 重点句型 句型仿写 1. 你认为这道数学题有多难？ _______________________ this math problem is? 2. 你认为他昨天为什么缺席？ _______________________ he was absent yesterday? 3. 你认为哪本书更有趣？ _______________________ is more interesting? 4. 你认为电影几点开始？ ______________________ the movie will start? 5. 你认为我们周末该去哪儿？ _______________________ we should go this weekend? 6. 我喜欢开窗睡觉。 I like to sleep _______________________. 7. 男孩低着头，站在那里。 The boy stood there _______________________. 8. 老师走进了教室，手里拿着本书。 The teacher walked into the classroom _______________________. 9. 他还有很多工作要做，不能和朋友们去看电影。 _______________________, he can’t go to the movies with friends. 10. 没有人可以交谈，Frank觉得很难过。 _______________________, Frank felt sad. 11. 布莱克先生一进入房间，每个人都闭上了嘴，保持安静。 ___________________________, everyone shut up and kept quiet. 12. 有当地的向导带路，我们很容易就到了那里。 _______________________, we got there easily. 13.作业做完了，她觉得轻松了。 She felt relaxed _______________________. 14. 我认为你锻炼得越多，就越好。 I think that _______________________ you do, ____________. 15. 你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。 I believe that _______________________, _______________________ s you will make. 第 1 页 共 9 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Friendship 词汇篇&句型篇 一、重点词汇 1. friendship 【词不离句】Friendship is an important part of our lives.(P6) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 friendship n.朋友 adj.友好的 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 build friendship deepen friendship value/build/deepen the friendship between ... We should work hard to ____________________.我们应努力建立长期友谊。 Podareva wants to create a website in Russia to help ________________________________. Podareva希望在俄罗斯创建一个网站有助于深化中俄间的友谊。 【学以致用】见“练”一本(以下同) 2. honest 【词不离句】honest(a. Tell the truth)/They should also be honest.(P7) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 honest adv.诚实地 n.诚实 n.不诚实 adj.不诚实的 不诚实地 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 be honest with sb to be honest(with you) You should always ____________________ your friends.你应该永远对朋友诚实。 ____________________, I don’t like this movie.说实话，我不喜欢这部电影。 3. cheerful 【词不离句】cheerful(b. Be happy)(P7) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 cheerful n.快乐，高兴 v.欢呼；使高兴 adv.快乐地 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 cheer ... up cheer up be cheerful about sound cheerful about You always know how to ___________.你总是知道怎么为我加油打气。 Please don’t wear a long face, __________!不要愁眉苦脸，振作起来。 Jack ____________________ the idea.杰克听上去好像对这个想法很高兴。 4. humorous 【词不离句】humorous(d. Be good at telling jokes to make you laugh)(P7) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 humorous (=AmE ) n.幽默 adv.幽默地 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 a sense of humour develop a sense of humor a humorous style My father has____________________ and he often makes us laugh. 我爸爸很有幽默感/幽默风趣，他经常让我们发笑。 Reading funny books can help you ____________________. 阅读幽默书籍有助于培养幽默感。 His ____________________ has earned him love and respect from students throughout his 30-year career.他幽默的教学风格在他30年的职业生涯中赢得了学生的喜爱和尊重。 5. caring 【词不离句】careing(c. Listen to you when you have problems)(P7) Well, I think good friends should be kind and caring.(P8) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 caring v./n.关心；照顾 adj.粗心的 adv.粗心地 adj.小心的 adv.小心地 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 be careful with 小心 be careful in doing sth. be careful to do sth. care for care about take(good)care of Please ____________________ your things.请小心保管你的东西。 He ____________________ every sentence.他小心翼翼地读每一个句子。 Nowadays schools should ____________ the full development of a student’s talents. 现在学校应该关注学生才能的全面发展。 It seems that you don’t ___________ your son’s grades at school. 看起来你并不关心你儿子在学校的成绩。 Can Andy ___________________ him/____________ him ______?安迪能照顾好自己吗？ 6. laugh 【词不离句】Be good at telling jokes to make you laugh(P7) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 laugh n.笑声 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 laugh at laugh loudly burst into laughter =burst out laughing It’s not polite to __________ others.嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。 She ____________ when she saw the funny picture.看到那张有趣的图片时大声笑了。 I could not help but _____________________________.我忍不住大笑了起来。 7. thought 【词不离句】Thank you for sharing your thoughts, class.(P7) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 thought (注：与_____的过去式、过去分词同形) v.思考；认为 体贴的；深思的 ad.体贴地 轻率的；欠考虑的 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 have a(good)thought share thoughts about ...(with sb.) ... thought about ... no thoughts of one’s own I ____________________.我有个好主意。 I’m very glad to have this chance to __________________ environmental pollution _____ you.我很高兴能有这个机会来跟大家分享我对环境污染的想法。 What’s your ________________ this plan?你对这个计划有什么想法？ He seems to ____________________.=He ____________________. 他似乎没有自己的想法。 8. patient 【词不离句】She is patient enough to listen to me and understands me quite well.(P8) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 patient n.耐心 adv.耐心地 adj.不耐烦的 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 be patient with sb.=have patience with sb. have enough patience to do sth. have the patience to do sth. have patince in doing sth. Teachers need to ____________________ young students. 老师需要对小学生有耐心。 However, not all of these younger people ____________________ the elderly. 然而，并非所有这些年轻人都有足够的耐心来教老人。 He worried that young men wouldn’t ____________________.  他担心年轻人没有耐心学习。  You need to ____________________ this kind of work. 做这种工作你需要有耐心。 9. understand 【词不离句】She is patient enough to listen to me and understands me quite well.(P8) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 understand n.理解；谅解 adj.善解人意的 v.误解 n.误解 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 come to understand “逐渐理解；开始明白”，强调经过一个过程，慢慢地、逐步地达到理解的状态，往往带有一种从原本不太理解到后来理解了的变化过程。 还可以理解为：意识到=realize。 a big misunderstanding After listening to his explanation several times, I ____________________ what he meant. 在听了他的解释好几次之后，我逐渐明白了他的意思。 When he ____________________ that he went into the wrong direction, it was too late. 当他意识到自己走错了方向时，已经太晚了。 It may be ____________________.=Maybe it is ____________________. 这可能是一个大大的/很大的误会。 10. bit 【词不离句】They make him look a little bit funny.(P9) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 bit 有点儿 ②拓展延伸 对比项 a little a bit 修饰形容词/副词 可直接修饰(原级/比较级) It's a little cold. She’s a little taller than me. 可直接修饰(原级/比较级) He’s a bit tired. This is a bit easier. 修饰不可数名词 直接修饰： I need a little sugar. 需加“of”： She ate a bit of cake. 否定句含义 not a little=非常、很(强调程度) She was not a little surprised. not a bit =一点也不(完全否定) I'm not a bit hungry. 固定搭配 a little bit =稍微(比“a little”程度更弱) It’s a little bit too expensive. a bit of a +名词 =有点……的(强调轻微特质) He's a bit of a perfectionist. little by little与bit by bit little by little：更适合描述自然、持续性的变化(如成长、天气、情绪等)。 The weather is getting warmer little by little.天气渐渐变暖了。 He recovered little by little after the illness.病后他逐渐康复。 bit by bit：更适合描述人为、阶段性的动作(如拼凑、收集、解决问题等)。 Bit by bit, they saved enough money for a house.他们一点点攒够了买房的钱。 She solved the problem bit by bit.她一步步解决了问题。 类例：_________一个接一个；_________肩并肩地，并排地；_________一步步地。 11. bored 【词不离句】You will never feel bored with him around.(P9) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 bored v.使厌倦 adj.令人厌倦的 n.厌倦 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 be bored with become/get/feelbored He _____________ his job.他对他的工作感到厌倦。 I ____________ when I have nothing to do.我无事可做时会觉得无聊。 12. active 【词不离句】He stays active from doing sports to other10 club activities and never seems to get tired. (P9) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 active n.活动 adv.积极地 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 take an active part in He ____________________ sports.他积极参加体育运动。 13. encourage 【词不离句】Sometimes I feel like giving up on difficult tasks, but he always15 encourages me to keep trying.(P9) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 encourage adj.鼓舞人心的 adj.令人鼓舞的，受到鼓舞的 n.鼓励 v.使气馁，使打消 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 encourage sb. to do sth. My teacher ____________________ the singing competition.老师鼓励我参加歌唱比赛。 14. believe 【词不离句】I believe we will be best friends for life.(P9) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 believe adj.可信的 adj.难以置信的 n.信念 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 believe in 注意：believe sb.相信某人(所说的话) Do you _____________ ghosts?你相信有鬼吗？ I ____________ him.我相信他。 15. however 【词不离句】However, Simon is kind enough to give me many useful tips.(P14) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 however 注意：however在句中的位置(句首、句中和句尾) Nanjing isn’t so large as Shanghai. However, it’s the second largest city in East China. Sometimes, however, the woman’s last name and the man’s last name are joined together. —In February, it is so cold in Harbin.二月，哈尔滨好冷。 —That’s true. We learned in geography class yesterday that it is usually warm in Hainan this month, however. ②拓展延伸 however与no matter how都可用于引导让步状语从句 however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语  ____________________ it is, he goes swimming.无论天气多冷，他都去游泳。 ____________________ he runs, he can’t catch the bus.无论他跑多快，他都未能赶上那趟公交车。 no matter how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语  however+主语+谓语(省略形容词/副词) __________________, we’ll be satisfied.无论如何解决问题，我们都会满意的。 16. scared 【词不离句】They were very scared.(P15) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 scared adj.令/让人害怕的 v.使害怕；恐吓 adj.可怕的；恐怖的；吓人的 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 scare...away/off scare sb. into doing sth. be scared to death be scared to do sth./of doing sth. be scared of sb./sth. The loud noise ____________________ those cute little animals. 巨大的噪音吓跑了那些可爱的小动物被。 Those naughty children ____________________ the truth. 那些淘气的孩子被吓得说出了真相。 All of us ____________________ when we found the ground was shaking. 当我们发现地面在摇晃时，我们都吓得要死。 The moment my father arrived home, I bowed my head timidly and ____________________ at his face.父亲一回到家，我就胆怯地低着头，不敢看他的脸。 17. fight 【词不离句】 He knew he couldn’t fight the bear alone, so he lay down on the ground.(P15) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 fight adj.战斗的，加油 n.战士；拳击手 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 have a fight with=fight with fight against fight for fight back fight over in the fight for fight about/with sth. fight with A against B Tom ________________ his classmate yesterday.汤姆昨天和同学打架了。 Don’t ___________ your brother; solve problems peacefully.别和弟弟打架，和平解决问题。 They ____________ the enemy bravely.他们勇敢地与敌人搏斗。 The soldiers _____________ bravely when the enemy attacked. 敌人进攻时，士兵们勇敢地反击。 He ____________________ his rights.他在为自己的权利而斗争。 The two boys _____________ a toy.两个男孩为了一个玩具打架。 Many heroes died ____________________ peace.许多英雄在为和平的斗争中牺牲。 The twins always _______________ toys.这对双胞胎总是为玩具争吵。 The villagers ____________ the police _______ the wildfire.村民们和警察一起对抗野火。 18. danger 【词不离句】It said a true friend should not leave you in times of danger.(P15) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 danger v.危及；使遭受危险 adj.危险的 adv.危险地 ②拓展延伸 英语 汉语 a great danger in danger(of ...) out of danger stay away from danger Fire can be ____________________.火可能是一种巨大的危险。 If a bear is ______________, it attacks people.如果熊处在危险中，它就会攻击人。 The animal is ____________ extinction.这种动物处于灭绝的危险中。 The operation was a success and the patient was ___________.手术成功，病人脱离了危险。 We must ____________________.我们必须远离危险。 19. once 【词不离句】Once you are friends, there are some easy ways to make sure your friendship lasts.(P16) Once I had a sleepless night because I was worried about a volleyball game.(P14) 【导学活动】 ①夯实基础 英语 汉语 once once twice ②拓展延伸 once用法小结 用法 例句 用作名词，意为 “一次；一回”； 搭配：at once立刻，马上；all at once突然。 Do it just _______.就做这一次。 She says she must speak with you ________ 她说她必须立刻跟你谈谈。 _________ there was someone knocking on the door.忽然有人敲门。 用作副词，意为“一次”；意为“曾经；一度”(常用于描述过去的经历或状态，与现在形成对比)； 搭配：once a day/week/month/year每天/周/月/ 年一次。 She only sees her parents once every six months. He once worked as a teacher. I visit my grandparents once a week. 用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为 “一……就，一旦”。 ________________, you should finish it. 一旦开始，你就应该完成它。 _______________, we will stay at home. 一旦下雨，我们就待在家里。 用于短语：once upon a time意为 “从前” 相当于long long ago。 ____________________, in a village lived a poor old man.从前，在一个村子里住着一位贫穷的老人。 二、重点句型 1. do you think做插入语的句型 【原句呈现】What do you think makes good friends, boys and girls? (P7, Part B) 孩子们，你们认为什么样的人才是好朋友呢? 【句型解读】句中的 do you think是插入语，表示“你认为”，其后成分采用陈述句语序。实际上相当于 使do you think与一个特殊疑问句合成后的句子，合成后特殊疑问句应用陈述句语序。 例句：①Who do you think is right?你认为谁是对的? ②‌What time do you think the movie will start?  ③‌Where do you think we should go this weekend? ④‌How difficult do you think this math problem is? ⑤‌Why do you think he was absent yesterday? ⑥‌Which book do you think is more interesting? 2. with 复合结构 【原句呈现】You will never feel bored with him around.(P9, Lines 6-7)有他在身边，你永远不会觉得无聊。 【句型解读】①句中的 with him around是 with 的复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，在句中做伴随状语。 ②该结构中，能够充当宾语补足语的有：形容词(短语)、副词(短语)、介词短语、非谓语动词(短语)(不定式、现在分词和过去分词)。 例句：①He used to sleep with the window open. Don’t talk with your mouth full of food. ② He was asleep with the light on. ③She walked towards me with tears in her eyes. ④I have no time to go out with a lot of work to do. ⑤With so many people helping us, we finished the work on time. ⑥With the key lost, he can’t get into the office. 3. the more ..., the more ...句型 【原句呈现】I think the more firends you have, the better.(P17, Part C)我认为朋友越多越好。 【句型解读】①该句用了“the+比较级，the+比较级”的句型，通常被称之为“the more ..., the more ...句型”，意为“(……)越……，(……)(就)越……”，表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。 ②该句型变形较为复杂，我们将在语法篇详细讲解。 例句：①I think the more water you drink, the better. ② The longer the war lasts, the more the people there will suffer. ③The more, the better. ④The sooner, the better. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Friendship 词汇篇&句型篇 重点词汇 Group 1 用friend的恰当形式填空 1. He is a really ________ person to make ________ with. 【答案】friendly, friends 【句意】“他真的是一个可以交朋友的友善的人。”“当然，他说没有友谊的话，生活不值得继续。” 2. I will never forget the four-year school life and the ________ between the classmates. 【答案】friendship 【句意】我从来不会忘记四年的校园生活和同学之间的友情。 完成句子 3. 如果我们互相学习理解，我们会建立更强的友谊。 If we learn __________________, we will _______________________. 【答案】Bto understand each other, build a stronger friendship 4. 我们应该加深两国人民之间的友谊。 We should ___________________________ the peoples of the two countries. 【答案】deepen the friendship between 5. 我们应该珍惜我们之间的友谊。它是一生的财富。 We should _________________________ us. It’s a treasure in lifetime. 【答案】value the friendship between Group 2 用honest的恰当形式填空 1. Thank you for being so ________ with me. 【答案】honest 【句意】感谢你对我这么坦诚。 2. We should communicate with our family members openly and ________. 【答案】honestly 【句意】我们应该开诚布公地与家人交流。 3. Jack is ________. He always makes up some excuses for doing something wrong. 【答案】dishonest 【句意】杰克是不诚实的，他总是为错误的事情找一些借口。 4. I regret to tell you that you are fired for ________. 【答案】dishonesty 【句意】我很遗憾地告诉你，你因为不诚实而被解雇了。 完成句子 5. 儿童节那天，杰克因为做一个诚实的男孩而得到了奖品。 On Children’s Day, Jack _______________________. 【答案】received a prize for being an honest boy 6. 说实话，我认为这是我看过的最好的电影。 ____________________________, I think it is the best movie I have even watched. 【答案】To be honest (with you)/To tell(you)the truth 7. “你对友谊有什么看法？”“我认为友谊不仅仅是玩乐，还包括爱、诚实和信任。” —What’s your opinion on friendships? —I think __________________ about having fun, ___________________________________. 【答案】friendships are not only, but also about love, honesty and trust 8. 由于这次夏令营的经历，他学会了对他人诚实。 Thanks to this camp experience, he _______________________. 【答案】learned to be honest with others Group 3 用cheer的恰当形式填空 1. She remains ________ even when facing difficulties. 【答案】cheerful 【句意】她即使面对困难也保持快乐。 2. She greeted him ________. 【答案】cheerfully 【句意】她高高兴兴地和他打招呼。 3. Our friends have a look of ________. 【答案】cheerfulness 【句意】我们的朋友看上去很高兴。 填上恰当的词(每空一词) 4. Nobody can help you, you need to ________ ________! 【答案】cheer up 【句意】没人帮的了你，你必须振作起来。 5. The bad news made everyone feel sad. Let’s do something to ________ them ________. 【答案】cheer, up 【句意】这个坏消息让每个人都感到悲伤。让我们做点什么让他们振作起来。 完成句子 6. 她对自己的考试成绩相当乐观，尽管她知道她做得不是很好。 ___________________________ her exam results, although she knows she hasn’t done very well. 【答案】She is very cheerful about 7. 尽管有挑战，她对新项目的态度听起来很乐观 Despite the challenges, __________________________ the new project. 【答案】she ‌sounded cheerful about‌ Group 4 用humour的恰当形式填空 1. Your friend Steven is very ________. 【答案】humorous 【句意】你的朋友史蒂文很幽默。 2. I like the actor who plays ________ and makes me laugh. 【答案】humorously 【句意】我喜欢那个表演得很幽默，让我发笑的演员。 完成句子 3. 天津人以他们的幽默感和悠闲的生活方式而闻名。 People in Tianjin are well-known for ____________________________ lifestyle. 【答案】their sense of humour and relaxing 4. 许多人喜欢他介绍名胜古迹的幽默风格。 Many people like _________________________________________.  【答案】his humorous style of introducing places of interest 5. 父母应从小鼓励孩子培养幽默感。 Parents should ______________________________________ from a young age. 【答案】encourage their kids to develop a sense of humor Group 5 用care的恰当形式填空 1. She is a ________ sister who always helps me with homework. 【答案】caring 【句意】她是个体贴的姐姐，总帮我做作业。 2. It is so ________ of him to leave his homework at home again. 【答案】careless 【句意】他又把作业忘在家里了，真是太粗心了。 3. Our parents often tell us we can’t be too ________ on the road because a moment’s ________ may cause big accidents. 【答案】careful, carelessness 【解析】句意：我们的父母经常告诉我们，在路上我们越小心越好，因为一时的疏忽可能会造成大事故。 4. Cathy checked her paper ________ enough so that she could get good grades this time . 【答案】carefully 【句意】凯西足够认真地检查了她的试卷，以便这次她能取得好成绩。 5. Someone had ________‌ left a window open. 【答案】‌carelessly 【句意】有人粗心未关窗 填上恰当的词(每空一词) 6. —The old man can’t see anything. He is blind. Let’s help him. —That’s for sure. We should ________ ________ the disabled. 【答案】care for 【句意】“老人什么也看不见。他是盲人。让我们帮帮他吧。”“那是肯定的。我们应该关心残疾人。” 7. —Thanks for helping me to ________ ________ of my little brother. —My pleasure. 【答案】take care 【句意】“谢谢你帮我照顾弟弟。”“我的荣幸。” 8. She could tell he didn’t ________ ________‌ her feelings. 【答案】care about 【句意】她能感觉到他并不在乎她的感受。 完成句子 9. 请小心对待我的新铅笔盒，那是我妈妈送的礼物。 Please __________________ my new pencil case. It’s a gift from my mom. 【答案】‌be careful with‌ 10. 露西画地理作业地图时很细心。 Lucy ____________________________ for her geography homework. 【答案】was ‌careful in drawing‌ the map 11. 汤姆上学前仔细检查了书包。 Tom _______________________‌ his schoolbag before going to school. 【答案】‌was careful to check Group 6 完成句子 1. 这个笑话太有趣了，房间里的每个人都笑了起来。 The joke was so funny that _________________________________. 【答案】everyone in the room burst out laughing/burst into laughter 2. 我剪了这个发型看起来很愚蠢，所有的同学都会嘲笑我。 I look stupid with this haircut. All my classmates ____________________. 【答案】will laugh at me/will make fun of 3.“地铁上有很多人在大声地说笑。”“是的。太吵了。我受不了了。” —So many people ___________________________ on the subway. —Yes. It is too noisy. I can’t stand it. 【答案】are talking and laughing loudly Group 7 用think的恰当形式填空 1. I ________ he was from France, but he’s actually from Switzerland. 【答案】thought 【句意】我原以为他来自法国，但他实际上来自瑞士。 2. Some students are going to share their ________ about school rules tomorrow. 【答案】thoughts 【句意】一些学生明天将会分享他们关于校规的想法。 3. —Rose closed the door softly because her baby brother had just fallen asleep. —She is always a ________ sister. 【答案】thoughtful 【句意】“罗斯轻轻地关上门，因为她的小弟弟刚刚睡着。”“她一直是个体贴的姐姐。” 4. My mom prepared a birthday gift for me ________. 【答案】thoughtfully 【句意】妈妈贴心地为我准备了一份生日礼物。 5. His ________ actions often get him into trouble at school. 【答案】thoughtless 【句意】他那些欠考虑的行为经常让他在学校惹麻烦。 完成句子 6. 我有个想法：或许这周末去徒步。 ______________________: maybe we can go hiking this weekend. 【答案】I have a good thought/a good idea 7. 这就像他在与树木和风交谈，分享他对家的想法。 It was like he was talking to the trees and winds, _____________________. 【答案】sharing his thoughts about home 8. 现代世界仍然受到他的生活思想的影响。 The modern world is still influenced by ________________________. 【答案】his thoughts about life 9. 他总是和朋友们在每件事上意见一致。事实上，他没有自己的想法。 He always agrees with his friends about everything. In fact he _________________________. 【答案】has no thoughts of his own Group 8 用patient的恰当形式填空 1. You always had enough ________ with me. 【答案】patience 【句意】你总是对我有足够的耐心。 2. The teacher ________ explained the difficult math problem to the students. 【答案】patiently 【句意】老师耐心地给学生讲解这道数学难题。 3. The ________ customer shouted at the waiter. 【答案】impatient 【句意】那个不耐烦的顾客对服务员大喊大叫。 完成句子 4. “他有能力自己完成这项工作。”“我同意，但是他没有足够的耐心和别人一起工作。” —He has the ability to complete the work himself. —I agree, but he doesn’t _______________________________. 【答案】have enough patience to work with others/have enough patience in working with others 5. 只有有耐心圆满完成简单工作的人，才能够轻而易举地完成困难的事。 Only those who _____________________________ perfectly ever get the skill to do difficult things easily. 【答案】have the patience to do simple things Group 9 用understang的恰当形式填空 1. It’s also very important ________ how to communicate with other people effectively. 【答案】to understand 【句意】理解如何有效地与其他人沟通也是非常重要的。 2. —Why do you like reading, Amy? —Because I can not only get lots of knowledge but also form my own ________. 【答案】understanding 【句意】“艾米，你为什么喜欢读书？”“因为我不仅可以获得很多知识，还可以形成自己的理解。” 3. After hearing the good thing Joe did, we felt very sorry because of our ________. 【答案】misunderstanding 【句意】在听到乔做的好事之后，由于我们的误解，我们感到非常抱歉。 4. Although your mom ________ you sometimes, you shouldn’t talk back to her. 【答案】misunderstands 【句意】虽然你妈妈有时会误解你，但你不应该和她顶嘴。 完成句子 5. 随着时间推移，她开始明白了努力工作的重要性。 As time went by, she ________________________________ hard work. 【答案】came to understand the importance of 6. “我被告知汤姆被指控偷了店里的珠宝。”“这只是个误会。事实上，他和这个案子没有任何关系。” —I was told that Tom was charged with stealing the jewelry from the shop. —__________________________. In fact, he had nothing to do with the case. 【答案】It is just a misunderstanding Group 10 单项选择题 1. —What does your mother look like? —She is ________ tall and has long straight hair. A. a bit of B. a little of C. a lot of D. a bit 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“你妈妈长什么样？”“她有点高，留着长直发。”a bit of一点，后接不可数名词；a little of一点，后跟不可数名词；a lot of许多，后跟名词复数或不可数名词；a bit有点，修饰形容词或副词。空后是形容词“tall”，用a bit修饰，故选D。 2. I feel ________ tired, so I want to drink ________tea. A. a bit of, a bit B. a little bit, a bit of C. a bit, a little of D. a bit little, a bit 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我感到有点累了，因此我想喝点茶。a bit/a little bit有点儿/稍微，作程度副词，修饰形容词或副词；a bit of/a little一点，修饰不可数名词作定语。结合本题，第一个空后tired疲倦的是形容词，需用a bit/a little bit修饰；第二个空后tea是不可数名词，需用a bit of/a little修饰，故选B。 3. ________ days later, we still felt ________ cold outside after it snowed A. A bit of, a little B. A few, a bit of C. A little, a bit of D. A few, a bit 【答案】D 【解析】句意：几天后，在下雪之后我们仍然感觉外面有点冷。a bit of一点儿，修饰名词；a few几个，修饰可数名词；a little一点儿，修饰不可数名词；a bit一点，修饰形容词。第一个空后days是可数名词复数，故排除C；第二个空后cold是形容词，应用a bit修饰，故选D。 4. Can you give me ________ water? I feel ________thirsty. A. a little of , a bit B. a bit of, a little C. a bit, a little D. a few, a bit 【答案】B 【详解】a bit和a little都是副词短语，表示一点。当作为形容词短语修饰名词时，要搭配介词of一起使用。句意：你能给我一点水吗？我感到有点渴？结合语境可知前文为形容词短语作定语，下文为副词短语作状语，故选B。 5. It’s a good choice to go to school by bike, but it’s _________ dangerous. A. a bit B. a few C. a bit of D. a lot of 【答案】A 【解析】句意：骑自行车上学是个不错的选择，但是有点危险。a bit有点，可修饰形容词；a few有一些，修饰可数名词复数；a bit of一点，修饰名词；a lot of许多，修饰名词。此处修饰形容词“dangerous”，用a bit表示“有点”，故选A。 从方框内选择恰当的词填空(每词限用一次) little by little bit by bit one by one step by step side by side 6. The teacher told the students to come up _____________ to receive their awards. 【答案】one by one 【句意】老师叫学生们一个接一个地上来领奖。 7. They will take that problem apart and work it out _____________. 【答案】little by little 【句意】他们将把那个问题分解，并逐步解决。 8. —Mike, could you help me with this math problem? I don’t understand it. —Of course. I can explain it to you _____________. 【答案】step by step 【句意】“迈克，你能帮我解决这道数学题吗？我不理解它。”“当然可以。我可以一步一步地解释给你听。 ” 9. The river is wide enough for five boats to sail _____________. 【答案】side by side 【句意】这条河宽得足以让五艘船并排航行。 10. After working hard _____________ for a long time, Tu Youyou successfully won the Nobel Prize in her seventies. 【答案】bit by bit 【句意】经过长期一点一点的努力，屠呦呦七十岁时成功获得了诺贝尔奖。 Group 11 用bore的恰当形式填空 1. The boring game ________ the players after a while. 【答案】bores 【句意】过了一会儿，这个无聊的游戏让玩家们厌烦了。 2. Neither my friend nor I am tired of this work although it is a bit ________. 【答案】boring 【句意】我和我的朋友都不厌倦这份工作，虽然它有点无聊。 3. We were ________ waiting for the bus, so we started chatting. 【答案】bored 【句意】等公交车的时候我们很无聊，于是开始聊天。 4. The ________ of doing the same thing every day made him want to change his job. 【答案】boredom 【句意】每天做同样事情的无聊感让他想换工作。 完成句子 5. 她对一直做家务感到厌烦。 She ____________________________ all the time. 【答案】is bored with doing the housework 6. 当我独自待在家里时，很容易感到无聊。 I __________________ when I stay at home alone. 【答案】feel bored easily Group 12 完成句子 1. “你认识Sally吗？”“认识，她是一个活泼的女孩并且喜欢打排球。” —Do you know Sally? —Yes, she ______________________________________. 【答案】is an active girl and she enjoys playing volleyball 2. 像野餐和放风筝之类的户外活动在孩子们中很受欢迎。 ____________________, such as picnicking and flying kites, _____________________ kids. 【答案】Outdoor activities, are very popular among 3. 她正在积极地找一份新工作，因为她想有所改变。 She ____________________________ because she wants a change. 【答案】is actively looking for a new job 4. 年轻人应该积极参加志愿工作，帮助那些有需要的人。 The young should ______________________________ to help those in need. 【答案】take an active part in volunteer work Group 13 用encourage的恰当形式填空 1. The teacher gave us an ________ smile when we did well on the test. 【答案】encouraging 【句意】当我们考试考得好时，老师给了我们一个鼓励的微笑。 2. She felt ________ after talking to her teacher. 【答案】encouraged 【句意】和老师交谈后，她感到很受鼓舞。 3. ________ is very important for a child's growth. 【答案】Encouragement 【句意】鼓励对孩子的成长非常重要。 4. The bad weather ________ us from going on a picnic. 【答案】discouraged 【句意】恶劣的天气使我们打消了去野餐的念头。 完成句子 5. 老师们应该鼓励学生在课堂上提问。 Teachers should _______________________________ in class. 【答案】encourage students to ask questions 6. 她的朋友们鼓励她参加歌唱比赛。 Her friends ___________________________ the singing competition. 【答案】encouraged her to take part in Group 14 用believe的恰当形式填空 1. Her excuse for being late didn’t sound ________ at all. 【答案】believable 【句意】她迟到的借口听起来一点都不可信。 2. The view from the top of the mountain was ________. It was so beautiful. 【答案】unbelievable 【句意】山顶的景色令人难以置信，太美了。 3. She has a strong ________ in the power of friendship. 【答案】belief 【句意】她坚信友谊的力量。 完成句子 4. 她对鬼(ghosts)的相信使她晚上很害怕。 Her ______________________________________. 【答案】belief in ghosts makes her scared at night 5. 我们应该相信自己和我们的能力。 We should _______________________________. 【答案】believe in ourselves and our abilities Group 15 完成句子 1. 这道数学题很难，然而，我解出来了。 The math problem was hard and ________________________. 【答案】I worked it out, however 2. 然而，无论鲍勃怎么努力，石头仍然在那里。石头就是不动。 ____________________________________, the stone remained there. The stone didn’t move. 【答案】However, no matter how hard Bob tried 3. 然而有时候，最简单的想法却是最好的。 ______________________________ are the best. 【答案】Sometimes, however, the simplest ideas 4. 无论问题多难，都不要放弃。继续尝试，你会找到方法的。 __________________________, don’t give up. Keep trying and you’ll find a way. 【答案】However/No matter how difficult the problem is 5. 吉姆要学游泳，不管花多少钱。 Jim will learn swimming, _________________________. 【答案】howwever/no matter how much it costs Group 16 单项选择题 1. The tigers in the zoo are really ________. When I see them, I will be too ________ to move. A. scary, scary B. scary, scared C. scared, scared D. scared, scary 【答案】B 【解析】句意：动物园里的老虎真的很吓人。当我看到它们时，我会害怕得不敢动。scary吓人的；scared害怕的。根据句意可知，第一个空表示老虎是“吓人的”，应用scary；第二个空表示人感到“害怕的”，应用scared，故选B。 2. To our _________, almost everyone _________ snakes except him. He says snakes are his friends. A. surprise, are scared of B. surprises, isn’t scared of C. surprise, is scared of D. surprises, aren’t scared of 【答案】C 【解析】句意：令我们惊讶的是，除了他几乎每个人都害怕蛇。他说蛇是他的朋友。to one’s surprise “令某人惊讶的是”，故第一空用surprise。根据“He says snakes are his friends.”可知，应表达每个人都害怕蛇除了他，be scared of “害怕”，不定代词everyone作主语，be动词用is，故选C。 3. Tigers are ________ animals. We should be careful when we see them. A. friendly B. scary C. interesting D. cute 【答案】B 【解析】句意：老虎是可怕的动物。当我们看到它们时应该小心。friendly友好的；scary吓人的；interesting有趣的；cute可爱的。根据“We should be careful when we see them.”可知，老虎是让人害怕的动物，scary“可怕的，吓人的”符合语境，故选B。 4. The ______ dog made the little girl cry. A. scaring B. scared C. scares D. scare 【答案】A 【解析】“scaring dog” 指 “令人害怕的狗”，强调狗的这种特质让别人害怕，“scared dog” 则是 “感到害怕的狗”，不符合句子意思，“scares” 和 “scare” 不能直接修饰名词，所以选 A。 完成句子 5. 巨大的声响把鸟儿从花园里吓跑了。 The loud noise ________________________ the garden. 【答案】scared the birds away from 6. 老师警告学生考试很难，吓得他们更用功学习。 The teacher by ___________________________ warning them about the difficult exam. 【答案】scared the students into studying harder 7. 她看到枕头上爬着一只蜘蛛，吓得半死。 She ________________________ when she saw a spider crawling on her pillow. 【答案】was scared to death 8. 他害怕在深海游泳，因为怕鲨鱼。 He ______________________________ in the deep ocean because of sharks. 【答案】is scared to swim/is scared of swimming 9. 小男孩很怕那位严厉的数学老师。 The little boy ______________________________. 【答案】is scared of the strict math teacher 10.很多人害怕黑暗。 Many people __________________________. 【答案】are scared of darkness Group 17 用fight的恰当形式填空 1. The team has a strong ________ spirit. 【答案】fighting 【句意】这个队有很强的战斗精神。 2. The fire ________ rushed into the burning building to save people without hesitation. 【答案】fighter(s) 【句意】消防队员毫不犹豫地冲进燃烧着的大楼救人。 单项选择题 3. They help fight ________ the air pollution. A. for B. to C. in D. against 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他们帮助对抗空气污染。fight against对抗，故选D。 4. The two dogs are fighting ________ the bones ________ each other. A. with, with B. at, with C. for, with D. with, for 【答案】C 【解析】句意：两只狗在互相争夺骨头。with和；at在；for为了。fight for“为……斗争”；fight with“和……打架”。根据“the bones”可知，狗为了骨头互相打架，故选C。 5. The two cats ______ the fish. Then a third cat comes and runs away with the fish. A. fight against B. fight for C. fight with D. fight back 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这两只猫为鱼而战。然后第三只猫过来，带着鱼跑了。考查动词短语。A. fight against抗击…，与……作斗争；B. fight for为争取……而斗争，因为……而打架；C. fight with意思是“同……一起并肩作战；与……作战”，它含有两重意思；D. fight back反击，击退。结合句意可知选B。 Group 18 用danger的恰当形式填空 1. Be careful with hot water, or something ________ may happen to you. 【答案】dangerous 【句意】小心热水，否则可能会发生危险的事。 2. Smoking can ________ your health. 【答案】endanger 【句意】吸烟会危及你的健康。 3. The car was driving ________ fast on the wet road. 【答案】dangerously 【句意】那辆车在湿滑的路上开得快得危险。 完成句子 4. 对孩子来说，玩火柴(matches)是一大危险。 Playing with matches _________________________. 【答案】is a great danger for kids 5. 这只小鸟有从巢里掉下来的危险。 The little bird ___________________________ the nest. 【答案】is in danger of falling from 6. 由于气候变化，许多动物处于危险之中。  __________________________ because of climate change. 【答案】Many animals are in danger 7. 手术后，病人终于脱离危险了。 After the operation, _______________________________. 【答案】the patient is finally out of danger 8. 家长告诉孩子在外面玩时要远离危险。 Parents tell their kids __________________________ when playing outside. 【答案】to stay away from danger Group 19 完成句子 1. 我父亲曾经给我讲过一个关于他童年的有趣故事。 My father ____________________________ about his childhood. 【答案】once told me an interesting story 2. “你放学后隔多久打一次篮球？”“一周两次。挺有趣的。” —_______________ do you play basketball after school? —________________. It’s interesting. 【答案】How often, Twice a week 3. 突然，灯熄灭了，所有人都很害怕。 _____________, the lights went out and _______________________. 【答案】All at once, everyone was scared 4. 我们必须马上出发去学校，否则会迟到。 We must ___________________, or we’ll be late. 【答案】leave for school at once 5. 我这次就破例把自行车借给你。 I’ll make an exception and ______________________. 【答案】lend you my bike this once 6. ‌一旦你到达公园，立刻给我打电话。 _______________________, call me ____________________. 【答案】‌Once you arrive at the park, at once/immediately 7. 从前，在宫殿里有一个皇帝。他有一个诚实的儿子。 _________________, there was an emperor in the palace. He had _________________. 【答案】Once upon a time/Long long ago, an honest son 重点句型 句型仿写 1. 你认为这道数学题有多难？ _______________________ this math problem is? 【答案】‌How difficult do you think  2. 你认为他昨天为什么缺席？ _______________________ he was absent yesterday? 【答案】‌Why do you think 3. 你认为哪本书更有趣？ _______________________ is more interesting? 【答案】‌Which book do you think 4. 你认为电影几点开始？ ______________________ the movie will start? 【答案】‌What time do you think 5. 你认为我们周末该去哪儿？ _______________________ we should go this weekend? 【答案】‌Where do you think 6. 我喜欢开窗睡觉。 I like to sleep _______________________. 【答案】with windows open 7. 男孩低着头，站在那里。 The boy stood there _______________________. 【答案】with his head down 8. 老师走进了教室，手里拿着本书。 The teacher walked into the classroom _______________________. 【答案】with a book in his hand 9. 他还有很多工作要做，不能和朋友们去看电影。 _______________________, he can’t go to the movies with friends. 【答案】With a lot of work to do 10. 没有人可以交谈，Frank觉得很难过。 _______________________, Frank felt sad. 【答案】With no one to talk to 11. 布莱克先生一进入房间，每个人都闭上了嘴，保持安静。 ___________________________, everyone shut up and kept quiet. 【答案】With Mr. Black walking into the room 12. 有当地的向导带路，我们很容易就到了那里。 _______________________, we got there easily. 【答案】With a local guide leading the way 13.作业做完了，她觉得轻松了。 She felt relaxed _______________________. 【答案】with her homework done 14. 我认为你锻炼得越多，就越好。 I think that _______________________ you do, ____________. 【答案】the more exercise, the better 15. 你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。 I believe that _______________________, _______________________ s you will make. 【答案】the harder you work, the greater progres 第 1 页 共 16 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$