高一英语下学期期末模拟卷（江苏专用）-2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末复习查缺补漏冲刺满分（译林版2020）

学校 班级 姓名 准考证号 密 封 线 45 IAJ[BJIC]IDI 44 [AJIBIICIID] IAJIBIICHIDI [AJ[BJICJID] 41 [AJ[BIICIID] [AJIBJICJIDI [AJ[BIIC]ID] [AJIBIICIIDI [AIIBIICI[DI [AJIBJICHIDI [AIIBJIC] [AJIBIICI IAJIBIICI [AJIBIICI [AJ[BIICI 的 (O UI W N 3 (O OO UWNO 49 [AI[BJICI[D] 48 [A]IB]IC]ID] 46 [AJIBIICI[D] 30 IAJ[BJICI[D] 29 [AJ[BJ[CJ[DI 28 [AJIBJ[CI[D] 27 IAJIBI[CI[D] 26 [AJIBI[CI[DI 10 [A][B]IC] 9 [AJ[BI[CI 8 [AJIBIIC] 7 [AIIBIICI 6 IAJ[BIIC] 00 分 必 5 IAJIBIICIIDI 54 IAJ[BI[CIIDI 53 IAJIBIICIIDI IAJ[BJ[CJIDI 51 IAI[BJICIIDI 35 IAJIBI[CI[D] 34 IAJ[B][CI[D] 33 [AI[BI[CIID] 32 [AI[BI[CI[DI 31 [A][B][C][D] 15 [AJIB][C] 14 [AI[B][C] 13 [A][B][C] 1 IAJIB][C] 11 [A][B][C] 入。二粮精标 话限利 0 著茶 202L2025号磊联一二经期翔及专洲 - ■■ 40 [AJIBJICIIDIIEJ[FIIG] 39 [AJIBIICJ[DI[EJ[FI[GI 38 [AJIBI[CI[DIIEJ[FIIGI 36 [AJIBJICIIDJIEI[FIIGI 20 [AJ[BI[C] 19 [AJ[BJICI 18 [AJ[BI[C] 16 [AJIBI[C] ■ 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 喝 第二节（满分25分） Paragraph 1: Paragraph 2: 烯 请在各愿目的答题区域内作瓷，出思色怎形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 培第2贞共2页听力考试正式开始。What time did you arrive home last night? I was really late. My flight was delayed. And when we eventually landed, the last bus card left and I had to take a taxi. Why didn't you take the train? The loss trying got cancelled. Listen to the next question. The printer just called and our leaflets are ready for pickup. Should I go get them? I wouldn't do that. Just send Robert. I need you to work on the presentation for ms. Anderson. Listen to the next question. I can't check the books out for some reason. Hm, let me take a luck. Oh, IT says that you have overdue fees of twenty two dollars on your account. Really, i'll pay the fine now. then. Listen to the next question. I liked the brochure, which just covered lakes and mountains. You went mind, not being near the city. No, we're always in the city for work. I would be lovely to spend a couple of weeks away from IT. If you tell me which place you like best, i'll book IT. Listen to the next question. I thought the music was brilliant and just the right number of people for dancing. Yeah, but i'm not surprised that the neighbors complained the music was terribly loud. I know you could hear IT at the end of the street. Listen to the next question. I planned to play tennis with a friend last weekend, but I cancelled. I had to finish some work on a project. I'm sorry you missed your game. Do you usually play tennis at the park? Actually found a great deal at a local hotel. You can get a membership card that gives you access to the tennis court and swimming pool. That sounds nice. Maybe we could play a game there this saturday. What do you think? I planned to play tennis with a friend last weekend, but I cancelled. I had to finished some work on a project. I'm sorry you missed your game. Do you usually play tennis at the park? Actually, I found a great deal at a local hotel. You can get a membership card that gives you access to the tennis court and swimming pool. That sounds nice. Maybe we could play a game there this saturday. What do you think? Listen to the next question. What will you do when you finish college? Oh, i'll probably stay in the city for work. I love that idea, but I prefer finding a job closer to home. I value being the family. Still, life in the big city is certainly attractive. Well, maybe you could find a job in a big city closer to home. On the other hand, since you like to travel, you could possibly get a job in another country. You're right. I might get really bored just doing the same old thing. I'd learn a lot overseas, even pick up another language. It's definitely something to think about. What will you do when you finish college? Oh, i'll probably stay in the city for work. I love that idea, but I prefer finding a job closer to home. I value being near family. Still, life in the big city is certainly attractive. Well, maybe you could find a job in a big city closer to home. On the other hand, since you like to travel, you could possibly get a job in another country. You're right. I might get really bored just doing the same old thing. I'd learn a lot overseas, even pick up another language. It's definitely something to think about. Listen to the next question. Hi Sarah. I'm making plans for the next business conference in the summer. What venues would you recommend? I think high wind hotel has great conference rooms and all the necessary equipment you might need. I've planned workshop says well as weddings there, and they always do a great job. All right, i'll give them a call and reserve their spaces today. Did you really send newsletter about IT? No, I just want to confirm the venues first, and then we'll start sending out emails and newsletters. great. Let me know if you need any help about that. thanks. In fact, can you take a look at a draft i'm working on? I'd like you your opinion on IT. Hi, Sarah. I'm making plans for the next business conference in the summer. What venues would you recommend? I think high wind hotel has great conference rooms and all the necessary equipment you might need. I've planned workshop says well as weddings there, and they always do a great job. All right, i'll give them a call and reserve their spaces today. Did you really send newsletter about IT? No, I just want to confirm the venues first, and then we'll start sending out emails and newsletters. great. Let me know if you need any help about that. thanks. In fact, can you take a look at a draft i'm working on? I'd like your opinion on IT. Listen to the next question. Excuse me, sir, I wonder if you could spare a few minutes to answer some questions. okay. What's IT to do with . i'm representing the airlines, which use the airport. There are plans to develop a new terminal in the future. Could I ask you first which country you've just flown in from? I've been down under australia to singapore, but I broke my journey in india and spent two nights there. okay. What about the checking facilities? How long did you have to spend lining up in order to check in? Far too long, they tell you to get here at least two hours before your flight leaves. And what happens? You spend almost an hour just standing. What kind of refreshment facilities do you require? Well, it's a lonely life traveling around, but you can usually find someone to talk to in a cafe or a restaurant, but I don't think people want big meals when they're flying, so I think you need something like a snack bar, certainly not a restaurant where you might have to wait ages to be served. Thank you very much, sir. Excuse me, sir. I wonder if you could spare a few minutes to answer some questions. okay. What's IT to do with . i'm representing the airlines, which use the airport. There are plans to develop a new terminal in the future. Could I ask you first which country you've just flown in from? I've been down under australia to singapore, but I broke my journey in india and spent two nights there. Okay, what about the checking facilities? How long did you have to spend lining up in order to check in? Far too long, they tell you to get here at least two hours before your flight leaves. And what happens? You spend almost an hour just standing. What kind of refreshment facilities do you require? Well, it's a lonely life traveling around, but you can usually find someone to talk to in a cafe or a restaurant. But I don't think people want big meals when they're flying. So I think you need something like a snack bar, certainly not a restaurant where you might have to wait ages to be served. Thank you very much, sir. Listen to the next question. Good morning, my named Samantha, and i'm here to welcome you on behalf of panama tours. I've prepared a fact sheet for each of you, but before I give them out, there are just a few things i'd like to add. There are various trips organized by panama tours, which you might like to book. These are listed on your fact sheet. Payment must be made at the time of booking, and in order to reserve a place on the coach, you must make a reservation with a minimum of twenty four hours notice for dining options, explore local restaurants in the town center as the hotel only serves breakfast. At the bottom of the fact sheet, you'll find a list of names, addresses. You can get a ten percent discount on your meal by informing the restaurant staff that you're with. Panorama, too, is if you plan on shopping, shops open late in the morning, anything between ten and eleven, but stay open until late at night. However, banks close early, so be careful as changing money is best done through a bank. If you do run short of cash, most stores will accept credit cards, but there is an additional charge for the service. Good morning. My named Samantha, and I am here to welcome you on behalf of panama tours. I've prepared a fact sheet for each of you. But before I give them out, there are just a few things i'd like to add. There are various trips organized by panama tours, which you might like to book. These are listed on your fact sheet. Payment must be made at the time of booking, and in order to reserve a place on the coach, you must make a reservation with a minimum of twenty four hours notice. For dining options, explore local restaurants in the town centre as the hotel only serves breakfast. At the bottom of the fact sheet, you'll find a list of names and addresses. You can get a ten percent discount on your meal by informing the restaurant staff that you're with panorama tours. If you plan on shopping, shops open late in the morning, anything between ten and eleven, but stay open until late at night. However, banks close early, so be careful as changing money is best done through a bank. If you do run short of cash, most stores will accept credit cards, but there is an additional charge for the service. 听力部分到此结束。 绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高一下学期期末模拟卷 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．How did the woman get home? A．By taxi. B．By bus. C．By train. 2．Who will collect leaflets? A．The man. B．Roberts. C．Ms. Anderson. 3．Where does the conversation take place? A．In a book store. B．In a bank. C．In a library. 4．What are the speakers talking about? A．Choosing a brochure. B．Planning a trip. C．Booking some tickets. 5．What did the speakers think of the party? A．Noisy. B．Boring. C．Crowded. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What did the man do last weekend? A．He played tennis. B．He attended a game. C．He completed a project. 7．What does the woman want to do? A．Apply for the hotel membership. B．Go to a swimming pool. C．Work out at the hotel. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．What does the man plan to do after graduation? A．Get a job in the city. B．Work closer to home. C．Travel to another country. 9．What is the woman’s opinion on walking overseas? A．Boring. B．Rewarding. C．Challenging. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10．Why does the man talk to the woman? A．To extend an invitation. B．To seek help with a report. C．To ask for advice. 11．Why does the woman mention about the Highwind Hotel? A．It provides excellent service. B．She had her wedding there. C．It is difficult to reserve. 12．What does the woman offer to do? A．Look at the draft. B．Reserve a venue. C．Send out emails. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13．What is the woman doing? A．Hosting a program. B．Serving a customer. C．Doing a survey. 14．Where did the man stop over? A．In Australia. B．In India. C．In Singapore. 15．How does the man feel about the check-in services? A．It’s disorganized. B．It’s flexible. C．It’s inefficient. 16．What kind of refreshment facilities does the man suggest? A．A full-service restaurant. B．A snack bar. C．A coffee shop 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．What is the speaker? A．A travel agent. B．A hotel clerk. C．A restaurant worker. 18．What will the listeners do to reserve a coach? A．Buy tickets in advance. B．Book at least one day ahead. C．Fill in a form. 19．What do we know about the restaurants listed on the fact sheet? A．They are in partnership with Panorama Tours. B．They open late in the morning. C．They accept credit cards. 20．What does the speaker remind the listeners to do? A．Pay attention to bank hours. B．Use credit cards for purchases. C．Avoid shopping in the morning. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Here are some wonderful high school programs abroad. Honors Spanish Language & Culture While all our programs are useful, this program is for students with the drive to grow their Spanish and cross-cultural understanding to the max! You have to take a language ability test to ensure you can speak Spanish well.You will live in a local family and go on cultural activities and short trips. Leadership & Service in Public Health In this program, you should assess the health needs of communities in Santiago and participate in field-based public health education initiatives (倡议). Alongside a local nongovernmental organization, take part in activities that encourage children and teens to form healthy habits, like healthy eating, physical activities, and enough sleep. Service in Young Cancer Patients Development You will dive into the workings of a local nongovernmental organization in Mérida. Its mission is to improve the lives of young, disadvantaged cancer patients and improve their chances of recovery. Undertake meaningful tasks that support this mission and see the effect on the community. Living with a host family, you’ll fully experience local traditions to better understand your service. Advocating (提倡) for Social Justice Develop your social justice advocacy skills! Join other students who want to make a difference! Learn about a local nongovernmental organization that provides care for special groups. Reflect on your own cultural background, identity, and social condition in your local community.Your experiences in a homestay family will encourage you to be a participant of the change that matters for now and the future. 21．What is a requirement for joining the first program? A．To be required to live independently. B．To be native speakers of Spanish. C．To pass a language ability test. D．To focus on short trips. 22．What does the program in Santiago aim to promote among children and teens? A．Physical activities only. B．The number of skills. C．Medical treatments. D．Healthy lifestyle. 23．What do the third and fourth programs have in common? A．Both focus on the health of cancer patients. B．Both involve living with a host family. C．Both are centered around social justice. D．Both require a background in social work. B 27-year-old Alexandra Knox, from Newcastle, moved in with Florence Smith after starting a master’s degree. Having quite possibly the largest age gap (差距) of any housemates in the UK, the pair say they hit it off and have a great time living together. They watch afternoon TV together, chat over a cup of tea, and do some of the cleaning together — “It’s no different from living with university students,” said Alexandra. Florence has lived in the London home for over 50 years. Having retired from her job at the age of 70, and with her family living far away, she was left on her own. To avoid feeling lonely, she signed up for house sharing with Homeshare, the charity which paired her with Alexandra. “Sharing your home is a great idea. Loneliness is horrible. Having someone else in the home makes a big difference. You don’t have to worry about falling over or hurting yourself. And more importantly, it’s lovely to have somebody to talk to during the day,” Florence said. Florence added, “I was already 67 years old when my housemate was born, and when I told my friends about it, they thought it was strange. But the more they find out about it, the more they think it’s a very good idea.” Alexandra said she was originally frightened by the idea of moving to London and living with an older person, but she thinks it has made her experience in the capital much better and has been a great way to cover sky-high rental costs. “It just didn’t seem like the normal thing to do, living with an older person,” she explained. “But now it’s like being with an old family friend. It gives me somewhere homely to come back to in the evening, which is great.” 24．What does the underlined part “hit it off ” in the first paragraph probably mean? A．Have quarrels. B．Get along well. C．Be bored. D．Get used to new environments. 25．Why does Florence share her flat? A．To support students. B．To cut down on living costs. C．To get someone to do housework. D．To have someone’s company. 26．What is Florence’s friends attitude to the housemates — Florence and Alexandra? A．Unclear. B．Disapproved. C．Favorable. D．Doubtful. 27．What was Alexandra afraid of at first? A．The study pressure of her master’s degree. B．Living with an old woman in London. C．The high rental costs in London. D．Being away from her family. C Doctors have transplanted a pig kidney (肾) into a 62-year-oldman living with end-stage kidney disease. The patient Richard Slayman, was recovering well and was expected to be discharged from the hospital within days. Strictly speaking, this isn’t the first ever pig-to-human kidney transplant. The procedure has been performed five times in the past, all in people who were declared brain-dead and kept on life support. The most recent of those took place in July 2023 by Robert Montgomery at NYU Langone Health and his workmates. However, Slayman’s operation is the first time that a pig kidney has been transplanted into a living human. Thanks to the efforts by thousands of scientists and physicians over several decades the operation is a great success, which makes it a significant milestone in the field of the transfer of animal organs to humans. Slayman has type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure and kidney disease. He had previously received a human kidney from a donor in December 2018. However, the organs showed signs of failure about five years later. He started dialysis (透析) in May last year, but experienced complications, requiring visits to the hospital every two weeks. The organ was provided by a company called e Genesis, which raises pigs genetically engineered to carry certain human genes and to lack a particular set of pig genes that are harmful to humans. These genetic changes reduce the possibility of transplant rejection, when the immune system attacks the organ and causes it to fail. Slayman is also receiving a cocktail of immune-suppressing drugs to further lower the risk. So far, there is no sign of rejection and Slayman is able to walk on his own. More than 100,000 people in the US are waiting for an organ transplant, 17 of whom die each day. The US Food and Drug Administration authorized the experimental transplant for Slayman due to a lack of other treatment choices. “Our hope is that this transplant approach will offer a lifeline to millions of patients worldwide who are suffering from kidney failure.” said Tatsuo Kawai at Massachusetts General Hospital in a statement. 28．Why is the pig kidney transplant considered a milestone? A．No animal-to-human organ transplant has been done before. B．It is the result of many scientists and physicians’ joint efforts. C．It is the first successful pig kidney transplant into a human. D．It has been performed in people who are declared brain-dead. 29．What can we know from the passage? A．Slayman has received kidney transplant only once. B．Pigs used for transplant carry no human genes. C．Many people in need of organ transplant. D．Slayman needn’t take any drugs after the transplant. 30．What is Tatsuo Kawai’s attitude towards pig kidney transplant? A．Optimistic. B．Doubtful. C．Critical D．Uninterested 31．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Why is Kidney Transplant Important B．Human Receives Pig Kidney C．The Future of Kidney Transplant D．A Milestone in Human History D A new training plan could remind artificial intelligence (AI) programs that they aren’t know-it-alls. AI programs that run robots, self-driving cars and other autonomous machines often train in simulated (模拟) environments before making real-world running. But situations that an AI doesn’t meet with in virtual reality can become blind spots in its real-life decision making. For example, a delivery bot trained in a virtual city with no emergency vehicles may not know that it should stop before entering a crosswalk if it hears sirens (警报). To create machines that move carefully rather than take a risk, computer scientist Ramya Ramakrishnan of MIT and her team developed a post-simulation training program in which a human character helps the AI identify gaps in its education. “This allows the AI to safely act in the real world,” says Ramakrishnan. Engineers could also use information on AI blind spots to design better simulations in the future. During its testing period, the AI takes note of environmental factors influencing the human’s actions that it does not recognize from its simulation. When the human does something the AI doesn’t expect — like hesitating to enter a crosswalk despite having the right-of-way — the AI checks its surroundings (环境) for previously unknown factors, such as sirens. If the AI recognizes any of these features, it thinks the human is following some safety rule it didn’t learn in the virtual world and that it should follow the human’s action in these types of situations. Ramakrishnan’s team have tested this setup by first training AI programs in simplistic simulations and then letting them learn their blind spots from human characters in more realistic but still virtual world. The researchers now need to test the system in the real world. 32．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about AI programs? A．Their applications. B．Their problems. C．Their advantages. D．Their changes. 33．Why does the human character join in the test? A．To ensure the safety of the team. B．To study why AI learns quickly. C．To help AI recognize its weakness. D．To see how AI affects his action. 34．What will Ramakrishnan’s team do in the next stage? A．Carry out the test in real conditions. B．Design better simulation at home. C．Copy the style of the human walk. D．Follow safety rules on the road. 35．What can we infer about the post-simulation training program? A．It cuts the cost of the training. B．It will badly influence the city. C．It has attracted many volunteers. D．It may benefit self-driving cars. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Reduce Stress Everyone experiences stress. Stress is a normal part of life, but too much stress can create health problems. 36 . Whether you are busy studying or working, you need to make sure you have time to relax. 37 . First, find a quiet place and sit up straight. Then, close your eyes, clear your mind, and pay attention to your breathing. This practice of meditation will make you feel relaxed and happier. It will also help you sleep better at night. Studies show that sleep is very important because that is when your body repairs itself. In addition, being tired can make your stress worse. Another way to relax is to listen to music. Music is a very powerful tool. 38 . Listening to fast, lively music can make you feel happy, which will then help you relax and reduce your stress. Some people find that singing along to songs helps take their minds off whatever is giving them stress. If your stress is worrying you, it is best to meet with a friend and talk it out. When you discuss your feelings and problems with someone, you will automatically feel better. At times when you don’t feel like talking, you can write instead. 39 . Remember that stress is a part of life and that you cannot completely get rid of it. 40 . Make time for yourself and try the above suggestions in order to feel relaxed and stay happy and healthy. A．Listening to slow and quiet music can relax your mind. B．Meditation is the best way for young people to keep healthy. C．One of the best ways to relax and reduce stress is to meditate. D．That being said, you need to reduce stress as much as you can. E．Many people like traditional music to help them reduce their stress. F．Many people find it helpful to keep a journal and record their feelings. G．People who are stressed can suffer from headaches, depression, and even heart problems. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Nathan was a boy in my band class as well as in my math class. I never really liked him. He didn’t have any friends at all and always sat 41 at the lunch table listening to music with his phone. People just walked past him without 42 . In class, whenever he was asked a question, he would take a long time to answer it, which made the whole class get 43 . Whenever he got an answer 44 , the whole class would 45 . One day, when I walked into band class and was 46 to play my flute (长笛), Mr. Kohler began the class. After we had played 47 for a little while, Mr. Kohler asked the class, “Who can tell what 48 it is just by hearing the pitch (音高) ?” Nobody raised their hands except Nathan. When I saw him, I laughed and thought he couldn’t do anything 49 . How could he possibly guess the note when the pitch was played? Even Mr. Kobler laughed a little and then told Nathan “Come here, buddy.” Nathan 50 and went to the front of the class. Mr. Kohler had a tuner (校音器). He played a pitch and asked Nathan to 51 it. Nathan said, “E flat.” Mr. Kohler said, “OK. Good.” He played another pitch. “F sharp,” Nathan said. The whole class went 52 . Mr. Kohler 53 Nathan by playing two pitches together. “C and B flat,” Nathan said. “Good job, go back to your seat.” he said. Then I got surprised. Nathan had guessed all the pitches 54 . That day I realized I shouldn’t judge people 55 little things I saw and that I needed to see the great things people can do. 41．A．alone B．lazily C．happily D．hopelessly 42．A．listening B．caring C．praising D．sharing 43．A．satisfied B．excited C．confused D．annoyed 44．A．wrong B．long C．brief D．puzzling 45．A．applaud B．laugh C．ignore D．help 46．A．nervous B．afraid C．ready D．free 47．A．movies B．jokes C．games D．music 48．A．note B．beat C．tune D．song 49．A．bravely B．carefully C．properly D．independently 50．A．came B．rose C．jumped D．sat 51．A．repeat B．guess C．play D．sing 52．A．crazy B．noisy C．silent D．blank 53．A．tricked B．bothered C．encouraged D．challenged 54．A．correctly B．luckily C．seriously D．confidently 55．A．related to B．leading to C．based on D．deciding on 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Morals and virtues are like a compass (指南针) 56 guides us in making good choices and doing the right thing. Morals are about knowing the difference between right and wrong, while virtues are good qualities or habits we should have. When we face a moral dilemma, it’s 57 (challenge) to determine the right action to take. In these times, we can rely on our morals to help us choose 58 (wise). For example, being kind, honest, and fair are important moral values that can guide our actions. Virtues, such as 59 (patient), courage, and generosity, help us become better people. They are like strengths we can develop 60 (face) challenges and treat others with respect. When we show virtues in our daily lives, we inspire those around us to do the same. In relationships like marriage or friendships, morals and virtues play 61 important role. Respect, trust, and loyalty are virtues that build strong connections and foster harmony. When 62 (conflict) arise, relying on moral principles and virtues can help us resolve differences peacefully. It’s also important to pass on these values to the next generation. Teaching children about morals and virtues from a young age 63 (set) a strong foundation for their character development. By practicing kindness, honesty, and empathy, we can create a more compassionate and understanding society. Morals and virtues are essential tools for navigating (导航) life’s challenges and 64 (create) a better world for ourselves and others. With good values, we can build stronger relationships, make wiser choices, and contribute positively 65 our communities. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．假如你是李华，你校将举办以“Technology Changes Life”为题的英语演讲比赛，请你根据以下要点写一篇发言稿参赛。 要点：1. 探讨科技对生活的影响（两点）； 2. 你对科技所持有的态度。 注意：1. 字数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Technology Changes Life Good morning, everyone! _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 I was brought up in a really strict Catholic (天主教的) family. It was just expected that we would go to church every Sunday and that we would “keep the faith Catholicism” as my parents received it. I never bothered to oppose religion as many of my friends did. For some reason I couldn’t quite express myself to my parent’s disappointment. My parents and I never really saw eye to eye about anything. When I was younger it was just the simple thing—the length of my skirt, how I chose to wear my hair or the movies I wanted to watch. But as I got older I found that there was a lot more that we didn’t agree on—my choice of friends, what I wanted to study at university, or how I chose to spend my weekends. I left home at 17 to study at a university in another city. Moving away from home totally broadened my outlook on the world and changed my opinion on lots of issues. Over the past two years I’ve met the most amazing people with the most extraordinarily diverse experiences. My circle of friends includes people with different religions, beliefs, values, cultures and different ways of approaching life. I’ve learnt to question what I’ve been taught and disagree just because that is what “everybody else” thinks. The first couple of times I went home to visit my parents I found it really hard to succeed in dealing with being able to express my opinions as freely as I did when I was away from home. My mum didn’t necessarily agree with my upfront attitude to life. While I was always out there trying to get people to take me and my beliefs and opinions seriously, her attitude was “why fight it?...why not go with the fashion?” It was really annoying. I used to get really upset, for my parents didn’t agree with what I was doing. How did Ideal with the situation? 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Gradually I understood some keywords: communicate with parents as often as possible. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next keywords were to respect with each other. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高一下学期期末模拟卷 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．How did the woman get home? A．By taxi. B．By bus. C．By train. 【答案】A 【原文】M: What time did you arrive home last night? W: I was really late. My flight was delayed and when we eventually landed the last bus had left and I had to take a taxi. M: Why didn’t you take the train? W: The last train got cancelled. 2．Who will collect leaflets? A．The man. B．Roberts. C．Ms. Anderson. 【答案】B 【原文】M: The printer just called and our leaflets are ready for pickup. Should I go get them? W: I wouldn’t do that. Just send Robert. I need you to work on the presentation for Ms Anderson. 3．Where does the conversation take place? A．In a book store. B．In a bank. C．In a library. 【答案】C 【原文】W: I can’t check the books out for some reason. M: Hmm, let me take a look. W: Oh, it says that you have overdue fees of 22 dollars on your account. M: Really? I’ll pay the fine now then. 4．What are the speakers talking about? A．Choosing a brochure. B．Planning a trip. C．Booking some tickets. 【答案】B 【原文】W: I liked the brochure, which just covered lakes and mountains. M: You wouldn’t mind not being near a city. W: No, we’re always in the city for work. It’d be lovely to spend a couple of weeks away from it. M: If you tell me which place you like best, I’ll book it. 5．What did the speakers think of the party? A．Noisy. B．Boring. C．Crowded. 【答案】A 【原文】W: I thought the music was brilliant and just the right number of people for dancing. M: Yeah. But I’m not surprised at the neighbours complained the music was terribly loud. W: I know you could hear it at the end of the street. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What did the man do last weekend? A．He played tennis. B．He attended a game. C．He completed a project. 7．What does the woman want to do? A．Apply for the hotel membership. B．Go to a swimming pool. C．Work out at the hotel. 【答案】6．C 7．C 【原文】M: I planned to play tennis with a friend last weekend, but I cancelled. I had to finish some work on a project. W: I’m sorry you missed your game. Do you usually play tennis at the park? M: Actually, I’ve found a great deal at a local hotel. You can get a membership card that gives you access to the tennis court and a swimming pool. W: That sounds nice. Maybe we could play a game there this Saturday. What do you think? 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．What does the man plan to do after graduation? A．Get a job in the city. B．Work closer to home. C．Travel to another country. 9．What is the woman’s opinion on walking overseas? A．Boring. B．Rewarding. C．Challenging. 【答案】8．A 9．B 【原文】W: What will you do when you finish college? M: Oh, I’ll probably stay in the city for work. W: I love that idea, but I prefer finding a job closer to home. I value being near family. Still, life in the big city is certainly attractive. M: Well, maybe you could find a job in a big city closer to home. On the other hand, since you like to travel, you could possibly get a job in another country. W: You’re right, I might get really bored just doing the same old thing. I’d learn a lot overseas, even pick up another language. It’s definitely something to think about. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10．Why does the man talk to the woman? A．To extend an invitation. B．To seek help with a report. C．To ask for advice. 11．Why does the woman mention about the Highwind Hotel? A．It provides excellent service. B．She had her wedding there. C．It is difficult to reserve. 12．What does the woman offer to do? A．Look at the draft. B．Reserve a venue. C．Send out emails. 【答案】10．C 11．A 12．C 【原文】M: Hi, Sarah. I’m making plans for the next business conference in the summer. What venues would you recommend? W: I think Highwind Hotel has great conference rooms and all the necessary equipment you might need. I’ve planned workshops as well as weddings there and they always do a great job. M: All right, I’ll give them a call and reserve their spaces today. W: Did you release a newsletter about it? M: No, I just want to confirm the venues first and then we’ll start sending out emails and newsletters. W: Great, let me know if you need any help about that. M: Thanks. In fact, can you take a look at a draft I’m working on? I’d like your opinion on it. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13．What is the woman doing? A．Hosting a program. B．Serving a customer. C．Doing a survey. 14．Where did the man stop over? A．In Australia. B．In India. C．In Singapore. 15．How does the man feel about the check-in services? A．It’s disorganized. B．It’s flexible. C．It’s inefficient. 16．What kind of refreshment facilities does the man suggest? A．A full-service restaurant. B．A snack bar. C．A coffee shop 【答案】13．C 14．B 15．C 16．B 【原文】W: Excuse me, sir, I wonder if you could spare a few minutes to answer some questions. M: OK, what’s it to do with? W: I’m representing the airlines which use this airport. There are plans to develop a new terminal in the future. Could I ask you first which country you’ve just flown in from? M: I’ve been down under Australia to Singapore, but I broke my journey in India and spent two nights there. W: OK, what about the check in facilities? How long did you have to spend lining up in order to check in M: Far too long? They tell you to get here at least two hours before your flight leaves. And what happens? You spend almost an hour just standing. W: What kind of refreshment facilities do you require? M: Well, it’s a lonely life travelling around, but you can usually find someone to talk to in a cafe or a restaurant. But I don’t think people want big meals when they’re flying, so I think you need something like a snack bar, certainly not a restaurant where you might have to wait ages to be served. W: Thank you very much, sir. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．What is the speaker? A．A travel agent. B．A hotel clerk. C．A restaurant worker. 18．What will the listeners do to reserve a coach? A．Buy tickets in advance. B．Book at least one day ahead. C．Fill in a form. 19．What do we know about the restaurants listed on the fact sheet? A．They are in partnership with Panorama Tours. B．They open late in the morning. C．They accept credit cards. 20．What does the speaker remind the listeners to do? A．Pay attention to bank hours. B．Use credit cards for purchases. C．Avoid shopping in the morning. 【答案】17．A 18．B 19．A 20．A 【原文】W: Good morning. My name’s Samantha and I’m here to welcome you on behalf of panorama tours. I’ve prepared a fact sheet for each of you, but before I give them out, there are just a few things I’d like to add. There are various trips organized by panorama tours which you might like to book. These are listed on your fact sheet. Payment must be made at the time of booking and in order to reserve a place on the coach, you must make a reservation with a minimum of 24 hours notice. For dining options, explore local restaurants in the town centre as the hotel only serves breakfast. At the bottom of the fact sheet, you’ll find a list of names and addresses. You can get a ten per cent discount on your meal by informing the restaurant staff that you’re with panorama tours. If you plan on shopping, shops open late in the morning, anything between ten and eleven, but stay open until late at night. However, banks close early, so be careful as changing money is best done through a bank. If you do run short of cash, most stores will accept credit cards, but there is an additional charge for the service. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Here are some wonderful high school programs abroad. Honors Spanish Language & Culture While all our programs are useful, this program is for students with the drive to grow their Spanish and cross-cultural understanding to the max! You have to take a language ability test to ensure you can speak Spanish well.You will live in a local family and go on cultural activities and short trips. Leadership & Service in Public Health In this program, you should assess the health needs of communities in Santiago and participate in field-based public health education initiatives (倡议). Alongside a local nongovernmental organization, take part in activities that encourage children and teens to form healthy habits, like healthy eating, physical activities, and enough sleep. Service in Young Cancer Patients Development You will dive into the workings of a local nongovernmental organization in Mérida. Its mission is to improve the lives of young, disadvantaged cancer patients and improve their chances of recovery. Undertake meaningful tasks that support this mission and see the effect on the community. Living with a host family, you’ll fully experience local traditions to better understand your service. Advocating (提倡) for Social Justice Develop your social justice advocacy skills! Join other students who want to make a difference! Learn about a local nongovernmental organization that provides care for special groups. Reflect on your own cultural background, identity, and social condition in your local community.Your experiences in a homestay family will encourage you to be a participant of the change that matters for now and the future. 21．What is a requirement for joining the first program? A．To be required to live independently. B．To be native speakers of Spanish. C．To pass a language ability test. D．To focus on short trips. 22．What does the program in Santiago aim to promote among children and teens? A．Physical activities only. B．The number of skills. C．Medical treatments. D．Healthy lifestyle. 23．What do the third and fourth programs have in common? A．Both focus on the health of cancer patients. B．Both involve living with a host family. C．Both are centered around social justice. D．Both require a background in social work. 【答案】21．C 22．D 23．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个不同的高中留学项目。 21．细节理解题。根据Honors Spanish Language & Culture部分的“You have to take a language ability test to ensure you can speak Spanish well.(你必须参加语言能力测试，以确保你能说一口流利的西班牙语。)”可知，要参加第一个项目需要通过语言能力测试。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据Leadership & Service in Public Health部分的“In this program, you should assess the health needs of communities in Santiago and participate in field-based public health education initiatives. Alongside a local nongovernmental organization, take part in activities that encourage children and teens to form healthy habits, like healthy eating, physical activities, and enough sleep.(在这个项目中，你应该评估圣地亚哥社区的卫生需求，并参与基于实地的公共卫生教育倡议。与当地非政府组织一起，参加鼓励儿童和青少年养成健康习惯的活动，如健康饮食、体育活动和充足的睡眠。) ”可知，圣地亚哥的这个计划的目的是在儿童和青少年中推广健康的生活方式。。故选D。 23．细节理解题。根据Service in Young Cancer Patients Development部分的“Living with a host family, you’ll fully experience local traditions to better understand your service.(与寄宿家庭住在一起，你将充分体验当地的传统，更好地了解你的服务。)”和Advocating for Social Justice部分的“Your experiences in a homestay family will encourage you to be a participant of the change that matters for now and the future.(你在寄宿家庭的经历将鼓励你成为改变的参与者，这对现在和未来都很重要。)”可知，第三和第四个项目的共同之处在于学生都需要住在寄宿家庭。故选B。 B 27-year-old Alexandra Knox, from Newcastle, moved in with Florence Smith after starting a master’s degree. Having quite possibly the largest age gap (差距) of any housemates in the UK, the pair say they hit it off and have a great time living together. They watch afternoon TV together, chat over a cup of tea, and do some of the cleaning together — “It’s no different from living with university students,” said Alexandra. Florence has lived in the London home for over 50 years. Having retired from her job at the age of 70, and with her family living far away, she was left on her own. To avoid feeling lonely, she signed up for house sharing with Homeshare, the charity which paired her with Alexandra. “Sharing your home is a great idea. Loneliness is horrible. Having someone else in the home makes a big difference. You don’t have to worry about falling over or hurting yourself. And more importantly, it’s lovely to have somebody to talk to during the day,” Florence said. Florence added, “I was already 67 years old when my housemate was born, and when I told my friends about it, they thought it was strange. But the more they find out about it, the more they think it’s a very good idea.” Alexandra said she was originally frightened by the idea of moving to London and living with an older person, but she thinks it has made her experience in the capital much better and has been a great way to cover sky-high rental costs. “It just didn’t seem like the normal thing to do, living with an older person,” she explained. “But now it’s like being with an old family friend. It gives me somewhere homely to come back to in the evening, which is great.” 24．What does the underlined part “hit it off ” in the first paragraph probably mean? A．Have quarrels. B．Get along well. C．Be bored. D．Get used to new environments. 25．Why does Florence share her flat? A．To support students. B．To cut down on living costs. C．To get someone to do housework. D．To have someone’s company. 26．What is Florence’s friends attitude to the housemates — Florence and Alexandra? A．Unclear. B．Disapproved. C．Favorable. D．Doubtful. 27．What was Alexandra afraid of at first? A．The study pressure of her master’s degree. B．Living with an old woman in London. C．The high rental costs in London. D．Being away from her family. 【答案】24．B 25．D 26．C 27．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了27岁的Alexandra Knox和年长的Florence Smith同住一屋的故事。 24．词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“They watch afternoon TV together, chat over a cup of tea, and do some of the cleaning together”（一起看电视、喝茶、做清洁）可知，这对室友相处得很好，一起看电视、喝茶、做清洁。由此推知，划线部分“hit it off”意为“相处得好”。故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To avoid feeling lonely, she signed up for house sharing with Homeshare, the charity which paired her with Alexandra”（为了避免感到孤独，她与慈善机构Homeshare签订了合租合同，该机构为她和亚历山德拉配对）可知，Florence选择与人合住是为了避免孤独。故选D。 26．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“when I told my friends about it, they thought it was strange. But the more they find out about it, the more they think it’s a very good idea”（当我把这件事告诉我的朋友们时，他们觉得很奇怪。但他们了解得越多，就越觉得这是个好主意）可知，Florence的朋友们一开始觉得这种安排很奇怪，但后来认为这是个好主意。由此推测，他们对这种室友关系持支持态度。故选C。 27．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Alexandra said she was originally frightened by the idea of moving to London and living with an older person”（亚历山德拉说，她一开始对搬到伦敦和一个老人住在一起的想法感到害怕）可知，Alexandra一开始害怕与一位年长的女性在伦敦同住。故选B。 C Doctors have transplanted a pig kidney (肾) into a 62-year-oldman living with end-stage kidney disease. The patient Richard Slayman, was recovering well and was expected to be discharged from the hospital within days. Strictly speaking, this isn’t the first ever pig-to-human kidney transplant. The procedure has been performed five times in the past, all in people who were declared brain-dead and kept on life support. The most recent of those took place in July 2023 by Robert Montgomery at NYU Langone Health and his workmates. However, Slayman’s operation is the first time that a pig kidney has been transplanted into a living human. Thanks to the efforts by thousands of scientists and physicians over several decades the operation is a great success, which makes it a significant milestone in the field of the transfer of animal organs to humans. Slayman has type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure and kidney disease. He had previously received a human kidney from a donor in December 2018. However, the organs showed signs of failure about five years later. He started dialysis (透析) in May last year, but experienced complications, requiring visits to the hospital every two weeks. The organ was provided by a company called e Genesis, which raises pigs genetically engineered to carry certain human genes and to lack a particular set of pig genes that are harmful to humans. These genetic changes reduce the possibility of transplant rejection, when the immune system attacks the organ and causes it to fail. Slayman is also receiving a cocktail of immune-suppressing drugs to further lower the risk. So far, there is no sign of rejection and Slayman is able to walk on his own. More than 100,000 people in the US are waiting for an organ transplant, 17 of whom die each day. The US Food and Drug Administration authorized the experimental transplant for Slayman due to a lack of other treatment choices. “Our hope is that this transplant approach will offer a lifeline to millions of patients worldwide who are suffering from kidney failure.” said Tatsuo Kawai at Massachusetts General Hospital in a statement. 28．Why is the pig kidney transplant considered a milestone? A．No animal-to-human organ transplant has been done before. B．It is the result of many scientists and physicians’ joint efforts. C．It is the first successful pig kidney transplant into a human. D．It has been performed in people who are declared brain-dead. 29．What can we know from the passage? A．Slayman has received kidney transplant only once. B．Pigs used for transplant carry no human genes. C．Many people in need of organ transplant. D．Slayman needn’t take any drugs after the transplant. 30．What is Tatsuo Kawai’s attitude towards pig kidney transplant? A．Optimistic. B．Doubtful. C．Critical D．Uninterested 31．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Why is Kidney Transplant Important B．Human Receives Pig Kidney C．The Future of Kidney Transplant D．A Milestone in Human History 【答案】28．C 29．C 30．A 31．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国第一例猪肾移植取得成功，被认为是一个里程碑。文章介绍此次移植的一些背景知识。 28．细节理解题。根据第二段“Strictly speaking, this isn’t the first ever pig-to-human kidney transplant. The procedure has been performed five times in the past, all in people who were declared brain-dead and kept on life support. (严格来说，这并不是首例猪到人的肾脏移植手术。这种手术在过去已经进行了五次，所有的病人都被宣布脑死亡，并继续维持生命)”以及“Thanks to the efforts by thousands of scientists and physicians over several decades the operation is a great success, which makes it a significant milestone in the field of the transfer of animal organs to humans.(经过数千名科学家和医生几十年的努力，这次手术取得了巨大成功，成为动物器官移植领域的一个重要里程碑)”可知，猪肾移植被认为是一个里程碑因为这是第一次成功的猪肾移植到人身上。故选C。 29．细节理解题。根据第一段“More than 100,000 people in the US are waiting for an organ transplant, 17 of whom die each day.(美国有超过10万人在等待器官移植，其中每天有17人死亡)”可知，许多人需要器官移植。故选C。 30．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Our hope is that this transplant approach will offer a lifeline to millions of patients worldwide who are suffering from kidney failure.” said Tatsuo Kawai at Massachusetts General Hospital in a statement.(“我们希望这种移植方法将为全世界数百万患有肾衰竭的患者提供一条生命线。”马萨诸塞州总医院的Tatsuo Kawai在一份声明中说)”可知，Tatsuo Kawai对猪肾移植的态度是乐观。故选A。 31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Doctors have transplanted a pig kidney (肾) into a 62-year-oldman living with end-stage kidney disease. The patient Richard Slayman, was recovering well and was expected to be discharged from the hospital within days.(医生将猪肾脏移植到一名62岁的终末期肾病患者体内。病人理查德·斯雷曼恢复良好，预计几天内就能出院)”结合文章主要说明了美国第一例猪肾移植取得成功，被认为是一个里程碑。文章介绍此次移植的一些背景知识。可知，B选项“人接受猪肾”最符合文章标题。故选B。 D A new training plan could remind artificial intelligence (AI) programs that they aren’t know-it-alls. AI programs that run robots, self-driving cars and other autonomous machines often train in simulated (模拟) environments before making real-world running. But situations that an AI doesn’t meet with in virtual reality can become blind spots in its real-life decision making. For example, a delivery bot trained in a virtual city with no emergency vehicles may not know that it should stop before entering a crosswalk if it hears sirens (警报). To create machines that move carefully rather than take a risk, computer scientist Ramya Ramakrishnan of MIT and her team developed a post-simulation training program in which a human character helps the AI identify gaps in its education. “This allows the AI to safely act in the real world,” says Ramakrishnan. Engineers could also use information on AI blind spots to design better simulations in the future. During its testing period, the AI takes note of environmental factors influencing the human’s actions that it does not recognize from its simulation. When the human does something the AI doesn’t expect — like hesitating to enter a crosswalk despite having the right-of-way — the AI checks its surroundings (环境) for previously unknown factors, such as sirens. If the AI recognizes any of these features, it thinks the human is following some safety rule it didn’t learn in the virtual world and that it should follow the human’s action in these types of situations. Ramakrishnan’s team have tested this setup by first training AI programs in simplistic simulations and then letting them learn their blind spots from human characters in more realistic but still virtual world. The researchers now need to test the system in the real world. 32．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about AI programs? A．Their applications. B．Their problems. C．Their advantages. D．Their changes. 33．Why does the human character join in the test? A．To ensure the safety of the team. B．To study why AI learns quickly. C．To help AI recognize its weakness. D．To see how AI affects his action. 34．What will Ramakrishnan’s team do in the next stage? A．Carry out the test in real conditions. B．Design better simulation at home. C．Copy the style of the human walk. D．Follow safety rules on the road. 35．What can we infer about the post-simulation training program? A．It cuts the cost of the training. B．It will badly influence the city. C．It has attracted many volunteers. D．It may benefit self-driving cars. 【答案】32．B 33．C 34．A 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家Ramya Ramakrishnan和她的团队开发了一种新的训练项目，旨在帮助人工智能识别其在模拟训练中的盲点，从而在现实世界中做出更谨慎的决策。该项目通过人类角色的介入，让人工智能在模拟后环境中学习之前未遇到的情况。 32．主旨大意题。根据第二段“AI programs that run robots, self-driving cars and other autonomous machines often train in simulated (模拟) environments before making real-world running. But situations that an AI doesn’t meet with in virtual reality can become blind spots in its real-life decision making. For example, a delivery bot trained in a virtual city with no emergency vehicles may not know that it should stop before entering a crosswalk if it hears sirens (警报). (运行机器人、自动驾驶汽车和其他自动机器的人工智能程序通常在模拟环境中进行训练，然后才能在现实世界中运行。但是，人工智能在虚拟现实中没有遇到的情况可能会成为其现实生活决策中的盲点。例如，在一个没有紧急车辆的虚拟城市中训练的送货机器人，如果听到警笛，可能不知道在进入人行横道之前应该停下来)”可知，本段主要介绍了人工智能项目存在的在现实中可能面临决策盲点的问题。故选B项。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“To create machines that move carefully rather than take a risk, computer scientist Ramya Ramakrishnan of MIT and her team developed a post-simulation training program in which a human character helps the AI identify gaps in its education. (为了创造出行动谨慎而不是冒险的机器，麻省理工学院的计算机科学家Ramya Ramakrishnan和她的团队开发了一个模拟后训练项目，在这个项目中，人类角色帮助人工智能识别其教育中的差距)”可知，人类角色加入测试是为了帮助人工智能认识到它的弱点。故选C项。 34．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The researchers now need to test the system in the real world. (研究人员现在需要在现实世界中测试该系统)”可知，下一阶段Ramakrishnan的团队将在真实条件下进行测试。故选A项。 35．推理判断题。根据第四段中“When the human does something the AI doesn’t expect — like hesitating to enter a crosswalk despite having the right-of-way — the AI checks its surroundings (环境) for previously unknown factors, such as sirens. If the AI recognizes any of these features, it thinks the human is following some safety rule it didn’t learn in the virtual world and that it should follow the human’s action in these types of situations. (当人类做了人工智能意想不到的事情——比如尽管拥有先行权，但在进入人行横道时犹豫不决——人工智能就会检查周围的环境，寻找之前未知的因素，比如警笛。如果人工智能识别出这些特征中的任何一个，它就会认为人类遵循了一些它在虚拟世界中没有学到的安全规则，在这种情况下，它应该遵循人类的行动)”可知，该培训项目可以训练人工智能发现未知的因素，意识到真实世界中的交通安全规则，遵循人类正确的行动。由此推知，该项目可能有利于自动驾驶汽车，提升其安全性。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Reduce Stress Everyone experiences stress. Stress is a normal part of life, but too much stress can create health problems. 36 . Whether you are busy studying or working, you need to make sure you have time to relax. 37 . First, find a quiet place and sit up straight. Then, close your eyes, clear your mind, and pay attention to your breathing. This practice of meditation will make you feel relaxed and happier. It will also help you sleep better at night. Studies show that sleep is very important because that is when your body repairs itself. In addition, being tired can make your stress worse. Another way to relax is to listen to music. Music is a very powerful tool. 38 . Listening to fast, lively music can make you feel happy, which will then help you relax and reduce your stress. Some people find that singing along to songs helps take their minds off whatever is giving them stress. If your stress is worrying you, it is best to meet with a friend and talk it out. When you discuss your feelings and problems with someone, you will automatically feel better. At times when you don’t feel like talking, you can write instead. 39 . Remember that stress is a part of life and that you cannot completely get rid of it. 40 . Make time for yourself and try the above suggestions in order to feel relaxed and stay happy and healthy. A．Listening to slow and quiet music can relax your mind. B．Meditation is the best way for young people to keep healthy. C．One of the best ways to relax and reduce stress is to meditate. D．That being said, you need to reduce stress as much as you can. E．Many people like traditional music to help them reduce their stress. F．Many people find it helpful to keep a journal and record their feelings. G．People who are stressed can suffer from headaches, depression, and even heart problems. 【答案】36．G 37．C 38．A 39．F 40．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述减少压力的几种方法。 36．空前“Stress is a normal part of life, but too much stress can create health problems.(压力是生活中正常的一部分，但是压力太大会造成健康问题。)”说明压力太大会造成健康问题，空格处应该说会造成哪些健康问题，G选项“People who are stressed can suffer from headaches, depression, and even heart problems(压力大的人可能会头痛、抑郁，甚至心脏问题)”说明了压力太大会造成的具体的健康问题，承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 37．空后“First, find a quiet place and sit up straight. Then, close your eyes, clear your mind, and pay attention to your breathing. This practice of meditation will make you feel relaxed and happier.(首先，找一个安静的地方，坐直身体。然后，闭上眼睛，清空思绪，注意你的呼吸。这种冥想练习会让你感到放松和快乐。)”介绍的是冥想这种方法，C选项“One of the best ways to relax and reduce stress is to meditate(放松和减轻压力的最好方法之一就是冥想)”说明冥想是一种好方法，引起下文，符合语境，故选C。 38．空前“Music is a very powerful tool.(音乐是一个非常强大的工具。)”说明了音乐是强大的工具，空格处应该说音乐的好处，A选项“Listening to slow and quiet music can relax your mind(听慢而安静的音乐可以放松你的大脑)”说明听慢而安静的音乐可以放松你的大脑，是听音乐的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。 39．空前“At times when you don’t feel like talking, you can write instead.(当你不想说话的时候，你可以用写作来代替。)”说明了当你不想说的时候，你可以写，空格处是和“写”有关的，F选项“Many people find it helpful to keep a journal and record their feelings(许多人发现写日记和记录自己的感受很有帮助)”中的“写日记和记录自己的感受”是和“写”有关的，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 40．空前“Remember that stress is a part of life and that you cannot completely get rid of it.(记住，压力是生活的一部分，你不可能完全摆脱它。)”说明了压力是不可能完全摆脱的，空后“Make time for yourself and try the above suggestions in order to feel relaxed and stay happy and healthy.(给自己留点时间，试试上面的建议，让自己放松下来，保持快乐和健康。)”说明了要让自己放松，空格处应该和减少压力有关，D选项“That being said, you need to reduce stress as much as you can(话虽如此，你需要尽可能地减少压力)”说明了要尽可能减少压力，承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Nathan was a boy in my band class as well as in my math class. I never really liked him. He didn’t have any friends at all and always sat 41 at the lunch table listening to music with his phone. People just walked past him without 42 . In class, whenever he was asked a question, he would take a long time to answer it, which made the whole class get 43 . Whenever he got an answer 44 , the whole class would 45 . One day, when I walked into band class and was 46 to play my flute (长笛), Mr. Kohler began the class. After we had played 47 for a little while, Mr. Kohler asked the class, “Who can tell what 48 it is just by hearing the pitch (音高) ?” Nobody raised their hands except Nathan. When I saw him, I laughed and thought he couldn’t do anything 49 . How could he possibly guess the note when the pitch was played? Even Mr. Kobler laughed a little and then told Nathan “Come here, buddy.” Nathan 50 and went to the front of the class. Mr. Kohler had a tuner (校音器). He played a pitch and asked Nathan to 51 it. Nathan said, “E flat.” Mr. Kohler said, “OK. Good.” He played another pitch. “F sharp,” Nathan said. The whole class went 52 . Mr. Kohler 53 Nathan by playing two pitches together. “C and B flat,” Nathan said. “Good job, go back to your seat.” he said. Then I got surprised. Nathan had guessed all the pitches 54 . That day I realized I shouldn’t judge people 55 little things I saw and that I needed to see the great things people can do. 41．A．alone B．lazily C．happily D．hopelessly 42．A．listening B．caring C．praising D．sharing 43．A．satisfied B．excited C．confused D．annoyed 44．A．wrong B．long C．brief D．puzzling 45．A．applaud B．laugh C．ignore D．help 46．A．nervous B．afraid C．ready D．free 47．A．movies B．jokes C．games D．music 48．A．note B．beat C．tune D．song 49．A．bravely B．carefully C．properly D．independently 50．A．came B．rose C．jumped D．sat 51．A．repeat B．guess C．play D．sing 52．A．crazy B．noisy C．silent D．blank 53．A．tricked B．bothered C．encouraged D．challenged 54．A．correctly B．luckily C．seriously D．confidently 55．A．related to B．leading to C．based on D．deciding on 【答案】 41．A 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．B 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．C 50．B 51．B 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是不受作者和同学待见的Nathan却能正确回答老师的问题。作者由此明白了不能仅仅凭一些小事来判断一个人，而应看到他人的优秀之处。 41．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他没有任何朋友，总是一个人坐在午餐桌旁，用手机听音乐。A. alone独自；B. lazily懒惰地；C. happily开心地；D. hopelessly没希望地。根据上文“He didn’t have any friends at all”可知，Nathan没有什么朋友，总是独自一个人。故选A。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们从他身边走过，毫不在意。A. listening听；B. caring关心，在意；C. praising表扬；D. sharing分享。根据上文“He didn’t have any friends at all”可知，Nathan没有什么朋友，所以也没有人在意他。故选B。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在课堂上，每当被提问时，他总是要花很长时间才能回答出来，这让全班都很恼火。A. satisfied满足的；B. excited激动的；C. confused困惑的；D. annoyed心烦的，恼火的。根据上文“he would take a long time to answer it”可知，Nathan要很长时间才能回答出来问题，耽误时间，这让全班人都很恼火。故选D。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当他答错了，全班就笑。A. wrong错误的；B. long长的；C. brief简洁的；D. puzzling令人困惑的。根据上文“he would take a long time to answer it”可推知，Nathan可能会把问题回答错误。故选A。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当他答错了，全班就笑。A. applaud鼓掌；B. laugh笑；C. ignore忽视；D. help帮助。根据上文“Whenever he got an answer 4 ”可知，Nathan问题回答错误时，全班都会大笑。故选B。 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我走进乐队教室，准备吹笛子时，Mr. Kohler开始上课了。A. nervous紧张的；B. afraid害怕的；C. ready准备好的；D. free空闲的。根据上文“when I walked into band class”可知，作者走进教室，准备吹笛子。故选C。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们演奏了一小段音乐后，Mr. Kohler问全班同学：“谁能通过听音高分辨出这是哪个音符？”A. movies电影；B. jokes玩笑；C. games比赛，游戏；D. music音乐。根据上文“to play my flute”可知，音乐课上是演奏音乐。故选D。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们演奏了一小段音乐后，Mr. Kohler问全班同学：“谁能通过听音高分辨出这是哪个音符？”A. note音符；B. beat节奏；C. tune曲调；D. song歌曲。根据下文“just by hearing the pitch”可知，老师问全班同学谁能通过听音高来分辨出音符。故选A。 49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我看到他时，我笑了，觉得他什么都做不好。A. bravely勇敢地；B. carefully仔细地；C. properly正确地；D. independently独立地。根据第一段“whenever he was asked a question, he would take a long time to answer it”可知，作者认为Nathan回答不好问题，什么都做不对。故选C。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nathan站起来，走到教室前面。A. came来；B. rose上升，起身；C. jumped跳；D. sat坐。根据前文“Come here, buddy.”可知，听到老师的邀请，Nathan站起来走到前面。故选B。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他演奏了一个音高，让Nathan猜。A. repeat重复；B. guess猜测；C. play玩耍；D. sing唱歌。根据上文“How could he possibly guess the note when the pitch was played”可知，此处是老师让Nathan猜测音高。故选B。 52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：全班鸦雀无声。A. crazy疯狂的；B. noisy吵闹的；C. silent寂静的；D. blank空白的。根据文章第一段大家对于Nathan的看法及上文“Nathan said, “E flat.” Mr. Kohler said, “OK. Good.” He played another pitch. “F sharp,” Nathan said”可知，此处大家不敢相信Nathan居然能猜出正确的音符，所以是寂静无声的。故选C。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Kohler向Nathan挑战，一起猜测演奏的两个音高。A. tricked戏弄；B. bothered麻烦；C. encouraged鼓励；D. challenged挑战。根据下文“Nathan by playing two pitches together”可知，老师又继续挑战Nathan，让他两个音符一起猜测。故选D。 54．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Nathan猜对了所有的音高。A. correctly正确地；B. luckily幸运地；C. seriously认真地、严肃地；D. confidently自信地。根据前文““C and B flat,” Nathan said. “Good job, go back to your seat.” he said”可知，作者惊讶的是Nathan所有的音都猜对了。故选A。 55．考查动词短语辨析。句意：那一天，我意识到我不应该根据我看到的小事来判断一个人，我需要看到人们能做的了不起的事情。A. related to与……相关；B. leading to导致；C. based on根据；D. deciding on决定。根据上文“judge people”和下文“little things I saw”可知，作者意识到不能根据小事来判断一个人。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Morals and virtues are like a compass (指南针) 56 guides us in making good choices and doing the right thing. Morals are about knowing the difference between right and wrong, while virtues are good qualities or habits we should have. When we face a moral dilemma, it’s 57 (challenge) to determine the right action to take. In these times, we can rely on our morals to help us choose 58 (wise). For example, being kind, honest, and fair are important moral values that can guide our actions. Virtues, such as 59 (patient), courage, and generosity, help us become better people. They are like strengths we can develop 60 (face) challenges and treat others with respect. When we show virtues in our daily lives, we inspire those around us to do the same. In relationships like marriage or friendships, morals and virtues play 61 important role. Respect, trust, and loyalty are virtues that build strong connections and foster harmony. When 62 (conflict) arise, relying on moral principles and virtues can help us resolve differences peacefully. It’s also important to pass on these values to the next generation. Teaching children about morals and virtues from a young age 63 (set) a strong foundation for their character development. By practicing kindness, honesty, and empathy, we can create a more compassionate and understanding society. Morals and virtues are essential tools for navigating (导航) life’s challenges and 64 (create) a better world for ourselves and others. With good values, we can build stronger relationships, make wiser choices, and contribute positively 65 our communities. 【答案】 56．that/which 57．challenging 58．wisely 59．patience 60．to face 61．an 62．conflicts 63．sets 64．creating 65．to 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了道德和美德在我们生活中发挥的作用。 56．考查定语从句。句意：道德和美德就像指南针，指引我们做出正确的选择和做正确的事。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“compass”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用“that”或“which”引导从句。故填that/which。 57．考查形容词。句意：当我们面临道德困境时，确定正确的行动是具有挑战性的。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词作表语，“it”代指“to determine the right action to take”这件事，故应用“challenging”，意为“具有挑战性的”，形容词词性，修饰事物。故填challenging。 58．考查副词。句意：在这个时代，我们可以依靠我们的道德来帮助我们做出明智的选择。分析句子可知，“choose”为动词，空格处应用副词作状语，“wisely”意为“明智地”，副词词性。故填wisely。 59．考查名词。句意：耐心、勇气和慷慨等美德帮助我们成为更好的人。分析句子可知，“such as”为介词短语，空格处应用名词作宾语，“patience”意为“耐心”，为不可数名词。故填patience。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们就像我们可以发展的优势，以应对挑战并尊重他人。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“can develop”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，发展优势的目的是应对挑战，句中应用不定式“to face”作目的状语。故填to face。 61．考查冠词。句意：在婚姻或友谊等关系中，道德和美德起着重要作用。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“play an important role”，意为“起着重要作用”，故空格处应用不定冠词“an”。故填an。 62．考查名词。句意：当冲突发生时，依靠道德原则和美德可以帮助我们和平解决分歧。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词作主语，“arise”为动词原形，故应用“conflict”的复数形式“conflicts”。故填conflicts。 63．考查时态。句意：从小教孩子们道德和美德，为他们的性格发展奠定了坚实的基础。分析句子可知，句中陈述的是客观事实，为一般现在时，“Teaching children about morals and virtues from a young age”为动名词短语作主语，故应用“set”的三单形式“sets”。故填sets。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：道德和美德是应对生活挑战、为自己和他人创造更美好世界的重要工具。分析句子可知，“for”为介词，后接动名词作宾语，“create”的动名词形式为“creating”。故填creating。 65．考查固定短语。句意：有了良好的价值观，我们可以建立更牢固的关系，做出更明智的选择，并为我们的社区做出积极的贡献。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“contribute to”，意为“贡献于，有助于”，故空格处应用介词“to”。故填to。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．假如你是李华，你校将举办以“Technology Changes Life”为题的英语演讲比赛，请你根据以下要点写一篇发言稿参赛。 要点：1. 探讨科技对生活的影响（两点）； 2. 你对科技所持有的态度。 注意：1. 字数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Technology Changes Life Good morning, everyone! _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Technology Changes Life Good morning, everyone! I’m thrilled to be here today to discuss how technology has profoundly shaped our lives. Technology has become an indispensable part of our daily lives. It has revolutionized communication, allowing us to stay connected with friends and family by means of video chats, emails, or social media. Moreover, technology has transformed the way we learn. We can access vast amounts of information as long as the Internet is available. Online courses have made learning more accessible and engaging. From my perspective, while technology brings convenience and efficiency, it may also pose problems, such as a rise in unemployment, an increased risk of personal information disclosure, etc. As technology continues to advance, it is essential for us to adapt and use it wisely to ensure a positive impact on society. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校将举办以“Technology Changes Life”为题的英语演讲比赛，要求考生按照要求写一篇发言稿参赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：thrilled→ exalted 极大地：profoundly→ enormously 必不可少的：indispensable→ essential 允许：allow→ permit 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It has revolutionized communication, allowing us to stay connected with friends and family by means of video chats, emails, or social media. 拓展句：It has revolutionized communication, which allows us to stay connected with friends and family by means of video chats, emails, or social media. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m thrilled to be here today to discuss how technology has profoundly shaped our lives.（运用了how引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】It has revolutionized communication, allowing us to stay connected with friends and family by means of video chats, emails, or social media.（运用了现在分词allowing作状语、不定式to stay作宾补） 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 I was brought up in a really strict Catholic (天主教的) family. It was just expected that we would go to church every Sunday and that we would “keep the faith Catholicism” as my parents received it. I never bothered to oppose religion as many of my friends did. For some reason I couldn’t quite express myself to my parent’s disappointment. My parents and I never really saw eye to eye about anything. When I was younger it was just the simple thing—the length of my skirt, how I chose to wear my hair or the movies I wanted to watch. But as I got older I found that there was a lot more that we didn’t agree on—my choice of friends, what I wanted to study at university, or how I chose to spend my weekends. I left home at 17 to study at a university in another city. Moving away from home totally broadened my outlook on the world and changed my opinion on lots of issues. Over the past two years I’ve met the most amazing people with the most extraordinarily diverse experiences. My circle of friends includes people with different religions, beliefs, values, cultures and different ways of approaching life. I’ve learnt to question what I’ve been taught and disagree just because that is what “everybody else” thinks. The first couple of times I went home to visit my parents I found it really hard to succeed in dealing with being able to express my opinions as freely as I did when I was away from home. My mum didn’t necessarily agree with my upfront attitude to life. While I was always out there trying to get people to take me and my beliefs and opinions seriously, her attitude was “why fight it?...why not go with the fashion?” It was really annoying. I used to get really upset, for my parents didn’t agree with what I was doing. How did Ideal with the situation? 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Gradually I understood some keywords: communicate with parents as often as possible. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next keywords were to respect with each other. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1： Gradually I understood some keywords: communicate with parents as often as possible. This realization dawned on me as I began to see the bridges of understanding that frequent conversations built between us. Each call, every shared meal where we talked openly, and even those casual text messages throughout the day, all contributed to a stronger bond. I learned that by sharing my thoughts, fears, and achievements, I wasn’t just seeking validation but also creating a safe space for my parents to do the same. Our conversations became more meaningful, revealing layers of each other’s lives that we might have otherwise missed. The frequency of our communication, I realized, was the key to nurturing a relationship that transcended time and distance. Paragraph 2: The next keywords were to respect with each other. This principle resonated deeply, reminding me that the foundation of any healthy relationship, including that with my parents, rested on mutual respect. It meant listening attentively to their opinions, even if I disagreed, and acknowledging their experiences and perspectives. I started to make an effort to understand their decisions, even if they seemed outdated or unreasonable to me. In return, I expected the same level of respect from them, asking for their understanding when I made choices that differed from theirs. We learned to disagree without being disagreeable, finding common ground amidst our differences. This mutual respect fostered an environment where we could grow together, supporting each other’s aspirations and dreams, even as we navigated the complexities of life. 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了在严格天主教家庭长大的作者在离家求学后，视野和观念发生显著变化的故事。作者最初在家庭中受到严格的宗教和传统观念的影响，但随着离家上大学，接触到各种背景和价值观的人，开始质疑并重新思考自己所学和所信。然而，在回家探望父母时，作者发现自己在表达个人意见时遇到了困难，因为父母的观念仍然停留在传统和保守上，这让她感到困扰和沮丧。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“渐渐地，我明白了一些关键词：尽可能多地与父母沟通。”可知，第一段可描写作者与父母沟通的方式以及这样做的意义。 ②由第二段首句内容“下一个关键词是相互尊重。”可知，第二段可描写如何做到相互尊重。 2.续写线索：交流方式——交流意义——如何做到相互尊重——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 意识到：realize/be aware of 有利于：contribute to/be conductive to 期待：expect/anticipate 情绪类 有意义的：meaningful/significant 全神贯注地：attentively/absorbedly 【点睛】[高分句型1] I learned that by sharing my thoughts, fears, and achievements, I wasn’t just seeking validation but also creating a safe space for my parents to do the same.（运用了that引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] I started to make an effort to understand their decisions, even if they seemed outdated or unreasonable to me.（运用了even if引导让步状语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$