暑假作业01 一般过去时-【暑假分层作业】2025年七年级英语暑假培优练（外研版2024）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业01 一般过去时 一般现在时的用法： 用法 例句 时间状语 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常性的动作。 I was in Grade Six last year. (表示过去的状态) I watched TV last night. (表示过去发生的动作) yesterday, the day before yesterday(前天), in 1992, last year, three days ago, just now（刚才）,in the past（在过去）等 一般现在时的谓语结构： 动词类型 句型结构 例句 实义（行为）动词 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他 He played football yesterday. Tom studied in England two years ago. 否定句：主语+did not/didn’t +动词原形+其他 They didn’t eat carrots. Tom didn’t like sports when he was young 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他? Did they drink milk? 回答：Yes, they did. No, they didn’t. Did Tom have lunch just now?回答：Yes, he did. No, he didn’t. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+动词过去式+其他? 疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他? Who helped you? Where did she go? be动词 肯定句：主语+was/were+其他 I was a student in 2020. She was busy an hour ago. We were in Shanghai last month. 否定句：主语+ was/were +not+其他 We were not (weren’t) at school yesterday. He was not (wasn’t) busy last Friday. 一般疑问句；Was/Were +主语+其他？ Was he at home just now? _Were you late for school yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+其他？ Where were they two days ago? Who was absent yesterday? 动词过去式的构成 规则变化： 规则 例子 直接在动词词尾加-ed ask-asked look-looked work-worked 以字母e结尾的动词,直接在词尾加-d live-lived move- moved save-saved 以辅音字母+-y结尾的动词，变y为i,再加ed 以元音字母+-y结尾的动词，直接加ed try-tried study-studied cry-cried play-played enjoy-enjoyed stay-stayed 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop-stopped plan-planned prefer-preferred 不规则变化： 规则 例子 过去式和原形一样 let-let put-put cut-cut i变a swim-swam sing- sang begin-began 中间去e末尾加t feel-felt keep-kept sleep-slept sweep(打扫)-swept i变o ride-rode drive-drove write-wrote ow/aw变ew know-knew grow-grew draw-drew d结尾的，d变t build-built lend(借出)-lent send-sent 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．She ________ a sandwich for breakfast this morning. A．have B．has C．had D．is having 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她今天早上吃了一个三明治当作早餐。 考查时态。根据“this morning”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选C。 2．—How delicious the cake is! —Thanks. My mother ________ it last night. A．makes B．making C．made D．make 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这蛋糕真好吃！ ——谢谢。我妈妈昨晚做的。 考查动词时态。根据“last night”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式made。故选C。 3．Smoke signals ________ messages by ancient Chinese soldiers. A．used to send B．were used to send C．were used to sending D．used to sending 【答案】B 【详解】句意：烽火信号被古代中国士兵用来传递信息。 考查动词短语辨析。used to send过去常常传递；were used to send被用来传递；were used to sending习惯于传递；used to sending表述错误。smoke signals和send之间是被传递的关系，需用被动语态。故选B。 4．His dog ________ last week and his ________ made him very sad. A．died; die B．death; died C．died; death D．dead; death 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他的宠物狗上周死了，狗的死让他非常难过。 考查一般过去时以及名词用法。died死，过去式或过去分词；die原形；death死亡，名词；dead死去的，形容词。根据“His pet dog…last week”可知，此处指他的宠物狗上周死了，句子时态为一般过去时，第一个空应用动词的过去式died；根据“the…of the dog”可知，此处指“狗的死”，第二个空应用名词death。故选C。 5．—How did you get to school yesterday? —I ________ my bike to school. A．rode B．ride C．rides D．riding 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你昨天怎么去学校的？——我骑自行车去的。 考查时态。根据“How did you get to school yesterday?”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式rode。故选A。 6．The teacher ________ to the students about the activity yesterday. A．talks B．talked C．talking D．to talk 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师昨天向学生们讲解了这次活动。 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知，句子需用一般过去时态，谓语动词用过去式。故选B。 7．—Where did you go last Sunday? —I ________ to the community center with my friends. A．go B．goes C．went D．going 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你上周日去哪里了？——我和朋友们去了社区中心。 考查动词时态。go去，动词原形；goes去，第三人称单数形式；went去，动词过去式；going去，现在分词形式。根据“last Sunday”可知，对话的时态为一般过去时，答句的谓语动词也要用过去式。故选C。 8．Last weekend, Kangkang ________ a volunteer activity to clean up the park. A．join B．joins C．joined D．joining 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周末，康康参加了清洁公园的志愿者活动。 考查一般过去时。join参加，动词原形；joins参加，动词三单，一般现在时；joined参加，一般过去时；joining参加，动名词。根据“Last weekend”可知，应为一般过去时。故选C。 9．They ________ the tent quickly before the rain came. A．put up B．putted up C．putting up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们在下雨之前迅速搭起了帐篷。 考查动词时态。根据“the tent quickly before the rain came”可知，该句时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，put up“搭起”，put的过去式为put。故选A。 10．Xiao Mei ________ loudly when she saw the broken tent. A．cryed B．cried C．crys 【答案】B 【详解】句意：肖梅看到破了的帐篷时，她大声哭了起来。 考查时态。根据“when she saw the broken tent.”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，其构成为主语+动词过去式，故排除C；cry的过去式为cried。故选B。 11．We ________ a map and found our way back last night. A．use B．uses C．used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨晚我们用地图找到了回去的路。 考查动词时态。根据“and found our way back last night.”可知，该句是一般过去时，and前后的动词形式需一致，填过去式。故选C。 12．Yesterday I _________ basketball with my classmates. We had a good time! A．will play B．play C．played D．plays 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天我和我的同学打篮球。我们玩得很开心！ 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“Yesterday”可知，此处应该用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选C。 13．—When ________ the earthquake (地震) happen in the city? —Last week. I was asleep all night and didn’t realize that. A．was B．did C．were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——城市里地震是什么时候发生的？——上周。我整晚都在睡觉，没有意识到。 考查助动词的用法。根据“When...the earthquake (地震) happen in the city?”可知，这是一个特殊疑问句，句中谓语动词为实义动词“happen”，所以空处缺少助动词，句子的时态为一般过去时，助动词用did。故选B。 14．There ________ two foreign teachers in our school last year. A．are B．was C．were 【答案】C 【详解】句意：去年我们学校有两位外教。 考查主谓一致和时态。根据“last year”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，主语“two foreign teachers”为复数，此处be动词用were。故选C。 15．My grandfather ________ at a hospital in his home town in 1986. A．works B．will work C．is working D．worked 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的祖父1986年在他家乡的一家医院工作。 考查时态辨析。根据“in 1986”这一过去时间状语，可知句子时态为一般过去时，要用worked。故选D。 二、单词拼写 16．After checking all the things, we (set) off for the airport. 【答案】set 【详解】句意：检查完所有的东西后，我们动身去机场。根据“After checking all the things,”可知，句子时态宜用一般过去时，set符合句意，故填set。 17．Mom (prepare) sandwiches and fruit for the trip last weekend. 【答案】prepared 【详解】句意：上周末妈妈为旅行准备了三明治和水果。根据“last weekend.”可知，时态为一般过去时，其构成为主语+动词过去式，prepare“准备”，其过去式为prepared。故填prepared。 18．David (try) many ways to make the kite fly. He succeeded in the end. 【答案】tried 【详解】句意：大卫尝试了许多方法让风筝飞起来。他最后成功了。try“尝试”，是动词，根据“succeeded”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填tried。 19．Jenny recently (win) a prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society. 【答案】won 【详解】句意：珍妮最近获得了“帮助拯救地球协会”颁发的奖项。根据“recently...a prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society.”可知，动作已经结束，应用过去式，故填won。 20．Last night, I (prefer) to listen to some soft music before going to bed rather than play with my mobile phone. 【答案】preferred 【详解】句意：昨晚，我宁愿在睡觉前听一些柔和的音乐，也不愿玩手机。根据“Last night”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，prefer的过去式为preferred。故填preferred。 21．The girl (be) ill yesterday. 【答案】was 【详解】句意：这个女孩昨天病了。根据“yesterday” 可知，此句用一般过去时，主语 “The girl” 是第三人称单数，be动词用 “was”。故填was。 22．The zookeeper (动物园管理员) (find) out where the panda was at last. 【答案】found 【详解】句意：动物园管理员最终查明了那只熊猫当时在哪里。句末时间状语“at last”表明需用一般过去时。动词原形“find”的一般过去式为“found”，故填found。 23．It (be) windy last night. 【答案】was 【详解】句意：昨晚刮风了。根据时间状语“last night”可知，时态是一般过去时，主语It是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was。 24．Shenyang Imperial Palace (receive) more than 4 million visitors in 2023. 【答案】received 【详解】句意：沈阳故宫在2023年接待了超过400万游客。根据“in 2023”可知，时态为一般过去时，因此填receive的过去式。故填received。 25．—You look very tired! —Yes, I (sleep) only five hours last night. I (watch) the closing ceremony of the Paris Olympic Games. 【答案】 slept watched 【详解】句意：——你看起来很累！——是的，我昨晚只睡了五个小时。我观看了巴黎奥运会的闭幕式。根据“only five hours last night”可知，第一空是一般过去时，动词填过去式slept；第二个空描述的是昨晚“观看巴黎奥运会闭幕式”，同样属于过去发生的动作，因此用一般过去时。watch的过去式是watched，故填slept；watched。 一、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Our School Activity    Last week, our school held 1 interesting activity. All the students worked hard to prepare 2 projects. Some made model planes with paper, and others drew pictures about animals. I made a small toy car that could move and stop. My classmate Lisa did 3 test about plants. “If you give plants water,” she explained, “they grow 4 !”     When the activity started, the classroom was full 5 students. Everyone talked about their work. Teachers walked around and asked questions. Lisa’s plants with music 6 many people. Some students even took notes!     At the end of the day, our teacher 7 the winners. Lisa and I 8 happy because our projects got prizes! The teacher said, “This activity is not just about winning, 9 about learning new things. Working together is important.”     Now our school plans to have more activities next year. Maybe we 10 ask parents to join. Learning is so fun when we do things with friends! 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．they B．their C．them 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．quick B．quickly C．quicker 5．A．with B．of C．for 6．A．surprised B．surprise C．surprising 7．A．call B．calls C．called 8．A．is B．are C．were 9．A．and B．but C．or 10．A．can B．must C．should 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了学校举办的一次活动，包括学生们的准备情况、活动过程以及活动的意义，还提到了学校未来的活动计划。 1．句意：上周，我们学校举办了一项有趣的活动。 a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于元音音素开头的单词前；the表特指。根据“Last week, our school held…interesting activity.”可知，这里interesting以元音音素开头，“一项有趣的活动”应用 an interesting activity，故选B。 2．句意：所有学生都努力准备他们的项目。 they主格作主语；their形容词性物主代词修饰名词；them宾格作宾语。根据“All the students worked hard to prepare…projects.”可知，这里projects是名词，需用形容词性物主代词their修饰，故选B。 3．句意：我的同学丽莎做了一个关于植物的测试。 a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于元音音素开头的单词前；the表特指。根据“My classmate Lisa did…test about plants.”可知，这里test以辅音音素开头，“一个测试”应用a test符合语境，故选A。 4．句意：“如果你给植物浇水，” 她解释道，“它们长得很快！” quick是形容词；quickly是副词；quicker是比较级。根据“‘If you give plants water,’ she explained, ‘they grow…!’”可知，这里grow是动词，需用副词quickly修饰，表示“快速地生长”，故选B。 5．句意：当活动开始时，教室里挤满了学生。 be full of充满；be full with错误用法； be full for 错误用法。根据“hen the activity started, the classroom was full…students.”可知，这里是be full of表示“充满……”符合语境。故选B。 6．句意：丽莎的带音乐的植物让很多人感到惊讶。 surprised是过去式或过去分词，也可作形容词，感到惊讶的，还可作动词；surprise是动词原形；surprising是形容词。根据“Lisa’s plants with music…many people.”可知，此处缺少谓语动词，且文章是一般过去时，所以用过去式 surprised表示“使……惊讶”符合语境，故选A。 7．句意：在一天结束时，我们的老师宣布了获胜者。 call动词原形；calls第三人称单数形式；called动词过去式。根据“At the end of the day, our teacher…the winners.”及上文“Last week”可知文章时态为一般过去时，call的过去式是called符合语境，故选C。 8．句意：丽莎和我很高兴，因为我们的项目获奖了！ is是be动词的第三人称单数形式；are是be动词的复数形式；were是be动词的一般过去时复数形式。根据“Lisa and I…happy because our projects got prizes!”可知句子时态为一般过去时，Lisa and I是复数，be动词过去式用were符合语境。故选C。 9．句意：这项活动不只是关于获胜，而是关于学习新事物。 and表并列或顺承，but表转折，or表选择。根据“This activity is not just about winning,…about learning new things.”可知，这里考查not just…but…表示“不只是……而是……”，故选B。 10．句意：也许我们可以邀请家长参加。 can可以，能够，must必须，should应该。根据“Maybe we…ask parents to join.”可知，此处表示“可以邀请家长参加”，用can符合语境，故选A。 二、完形填空 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 In Hawaii, there are many pools of salty water. The salty water can turn into salt. Tina and her families are salt (盐) makers there. She often works close to the ground to make salt by hand. It’s dirty work, but she is 11 . Like many other salt makers, Tina usually drives for an hour to 12 the pools. For her, making salt is like playing games because she enjoys this job. “It’s hard work. But for me, it’s 13 .” Tina said happily. People in Hawaii think the salt can bring good luck. They often give the salt to others as 14 . People say there’s no price for the salt and they never sell it. 15 do people in Hawaii like the salt? Because they can use it for cooking, keeping healthy and so on. Last August, there were terrible fires in Hawaii. People there had a hard time. The salt makers 16 their salt to people in need. With the salt, those people could enjoy delicious food and find some joy in 17 life. However, salt-making is in danger because of 18 problems. First, there are more rainy days and it’s 19 difficult to find salt in this weather. Second, now the salt-making season is shorter than before. It only lasts (持续) for three 20 from July to September. Although there are many problems, people in Hawaii work hard to save the tradition of salt-making. 11．A．happy B．bored C．sad D．worried 12．A．get on B．get to C．get off D．go out of 13．A．dangerous B．boring C．dirty D．fun 14．A．gifts B．food C．money D．luck 15．A．Why B．How C．When D．Where 16．A．flew B．sold C．showed D．gave 17．A．his B．their C．her D．my 18．A．air B．noise C．weather D．food 19．A．luckily B．quickly C．differently D．really 20．A．days B．weeks C．months D．years 【答案】 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．A 16．D 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了夏威夷人制盐的情况。 11．句意：这是肮脏的工作，但她很高兴。 happy开心的；bored厌烦的；sad伤心的；worried担心的。but表示转折，说明蒂娜做这份工作很开心，故选A。 12．句意：像许多其他盐商一样，蒂娜通常开车一个小时去游泳池。 get on上车；get to到达；get off下车；go out of从……中消失。根据“Tina usually drives for an hour to...the pools”可知，是指开车一个小时到达游泳池，故选B。 13．句意：但对我来说，这很有趣。 dangerous危险的；boring无聊的；dirty脏的；fun有趣的。根据“It’s hard work. But for me”可知，蒂娜喜欢这个工作，认为工作很有趣，故选D。 14．句意：他们经常把盐作为礼物送给别人。 gifts礼物；food食物；money金钱；luck运气。根据“They often give the salt to others”可知，夏威夷人经常把盐作为礼物送给别人。故选A。 15．句意：为什么夏威夷人喜欢盐？ Why为什么；How如何；When什么时候；Where在哪里。根据“Because...”可知，问的是原因。故选A。 16．句意：盐匠把盐分给需要的人。 flew飞；sold卖；showed展示；gave给。根据“their salt to people in need”可知，他们把盐给需要的人。故选D。 17．句意：有了盐，那些人可以享受美味的食物，找到生活中的一些乐趣。 his他的；their他们的；her她的；my我的。根据“people”可知，是指人们的生活，应用their，故选B。 18．句意：然而，由于天气问题，制盐处于危险之中。 air空气；noise噪音；weather天气；food食物。根据“First, there are more rainy days”可知，这里说的是天气，故选C。 19．句意：首先，雨天更多，在这种天气里很难找到盐。 luckily不幸地；quickly快速地；differently不同地；really真正地。根据“difficult to find salt in this weather.”可知，在雨天很难找到盐，这里应用really修饰形容词difficult。故选D。 20．句意：它只持续三个月，从七月到九月。 days天；weeks周；months月；years年。根据“July to September”可知，是指三个月，故选C。 三、阅读理解 A 8.1 million people are waiting for calls from strangers worldwide. Some of them consider themselves introverts (内向的人), but as volunteers for Be My Eyes, they all have a kind heart. Be My Eyes was created in 2015 by Wiberg from Denmark. Blind people can use this free app to video call sighted (有视力的) volunteers when they need daily help. Today volunteers outnumber (数量超过) blind users by ten to one. It’s not easy for volunteers to get a call. Zhang Yanfei joined Be My Eyes in 2019 but didn’t receive her first call until four years later. Calls go out to many volunteers at the same time. If one doesn’t answer immediately, another volunteer will take the call. He Yanyan, a stage actress, once received her first call. A young man nervously asked, “Can this app really help?” Feeling nervous herself, she realized the man was also new to the platform. She pictured and explained the objects around him. The caller relaxed and asked if he looked tidy. After she told him that his clothes were clean, the conversation (谈话) continued for a few more rounds until the call was suddenly cut off. The volunteer wondered if she had sounded unfriendly. Cao Zhenxiang was also nervous during his first call. After he helped an elderly man check the expiration date (有效期) on his bread, the two thanked each other repeatedly. “I was so nervous that I didn’t even know why I was thanking him,” he said. Now, Cao feels much more confident. He recently helped a blind person cross the street while working on his computer. “It just felt like chatting with a friend.” he said. 21．What is the main purpose of the Be My Eyes app? A．To help blind people make friends with volunteers. B．To help blind people video call volunteers for daily tasks. C．To train introverts to become more outgoing. D．To provide free medical advice for blind people. 22．Why do volunteers sometimes find it difficult to receive calls on Be My Eyes? A．Because there are too few blind users on the platform. B．Because many volunteers receive calls, and the fastest answers. C．Because the app only allows experienced volunteers to answer calls. D．Because most volunteers are too busy to answer calls. 23．How did He Yanyan feel during her first call as a volunteer? A．Excited but impatient. B．Unfriendly and impolite. C．Confident and relaxed. D．Nervous but helpful. 24．What happened during Cao Zhenxiang’s first call? A．He helped a young man check his clothes. B．He guided a blind person to cross the street. C．He helped an old man read the bread’s expiration date. D．He taught a blind user how to use the app. 25．What is the best title of the passage? A．Blind People Get Help through Video Calls B．King Volunteers Love Helping Others C．A New App for Doing Voluntary Work D．Technology Helps People Become Confident 【答案】21．B 22．B 23．D 24．C 25．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了Be My Eyes应用程序的创建目的、运作方式以及志愿者和用户的体验。 21．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Blind people can use this free app to video call sighted volunteers when they need daily help.”可知，盲人可以使用这款免费应用在有日常需求时视频呼叫有视力的志愿者。故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Calls go out to many volunteers at the same time. If one doesn’t answer immediately, another volunteer will take the call.”可推知，接听困难源于多人竞争响应。故选B。 23．推理判断题。根据文章第4段“Feeling nervous herself”， She pictured and explained the objects around him.”和“ The volunteer wondered if she had sounded unfriendly.”可推知，她自己也感到紧张但尽力提供帮助。故选D。 24．细节理解题。根据文章第5段“After he helped an elderly man check the expiration date (有效期) on his bread”可知，他首次接到的求助电话是帮助一位老人查看面包有效期后。故选C。 25．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了盲人通过Be My Eyes应用程序，视频呼叫志愿者提供帮助的故事，故选A。 B Do you know a lot about your pets? Have you ever noticed when your pets are nervous? Sometimes, pets can get scared by things we don’t even think about. Scientists at the University of California did a study. They found that dogs can get nervous when they hear certain noises at home. For example, the sound of a vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) or a smoke detector (烟雾报警器) can make them scared. Many pet owners don't know this. Emma Grigg, one of the scientists, shared a story about a dog named Ginny. “Ginny was a very friendly dog. But one day, she started acting strangely. She looked nervous and didn’t even eat for a few days,” said Grigg. Later, they found out that the noise from a smoke detector in another part of the house was scaring Ginny. When the noise stopped, Ginny felt better. This made Grigg want to study it more. The scientists asked 368 dog owners about their pets’ reactions to everyday home sounds. They also watched many videos online. They discovered that high-frequency (高频率的) noises can make dogs more nervous than low-frequency noises. “Dogs are different. Some are more sensitive to noises than others,” said Grigg. Scientists think that cats might also get scared by home noises. Now, the scientists hope this study will help pet owners understand how home noises can affect their dogs. They suggest that owners can try to keep noisy things away from their pets or use soft music to cover up the scary sounds. This way, pets can feel safer and happier at home. 26．Why didn’t Ginny eat for a few days? A．Because she was sick. B．Because she didn’t like the food. C．Because she was missing her owner. D．Because she was scared by the noise from a smoke detector. 27．What did the scientists find from their study on dogs? A．Low-frequency noises make dogs more nervous than high-frequency ones. B．All dogs have the same reaction to home noises. C．Dogs react differently to various home noises. D．Cats aren’t affected by home noises at all. 28．What does the underlined word “affect” mean in the last paragraph? A．Improve. B．Influence. C．Attract. D．Protect. 29．What can we learn from the passage? A．Dogs prefer to stay in a quiet place. B．Dog owners know a lot about their dogs. C．Home sounds may make your dog scared. D．Outdoor activities may be better for your dog. 30．Where is the passage most probably from? A．A science magazine. B．A newspaper. C．A pet care book. D．A children’s storybook. 【答案】26．D 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．A 【导语】本文是一篇科学研究类文章，主要介绍了加利福尼亚大学的科学家对宠物（尤其是狗）对家庭噪音的反应的研究。最后科学家希望宠物主人能理解家庭噪音对宠物的影响，并采取措施让宠物在家更安全、快乐。 26．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Later, they found out that the noise from a smoke detector in another part of the house was scaring Ginny.”可知，Ginny是被烟雾报警器的噪音吓到了，所以好几天不吃东西，故选D。 27．细节理解题。根据第四段“The scientists asked 368 dog owners about their pets’ reactions to everyday home sounds... They discovered that high-frequency noises can make dogs more nervous than low-frequency noises.”以及第五段“Dogs are different. Some are more sensitive to noises than others”，说明狗对不同的家庭噪音反应不同，高频噪音比低频噪音更让狗紧张，而且不同的狗对噪音的敏感度也不同，故选C。 28．词句猜测题。根据上下文，科学家希望这项研究能帮助宠物主人了解家庭噪音是如何“影响”他们的狗的，“affect”在这里是“影响” 的意思，与“influence”同义，故选B。 29．推理判断题。文章主要讲述了科学家研究发现家庭中的噪音会让狗感到紧张，所以从文章中我们可以了解到家庭声音可能会让你的狗害怕，故选C。 30．主旨大意题。文章讲述了关于狗对家庭噪音反应的科学研究，属于科学范畴，所以最有可能来自科学杂志，故选A。 一、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 a   snow   make   get   they   but   with   patient  change  and  snowman  talk Winter has already come in America. It is cold and 1 in many places. That means young people are enjoying making 2 , going skating and having snow ball fights. But once in 3 small American town, Severance, snow ball fights were illegal (违法的). Kale worked for the town of Severance. He said children couldn’t believe that it was illegal to have snow ball fights in 4   hometown. Nine-year-old Dane lives in Severance 5 his parents and little brother. After he found that it was illegal to throw snow balls, he began to look for a way to 6 that. “I want to throw a snow ball without 7 in trouble,” he said. Dane and his classmates wrote letters in support of overturning (推翻) the ban (禁令). Later, Dane 8   about the problem at a Severance town meeting. Town leaders listened to Dane 9 , and in the end, they all agreed to overturn the ban. Dane felt happy 10 he said that the first person he hoped to have snow ball fights with was his four-year-old brother. Now, children in the town of Severance can enjoy the exciting snow ball fights in winter. 【答案】 1．snowy 2．snowmen 3．a 4．their 5．with 6．change 7．getting 8．talked 9．patiently 10．and 【导语】本文主要讲述美国一小镇打雪仗曾是非法的，戴恩得知此事后，努力寻求改变，与同学们写信支持推翻禁令，最终领导们同意废除禁令。 1．句意：许多地方很冷，还下雪。根据“It is cold and... in many places.”和备选词可知，冬天应该是寒冷且下雪的，应填snow的形容词形式，作表语。故填snowy。 2．句意：这意味着年轻人喜欢堆雪人、滑冰和打雪仗。根据备选词并结合常识可知，下雪时可以堆雪人，应填snowman的复数形式，表示泛指。故填snowmen。 3．句意：但是在美国的一个小镇，塞弗伦斯，打雪仗是违法的。根据“...small American town, Severance,”和备选词可知，此处指美国的一个小镇，应填冠词a。故填a。 4．句意：他说孩子们无法相信在家乡打雪仗是违法的。根据“He said children couldn’t believe that it was illegal to have snow ball fights in... hometown.”和备选词可知，此处指孩子们的家乡，应填they的形容词性物主代词。故填their。 5．句意：9岁的戴恩和他的父母和弟弟住在塞弗伦斯。live sp with sb“和某人一起住在某地”，是固定用法。故填with。 6．句意：在他发现扔雪球是违法的之后，他开始寻找改变这种情况的方法。根据“After he found that it was illegal to throw snow balls,”和备选词可知，此处指他想要改变不能扔雪球这件事；change“改变”，to后接动词原形。故填change。 7．句意：“我想在不惹麻烦的情况下扔雪球，”他说。根据“I want to throw a snow ball without... in trouble,”和备选词可知，此处指不惹麻烦，without是介词，后接动词-ing形式。故填getting。 8．句意：后来，戴恩在塞弗伦斯镇的一次会议上谈到了这个问题。talk about“谈论”，此处时态为一般过去时，因此填talk的过去式。故填talked。 9．句意：镇领导耐心地听取了戴恩的意见，最后，他们都同意推翻禁令。根据“and in the end, they all agreed to overturn the ban.”可知，此处指镇领导耐心地听取了戴恩的意见，应填patient的副词形式，修饰动词listened。故填patiently。 10．句意：戴恩感到很高兴，他说他第一个希望和他四岁的弟弟打雪仗。“Dane felt happy”和“he said”之间是并列关系，因此用连词and。故填and。 二、任务型阅读 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求用完整句子作答，并将答案写在答题卡指定的位置。 On weekends and holidays, kids in the US usually play sports. Time for Kids says that more US teenagers have joined sports clubs these years. Many families spend much money on their children’s sports. Alex Smith is an eighth-grader at a middle school. The 16-year-old boy started playing baseball at the age of 5. He plays it with his friends three times a week. He said that his family spent over $1,200 on his training each year. Tristan Green, a 15-year-old boy from California, also plays baseball. His father, a famous coach, taught him the sport when he was 6. “My mum drives me to every practice and every game,” he said Playing sports can bring many benefits. Teenagers can take part in matches. The top players in these matches usually get full scholarships (奖学金) for university. Brigid Brown, 17, a runner at Mercy High School, has got a full scholarship to Tulane University. She has won the matches many times. However, there are bad things about playing sports. Studies show that starting one sport at a young age increases the risk of getting hurt. But most teenagers still believe sports make their lives better. Brigid Brown adds, “Even when I lose, I learn to keep trying. Playing sports is important and useful.” 11．How old is Alex Smith? 12．How often does Alex Smith play baseball? 13．When did Tristan Green start to learn baseball? 14．What kind of sport is Brigid Brown good at? 15．What does Brigid Brown think of playing sports? 【答案】11．He is 16 years old. 12．Three times a week. 13．He started to learn baseball at the age of 6. 14．She is good at running. 15．She thinks playing sports is important and useful. 【导语】本文主要讲述了美国青少年参与体育运动的情况。 11．根据“Alex Smith is an eighth-grader at a middle school. The 16-year-old boy started playing baseball at the age of 5”可知Alex Smith今年16岁。故填He is 16 years old. 12．根据“He plays it with his friends three times a week”可知Alex Smith每周打三次棒球。故填Three times a week. 13．根据“His father, a famous coach, taught him the sport when he was 6”可知Tristan Green6岁开始学习棒球。故填He started to learn baseball at the age of 6. 14．根据“Brigid Brown, 17, a runner at Mercy High School”可知Brigid Brown擅长跑步。故填She is good at running. 15．根据“Brigid Brown adds, ‘Even when I lose, I learn to keep trying. Playing sports is important and useful.’”可知Brigid Brown认为运动是重要且有益的。故填She thinks playing sports is important and useful. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业01 一般过去时 一般现在时的用法： 用法 例句 时间状语 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常性的动作。 I was in Grade Six last year. (表示过去的状态) I watched TV last night. (表示过去发生的动作) yesterday, the day before yesterday(前天), in 1992, last year, three days ago, just now（刚才）,in the past（在过去）等 一般现在时的谓语结构： 动词类型 句型结构 例句 实义（行为）动词 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他 He played football yesterday. Tom studied in England two years ago. 否定句：主语+did not/didn’t +动词原形+其他 They didn’t eat carrots. Tom didn’t like sports when he was young 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他? Did they drink milk? 回答：Yes, they did. No, they didn’t. Did Tom have lunch just now?回答：Yes, he did. No, he didn’t. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+动词过去式+其他? 疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他? Who helped you? Where did she go? be动词 肯定句：主语+was/were+其他 I was a student in 2020. She was busy an hour ago. We were in Shanghai last month. 否定句：主语+ was/were +not+其他 We were not (weren’t) at school yesterday. He was not (wasn’t) busy last Friday. 一般疑问句；Was/Were +主语+其他？ Was he at home just now? _Were you late for school yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+其他？ Where were they two days ago? Who was absent yesterday? 动词过去式的构成 规则变化： 规则 例子 直接在动词词尾加-ed ask-asked look-looked work-worked 以字母e结尾的动词,直接在词尾加-d live-lived move- moved save-saved 以辅音字母+-y结尾的动词，变y为i,再加ed 以元音字母+-y结尾的动词，直接加ed try-tried study-studied cry-cried play-played enjoy-enjoyed stay-stayed 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop-stopped plan-planned prefer-preferred 不规则变化： 规则 例子 过去式和原形一样 let-let put-put cut-cut i变a swim-swam sing- sang begin-began 中间去e末尾加t feel-felt keep-kept sleep-slept sweep(打扫)-swept i变o ride-rode drive-drove write-wrote ow/aw变ew know-knew grow-grew draw-drew d结尾的，d变t build-built lend(借出)-lent send-sent 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．She ________ a sandwich for breakfast this morning. A．have B．has C．had D．is having 2．—How delicious the cake is! —Thanks. My mother ________ it last night. A．makes B．making C．made D．make 3．Smoke signals ________ messages by ancient Chinese soldiers. A．used to send B．were used to send C．were used to sending D．used to sending 4．His dog ________ last week and his ________ made him very sad. A．died; die B．death; died C．died; death D．dead; death 5．—How did you get to school yesterday? —I ________ my bike to school. A．rode B．ride C．rides D．riding 6．The teacher ________ to the students about the activity yesterday. A．talks B．talked C．talking D．to talk 7．—Where did you go last Sunday? —I ________ to the community center with my friends. A．go B．goes C．went D．going 8．Last weekend, Kangkang ________ a volunteer activity to clean up the park. A．join B．joins C．joined D．joining 9．They ________ the tent quickly before the rain came. A．put up B．putted up C．putting up 10．Xiao Mei ________ loudly when she saw the broken tent. A．cryed B．cried C．crys 11．We ________ a map and found our way back last night. A．use B．uses C．used 12．Yesterday I _________ basketball with my classmates. We had a good time! A．will play B．play C．played D．plays 13．—When ________ the earthquake (地震) happen in the city? —Last week. I was asleep all night and didn’t realize that. A．was B．did C．were 14．There ________ two foreign teachers in our school last year. A．are B．was C．were 15．My grandfather ________ at a hospital in his home town in 1986. A．works B．will work C．is working D．worked 二、单词拼写 16．After checking all the things, we (set) off for the airport. 17．Mom (prepare) sandwiches and fruit for the trip last weekend. 18．David (try) many ways to make the kite fly. He succeeded in the end. 19．Jenny recently (win) a prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society. 20．Last night, I (prefer) to listen to some soft music before going to bed rather than play with my mobile phone. 21．The girl (be) ill yesterday. 22．The zookeeper (动物园管理员) (find) out where the panda was at last. 23．It (be) windy last night. 24．Shenyang Imperial Palace (receive) more than 4 million visitors in 2023. 25．—You look very tired! —Yes, I (sleep) only five hours last night. I (watch) the closing ceremony of the Paris Olympic Games. 一、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Our School Activity    Last week, our school held 1 interesting activity. All the students worked hard to prepare 2 projects. Some made model planes with paper, and others drew pictures about animals. I made a small toy car that could move and stop. My classmate Lisa did 3 test about plants. “If you give plants water,” she explained, “they grow 4 !”     When the activity started, the classroom was full 5 students. Everyone talked about their work. Teachers walked around and asked questions. Lisa’s plants with music 6 many people. Some students even took notes!     At the end of the day, our teacher 7 the winners. Lisa and I 8 happy because our projects got prizes! The teacher said, “This activity is not just about winning, 9 about learning new things. Working together is important.”     Now our school plans to have more activities next year. Maybe we 10 ask parents to join. Learning is so fun when we do things with friends! 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．they B．their C．them 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．quick B．quickly C．quicker 5．A．with B．of C．for 6．A．surprised B．surprise C．surprising 7．A．call B．calls C．called 8．A．is B．are C．were 9．A．and B．but C．or 10．A．can B．must C．should 二、完形填空 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 In Hawaii, there are many pools of salty water. The salty water can turn into salt. Tina and her families are salt (盐) makers there. She often works close to the ground to make salt by hand. It’s dirty work, but she is 11 . Like many other salt makers, Tina usually drives for an hour to 12 the pools. For her, making salt is like playing games because she enjoys this job. “It’s hard work. But for me, it’s 13 .” Tina said happily. People in Hawaii think the salt can bring good luck. They often give the salt to others as 14 . People say there’s no price for the salt and they never sell it. 15 do people in Hawaii like the salt? Because they can use it for cooking, keeping healthy and so on. Last August, there were terrible fires in Hawaii. People there had a hard time. The salt makers 16 their salt to people in need. With the salt, those people could enjoy delicious food and find some joy in 17 life. However, salt-making is in danger because of 18 problems. First, there are more rainy days and it’s 19 difficult to find salt in this weather. Second, now the salt-making season is shorter than before. It only lasts (持续) for three 20 from July to September. Although there are many problems, people in Hawaii work hard to save the tradition of salt-making. 11．A．happy B．bored C．sad D．worried 12．A．get on B．get to C．get off D．go out of 13．A．dangerous B．boring C．dirty D．fun 14．A．gifts B．food C．money D．luck 15．A．Why B．How C．When D．Where 16．A．flew B．sold C．showed D．gave 17．A．his B．their C．her D．my 18．A．air B．noise C．weather D．food 19．A．luckily B．quickly C．differently D．really 20．A．days B．weeks C．months D．years 三、阅读理解 A 8.1 million people are waiting for calls from strangers worldwide. Some of them consider themselves introverts (内向的人), but as volunteers for Be My Eyes, they all have a kind heart. Be My Eyes was created in 2015 by Wiberg from Denmark. Blind people can use this free app to video call sighted (有视力的) volunteers when they need daily help. Today volunteers outnumber (数量超过) blind users by ten to one. It’s not easy for volunteers to get a call. Zhang Yanfei joined Be My Eyes in 2019 but didn’t receive her first call until four years later. Calls go out to many volunteers at the same time. If one doesn’t answer immediately, another volunteer will take the call. He Yanyan, a stage actress, once received her first call. A young man nervously asked, “Can this app really help?” Feeling nervous herself, she realized the man was also new to the platform. She pictured and explained the objects around him. The caller relaxed and asked if he looked tidy. After she told him that his clothes were clean, the conversation (谈话) continued for a few more rounds until the call was suddenly cut off. The volunteer wondered if she had sounded unfriendly. Cao Zhenxiang was also nervous during his first call. After he helped an elderly man check the expiration date (有效期) on his bread, the two thanked each other repeatedly. “I was so nervous that I didn’t even know why I was thanking him,” he said. Now, Cao feels much more confident. He recently helped a blind person cross the street while working on his computer. “It just felt like chatting with a friend.” he said. 21．What is the main purpose of the Be My Eyes app? A．To help blind people make friends with volunteers. B．To help blind people video call volunteers for daily tasks. C．To train introverts to become more outgoing. D．To provide free medical advice for blind people. 22．Why do volunteers sometimes find it difficult to receive calls on Be My Eyes? A．Because there are too few blind users on the platform. B．Because many volunteers receive calls, and the fastest answers. C．Because the app only allows experienced volunteers to answer calls. D．Because most volunteers are too busy to answer calls. 23．How did He Yanyan feel during her first call as a volunteer? A．Excited but impatient. B．Unfriendly and impolite. C．Confident and relaxed. D．Nervous but helpful. 24．What happened during Cao Zhenxiang’s first call? A．He helped a young man check his clothes. B．He guided a blind person to cross the street. C．He helped an old man read the bread’s expiration date. D．He taught a blind user how to use the app. 25．What is the best title of the passage? A．Blind People Get Help through Video Calls B．King Volunteers Love Helping Others C．A New App for Doing Voluntary Work D．Technology Helps People Become Confident B Do you know a lot about your pets? Have you ever noticed when your pets are nervous? Sometimes, pets can get scared by things we don’t even think about. Scientists at the University of California did a study. They found that dogs can get nervous when they hear certain noises at home. For example, the sound of a vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) or a smoke detector (烟雾报警器) can make them scared. Many pet owners don't know this. Emma Grigg, one of the scientists, shared a story about a dog named Ginny. “Ginny was a very friendly dog. But one day, she started acting strangely. She looked nervous and didn’t even eat for a few days,” said Grigg. Later, they found out that the noise from a smoke detector in another part of the house was scaring Ginny. When the noise stopped, Ginny felt better. This made Grigg want to study it more. The scientists asked 368 dog owners about their pets’ reactions to everyday home sounds. They also watched many videos online. They discovered that high-frequency (高频率的) noises can make dogs more nervous than low-frequency noises. “Dogs are different. Some are more sensitive to noises than others,” said Grigg. Scientists think that cats might also get scared by home noises. Now, the scientists hope this study will help pet owners understand how home noises can affect their dogs. They suggest that owners can try to keep noisy things away from their pets or use soft music to cover up the scary sounds. This way, pets can feel safer and happier at home. 26．Why didn’t Ginny eat for a few days? A．Because she was sick. B．Because she didn’t like the food. C．Because she was missing her owner. D．Because she was scared by the noise from a smoke detector. 27．What did the scientists find from their study on dogs? A．Low-frequency noises make dogs more nervous than high-frequency ones. B．All dogs have the same reaction to home noises. C．Dogs react differently to various home noises. D．Cats aren’t affected by home noises at all. 28．What does the underlined word “affect” mean in the last paragraph? A．Improve. B．Influence. C．Attract. D．Protect. 29．What can we learn from the passage? A．Dogs prefer to stay in a quiet place. B．Dog owners know a lot about their dogs. C．Home sounds may make your dog scared. D．Outdoor activities may be better for your dog. 30．Where is the passage most probably from? A．A science magazine. B．A newspaper. C．A pet care book. D．A children’s storybook. 一、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 a   snow   make   get   they   but   with   patient  change  and  snowman  talk Winter has already come in America. It is cold and 1 in many places. That means young people are enjoying making 2 , going skating and having snow ball fights. But once in 3 small American town, Severance, snow ball fights were illegal (违法的). Kale worked for the town of Severance. He said children couldn’t believe that it was illegal to have snow ball fights in 4   hometown. Nine-year-old Dane lives in Severance 5 his parents and little brother. After he found that it was illegal to throw snow balls, he began to look for a way to 6 that. “I want to throw a snow ball without 7 in trouble,” he said. Dane and his classmates wrote letters in support of overturning (推翻) the ban (禁令). Later, Dane 8   about the problem at a Severance town meeting. Town leaders listened to Dane 9 , and in the end, they all agreed to overturn the ban. Dane felt happy 10 he said that the first person he hoped to have snow ball fights with was his four-year-old brother. Now, children in the town of Severance can enjoy the exciting snow ball fights in winter. 二、任务型阅读 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求用完整句子作答，并将答案写在答题卡指定的位置。 On weekends and holidays, kids in the US usually play sports. Time for Kids says that more US teenagers have joined sports clubs these years. Many families spend much money on their children’s sports. Alex Smith is an eighth-grader at a middle school. The 16-year-old boy started playing baseball at the age of 5. He plays it with his friends three times a week. He said that his family spent over $1,200 on his training each year. Tristan Green, a 15-year-old boy from California, also plays baseball. His father, a famous coach, taught him the sport when he was 6. “My mum drives me to every practice and every game,” he said Playing sports can bring many benefits. Teenagers can take part in matches. The top players in these matches usually get full scholarships (奖学金) for university. Brigid Brown, 17, a runner at Mercy High School, has got a full scholarship to Tulane University. She has won the matches many times. However, there are bad things about playing sports. Studies show that starting one sport at a young age increases the risk of getting hurt. But most teenagers still believe sports make their lives better. Brigid Brown adds, “Even when I lose, I learn to keep trying. Playing sports is important and useful.” 11．How old is Alex Smith? 12．How often does Alex Smith play baseball? 13．When did Tristan Green start to learn baseball? 14．What kind of sport is Brigid Brown good at? 15．What does Brigid Brown think of playing sports? 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$