暑假作业13 首字母填空-【暑假分层作业】2025年八年级英语暑假培优练（牛津译林版）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业13 首字母填空 这种题型难度相对较大,考生失分现象比较严重。考生要仔细阅读全文,利用上下文提供的有关信息,仔细阅读相关句子,判断所缺单词在句中所作的成分,这样才能写出正确答案。要做好此类题目,考生不但要有较强的语感,善于体会上下文的内在联系,而且还要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。 解题步骤 1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。 2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断句子成分。 3.判断空格单词在句子成分里的词性，缩小范围。 4.联系上下文，找关键信息推测出答案。 5.通读短文，检查答案。注意时态，语法，以及词性等问题。 解题技巧 1.理清文章脉络 　　首字母填空有种“另类完形填空”的感觉。所以在解题技巧上两者有共通之处,先要通读整篇 文章,了解文章主要描述了什么,要表达什么意思,在弄清楚了文章大意和中心思想后,在答题时就能 够大致划定单词的范围。在通读文章的过程中,对于容易确定的答案可先填上。 例1    Here are some t　　      to help improve children's working memory. 2.找出提示词 　　解题时注意段落的首句和尾句,这两个地方会提供不少解题信息。有的短文只有一段,这时要仔细推敲设空处的上下文,找到关键词句,抓住关键信息,可按照文章段落句子的意思,猜测每个空逻辑上符合的词义,并根据首字母的提示,进一步缩小单词可选范围,最终确定答案。 例2    Eating vegetables does not make us f because they are low in calories. 例3 Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself? 3.确定适当形式 仅仅确定了单词可能还不是最终答案,要根据文章实际情况,变换词形。确定了填写某个单词之后,要考虑语法是否正确,是否符合句式结构,能否使得文章变通顺。 动词的填写,要判断所在段落句子的时态,根据不同的情况,动词有原形、过去式、第三人称单数、过去分词等几种形式;名词的填写,要考虑是否可数、名词单复数的变化;形容词的填写,要考虑是否要用比较级或最高级等。这些都是要在最终确定答案前要考虑到的。 例4   This is not because they are the most nutritious, but because they are the (71)e to grow. 例5   The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c       by many as the “treasure of the museum”. 二层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优 （1） 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空一词) Tom and Joe met Huck who agreed with their plan about starting a life of crime on Jackson’s Island with some food and tools in the boat. In the midnight, they l 1 on the island 5 kilometers away and let the boat go down the Missouri river. “It is just the life for me,” said Tom. “I don’t need to get up early to hurry to school, and wash, and all those foolish things. I’m free now.” The other t 2 cheered too. It seemed wonderful for them to live comfortably on the l 3 but happy island. On Wednesday, Tom returned home and hid under the bed. He heard everyone missed them very much and s 4 the river, they thought the boys had drowned. “Poor Tom, he wasn’t r 5 bad, he never meant any harm, and he had a good heart.” Aunt Polly said and began to cry. They were going to wait until S 6 for their funerals. Tom had a new plan in his head; then he went back to his island and told everything to Joe and Huck. That Saturday afternoon, Aunt Polly’s family prepared their black funeral clothes for the next day with great s 7 . Even the weekend was difficult for children, who had no pleasure in their games. When Sunday school finished, funeral began in the town church. Almost all the villagers came in black and n 8 remembered when the church had been so full. Everybody thought they have made a mistake to see only p 9 in the boys, people all cried. Suddenly, there was a slight noise, people all turned around and saw the three “d 10 ” boys walking up the door way. Aunt Polly and Joe’s families covered their boys with kisses and thanks. —Taken from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer （2） 根据对话内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使对话完整。（每空一词） The three girls were very kind to us. They p 1 a lovely dinner and gave us their bedrooms to sleep in. I felt really b 2 that the king and the duke were cheating (欺骗) them. I must do s 3 to stop them. So I put the bag of gold under Peter’s hands b 4 the coffin (棺材) were closed and taken to the graveyard. Later the king and the duke organised a sale to get money. It was a 5 over when two people came: very nice-looking gentlemen, an old one and a younger one. The old man began to s 6 . “I am Harvey Wilks and this is my brother William,” he said. I wasn’t expecting this. The king wasn’t either, but he didn’t show his s 7 . He laughed and said, “They are telling a lie!” All the people shouted to agree e 8 Doctor Robinson and Levi Bell. “We must find out the truth,” Levi Bell said. “Can you prove (证明) you are Peter Wilks’ brothers?” The old gentleman t 9 for a moment. Then he turned to the king and said, “Peter had a tattoo on his chest. What was it?” The king’s face went p 10 and didn’t say anything for a few minutes. Then he said, “I can tell you. It was a small blue arrow.” — Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn （3） 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） My name is Huckleberry Finn. I live in the town of St. Petersburg in the state of Missouri. It’s a small town but it’s near a very big river c 1 the Mississippi. This is the story of a journey that I made down that river on a raft. Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich. We got $6,000 e 2 . Judge Thatcher put it in the bank. I didn’t have a f 3 or a home. My mother died a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. I didn’t go to school like the other boys of my a 4 . I lived on the streets and in the woods. Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas invited me to live with her and my life c 5 . She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day. I didn’t like going there at first b 6 learning was very difficult. But when I could read and write a bit, I was g 7 to go. For me, eating my meals at the table and sleeping in a soft bed were the h 8 things. I missed my old life. Sometimes I ran away and spent a few days in the woods. I felt f 9 there and I was happy. I fished and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars. The months passed and w 10 came. The weather got cold. One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the widow’s house. There was a cross on the heel of the left one. My heart jumped. Only one person wore boots with a cross on the left heel! Pap! —Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn （4） 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词） China is an old country with a rich culture. When travelling to China, understanding Chinese c 1 and customs (习俗) is important for you to behave in a good way. It’s becoming popular for foreigners to be i 2 into Chinese homes. Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e 3 . Chinese people are known to be very welcoming (好客). When you’re invited to a Chinese family’s home, make sure that you arrive on time. Don’t forget to say good words about s 4 special you like in the house. Gifts are usually given when visiting someone’s home or being invited for dinner. Chinese people like to r 5 fruit or tea in a nice box or basket. After some small talks, c 6 the dinner. A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, full of delicious food and conversation. When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody e 7 is doing and try to do the same. You’d better eat plenty of food to show you’re enjoying it. Don’t finish off the w 8 dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has prepared enough food. For foreigners, Chinese people may be very curious (好奇的). Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f 9 time. So, don’t be surprised to be asked things like your age, your education or your work. You do not have to answer these questions. If you don’t want to talk about your own life, just explain to them. Enjoy y 10 in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese. As a guest in China, you will get special treatment. And your hosts make sure you will have a good time. （5） 根据对话内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使对话完整。（每空一词） Well, here we were , stuck on the steamboat with two bad men inside. “We’ve got to find their boat now,” I told Jim. “We need it for ourselves.” Jim was so afraid that he was s 1 . I was nervous too. But we had to keep calm. Soon we found their small boat tied up on the side. Jim and I hopped in that boat quickly and c 2 the rope. We pushed off and headed down the river, looking for our raft (竹筏). We floated along for several miles and then we found it and were on b 3 . We floated along for about three days. Then the river opened up and we knew we were heading in the right d 4 . We wanted to get to Cairo, a town on the Ohio River. It was a f 5 place, and Jim would no longer be a salve (奴隶) there. But we had to be c 6 not to pass it. Jim hid in a small house during the day in order not to be s 7 . But one day I saw a couple of men heading our way. They were looking for five runaway slaves.They asked me if my partner was black and wanted to c 8 the boat. I told them that it was my father. He was white and he was really s 9 . “What’s wrong with him?”the man asked. “He’s got smallpox (天花),”I lied.“Can you help him ?” “Stay a 10 from us!”they shouted and started running away quickly. I was glad to see them go. —Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn （6） 请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1~10的相应位置上。 For thousands of years, the Chinese people have had a deep respect (尊敬) for Loong, the Chinese dragon. In China, you’ll find pictures of dragons almost e 51 especially in palaces and temples. Some of them are more than 3, 500 years old. Many Chinese artists have tried their hand at painting the dragon. Chen Rong, a great painter in the Southern Song Dynasty, was among t 1 . His Nine Dragons is one of the greatest paintings of the Chinese dragon. Chen Rong was born in Fujian in 1200. He once w 2 for the government in Hangzhou. As an officer, he wasn’t very s 3 . However, he achieved a great success in poetry, calligraphy (书法) and painting. It was said that Chen Rong u 4 to paint after drinking a lot of wine. After getting drunk, he would shout loudly, put his scarf in ink and pour the ink madly on paper. After that, he would use b 5 to finish his work. His words on Nine Dragons show that he finished it when he was completely drunk. The painting Nine Dragons d 6 nine dragons rolling, swimming and dancing among clouds, waves, fires and cliffs. It shows Chen’s great sadness in his life and his great s 7 in brush work. Nine Dragons was once treasured at court (宫廷), the Qianlong Emperor spoke highly of it. He liked the painting so much that he told a painter to make a c 8 of it. Sadly, Nine Dragons is not c 9 by any Chinese museum. If you want to see it with your own eyes, you have to visit the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. The museum bought the painting in 1917 for $25, 000. At present the market price of it is about 500 million yuan. （7） 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整, 每空一词。 The earth is our home. Some things we have done are good for the earth w 1 some are bad. We have polluted the earth, and it is sick now. We cut down too many trees, so lots of rich land has c 2 into desert. Factories pour wastewater into river. Pollution has caused many s 3 problems. The earth is crying for help. What shall we do to save it? We should be different from many consumers (消费者) and become “green consumers”. This means that we can buy and use things f 4 to the environment. We can also recycle as many things as possible. We should also try to be “greener people”. We can plant more trees. We can ride bikes or take buses to r 5 air pollution. We shall never leave a room with the lights on. We can save water by taking shorter showers and t 6 off the tap when brushing teeth. We should r 7 to separate waste into different groups before throwing it away. After all, we have o 8 one Earth. We should do everything to p 9 it, or we will be punished and lose our home. Lean to live in new and different ways, and we can make a d 10 . （8） Oxfam International, usually known as Oxfam, is one of the biggest charities. Oxfam’s ideas are simple: everybody in the world must have the right to live, f 1 to keep them healthy, clean water to drink and medical care. All these ideas are connected. Oxfam began its work d 2 World War Ⅱ. At that time the Greeks didn’t have enough to eat because of the war. People in Oxford d 3 to give money and food to people in Greece. So the name Oxfam comes from two w 4 —Oxford and Famine (饥荒). After the war Oxfam joined other organizations to form Oxfam International. Nowadays this charity helps people in over ninety c 5 in Africa, South America and Asia. Oxfam works in two ways. Firstly, it o 6 help in emergencies (紧急事件). In 2010 there was a big earthquake in Haiti. Over 200,000 people died and many more l 7 their homes. Doctors and volunteers provided medical help and gave out food and brought clean water to the villages. The s 8 way Oxfam works is to help people prevent future disasters. Oxfam has started a project called GROW, which helps farmers produce more and better food. But how does Oxfam pay for it all? In order to raise money, this charity has run charity shops, where you can buy things that people d 9 , like clothes, toys and food. Another way to get money is with “ambassadors”, famous people who do voluntary work for charities and collect money. Ambassadors have different skills b 10 the message they send is the same—we should do what we can to help people in need! （9） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Many of you should have heard of Tiangong Kaiwu. It is one of the greatest technological encyclopedias written in C 1 . But how much do you know about its author, Song Yingxing? Song was a great scientist d 2 the late Ming dynasty. He was born in 1587 and had a happy childhood. He and his brother Song Yingshen g went to school together. Song won third place while Yingming won sixth in the provincial Imperial Exam (科举考试). Later, they took the national Imperial Exam, but they b 3 failed. Song worked as a teacher for many years. Meanwhile, he sat for the national Imperial Exam for another four times. Unluckily, he never achieved success. On his repeated trips to the capital to take the exams, however, he learned about the technologies that were being used in d 4 fields. His wide k 5 enabled him to create Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s. The book c 6 more than 130 technologies. There were also many illustrations (插图) to help with the understanding of the text. The book became popular soon a 7 it came out. The Ming dynasty fell in 1644, but they were loyal to the Ming government. They r 8 to serve the new Qing government. Song lived a poor life in the rest of his life. In his final years, he wrote many articles and poems a 9 the new government. Years later, some Qing officials found these articles and poems. They were so angry that they destroyed all of Song’s works. However, Tiangong Kaiwu had already s 10 to many other countries. （10） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 On 18 May, International Museum Day is celebrated around the world. It’s an event that aims to make people think about what museums o 1 and why they are exciting places to visit. A museum is a place where objects from far away or long ago are d 2 for the public to enjoy. There are hundreds of museums around the UK. What can you e 3 to see in a typical museum? Things can include animal skeletons from around the world, dinosaur remains, ancient tools, important paintings and items belonging to kings and queens. Museums have all kinds of things that will amaze and c 4 your attention. For example, the Oxford University Museum of Natural History has bones and skin of the extinct dodo bird. There are no o 5 dodo remains like this in the world. As well as things to see, there are fun attractions to e 6 . London’s Natural History Museum has an earthquake simulator and at the National Space Centre, you can ride in a lift alongside a space rocket. “I have been to lots of museums. I enjoy visiting museums because you go back in time and imagine w 7 life was like back then. I really like museums that let you play and interact with some of the artifacts.” So how to visit the museums? Start with a l 8 museum. With the help of an adult, search online for a place that’s near you and see what attractions it has and when it’s o 9 . Check if you need to pay to visit and whether you must book before going. Museums can get very b 10 at weekends and during school holidays. 1.（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Even though my grandfather was a farmer, my grandmother would iron his work clothes every day. Grandmother mixed up her own starch (淀粉浆) in a glass b 1 with a metal cap that had several holes. She sprinkled Grandfather’s jeans with the starch, hung them over a chair for a few minutes, and then i 2 them. Because I watched her do this through my childhood, I thought every old woman did it. But as the years passed, I began to question this p 3 . Why did Grandfather need his work clothes ironed? Most days, he never saw anyone b 4 me and maybe a few other farmers. The clothes became dirty in just a short time. Why did Grandmother s 5 devote time and effort to ironing Grandfather’s clothes that were rarely seen? One day when I was about 13, I asked Grandmother about it. She told me Grandfather was the most handsome man in the world. Later that day, I looked c 6 at Grandfather. He sure didn’t look so handsome to me. He was short and fat with false teeth (假牙). Later I told her my thought. She gave me a girlish smile and said, “You just aren’t looking in the right light, Cathy. I remember when he had r 7 teeth. He has the most beautiful eyes I have ever seen. They are e 8 the same color as the sky just before the sun goes down. I want the world to see my h 9 as the most beautiful man. I want him to feel beautiful. I iron his clothes every day because for all these years, he has made me feel beautiful.” The years went on, and I watched Grandmother and Grandfather grow old together. I was probably 30 when I u 10 what beauty really was. It was Grandmother ironing Grandfather’s jeans with starch from a glass bottle. 2.（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Peter Pan wishes Wendy, John and Michael, especially Wendy, would stay in Neverland forever, but finally the Darling children decide to fly back home and grow up. “Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S 1 the window. Then when Wendy comes back, she will think her mother doesn’t love her anymore, and she will return to Neverland with me.” Mrs. Darling is playing the piano. Peter didn’t know the tune, Home, Sweet Home, b 2 he knows it’s saying, “Come back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter looks through the door and sees two big tears in Mrs. Darling’s eyes. “She loves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I love Wendy, too. We c 3 both have her.” He looks at Mrs. Darling again. The two tears are still sitting on her e 4 . “Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he opens the window. When Wendy, John, and Michael arrive, they find the window o 5 for them. They all get into bed to surprise their mother. When Mrs. Darling goes back to the children’s room, they are all in their beds. They wait for her to say something, but she says n 6 . She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire. The children are so w 7 . Why isn’t their mother happy to see them again? All three of them jump out of bed, run to her and shout, “Mother!” She realizes she is not d 8 anymore. Mr. Darling and Nana come in. They are all so happy. Peter w 9 them from the window but he is looking at something he will never have. Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g 10 up and has a daughter of her own. Peter is still a boy who can’t grow up. —Taken from Peter Pan 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业13 首字母填空 这种题型难度相对较大,考生失分现象比较严重。考生要仔细阅读全文,利用上下文提供的有关信息,仔细阅读相关句子,判断所缺单词在句中所作的成分,这样才能写出正确答案。要做好此类题目,考生不但要有较强的语感,善于体会上下文的内在联系,而且还要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。 解题步骤 1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。 2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断句子成分。 3.判断空格单词在句子成分里的词性，缩小范围。 4.联系上下文，找关键信息推测出答案。 5.通读短文，检查答案。注意时态，语法，以及词性等问题。 解题技巧 1.理清文章脉络 　　首字母填空有种“另类完形填空”的感觉。所以在解题技巧上两者有共通之处,先要通读整篇 文章,了解文章主要描述了什么,要表达什么意思,在弄清楚了文章大意和中心思想后,在答题时就能 够大致划定单词的范围。在通读文章的过程中,对于容易确定的答案可先填上。 例1    Here are some t　　      to help improve children's working memory. 解题思路    下文各个段落是在讲“如何帮助提高孩子们的工作记忆”。所以此处可用ways, suggestions, tips等词。根据首字母t可知,此处填tips。 2.找出提示词 　　解题时注意段落的首句和尾句,这两个地方会提供不少解题信息。有的短文只有一段,这时要仔细推敲设空处的上下文,找到关键词句,抓住关键信息,可按照文章段落句子的意思,猜测每个空逻辑上符合的词义,并根据首字母的提示,进一步缩小单词可选范围,最终确定答案。 例2    Eating vegetables does not make us f because they are low in calories. 解题思路    根据空后“because they are low in calories”可知,蔬菜是低卡路里的食物,所以不会让人发胖,故填fat。 例3 Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself? 解题思路    all the other后接可数名词复数。根据上文“Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from...”可知是把扬州中国大运河博物馆和中国其他的大运河博物馆作比较。故填museums。 3.确定适当形式 仅仅确定了单词可能还不是最终答案,要根据文章实际情况,变换词形。确定了填写某个单词之后,要考虑语法是否正确,是否符合句式结构,能否使得文章变通顺。 动词的填写,要判断所在段落句子的时态,根据不同的情况,动词有原形、过去式、第三人称单数、过去分词等几种形式;名词的填写,要考虑是否可数、名词单复数的变化;形容词的填写,要考虑是否要用比较级或最高级等。这些都是要在最终确定答案前要考虑到的。 例4   This is not because they are the most nutritious, but because they are the (71)e to grow. 解题思路    根据空前的“This is not because they are the most nutritious”可知,此处也需要填最高级,根据语境、常识和首字母可知,此处表示它们是最容易种植的,故填easiest。 例5   The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c       by many as the “treasure of the museum”. 解题思路    consider...as...认为……是……。根据主语The...Bian River section和空格后的by many可 知,此句用被动语态。故填过去分词considered。 二层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优 （1） 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空一词) Tom and Joe met Huck who agreed with their plan about starting a life of crime on Jackson’s Island with some food and tools in the boat. In the midnight, they l 1 on the island 5 kilometers away and let the boat go down the Missouri river. “It is just the life for me,” said Tom. “I don’t need to get up early to hurry to school, and wash, and all those foolish things. I’m free now.” The other t 2 cheered too. It seemed wonderful for them to live comfortably on the l 3 but happy island. On Wednesday, Tom returned home and hid under the bed. He heard everyone missed them very much and s 4 the river, they thought the boys had drowned. “Poor Tom, he wasn’t r 5 bad, he never meant any harm, and he had a good heart.” Aunt Polly said and began to cry. They were going to wait until S 6 for their funerals. Tom had a new plan in his head; then he went back to his island and told everything to Joe and Huck. That Saturday afternoon, Aunt Polly’s family prepared their black funeral clothes for the next day with great s 7 . Even the weekend was difficult for children, who had no pleasure in their games. When Sunday school finished, funeral began in the town church. Almost all the villagers came in black and n 8 remembered when the church had been so full. Everybody thought they have made a mistake to see only p 9 in the boys, people all cried. Suddenly, there was a slight noise, people all turned around and saw the three “d 10 ” boys walking up the door way. Aunt Polly and Joe’s families covered their boys with kisses and thanks. —Taken from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 【答案】1．(l)anded 2．(t)wo 3．(l)onely 4．(s)earched 5．(r)eally 6．(S)unday 7．(s)adness 8．(n)obody 9．(p)roblems 10．(d)ead 【导语】本文节选自《汤姆索亚历险记》，讲述了汤姆和他的朋友离家出走的故事。 1．句意：午夜时分，他们在5公里外的岛上登陆，让船沿着密苏里河顺流而下。根据“they…on the island 5 kilometers away and let the boat go down the Missouri river”以及首字母提示可知，此处指他们在5公里外的岛上登陆，句子时态为一般过去时，空处应填动词的过去式；land“着陆”，动词，其过去式为landed。故填(l)anded。 2．句意：另外两个人也欢呼起来。根据上文“Tom and Joe met Huck who agreed with their plan about starting a life of crime on Jackson’s Island with some food and tools in the boat.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指另外两个人也欢呼起来，应用基数词two“两个”。故填(t)wo。 3．句意：对他们来说，舒适地生活在这个孤独但快乐的岛上似乎是件美妙的事情。根据“It seemed wonderful for them to live comfortably on the…but happy island.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指舒适地生活在这个孤独但快乐的岛上似乎是件美妙的事情，应填形容词lonely“孤独的”。故填(l)onely。 4．句意：他听说每个人都非常想念他们，并在河里搜寻，他们认为男孩已经淹死了。根据“He heard everyone missed them very much and…the river, they thought the boys had drowned.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指Tom听说每个人都非常想念他们，并在河里搜寻，他们认为男孩已经淹死了；句子时态为一般过去时，空处应填动词的过去式；search“寻找”，动词，其过去式为searched。故填(s)earched。 5．句意：可怜的汤姆，他并不是真的坏，他从来没有任何恶意，他有一颗善良的心。根据“he never meant any harm, and he had a good heart”以及首字母提示可知，Tom从来没有任何恶意，他有一颗善良的心，Tom并不是真的坏；此处应用副词来修饰形容词“bad”，应填really“真正地”。故填(r)eally。 6．句意：他们打算等到周日举行葬礼。根据下文“When Sunday school finished, funeral began in the town church.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指他们打算等到周日举行葬礼，应填Sunday“周日”。故填(S)unday。 7．句意：那个星期六下午，波莉姨妈一家人怀着巨大的悲伤准备第二天的黑色丧服。根据“That Saturday afternoon, Aunt Polly’s family prepared their black funeral clothes for the next day with great…”以及首字母提示可知，此处指波莉姨妈一家人怀着巨大的悲伤准备第二天的黑色丧服，应填名词sadness“悲伤”。故填(s)adness。 8．句意：几乎所有的村民都穿着黑衣服进来，没人记得教堂什么时候这么满了。根据“Almost all the villagers came in black and…remembered when the church had been so full.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指几乎所有的村民都穿着黑衣服进来，没人记得教堂什么时候这么满了，应填不定代词nobody“没有人”。故填(n)obody。 9．句意：每个人都认为他们犯了一个错误，只看到男孩身上的问题，人们都哭了。根据“Everybody thought they have made a mistake to see only…in the boys, people all cried.”以及首字母提示可知，人们都哭了，因为每个人都认为他们犯了一个错误，只看到男孩们身上的问题；problem“问题”，可数名词，此处应填名词复数形式。故填(p)roblems。 10．句意：突然，传来一阵轻微的响声，人们都转过身来，看到三个“死去的”男孩走到了门口。根据“people all turned around and saw the three…boys walking up the door way”以及首字母提示可知，此处指看到三个“死去的”男孩走到了门口，空后为名词“boys”，空处应用形容词作定语来修饰名词，应填dead“死去的”。故填(d)ead。 （2） 根据对话内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使对话完整。（每空一词） The three girls were very kind to us. They p 1 a lovely dinner and gave us their bedrooms to sleep in. I felt really b 2 that the king and the duke were cheating (欺骗) them. I must do s 3 to stop them. So I put the bag of gold under Peter’s hands b 4 the coffin (棺材) were closed and taken to the graveyard. Later the king and the duke organised a sale to get money. It was a 5 over when two people came: very nice-looking gentlemen, an old one and a younger one. The old man began to s 6 . “I am Harvey Wilks and this is my brother William,” he said. I wasn’t expecting this. The king wasn’t either, but he didn’t show his s 7 . He laughed and said, “They are telling a lie!” All the people shouted to agree e 8 Doctor Robinson and Levi Bell. “We must find out the truth,” Levi Bell said. “Can you prove (证明) you are Peter Wilks’ brothers?” The old gentleman t 9 for a moment. Then he turned to the king and said, “Peter had a tattoo on his chest. What was it?” The king’s face went p 10 and didn’t say anything for a few minutes. Then he said, “I can tell you. It was a small blue arrow.” — Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 【答案】1．(p)repared/(p)rovided 2．(b)ad 3．(s)omething 4．(b)efore 5．(a)lmost 6．(s)peak 7．(s)urprise 8．(e)xcept 9．(t)hought 10．(p)ale 【导语】本文摘自《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》中的一段，讲述了国王和公爵骗钱时发生的事情。 1．句意：她们/准备/提供了一顿丰盛的晚餐，并让我们在他们的卧室里睡觉。根据“...a lovely dinner”及首字母可知，应是准备了/提供了晚餐，prepare“准备”，provide“提供”，由gave可知，时态是一般过去时，所以用动词的过去式，故填(p)repared/(p)rovided。 2．句意：国王和公爵欺骗了她们，我感到非常不好。根据“... the king and the duke were cheating (欺骗) them”及首字母可知，她们对作者很好，得知她们被欺骗，应是感到难过，bad“不好的”，形容词作表语，故填(b)ad。 3．句意：我必须做点什么来阻止他们。根据“ do ... to stop them.”及首字母可知，是做点事情来阻止，something“某事”符合语境，故填(s)omething。 4．句意：所以在棺材合上，运到墓地之前，我把那袋金子放在彼得的手上。根据“ I put the bag of gold under Peter’s hands ...the coffin (棺材) were closed and taken to the graveyard”及首字母可知，应是在棺材合上之前放的，before“在……之前”符合语境，故填(b)efore。 5．句意：快结束的时候来了两个人：两位相貌英俊的绅士，一位老一些，一位年轻一些。根据“Later the king and the duke organised a sale to get money.”和“ It was ... over ”及首字母可知，应是说拍卖几乎要结束的时候，almost“几乎”符合语境，故填(a)lmost。 6．句意：老人开始说话了。根据“he said”可知，应是说开始说话了，结合首字母，与say同义的词应是speak，to后跟动词原形。故填(s)peak。 7．句意：国王也没料到，但他没有表现出惊讶。根据“The king wasn’t either,”及but表示转折可知，没料到，但是也没表现出惊讶，surprise“惊讶”，在句中作宾语。故填(s)urprise。 8．句意：除了罗宾逊医生和利瓦伊·贝尔，所有的人都大声表示同意。根据“All the people shouted to agree...Doctor Robinson and Levi Bell.”及首字母可知，应是除了两人所有人都同意，不包括两人在内，所以用except“除了……外，不包括”，故填(e)xcept。 9．句意：老先生想了一会儿。根据“Can you prove (证明) you are Peter Wilks’ brothers?”及首字母和语境可知，应是听了这个问题后，想了一会儿，think“想，思考”，时态是一般过去时，所以此处用动词的过去式。故填(t)hought。 10．句意：国王的脸变得苍白，有几分钟没说什么。根据“face went ... and didn’t say anything for a few minutes.”及首字母可知，应是脸变得苍白，pale“苍白的”，形容词作表语，故填(p)ale。 （3） 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） My name is Huckleberry Finn. I live in the town of St. Petersburg in the state of Missouri. It’s a small town but it’s near a very big river c 1 the Mississippi. This is the story of a journey that I made down that river on a raft. Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich. We got $6,000 e 2 . Judge Thatcher put it in the bank. I didn’t have a f 3 or a home. My mother died a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. I didn’t go to school like the other boys of my a 4 . I lived on the streets and in the woods. Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas invited me to live with her and my life c 5 . She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day. I didn’t like going there at first b 6 learning was very difficult. But when I could read and write a bit, I was g 7 to go. For me, eating my meals at the table and sleeping in a soft bed were the h 8 things. I missed my old life. Sometimes I ran away and spent a few days in the woods. I felt f 9 there and I was happy. I fished and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars. The months passed and w 10 came. The weather got cold. One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the widow’s house. There was a cross on the heel of the left one. My heart jumped. Only one person wore boots with a cross on the left heel! Pap! —Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 【答案】1．(c)alled 2．(e)ach 3．(f)amily 4．(a)ge 5．(c)hanged 6．(b)ecause 7．(g)lad 8．(h)ardest 9．(f)ree 10．(w)inter 【导语】本文主要介绍了Huckleberry Finn的悲惨遭遇，在遇到了一个善良的Widow Douglas老太太之后，他的生活改变了。 1．句意：它是一个小镇，但是它靠近一条叫做密西西比河的大河。根据“a very big river c…the Mississippi”可知，此处指“被叫做密西西比河”，call“称呼”符合题意，此处用其过去分词作后置定语。故填(c)alled。 2．句意：我们每个人得到6000美元。根据“Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich”可知，作者和Tom sawyer两个人发现12000美元，因此每人6000美元。each表示“每个”。故填(e)ach。 3．句意：我没有家人或家。根据“My mother died a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared”可知作者没有家人。a后接可数名词单数。family表示“家人；家庭”。故填(f)amily。 4．句意：我不像我同龄的其他男孩一样去上学。根据“the other boys of my…”及首字母可知，此处指“其他的同龄男孩”，age“年龄”符合。故填(a)ge。 5．句意：后来，一位善良的老妇人Douglas请我去跟她一起住，我的人生发生了改变。此空是谓语动词，并且时态为一般过去时。根据“She gave me bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day”可知，作者的人生发生了改变。change表示“改变”，此处用过去式changed。故填(c)hanged。 6．句意：起初我不喜欢去那因为学习非常难。此空是连词连接两个句子，前后句表示因果关系，应该用because引导原因状语从句。故填(b)ecause。 7．句意：但当我能读会写的时候，我很高兴去了。be glad to do sth.“高兴做某事”。故填(g)lad。 8．句意：对我来说，在餐桌前吃饭、在软软的床上睡觉是最难的事情。此空是形容词作定语修饰名词things，根据the可知此处是形容词最高级形式。根据“I missed my old life”可知现在这种生活作者觉得很难。hard表示“困难的”。故填(h)ardest。 9．句意：我在那感觉很自由，我很快乐。feel为系动词，与形容词构成系表结构。根据“I fished and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars”及首字母可知，在那里的日子很自由，free表示“自由的”。故填(f)ree。 10．句意：几个月过去了，冬天来了。根据“One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the window’s house”可知，冬天来了。winter表示“冬天”。故填(w)inter。 （4） 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词） China is an old country with a rich culture. When travelling to China, understanding Chinese c 1 and customs (习俗) is important for you to behave in a good way. It’s becoming popular for foreigners to be i 2 into Chinese homes. Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e 3 . Chinese people are known to be very welcoming (好客). When you’re invited to a Chinese family’s home, make sure that you arrive on time. Don’t forget to say good words about s 4 special you like in the house. Gifts are usually given when visiting someone’s home or being invited for dinner. Chinese people like to r 5 fruit or tea in a nice box or basket. After some small talks, c 6 the dinner. A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, full of delicious food and conversation. When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody e 7 is doing and try to do the same. You’d better eat plenty of food to show you’re enjoying it. Don’t finish off the w 8 dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has prepared enough food. For foreigners, Chinese people may be very curious (好奇的). Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f 9 time. So, don’t be surprised to be asked things like your age, your education or your work. You do not have to answer these questions. If you don’t want to talk about your own life, just explain to them. Enjoy y 10 in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese. As a guest in China, you will get special treatment. And your hosts make sure you will have a good time. 【答案】1．(c)ulture 2．(i)nvited 3．(e)xperience 4．(s)omething 5．(r)eceive 6．(c)omes 7．(e)lse 8．(w)hole 9．(f)irst 10．(y)ourself 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的文化和习俗，以及作为外国人在中国旅行时需要注意的事项。 1．句意：在中国旅行时，了解中国的文化和习俗对你的行为举止很重要。根据前句“China is an old country with a rich culture.”可知，了解中国的文化很重要，名词culture“文化”符合语境。故填(c)ulture。 2．句意： 外国人被邀请到中国家庭做客正变得越来越流行。根据后句“Being invited to a Chinese family’s home”可知，此处是指外国人被邀请到中国人家里做客。应用被动语态，其结构为be done，动词invite“邀请”的过去分词是invited。故填(i)nvited。 3．句意：被邀请到中国家庭做客是一种美妙而温暖的经历。根据“Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm...”并结合单词首字母提示可知，此处表示被邀请到中国人家里做客是一次美妙的经历。名词experience意为“经历”，a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填(e)xperience。 4．句意：别忘了对家里你喜欢的某个特别的东西说几句好话。根据“say good words about...special you like in the house”并结合单词首字母提示可知，此处指喜欢的某个特别的东西。空格处应用不定代词something，something special意为“特别的东西”。故填(s)omething。 5．句意：中国人喜欢收到装在漂亮盒子或篮子里的水果或茶。根据“fruit or tea in a nice box or basket”可知，此处在介绍中国人喜欢收到的礼物。动词receive意为“收到”，结合短语like to do sth.“喜欢做某事”可知，空格处应用动词原形。故填(r)eceive。 6．句意：闲聊后，晚餐就来了。根据“After some small talks”和常识可知，闲聊过后就是吃饭了。此处是一个倒装句，表示“晚餐来了”，动词come意为“来”，主语the dinner是单数，时态为一般现在时，所以come要变成第三人称单数形式comes。故填(c)omes。 7．句意：当被邀请过来吃饭时，一定要注意到其他每一个人在做什么，并试着做同样的事情。根据“try to do the same”可知，此处表示要去观察其他人在做什么。everybody else意为“其他每一个人”。故填(e)lse。 8．句意：不要吃光整盘菜，而要在盘子里留少量食物。根据“leave a small amount of food on the plates”可知，此处表示不要吃光整盘菜。whole意为“全部的，整个的”。故填(w)hole。 9．句意：中国人不怕问私人问题，即使你们是第一次见面。for the first time意为“第一次”。故填(f)irst。 10．句意：尽情享受当地中国人热情好客的世界。enjoy oneself意为“尽情享受”，该句是祈使句，隐含主语是第二人称you，结合后句“As a guest in China”可知，you在此处表示“你”，所以空格处应填反身代词yourself“你自己”。故填(y)ourself。 （5） 根据对话内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使对话完整。（每空一词） Well, here we were , stuck on the steamboat with two bad men inside. “We’ve got to find their boat now,” I told Jim. “We need it for ourselves.” Jim was so afraid that he was s 1 . I was nervous too. But we had to keep calm. Soon we found their small boat tied up on the side. Jim and I hopped in that boat quickly and c 2 the rope. We pushed off and headed down the river, looking for our raft (竹筏). We floated along for several miles and then we found it and were on b 3 . We floated along for about three days. Then the river opened up and we knew we were heading in the right d 4 . We wanted to get to Cairo, a town on the Ohio River. It was a f 5 place, and Jim would no longer be a salve (奴隶) there. But we had to be c 6 not to pass it. Jim hid in a small house during the day in order not to be s 7 . But one day I saw a couple of men heading our way. They were looking for five runaway slaves.They asked me if my partner was black and wanted to c 8 the boat. I told them that it was my father. He was white and he was really s 9 . “What’s wrong with him?”the man asked. “He’s got smallpox (天花),”I lied.“Can you help him ?” “Stay a 10 from us!”they shouted and started running away quickly. I was glad to see them go. —Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 【答案】1．(s)haking 2．(c)ut 3．(b)oard 4．(d)irection 5．(f)ree 6．(c)areful 7．(s)een 8．(c)heck 9．(s)ick 10．(a)way 【导语】本文选自《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》，讲述了哈克和吉姆从汽船上逃脱，坐上小船前往自由之地开罗的故事。 1．句意：吉姆害怕得浑身发抖。根据“Jim was so afraid ”可知，吉姆很害怕，浑身发抖。shake“颤抖”，此处是过去进行时，动词用现在分词。故填(s)haking。 2．句意：吉姆和我迅速跳上船，割断了绳子。根据“rope”和“We pushed off and headed down the river”可知，两人把绳子割断了。cut“切割”，动词，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(c)ut。 3．句意：我们漂了几英里才找到它，上了船。根据上文“looking for our raft (竹筏)”可知，是指上了木筏，这里应用board表示“板”。故填(b)oard。 4．句意：然后，河流开阔了，我们知道我们正朝着正确的方向前进。根据“heading in...”和首字母可知，是指朝着正确的方向前进。direction“方向”符合语境。故填(d)irection。 5．句意：那是一个自由的地方，吉姆在那里不再是一个奴隶了。根据“Jim would no longer be a salve (奴隶) there”说明这是一个自由的地方。free“自由的”符合语境。故填(f)ree。 6．句意：但我们必须小心，不能走过头了。根据“not to pass it.”和首字母可知，需要小心驾驶竹筏，应用形容词careful作表语。故填(c)areful。 7．句意：为了不被人看见，吉姆白天躲在一所小房子里。根据“Jim hid in a small house”可知，躲在一所小房子里，是为了不被人看见。see“看见”，此处是不定式结构的被动语态，动词用过去分词。故填(s)een。 8．句意：他们问我我的搭档是不是黑人，想检查一下船。根据上文“ They were looking for five runaway slaves.”可知，他们在寻找五个逃跑的奴隶，所以想检查船。check“检查”，动词，空前有动词不定式符号，动词用原形。故填(c)heck。 9．句意：他是白人，病得很重。根据“What’s wrong with him?”可知，哈克撒谎吉姆生病了，应用形容词sick。故填(s)ick。 10．句意：离我们远点！此处是固定短语stay away from“远离”，故填(a)way。 （6） 请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1~10的相应位置上。 For thousands of years, the Chinese people have had a deep respect (尊敬) for Loong, the Chinese dragon. In China, you’ll find pictures of dragons almost e 51 especially in palaces and temples. Some of them are more than 3, 500 years old. Many Chinese artists have tried their hand at painting the dragon. Chen Rong, a great painter in the Southern Song Dynasty, was among t 1 . His Nine Dragons is one of the greatest paintings of the Chinese dragon. Chen Rong was born in Fujian in 1200. He once w 2 for the government in Hangzhou. As an officer, he wasn’t very s 3 . However, he achieved a great success in poetry, calligraphy (书法) and painting. It was said that Chen Rong u 4 to paint after drinking a lot of wine. After getting drunk, he would shout loudly, put his scarf in ink and pour the ink madly on paper. After that, he would use b 5 to finish his work. His words on Nine Dragons show that he finished it when he was completely drunk. The painting Nine Dragons d 6 nine dragons rolling, swimming and dancing among clouds, waves, fires and cliffs. It shows Chen’s great sadness in his life and his great s 7 in brush work. Nine Dragons was once treasured at court (宫廷), the Qianlong Emperor spoke highly of it. He liked the painting so much that he told a painter to make a c 8 of it. Sadly, Nine Dragons is not c 9 by any Chinese museum. If you want to see it with your own eyes, you have to visit the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. The museum bought the painting in 1917 for $25, 000. At present the market price of it is about 500 million yuan. 【答案】1．(e)verywhere 2．(t)hem 3．(w)orked 4．(s)uccessful 5．(u)sed 6．(b)rushes 7．(d)escribes 8．(s)kill(s) 9．(c)opy 10．(c)ollected 【导语】本文主要讲述了数千年来，中国人对龙充满敬意。在中国，龙的图案随处可见，尤其在宫殿和寺庙。南宋画家陈容的《九龙图》是龙题材的经典之作。 1．句意：在中国，你几乎到处都会发现龙的图片，尤其是在宫殿和寺庙里。根据句意以及首字母e提示可知，空格处需要填入一个副词来修饰“almost”，表示“几乎到处都是”的意思。故填(e)verywhere。 2．句意：许多中国艺术家都尝试过画龙。南宋时期的伟大画家陈容就是其中之一。根据“Many Chinese artists have tried their hand at painting the dragon. Chen Rong, a great painter in the Southern Song Dynasty, was among t...”和首字母t提示，可以推断出空格处应填写代词“them”，代指前面提到的“Many Chinese artists”。故填(t)hem。 3．句意：他曾经为杭州的政府工作。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词的过去式，根据首字母“w”和语境可知，最合适的词是“worked”，表示“工作”。故填(w)orked。 4．句意：作为一个官员，他不是很成功。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个形容词来修饰“he”，与后文的“However”形成转折关系。根据首字s提示可知，最合适的词是“successful”，表示“成功的”。故填(s)uccessful。 5．句意：据说陈容习惯于在喝了很多酒之后画画。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词短语，表示陈容过去的一个习惯或行为。根据首字母“u”和语境可知，最合适的短语是“used to”，表示“过去常常做某事”。故填(u)sed。 6．句意：他会用画笔来完成他的作品。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个名词，作为“use”的宾语，表示陈容用来完成画作的工具。根据语境和首字母b提示可知，画家在完成画作时通常使用“brush”（刷子，画笔），因为画作是多个元素的组合，用复数形式“brushes”。故填(b)rushes。 7．句意：这幅画描绘了九条龙在云、浪、火和悬崖之间翻滚、游泳和跳舞。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词，作为句子的谓语，描述《九龙图》这幅画的内容。根据语境和首字母“d”可知，最合适的动词是“describe”，表示“描绘，描述”，主语为The painting，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填((d)escribes。 8．句意：它展示了陈容生活中的巨大悲伤和他在书法上的高超技艺。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个名词，描述陈荣在毛笔字方面的特点。根据语境和首字母“s”，最合适的名词是“skill”，表示“技能，技艺”，表示多项技能时，用复数形式，此处没有明确规定，单复数均可。故填(s)kill(s)。 9．句意：他非常喜欢这幅画，以至于他让一位画家复制了一幅。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个名词，作为“make”的宾语。根据语境和首字母“c”，最合适的名词是“copy”，表示“复制品，副本”，空前有a，用单数形式。故填(c)opy。 10．句意：遗憾的是，《九龙图》没有被任何中国博物馆收藏。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词的过去分词形式，与“is not”一起构成被动语态，表示《九龙图》的当前状态。根据语境和首字母“c”，最合适的动词是“collect”，其过去分词形式是“collected”，表示“被收藏”。故填(c)ollected。 （7） 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整, 每空一词。 The earth is our home. Some things we have done are good for the earth w 1 some are bad. We have polluted the earth, and it is sick now. We cut down too many trees, so lots of rich land has c 2 into desert. Factories pour wastewater into river. Pollution has caused many s 3 problems. The earth is crying for help. What shall we do to save it? We should be different from many consumers (消费者) and become “green consumers”. This means that we can buy and use things f 4 to the environment. We can also recycle as many things as possible. We should also try to be “greener people”. We can plant more trees. We can ride bikes or take buses to r 5 air pollution. We shall never leave a room with the lights on. We can save water by taking shorter showers and t 6 off the tap when brushing teeth. We should r 7 to separate waste into different groups before throwing it away. After all, we have o 8 one Earth. We should do everything to p 9 it, or we will be punished and lose our home. Lean to live in new and different ways, and we can make a d 10 . 【答案】1．(w)hile 2．(c)hanged 3．(s)erious 4．(f)riendly 5．(r)educe 6．(t)urning 7．(r)emember 8．(o)nly 9．(p)rotect 10．(d)ifference 【导语】本文讲述的是地球是我们的家，我们人类的一些坏的做法使得地球环境深受破坏，为了拯救地球，我们应该采取一些措施来保护我们的地球。 1．句意：我们所做的一些事对地球有益，但有些事却是有害的。前后表示转折，由于首字母w，所以是while“然而”。故填(w)hile。 2．句意：我们砍伐了太多的树木，许多肥沃的土地变成了沙漠。根据“so lots of rich land has c.. into desert”因此许多肥沃的土地……沙漠，结合首字母c，所以是变成沙漠。由于此句是现在完成时，所以是动词过去分词changed。故填(c)hanged。 3．句意：污染已经引发了许多严重的问题。分析句子可知，横线上是形容词修饰名词problems，由于后文“The earth is crying for help.”可知问题严重，由于首字母是s，所以是形容词serious“严重的”。故填(s)erious。 4．句意：这意味着我们可以购买和使用对环境友好的东西。根据“green consumers”环保顾客，可知是对环境友好。考查“be friendly to”对……友好。故填(f)riendly。 5．句意：我们可以骑自行车或乘坐公共汽车来减少空气污染。根据前文是骑车或乘公交车，所以是减少污染。故填(r)educe。 6．句意：我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间、刷牙时关闭水龙头来节约用水。根据前文说节约水，所以是关闭水龙头。故填(t)urning。 7．句意：我们应该记住在扔掉垃圾之前先将其分成不同的类别。分析句子可知，横线上应是动词，根据“We should...to separate...”可知，我们应该记得去……，考查短语“remember to do”记得去做。故填(r)emember。 8．句意：毕竟，我们只有一个地球。根据“we have o...one Earth”我们有……一个地球。结合首字母o，所以是“唯一一个”。故填(o)nly。 9．句意：我们应该尽一切努力保护它，否则我们将受到惩罚并失去我们的家园。横线后it代指地球，所以是保护地球，结合首字母p，所以是动词protect。故填(p)rotect。 10．句意：学会以新的、不同的方式生活，我们就能发挥作用。前文说的是以新的不同的方式生活，对保护地球会起到作用。考查短语“make a difference”起到影响。故填(d)ifference。 （8） Oxfam International, usually known as Oxfam, is one of the biggest charities. Oxfam’s ideas are simple: everybody in the world must have the right to live, f 1 to keep them healthy, clean water to drink and medical care. All these ideas are connected. Oxfam began its work d 2 World War Ⅱ. At that time the Greeks didn’t have enough to eat because of the war. People in Oxford d 3 to give money and food to people in Greece. So the name Oxfam comes from two w 4 —Oxford and Famine (饥荒). After the war Oxfam joined other organizations to form Oxfam International. Nowadays this charity helps people in over ninety c 5 in Africa, South America and Asia. Oxfam works in two ways. Firstly, it o 6 help in emergencies (紧急事件). In 2010 there was a big earthquake in Haiti. Over 200,000 people died and many more l 7 their homes. Doctors and volunteers provided medical help and gave out food and brought clean water to the villages. The s 8 way Oxfam works is to help people prevent future disasters. Oxfam has started a project called GROW, which helps farmers produce more and better food. But how does Oxfam pay for it all? In order to raise money, this charity has run charity shops, where you can buy things that people d 9 , like clothes, toys and food. Another way to get money is with “ambassadors”, famous people who do voluntary work for charities and collect money. Ambassadors have different skills b 10 the message they send is the same—we should do what we can to help people in need! 【答案】1．(f)ood 2．(d)uring 3．(d)ecided 4．(w)ords 5．(c)ities 6．(o)ffers 7．(l)ost 8．(s)econd 9．(d)onate 10．(b)ut 【导语】本文介绍了国际慈善组织“乐施会”的起源、宗旨、工作方式以及筹集资金的方法。 1．句意：“乐施会”的理念很简单：世界上每个人都必须有生存的权利、维持健康的食物、干净的饮用水和医疗保健。根据“the right to live, ...to keep them healthy, clean water to drink”可知，这几个并列结构都是不定式作后置定语修饰名词，本空应该填写一个名词，food“食物”符合语境。故填(f)ood。 2．句意：“乐施会”在第二次世界大战期间开始工作。根据“Oxfam began its work...World War Ⅱ.”可知，本空缺少介词，during“在……期间”符合语境。故填(d)uring。 3．句意：牛津人决定给希腊人钱和食物。根据“People in Oxford...to give money and food”可知，本空缺少谓语动词；decide意为“决定”，decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，符合语境；根据前一句可知，时态为一般过去时，应该填写decide的过去式。故填(d)ecided。 4．句意：所以“乐施会”这个名字是由两个词组成的——牛津和饥荒。根据“two”可知，本空缺少一个复数名词；根据“Oxford and Famine”可知，word“词”符合语境。故填(w)ords。 5．句意：如今，这个慈善组织帮助来自非洲、南美洲和亚洲的九十多个城市的人。根据“over ninety”可知，本空缺少一个复数名词；根据后置定语“in Africa, South America and Asia”可推知，city“城市”符合语境。故填(c)ities。 6．句意：首先，它在紧急事件中提供帮助。根据“it...help in emergencies”可知，本空缺少谓语动词，offer“提供”符合语境；根据前一句可知，时态为一般现在时，主语为it，用其第三人称单数形式。故填(o)ffers。 7．句意：20多万人死亡，更多的人失去家园。根据“many more...their homes”可知，本句缺少谓语动词，lose“失去”符合语境；and连接两个并列结构，根据“Over 200,000 people died”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，填写lose的过去式。故填(l)ost。 8．句意：“乐施会”的第二种工作方式是帮助人们预防未来的灾难。根据“Oxfam works in two ways. Firstly...”和“The...way Oxfam works is to help people”可知，本句介绍的是“乐施会”的第二种工作方式，second“第二的”符合语境。故填(s)econd。 9．句意：为了筹集资金，这个慈善机构经营了慈善商店，在那里你可以买到人们捐赠的东西，比如衣服、玩具和食物。根据“you can buy things that people...”可知，本空缺少定语从句中的谓语动词，根据“like clothes, toys and food”可推知，donate“捐赠”符合语境；本句属于一般性描述，时态为一般现在时，主语为people，谓语填动词原形。故填(d)onate。 10．句意：慈善大使们有不同的技能，但是他们传达的信息是一样的——我们应该做力所能及的事来帮助有需要的人！根据“Ambassadors have different skills”和“the message they send is the same”可知，两句为转折关系，but“但是”符合语境。故填(b)ut。 （9） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Many of you should have heard of Tiangong Kaiwu. It is one of the greatest technological encyclopedias written in C 1 . But how much do you know about its author, Song Yingxing? Song was a great scientist d 2 the late Ming dynasty. He was born in 1587 and had a happy childhood. He and his brother Song Yingshen g went to school together. Song won third place while Yingming won sixth in the provincial Imperial Exam (科举考试). Later, they took the national Imperial Exam, but they b 3 failed. Song worked as a teacher for many years. Meanwhile, he sat for the national Imperial Exam for another four times. Unluckily, he never achieved success. On his repeated trips to the capital to take the exams, however, he learned about the technologies that were being used in d 4 fields. His wide k 5 enabled him to create Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s. The book c 6 more than 130 technologies. There were also many illustrations (插图) to help with the understanding of the text. The book became popular soon a 7 it came out. The Ming dynasty fell in 1644, but they were loyal to the Ming government. They r 8 to serve the new Qing government. Song lived a poor life in the rest of his life. In his final years, he wrote many articles and poems a 9 the new government. Years later, some Qing officials found these articles and poems. They were so angry that they destroyed all of Song’s works. However, Tiangong Kaiwu had already s 10 to many other countries. 【答案】1．(C)hinese 2．(d)uring 3．(b)oth 4．(d)ifferent 5．(k)nowledge 6．(c)overed 7．(a)fter 8．(r)efused 9．(a)gainst 10．(s)pread 【导语】本文主要介绍了《天工开物》的作者——宋应星的生平。 1．句意：它是用中文写的最伟大的科技百科全书之一。根据“written in…”可知，in后应跟语言，结合首字母可知，此处指“中文”Chinese。故填(C)hinese。 2．句意：宋是明末一位杰出的科学家。根据“the late Ming dynasty”及首字母可知，此处指在明朝晚期的时候，during“在……期间”。故填(d)uring。 3．句意：后来，他们参加了科举考试，但他们都失败了。根据“Later, they took the national Imperial Exam, but they…failed”及首字母可知，他们两个参加考试，但是两个都失败了，both“两个都”。故填(b)oth。 4．句意：然而，在他多次前往首都参加考试的过程中，他了解到了应用于不同领域的技术。根据“that were being used in…fields”及首字母可知，不同领域使用的应是不同的技术，different“不同的”，形容词作定语修饰名词。故填(d)ifferent。 5．句意：他的广博知识使他在17世纪30年代创造了《天工开物》。根据“he learned about the technologies”及首字母可知，此处指广博的知识，knowledge“知识”，不可数名词。故填(k)nowledge。 6．句意：这本书包含了130多种农业和制造技术。根据“The book…more than 130 technologies”及首字母可知，应是说这本书里包含了多少种技术，cover“覆盖”，句子为一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故填(c)overed。 7．句意：这本书一出版就很受欢迎。根据“The book became popular soon…it came out”及首字母可知，此处指书在出版之后，变得受欢迎，after“在……之后”。故填(a)fter。 8．句意：他们拒绝为新的清政府服务。根据“he wrote many articles and poems against the new government”及首字母可知，应是拒绝了为新政府服务，refuse“拒绝”，句子为一般过去时，空处用过去式。故填(r)efused。 9．句意：在他生命的最后几年里，他写了许多反对新政府的文章和诗歌。根据“They were so angry that they destroyed all of Song’s works”及首字母可知，此处指用写文章和诗歌反对新政府，against“反对”。故填(a)gainst。 10．句意：然而，《天工开物》已经传播到许多其他国家。根据“However, Tiangong Kaiwu had already…to many other countries”及首字母可知，此处指传播“spread”，句子为过去完成时，动词应用过去分词形式。故填(s)pread。 （10） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 On 18 May, International Museum Day is celebrated around the world. It’s an event that aims to make people think about what museums o 1 and why they are exciting places to visit. A museum is a place where objects from far away or long ago are d 2 for the public to enjoy. There are hundreds of museums around the UK. What can you e 3 to see in a typical museum? Things can include animal skeletons from around the world, dinosaur remains, ancient tools, important paintings and items belonging to kings and queens. Museums have all kinds of things that will amaze and c 4 your attention. For example, the Oxford University Museum of Natural History has bones and skin of the extinct dodo bird. There are no o 5 dodo remains like this in the world. As well as things to see, there are fun attractions to e 6 . London’s Natural History Museum has an earthquake simulator and at the National Space Centre, you can ride in a lift alongside a space rocket. “I have been to lots of museums. I enjoy visiting museums because you go back in time and imagine w 7 life was like back then. I really like museums that let you play and interact with some of the artifacts.” So how to visit the museums? Start with a l 8 museum. With the help of an adult, search online for a place that’s near you and see what attractions it has and when it’s o 9 . Check if you need to pay to visit and whether you must book before going. Museums can get very b 10 at weekends and during school holidays. 【答案】1．(o)wn 2．(d)isplayed 3．(e)xpect 4．(c)atch 5．(o)ther 6．(e)xperience 7．(w)hat 8．(l)ocal 9．(o)n 10．(b)usy 【导语】本文主要由国际博物馆日引出了关于博物馆的介绍，以及如何参观博物馆。 1．句意：国际博物馆日旨在让人们思考博物馆有什么以及为什么博物馆是一个令人喜欢去的地方。根据“It’s an event that aims to make people think about what museums”及“A museum is a place where objects from far away or long ago are”可知，人们会思考博物馆里拥有什么，own“拥有”，what引导的是宾语从句，从句用一般现在时，主语是复数形式，动词用原形，故填(o)wn。 2．句意：博物馆是一个让公众欣赏来自远方或久远时代的物品的地方。根据“A museum is a place where objects from far away or long ago are”及首字母可知，博物馆是展示物品的地方，display“展示”，主语objects与空格处的动词是动宾关系，需用被动语态，空格前已有are，因此空格处需用过去分词，故填(d)isplayed。 3．句意：在博物馆里你期待看到什么呢？根据“What can you … to see in a typical museum”及首字母可知，此处询问期待看到什么，expect“期待”，情态动词can后面需用动词原形，故填(e)xpect。 4．句意：博物馆里有很令人惊讶和吸引你注意力的东西。根据“your attention”及首字母可知，此处用catch one’s attention表示“吸引某人的注意力”，and表示并列，will后面用动词原形，故填(c)atch。 5．句意：世界上没有任何其它渡渡鸟的尸体。根据“dodo remains like this”及首字母可知，此处指像这样的渡渡鸟的尸体，other表示“其它的”，故填(o)ther。 6．句意：除了看的东西，博物馆里还有可以体验的项目。根据“London’s Natural History Museum has an earthquake simulator and at the National Space Centre, you can ride in a lift alongside a space rocket”可知，这些都是可以体验的项目，experience“体验”，不定式to后面需用动词原形，故填(e)xperience。 7．句意：我喜欢参观博物馆因为那样可以让人回到过去，想象那个时代的生活是什么样子的。imagine后面需用宾语从句，what is life like表示“生活是什么样”，故填(w)hat。 8．句意：从当地博物馆开始。根据“With the help of an adult, search online for a place that’s near you”可知，搜索离你近的博物馆，也就是要从当地的博物馆开始，local“当地的”，形容词作定语，故填(l)ocal。 9．句意：在成年人的帮助下，上网搜索你附近的地方，看看有什么项目以及什么时候开放。根据“when it’s”及首字母可知，此处指开放的时间，be on表示“开放”，故填(o)n。 10．句意：周末和学校假期时博物馆可能会很拥挤。根据“at weekends and during school holidays.”可知，在周末和假期，博物馆参观的人会多，所以那里会很繁忙，busy表示“繁忙的”，故填(b)usy。 1.（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Even though my grandfather was a farmer, my grandmother would iron his work clothes every day. Grandmother mixed up her own starch (淀粉浆) in a glass b 1 with a metal cap that had several holes. She sprinkled Grandfather’s jeans with the starch, hung them over a chair for a few minutes, and then i 2 them. Because I watched her do this through my childhood, I thought every old woman did it. But as the years passed, I began to question this p 3 . Why did Grandfather need his work clothes ironed? Most days, he never saw anyone b 4 me and maybe a few other farmers. The clothes became dirty in just a short time. Why did Grandmother s 5 devote time and effort to ironing Grandfather’s clothes that were rarely seen? One day when I was about 13, I asked Grandmother about it. She told me Grandfather was the most handsome man in the world. Later that day, I looked c 6 at Grandfather. He sure didn’t look so handsome to me. He was short and fat with false teeth (假牙). Later I told her my thought. She gave me a girlish smile and said, “You just aren’t looking in the right light, Cathy. I remember when he had r 7 teeth. He has the most beautiful eyes I have ever seen. They are e 8 the same color as the sky just before the sun goes down. I want the world to see my h 9 as the most beautiful man. I want him to feel beautiful. I iron his clothes every day because for all these years, he has made me feel beautiful.” The years went on, and I watched Grandmother and Grandfather grow old together. I was probably 30 when I u 10 what beauty really was. It was Grandmother ironing Grandfather’s jeans with starch from a glass bottle. 【答案】1．(b)ottle 2．(i)roned 3．(p)ractice 4．(b)ut 5．(s)till 6．(c)arefully 7．(r)eal 8．(e)xactly 9．(h)usband 10．(u)nderstood 【导语】本文主要讲述了奶奶给爷爷熨烫衣服，在奶奶眼里，爷爷是世界上最帅气的人，很多年过后作者才真正明白真正的美是什么。 1．句意：祖母在一个有几个洞的金属盖的玻璃瓶里把自己的淀粉浆混合在一起。根据“It was Grandmother ironing Grandfather’s jeans with starch from a glass bottle.”可知是一个玻璃瓶，a后加可数名词单数bottle“瓶子”。故填(b)ottle。 2．句意：她在爷爷的牛仔裤上撒上淀粉，把它们挂在椅子上几分钟，然后熨好。 根据“my grandmother would iron his work clothes”可知奶奶给爷爷熨烫衣服，iron“熨烫”，本文时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(i)roned。 3．句意：但随着时间的推移，我开始质疑这种做法。根据“I thought every old woman did it. But as the years passed, I began to question this”可知作者开始怀疑熨烫衣服的通常的做法，this后加可数名词单数practice“常规”。故填(p)ractice。 4．句意：大多数时候，除了我和其他一些农民，他从来没有见过任何人。根据“he never saw anyone...me and maybe a few other farmers”可知是除了我和其他一些农民，他从来没有见过任何人，but“除了”。故填(b)ut。 5．句意：为什么祖母仍然花时间和精力为祖父熨很少见到的衣服？根据“devote time and effort to ironing Grandfather’s clothes that were rarely seen?”可知作者好奇为什么奶奶仍然花时间和精力为祖父熨很少见到的衣服，still“仍然”。故填(s)till。 6．句意：那天晚些时候，我仔细地看着爷爷。根据“looked...at Grandfather”可知是仔细观察爷爷，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填(c)arefully。 7．句意：我记得他长着真牙的时候。根据“He was short and fat with false teeth”可知现在爷爷戴着假牙，但是奶奶记得爷爷长着真牙的时候，修饰名词用形容词real“真的”。故填(r)eal。 8．句意：它们与太阳下山前的天空颜色完全相同。根据“the same color as the sky just before the sun goes down.”可知爷爷眼睛的颜色和太阳下山前的天空颜色完全相同，故此处用副词exactly“确切地”。故填(e)xactly。 9．句意：我想让全世界都把我的丈夫看作最美丽的男人。根据“as the most beautiful man”可知奶奶想让全世界都把她的丈夫当作最漂亮的男人，husband“丈夫”。故填(h)usband。 10．句意：我大概30岁的时候才明白真正的美丽是什么。根据“what beauty really was”可知是理解真正的美丽是什么，understand“理解”，根据“was”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(u)nderstood。 2.（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Peter Pan wishes Wendy, John and Michael, especially Wendy, would stay in Neverland forever, but finally the Darling children decide to fly back home and grow up. “Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S 1 the window. Then when Wendy comes back, she will think her mother doesn’t love her anymore, and she will return to Neverland with me.” Mrs. Darling is playing the piano. Peter didn’t know the tune, Home, Sweet Home, b 2 he knows it’s saying, “Come back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter looks through the door and sees two big tears in Mrs. Darling’s eyes. “She loves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I love Wendy, too. We c 3 both have her.” He looks at Mrs. Darling again. The two tears are still sitting on her e 4 . “Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he opens the window. When Wendy, John, and Michael arrive, they find the window o 5 for them. They all get into bed to surprise their mother. When Mrs. Darling goes back to the children’s room, they are all in their beds. They wait for her to say something, but she says n 6 . She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire. The children are so w 7 . Why isn’t their mother happy to see them again? All three of them jump out of bed, run to her and shout, “Mother!” She realizes she is not d 8 anymore. Mr. Darling and Nana come in. They are all so happy. Peter w 9 them from the window but he is looking at something he will never have. Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g 10 up and has a daughter of her own. Peter is still a boy who can’t grow up. —Taken from Peter Pan 【答案】1．(S)hut 2．(b)ut 3．(c)an’t 4．(e)yes 5．(o)pen 6．(n)othing 7．(w)orried 8．(d)reaming 9．(w)atches 10．(g)rown 【导语】本文出自文学作品《彼得·潘》，讲述了小飞侠彼得·潘决定把朋友送回家的故事。 1．句意：关上窗户。根据“S... the window”可知，彼得想关上窗户，shut“关闭”符合语境，祈使句用动词原形开头。故填(S)hut。 2．句意：彼得不知道《家，甜蜜的家》这首曲子，但他知道它在说：“回来吧，温蒂，温蒂。”。根据“Peter didn’t know”和“he knows”可知，前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填(b)ut。 3．句意：我们不可能都拥有她。根据“She loves Wendy”和“But I love Wendy, too.”可知，他们都爱温蒂，但不能同时拥有她，can’t“不能”符合语境。故填(c)an’t。 4．句意：那两滴眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上。根据“two tears”可知，眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上，eye“眼睛”，用复数。故填(e)yes。 5．句意：当温蒂、约翰和迈克尔到达时，他们发现窗户为他们打开了。根据“Then he opens the window.”可知，窗户是开着的，open“打开的”，形容词作宾补。故填(o)pen。 6．句意：他们等她说什么，但她什么也没说。根据“They wait for her to say something, but…”可知，她什么也没说，不定代词nothing“什么都没有”符合语境。故填(n)othing。 7．句意：孩子们很担心。根据“Why isn’t their mother happy to see them again?”可知，孩子们是担心的，worried“担心的”，形容词作表语。故填(w)orried。 8．句意：她意识到自己不是在做梦了。根据“All three of them jump out of bed, run to her and shout, ‘Mother!’ ”可知，孩子们去喊妈妈，让她知道自己没有在做梦，孩子们真的回来了，dream“做梦”，用现在分词形式与is构成现在进行时。故填(d)reaming。 9．句意：彼得从窗户看着他们，但他看到的是他永远不会拥有的东西。根据“but he is looking at something he will never have.”可知，彼得在看着他们，watch“看，注视”符合语境，时态为一般现在时，主语是“Peter”，动词用三单。故填(w)atches。 10．句意：当彼得再次拜访温蒂时，她已经长大了，有了自己的女儿。根据“Many years pass.”可知，温蒂长大了，grow up“长大”，固定短语，grow用过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时。故填(g)rown。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$