期末拔高复习4 2024-2025学年沪教版（五四学制）（2024）英语七年级下册

沪教版（五四学制）（2024）英语七年级下册期末拔高复习4 一、按要求改写句子 1. They have visited the science museum twice this month.（改为否定句） _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. "Can dolphins communicate with each other?" the boy asked.（合并为宾语从句） _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. The air quality is terrible. We shouldn’t go jogging outdoors.（用such...that合并） _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. She failed to convince her parents.（改为同义句） _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Either you turn off the tap or I will report it.（强调选择关系） _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. People believe that AI will change education greatly.（改为被动语态） _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 二、单词适当形式填空 Smartphones have become ____________ (essence) in daily life. Many people feel ____________ (comfort) without them. While they offer ____________ (convenient), overuse may cause ____________ (anxious). Experts suggest ____________ (limit) screen time. ____________ (Surprise), some teens have started ____________ (organize) digital detox camps. They enjoy ____________ (outdoor) activities and find it ____________ (relax). This shows that ____________ (balance) is key. 三、连词成句 1. solutions / environmental / scientists / innovative / are / for / developing / problems _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. apologized / the / for / he / breaking / teacher / window / accidentally _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. covered / the / thick / forest / valley / was / with / mysterious / a / fog _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. whether / to / she / debating / study / medicine / is / engineering / or _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. dramatically / modern / transportation / changed / has / technology _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 四、完形填空 On a remote island off the coast of Scotland, old Fergus MacLeod had guarded the lighthouse for forty years. Every night, he climbed the spiral stairs to light the lamp, (1) ______ ships from treacherous rocks. The job was lonely, but Fergus found joy in recording weather patterns in his journal and rescuing injured seabirds. One stormy November evening, a cargo ship named Atlantic Star lost its navigation system. As waves (2) ______ against the cliffs, Captain Evans spotted the faint beam of Fergus’ lighthouse through the haze. "Steer toward that light!" he ordered. But suddenly, the lamp (3) ______. Unbeknownst to them, Fergus had slipped on the wet stairs while rushing to refuel the generator. With a broken leg, he difficultly (4) ______ himself toward the control room. Blood stained the floor as he (5) ______ reached the switch just as the ship veered dangerously close to the "Devil’s Teeth" rocks. The light flared back to life, (6) ______ the vessel to safety. Years later, a young woman visited the now-automated lighthouse. "I’m Captain Evans’ granddaughter," she told Fergus. "He said you gave him not just light, but a lesson in (7) ______." She opened a box containing the restored journal she’d found in a maritime museum. Fergus wept, realizing his humble records had become a (8) ______ for climate scientists. His legacy proved that ordinary people could (9) ______ extraordinary impacts through daily (10) ______. (1) A. attracting B. guiding C. entertaining D. blocking (2) A. whispered B. crashed C. flowed D. sparkled (3) A. brightened B. vanished C. flickered D. expanded (4) A. threw B. dragged C. lifted D. rolled (5) A. desperately B. cheerfully C. reluctantly D. carelessly (6) A. directing B. pushing C. sending D. pulling (7) A. technology B. sacrifice C. navigation D. profit (8) A. obstacle B. treasure C. rumor D. tool (9) A. achieve B. ignore C. discuss D. postpone (10) A. dreams B. duties C. adventures D. protests 五、阅读理解 Coral reefs, dubbed "rainforests of the ocean," support 25% of marine species but are vanishing rapidly. Rising sea temperatures cause bleaching—a phenomenon where corals expel symbiotic algae, turning ghostly white. In the Maldives, marine biologist Dr. Amina Hassan pioneered a radical solution: coral "foster care." Her team collects broken coral fragments after storms, placing them in underwater nurseries on steel frames. There, young corals grow 50% faster than in natural reefs. After 18 months, divers transplant them onto damaged reefs. Early results show a 60% survival rate—triple traditional methods. However, challenges persist. Predatory starfish invade nurseries, and funding shortages limit expansion. "Corals can’t wait for climate policies to change," Dr. Hassan urges. Her new project trains unemployed fishermen as reef guardians. Equipped with 3D-printed tools, they remove invasive species and monitor water quality. The ultimate goal? To buy time for reefs until carbon emissions decline. As Dr. Hassan states: "We’re not just saving corals; we’re rebuilding the heart of the ocean." Questions: 1. Explain the term "coral bleaching" in your own words. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why does the author compare coral reefs to "rainforests of the ocean"? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. List three steps involved in Dr. Hassan’s coral rescue method. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. What dual purpose does training fishermen as reef guardians serve? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Infer Dr. Hassan’s attitude toward current climate policies from her quote. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、句子翻译 1. 尽管这个发明看起来简单，但它解决了困扰科学家数十年的难题。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 无人驾驶汽车不仅能减少交通事故，还能缓解交通拥堵。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 如果政府不立即采取行动，海洋生态系统将遭受永久性破坏。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 纪录片揭示了塑料垃圾如何通过食物链进入人体。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 为了保护生物多样性，我们必须建立更多自然保护区并严格监管偷猎行为。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 七、小作文 话题倡议书： 假设你是学生会主席，针对校园食物浪费现象，写一篇倡议书号召同学参与“光盘行动”。内容需包括： - 当前浪费现象的具体数据（如每日倒弃XX公斤食物）； - 提出3条解决方案； - 呼吁集体行动并预测效果。 要求： 80词左右，使用将来时、情态动词、连接词（e.g., moreover, therefore）。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案与解析 一、改写句子 1. They haven’t visited the science museum this month. → 解析：现在完成时否定形式：have/has + not + past participle；去掉频次副词。 2. The boy asked if/whether dolphins could communicate with each other. → 解析：直接引语为一般疑问句，间接引语用if/whether引导，can变为could。 3. The air quality is such a terrible problem that we shouldn’t go jogging outdoors. → 解析：such + a/an + adj. + noun + that表结果。 4. She didn’t succeed in convincing her parents. → 解析：fail to do = not succeed in doing。 5. It’s either you who turns off the tap or I who will report it. → 解析：强调句型"It’s...who..."突出选择主体。 6. It is believed that AI will change education greatly. → 解析：被动语态中"people believe"转为"It is believed"。 二、单词填空 1. essential 2. uncomfortable 3. convenience 4. anxiety 5. limiting 6. Surprisingly 7. organizing 8. outdoor 9. relaxing 10. balance → 解析： - 词性转换：essence → essential (adj.), convenient → convenience (n.) - 情感词汇：comfort → uncomfortable (反义) - 动名词：limit → limiting (suggest doing), organize → organizing (start doing) 三、连词成句 1. Scientists are developing innovative solutions for environmental problems. 2. He apologized to the teacher for accidentally breaking the window. 3. The mysterious valley was covered with a thick forest fog. 4. She is debating whether to study medicine or engineering. 5. Modern technology has dramatically changed transportation. → 解析： - 第2题考"apologize to sb. for doing"结构； - 第4题考"whether...or"选择句式； - 第5题考副词位置（dramatically修饰changed）。 四、完形填空 (1) B. guiding（核心功能：灯塔"引导"船只避礁） (2) B. crashed（拟声词：巨浪"猛撞"悬崖，whispered程度不足） (3) B. vanished（戏剧转折：灯光"消失"，flickered指闪烁不符） (4) B. dragged（受伤动作："拖行"身体，threw不合逻辑） (5) A. desperately（危急状态："拼命"伸手，cheerfully情感矛盾） (6) A. directing（精准动作：灯光"指引"航向，pushing过度拟人） (7) B. sacrifice（主题升华：船长的感慨是牺牲精神） (8) B. treasure（情感升华：日记成为科学界"珍宝"） (9) A. achieve（结论：凡人可"实现"非凡影响） (10) B. duties（主旨呼应：坚持日常"职责"创造奇迹） 五、阅读理解 1. Corals lose algae due to warm water, turning white and weak. → 释义题：需用自己的话解释"白化"本质（失去共生藻+变白）。 2. Both are biodiversity hotspots supporting countless species. → 类比分析：雨林和珊瑚礁的核心共性是"生物多样性宝库"。 3. ① Collect broken fragments → ② Grow in nurseries → ③ Transplant to damaged reefs. → 流程概括：从原文提炼三个阶段动词（collect/grow/transplant）。 4. ① Protect reefs; ② Provide jobs for fishermen. → 深层理解：解决生态问题（除入侵物种）同时解决社会问题（失业）。 5. She believes they are too slow to save reefs urgently. → 观点推断：从"can’t wait for policies"推知她对政策效率的失望。 六、句子翻译 1. Although this invention looks simple, it solves a problem that has puzzled scientists for decades. → 解析：although让步从句 + that定语从句（puzzled需用完成时）。 2. Self-driving cars can not only reduce traffic accidents but also ease traffic congestion. → 解析：not only...but also连接并列动词短语；"缓解拥堵"译为ease congestion。 3. If the government doesn’t take immediate action, marine ecosystems will suffer permanent damage. → 解析：if条件句 + 专业词汇marine ecosystems（海洋生态系统）。 4. The documentary reveals how plastic waste enters human bodies through the food chain. → 解析：how引导宾语从句；"通过食物链"用through the food chain。 5. To protect biodiversity, we must establish more nature reserves and strictly regulate poaching. → 解析：不定式作目的状语；"监管偷猎"译为regulate poaching。 七、作文范文 Dear schoolmates, Every day, approximately 50kg of uneaten food is wasted in our cafeteria. Therefore, we launch the "Clean Plate Campaign". Firstly, take only what you can finish. Secondly, suggest smaller portions to canteen staff. Moreover, share anti-waste tips on social media. If everyone participates, we will save 15 tons of food annually and can donate surplus to charities. Let’s act together! — Student Council President 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$