Unit 7 The unknown world 同步学讲练Grammar --2024-2025学年沪教牛津版 八年级英语下册

Module 4　Discovery Unit 7　The unknown world 第3课时　 Grammar单元语法精讲 •原因状语从句 一、定义： 　　用连词连接一个在句中充当原因状语的句子，构成主从复合句中的原因状语从句。原因状语从句通常由 because， since， as 等从属连词来引导。例： · I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢它。 · As we have no money, we can’t buy it. 由于我们没钱， 所以我们不能买它。 · Since you are in one house, you should share the housework. 既然你们是一家人， 你们就应该分担家务。 · He didn’t take part in the race, for he was hurt. 他没有参加比赛， 因为他受伤了。 · Since you’re not interested, I won’t tell you about it. 既然你不感兴趣， 那我就不告诉你了。 二、常见连词的区别： 1. because because引导的从句表示直接原因， 通常是指对方所不知道的原因。语气最强， 常用于回答why引导的问句。引导的从句可放在句首， 也可放在句尾。位于句首时通常用逗号与主句隔开；位于句尾时可以用逗号， 也可以不用逗号与主句隔开。例： · Because Mike fell off his bike and hurt his arms, he didn’t finish his homework. 因为迈克从自行车上摔了下来并且伤了胳膊， 所以他没有完成家庭作业。 · He distrusted me because I was new. 他不信任我， 因为我是新来的。 2. since since引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理由（通常翻译成“既然”）， 语气比 because 弱。例： · Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.既然你今天有空， 你最好帮我补习数学。 3. as as引导原因状语从句时， 表示附带说明的 “双方已知的原因”， 语气比since弱， 位置较为灵活 （常放于主句之前）。例： · As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi to the train station. 因为在下雨， 你最好乘出租车去火车站。 4. for for连接的是并列分句，它虽表示原因，但并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因， 只提供一些辅助性的补充说明；for放在两个并列分句之间。例： · He seldom goes out now, for he is very old. 他现在很少出门了， 因为他年事已高。 三、注意事项： 1. 汉语习惯上说“因为……所以……”， 但在英语里却不能将 so 与 because 连用。 例：因为下雨，所以我们待在家里。 误：Because it was raining so we stayed at home. 正：Because it was raining, we stayed at home. 正：It was raining, so we stayed at home. 2. because 与 because of 的区别： 两者的意思都是“因为”， 区别在于 because of 是介词短语， 后接名词、代词、动名词及由what引导的从句；而because是从属连词， 后接句子。 例：They didn’t go to the museum yesterday because of the rain. ＝ They didn’t go to the museum yesterday because it rained. 因为下雨，他们昨天没有去博物馆。 He couldn’t come here because of his illness. ＝ He couldn’t come here because he was ill. 他因病不能来这儿。 基础练习·课时过关 一、词汇应用。用方框中的单词填空， 使句意完整通顺。 because，　because of，　so，　since，　as 1. —Why didn’t Tom come to school? — _________ his mother was ill. 2. It will rain_________ the sky is blue. 3. I was late for work _________ the bad traffic. 4. _________we live near the river, we can often go swimming in summer. 5. It is very hot outside, _________ we have to stay at home. 二、单项选择。 ( ) 1. I always get up early on weekdays, _________ I’m afraid I will be late for school. A. because B. so C. though D. then ( ) 2. Jack has learned more about teamwork ________ he joined the soccer team. A. until B. since C. while D. though ( ) 3. I have to study too much _________ I don’t get enough sleep. A. but B. so C. or D. because ( ) 4. Many people like pandas ________ they are cute. A. though B. if C. while D. because ( ) 5. ________ his right hand was hurt, ________ he wrote slowly. A. Because； so B. Because； / C. Although； but D. Although； / ( ) 6.  ________you feel ill, you’d better stay in bed. A. For B. As C. Since D. Because 三、用 because， as 或 since 连接句子。 1. Mr Brown doesn’t have many friends here. He is a newcomer. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. You refuse to do the work. We need to find someone else. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. It’s getting dark. Let’s go home now. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. He didn’t walk. His legs were broken. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. It’s the last bus. We’d better get on it. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 四、根据汉语意思完成句子， 每空一词。 1. 你应该穿上你的外套， 因为外面冷。 You should ________ ________your coat ________ it is cold outside. 2. 既然你累了， 你可以休息一下。 ________ you are tired, you ________ ________ a rest. 3. 由于雨很大， 所以我们没有去游泳。 ________ it was raining ________,we didn’t go swimming. 4. 因为她生病了， 所以她没有去上学。 She didn’t go to school ________ ________her illness. 5. 他没有完成家庭作业是因为他很懒。 He didn’t finish his homework ________ he was very_________. 培优练习·中考题型过关 五、语法选择。 Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber. Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years __1__ an adventure （冒险） in South America. He was even __2__ to be Adventurer of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018. __3__Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel pleased. He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains? How can I turn my adventures into __4__ that can help the world?” Jerry learned that scientists needed to study plants, rocks and water samples （样本） from places far away. But scientists can’t get there themselves as such places are hard to reach—only the  __5__ adventurers can make it. He then thought of an idea. He set up a team of top adventurers __6__ samples for scientists. By __7__ the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it.  __8__ meaningful work he has done！ Since 2020, Jerry and his friends  __9__ more than 1,000 samples for learning how plants live in terrible conditions. For Jerry, this kind of adventures is most satisfying. “Such adventures have made us see life in a different way. Now, being the best climber __10__ important for me. What matters is doing something helpful when climbing mountains. There is still much more we can do,” Jerry said to a newspaper reporter. ( ) 1. A. in B. to C. on D. with ( ) 2. A. chose B. chooses　　 C. choosing D. chosen ( ) 3. A. If B. Although C. When D. Since ( ) 4. A. something B. anything　　 C. everything D. nothing ( ) 5. A. brave B. braver　　 C. bravest D. the bravest ( ) 6. A. to collect B. collecting　　 C. collect D. collected ( ) 7. A. studying B. study　　 C. studies D. studied ( ) 8. A. What a B. What C. How a D. How ( ) 9. A. finds B. found　　 C. have found D. find ( ) 10. A. aren’t B. isn’t　　 C. weren’t D. wasn’t 参考答案 一、1. Because 2. as 3. because of 4. Since 5. so 二、1-5 ABBDB 6-10 C 三、 1.  Mr Brown doesn’t have many friends here because he is a newcomer.　 2.  Since you refuse to do the work, we need to find someone else.　 3. As it’s getting dark, let’s go home now. 4. He didn’t walk because his legs were broken. 5. Since it’s the last bus, we’d better get on it. 四、1. put on, because 2. Since, may have 3. As, hard 4. because of 5. because, lazy 五、1-5 CDBAC 6-10 AABCB 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$