专题03 语法 -2024-2025学年小学英语五年级下册期末专项系列(译林版三起)

2025-06-06
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专题03 语法 学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________ · 内容导航 · 一:核心语法复习 二:25个语法考点过关练 题型一:核心语法复习 Unit 1 Cinderella 1. why引导的特殊疑问句: 用来询问发生某一动作或存在某一状态的原因,用why提问时,应由 because 引导回答,结构为:—Why+一般疑问句? —Because+陈述句. [拓展] because用作连词,表示“因为”,引导原因状语从句,陈述原因、理由。例如: —Why do you like winter?你为什么喜欢冬天? —Because I like snow. 因为我喜欢雪。 2.一般现在时中,动词的第三人称单数变化规则: (1)一般情况下,在动词词尾直接加-s。例如: find—finds, look—looks, fit—fits。 (2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词,以及以“辅音字母+o”结尾的动词,变为第三人称单数时,一般在词尾加-es。例如: guess—guesses, fix—fixes, wash—washes, watch—watches, go— goes。 (3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变y为i再加-es。例如:try—tries, fly—flies。 (4)不规则的特殊变化。例如:have—has。 3.表示穿上/脱下服装动作的短语: try on 意为“试穿”, put on 意为“穿上”, take off意为“脱下”。 · 后面的宾语(对象)如果是名词, 放在短语中间或后面均可 例如:try the shoe on, take off the T-shirt; · 如果是代词,代词只能放在中间并且用宾格形式 例如:put them on, try it on, take them off。 4. have to 的用法: · have to表示“不得不(做某事)”,其后接动词原形。 · 如果主语是第三人称单数,则是“…has to do sth”形式。 · have to 强调因为客观因素或条件制约,“不得不”去做某事。 例如:—Let’s play football.让我们去踢足球吧。 —Sorry, I have to do homework first.对不起,我必须得先做作业。 5. be bad for的用法: be bad for 意为“对……有害”,其后接名词(短语)或人称代词宾格,反义短语是be good for,“对……有益”。而它们的主语是名词(短语)、代词或动名词(短语)。 例如:This book is good for you.这本书对你有好处。 Eating too much is bad for you.吃太多对你有害。 6. can't=cannot, don't=do not, doesn't=does not,后面都跟动词原形。 例如:You can't/cannot eat these mushrooms.你不能吃这些蘑菇。 He doesn't/does not understand. 他不理解。 Unit 2 How do you come to school? 1.询问某人居住在某地的表达 句型结构为“Where+助动词do或does+主语+live(+其 他)?”,这是一个由 where 引导的特殊疑问句,注意主语是第三人称单数时,助动词do和答句中live使用第三人称单数形式。 例如:—Where does Mike live? 迈克住在哪里? —He lives in Sunshine Town. 他住在阳光镇。 2.关于居住地的介词: live 表示“住,居住”时,后面经常跟介词in, on或 at。 in通常接国家、城镇(市)或房屋,例如: live in China 住在中国; on后接街道或楼层等,例如: live on Park Street住在公园街; at可以接具体的门牌号,例如:live at No.2 Zhongshan Road 住在中山路2号。 3.疑问词 how 的用法: (1)(表方式,方法)怎样,怎么。例如: How does your father go to work? 你父亲怎么去上班? (2)(指健康等情况)怎么样。例如: How is Miss Li? 李小姐怎么样/身体好吗? (3)(询问天气)怎么样。例如: How is the weather in Nanjing? 南京的天气怎么样? (4)(指数量,程度)多少,后接其他形容词或副词,构成疑问词组。例如: How many birds can you see? 你能看到多少只鸟? How much water would you like? 你想要多少水? How far is it from here?它离这儿有多远? 4.交通方式的表达: (1) by是介词,表示方式,后面跟交通工具,注意在这种情况下 by后面的名词只能用单数,并且名词前面不能加任何冠词或物主代词。这样的介词短语通常放在句末 例如:I usually go to school by bus. 我通常乘坐公共汽车去上学。 (2) 表示“步行”的介词短语是 on foot,而不是 by foot,同学们一定要注意。 提优:表示乘坐交通工具也可以用动词take, 例如:He takes a bus to school.他乘坐公共汽车去上学。 5. show的用法: show作动词,表示“给······看”,表示“给某人看某事物”可以说show sth to sb,也可以说show sb sth。在这里人称代词因为在动词后作宾语,需要用宾格形式 例如:show the pen to her=show her the pen给她看这支钢笔。 6. go to和get to的用法: “go to+地点名词”表示“去……”;“get to+地点名词”表示“到 达……”。 但是如果后面是 home 或 there等地点副词时,不能加介词to。 Unit 3 Asking the way 1.问路的常用句型 · “How do I/ we get to...?”是问路的常用句型,意为“到······怎么走?”。 · get to后面加地点名词,如果后面是地点副词(home、there、here等)则省略to. · 其他问路句型举例 (1) Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the hospital, please?打扰一下,请问你能告诉我去医院的路吗? (2) Could you show me the way to the hospital?你能给我指一下去医院的路吗? (3) Where's the hospital? 医院在哪里? (4) Could you tell me how to get to the hospital?你能告诉我怎样到达医院吗? 2.指路的常用句型 (1) Go/ Walk along...沿着······走。 (2) Turn left/ right at...在······处向左/右转。 (3) Get on/ off at...在······上/下车。 (4) You can take the... to get there.你可以乘⋯⋯(比如公共汽车或地铁)到达那里。 (5) You can see... on your left/ right.你能在你的左侧/右侧看到……。 3. by和take表示搭乘交通工具的用法 (1) “by+交通工具”是介词短语,在句子中不充当谓语,一般放在动词短语后面作为说明,by后面不能加冠词,交通工具名词用单数形式,如:by bus乘公共汽车, by bike骑自行车。 (2) “take+冠词+交通工具”是动词短语,在句中可以作谓语,take和交通工具之间需要加冠词,例如:take a bus乘公共汽车,take the metro乘地铁。 4. ask的用法 · ask是动词,后面的人称代词用宾格形式。 · “ask sb for help”表示“向某人求助”。这里的ask表示“请求”的意思。ask还表示“提问”等意思。 · 固定搭配“ask sb to do sth”表示“要求/请求某人做某事”。 · “ask sb about sth”表示“向某人提问有关某事”。 5. excuse me与sorry的区别 (1) excuse me是礼貌用语,用于引起别人的注意,可以用于: · 向不熟悉的人提问或请求。 · 客气地打断别人的话。 · 用于中途离开或暂时告别。也就是说,通常excuse me用于打扰别人。 例如:Excuse me, is the bus stop near here?打扰一下,请问公交车站是在附近吗? (2) 而sorry则表示自己因说错话或做错事,对别人表示歉意,用于向别人道歉,或者委婉地拒绝别人。例如:(1) Sorry, I'm late.对不起,我迟到了。 (2)—Let's play!让我们一起玩吧! —Sorry. I have to do my homework.对不起,我得做我的家庭作业。 6. get on和get in的用法区别 两者都可表示“上车”, get in一般用于小汽车、出租车等小型交通工具 get on一般用于公共汽车、火车、飞机、轮船等大型交通工具。 表示“下车”时,小型交通工具常用“get out of”,大型交通工具常用“get off”. Unit 4 Seeing the doctor 1.询问病情的常用句型 “What's wrong with sb?”意思是“某人怎么了?”。 同义句是“What's the matter with sb?”。 注意with后接人称代词的宾格形式。 如果问某人感觉怎么样,可以说:How do/ does+主语+ feel(now)? 2.身体不适的常用表达 (1) have可以与表示疾病的名词连用,表示“患某种疾病” 例如:I have a cold.我感冒了。 She has a fever.她发烧了。 提优:have的其他用法:与一些动词和名词同形的名词连用,表示某个动作 例如:have a look/ walk/ talk;还可以与表示活动的名词搭配,如:have a party/ picnic/ lesson. (2) 可以用“主语+ be动词/ feel(s)+形容词(状态)。”的句型。 例如:I'm tired.我累了。 He feels cold.他感到冷。 提优:feel是感官系动词,其他系动词还有look(看上去),sound(听起来)等,后跟形容词。 (3) 其他表达,例如:My leg hurts.我的腿疼。 3.情态动词should的用法 should表示“应该”,没有人称和数的变化,后跟动词原形。 (1)用来提出建议和忠告,后面接动词原形。例如:She should wear more clothes. 她应该多穿点衣服。 (2)否定形式should not= shouldn't. 例如:You shouldn't eat too much meat.你不应该吃太多肉。 (3)"What should... do?"表示“······应该做什么?”。该句型用于询问某人应该做什么事情。 4. something和anything的区别 · 通常something表示“一些东西”,用于肯定句; anything表示“任何东西”,用于否定句和疑问句。 例如:I have something to eat.我有一些吃的东西。 I can't eat anything.我不能吃任何东西。 · 但是当礼貌地请别人吃(喝)东西时,应该使用something. 例如:Would you like something to drink?你想要一些喝的东西吗? 5. be happy to do sth“高兴/乐于做某事” be动词的形式随前面人称的变化而变化。形容词后面是“to+动词原形+其他”。 例如:I'm happy to see you again.我很高兴又见到你。 6. take的用法 “take some medicine”表示“吃一些药”, take在这里可以表示“吃;喝;服用”。 take还可以表示“乘坐某种交通工具”,例如:take the bus乘公共汽车。 take还可以表示“拿,取”,例如:Do you take an umbrella to school?你上学带伞吗? Unit 5 Helping our parents 1.现在进行时 现在进行时表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态,基本结构为“be动词+现在分词”,be动词的形式要根据主语来确定。常见的提示现在进行时的时间状语有now,at the moment等;具体时间提示有“It's... o' clock.”等。还有一些动词也可作为提示词,如look, listen等。 (1)肯定句的句型结构:主语+be动词+现在分词+其他。 例如:They are watching a film now.他们现在正在看电影。 (2)否定句的句型结构:主语+be动词+not+现在分词+其他。 例如:They aren't watching a film now.他们现在没有在看电影。 (3)特殊疑问句的句型结构:特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+现在分词(+其他)? 例如:What is Helen doing?海伦正在做什么? 2.动词现在分词的构成: (1)大部分动词是在其原形后直接加-ing. 例如:sing—singing, do—doing, clean—cleaning, cook—cooking, eat—eating, help—helping, wash—washing, watch—watching... (2)以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing.例如: make——making, write——writing, take—taking, skate—skating, have—having, ride—riding... (3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,则应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing.例如: swim—swimming, run——running, jog—jogging, sit—sitting, put—putting… 3. like doing sth和like to do sth like doing sth表示某人的稳定爱好或经常性的动作,侧重已经存在或者存在过的情况。 而like to do sth表示某一次的行为,为临时性的动作,侧重将来的趋势。 例如:Mike likes playing football.迈克喜欢踢足球。 Mike likes to swim these days.迈克这些天喜欢去游泳。 4. be busy be busy的意思是“忙的”。可以接“with+名词”,也可以接(in+)动名词,表示“忙于⋯⋯”。 例如:I'm busy with my homework.我在忙于家庭作业。 I'm busy (in) doing my homework.我正在忙于做家庭作业。 Unit 6 In the kitchen 1.现在进行时的一般疑问句结构 —Be动词+主语+动词-ing+其他? —肯定回答:Yes,主语+ be动词。;否定回答:No,主语+ be动词+ not. 例如:—Is she running?她正在跑步吗? —Yes, she is./ No, she isn't.是的,她在(跑步)。/不,她不在(跑步)。 —Are they climbing?他们正在爬山吗? —Yes, they are./ No, they aren't.是的,他们在(爬山)。/不,他们不在(爬山)。 2. there be句型中be动词的用法 · there be句型表示“某地有某人或某物”。当be动词后接可数名词的单数或者不可数名词时,be动词用is.当主语为多个名词时,be动词应与其后出现的最接近的名词在数上保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。 · 不可数名词举例:milk; juice; bread; soup; meat; beef; chicken(作为鸡肉); fish(作为鱼肉) · 可数名词的复数举例:tomatoes; potatoes; dogs; ladybirds; vegetables 3. How is...? · "How is...?”用来询问某人、某事或某物怎么样,后面的主语是单数形式。 例如:—How is the library?图书馆怎么样? —It's big and nice.它又大又漂亮。 · 如果后面的主语是复数形式,或者第二人称,则用“How are...?” 例如:—How are you?你(们)怎么样? —I'm/ We're fine. Thanks.我/我们很好。谢谢。 4.感官系动词的用法: 有一些动词可作为感官系动词:look看起来,smell闻起来,sound听起来,taste尝起来,feel摸起来……这些感官系动词后面接形容词来对某物进行描述。 例如:That smells nice.那个闻起来香。 The pandas look very fat.熊猫们看上去很胖。 5. can't wait:表示“等不及,迫不及待”。后面可以接“to do sth”。 例如:I can't wait to eat!我等不及吃了! Unit 7 Chinese festivals 1.节日名称规范: (1)大型节日名称的每个单词首字母都要大写。 (2)一般情况下,由festival构成的我国传统节日名称前加定冠词the。例如:the Dragon Boat Festival端午节。而以day结尾的中国传统节日或西方传统节日前则不加the。例如:Mother's Day母亲节。 2. day, festival和holiday这三个单词都和“节日”有关,但用法有所区别: (1) 为特定人群设立的节日通常用day。例如:Teachers' Day教师节, Father' s Day父亲节。 (2) festival通常表示传统的、有特定风俗和庆祝活动的节日。例如:the Double Ninth Festival重阳节。 (3) festival也可以表示音乐、戏剧等节日,泛指节日种类时不需要大写首字母。 例如:the reading festival读书节, the food festival美食节, the film festival电影节。 (4) holiday表示休假,指不用上班或上学的日子。例如:summer holiday暑假, National Day holiday国庆节假期。 3.月份的缩写形式:(月份缩写形式一般不单独使用,而是用于完整的日期中,如Oct.1st) January—Jan. February—Feb. March—Mar. April—Apr. May—May June—Jun. July—Jul. August—Aug. September—Sept. October—Oct. November—Nov. December—Dec. 注意:除了五月和九月,其他月份的缩写都是取前三个字母,不要忘了在末尾加“。”。 4.表示时间的介词有at,on,in,其区别如下: (1) at表示在具体某个时刻,或者某个节日期间。还有固定短语at night在晚上。 例如:at six o'clock在六点, at the Spring Festival在春节。 (2) on表示在具体的某一天,或者具体某一天的上午/下午/晚上。例如:on Mother's Day在母亲节, on Sunday morning在周日早晨。 (3) in表示在某一年、某个季节,或者某个月份。例如:in 2024在2024年, in spring在春天, in January在一月。 (4) in还与上午、下午、晚上连用构成固定短语。 例如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening在上午/下午/晚上。 Unit 8 Birthdays 1.序数词的用法: (1) 数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数量,序数词表示顺序“第几”,使用序数词时一般前面加定冠词the,英文日期中需要使用序数词。例如:the first boy第一个男孩;on the eighth of May在五月八日。 注:当序数词位于形容词性物主代词后面时,前面不加the. 例如:my first English teacher我的第一位英语老师。 (2) 基数词转换为序数词的规律口诀:一二三特殊记;th要从四加起;八去t,九去e;ve要用f替; ty要换tie;遇见几十几,只变个位就可以。例如:five-fifth, eight-eighth, twelve-twelfth, twenty-twentieth. (3) 序数词的缩写形式:数字+其序数词的最后两个字母。 例如:first—1st, second—2nd,third—3rd, fourth—4th, sixth—6th, twentieth—20th, twenty-third—23rd。 其中 1st,2nd,3rd为特殊形式。 2.英文日期的表达:“the+序数词+of+月份”,或者“月份+序数词”。 例如:the tenth of September = Sept.10th= September 10th九月十日 3.询问对方生日的表达: 用when引导特殊疑问句,结构是“When's your birthday?” 它的答语是“It' s+表示时间的介词短语。”或“My birthday is+表示时间的介词短语。”。 例如:—When's your birthday?你的生日是什么时候? —It's on the first of April.在四月一日。 4.询问方式、方法的疑问句:how可以引导询问方式、方法的疑问句,意为“怎样”。 例如:—How can I open the door?我怎样才能打开门? —You can use this key to open it.你可以使用这把钥匙开门。 5. be easy for: "be easy for sb"表示“(某事)对某人来说容易”。 类似的结构有:be bad for sb对某人有害; be good for sb对某人有益; be difficult for sb对某人来说困难。 例如:Drawing is difficult for me.绘画对我来说困难。 Eating too much is bad for you.吃太多对你不好。 题型二:25个语法考点过关练 [语法1] why引导的特殊疑问句及其答语 单项选择。 ( )1.—Why ________ you excited? —Because we win the football game. A. do B. are C. be ( )2.—Why ________ you go to school? —Because I'm ill. A. can B. can't C. aren't ( )3.—Why ________ have a picnic? —That's a good idea. A. not B. doesn't C. don't ( )4.—Why ________ Nina buy a cake? —________ she is hungry. A. do; Because B. is; So C. does; Because [语法2] 特殊疑问词的用法 用适当的疑问词(组)填空。 1.—________ helps Cinderella? —A fairy. 2.—________ don't you go to school? —Because I'm ill. 3.—________ brothers do you have? —Two. 4.—________ shoe do the girls try on? —Cinderella’s. 5.—________ is the party? —It's at the prince's house. 6.—________ does Cinderella go home? —Before 12:00. 7.—________ are you? —I'm fine, thank you. 8.—________ is it today? —It's Monday. 9.—________ is your new dress? —It's red. 10.—________ is your brother? —He's eight. [语法3] 动词第三人称单数形式的运用 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The mushroom ________(look) so nice. 2. Cinderella ________(try) on the shoe and it ________(fit) well. 3. Yang Ling ________(not have) any nice clothes or shoes. 4. My mother ________(like) riding bikes in the park. 5. A fairy ________(help) the girl. 6. The girl ________(put) on her new clothes to visit her grandparents. 7.—Where ________ Helen ________(live)? —She ________(live) in a small town. 8. Mike ________(watch) TV at weekends. 9. Su Hai ________(fly) a kite in the park. 10. Su Yang ________(play) with the cat Kitty at weekends. [语法4] where引导的特殊疑问句 根据中文意思完成对话。 1.—我爸爸在哪里? —他在卧室里。 —________ ________ my father? —________ in the ________. 2.—橘子在哪里? —它们在冰箱里。 —________ are the ________? —________ in the ________. 3.—妈妈,我的书包在哪里? —它在沙发上。 —Mum, ________ my schoolbag? —________ ________ the sofa. 4.—我的红色短裙在哪里? —它在床上。 —________ my red ________? —________ on the bed. [语法5] how引导的特殊疑问句 单项选择。 ( )1.—________ is your school from your home, Gina? —Only ten minutes’ walk. A. How long B. How far C. How many D. How soon ( )2. ________ are the students in your class? —Most of them are only fourteen. A. How long B. How old C. How many D. How much ( )3.—________ has he studied English? —He has studied English for ten years. A. How much B. How far C. How long D. How many ( )4.—The blue coat looks nice on you.________ is it? —It's 50 dollars. A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How often ( )5. I have ten toys. ________ do you have? A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How far [语法6] 介词(短语)的用法 一、用合适的介词(短语)填空。(可重复使用) in front of between on in near 1. We live ____________ Beijing Road. 2. He lives ____________ Shanghai with his wife. 3. Mike lives ____________ Sunshine Street. 4. Lily works ____________a bike factory. 5. Mike sits ____________ Tim and me. 6. The girl stands ____________ me. She is the first. 7. The bird is ____________ the tree. 8. The girl lives ____________ school, so she goes to school ____________ foot. 二、单项选择。 ( ) 1. He sits in front of me and I sit ________ him. A. behind B. beside C. in front of ( ) 2. There is a boat ________ the river. A. to B. on C. at ( ) 3. There's a park ________ the house. A. in B. under C. next to ( ) 4. The cat is sitting ________ the bed. A. to B. by C. next [语法7] 问路和指路用语 用所给词的适当形式填空。 Excuse me Go along get on get off get to next to turn left on your right 1. ________________. Where is the shop? 2. Here is the supermarket. Let's ________________ the bus. 3. Su Hai and I usually ________________ the bus at the bus stop to go to school. 4. Excuse me. How can I ________________ the hospital? 5. ________________ this road, and you can see the shop. 6. Go along Fish Street, and then ________________ at the second crossing. 7. You can see the cinema ________________. 8. The zoo is ________________ the cinema. [语法8] 交通方式的表达方法 一、用 on、in、by或 take填空。 1. Lily often goes to the library ________ bus. 2. We sometimes ________a taxi to the cinema. 3. He will go to the farm ________ his car. 4. Shall we ________ the metro to the zoo? 5. Jack goes there ________ a bike. 二、按要求完成句子。 1. He goes home on foot every day.(改为同义句) He ________ ________ every day. 2. She rides a bike to school.(改为同义句) She ________ to school ________ ________. 3. Mike takes a train home.(改为同义句) Mike ________ home ________ ________. [语法8] excuse me的用法 单项选择。 ( )1.________, are you Miss Li? A.Sorry B.Excuse me C.I'm sorry ( )2.Miss Li, I'm ________.I left my homework at home. A.sorry B.excuse me C.happy [语法9] get on与get in的区别 单项选择。 ( )1.Sandy ________ a car and leaves the town. A.get in B.gets to C.gets in ( )2.Annie can ________ the bus at the next stop. A.get in B.get off C.come on [语法10] 情态动词should的用法 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.—What should the man ________(do)? —He should ________(have) some water. 2. The boy ________(should) eat or drink after meals. He is too fat. 3. ________(should) her sister ________(brush) her teeth? 4. We shouldn't have ________(some) sweets if we have a toothache. 5. They ________(should) shout in class. 二、单项选择。 ( )1. The boy shouldn't ________ in the library. A. shouts B. shout C. shouting ( )2. You're tired. You ________ have a rest. A. should B. shouldn't C. can't ( )3. We ________ give our seats to the old people when we are on a bus. A. should B. can't C. shouldn't ( )4.—My uncle has a fever. Should he________ medicine? —Yes, he should. A. taking B. take C. takes ( )5. Sam shouldn't ________ or run in the library. He shouldn't sleep ________. A. talk; too B. talking; either C. talk; either [语法11] 看病就医的常用表达 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.—What's wrong with ________ (she)? —She has a ________ (head). 2.He shouldn't ________ (drink) too ________ (many) coffee. 3.—How ________ (do) the patient feel? —She ________ (feel) painful. 4.The doctor ________ (check) Ruby and ________ (give) her some medicine. 5.—Why does your younger brother ________ (have) a ________ (tooth)? —Because he ________ (not brush) his teeth. 6.Lily has a cold. Should ________ (she) ________ (see) a doctor? 二、单项选择。 ( )1.—What's wrong with your ________? —They ________. I can't walk now. A. feet; hurt B. foots; hurt C. feet; hurts ( )2.—What's wrong with ________? —He has a fever. A. his B. he C. Lu Tao ( )3.—I feel ________. —Here is a cup of tea for you. A. hungry B. thirsty C. full ( )4.—________your brother feel? —He feels well. A. What does B. How do C. How does [语法12] 易混淆point at与point to的用法 从方框中选择合适的短语,并用其适当的形式填空。 point at point to (1) The policemen ________ the building over there, "Look! That's our office.” (2) The teacher ________ the blackboard and reads the words. [语法13] 现在进行时的陈述句与特殊疑问句 一、写出下列动词的现在分词形式。 1.do________________ 2.clean________________ 3.cook________________ 4.eat________________ 5.help________________ 6.wash________________ 7.try________________ 8.pick________________ 9.ride________________ 10.get________________ 11.walk________________ 12.make________________ 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. We ________________ (play) in the park now. 2. Listen! Someone ________________(sing) at the party. 3.—Where are they? —They ________________ (run) in the playground. 4.—What are you ________________(do)? —I________________(cook) dinner. 5. Look, the boy ________________(put) on his coat. 6.—What is Mike doing? —He ________________(sweep) the floor. 7. He likes ________________(watch) TV in the evening. 8. His sister ________________(wash) dishes every day. 9. It is eight o'clock in the morning. Nancy ________________(have) breakfast in the dining room. 10. My father is ________________(clean) the window.It will be clean. 三、用合适的特殊疑问词填空。 1.—________are you doing now? —I'm watching TV. 2.—________is making a noise outside? —I don't know. Let's go and see. 3.—________are they having a picnic? —In the park. 4.—________are you standing here? —Because I'm waiting for the bus. [语法14] 易混淆动词wash与clean的用法 从方框中选择合适的单词,并用其适当的形式填空。 clean wash (1) Nancy sometimes the dishes after dinner. (2) Paul and Daniel are the windows in the classroom. [语法15] 易混淆动词grow与plant的用法 选词填空。 (1) The farmers (grow/plant) wheat(小麦) and rice every year. (2) The children will (grow/plant) some trees this Tree Planting Day. [语法16] 现在进行时的一般疑问句 一、单项选择。 ( )1. ________ the twins helping their father clean the car? A. Do B. Are C. Is ( )2. —Look! Is someone ________? —Yes, I can see it. A. dance B. to dance C. dancing ( )3. —________ the students reading books in the library? —No. They ________. A. Are; clean B. Are; are cleaning C. Is; are cleaning 二、按要求改写句子。 1. My mother is cooking dinner. (改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答) —________ ________ mother ________ dinner? —No, ________ ________. 2. I am doing my homework. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答) —________ ________ doing your homework? —Yes, ________ ________. 3. Does Tim usually cook dinner on Sundays? (用now替换on Sundays) ________ Tim ________ dinner now? [语法17] there be句型 一、用be动词的适当形式填空。 1. There ________ some pencils in the pencil box. 2. There ________ some milk in the fridge. 3. There ________ many grapes in the fridge. 4. There ________a lion in the forest. 5. There ________a cup of tea on the table. 6. There ________ a pen and two pencils in the pencil box. 7. There ________ two pencils and a pen in the pencil box. 8. There ________ some water and two apples on the table. 二、按要求完成下列各题。 1. There is some water in the glass.(改为否定句) There ________ ________ water in the glass. 2. There are some sweets in the box. (改为一般疑问句) ________ ________ any sweets in the box? 3. There are some apples on the tree. (改为单数句) There ________ ________ ________ on the tree. 4. There are two books on the desk.(对画线部分提问) How ________ books ________ ________ on the desk? [语法18] 时间介词at, in, on的用法 单项选择。 ( )1. I will have a big lunch ________Christmas. A. at B. on C. in ( )2. The Double Ninth Festival is ________October ________ November. A. on; and B. in; or C. in; and ( )3. Women's day is ________ the eighth of March. A. on B. in C. at ( )4. We are eating fruit ________ three o'clock ________ the afternoon. A. at; in B. in; on C. at; on [语法19] 询问他人在节日做什么的句型及答语 单项选择。 ( )1. What do you eat ________ your birthday? A. at B. on C. in ( )2.—________does Sam do on Mother' s Day? —He buys some flowers ________his mother. A. What; to B. What; for C. When; in ( )3.—What do you do on Father's Day? —________ A. Sometimes we have a big dinner. B. It's on the third Sunday of June. C. He often goes fishing. [语法20] 常见的节日及其日期 单项选择。 ( )1.—Is ________a festival for old people? —Yes, it is. A. Mother's Day B. Children's Day C. the Double Ninth Festival ( )2. We also call the Spring Festival ________. A. Chinese New Year B. Christmas C. New Year's Day ( )3. People usually eat rice cakes at the________ A. Mid-Autumn Festival B. Dragon Boat Festival C. Double Ninth Festival ( )4.—When's Children' s Day? —It's in ________. A. May B. June C. July ( )5. ________ isn't a Chinese festival. A. The Mid-Autumn Festival B. The Dragon Boat Festival C. Christmas [语法21] either、too、also的用法 单项选择。 ( )People ________ call it the Duanwu Festival. A.either B.too C.also [语法22] 基数词和序数词 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. My birthday is on the ________(five) of October. 2. Today is Amy's ________(nine) birthday. 3.—When is Mother's Day? —It's on the ________(two) Sunday of May. 4. I have ________ toys. The ________ one is from my father. (six) 5. The ________(eight) month of a year is August. 二、单项选择。 ( )1. Twenty-eight minus(减)six is________ A. the twenty-second B. twenty-two C. twenty-second ( )2. The ________ number is ________. A. four; four B. second; two C. third; third ( )3. There are ________ numbers on the card. The ________ one is the password. A. four; third B. fourth; three C. four; three ( )4. This is my grandpa's ________ birthday.Let's buy some presents ________ him. A. sixty; at B. sixtieth; for C. sixty; to [语法23] 英语中日期的表示方法以及询问日期的问句 单项选择。 ( )1.—When's your birthday? —My birthday is on ________. A. the eleventh of July B. the eleven C. eleventh of July ( )2.—What's the ________ today? —It's the fifth of June today. A. month B. date C. week ( )3.—When's Children's Day? —It's ________. A. 2nd of June B. on the first of June C. on the first of May ( )4. ________ comes before October. A. December B. September C. November ( )5.—What ________ is it today? —It is Saturday. A. date B. the date C. day ( )6.—What day is the second day of a week? —________. A. It's Monday B. It's Tuesday C. It's Wednesday ( )7.—Is your birthday ________ May? —No, it's ________ the 15th of June. A. on; on B. on; in C. in; on [语法24] start后的动词形式 单项选择。 ( )The cats start ________ the fish. A.eating B.eats C.to eating [语法25] what和how引导的感叹句 单项选择。 ( )—________ a nice picture it is! —Thank you. A.What B.How C.Where 参考答案 [语法1] why引导的特殊疑问句及其答语 1. B解析:根据句子结构可知此处应该用 be 动词, you是第二人称, be 动词用 are, 故选 B。 2. B解析:根据句子意思可知,问为什么你不能去上学,应该使用 can't 表示不能,故选 B。 3. A解析:根据句子意思可知,提议去野餐,用 Why not do...?, 故选 A。 4. C 解析:Nina是第三人称单数, 其前助动词用 does,问句是由 Why引导的,答语要用 Because 回答, 故选C。 [语法2] 特殊疑问词的用法 1. Who 解析:根据答语“A fairy.”可知是问人, 故填 Who。 2. Why 解析:根据答语“Because I'm ill.”可知问句询问原因,故填 Why。 3. How many 解析:根据答语“Two.”可知询问的是数量, 故填 How many。 4. Whose 解析:根据答语“Cinderella’ s.”可知询问的是拥有者,故填 Whose。 5. Where 解析:根据答语“It's at the prince’ s house.”可知询问的是地点, 故填 Where。 6. When 解析:根据答语“Before 12:00.”可知问的是时间, 故填 When。 7. How 解析:“How are you?”是用于问候对方的固定句子,故填 How。 8. What day 解析:根据答语“It's Monday.”可知询问今天是星期几, 故填 What day。 9. What colour 解析:根据答语“It's red.”可知是在询问颜色, 故填 What colour。 10. How old 解析:根据答语“He’ s eight.”可知是在询问年龄, 故填 How old。 [语法3] 动词第三人称单数形式的运用 1. looks 解析:mushroom是单数名词, 其后动词用第三人称单数形式,故填 looks。 2. tries; fits 解析:Cinderella 和 it 都是第三人称单数,其后谓语动词均用第三人称单数形式,故填 tries 和 fits。 3. doesn't have 解析:Yang Ling 是第三人称单数,其后助动词用第三人称单数形式,助动词后的动词要用原形, 故填 doesn't have。 4. likes 解析:My mother是第三人称单数, 其后谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填 likes。 5. helps 解析:A fairy 是第三人称单数, 其后谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填 helps。 6. puts 解析:The girl是第三人称单数, 其后谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填 puts。 7. does; live; lives 解析:Helen 和 She是第三人称单数,Helen前的助动词和 She后谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,故第一空和第三空分别填 does和 lives, 又因为 does是助动词, 其后动词用原形,故第二空填 live。 8. watches 解析:Mike是第三人称单数, 其后谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填 watches。 9. flies 解析:Su Hai 是第三人称单数, 其后谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填 flies。 10. plays 解析:Su Yang是第三人称单数, 其后谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填 plays。 [语法4] where引导的特殊疑问句 1. Where is, He's, bedroom 2. Where, oranges, They're, fridge 3. where's, It's on 4. Where's, skirt, It's [语法5] how引导的特殊疑问句 1~5 BBC BA [语法6] 介词(短语)的用法 一、1. on 解析:街道前使用介词 on。 2. in 解析:表示在某个城市时使用介词 in。 3. on 解析:表示在某条街道上时使用介词 on。 4. in 解析:表示在某工厂工作时使用介词 in。 5. between 解析:当在两个物体之间时使用介词 between。 6. in front of 解析:由“She is the first.”推断女孩在前面, 故填 in front of。 7. in 解析:外来物在树上要用“in the tree”, 所以填介词 in。 8. near; on 解析:表示“在······附近”使用介词“near”, 表示“步行”使用介词 on。 二、1. A 解析:根据“He sits in front of me”可知“我”坐在他后面,故选 A。 2. B 解析:船是在水面上行驶的,所以在……上使用介词“on”, 故选 B。 3. C 解析:观察选项, A、B均不符合句意, 故选C。 4. B [语法7] 问路和指路用语 1. Excuse me 解析:在询问对方路线前, 应该先说“Excuse me”表示礼貌。 2. get off 解析:根据前文“Here is the supermarket.”可知已经到目的地了, 推测要下公交车了, 故填 get off。 3. get on 解析:根据句意可知是乘坐公交车去学校, 故填 get on。 4. get to 解析:根据句意可知是到达医院,故填get to。 5. Go along 解析:缺空是句首,首字母应该是大写, 故填 Go along。 6. turn left 解析:根据句意可知该句在描述路线, 故填 turn left。 7. on your right 解析:根据句意可知在描述电影院的位置, 故填 on your right。 8. next to 解析:根据句意可知在描述二者之间的位置关系, 故填 next to。 [语法8] 交通方式的表达方法 一、1.by 2.take 3.in 4.take 5.on 二、1. walks home 2. goes; by bike 3. goes; by train [语法8] excuse me的用法 1.通过句意可知,是向不熟悉的人打听情况,故第1题选B 2.通过句意可知,是做错事表达歉意,,第2题选A。 [语法9] get on与get in的区别 解析这两小题考查短语辨析。第1题句意是“桑迪坐车离开小镇”,且主语是第三人称单数,故选择gets in。第2题句意是“安妮可以在下一站下公交车”,且can后面跟动词原形,故选择get off。所以两小题答案分别是C和B。 [语法10] 情态动词should的用法 一、1.do,have 2.shouldn't 3.Should,brush 4.any 5.shouldn't 二、1. B 解析:shouldn't后接动词原形,故选B. 2. A解析:根据“You're tired.”推知,应该休息,所以用“should”, 故选A. 3. A解析:在公交车上应该给老人让座,故选A. 4. B 解析:should后接动词原形,故选B. 5. C 解析:shouldn't后接动词原形,一空为talk;两个句子都是否定句,表示“也”要用either, 故选C. [语法11] 看病就医的常用表达 一、1.her, headache 2.drink, many 3.does, feels 4.checks, gives 5.have, teeth, doesn’t brush 6.she, see 二、1. A 解析:根据答语中的They可知一空为复数,故一空为feet;二空动词用原形,故选A. 2. C 解析:with是介词,其后接人称代词的宾格形式或人名,故选C. 3. B 解析:根据“Here is a cup of tea for you.”可推断是口渴,故选B. 4. C 解析:询问感觉要用特殊疑问词How;主语your brother是第三人称单数,助动词要用does, 故选C. [语法12] 易混淆point at与point to的用法 1.point to 2.points at [语法13] 现在进行时的陈述句与特殊疑问句 一、1.doing 2.cleaning 3.cooking 4.eating 5.helping 6.washing 7.trying 8.picking 9.riding 10.getting 11.walking 12.making 二、1. are playing 解析:由now可知本句时态是现在进行时,谓语结构为be doing,主语为We, be动词用are,故填are playing. 2. is singing 解析:由Listen可知本句时态是现在进行时,谓语结构为be doing, someone作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填is singing. 3. are running 解析:根据问句句意可推断答语应该用现在进行时回答,现在进行时的谓语结构为be doing, 主语为They, be动词用are, 故填are running. 4. doing; am cooking 解析:由are可知本对话的时态是现在进行时,谓语结构为be doing,故分别填doing; am cooking. 5. is putting 解析:由Look可知本句时态是现在进行时,谓语结构为be doing,主语为the boy, be动词用is, 故填is putting. 6. is sweeping 解析:由问句可知答句时态是现在进行时,谓语结构为be doing,主语为He,be动词用is, 故填is sweeping. 7. watching 解析:like doing sth.是固定用法,意为“喜欢做某事”,故填watching. 8. washes 解析:由every day可知本句时态是一般现在时,His sister是第三人称单数,其后动词用第三人称单数形式,故填washes. 9. is having 解析:由“It is eight o'clock in the morning.”可知本句时态是现在进行时,谓语结构为be doing, 故填is having. 10. cleaning 三、1.What 2.Who 3.Where 4.Why 1.由答句可知,问句询问的是做什么,要用what提问。 2.由答句可知,问句询问的是谁,要用who提问。 3.由答句可知,问句询问的是地点,要用where提问。 4.由答句可知,问句询问的是原因,要用why提问。 [语法14] 易混淆动词wash与clean的用法 (1)washes (2)cleaning [语法15] 易混淆动词grow与plant的用法 (1)grow (2)plant [语法16] 现在进行时的一般疑问句 一、1.B解析:本句是现在进行时的一般疑问句,主语the twins是复数,be动词用are,故选B。 2.C解析:本句是现在进行时的一般疑问句,动词要用-ing形式,故选C。 3.B解析:本题是现在进行时的一般疑问句及其答语,主语the students是复数,be动词用are,回答他们正在做什么要用“主语+be动词+动词-ing.”结构,故选B。 二、1. Is your; cooking; she isn't 2. Are you; I am 3. Is; cooking [语法17] there be句型 一、1. are 解析:pencils是可数名词复数,故填are. 2. is 解析:milk是不可数名词,故填is. 3. are 解析:grapes是可数名词复数,故填are. 4. is 解析:a lion是单数,故填is. 5. is 解析:a cup of tea是单数,故填is. 6. is 解析:就近主语是a pen,是单数形式,故填is. 7. are 解析:就近主语是two pencils,是复数形式,故填are. 8. is 解析:就近主语some water不可数,故填is. 二、1. isn't any 2. Are there 3. is an apple 4. many; are there [语法18] 时间介词at, in, on的用法 1~4 ABAA 解析:1.表示“在圣诞节”要用介词at。 解析:2.句意为"重阳节在十月或十一月",表示在某月要用介词in,“或者”用or表示,故选B。 解析:3.表示在具体的某一天要用介词on,故选A。 解析:4.表示在某个时刻要用介词at,表示“在下午”要用介词in,故选A。 [语法19] 询问他人在节日做什么的句型及答语 1~3 BBA 解析:1.表示在某人的生日这一天应该用介词on,故选B。 解析:2.由答句可知,问句是询问做了什么,要用what提问。表示“为;给”要用for,故选B。 解析:3.问句是询问对方在父亲节做什么,故选A。 [语法20] 常见的节日及其日期 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C [语法21] either、too、also的用法 C [语法22] 基数词和序数词 一、1.fifth 2.ninth 3.second 4.six,sixth 5.eighth 二、1. B 解析:根据句意可知填基数词,故选B. 2. B 解析:表示编号时,用the+序数词+名词;由句意可知二空填基数词,故选B. 3. A 解析:一空后是可数名词复数形式,故填基数词;the+序数词+名词用于表示编号,故选A. 4. B 解析:根据句意可知一空填序数词,故选B. [语法23] 英语中日期的表示方法以及询问日期的问句 一、1. A 解析:B、C选项格式不对,故选A. 2. B 解析:根据答语可知是在询问具体日期,故选B. 3. B 解析:根据生活实际可知选B. 4. B 解析:根据生活实际可知九月在十月之前,故选B. 5. C 解析:根据答语可知是在询问星期几,故选C. 6. A 解析:根据生活实际可知一周的第二天是周一,故选A. 7. C 解析:月份前加介词in,具体某一天前加介词on, 故选C. [语法24] start后的动词形式 A [语法25] what和how引导的感叹句 A 第 1 页 共 9 页 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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专题03 语法 -2024-2025学年小学英语五年级下册期末专项系列(译林版三起)
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专题03 语法 -2024-2025学年小学英语五年级下册期末专项系列(译林版三起)
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专题03 语法 -2024-2025学年小学英语五年级下册期末专项系列(译林版三起)
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