暑假作业09 阅读理解-【暑假分层作业】2025年七年级英语暑假培优练（译林版2024）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业09 阅读理解 阅读理解 方法1　细节理解题——细读法 　　分段细读,注意细节,注意语言结构,抓住主要事实、关键信息,揭示文章结构的内在联系,帮助深化理解。一篇文章是一个有机的整体,段与段之间存在着内在的紧密联系,而每段的内容都与主题有着很重要的联系,所以弄清文章结构上的问题,对于把握文章主题或文章大意非常重要。在通读短文后,带着问题,再到短文中详细地找到答案。 方法2　推理判断题——推理法 　　推理判断是细节理解的延伸,在阅读的时候要根据文章具体事实细节、句子关系去分析和推理,从而达到整体理解的目的。 方法3　主旨大意题——概读法 　　从每篇文章的标题到各个部分都进行概读,以归纳出要点,概括作者的意图、观点、态度,这样就能了解全文的概貌。概读还有助于考生把握上下文之间的意义联系,培养自己的综合概括能力。注意把握好主题句,首段和尾段中的中心句。 方法4　词义猜测题——猜测法 　　要学会根据上下文猜测遇到的新单词,这样既提高了阅读速度又培养了一种能力,这也是英语阅读的关键所在。培养自己的猜词能力是很有必要的,从构词法上,联系文章上下文看是否有释义以及将选项代入短文中理解等方面入手,猜测出新词的词义。 二层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优 记叙文 （1） It was a cleaning day for the family. John and his mom were busy cleaning the house. Then, John’s mom noticed an old chair. That old chair was for John’s grandpa. “John, come and help me,” John’s mom said. “We’ll take the chair to the side of the road. The rubbish truck will come to ▲ tomorrow.” When they tried to move the chair, John’s grandpa saw it and cried. “No! You can’t take my chair,” “But it’s so old,” John’s mom replied. “We’ll buy you a new one.” “No,” he said, trying to get his chair back. John’s mom finally gave up and left. The old man sat into his chair and closed his eyes. “Grandpa, why won’t you let us throw the chair?” John asked. “You don’t understand, John,” His grandpa said, “I sat in this chair with your grandma when I asked her to marry (嫁) me. And I sat in this chair the night your father was born. Many years later, I sat in this chair when the doctor told me that your grandma was badly ill. I was very sad, but the chair gave me comfort (安慰) and warmth.” The old man’s voice changed when he thought of that unlucky day. “I understand.” John looked at his grandpa and said, “this is not just any old chair. It is more like a friend.” “Yes.” he nodded. However, that night, when John and his grandpa were sleeping. John’s parents carried the chair outside. The next morning, John woke up and heard the sound of the rubbish truck. He quickly ran downstairs and found the snow-covered chair stood helplessly at the side of the road. The truck was going to pull (拉) it away. “Wait! Stop!” John shouted and rushed outside. The big noises from the truck suddenly stopped. He then ran back inside and cried, “Mom, you can’t throw out grandpa’s chair. It is like a true friend in his life!” Hearing this, John’s mom ran outside and carefully moved away the snow on the chair. She carried it back with John. 1．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．give it up B．pay for it C．pick it up D．look for it 2．The underlined part “that unlucky day” refers to (指的是) the day when . A．John’s father was born B．Grandpa asked Grandma to marry him C．Grandma was badly ill D．John’s mother married his father 3．How did John feel when he heard the sound of the rubbish truck early in the morning? A．Worried. B．Sorry. C．Surprised. D．Happy. 4．What can we learn about from the story? A．The story happened in summer. B．Grandpa liked collecting old chairs. C．John’s mother bought Grandpa a new chair. D．Grandpa loved Grandma so much. （2） The next two days it rained and it was very windy, so Mary couldn’t go outside. Then on the third morning when she opened her eyes and looked out of the window, she had a big surprise. She called to Martha “Martha! Come and look at the moor!(荒原)” There was no wind or rain and the sky was quite blue. “Yes,” said Martha with a smile “The spring’s coming.” After breakfast Martha went to visit her mother for the day. Mary felt lonely in the house without her, so she went outside into the bright sunshine. She ran round and round the fountain ten times and soon she started to feel better. Ben Weather staff was in the vegetable garden. He didn’t look angry that day so she went to speak to him. “The spring’s coming”, he said to her. “Can you see those green points in the earth?” Mary looked. “What are they?”she asked. “They’re spring flowers.” Then the robin appeared and sat on the ground near them. “Is spring coming in the secret garden, too?” Mary asked Ben, “Or are all the flowers dead?” “Ask the robin” said Ben Weather staff. “He’s the only one who knows.” And he went back to work. The robin was hopping around on the ground. Mary was watching him when she saw something in the earth. She picked it up. It was an old key. “The key to the secret garden!” she whispered excitedly. Mary looked at the key for a long time. Then she put it in her pocket and walked back to her room. —taken from The Secret Garden 1．What was the weather like on the third morning? A．Sunny B．Windy C．Rainy D．Cloudy 2．What was Ben Weather staff like in Mary’s eyes? A．Kind-hearted. B．angry C．Hard-working D．friendly 3．Why does Ben Weather staff think the spring is coming? A．Because there was no wind or rain and the sky was quite blue. B．Because Martha told him so and he believed her. C．Because he lived on the moor for a long time and he was sure. D．Because there are some green points in the earth. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．An Unusual Robin B．The Spring Comes C．The Key to the Secret Garden D．Ben’s Day in the Garden （3） Carlos, Marie and their three-year-old little brother Mosh had some free time before dinner. There was a TV show about fire safety, so they watched it. The show was about to end when Mrs. Garza said, “Wash your hands. It’s time for dinner. ” Carlos could hardly wait to surprise his dad with the cake he and Marie made. As soon as dinner was over, Carlos and Marie stood up. “Excuse us,” Carlos said. “We’ll be back in a minute.” The two kids went into the kitchen. Carlos put lots of candles on the cake. After Marie lit (点燃) the candles, Carlos carried the cake to the table. He put it in front of his dad and said, “Happy birthday, Dad. Make a wish and blow out the candles.” Just then Mosh took a bottle (瓶) of water and poured it on the cake. The candles went out. Mr. Garza quickly cleared the table. “Mosh, you ruined (毁坏) Dad’s cake,” Carlos cried. “Fires on birthday candles should be blown out.” “It will be all right,” Mrs. Garza said. “We’ll just give it some time to dry out. I’m sure it will still taste delicious.” “I’m sorry Mosh ruined your surprise,” Marie said. “Mosh gave me a bigger surprise,” Dad said, laughing. “Maybe since my candles went out so fast, my wish will come true soon.” 1．What did the three kids do before dinner? A．They watched TV. B．They bought a cake. C．They did homework. D．They cleaned the room. 2．The underlined word “it” refers to “the ________”. A．table B．cake C．candle D．cup 3．Who poured water on the cake? A．Carlos. B．Marie. C．Mosh. D．Mrs. Garza. 4．Which of the following words can describe Mr. Garza? A．Shy. B．Brave. C．Strict. D．Funny. 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．A Fire Accident B．A Birthday Wish C．A Fire Safety Show D．A Birthday Surprise （4） Long long ago, in a big hot desert (沙漠), there was a lonely tree. It wasn’t like other trees with lots of leaves. This one was having a hard life. With little rain and long hours of hot sun, its leaves dried up from heat. One sunny day, a hawk flew over the desert. He was very tired, hungry and thirsty, so he landed (降落) on the tree’s tallest branch to take a rest. Looking around, the hawk asked the tree, “Hey, why do you keep on living here in this empty (空的), hot place? Why don’t you stay with your family and friends? Who needs you here?” The tree answered, “You do.” “Me?” the hawk was surprised. “I don’t need you. I can fly everywhere, any place is OK.” The tree said, “You can fly away anytime, and that’s true. But think about it. If not for me, you would have to sit on the hot sand instead of (而不是) my branches. Without me, someone might see you alone and wonder why you’re here. When you are sitting on my branches, you think that I need you.” The hawk thought for a moment and agreed. Yes, without the tree, the hawk wouldn’t have anyone to talk to, either. 1．Why did the tree have few leaves? A．Because it felt sad and tired. B．Because of the heavy rain. C．Because it got sick suddenly. D．Because of the hot weather. 2．Which of the following can show the branch of a tree? A． B． C． D． 3．What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us? A．Where the hawk could stand. B．Why the hawk needed the tree. C．When the hawk could fly away. D．What the hawk did in the desert. 4．What did the hawk understand after talking to the tree? A．The tree was important to him. B．The tree needed nobody to talk to. C．He needed another tree to rest on. D．He needed to bring water to the tree. 议论文 （1） The oil paper umbrella has a history of over 1, 000 years in China. In early Tang Dynasty, it was introduced (引进) to Japan and Korea, so it was called the “Tang Umbrella”. However, as steel-ribbed (钢骨的) came out in the last century, the hand-made oil paper umbrellas were less popular. Yuhang in Hangzhou is known for making oil paper umbrellas for more than 230 years. They are mainly made of skin paper, bamboo, a coating of Tung oil (桐油). They need to take more than 70 steps, including making bamboo ribs, pasting paper (糊纸) and painting pictures. It takes at least a week to make an umbrella. In 2015, Liu Weixue, left a well-paid job to learn the traditional art from his grandfather. Now, he is a master of making oil paper umbrellas. “I want to bring the art to life,” Liu said. He improved (改进) the umbrellas to win the hearts of young people. As the traditional paper was easy to break, he started to use a kind of thicker paper. In the test, his umbrellas were opened and closed for 1, 000 times without breaking. He used a kind of lighter bamboo to make the umbrellas weigh less. In 2017, Liu opened an online shop to sell oil paper umbrellas. Now Liu’s shop has more than 80, 000 followers. He hopes to pass on the traditional art. He goes to local schools to teach students. He also goes to activities in different places to show more people about the art. 1．What step do people not take in making an oil paper umbrella in Yuhang? A．Making steel ribs. B．Pasting paper. C．Painting pictures. D．Brushing Tung oil. 2．Why did Liu Weixue learn the art of making Yuhang oil paper umbrellas? A．He couldn’t find a better job. B．He wanted to bring the art to life. C．Young people liked the fashion. D．His grandfather told him to learn. 3．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．The oil paper umbrellas first appeared in Western countries. B．It is easy for people to make a Yuhang oil paper umbrella. C．The oil paper umbrellas made by Liu are heavier but stronger. D．Liu Weixue is a creative and hard-working man. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The ways of using oil paper umbrellas. B．The wonderful design of oil paper umbrellas. C．The special styles of oil paper umbrellas. D．The past and present of oil paper umbrellas. （2） Do you know a “shore keeper (海岸卫士)”? In fact, it’s not a job for people like zookeeper. It is a job for a special kind of forest—mangrove forest. In China, we call it hongshulin or “red forest”. Let’s go into a mangrove forest to have a look. They grow near the sea. They can grow up to 10 meters. They keep the land from the sea. This way, they protect the land from strong winds and waves. The trees stand tidy team, with shorter ones standing at the front and taller ones at the back. When typhoons (台风) come, they protect the towns nearby. Like other trees, mangrove trees take in CO2 to make oxygen (氧气). They are helping to keep the air clean and slow down weather change on Earth. Mangrove trees can grow up to 10 meters. Many wild birds live here. Many birds stop by for food during their trip. Are the trees red? No, mangrove trees don’t have red leaves or flowers. They are green. But they have special bark (树皮). Their bark can be used to make red dyes (染料). The bark gets air through small holes. The holes can close during high tide (涨潮). This way, the tree won’t die. Some parts of the roots (根) grow out of the water. They need more oxygen to live. They are also homes to snakes and lizards. The roots grow in salty water. They are not easy to get through. They make great homes for baby sea animals, like baby lobsters, baby turtles and baby fish. They can keep away from big animals. 1．What does the third paragraph tell us? A．How mangrove trees help the earth. B．Where mangrove trees always grow. C．What mangrove trees do during high tide. D．How mangrove forests make the air fresh. 2．How does the mangrove forest help us? a. It protects us from bad weather. b. It gives out oxygen. c. It gives food to migratory birds. d. It builds more houses. A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd 3．Why is the mangrove forest called “red forest”? A．Because the trees have red leaves and flowers. B．Because the trees live freely along the Red Sea. C．Because red dyes can be made from the bark of the trees. D．Because the trees’ roots are red when they meet the water. 4．What do we know about mangrove trees? A．They only get air through roots, they can keep the air clean. B．They are one of the oldest trees and can grow up to 10 meters. C．They may die during high tide because there are many large holes. D．They grow in salty water and are homes to some baby sea animals. （3） In the 13th century the famous Italian traveller Marco Polo travelled a long way to China. During his stay in China, he saw many wonderful things. One of the things he discovered was paper money. In Western countries, people did not use paper money until the 15th century. However, people in China began to use paper money in the 7th century. A Chinese man called Cai Lun invented paper almost 2, 000 years ago. He made it from wood. He took the wood from trees and made it into paper. He then put these pieces of paper together and made them into a book. Now paper still comes from trees. We use a lot of paper every day. If we keep on wasting so much paper, there will not be any trees left on the earth. If there are no trees, there will be no paper. Every day, people throw away about 2, 800 tons of paper. It takes 17 trees to make one ton of paper. This means that we are cutting nearly 48, 000 trees every day. Since it takes more than 10 years for a tree to grow, we must start using less paper now. If we don’t, we will not have enough time to grow more trees to take the place of those we use for paper. So, can we save paper? We can use both sides of every piece of paper, especially when we are making notes. We can choose drinks in bottles instead of those in paper packets. We can also use cotton handkerchiefs but not paper ones. When we go shopping, we can use fewer paper bags. If the shop assistant does give us a paper bag, we can save it and reuse it later. Everyone can help to save paper. If we all try our best, we can help protect trees. And we should do it now before it is too late. 1．When he was in China, Marco Polo ________. A．discovered Cai Lun invented paper B．learned to make paper C．saw many wonderful things D．read a lot books 2．Which of the following is NOT the way of saving paper according the passage? A．To use both sides of every piece of paper. B．To grow more trees. C．To use cotton handkerchiefs instead of paper ones. D．To use the paper bags from shops more than once. 3．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Saving Paper B．The History of Paper C．Cotton Handkerchief Back Again D．Cai Lun—the Great Inventor （4） Goldfish are good pets. They are easy to care for. But they need the right home. Fish need more than a bowl. They are too small. Goldfish belong in tanks. A tank is better than a bowl. It holds more water. Your fish will have more room. First, choose a place for the tank. Pick a safe spot. Put it where it will not fall. Do not put it near a window. The water will get too warm. Next, add tiny rocks. Put in plants. You can add toy ships. These make good hiding places. Fish like hiding. Finally, add water. Wait before adding your fish. Check that the water stays clean. Buy a pump. It cleans the water. Dirty water makes fish sick. Now you can add your fish! You will bring it home in a bag. The bag will be filled with water. Let the bag float in the tank. The fish will get used to the tank. Then, open the bag. The fish will swim out! Buy food for your fish. Do not feed it too much! Extra food makes the water dirty. It sinks to the bottom. Just give your fish what it can eat. Put a cover on the tank. This keeps the fish safe. Nothing can fall into the tank. Your fish cannot jump out. If the cover has a light, you can watch your fish at night. Each week the tank needs to be cleaned. Take out some old water. Add new water. Scrape the walls of the tank if they look dirty. But do not worry. It does not have to be spotless. Just keep the water clean. Your fish will be happy! 1．What may happen if a fish tank is put near a window? A．It may get cold. B．It may get dark. C．It may not work. D．It may get warm. 2．Water may get dirty in a tank because of  ________. A．too much food B．too many rocks C．too much water D．too many hiding places 3．Which is the best title for the article? A．How to Keep Pets B．How to Feed Goldfish C．How to Set up a Goldfish Tank D．How to Choose a Tank for Goldfish 1.（2023·江苏南京·中考真题） Ryan and Ahmed sat on their bicycles at the start of the cyclocross course. Ahmed had been competing in cyclocross for three years, but this was Ryan’s first race. He wished he could remember everything Ahmed had taught him. Ryan reviewed the last six months in his mind. From the moment, Ahmed had first asked whether he would like to try the sport, Ryan had been excited. Ahmed helped Ryan find safety gear. He also explained the importance of practising and set up a plan for the two friends to practise together. Practising was hard. Ryan soon grew bored with working on the same skills over and over. He was ready to race! Ryan ended up skipping (不参加) many of the practices. When Ryan did go to practices, he spent more time doing tricks with his bike than he did listening to Ahmed’s tips. “Now the real fun begins,” Ryan thought as he sat at the starting line. “You need to get serious,” Ahmed warned. “Cyclocross can be dangerous.” Bang! The starting gun went off. The boys rushed off the starting line. Ryan saw the first obstacle (障碍) ahead. It was a series of small hurdles. “Here I go!” Ryan shouted when he reached the hurdles. He jumped off his bike and landed hard on his foot. Next, he had to get his bike onto his shoulder. Ryan could not remember what Ahmed said about shouldering the bike. He tried to pick it up by the wheels but dropped. Finally, he got his bike off the ground. As he ran, he tried to balance the bike on his shoulder. The bike was heavy, and his ankle hurt. Before he knew it, he was lying face-down in the mud. “Are you okay?” Ryan heard his friend ask. Ahmed reached down to help Ryan. Ryan was thankful that Ahmed cared more about him than about the race. He caught Ahmed’s hand and stood. “Ouch!” Ryan cried. It hurt to put weight on his ankle. “You were right, Ahmed. Cyclocross is about more than strength and speed. Can we spend a few more months training together? I want to finish my next cyclocross race!” 1．What’s the main purpose of Paragraph 3? A．To provide more information about cyclocross. B．To show Ryan’s efforts in practising cyclocross. C．To introduce the safety rules of the cyclocross race. D．To leave clues about why Ryan failed in the cyclocross race. 2．Which of the following best describes Ahmed? A．Curious but lazy. B．Friendly but impatient. C．Organized and helpful. D．Confident and humorous. 3．What may happen next according to the passage? A．Ryan will end his friendship with Ahmed. B．Ryan will become serious and train harder. C．Ryan will skip more of the cyclocross practices. D．Ryan will certainly win the next cyclocross race. 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Safety First, Friendship Second B．Cyclocross—Strength and Speed C．A Lesson Learned the Hard Way D．Six Months Spent on the Practice 2.（2023·江苏南京·中考真题） You can volunteer with three or four friends to do a team experiment (实验). First, you need to know a little about the water cycle. The water cycle starts when the sun heats ocean water. The sun converts, or changes, the water into water vapor (蒸气). The sun and wind cause the water vapor to rise into the air. Water vapor cools off in the atmosphere (大气层), or the air that surrounds Earth. Then it changes to drops of water. The drops then cluster, or hold together, forming a cloud. The water in the cloud falls as rain or snow. It may fall back into the ocean, or it may fall on land. If it falls on land, it finally works its way back to the ocean as a water overflow called runoff. As you begin your experiment, remember this amazing fact. The amount of water on Earth now is the same as it was in the past and will be in the future. About 71% of Earth’s surface is water. This includes not only the water in oceans, rivers, and lakes. It also includes the water in clouds, rain, snow, and groundwater and in the icy areas at the North and South Poles. Now make a model of the water cycle with a partner or small group. Use the instructions below: ●Fill cup about halfway with water. ●Add red food color to the water and stir. ●Use the marker to show water level. ●Put the cup in the bag and sea lit. ●Put the bag in a sunny window. After you finish making the water cycle model, watch carefully what happens to the water in the cup. Check the mark showing the water level. You should see that the water level becomes gradually lower. You should also begin to see small drops of water on the sides and bottom of the bag. The water is evaporating (蒸发) from the heat and then changing from the gas created by evaporating to water drops on the sides of the bag. The drops rundown the sides and will begin to collect at the bottom. This is what happens when the sun heats the ocean. Water vapor rises and forms clouds. The drops running down the sides of the bag are like rain filling on Earth. 1．In which part does “runoff” appear in the picture? A．A B．B C．C D．D 2．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Earth’s surface. B．The water on Earth. C．Your experiment. D．This amazing fact. 3．How does the writer introduce the way of making the water cycle model? A．By showing the steps in order. B．By explaining cause and effect. C．By comparing and contrasting. D．By providing the examples in detail. 4．What can we learn from the experiment? A．Successful experiments need a lot of time and hard work. B．Simple experiments can also help understand science well. C．Students do the experiment in order to show their team spirit. D．Students know the amount of water on Earth from the experiment. 5．From which is the passage most probably taken? A．A storybook. B．A book review. C．A science magazine. D．A tourist guide. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业09 阅读理解 阅读理解 方法1　细节理解题——细读法 　　分段细读,注意细节,注意语言结构,抓住主要事实、关键信息,揭示文章结构的内在联系,帮助深化理解。一篇文章是一个有机的整体,段与段之间存在着内在的紧密联系,而每段的内容都与主题有着很重要的联系,所以弄清文章结构上的问题,对于把握文章主题或文章大意非常重要。在通读短文后,带着问题,再到短文中详细地找到答案。 方法2　推理判断题——推理法 　　推理判断是细节理解的延伸,在阅读的时候要根据文章具体事实细节、句子关系去分析和推理,从而达到整体理解的目的。 方法3　主旨大意题——概读法 　　从每篇文章的标题到各个部分都进行概读,以归纳出要点,概括作者的意图、观点、态度,这样就能了解全文的概貌。概读还有助于考生把握上下文之间的意义联系,培养自己的综合概括能力。注意把握好主题句,首段和尾段中的中心句。 方法4　词义猜测题——猜测法 　　要学会根据上下文猜测遇到的新单词,这样既提高了阅读速度又培养了一种能力,这也是英语阅读的关键所在。培养自己的猜词能力是很有必要的,从构词法上,联系文章上下文看是否有释义以及将选项代入短文中理解等方面入手,猜测出新词的词义。 二层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优 记叙文 （1） It was a cleaning day for the family. John and his mom were busy cleaning the house. Then, John’s mom noticed an old chair. That old chair was for John’s grandpa. “John, come and help me,” John’s mom said. “We’ll take the chair to the side of the road. The rubbish truck will come to ▲ tomorrow.” When they tried to move the chair, John’s grandpa saw it and cried. “No! You can’t take my chair,” “But it’s so old,” John’s mom replied. “We’ll buy you a new one.” “No,” he said, trying to get his chair back. John’s mom finally gave up and left. The old man sat into his chair and closed his eyes. “Grandpa, why won’t you let us throw the chair?” John asked. “You don’t understand, John,” His grandpa said, “I sat in this chair with your grandma when I asked her to marry (嫁) me. And I sat in this chair the night your father was born. Many years later, I sat in this chair when the doctor told me that your grandma was badly ill. I was very sad, but the chair gave me comfort (安慰) and warmth.” The old man’s voice changed when he thought of that unlucky day. “I understand.” John looked at his grandpa and said, “this is not just any old chair. It is more like a friend.” “Yes.” he nodded. However, that night, when John and his grandpa were sleeping. John’s parents carried the chair outside. The next morning, John woke up and heard the sound of the rubbish truck. He quickly ran downstairs and found the snow-covered chair stood helplessly at the side of the road. The truck was going to pull (拉) it away. “Wait! Stop!” John shouted and rushed outside. The big noises from the truck suddenly stopped. He then ran back inside and cried, “Mom, you can’t throw out grandpa’s chair. It is like a true friend in his life!” Hearing this, John’s mom ran outside and carefully moved away the snow on the chair. She carried it back with John. 1．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．give it up B．pay for it C．pick it up D．look for it 2．The underlined part “that unlucky day” refers to (指的是) the day when . A．John’s father was born B．Grandpa asked Grandma to marry him C．Grandma was badly ill D．John’s mother married his father 3．How did John feel when he heard the sound of the rubbish truck early in the morning? A．Worried. B．Sorry. C．Surprised. D．Happy. 4．What can we learn about from the story? A．The story happened in summer. B．Grandpa liked collecting old chairs. C．John’s mother bought Grandpa a new chair. D．Grandpa loved Grandma so much. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了爷爷的旧椅子背后的故事以及爷爷对奶奶的感情。 1．词句猜测题。根据“We’ll take the chair to the side of the road.”可知，这个旧椅子不要了，要扔掉，结合“The rubbish truck”可知，垃圾车明天会来取走它的，应用pick up。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Many years later, I sat in this chair when the doctor told me that your grandma was badly ill. I was very sad, but the chair gave me comfort (安慰) and warmth.”可知，这里的that unlucky day是指“奶奶病得很重”的那一天。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“John woke up and heard the sound of the rubbish truck. He quickly ran downstairs and found the snow-covered chair stood helplessly at the side of the road.”和“Mom, you can’t throw out grandpa’s chair. It is like a true friend in his life!”可知，约翰一大早听到垃圾车的声音时很担心，担心垃圾车会把爷爷的椅子带走了。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“No! You can’t take my chair,”和“I sat in this chair with your grandma when I asked her to marry (嫁) me...but the chair gave me comfort (安慰) and warmth.”可知，爷爷舍不得扔掉这把旧椅子，是因为这把椅子承载着他和奶奶的回忆，可推断出爷爷很爱奶奶。故选D。 （2） The next two days it rained and it was very windy, so Mary couldn’t go outside. Then on the third morning when she opened her eyes and looked out of the window, she had a big surprise. She called to Martha “Martha! Come and look at the moor!(荒原)” There was no wind or rain and the sky was quite blue. “Yes,” said Martha with a smile “The spring’s coming.” After breakfast Martha went to visit her mother for the day. Mary felt lonely in the house without her, so she went outside into the bright sunshine. She ran round and round the fountain ten times and soon she started to feel better. Ben Weather staff was in the vegetable garden. He didn’t look angry that day so she went to speak to him. “The spring’s coming”, he said to her. “Can you see those green points in the earth?” Mary looked. “What are they?”she asked. “They’re spring flowers.” Then the robin appeared and sat on the ground near them. “Is spring coming in the secret garden, too?” Mary asked Ben, “Or are all the flowers dead?” “Ask the robin” said Ben Weather staff. “He’s the only one who knows.” And he went back to work. The robin was hopping around on the ground. Mary was watching him when she saw something in the earth. She picked it up. It was an old key. “The key to the secret garden!” she whispered excitedly. Mary looked at the key for a long time. Then she put it in her pocket and walked back to her room. —taken from The Secret Garden 1．What was the weather like on the third morning? A．Sunny B．Windy C．Rainy D．Cloudy 2．What was Ben Weather staff like in Mary’s eyes? A．Kind-hearted. B．angry C．Hard-working D．friendly 3．Why does Ben Weather staff think the spring is coming? A．Because there was no wind or rain and the sky was quite blue. B．Because Martha told him so and he believed her. C．Because he lived on the moor for a long time and he was sure. D．Because there are some green points in the earth. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．An Unusual Robin B．The Spring Comes C．The Key to the Secret Garden D．Ben’s Day in the Garden 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文节选自《秘密花园》，讲述了春天来了，玛丽在花园散心的时候无意捡到了秘密花园的钥匙的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Then on the third morning ...There was no wind or rain and the sky was quite blue.”可知，第三天早上的天气是晴朗的，故选选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“He didn’t look angry that day so she went to speak to him.”（那天他看起来并没有生气，所以她去找他说话。）可知，那天Ben Weather staff没有生气，说明平时在Mary的眼中他是生气的，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Can you see those green points in the earth?”可知，Ben Weather staff认为春天来了是因为地里有一些绿色的点，故选D。 4．标题归纳题。本文讲述了春天来了，玛丽在花园散心的时候无意捡到了秘密花园的钥匙的故事，所以C项“秘密花园的钥匙”最适合做标题。故选C。 （3） Carlos, Marie and their three-year-old little brother Mosh had some free time before dinner. There was a TV show about fire safety, so they watched it. The show was about to end when Mrs. Garza said, “Wash your hands. It’s time for dinner. ” Carlos could hardly wait to surprise his dad with the cake he and Marie made. As soon as dinner was over, Carlos and Marie stood up. “Excuse us,” Carlos said. “We’ll be back in a minute.” The two kids went into the kitchen. Carlos put lots of candles on the cake. After Marie lit (点燃) the candles, Carlos carried the cake to the table. He put it in front of his dad and said, “Happy birthday, Dad. Make a wish and blow out the candles.” Just then Mosh took a bottle (瓶) of water and poured it on the cake. The candles went out. Mr. Garza quickly cleared the table. “Mosh, you ruined (毁坏) Dad’s cake,” Carlos cried. “Fires on birthday candles should be blown out.” “It will be all right,” Mrs. Garza said. “We’ll just give it some time to dry out. I’m sure it will still taste delicious.” “I’m sorry Mosh ruined your surprise,” Marie said. “Mosh gave me a bigger surprise,” Dad said, laughing. “Maybe since my candles went out so fast, my wish will come true soon.” 1．What did the three kids do before dinner? A．They watched TV. B．They bought a cake. C．They did homework. D．They cleaned the room. 2．The underlined word “it” refers to “the ________”. A．table B．cake C．candle D．cup 3．Who poured water on the cake? A．Carlos. B．Marie. C．Mosh. D．Mrs. Garza. 4．Which of the following words can describe Mr. Garza? A．Shy. B．Brave. C．Strict. D．Funny. 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．A Fire Accident B．A Birthday Wish C．A Fire Safety Show D．A Birthday Surprise 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了爸爸生日时，Mosh把水倒在蛋糕上，熄灭了蜡烛，Carlos责怪Mosh毁坏了爸爸的蛋糕，但是爸爸却说这是一个惊喜，因为蜡烛熄灭得这么快，他的愿望很快就会实现。 1．细节理解题。根据“There was a TV show about fire safety, so they watched it. The show was about to end when Mrs. Garza said, ‘Wash your hands. It’s time for dinner.’”可知晚饭前三个孩子在看电视，故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“After Marie lit the candles, Carlos carried the cake to the table.”可知这里的it指的是蛋糕，故选B。 3． 细节理解题。根据“Just then Mosh took a bottle of water and poured it on the cake.”可知Mosh把水倒在蛋糕上，故选C。 4．推理判断题。Shy害羞的；Brave勇敢的；Strict严格的；Funny有趣的。根据最后一段Garza先生说的“Maybe since my candles went out so fast, my wish will come true soon.” 可知，蜡烛被水扑灭了，Garza先生没有责怪孩子，而是换个角度想这件事，所以可推知他是有趣的人。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。根据“Mosh gave me a bigger surprise,”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了爸爸生日时，Mosh把水倒在蛋糕上，熄灭了蜡烛，Carlos责怪Mosh毁坏了爸爸的蛋糕，但是爸爸却说这是一个惊喜，因为蜡烛熄灭得这么快，他的愿望很快就会实现。选项D“一个生日的惊喜”符合题意，故选D。 （4） Long long ago, in a big hot desert (沙漠), there was a lonely tree. It wasn’t like other trees with lots of leaves. This one was having a hard life. With little rain and long hours of hot sun, its leaves dried up from heat. One sunny day, a hawk flew over the desert. He was very tired, hungry and thirsty, so he landed (降落) on the tree’s tallest branch to take a rest. Looking around, the hawk asked the tree, “Hey, why do you keep on living here in this empty (空的), hot place? Why don’t you stay with your family and friends? Who needs you here?” The tree answered, “You do.” “Me?” the hawk was surprised. “I don’t need you. I can fly everywhere, any place is OK.” The tree said, “You can fly away anytime, and that’s true. But think about it. If not for me, you would have to sit on the hot sand instead of (而不是) my branches. Without me, someone might see you alone and wonder why you’re here. When you are sitting on my branches, you think that I need you.” The hawk thought for a moment and agreed. Yes, without the tree, the hawk wouldn’t have anyone to talk to, either. 1．Why did the tree have few leaves? A．Because it felt sad and tired. B．Because of the heavy rain. C．Because it got sick suddenly. D．Because of the hot weather. 2．Which of the following can show the branch of a tree? A． B． C． D． 3．What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us? A．Where the hawk could stand. B．Why the hawk needed the tree. C．When the hawk could fly away. D．What the hawk did in the desert. 4．What did the hawk understand after talking to the tree? A．The tree was important to him. B．The tree needed nobody to talk to. C．He needed another tree to rest on. D．He needed to bring water to the tree. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一则寓言故事。一只老鹰飞到沙漠，很累，它在一棵树上休息，并和这棵树进行了对话；老鹰认为自己不需要树，但树为老鹰提供了休息的地方。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“With little rain and long hours of hot sun, its leaves dried up from heat.”可知，由于少雨和长时间的烈日，树的叶子被热干了。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“He was very tired, hungry and thirsty, so he landed on the tree’s tallest branch to take a rest.”可知，这棵树有最高的树枝，说明树枝较多；选项D图所描述符合语境。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。根据第五段“The tree said, ‘You can fly away anytime, and that’s true. But think about it. If not for me, you would have to sit on the hot sand instead of my branches. Without me, someone might see you alone and wonder why you’re here. When you are sitting on my branches, you think that I need you.’”可知，本段主要讲述了老鹰需要树的原因。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据原文“If not for me, you would have to sit on the hot sand instead of (而不是) my branches. Without me, someone might see you alone and wonder why you’re here. When you are sitting on my branches, you think that I need you”可知，树列举了它对老鹰来说很重要的原因，据此可以推断，老鹰听后明白了，这棵树对它来说很重要。故选A。 议论文 （1） The oil paper umbrella has a history of over 1, 000 years in China. In early Tang Dynasty, it was introduced (引进) to Japan and Korea, so it was called the “Tang Umbrella”. However, as steel-ribbed (钢骨的) came out in the last century, the hand-made oil paper umbrellas were less popular. Yuhang in Hangzhou is known for making oil paper umbrellas for more than 230 years. They are mainly made of skin paper, bamboo, a coating of Tung oil (桐油). They need to take more than 70 steps, including making bamboo ribs, pasting paper (糊纸) and painting pictures. It takes at least a week to make an umbrella. In 2015, Liu Weixue, left a well-paid job to learn the traditional art from his grandfather. Now, he is a master of making oil paper umbrellas. “I want to bring the art to life,” Liu said. He improved (改进) the umbrellas to win the hearts of young people. As the traditional paper was easy to break, he started to use a kind of thicker paper. In the test, his umbrellas were opened and closed for 1, 000 times without breaking. He used a kind of lighter bamboo to make the umbrellas weigh less. In 2017, Liu opened an online shop to sell oil paper umbrellas. Now Liu’s shop has more than 80, 000 followers. He hopes to pass on the traditional art. He goes to local schools to teach students. He also goes to activities in different places to show more people about the art. 1．What step do people not take in making an oil paper umbrella in Yuhang? A．Making steel ribs. B．Pasting paper. C．Painting pictures. D．Brushing Tung oil. 2．Why did Liu Weixue learn the art of making Yuhang oil paper umbrellas? A．He couldn’t find a better job. B．He wanted to bring the art to life. C．Young people liked the fashion. D．His grandfather told him to learn. 3．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．The oil paper umbrellas first appeared in Western countries. B．It is easy for people to make a Yuhang oil paper umbrella. C．The oil paper umbrellas made by Liu are heavier but stronger. D．Liu Weixue is a creative and hard-working man. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The ways of using oil paper umbrellas. B．The wonderful design of oil paper umbrellas. C．The special styles of oil paper umbrellas. D．The past and present of oil paper umbrellas. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了油纸伞的历史和现在的情况。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“They are mainly made of skin paper, bamboo, a coating of Tung oil (桐油). They need to take more than 70 steps, including making bamboo ribs, pasting paper (糊纸) and painting pictures.”可知，余杭人做油纸伞不包括制作钢骨。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“I want to bring the art to life”可知，刘伟学学习制作余杭油纸伞艺术，是因为他想把这种艺术带到生活中。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“He improved (改进) the umbrellas to win the hearts of young people.”和第四段“In 2017, Liu opened an online shop to sell oil paper umbrellas. Now Liu’s shop has more than 80, 000 followers.”可推知，刘伟学是一个有创造力而且工作努力的人。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了油纸伞的历史和现在的情况。故选D。 （2） Do you know a “shore keeper (海岸卫士)”? In fact, it’s not a job for people like zookeeper. It is a job for a special kind of forest—mangrove forest. In China, we call it hongshulin or “red forest”. Let’s go into a mangrove forest to have a look. They grow near the sea. They can grow up to 10 meters. They keep the land from the sea. This way, they protect the land from strong winds and waves. The trees stand tidy team, with shorter ones standing at the front and taller ones at the back. When typhoons (台风) come, they protect the towns nearby. Like other trees, mangrove trees take in CO2 to make oxygen (氧气). They are helping to keep the air clean and slow down weather change on Earth. Mangrove trees can grow up to 10 meters. Many wild birds live here. Many birds stop by for food during their trip. Are the trees red? No, mangrove trees don’t have red leaves or flowers. They are green. But they have special bark (树皮). Their bark can be used to make red dyes (染料). The bark gets air through small holes. The holes can close during high tide (涨潮). This way, the tree won’t die. Some parts of the roots (根) grow out of the water. They need more oxygen to live. They are also homes to snakes and lizards. The roots grow in salty water. They are not easy to get through. They make great homes for baby sea animals, like baby lobsters, baby turtles and baby fish. They can keep away from big animals. 1．What does the third paragraph tell us? A．How mangrove trees help the earth. B．Where mangrove trees always grow. C．What mangrove trees do during high tide. D．How mangrove forests make the air fresh. 2．How does the mangrove forest help us? a. It protects us from bad weather. b. It gives out oxygen. c. It gives food to migratory birds. d. It builds more houses. A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd 3．Why is the mangrove forest called “red forest”? A．Because the trees have red leaves and flowers. B．Because the trees live freely along the Red Sea. C．Because red dyes can be made from the bark of the trees. D．Because the trees’ roots are red when they meet the water. 4．What do we know about mangrove trees? A．They only get air through roots, they can keep the air clean. B．They are one of the oldest trees and can grow up to 10 meters. C．They may die during high tide because there are many large holes. D．They grow in salty water and are homes to some baby sea animals. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了红树林的生长习性和它们的功能。 1．主旨大意题。根据“They keep the land from the sea. This way, they protect the land from strong winds and waves.”可知，第三段告诉我们红树林如何帮助保护地球，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“When typhoons (台风) come, they protect the towns nearby.”可知，红树林保护我们免受恶劣天气的影响；根据“Like other trees, mangrove trees take in CO2 to make oxygen (氧气).”可知，红树林释放氧气；根据“Many wild birds live here. Many birds stop by for food during their trip.”可知，红树林为候鸟提供食物。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“But they have special bark (树皮). Their bark can be used to make red dyes (染料).”可知，因为红树林的树皮可以制成红色的染料，因此红树林被称为“红色森林”，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“The roots grow in salty water. They are not easy to get through. They make great homes for baby sea animals, like baby lobsters, baby turtles and baby fish.”可知。红树林生长在咸水中，是一些海洋动物宝宝的家园。故选D。 （3） In the 13th century the famous Italian traveller Marco Polo travelled a long way to China. During his stay in China, he saw many wonderful things. One of the things he discovered was paper money. In Western countries, people did not use paper money until the 15th century. However, people in China began to use paper money in the 7th century. A Chinese man called Cai Lun invented paper almost 2, 000 years ago. He made it from wood. He took the wood from trees and made it into paper. He then put these pieces of paper together and made them into a book. Now paper still comes from trees. We use a lot of paper every day. If we keep on wasting so much paper, there will not be any trees left on the earth. If there are no trees, there will be no paper. Every day, people throw away about 2, 800 tons of paper. It takes 17 trees to make one ton of paper. This means that we are cutting nearly 48, 000 trees every day. Since it takes more than 10 years for a tree to grow, we must start using less paper now. If we don’t, we will not have enough time to grow more trees to take the place of those we use for paper. So, can we save paper? We can use both sides of every piece of paper, especially when we are making notes. We can choose drinks in bottles instead of those in paper packets. We can also use cotton handkerchiefs but not paper ones. When we go shopping, we can use fewer paper bags. If the shop assistant does give us a paper bag, we can save it and reuse it later. Everyone can help to save paper. If we all try our best, we can help protect trees. And we should do it now before it is too late. 1．When he was in China, Marco Polo ________. A．discovered Cai Lun invented paper B．learned to make paper C．saw many wonderful things D．read a lot books 2．Which of the following is NOT the way of saving paper according the passage? A．To use both sides of every piece of paper. B．To grow more trees. C．To use cotton handkerchiefs instead of paper ones. D．To use the paper bags from shops more than once. 3．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Saving Paper B．The History of Paper C．Cotton Handkerchief Back Again D．Cai Lun—the Great Inventor 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了我国是最早用木头制造纸和使用纸的国家，但是现在，浪费纸张成了一个大问题，呼吁大家都要节约用纸。 1．细节理解题。根据“In the 13th century the famous Italian traveller Marco Polo travelled a long way to China. During his stay in China, he saw many wonderful things.”可知马可波罗在中国的时候看到了许多美妙的事情。故选C。 2． 细节理解题。根据“So, can we save paper? We can use both sides of every piece of paper…If the shop assistant does give us a paper bag, we can save it and reuse it later.”可知选项B“多种树”不是节省纸张的方法。故选B。 3．最佳标题题。根据“Everyone can help to save paper. If we all try our best, we can help protect trees. And we should do it now before it is too late.”及全文可知本文主要通过讲述纸的历史及现状来呼吁大家要节约用纸，因此“Saving Paper”可作为标题。故选A。 （4） Goldfish are good pets. They are easy to care for. But they need the right home. Fish need more than a bowl. They are too small. Goldfish belong in tanks. A tank is better than a bowl. It holds more water. Your fish will have more room. First, choose a place for the tank. Pick a safe spot. Put it where it will not fall. Do not put it near a window. The water will get too warm. Next, add tiny rocks. Put in plants. You can add toy ships. These make good hiding places. Fish like hiding. Finally, add water. Wait before adding your fish. Check that the water stays clean. Buy a pump. It cleans the water. Dirty water makes fish sick. Now you can add your fish! You will bring it home in a bag. The bag will be filled with water. Let the bag float in the tank. The fish will get used to the tank. Then, open the bag. The fish will swim out! Buy food for your fish. Do not feed it too much! Extra food makes the water dirty. It sinks to the bottom. Just give your fish what it can eat. Put a cover on the tank. This keeps the fish safe. Nothing can fall into the tank. Your fish cannot jump out. If the cover has a light, you can watch your fish at night. Each week the tank needs to be cleaned. Take out some old water. Add new water. Scrape the walls of the tank if they look dirty. But do not worry. It does not have to be spotless. Just keep the water clean. Your fish will be happy! 1．What may happen if a fish tank is put near a window? A．It may get cold. B．It may get dark. C．It may not work. D．It may get warm. 2．Water may get dirty in a tank because of  ________. A．too much food B．too many rocks C．too much water D．too many hiding places 3．Which is the best title for the article? A．How to Keep Pets B．How to Feed Goldfish C．How to Set up a Goldfish Tank D．How to Choose a Tank for Goldfish 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了养金鱼的方法和注意事项。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Do not put it near a window. The water will get too warm.”可知放在窗户旁边水会变热。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第六段“Extra food makes the water dirty.”可知食物太多可导致水箱里的水变脏。故选A。 3．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍到从为鱼准备鱼缸到养鱼的各种注意事项，故本文在教大家如何喂养金鱼。故选B。 1.（2023·江苏南京·中考真题） Ryan and Ahmed sat on their bicycles at the start of the cyclocross course. Ahmed had been competing in cyclocross for three years, but this was Ryan’s first race. He wished he could remember everything Ahmed had taught him. Ryan reviewed the last six months in his mind. From the moment, Ahmed had first asked whether he would like to try the sport, Ryan had been excited. Ahmed helped Ryan find safety gear. He also explained the importance of practising and set up a plan for the two friends to practise together. Practising was hard. Ryan soon grew bored with working on the same skills over and over. He was ready to race! Ryan ended up skipping (不参加) many of the practices. When Ryan did go to practices, he spent more time doing tricks with his bike than he did listening to Ahmed’s tips. “Now the real fun begins,” Ryan thought as he sat at the starting line. “You need to get serious,” Ahmed warned. “Cyclocross can be dangerous.” Bang! The starting gun went off. The boys rushed off the starting line. Ryan saw the first obstacle (障碍) ahead. It was a series of small hurdles. “Here I go!” Ryan shouted when he reached the hurdles. He jumped off his bike and landed hard on his foot. Next, he had to get his bike onto his shoulder. Ryan could not remember what Ahmed said about shouldering the bike. He tried to pick it up by the wheels but dropped. Finally, he got his bike off the ground. As he ran, he tried to balance the bike on his shoulder. The bike was heavy, and his ankle hurt. Before he knew it, he was lying face-down in the mud. “Are you okay?” Ryan heard his friend ask. Ahmed reached down to help Ryan. Ryan was thankful that Ahmed cared more about him than about the race. He caught Ahmed’s hand and stood. “Ouch!” Ryan cried. It hurt to put weight on his ankle. “You were right, Ahmed. Cyclocross is about more than strength and speed. Can we spend a few more months training together? I want to finish my next cyclocross race!” 1．What’s the main purpose of Paragraph 3? A．To provide more information about cyclocross. B．To show Ryan’s efforts in practising cyclocross. C．To introduce the safety rules of the cyclocross race. D．To leave clues about why Ryan failed in the cyclocross race. 2．Which of the following best describes Ahmed? A．Curious but lazy. B．Friendly but impatient. C．Organized and helpful. D．Confident and humorous. 3．What may happen next according to the passage? A．Ryan will end his friendship with Ahmed. B．Ryan will become serious and train harder. C．Ryan will skip more of the cyclocross practices. D．Ryan will certainly win the next cyclocross race. 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Safety First, Friendship Second B．Cyclocross—Strength and Speed C．A Lesson Learned the Hard Way D．Six Months Spent on the Practice 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了Ryan首次参加自行车越野赛的经历。 1．主旨大意题。根据第三段的描述可知，Ryan在训练中缺乏耐心、忽视练习、沉迷技巧，暗示他在比赛中失败的原因（如摔倒、无法正确扛车）。这些细节为后文的失败埋下伏笔。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Ahmed helped Ryan find safety gear...explained the importance of practising and set up a plan”以及比赛中“Ahmed reached down to help Ryan”可知，Ahmed始终有条理地指导Ryan（制定计划）、主动提供帮助（找装备、赛后关心）。可以看出他有条理，乐于助人。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据结尾Ryan的反思“Can we spend a few more months training together? I want to finish my next race!”可知，他意识到训练的重要性，并请求Ahmed继续帮助。结合前文他因不认真训练而失败，可推断他会严肃对待训练。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。全文围绕Ryan因轻视训练导致比赛失败，最终领悟，核心是通过挫折学习教训。故选C。 2.（2023·江苏南京·中考真题） You can volunteer with three or four friends to do a team experiment (实验). First, you need to know a little about the water cycle. The water cycle starts when the sun heats ocean water. The sun converts, or changes, the water into water vapor (蒸气). The sun and wind cause the water vapor to rise into the air. Water vapor cools off in the atmosphere (大气层), or the air that surrounds Earth. Then it changes to drops of water. The drops then cluster, or hold together, forming a cloud. The water in the cloud falls as rain or snow. It may fall back into the ocean, or it may fall on land. If it falls on land, it finally works its way back to the ocean as a water overflow called runoff. As you begin your experiment, remember this amazing fact. The amount of water on Earth now is the same as it was in the past and will be in the future. About 71% of Earth’s surface is water. This includes not only the water in oceans, rivers, and lakes. It also includes the water in clouds, rain, snow, and groundwater and in the icy areas at the North and South Poles. Now make a model of the water cycle with a partner or small group. Use the instructions below: ●Fill cup about halfway with water. ●Add red food color to the water and stir. ●Use the marker to show water level. ●Put the cup in the bag and sea lit. ●Put the bag in a sunny window. After you finish making the water cycle model, watch carefully what happens to the water in the cup. Check the mark showing the water level. You should see that the water level becomes gradually lower. You should also begin to see small drops of water on the sides and bottom of the bag. The water is evaporating (蒸发) from the heat and then changing from the gas created by evaporating to water drops on the sides of the bag. The drops rundown the sides and will begin to collect at the bottom. This is what happens when the sun heats the ocean. Water vapor rises and forms clouds. The drops running down the sides of the bag are like rain filling on Earth. 1．In which part does “runoff” appear in the picture? A．A B．B C．C D．D 2．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Earth’s surface. B．The water on Earth. C．Your experiment. D．This amazing fact. 3．How does the writer introduce the way of making the water cycle model? A．By showing the steps in order. B．By explaining cause and effect. C．By comparing and contrasting. D．By providing the examples in detail. 4．What can we learn from the experiment? A．Successful experiments need a lot of time and hard work. B．Simple experiments can also help understand science well. C．Students do the experiment in order to show their team spirit. D．Students know the amount of water on Earth from the experiment. 5．From which is the passage most probably taken? A．A storybook. B．A book review. C．A science magazine. D．A tourist guide. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要是介绍水循环的科普知识，并提供了详细的实验步骤。 1．推理判断题。根据“If it falls on land, it finally works its way back to the ocean as a water overflow called runoff.”可知，如果它落在陆地上，它最终会以一种叫做径流的水溢出的方式返回海洋。所以“runoff”指的是雨水落到陆地上后最终流回海洋的过程。在图示中，D所示的箭头表示地表径流（即从陆地流回海洋）。故选D。 2．代词指代题。根据“The amount of water on Earth now is the same as it was in the past and will be in the future. About 71% of Earth’s surface is water. This includes not only the water in oceans, rivers, and lakes.”可知，现在地球上的水量与过去一样，未来也将如此。大约71%的地球表面是水。这不仅包括海洋、河流和湖泊中的水。此处This指的是“地球上的水”，故选B。 3．细节理解题。文中用“●”分条罗列了做实验的步骤，按照顺序一步步介绍如何制作一个水循环模型，故选A。 4．推理判断题。通过这个简单的 “杯子+塑料袋” 实验就能观察到蒸发、凝结和降水等水循环现象，说明简单的实验也能帮助我们更好地理解科学，故选B。 5．推理判断题。本文主要是介绍水循环的科普知识，并提供了详细的实验步骤，最可能出自科普类的科学杂志，故选C。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$