UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION（课件）-【学而思·PPT课件分层练习】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION 高频词汇精讲 　　Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa.在郑和的指挥下,船队从 中国南海起航,穿过印度洋,直抵红海口,然后到达非洲东海岸。(教材P26) 情景导学 Whatever the weather will be like tomorrow, our ship will set sail for Macao.无论明天天气如何, 我们的船都将起航前往澳门。 高频词汇 情景破 词汇 1 set sail起航;开航 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They might have set sail from South America on rafts.没有人知道人们最初是怎么来到这些岛屿的。他们可能乘木筏从南美洲起 航。 用法归纳 ①set sail 　    ... 起航前往…… ②set sail 　     ...(to...)从……起航(到……) 特别提醒 set sail for 中的 for 不能换为to,有类似用法的短语还有leave for(动身去),head for(朝……行 进)。 词汇拓展 ①sail v.起航;(船)航行;(人)乘船航行 ②sailing n.帆船运动;航行 for from UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ③sailor n.水手;海员;驾船人 •The old sailor started to sail on June, and the journey around the world took him nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days.这个老水手6月份开始航行,环球旅行花了他九个月的 时间,其中航行时间为226天。 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, cen- tred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).一条横跨海洋的贸易路线也沿着印度洋海岸延伸,以锡兰 (现在的斯里兰卡)为中心。(教材P26) 情景导学 The high-speed train service is planned to extend from Paris to Bordeaux.高铁拟从巴黎延伸到 波尔多。 On behalf of our school, I am writing this letter to sincerely extend my invitation to the exchange students from all over the world.我写这封信是为了代表我校向来自世界各地的交换生发出诚 挚的邀请。 (写作·邀请信) 词汇 2 extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长;提供 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 用法归纳 ①extend 　     ...　    ...从……延伸到…… ②extend sth. 　     sb.向某人提供某物,给予某人某物 ③extend a road扩建公路 ④extend the deadline延长最后期限 词汇拓展 ①extension n.扩大;延伸;扩建部分;延期 •Live commerce is changing the habits of global consumers; additionally, it has become a natu- ral extension of online shopping.直播带货正在改变全球消费者的习惯;此外,它已成为网络购 物的自然延伸。 ②extensive adj.广阔的;大量的;广泛的 ③extended adj.延长了的;扩展了的(只用于名词前作定语) an extended supper hour 延长了的晚餐时间 from to to UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes re- mained active channels between other cultures for centuries.尽管1433年后中国停止了进一步的 探索,但在随后的几个世纪,这些陆地和海路仍是和其他文化之间(交流)的活跃通道。(教材P 26) 情景导学 They withdrew 100 dollars from their bank account after checking out of the hotel.他们结账离开 旅馆后从银行账户中取出了100美元。 Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives.两个人都乐于退出当代生活,在宁静的生活中寻求与 自然的和谐关系。 词汇 3 withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew, withdrawn)(使)撤回;撤离 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 用法归纳 ①withdraw 　     ...从……退出/撤离 ②withdraw sth. 　     ...从……取出/撤回某物 词汇拓展 withdrawal n.撤回;收回;取回;提款;退出 the withdrawal of...……的撤回/收回 from from UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.这项倡议旨在鼓励历史 悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易,并加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。(教材P27) 情景导学 He noted that the overseas Chinese serve as an important bridge and bond between China and the rest of the world.他指出,海外华人是中国与世界其他地区之间的重要桥梁和纽带。 (Glob- al Times) Comfort food tastes good and by building an emotional bond with our happy memories, always makes us feel good.安慰食品味道好,并且通过与我们的快乐回忆建立情感纽带,总是让我们 感觉很好。 词汇 4 bond n.纽带;关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系;使牢固结合 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 The company has developed a kind of glue which can bond wood to metal.这个公司开发了一种 可以把木头和金属粘到一起的胶水。 用法归纳 ①a/the bond 　     ...　    ...……和……之间的联系/纽带 ②a/the bond 　     ...和……之间的关系/联系/纽带 ③bond...　    ...把……紧紧连接到…… ④bond with sb.增强与某人的信任关系 between and with to UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. 数百年过 去了,由于拥有了最新技术,在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下,中国将跨海越洋,迈 向未来。(教材P27) 易混辨析 词汇 5 in hand 在手头,可供使用;在控制中;在掌握中;正在处理中 in hand 在手头;可供使用;在控制中;在掌握中;正在处理中 at hand (在时间或距离上)接近;在手头;在近旁;即将到来 on hand 在手头;现有(尤指帮助) by hand 用手工 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 •We will have used up the money we have in hand before Mother's birthday falls next month, so we have to make gifts by hand.我们在下个月妈妈的生日到来之前就已经花完了手上的钱,所 以我们不得不手工制作礼物。　     (读后续写·背景描写) •Their courage was screwed up and everything was well in hand.他们鼓起了勇气,一切尽在掌 握之中。 •We want to ensure that help is on hand/at hand for all children suffering danger.我们希望确保 所有遭受危险的儿童都能随时得到帮助。 (写作·志愿活动) 特别提醒 表示“手头的工作”用work in hand、work at hand、work on hand均可。 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　Reaching out across the sea is often a mixture of danger and boredom.跨海越洋往往既危险 又枯燥。(教材P28) 情景导学 Ultimately, the road ahead—the road through our lives—is a mixture of choice and chance.归根 结底,前方的道路——贯穿我们一生的道路——是选择和机会的结合体。 用法归纳 a mixture 　    ...and...……和……的混合体/结合体 词汇拓展 ①mix vt.& vi.(使)混合 vt.配制 vi.相处 mix with 与……混合/融合;与……相处 词汇 6 mixture n.混合;结合体;混合物 of UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 mix up 弄错;弄乱 mix A and/with B把A和B混合/融合 mix A up with B把A错当成B •Tears mixed with sweat trickled down his cheeks, and he stood there motionless, not wanting to believe that everything in front of him was true.泪水混合着汗水从他的脸颊淌下来,他一动 不动地站在那里,不愿意相信眼前的一切都是真的。 (读后续写·人物状态描写) •Here they mix work with pleasure, creating a new pattern.在这里他们寓工作于娱乐,开创了 一种新模式。 •People often mix her up with her twin sister—they look very much alike.人们常把她和她的双 胞胎妹妹弄混——她们看起来太像了。 ②mixed adj.混合的;混杂的 mixed feelings复杂的感情 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　When the journey ended, Zac's adventure received widespread media coverage.旅程结束后, 扎克的冒险经历受到了媒体的广泛报道。　    (教材P28) 用法归纳 live coverage现场直播 词汇拓展 ①cover vt.覆盖;掩饰;涉及;包括;行走(一段路程);占地;掩护;够付;报道 n.封面 cover...with...用……覆盖…… cover up盖住,遮住;掩饰 •The e-bike enables users to cover longer distances and save time.电动自行车使用户可以行驶 更长的距离,而且节省时间。 词汇 7 coverage n.新闻报道;覆盖范围 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 •They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies exposed.他们 经常只用手遮住眼睛,身体的其他部分暴露在外面。 (2022全国乙) •He tried his best to cover up the truth, but his expression gave him away.他竭力掩盖真相,但 他的表情出卖了他。 ②covered adj.有顶的;覆盖有……的 be covered with/in 被……覆盖 •In the morning of the late autumn, the leaves were covered with heavy frost.在深秋的早上,树 叶上覆盖着厚厚的霜。 (读后续写·环境描写) UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 The crowd stood to applaud scientists for their important ocean research work.人群起立称赞科 学家们所做的重要的海洋研究工作。(教材P29) 情景导学 The students all applaud the headmaster for his wise decision.学生们都赞许校长明智的决定。 Seeing all my family and friends in the audience applaud me, I felt so confident and grateful.看到 观众中我所有的家人和朋友都为我鼓掌,我感到非常自信和感激。 用法归纳 ①applaud sb./sth. 　     sth.因某事称赞某人/某物 ②applaud sb./sth. 　      词汇 8 applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞;赞赏 for 为某人/某事鼓掌 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 词汇拓展 applause n.鼓掌 break into thunderous/loud applause爆发出雷鸣般的/响亮的掌声 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.虽然1982年这就已经被禁止了,但一些国家依然残忍地“谋杀”这些 聪明的动物。(教材P32) 情景导学 So cruel is the man that he never shows any mercy to whoever is against his opinion.那个男人是 如此残忍,无论谁反对他的意见,他都绝不会手下留情。 The beggar has no money with which to buy food. Fortunately, passers-by have mercy on him.那 个乞丐没有钱买食物。幸运的是,路人对他很仁慈。 Firefighters remained at the mercy of the weather and the fire was far from being contained.消防 员们仍然受制于天气,火势远未得到控制。 词汇 9 mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Whoever breaks the law will be punished without mercy.任何违反法律的人都将受到毫不留情 的惩罚。 用法归纳 ①show mercy 　    ... 对……表现出仁慈 ②have mercy 　    ... 对……仁慈/怜悯;宽恕…… ③　     the mercy of... 受制于……;任由……摆布 ④　      mercy残忍地;毫不留情地 ⑤ask for mercy请求宽恕 to on at without UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 词汇拓展 ①merciful adj.宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的 be merciful to sb.对某人仁慈 •He is even generous and merciful to his opponents.他即便对竞争者也仁慈大方。 ②merciless adj.无情的;残忍的 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 The sea is home to life, not human beings' possessions.海洋是生物的家园,不是人类的财产。 (教材P32) 情景导学 I'm sorry to inform you that you can't legally take possession of the property until the contract is signed.我很遗憾地通知你,直到合同签署了,你才能合法地取得这处房产。 He is in possession of that beautiful garden while the shop is in the possession of his brother.他拥 有那座美丽的花园,而那个商店归他哥哥所有。 用法归纳 ①take possession 　    ... 取得…… ②sb. be in possession of sth. 　     词汇 10 possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产;拥有;控制 of 某人拥有某物  UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ③sth. be in 　     possession of sb. 某物为某人所有;某物属于某人(=sth. be in one's posses- sion) 特别提醒 in possession of“拥有……;占有……”,主语通常为表示人的词;in the possession of “…… 为某人所有”,主语通常为表示物的词。有类似用法的短语:in charge of 负责,掌管;in the charge of 由……负责,由……掌管。 词汇拓展 possess vt.拥有;具有;支配 be possessed of sth.具有某种品质(或特征) •Our English teacher is possessed of the most brilliant talents and everyone in our class respects him.我们的英语老师才华横溢,班上的每个人都尊重他。 (写作·钦佩的人) the UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 A $5 million reward has been announced for information leading to the arrest of those responsible for the murder. (警方)已宣布悬赏500万美元,寻找能将凶手缉拿归案的线索。　    (教材P34) 情景导学 She was under arrest on suspicion of murder.她因涉嫌谋杀而被逮捕。 The police arrested him for hunting the endangered animal.警察因他猎杀濒危动物而逮捕了 他。 用法归纳 ①　     arrest被逮捕 ②arrest sb.　    ...因……而逮捕某人(被动语态为　     ) 词汇 11 arrest n.逮捕;拘留;中止 vt.逮捕;拘留;阻止,中止;吸引(注意) under for sb. be arrested for... UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 高频词汇积累 词汇 释义 用法&拓展 negotiate vt.商定;达成(协议) vi.谈判;磋商;协商 negotiate with the company about/for safety problems与该 公司谈判安全问题 negotiation n.谈判;磋商 be under negotiation在商谈之 中 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 royal adj.皇家的;王室的;高贵的;庄 严的;盛大的 n.王室成员 the royal family 王室 royally adv.非常好地;以盛情; 极度 royalty n.王族;王位;王权 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 channel n.航道;海峡;频道;方法,途径 (生义) v.引导;输送,传送(生义) a movie/sports channel 电影/体育频道 through the proper channels 通过正当途径 the English Channel 英吉利海峡 He channeled his child's interest into sport.他将孩子的兴趣引导到体育运动上。 politics n.政治;政治观点;政治活动; 权术 political adj.政治的;政府的 politically adv.政治上 politician n.政治家;政客 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 profession n.职业;行业 professional adj.职业的,专业 的 n.专业人员;专家 professionally adv.专业地;内 行地;在职业上 professor n.教授;讲师;教员 meanwhile (=meantime) adv.与此同时;在此期间;(比 较两方面)对比之下 =in the meanwhile在此期间, 与此同时 exploit vt.开发,利用,剥削 exploitation n.开发,利用,开 采;剥削 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 murder vt.谋杀,凶杀,毁坏(生义) n.谋杀,凶杀 注意:murder虽然以-er结尾, 但不表示人,表示“杀人犯, 杀人凶手”应在该词词尾加- er,即murderer opponent n.反对者;对手;竞争者 Know both your opponent and yourself, and you will never be defeated.知己知彼,百战百 胜。 log vt.把……载入正式记录;记录 n.正式记录;日志;原木 log on/in 登录,注册,进入(计 算机系统) log off/out 退出(计算机系 统);注销 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 经典结构 情境破 结构 1 there is a(n)...need to do sth.有……的需要去做某事 　　From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to under- stand climate change and its effects.从科学角度看,迫切需要研究北极以了解气候变化及其影 响。(教材P27) 结构拓展 ①there is no need/a(n)...need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没有必要/有……的需要做某事 •There is no need for you to beg others for help.你不需要向别人求援。 ②there is no need/a(n)...need for sth./sb.对某人/某物没有需要/有……的需要 •There is no need for such caution as it is so easy for you to solve this problem.不必如此谨慎, 因为对你来说解决这个问题很容易。 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.我们需要 了解我们的地球正在发生什么,这样我们才能采取行动。(教材P32) 情景导学 Please say definitely whether you will be coming or not so that I can arrange everything well in advance.请明确告诉我你来不来,以便我可以提前安排好一切。 Although it was a little noisy at the beginning of the class, the teacher spoke loudly, so that every student heard clearly.虽然上课之初有些吵闹,但老师说得很大声,所以每个学生都听得很清 楚。 结构 2 so that引导的状语从句 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 用法归纳 ①so that引导　     状语从句时,意为“以便,为了”,可以和 in order that互换。从句中常 含有might、could、can、will等情态动词。 ②so that 引导　     状语从句时,意为“因此,以至于,所以”,从句中一般不用情态动词,有 时前面有逗号与主句隔开。 结构拓展 so...that...和such...that...可引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于……”。其具体用法如 下: so+ +that从句 such+ +that从句 目的 结果 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 •Playing football is so fun that it attracts billions of people.踢足球是如此有趣,以至于它吸引 了数十亿人。 •The boy asked me so many strange questions that they really confused me.这个男孩问了我很 多奇怪的问题,真把我弄糊涂了。 • The carbon fiber bike is so light a vehicle that a person can lift it up with one hand.碳纤维自 行车是如此轻便的一种交通工具,以至于一个人可以用一只手举起它。 •He is such a good teacher that we all respect him.他是一位如此好的老师,我们都尊敬他。 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 长难句图解 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 复习不定式 一、动词不定式的时态和语态构成 动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。其否定形式为“not +动词不定式”。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,但是有时态和语态的变化。如下表所示: 必备语法 情景破 时态 语态 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing / 完成进行式 to have been doing / UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 一、动词不定式的用法 (一)动词不定式作主语 情景导学 To show mercy to enemies is cruel to ourselves.对敌人仁慈就是对我们自己残忍。 It is pleasant to breathe the fresh air in the morning.在早晨呼吸新鲜空气是令人愉快的。 It was very considerate of him to arrange everything well before the wedding.婚礼前他安排好了 一切,非常体贴。 It is important for us to behave ourselves in public.对我们来说,在公共场合行为得当很重要。 It took J.K. Rowling about five years to finish her first book.J.K.罗琳花了大约五年的时间完成 了她的第一本书。 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 用法归纳 (1)动词不定式作主语往往表示具体的、一次性的或尚未发生的动作。 (2)单个不定式(短语)作主语时,谓语动词用①　     形式。 (3)为了保持句子结构平衡,避免头重脚轻,往往用②　    作形式主语,把作真正主语的不定 式(短语)放在后面。常用于下面的句型: It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. It is/was+adj.(kind/nice/foolish/mean/wise/honest/...)+of sb. to do sth. It is/was+adj.(important/necessary/possible/easy/...)+for sb. to do sth. 在It is/was+adj.+of/for sb. to do sth.句型中,当形容词形容人的品质、性格等时,介词用③　    ,当形容词表示不定式的特征时,介词用④　    。 单数 it of for UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 (二)动词不定式作宾语 情景导学 That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross- country team.那就是为什么没有一个孩子认为戴维决定加入越野队是不寻常的。(2022新高 考Ⅱ) As working from home becomes increasingly common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.由于在家工作变得越来越普遍,人们发现更容易兼顾家长之 职与全职工作了。(2021天津3月) 用法归纳 (1)常见的跟不定式作宾语的动词有: 三个希望两答应:hope, wish, want, agree, promise 两个要求一拒绝:demand, ask, refuse 设法学会做决定:manage, learn, decide UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 不要假装在选择:pretend, choose 计划提出两打算:plan, offer, intend, mean 申请失败担得起:apply, fail, afford 准备期望又碰巧:prepare, desire, happen (2)有些动词后如果有较长的不定式短语作宾语,且还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式短语放 在宾语补足语之后,用⑤　    作形式宾语。构成:v.+⑥　    +adj./n.+to do sth.。用于此结构 的常见动词有:find, think, consider, feel, make, believe等。 特别提醒 but和except后接不定式时,常遵循“前有do,后省to”的原则。 I have nothing to do but (to)watch TV.我除了看电视,没有事情可做。 Tom has no choice but to give up.汤姆别无选择,只能放弃。 it it UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 (三)动词不定式作表语 情景导学 The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism.本书的目的是为数字极简主义 辩护。 (2023新课标Ⅰ) My ambition is to be in a league of my own in this field.我的目标是在这个领域独领风骚。 用法归纳 (1)不定式可放在⑦　     后作表语,通常说明⑧　     的具体内容,往往含有将来的 意思。 (2)常用不定式作表语的主语有:dream, ambition, hope, aim, goal, purpose, wish, advice, sug- gestion, promise, idea等。 系动词 主语 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 (四)动词不定式作定语 情景导学 We are preparing for the midterm examination to be held next week.我们正在为下周将要举行 的期中考试做准备。 A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step to journey the Belt and Road route by foot.近日,一名来自北京的失明男子徒步40天来到西安,作为徒步 旅行“一带一路”路线的第一步。 (2022全国甲) And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.而我们养成等待习惯的唯 一方法就是练习。 (2023全国甲) She said she had no plans to go there.她说她没有去那里的打算。 The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.布朗一家有一套舒适的房子可以居住。 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 用法归纳 (1)不定式在句中作定语修饰名词或代词时,常置于被修饰词之后。 (2)当中心词为⑨　     、最高级或中心词被这类词修饰时,多用不定式作定语。 (3)当中心词被the last、⑩　     、the very等限定时,多用不定式作定语。 (4)有些抽象名词后常跟不定式作定语,常见的有promise、plan、chance、decision、ability、 order、instructions等。 特别提醒 当不定式与被修饰词之间是被动关系,且句中有该不定式的逻辑主语时,不定式常用主动形 式表被动意义。如果这个不定式是不及物动词,其后应有与之搭配的介词。 序数词 the only UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 (五)动词不定式作宾语补足语 情景导学 Though technology is used to help us, we should not allow it to take over our lives.虽然技术被用 来帮助我们,但我们不应该让它掌控我们的生活。 We shouldn't consider our opponents to be the weak.我们不应该轻敌。 People saw firefighters withdraw from the scene of the fire.人们看见消防员撤离了火灾现场。 No one can help you (to) overcome your fear, so you must depend on yourself.没有人能帮助你 克服自身的恐惧,因此你只能靠自己。 (写作·提出建议) With so many problems to settle, we should hold another meeting tomorrow.有这么多问题要解 决,我们明天应该再开一次会议。 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 用法归纳 (1)ask、cause、help、force、allow、consider、permit、advise、order、get、want、wish、 tell等动词常用不定式作宾语补足语。 (2)在“五看(see、watch、observe、notice、look at)三使(make、let、have)二听(hear、listen to)一感觉(feel)”后面的宾语补足语中,不定式 　     ,但变为被动语态后,必须 　      。 (3)help后跟不定式作宾语补足语时,不定式可带to也可不带to,意思没有区别。 (4)不定式可在with的复合结构中作宾补,即with+宾语+不定式。 特别提醒 (1)五看(see、watch、observe、notice、look at)二听(hear、listen to)一感觉(feel)接省略to的 不定式作宾语补足语时,表示“看到/听到/感觉到动作的全过程”;这些词也可以接现在分词 作宾语补足语,这时表示“看到/听到/感觉到动作正在发生”。 (2)不定式作宾语补足语的结构变为被动语态时,宾语补足语就转换成了主语补足语。 不带to 还原to UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 (六)动词不定式作状语 情景导学 He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.他还 设计了一种生态机器来净化中国东南部城市福州的运河水。(2023新课标Ⅰ) Eagerly, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn't fit. 她急切地从 包裹里拿出连衣裙试穿了一下,结果发现它不合身。 I was frightened to hear a strange sound from the empty house.听见从空荡荡的屋子里传来了奇 怪的声音我非常害怕。 He was not brave enough to report the loss of the documents.他没有足够的勇气去报告文件的 丢失。 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 用法归纳 (1)不定式作状语时,其逻辑主语一般就是句子的主语。 (2)不定式作 　     状语时,通常可与in order to、so as to互换,但so as to通常不置于句 首。 (3)不定式作结果状语,常用结构为“形容词/副词+enough+to do...”,“too...to do...”。 表示 出乎意料的结果时,常在不定式前面加上 　    。 (4)不定式作 　     状语时,常用于sorry、surprised、disappointed、excited、glad、hap py、delighted、pleased、frightened等形容词后,说明某种情绪产生的原因。 特别提醒 现在分词短语作结果状语常常表示意料之中的结果。 It hasn't rained for a month, making the crops hard to grow.已经一个月没下雨了,使得庄稼很难 生长。 目的 only 原因 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 三、动词不定式使用的注意事项 情景导学1 This new technology is easy to apply to various fields.这项新技术很容易应用到各个领域。 The text is too difficult to understand.这篇文章太难理解了。 用法归纳1 在“主语+be+adj.(easy/hard/safe/good/comfortable/...)+to do”和“too...to do...”结构中,不定 式和句子主语之间构成逻辑上的 　     关系时,不定式常用 　     形式表示          意义。 情景导学2 I felt I was to blame for this car accident.我觉得我应该为这次汽车事故负责。 用法归纳2  　     为主动形式,但表示被动意义。 被动 主动 被动 be to blame UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 情景导学3 To tell you the truth, I don't like the way you talk to your principal.说实话,我不喜欢你和校长说 话的方式。 However, to be frank, many people have doubts about his sincerity.不过,坦率地说,很多人对他 的诚意有疑问。 They had an awful time! To begin with, Max got sick on the first day.他们度过了一段糟糕的时 光!首先,马克斯第一天就生病了。 用法归纳3 不定式短语to tell you the truth(说实话);to be frank(坦白说);to be exact(确切地说);to begin with(首先)等,常在句中作状语,这时不定式的逻辑主语与句子主语不必一致。 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 情景导学4 When to get together hasn't been decided.什么时候聚会还没决定。 Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience.学习 在哪里寻找动物以及如何安全地享受你的野生动物观赏经历。 (2023新课标Ⅱ) I haven't decided whether to visit my grandparents in the country or go on an outing this week- end.我还没有决定这个周末是去看望乡下的祖父母还是去远足。 用法归纳4 不定式有时可与what、which、who、when、  　     、 　     、 　     等 疑问词连用构成一个“疑问词+动词不定式”结构, 这个结构相当于一个名词,可在句中作  　     或 　     等成分。但why后面不能接带to的不定式。 where how whether 主语 宾语 UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 即时巩固 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 Across northern Africa, the desert is steadily growing. Drylands are spreading. But a bold project known as the Great Green Wall aims 1.　     (stop) the growth of the desert. The ambitious program includes plans 2.　     (help) protect and maintain land and water resources and fight poverty, which are practical enough 3.　     (make) the bad situation change for the better. To care for their land 4.　    (be) what farmers are learning. They are planting millions of trees and crops. The program receives support from the United Nations, the World Bank and other or- ganizations,which feel it their duty 5.　     (help) develop the project and are glad 6. 　     (see) the project take effect. to stop to help to make is to help to see UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 The Great Green Wall's trees provide a barrier against desert winds and help hold moisture in the air and soil, allowing crops 7.　     (grow) better. More resources will bring more jobs. “The goal is 8.　     (create)sustainable land management,” said Nora Berrahmouni, a forestry officer who works with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. to grow to create UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 $$