精品解析：上海市静安区新中高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中联考英语试卷

2024学年第二学期高二英语期中试卷 第Ⅰ卷 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Supermarket. B. Tailor’s shop. C. Department store. D. Convenience store. 1 2. A.200 pounds. B.600 pounds. C.300 pounds. D.700 pounds. 3.A. Call the ticket office later. B. Order the tickets online. C. Not to buy the ticket on the Internet. D. Order the tickets when it’s not busy. 4.A. Borrowing money from a business company. B. Lending some money to a student. C. Asking for some financial aid. D. Reading students’ application. 5.A. The bed is to blame for his not falling asleep. B. He can fall asleep if he stops drinking. C. He can drink more to fall asleep easily. D. Drinking is good for sleeping. 6.A. He is satisfied with the content. B. He feels sorry for it. C. He thinks it is valueless. D. He thinks it is valuable. A. Professor Smith spoke Greek when he explained the maths problem. B. The woman still didn’t understand the maths problem. C. Unfortunately, she didn’t hear Professor Smith’s explanation. D. Professor Smith didn’t explain the problem clearly. 8.A. Collect papers for the man. B. Do the typing once again. C. Check the paper for typing errors. D. Read the whole newspaper. 9. A. Proceed in his own way. B. Stick to the original plan. C. Negotiate with his colleague. D. Try to change his colleague’s mind. 10. A. His project proved to be unsuccessful. B. He was unable to get sufficient money. C. Lack of land prevented his success. D. He was successful with his project. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To guide and help children’s play. B. To give children an opportunity to play. C. To make children excited. D. To keep children company. 12. A. It determines the standard a child can reach. B. It is the happiest period during one’s life. C. It is the most important time to shape one’s character. D. It is the best time for children to learn new things. 13. A. The relationship between play and learning. B. The way to help children develop both physically and mentally. C. The importance of children’s play. D. Different stages of children’s development. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. It tends to wander towards unpleasant experiences. B. It wanders for almost half of their waking time. C. It has trouble concentrating after a brain injury. D. It tends to be affected by their negative feelings. 15. A. To find how happiness relates to daydreaming. B. To observe how one’s mind affects one’s behavior. C. To see why daydreaming impacts what one is doing. D. To study the relation between health and daydreaming. 16. A. Participants with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear goals. B. The difference in performance between the two groups was insignificant. C. Non-daydreamers were more confused on their tasks than daydreamers. D. Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance. Questions 17through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Their average lifespan was less than 50 years. B. It was very common for them to have 12 children. C. They retired from work much earlier than today. D. They were quite optimistic about their future. 18. A. Get ready for ecological changes. B. Adapt to the new environment. C. Learn to use new technology. D. Explore ways to stay young. 19. A. When all women go out to work. B. When family planning is enforced. C. When a world government is set up. D. When all people become wealthier. 20. A. Eliminate poverty and injustice. B. Migrate to other planets. C. Control the environment. D. Find inexhaustible resources. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Why Is DeepSeek Shaking Up the Tech World The AI community is very excited about DeepSeek-R1, a new open-source model developed by Chinese start-up DeepSeek. ___1___(release) on January 20, the AI tool quickly rose to the top of app charts worldwide. According to DeepSeek in tasks such as mathematics, coding and natural language reasoning, the performance of this model is comparable to the leading models from major tech companies like Open AI, but delivered at a fraction (小部分) of the cash and computing power of its competitors. Since its foundation in July 2023, DeepSeek ___2___ (make) great progress in the field of large language models (LLMs). The company released its first model “DeepSeek LLM” in January 2024. In December, the start-up launched its open-source LLM “V3.” U.S. media reports claimed that V3 was better than all of Meta’s open-source LLMs and as good as Open AI’s closed-source GPT4-o. The latest Rl model achieved an important technological breakthrough by using pure deep learning methods ___3___ (allow) AI to spontaneously emerge with reasoning capabilities. Developers have traditionally used approaches such as Chain-of-Thought and Supervised Fine-Tuning to train AI. One depends on step-by-step reasoning and the other on huge amounts of labeled data. DeepSeek, however, adopted Reinforcement Learning (RL) ___4___ a core training method. RL enables models to learn through interaction and reward mechanisms, ___5___ (make) it better suited for complex and changing tasks. R1, therefore, is more adaptable and efficient. ___6___ really amazed its competitors, however, was the small budget DeepSeek used to make it all happen. According to its V3 model technical report, the company’s manufacturing cost is about $5.57 million, ranking it among ___7___ (expensıve) LLMs. It shows the possibility of advanced AI at much lower costs than was widely believed. In an industry ___8___ development has long relied on piling up computing power, DeepSeek models inspire: Bigger is no longer always smarter. But together we are smarter. Open source allows researchers, developers and users to access the underlying code of DeepSeek’s models. This means that they can use, change or enhance the models to suit their needs. The company has committed itself to ___9___ (contribute) to the collective advancement of technology. ___10___ asked about the meaning of “DeepSeek,” the R1 chatbot replied, “The name reflects the company’s mission to deeply explore and advance the foundational technologies of AI, aiming to push back the boundaries of AI innovation and application.” It has no doubt lived up to that name. 【答案】1. Released 2. has made 3. to allow 4. as 5. making 6. What 7. the least expensive 8. whose 9. contributing 10. When 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是中国初创公司DeepSeek开发的新型开源AI模型DeepSeek-R1及其技术突破和行业影响。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该人工智能工具于1月20日发布，迅速在全球应用排行榜上名列前茅。release在句中作状语，与逻辑主语the AI tool之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作状语，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填Released。 【2题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自2023年7月成立以来，DeepSeek在大型语言模型领域取得了巨大进展。根据时间状语Since its foundation in July 2023可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语DeepSeek是单数，助动词用has。故填has made。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：刚刚发布的R1实现了重要的技术突破——利用纯粹的深度学习方法，让人工智能自发产生推理能力。分析句子可知，allow在句中作目的状语，应用不定式形式。故填to allow。 【4题详解】 考查介词。句意：然而，DeepSeek采用了强化学习（RL）作为核心训练方法。根据句意可知，此处表示“作为”，应用介词as，adopt…as…表示“采用……作为……”，固定搭配。故填as。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：强化学习使模型能够通过交互和奖励机制进行学习，使其更适合处理复杂多变的任务。此处为现在分词作结果状语，表示顺其自然的结果应用现在分词形式，表主动。故填making。 【6题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：然而，真正让竞争对手感到惊讶的是DeepSeek实现这一切所使用的预算很少。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导该从句，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填What。 【7题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：根据其V3模型的技术报告，该公司的制造成本约为557万美元，在大型语言模型中属于成本最低的（最不昂贵的）。根据下文“It shows the possibility of advanced AI at much lower costs than was widely believed.(它显示了以比普遍认为的低得多的成本实现先进人工智能的可能性。)”和among可知，此处应表示“最不昂贵的”，故填the least expensive。 【8题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在一个长期以来一直依赖堆叠计算能力来发展的行业中，DeepSeek的模型给人以启发：规模更大并不总是意味着更聪明。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词industry，引导词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导该从句。故填whose。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该公司致力于为技术的集体进步做出贡献。commit oneself to doing sth.表示“致力于做某事”，是固定短语，其中to是介词，其后应用动名词形式作宾语。故填contributing。 【10题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：当被问及“DeepSeek”的含义时，R1聊天机器人回答说：“这个名字反映了公司深入探索和推进人工智能基础技术的使命，旨在突破人工智能创新和应用的界限。”根据句意可知，此处表示“当……时”，应用when引导时间状语从句，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填When。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A. bonds B. feature C. distinctly D. dedicated E. awakenıng F. twist G. standout H. perceive I. evolving J. determined K. strikingly Tan Dun, a renowned composer, is celebrated for blending ancient traditions with modern creativity. Nurtured in a Hunan village, Tan’s artistic _____11_____ stemmed from Ghost Opera-a ritual heritage blending Taoism, Buddhism, and nature worship. His childhood dream to become a shaman who could “ _____12_____ the wind’s whispers and decode stone-leaf dialogues” shaped his artistic vision through spiritual _____13_____ to the natural world. A life-changing moment came at age 16 when Tan heard a symphony. The emotional power of Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony by the Philadelphia Orchestra deeply moved him. _____14_____ to master this art form, he studied at China’s Central Conservatory of Music and later in New York. Two decades later, he was invited to work with the Philadelphia Orchestra, bringing his journey full circle. Tan’s music often draws on the sounds of nature. One of his _____15_____ works, The Map, features unconventional instruments such as water bowls, stones, and rice paper. In Passacaglia: Secret of Wind and Birds, Tan seamlessly blends the sounds of wind and birds with orchestral instruments. This creates a rich experience that evokes the dynamic interplay between humans and the natural world. Tan is also _____16_____ to preserving China’s musical heritage. Folk music and cultural elements _____17_____ in many of his works. He has also brought a modern _____18_____” to ancient instruments, like the suona. In 2017, Tan reimagined Hundreds of Birds Paying Homage to Phoenix for orchestra, performing it in Sydney with suona player Liu Wenwen. This fusion (融合) of Chinese and Western music captivated global audiences. In 2024, Tan paid tribute to (向…致敬) Beethoven with Choral Concerto: Nine in Bonn. Blending Schiller’s “Ode to Joy” with Chinese poetry by Qu Yuan and Li Bai, it explorers universal brotherhood and man-nature harmony, echoing Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony while presenting a(n) _____19_____ Eastern perspective For Tan, music is a(n) ______20______ force, much like a river flowing through time. His works honor past traditions while embracing modern innovations, bridging the past with the future. As he says, “The world is one home,” and music, with its power to unite, connects people across cultures and generations. 【答案】11. E 12. H 13. A 14. J 15. G 16. D 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. I 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述著名作曲家谭盾将古代传统与现代创意融合的艺术生涯，介绍其作品特色、对音乐遗产的保护及跨文化融合的成就。 【11题详解】 考查名词。句意：谭盾在湖南的一个村庄长大，他的艺术觉醒源于《幽灵歌剧》—— 一种融合道教、佛教和自然崇拜的仪式遗产。设空处作主语，需填名词。根据“from Ghost Opera-a ritual heritage blending Taoism, Buddhism, and nature worship”可知，awakening：指谭盾的艺术觉醒源于《鬼歌剧》，体现其灵感的起源。故填E。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：他童年时梦想成为一名萨满，能够 “感知风的低语，解读石叶的对话”这种通过与自然世界的精神联结形成的愿景塑造了他的艺术视野。设空处与“decode” 并列，需填动词原形。“perceive（感知）” 与 “风的低语” 搭配合理，意为 “感知 / 察觉”符合语境。故填H。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。设空处作介词“through”的宾语，需填名词。“bonds（联结，纽带）”与“spiritual（精神的）” 搭配，指“与自然世界的精神联结”，符合语境。故填A。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他决心掌握这种艺术形式，先后在中国中央音乐学院和纽约学习。设空处作状语，修饰整个句子，需填形容词（过去分词转化的形容词表状态）。根据下文“he studied at China’s Central Conservatory of Music and later in New York.”可知，“determined(决心的)” 构成 “determined to do sth.”结构，表“决心做某事”，符合语境。故填J。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。 句意：他的杰出作品之一《地图》，以水碗、石头、宣纸等非常规乐器为特色。 设空处修饰“works”，需填形容词作定语。“standout(杰出的，引人注目的)” 符合语境。故填G。 16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：谭盾还致力于保护中国的音乐遗产。设空处作表语，需填形容词。“dedicated（专注的，献身的）”构成“be dedicated to doing sth.” 结构，表示 “致力于做某事”，符合语境。故填D。 【17题详解】 考查动词原形。句意：民间音乐和文化元素在他的许多作品中占重要地位。设空处作谓语，需填动词原形。主语为复数，动词用原形。“feature(以…… 为特色，占重要地位)” 符合语境。故填B。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：他还为唢呐等古代乐器带来了现代的 “创新”。设空处作宾语，需填名词。“twist(转折，创新)” 此处指 “现代创新”，符合 语境。故填F。 【19题详解】 考查副词。句意：它融合了席勒的《欢乐颂》与中国屈原、李白的诗歌，探讨了普世兄弟情谊和人与自然的和谐，呼应了贝多芬的第九交响曲，同时呈现了鲜明的东方视角。设空处修饰形容词 “Eastern”，需填副词。“distinctly(鲜明地，明显地)”强调“东方视角的独特性”，符合语境。故填C。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对谭来说，音乐是一种不断发展的力量，就像一条流过时间的河流。设空处修饰 “force”，需填形容词。“evolving(不断发展的)” 符合语境。故填I。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Are you a digital hoarder? Most people are familiar with hoarding (囤积) and the psychological issues associated with it. Hoarding leads to messy homes and difficulty ____21____ with items that you don’t use and don’t even need. But hoarding can also occur in the digital world. Digital hoarding, also known as e-hoarding, is too much acquisition and ____22____ to delete electronic material no longer valuable to the user. Most computer users save digital files to some extent, and that’s expected. With digital hoarding, however, the act of saving the files becomes an uncontrollable ____23____. Digital hoarders may collect emails, photos, articles, podcasts, or any type of computer files they believe they may want to revisit in the future, and ultimately, in most cases, they ____24____ get to actually use it or listen to it or read it. Digital hoarding also occurs when someone is too ____25____ to the data even to consider getting rid of it. This can include chats and photos of an old partner, ____26____ sent by a long-lost friend, or even screenshots collected several years ago. Researchers have ____27____ digital hoarders into 4 different types, according to their characteristics. “Collectors” are organized, ____28____ and in control of their data. “Accidental hoarders”, also called “____29____ or disorganized hoarders”, don’t intentionally save unnecessary data. They just don’t know how to organize it. “The hoarders by instruction” keep data on behalf of their company (even when they could delete much of it). Finally, “anxious hoarders” have strong emotional ____30____ to their data — and are worried about deleting it. The problem has only gotten worse since we have more ____31____ to digital storage than ever. In addition, cloud storage makes it incredibly easy to purchase more storage as needed. With ____32____ cloud space, it’s logical when network users don’t think twice about saving files. However, studies found that digital hoarders experience increased levels of stress and now researchers are observing that the negative consequences of digital hoarding may be similar to those of ____33____ hoarding. ____34____, it’s important to set time aside to have a good clear-out, in the same way we do in the physical world. By organizing and ____35____ useless files in a regular way, people with this problem can ease some of their distress and clear their own mind as well. 21. A. stocking B. binding C. living D. parting 22. A. reluctance B. eagerness C. perspective D. fantasy 23. A. obstacle B. boost C. urge D. stream 24. A. substantially B. frequently C. autonomously D. rarely 25. A. transmitted B. closed C. attached D. assigned 26. A. flowers B. texts C. gifts D. letters 27. A. regulated B. categorized C. integrated D. stimulated 28. A. rigid B. generous C. patriotic D. systematic 29. A. disengaged B. enthusiastic C. reliable D. discriminated 30. A. appeals B. conflicts C. issues D. ties 31. A. access B. concern C. desire D. excuse 32. A. multiple B. secure C. limitless D. meaningless 33. A. massive B. regular C. casual D. physical 34. A. Instead B. However C. Otherwise D. Therefore 35. A. making use of B. taking care of C. getting rid of D. getting used to 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字囤积者的分类和特点以及数字囤积带来的困扰，并表明要定期整理和清除无用文件。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：囤积会导致家里乱作一团，也会让你难以舍弃那些你不用甚至不需要的物品。A. stocking储备，贮存；B. binding绑定；C. living生活；D. parting分离。根据下文“items that you don’t use and don’t even need”可知，此处是指舍弃那些你不用甚至不需要的物品。part with意为“舍弃”。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：数字囤积，也被称为电子囤积，是指过多地获取和不愿删除对用户不再有价值的电子材料。A. reluctance不情愿；B. eagerness渴望；C. perspective角度；D. fantasy华丽。根据上文“Digital hoarding”可知，数字囤积让人不愿删除对用户不再有价值的电子材料。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有了数字囤积，保存文件的行为就变成了一种无法控制的冲动。A. obstacle困难；B. boost推动，促进；C. urge冲动；D. stream小河，小溪。根据后文“Digital hoarders may collect emails, photos, articles, podcasts, or any type of computer files they believe they may want to revisit in the future(数字囤积者可能会收集电子邮件、照片、文章、播客或任何他们认为将来可能会重温的电脑文件)”可知，此处是指保存文件的行为变成了一种无法控制的冲动。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：数字囤积者可能会收集电子邮件、照片、文章、播客或任何他们认为将来可能会重温的电脑文件，但最终，在大多数情况下，他们很少真正使用、听或阅读这些文件。A. substantially实质上；B. frequently频繁地；C. autonomously自治地；D. rarely很少地。根据上文“Digital hoarders”和“electronic material no longer valuable to the user”可知，数字囤积者会囤积对用户不再有价值的电子材料，实际上他们很少真正使用、听或阅读这些文件。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个人过于依赖数据，甚至不考虑丢弃数据时，也会发生“数字囤积”。A. transmitted播送，传输，发射；B. closed关闭；C. attached附属，依附；D. assigned分派。根据上文“Digital hoarding also occurs”可知，此处是指当一个人过于依赖数据，数字囤积会发生，be attached to (依恋、爱上)。故选C。 26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些信息包括老朋友的聊天记录和照片，失散多年的朋友发来的短信，甚至是几年前收集的截图。A. flowers花；B. texts短信；C. gifts礼物；D. letters信。根据下文“sent by a long-lost friend”和上文“Digital hoarding”可知，数字囤积可包括失散多年的朋友发来的短信。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员根据他们的特点将数字囤积者分为四种不同的类型。A. regulated管理；B. categorized分类；C. integrated合并，成为一体；D. stimulated刺激。根据下文“into 4 different types”可知，此处是指将数字囤积者分为四种不同的类型。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“收集者”是有组织的、系统的，并能控制他们的数据。A. rigid僵硬的；B. generous慷慨的；C. patriotic爱国的，有爱国心的；D. systematic系统的。根据上文“organized”和下文“and in control of their data”可知，“收集者”具有系统型特点。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“意外囤积者”，也被称为“散漫或无序囤积者”，他们不会故意保存不必要的数据。A. disengaged散漫的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. reliable可靠的；D. discriminated区分的。根据下文“disorganized hoarders”可知，“意外囤积者”是缺乏组织的、散漫的。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，“焦虑囤积者”对自己的数据有着强烈的情感联系——他们担心删除数据。A. appeals呼吁，恳求；B. conflicts冲突，抵触；C. issues问题；D. ties联系。根据下文“and are worried about deleting it”可知，“焦虑囤积者”担心删除数据，说明他们对自己的数据有着强烈的情感联系。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于我们拥有比以往任何时候都多的数字存储，这个问题只会变得更糟。A. access获得的机会，使用权； B. concern担忧；C. desire愿望；D. excuse借口。根据后文“In addition, cloud storage makes it incredibly easy to purchase more storage as needed.”(此外，云存储使根据需要购买更多存储变得非常容易。)可知，此处是指我们拥有比以往任何时候都多的数字存储机会。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有了无限的云空间，网络用户在保存文件时不必三思，这是合乎逻辑的。A. multiple数量多的；B. secure安全的；C. limitless无限的；D. meaningless无意义的。根据下文“it’s logical when network users don’t think twice about saving files”可知，网络用户可随意保存文件，是因为他们有了无限的云空间。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，研究发现，数字囤积者的压力增加，现在研究人员观察到，数字囤积的负面后果可能与实物囤积类似。A. massive巨大的；B. regular规律的；C. casual随意的；D. physical物体的。根据上文“may be similar to”可知，此处是指数字囤积的负面后果可能与实物囤积类似，二者进行类比。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，留出时间好好地清理一下是很重要的，就像我们在现实世界中所做的一样。A. Instead反而；B. However但是；C. Otherwise否则；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“However, studies found that digital hoarders experience increased levels of stress”和下文“it’s important to set time aside to have a good clear-out”可知，数字囤积者的压力会增加，因此，留出时间好好地清理一下是很重要的。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过定期整理和清除无用的文件，有这个问题的人可以减轻一些痛苦，也可以理清自己的思路。A. making use of利用；B. taking care of照顾；C. getting rid of清除；D. getting used to习惯。根据下文“useless files”可知，作者建议清除无用的文件。故选C。 Section B (26’) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. (A) The HISTORY Channel series Alone drops contestants into some of the planet’s most punishing environments, with a bare minimum of clothing, safety and survival gear. In their battle against the elements, contestants are forced to use their fitness, their courage and their creativity to become true survivalists. Few people choose to be thrown into such extreme situations, but those who do have usually stumbled into some immense bad luck. Just check out one of the famous real-life survival stories: Mauro Prosperi is an Italian police officer who gained worldwide fame after getting lost in the Sahara Desert in 1994. A keen athlete and long-distance runner, Mauro took part in the 1994 Marathon of the Sands in Morocco, a six-day-long endurance race in one of the driest and barren environments on the planet. During the race, a sandstorm caused Prosperi, then 39 years old, married and father to three children, to become disoriented. One day after going off track, he found himself in an abandoned Muslim temple in Algeria. In order to survive, he killed and ate bats. For liquid, he was forced to drink his own waste, lick dew off of rocks and suck moisture out of his wet wipes. Assuming he would never be found, he cut his wrists with a pen knife from his supplies. However, it was such a dry heat that the wounds thickened and concreted, and he was forced to go back into the desert and attempt to find help. For nine days he walked through the desert and ate insects and cold-blooded animals. Finally, he found a small village. From there he was flown to a hospital, where doctors said his liver had almost completely failed. Having traveled 180 miles in all, Prosperi lost 35 pounds in body weight during his severe suffering in the desert; it took several months before he could eat solid food again. But he has remained an enthusiastic runner and even returned and completed the race in 2012. 36. Prosperi have to discontinue the Marathon of the Sands because ______. A. his supplies were running out B. his children didn’t want to lose him C. he lost his way for the bad weather D. he couldn’t tolerate the extreme heat 37. What caused Mauro Prosperi to head back to the desert for help? A. His intention to heal the wound. B. His failure to take away his own life. C. His decreasing interest in food sources. D. His discomfort with the temple environment. 38. According to the passage, what can be inferred about Mauro Prosperi’s experience? A. He found an alternative source of water in a traditional way. B. He demonstrated the determination to survive all the way through. C. His story was a proof of the worsening relationship between man and nature. D. His eventual return to the race signified his persistence. 39. What is the primary purpose of the passage? A. To entertain readers with an awe-inspiring fictional adventure story. B. To educate readers about the possible dangers of punishing environments. C. To inspire readers with human’s ability to survive the extreme challenges. D. To remind readers of the value of essential survival skills and preparedness. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了普洛斯彼里在沙漠中与大自然斗争，凭借他的健康、勇气和创造力，最后幸存下来的故事。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“During the race, a sandstorm caused Prosperi, then 39 years old, married and father to three children, to become disoriented. One day after going off track, he found himself in an abandoned Muslim temple in Algeria.（在比赛期间，一场沙尘暴使当时39岁、已婚并有三个孩子的普洛斯彼里迷失了方向。在偏离赛道后的一天，他发现自己来到了阿尔及利亚一座废弃的穆斯林寺庙。）”可知，普洛斯彼里不得不停止马拉松，是因为恶劣的天气使他迷路了。故选C项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Assuming he would never be found, he cut his wrists with a pen knife from his supplies. However, it was such a dry heat that the wounds thickened and concreted, and he was forced to go back into the desert and attempt to find help.（他以为再也找不到他了，就从他的用品里拿了把钢笔刀割腕。然而，天气太热了，伤口变厚凝结，他被迫回到沙漠，试图寻求帮助。）”可知，普洛斯彼里回到沙漠寻求帮助是因为他没能结束自己的生命。故选B项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Having traveled 180 miles in all, Prosperi lost 35 pounds in body weight during his severe suffering in the desert; it took several months before he could eat solid food again. But he has remained an enthusiastic runner and even returned and completed the race in 2012.（在总共旅行了180英里之后，普洛斯彼里在沙漠中遭受了严重的痛苦，体重减轻了35磅；过了好几个月他才又能吃固体食物了。但他仍然是一个热情的跑步者，甚至在2012年回来完成了比赛。）”可以推论出，普洛斯彼里是一个坚持不懈的人。故选D项。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“In their battle against the elements, contestants are forced to use their fitness, their courage and their creativity to become true survivalists.（在与大自然的斗争中，选手们被迫使用他们的健康、勇气和创造力，成为真正的生存主义者。）”和普洛斯彼里的故事可以推论出，本文的目的是通过人类在极端挑战中生存的能力来激励读者。故选C项。 (B) Tech-Camp No.6 Devon Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong A technology day camp for students 12-17 About About Tech-Camp Tech-Camp is a day camp with a focus on computers and electronics technology. We offer 2-week summer programmes for students of 12to 17 years of age. We have a computer lab with the latest and fastest equipment, an electronics lab, and a video production studio. Our staff are special, too. Our programme leaders are experts in computers and electronics, of course, but they are also people who care about children and enjoy working with them. The benefits of Tech-Camp In all of our programmes, we show students how to work in teams and how to solve problems by themselves. We encourage them to think creatively. What students will do at Tech-Camp Each day Tech-camp is filled with useful, interesting and challenging activities. For example, in the Computer Programme, students learn the basic computer programming, and how to use the Internet. In the High-tech Programme, they make radio-controlled model cars and produce their own short videos. Programme Session 1 Session 2 Session 3 Computer Programme 15 June-26 June 15 June-26 June 15 June-26 June High-tech Programme 29 June-10 July 27 July-7 August 15 June-26 June Fee: HK $2,000 per student（10% discount available for groups of 10 or more students.） For more information about Tech-Camp please contact Director of Summer Programmes, Ms Julia Brown, by phone, fax or e-mail. Telephone: 26548898 Fax: 26948850 E-mail: juliab@techcamp.com.hk 40. What would you probably like to ask about if you phone Ms Julia Brown after reading the brochure? A. The activities the students will have. B. The fee each attendant should pay. C. The e-mail address of Tech-Camp. D. The deadline for application. 41. From the brochure we can infer that ________. A. the Camp offers students accommodation during their two-week stay at the Camp B. high school teachers are in charge of the Tech-Camp all the time C. students at Tech-Camp benefit from the knowledge about the hi-tech through lectures given by the experts D. students will learn how to work with their friends and how to think and solve problems creatively through activities 42. If Mrs. Newman’s two sons and another ten classmates of theirs form a group to sign up for the camp, how much can Mrs. Newman save? A. HK $200 B. HK $400 C. HK $3600 D. HK $2400 【答案】40. D 41. D 42. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了一个科技夏令营的相关信息。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。纵观全文，没有找到与申请报名的截止日期相关的信息。根据文章最后一段“For more information about Tech-Camp, please contact Director of Summer Programmes, Ms Julia Brown, by phone, fax or e-mail. Telephone: 26548898 Fax: 26948850 E-mail: juliab@techcamp.com.hk ”（想要了解更多关于 Tech-Camp 的信息，请通过电话、传真或电子邮件联系暑期项目负责人 Julia Brown 女士。电话：26548898；传真：26948850；电子邮件：juliab@techcamp.com.hk）可知，如果你在阅读小册子后会打电话给 Julia Brown 女士，你可能会问申请报名的截止日期。故选D。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章 The benefits of Tech-Camp 部分“In all of our programmes, we show students how to work in teams and how to solve problems by themselves. We encourage them to think creatively.”（在我们所有的项目中，我们向学生展示如何团队合作以及如何独立解决问题。我们鼓励他们创造性地思考。）可知，学生们将学习如何与朋友合作，以及如何通过活动创造性地思考和解决问题。故选D。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章 Fee 部分“HK $2,000 per student（10% discount available for groups of 10 or more students.）”（每位学生 2000 港元（10 人或以上团体可享受 10%的折扣。））可知，10 人或以上团体可享受 10%的折扣，所以如果纽曼夫人的两个儿子和他们的另外十个同学组成一个小组报名参加夏令营，纽曼夫人有两个儿子，可以节省 2000×10%×2=400 港元。故选B。 (C) Ever stopped to consider the upside of volcanic eruptions? It’s not all death, destruction and hot lava — scientists have a plan to cool the planet by simulating one. It would probably work, but it could have disastrous consequences, and there is nothing to stop any country or company from using the technology. Solar geoengineering involves simulating a spewing volcano by spraying aerosols into the atmosphere. When they combine with oxygen, droplets of sulfuric acid form. These droplets reflect sunlight away from Earth, cooling the planet. All good in theory, but the consequences are largely unknown and a few could be disastrous. In a study recently published in Nature Communications, researchers led by Anthony Jones, a climate scientist from the University of Exeter, found that using this technology in the Northern Hemisphere could reduce the number of tropical cyclones hitting the U.S. and Caribbean but there would be more cyclones in the Southern Hemisphere and a drought across the Sahel region of Africa. That’s because the entire climate system is linked — disrupting one region will inevitably affect another. How would a nation react if another was causing its weather to get much worse? Would that be an act of war? There is, however, a case for using solar geoengineering on a global scale. Jones says it could be used to reduce the temperature increases scientists are predicting. It could be used while the world searches for more effective strategies. The study also highlights a far bigger problem with solar geoengineering: its complete lack of regulation. “There’s nothing that could stop one country just doing it,” Jones says. “You only need about 100 aircraft with three flights per day. It would cost $1 billion to $10 billion per year.” He adds, “It’s deeply disconcerting that we have this technology that could have such a massive influence on the climate, yet there’s just no regulation to stop countries or even organizations from doing it.” Jones cautions that there is much about the climate system we do not understand, as well as far more work that will need to be done before solar geoengineering is considered safe — or too dangerous to even discuss. 43. The first paragraph is intended to _________. A. compare downsides and upsides of volcanic eruptions B. propose a hypothesis and prove it in the rest of the passage C. give a blueprint of the passage and arouse readers’ interest D. raise a question and tempt readers to find the solution in the passage 44. According to the research by Anthony Jones and his team, using solar geoengineering ________. A. will benefit the countries applying them with almost no cost B. can reduce the temperature of the planet simply by spraying aerosol into the air C. will destroy the balance of the whole climate system and raise conflicts D. can calm various natural disasters such as tropical cyclones and droughts 45. The underlined word “disconcerting” is closest in meaning to _________. A. confusing B. disturbing C. acceptable D. disappointing 46. The writer is likely to agree that _________. A. solar geoengineering is good both in theory and in reality B. solar geoengineering is the last choice scientists should turn to C. relevant laws should be drafted up to avoid the abuse of solar geoengineering D. whether solar geoengineering benefits humans or not depends on where and how people use it 【答案】43. B 44. C 45. B 46. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们计划通过模拟火山来给地球降温，介绍了太阳能地球工程的工作原理以及存在的问题。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Ever stopped to consider the upside of volcanic eruptions? It’s not all death, destruction and hot lava — scientists have a plan to cool the planet by simulating one. It would probably work, but it could have disastrous consequences, and there is nothing to stop any country or company from using the technology. (曾经停下来思考过火山爆发的好处吗？地球上不全是死亡、毁灭和熔岩——科学家们计划通过模拟火山来给地球降温。它可能会起作用，但可能会带来灾难性的后果，没有任何东西可以阻止任何国家或公司使用这项技术)”可推知，第一段目的是提出一个假设，并在文章的其余部分证明它。故选B。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In a study recently published in Nature Communications, researchers led by Anthony Jones, a climate scientist from the University of Exeter, found that using this technology in the Northern Hemisphere could reduce the number of tropical cyclones hitting the U.S. and Caribbean but there would be more cyclones in the Southern Hemisphere and a drought across the Sahel region of Africa. That’s because the entire climate system is linked — disrupting one region will inevitably affect another. How would a nation react if another was causing its weather to get much worse? Would that be an act of war?( 在最近发表在《自然通讯》上的一项研究中，由埃克塞特大学的气候科学家安东尼-琼斯领导的研究人员发现，在北半球使用这种技术可以减少袭击美国和加勒比地区的热带气旋的数量，但在南半球会有更多的气旋，而且整个非洲的萨赫勒地区会出现干旱。这是因为整个气候系统是相互联系的——破坏一个地区将不可避免地影响另一个地区。如果另一个国家导致其天气变得更加糟糕，一个国家会如何反应？那会是一种战争行为吗？)”可知，根据安东尼·琼斯和他的团队的研究，利用太阳能地球工程会破坏整个气候系统的平衡，引发冲突。故选C。 【45题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“we have this technology that could have such a massive influence on the climate, yet there’s just no regulation to stop countries or even organizations from doing it.”可知，我们拥有这种可能对气候产生巨大影响的技术，但却没有规定阻止国家甚至组织这样做，这是一件令人不安的事情。故画线词意思是“令人不安的”。A. confusing令人困惑的；B. disturbing令人不安的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. disappointing令人失望的。故选B。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The study also highlights a far bigger problem with solar geoengineering: its complete lack of regulation.(这项研究还强调了太阳能地球工程的一个更大的问题：它完全缺乏监管)”可知，作者很可能同意“应起草相关法律以避免太阳能地球工程的滥用”的说法。故选C。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Monarch Butterflies Listed as Endangered The monarch butterfly, known for its legendary migration from Mexico to Canada, is now at great risk of extinction. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, the population of this orange-and-black insect has shrunk between 23% and 72% over the past 10 years. IUCN has labeled it as being endangered after having added it to its Red List of Threatened Species. ____47____. In order to make space for agriculture and urban development, people have been illegally cutting down trees. As a result, the massive forested areas that had previously sheltered the butterflies during winter have now been destroyed. Another factor at play is the use of herbicides (除草剂) in agricultural fields.____48____. Just before leaving their overwintering grounds, females lay eggs on milkweed plants. But now milkweed is disappearing, and monarch caterpillars are losing their host plants. Climate change has also taken a heavy toll on the species.____49____. What’s worse, severe weather conditions such as hurricanes and storms are proving to be disastrous for the already vulnerable butterflies. Monarch experts are calling for the public’s help in the fight to save the species. “Few species inspire the awe and wonder that the migratory monarch butterfly commands,” said Dr. Sean T. O’ Brien, President and CEO of Nature Serve. “While efforts to protect this species are encouraging, much is still needed to ensure its long-term survival.” What can be done to case the problem? A middle-of-the-road solution is gaining ground. Scientists recommend promoting the growth of native milkweed and nectar flowers. Monarch butterflies are a common backyard insect in America, so everyone can contribute their share.____50____. They can also plant flowers for monarchs-Those flowers will provide nectar for monarchs when they bloom. A. People can plant milkweed to support their egg-laying and caterpillars. B. When they are caterpillars (幼虫), monarchs entirely depend on milkweed. C. Hence, local people should maintain thick forests and reduce the use of pesticides within the monarch’s range. D. The reasons for the threat to monarchs are varied, but the leading one is the decades-long destruction of its habitats. E. In a one-two punch, droughts have limited the growth of milkweed, thus threatening the butterflies’ overwintering habitats. F. To help ensure the survival of monarchs, the habitats of the Monarch butterfly need to be protected and conserved. 【答案】47. D 48. B 49. E 50. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了帝王蝶面临灭绝的风险，主因是栖息地破坏、农药使用及气候变化，呼吁公众参与保护行动，如种植马利筋草和蜜源植物以支持其生存。 【47题详解】 上文“According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, the population of this orange-and-black insect has shrunk between 23% and 72% over the past 10 years. IUCN has labeled it as being endangered after having added it to its Red List of Threatened Species.(根据国际自然保护联盟的数据，在过去10年间，这种橙黑相间的昆虫的数量已经减少了23%至72%。该联盟已将其列入濒危物种红色名录，标示为濒危)”及下文“In order to make space for agriculture and urban development, people have been illegally cutting down trees. As a result, the massive forested areas that had previously sheltered the butterflies during winter have now been destroyed.(为了腾出空间进行农业种植和城市发展，人们一直在非法砍伐树木。因此，过去在冬季为蝴蝶提供庇护的广阔森林区域现在已经遭到破坏)”说明了帝王蝶面临灭绝的风险，数量急剧下降，并被列为濒危物种，以及人类活动对栖息地的破坏，空处承上启下，D选项“威胁帝王蝶生存的原因多种多样，但最主要的在于长达数十年的栖息地破坏。”既承接了上文提到的濒危现状，又引出了下文具体阐述的人类活动对栖息地的破坏，符合语境。故选D。 【48题详解】 上文“Another factor at play is the use of herbicides (除草剂) in agricultural fields.(另一个因素是在农田中使用的除草剂)”及下文“Just before leaving their overwintering grounds, females lay eggs on milkweed plants. But now milkweed is disappearing, and monarch caterpillars are losing their host plants.(在离开越冬地之前，雌蝶会在马利筋草上产卵。但现在马利筋草正在消失，帝王蝶幼虫也因此失去了寄主植物)”说明了农业领域除草剂使用对帝王蝶的影响，空处应解释除草剂的使用如何影响帝王蝶的具体方式，B选项“当帝王蝶处于幼虫阶段时，它们完全依赖马利筋草生存。”承接上文，解释除草剂与帝王蝶之间产生的联系，指出了马利筋草对帝王蝶幼虫的重要性，且与下文紧密相连，符合语境。故选B。 【49题详解】 上文“Climate change has also taken a heavy toll on the species.(气候变化也对这一物种造成了沉重打击)”及下文“What’s worse, severe weather conditions such as hurricanes and storms are proving to be disastrous for the already vulnerable butterflies.(更糟糕的是，飓风和风暴等极端天气条件对本来就脆弱的蝴蝶来说无疑是灾难性的)”说明了气候变化对帝王蝶种群的严重影响，空处围绕气候变化的主题展开，具体说明对于帝王蝶的影响，下文与之形成递进关系，E选项“干旱的影响如同连续两次重击，限制了马利筋草的生长，从而威胁到了蝴蝶的越冬栖息地。”与上文的气候变化话题相契合，还具体解释了干旱如何通过影响马利筋草的生长间接威胁到帝王蝶的生存。故选E。 【50题详解】 上文“Monarch butterflies are a common backyard insect in America, so everyone can contribute their share.(帝王蝶在美国是一种常见的后院昆虫，因此每个人都能为此贡献自己的一份力量)”及下文“They can also plant flowers for monarchs.(他们还可以为帝王蝶种植花卉)”说明了个人可以采取的具体措施来帮助帝王蝶，A选项“人们可以种植马利筋草以支持帝王蝶产卵和幼虫的生长。”提出了一个具体行动建议，即人们可以种植马利筋草来支持帝王蝶产卵和幼虫的生存，其中“can plant”与下文“can also plant”相呼应，符合语境。故选A。 IV. Summary(10’) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage. Use your own words as far as possible. Fiction Reading For many people, nothing is more enjoyable than spending a whole afternoon reading a good novel. But are novels simply a pleasure way to pass the time, or could it be true that reading fiction actually benefits our lives? One of the joys of fiction is that it can take us to places that our lives won’t. It can transport us to 17th-century France, or to war-torn Germany. It can take us to a future world in which artificial intelligence takes over and books are banned, or a fantasy world where people battle it out for food. Fiction can also introduce us to a whole range of people that we haven’t yet met. And this, according to Carrie Oates, a novelist and academic, is perhaps the real benefit of stories. In one of her studies, participants were asked to read either a short story by Chekhov, or a version of the story in documentary form. Those who were given the fictionalised version were found to be more likely to sympathize with the characters, thus, going through greater changes in personality. In another study, she showed participants photos of the eyes of people who were feeling and thinking different things. The people who read fiction were better able to interpret those thoughts and feeling than those who didn’t read. Oates explains that when we read fiction, we enter into the minds of the characters. We think about why they behave in a certain way, and what they are likely to do next. Just as we might become more knowledgeable about psychology and astronomy if we read about psychology and astronomy, we get better at this kind of social thinking if we read fiction. This improves our understanding of the thoughts and feelings of those around us in real life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Fiction reading is joyful and good for our lives. Fiction can lead us to where we can’t go in real life and let us know different people. Carrie Oates finds that fiction reading enables us to better understand the characters and thus change our personality, and that this understanding helps us identify with real people around us. (57) 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，读小说是快乐的，对我们的生活有好处。小说可以把我们带到现实生活中无法到达的地方，让我们认识不同的人。嘉莉·奥茨发现，阅读小说可以让我们更好地理解人物，从而改变我们的个性，而这种理解有助于我们认同周围的真实人物。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①But are novels simply a pleasure way to pass the time, or could it be true that reading fiction actually benefits our lives? ②One of the joys of fiction is that it can take us to places that our lives won’t. Fiction can also introduce us to a whole range of people that we haven’t yet met. ③Oates explains that when we read fiction, we enter into the minds of the characters. We think about why they behave in a certain way, and what they are likely to do next. Just as we might become more knowledgeable about psychology and astronomy if we read about psychology and astronomy, we get better at this kind of social thinking if we read fiction. This improves our understanding of the thoughts and feelings of those around us in real life. 2.缜密构思： 将1个要点进行总说，将第2、3两个要点进行分说，且第3个要点进行精简。 3.遣词造句 Fiction reading is joyful and good for our lives. Fiction can lead us to where we can’t go in real life and let us know different people. Carrie Oates finds that fiction reading enables us to better understand the characters and thus change our personality, and that this understanding helps us identify with real people around us. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Fiction can lead us to where we can’t go in real life and let us know different people.运用where引导地点状语从句对原文第二段和第三段进行了概括。 [高分句型2] Carrie Oates finds that fiction reading enables us to better understand the characters and thus change our personality, and that this understanding helps us identify with real people around us.用that引导宾语从句对最后一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。 V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 尽管他如此辛勤付出与奉献，人生仍历经诸多起起落落。(Despite)(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Despite his hard work and dedication, his life has gone through many ups and downs. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词和形容词。分析句子可知，这里时态应用现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响。表示“尽管”应用despite，“他如此辛勤付出与奉献”为名词短语his hard work and dedication，为介词短语作状语；表“经历”为动词短语go through，表“起起落落”，为固定搭配ups and downs，表示“人生仍历经诸多起起落落”应用his life has gone through many ups and downs。故翻译为Despite his hard work and dedication, his life has gone through many ups and downs. 53. 这位科学家的创新研究为解决环境问题提供了新思路，赢得了专家们的啧啧称赞。(applaud) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The scientist’s innovative research provided new approaches to solving environmental problems and was highly applauded by experts. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。“这位科学家的创新研究”为“The scientist’s innovative research”，作主语；“提供”为“provide”；“解决环境问题的新思路”为“new approaches to solving environmental problems”作宾语。“赢得了专家们的啧啧称赞”处理成被动语态，“啧啧称赞”为“be highly applauded by”。故翻译为：The scientist’s innovative research provided new approaches to solving environmental problems and was highly applauded by experts. 54. 看到这么多年轻人主动学昆曲，老艺术家倍感欣慰，意识到这门传承数百年的艺术终于后继有人了。(relieve) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Seeing so many young take the initiative to learn Kun opera, the old artists felt relieved and realized that this art passed down for centuries finally has successors. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“看到某人做了某事”表达为see sb. do sth.；“这么多年轻人”表达为so many young people；“主动学习”表达为take the initiative to do sth.；“昆曲”表达为Kun opera；“老艺术家”表达为the old artists；“感到欣慰”表达为feel relieved，此处relieved为形容词作表语；“意识到”表达为realize；“这门传承数百年的艺术”表达为the art passed down for centuries，此处passed down为过去分词做的定语，修饰the art；“后继有人”表达为have successors。根据句意可知，主句为“老艺术家倍感欣慰，意识到这门传承数百年的艺术终于后继有人了”，表达为 the old artists felt relieved and realized that this art passed down for centuries finally has successors，主语为the old artist，谓语动词为felt和realized，relieved为形容词作felt的表语，that this art passed down for centuries finally has successors为that引导的宾语从句，宾语从句中this art为主语，has为谓语动词，successors为宾语，“艺术终于后继有人了”为客观事实，故用一般现在时has；“看到这么多年轻人主动学昆曲”在句中作状语，主语为the old artist，与see之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，表达为Seeing so many young take the initiative to learn Kun opera；主句陈述过去发生的动作，故应用一般过去时felt和realized，故整句翻译为：Seeing so many young take the initiative to learn Kun opera, the old artists felt relieved and realized that this art passed down for centuries finally has successors。 55. 何不沿着湖边小道慢跑，让自己置身于湖光山色之中呢? (expose) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Why not go jogging along the lakeside path and expose yourself to the beautiful scenery of the lake and mountains? 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型、固定短语。表示“何不……”用Why not do sth.，句首单词，首字母大写；表示“沿着……慢跑”用go jogging along，“湖边小道”用lakeside path，作along宾语；表示“让自己置身于……之中”用expose oneself to...，此处用反身代词yourself表示“你自己”；表示“湖光山色”用the beautiful scenery of the lake and mountains。其中expose yourself to the beautiful scenery of the lake and mountains与go jogging along the lakeside path是并列关系，用and连接。故翻译为：Why not go jogging along the lakeside path and expose yourself to the beautiful scenery of the lake and mountains? 56. 在知悉这项关乎民生的重大政策后，社区雷厉风行地采取了一系列有效措施。(inform；concern) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Informed of the major policy concerning people’s livelihood, the community took a series of effective measures without delay. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。表示“社区”用the community，作主语。表示“采取措施”用take measures，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，因此时态使用一般过去时，谓语用take的过去式took。表示“一系列有效措施”用a series of effective measures，作宾语。表示“雷厉风行地”用without delay。表示“告知某人某事”用inform sb. of sth.，与主语the community是被动关系，因此使用过去分词短语informed of作状语，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“重大政策”用the major policy，作介词of的宾语。表示“关乎”用介词concerning。表示“民生”用people’s livelihood，作concerning的宾语。故翻译为Informed of the major policy concerning people’s livelihood, the community took a series of effective measures without delay. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第二学期高二英语期中试卷 第Ⅰ卷 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Supermarket. B. Tailor’s shop. C. Department store. D. Convenience store. 1 2. A.200 pounds. B.600 pounds. C.300 pounds. D.700 pounds. 3.A. Call the ticket office later. B. Order the tickets online. C. Not to buy the ticket on the Internet. D. Order the tickets when it’s not busy. 4.A. Borrowing money from a business company. B. Lending some money to a student. C. Asking for some financial aid. D. Reading students’ application. 5.A. The bed is to blame for his not falling asleep. B. He can fall asleep if he stops drinking. C. He can drink more to fall asleep easily. D. Drinking is good for sleeping. 6.A. He is satisfied with the content. B. He feels sorry for it. C. He thinks it is valueless. D. He thinks it is valuable. A. Professor Smith spoke Greek when he explained the maths problem. B. The woman still didn’t understand the maths problem. C. Unfortunately, she didn’t hear Professor Smith’s explanation. D. Professor Smith didn’t explain the problem clearly. 8.A. Collect papers for the man. B. Do the typing once again. C. Check the paper for typing errors. D. Read the whole newspaper. 9. A. Proceed in his own way. B. Stick to the original plan. C. Negotiate with his colleague. D. Try to change his colleague’s mind. 10. A. His project proved to be unsuccessful. B. He was unable to get sufficient money. C. Lack of land prevented his success. D. He was successful with his project. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To guide and help children’s play. B. To give children an opportunity to play. C. To make children excited. D. To keep children company. 12. A. It determines the standard a child can reach. B. It is the happiest period during one’s life. C. It is the most important time to shape one’s character. D. It is the best time for children to learn new things. 13. A. The relationship between play and learning. B. The way to help children develop both physically and mentally. C. The importance of children’s play. D. Different stages of children’s development. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. It tends to wander towards unpleasant experiences. B. It wanders for almost half of their waking time. C. It has trouble concentrating after a brain injury. D. It tends to be affected by their negative feelings. 15. A. To find how happiness relates to daydreaming. B To observe how one’s mind affects one’s behavior. C. To see why daydreaming impacts what one is doing. D. To study the relation between health and daydreaming. 16. A. Participants with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear goals. B. The difference in performance between the two groups was insignificant. C. Non-daydreamers were more confused on their tasks than daydreamers. D. Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance. Questions 17through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Their average lifespan was less than 50 years. B. It was very common for them to have 12 children. C. They retired from work much earlier than today. D. They were quite optimistic about their future. 18. A. Get ready for ecological changes. B. Adapt to the new environment. C. Learn to use new technology. D. Explore ways to stay young. 19. A. When all women go out to work. B. When family planning is enforced. C When a world government is set up. D. When all people become wealthier. 20. A. Eliminate poverty and injustice. B. Migrate to other planets. C Control the environment. D. Find inexhaustible resources. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Why Is DeepSeek Shaking Up the Tech World The AI community is very excited about DeepSeek-R1, a new open-source model developed by Chinese start-up DeepSeek. ___1___(release) on January 20, the AI tool quickly rose to the top of app charts worldwide. According to DeepSeek, in tasks such as mathematics, coding and natural language reasoning, the performance of this model is comparable to the leading models from major tech companies like Open AI, but delivered at a fraction (小部分) of the cash and computing power of its competitors. Since its foundation in July 2023, DeepSeek ___2___ (make) great progress in the field of large language models (LLMs). The company released its first model “DeepSeek LLM” in January 2024. In December, the start-up launched its open-source LLM “V3.” U.S. media reports claimed that V3 was better than all of Meta’s open-source LLMs and as good as Open AI’s closed-source GPT4-o. The latest Rl model achieved an important technological breakthrough by using pure deep learning methods ___3___ (allow) AI to spontaneously emerge with reasoning capabilities. Developers have traditionally used approaches such as Chain-of-Thought and Supervised Fine-Tuning to train AI. One depends on step-by-step reasoning and the other on huge amounts of labeled data. DeepSeek, however, adopted Reinforcement Learning (RL) ___4___ a core training method. RL enables models to learn through interaction and reward mechanisms, ___5___ (make) it better suited for complex and changing tasks. R1, therefore, is more adaptable and efficient. ___6___ really amazed its competitors, however, was the small budget DeepSeek used to make it all happen. According to its V3 model technical report, the company’s manufacturing cost is about $5.57 million, ranking it among ___7___ (expensıve) LLMs. It shows the possibility of advanced AI at much lower costs than was widely believed. In an industry ___8___ development has long relied on piling up computing power, DeepSeek models inspire: Bigger is no longer always smarter. But together we are smarter. Open source allows researchers, developers and users to access the underlying code of DeepSeek’s models. This means that they can use, change or enhance the models to suit their needs. The company has committed itself to ___9___ (contribute) to the collective advancement of technology. ___10___ asked about the meaning of “DeepSeek” the R1 chatbot replied, “The name reflects the company’s mission to deeply explore and advance the foundational technologies of AI, aiming to push back the boundaries of AI innovation and application.” It has no doubt lived up to that name. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A. bonds B. feature C. distinctly D. dedicated E. awakenıng F. twist G. standout H. perceive I. evolving J. determined K. strikingly Tan Dun, a renowned composer, is celebrated for blending ancient traditions with modern creativity. Nurtured in a Hunan village, Tan’s artistic _____11_____ stemmed from Ghost Opera-a ritual heritage blending Taoism, Buddhism, and nature worship. His childhood dream to become a shaman who could “ _____12_____ the wind’s whispers and decode stone-leaf dialogues” shaped his artistic vision through spiritual _____13_____ to the natural world. A life-changing moment came at age 16 when Tan heard a symphony. The emotional power of Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony by the Philadelphia Orchestra deeply moved him. _____14_____ to master this art form, he studied at China’s Central Conservatory of Music and later in New York. Two decades later, he was invited to work with the Philadelphia Orchestra, bringing his journey full circle. Tan’s music often draws on the sounds of nature. One of his _____15_____ works, The Map, features unconventional instruments such as water bowls, stones, and rice paper. In Passacaglia: Secret of Wind and Birds, Tan seamlessly blends the sounds of wind and birds with orchestral instruments. This creates a rich experience that evokes the dynamic interplay between humans and the natural world. Tan is also _____16_____ to preserving China’s musical heritage. Folk music and cultural elements _____17_____ in many of his works. He has also brought a modern _____18_____” to ancient instruments, like the suona. In 2017, Tan reimagined Hundreds of Birds Paying Homage to Phoenix for orchestra, performing it in Sydney with suona player Liu Wenwen. This fusion (融合) of Chinese and Western music captivated global audiences. In 2024, Tan paid tribute to (向…致敬) Beethoven with Choral Concerto: Nine in Bonn. Blending Schiller’s “Ode to Joy” with Chinese poetry by Qu Yuan and Li Bai, it explorers universal brotherhood and man-nature harmony, echoing Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony while presenting a(n) _____19_____ Eastern perspective For Tan, music is a(n) ______20______ force, much like a river flowing through time. His works honor past traditions while embracing modern innovations, bridging the past with the future. As he says, “The world is one home,” and music, with its power to unite, connects people across cultures and generations. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Are you a digital hoarder? Most people are familiar with hoarding (囤积) and the psychological issues associated with it. Hoarding leads to messy homes and difficulty ____21____ with items that you don’t use and don’t even need. But hoarding can also occur in the digital world. Digital hoarding, also known as e-hoarding, is too much acquisition and ____22____ to delete electronic material no longer valuable to the user. Most computer users save digital files to some extent, and that’s expected. With digital hoarding, however, the act of saving the files becomes an uncontrollable ____23____. Digital hoarders may collect emails, photos, articles, podcasts, or any type of computer files they believe they may want to revisit in the future, and ultimately, in most cases, they ____24____ get to actually use it or listen to it or read it. Digital hoarding also occurs when someone is too ____25____ to the data even to consider getting rid of it. This can include chats and photos of an old partner, ____26____ sent by a long-lost friend, or even screenshots collected several years ago. Researchers have ____27____ digital hoarders into 4 different types, according to their characteristics. “Collectors” are organized, ____28____ and in control of their data. “Accidental hoarders”, also called “____29____ or disorganized hoarders”, don’t intentionally save unnecessary data. They just don’t know how to organize it. “The hoarders by instruction” keep data on behalf of their company (even when they could delete much of it). Finally, “anxious hoarders” have strong emotional ____30____ to their data — and are worried about deleting it. The problem has only gotten worse since we have more ____31____ to digital storage than ever. In addition, cloud storage makes it incredibly easy to purchase more storage as needed. With ____32____ cloud space, it’s logical when network users don’t think twice about saving files. However, studies found that digital hoarders experience increased levels of stress and now researchers are observing that the negative consequences of digital hoarding may be similar to those of ____33____ hoarding. ____34____, it’s important to set time aside to have a good clear-out, in the same way we do in the physical world. By organizing and ____35____ useless files in a regular way, people with this problem can ease some of their distress and clear their own mind as well. 21. A. stocking B. binding C. living D. parting 22. A. reluctance B. eagerness C. perspective D. fantasy 23. A. obstacle B. boost C. urge D. stream 24. A. substantially B. frequently C. autonomously D. rarely 25. A. transmitted B. closed C. attached D. assigned 26. A. flowers B. texts C. gifts D. letters 27. A. regulated B. categorized C. integrated D. stimulated 28. A. rigid B. generous C. patriotic D. systematic 29. A. disengaged B. enthusiastic C. reliable D. discriminated 30. A. appeals B. conflicts C. issues D. ties 31. A. access B. concern C. desire D. excuse 32. A. multiple B. secure C. limitless D. meaningless 33. A. massive B. regular C. casual D. physical 34. A. Instead B. However C. Otherwise D. Therefore 35. A. making use of B. taking care of C. getting rid of D. getting used to Section B (26’) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. (A) The HISTORY Channel series Alone drops contestants into some of the planet’s most punishing environments, with a bare minimum of clothing, safety and survival gear. In their battle against the elements, contestants are forced to use their fitness, their courage and their creativity to become true survivalists. Few people choose to be thrown into such extreme situations, but those who do have usually stumbled into some immense bad luck. Just check out one of the famous real-life survival stories: Mauro Prosperi is an Italian police officer who gained worldwide fame after getting lost in the Sahara Desert in 1994. A keen athlete and long-distance runner, Mauro took part in the 1994 Marathon of the Sands in Morocco, a six-day-long endurance race in one of the driest and barren environments on the planet. During the race, a sandstorm caused Prosperi, then 39 years old, married and father to three children, to become disoriented. One day after going off track, he found himself in an abandoned Muslim temple in Algeria. In order to survive, he killed and ate bats. For liquid, he was forced to drink his own waste, lick dew off of rocks and suck moisture out of his wet wipes. Assuming he would never be found, he cut his wrists with a pen knife from his supplies. However, it was such a dry heat that the wounds thickened and concreted, and he was forced to go back into the desert and attempt to find help. For nine days he walked through the desert and ate insects and cold-blooded animals. Finally, he found a small village. From there he was flown to a hospital, where doctors said his liver had almost completely failed. Having traveled 180 miles in all, Prosperi lost 35 pounds in body weight during his severe suffering in the desert; it took several months before he could eat solid food again. But he has remained an enthusiastic runner and even returned and completed the race in 2012. 36. Prosperi have to discontinue the Marathon of the Sands because ______. A. his supplies were running out B. his children didn’t want to lose him C. he lost his way for the bad weather D. he couldn’t tolerate the extreme heat 37. What caused Mauro Prosperi to head back to the desert for help? A. His intention to heal the wound. B. His failure to take away his own life. C. His decreasing interest in food sources. D. His discomfort with the temple environment. 38. According to the passage, what can be inferred about Mauro Prosperi’s experience? A. He found an alternative source of water in a traditional way. B. He demonstrated the determination to survive all the way through. C. His story was a proof of the worsening relationship between man and nature. D. His eventual return to the race signified his persistence. 39. What is the primary purpose of the passage? A. To entertain readers with an awe-inspiring fictional adventure story. B. To educate readers about the possible dangers of punishing environments. C. To inspire readers with human’s ability to survive the extreme challenges. D. To remind readers of the value of essential survival skills and preparedness. (B) Tech-Camp No.6 Devon Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong A technology day camp for students 12-17 About About Tech-Camp Tech-Camp is a day camp with a focus on computers and electronics technology. We offer 2-week summer programmes for students of 12to 17 years of age. We have a computer lab with the latest and fastest equipment, an electronics lab, and a video production studio. Our staff are special, too. Our programme leaders are experts in computers and electronics, of course, but they are also people who care about children and enjoy working with them. The benefits of Tech-Camp In all of our programmes, we show students how to work in teams and how to solve problems by themselves. We encourage them to think creatively. What students will do at Tech-Camp Each day Tech-camp is filled with useful, interesting and challenging activities. For example, in the Computer Programme, students learn the basic computer programming, and how to use the Internet. In the High-tech Programme, they make radio-controlled model cars and produce their own short videos. Programme Session 1 Session 2 Session 3 Computer Programme 15 June-26 June 15 June-26 June 15 June-26 June High-tech Programme 29 June-10 July 27 July-7 August 15 June-26 June Fee: HK $2,000 per student（10% discount available for groups of 10 or more students.） For more information about Tech-Camp, please contact Director of Summer Programmes, Ms Julia Brown, by phone, fax or e-mail. Telephone: 26548898 Fax: 26948850 E-mail: juliab@techcampcom.hk 40. What would you probably like to ask about if you phone Ms Julia Brown after reading the brochure? A. The activities the students will have. B. The fee each attendant should pay. C. The e-mail address of Tech-Camp. D. The deadline for application. 41. From the brochure we can infer that ________. A. the Camp offers students accommodation during their two-week stay at the Camp B. high school teachers are in charge of the Tech-Camp all the time C. students at Tech-Camp benefit from the knowledge about the hi-tech through lectures given by the experts D. students will learn how to work with their friends and how to think and solve problems creatively through activities 42. If Mrs. Newman’s two sons and another ten classmates of theirs form a group to sign up for the camp, how much can Mrs. Newman save? A. HK $200 B. HK $400 C. HK $3600 D. HK $2400 (C) Ever stopped to consider the upside of volcanic eruptions? It’s not all death, destruction and hot lava — scientists have a plan to cool the planet by simulating one. It would probably work, but it could have disastrous consequences, and there is nothing to stop any country or company from using the technology. Solar geoengineering involves simulating a spewing volcano by spraying aerosols into the atmosphere. When they combine with oxygen, droplets of sulfuric acid form. These droplets reflect sunlight away from Earth, cooling the planet. All good in theory, but the consequences are largely unknown and a few could be disastrous. In a study recently published in Nature Communications, researchers led by Anthony Jones, a climate scientist from the University of Exeter, found that using this technology in the Northern Hemisphere could reduce the number of tropical cyclones hitting the U.S. and Caribbean but there would be more cyclones in the Southern Hemisphere and a drought across the Sahel region of Africa. That’s because the entire climate system is linked — disrupting one region will inevitably affect another. How would a nation react if another was causing its weather to get much worse? Would that be an act of war? There is, however, a case for using solar geoengineering on a global scale. Jones says it could be used to reduce the temperature increases scientists are predicting. It could be used while the world searches for more effective strategies. The study also highlights a far bigger problem with solar geoengineering: its complete lack of regulation. “There’s nothing that could stop one country just doing it,” Jones says. “You only need about 100 aircraft with three flights per day. It would cost $1 billion to $10 billion per year.” He adds, “It’s deeply disconcerting that we have this technology that could have such a massive influence on the climate, yet there’s just no regulation to stop countries or even organizations from doing it.” Jones cautions that there is much about the climate system we do not understand, as well as far more work that will need to be done before solar geoengineering is considered safe — or too dangerous to even discuss. 43. The first paragraph is intended to _________. A. compare downsides and upsides of volcanic eruptions B. propose a hypothesis and prove it in the rest of the passage C. give a blueprint of the passage and arouse readers’ interest D. raise a question and tempt readers to find the solution in the passage 44. According to the research by Anthony Jones and his team, using solar geoengineering ________. A. will benefit the countries applying them with almost no cost B. can reduce the temperature of the planet simply by spraying aerosol into the air C. will destroy the balance of the whole climate system and raise conflicts D. can calm various natural disasters such as tropical cyclones and droughts 45. The underlined word “disconcerting” is closest in meaning to _________. A. confusing B. disturbing C. acceptable D. disappointing 46. The writer is likely to agree that _________. A. solar geoengineering is good both in theory and in reality B. solar geoengineering is the last choice scientists should turn to C. relevant laws should be drafted up to avoid the abuse of solar geoengineering D. whether solar geoengineering benefits humans or not depends on where and how people use it Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Monarch Butterflies Listed as Endangered The monarch butterfly, known for its legendary migration from Mexico to Canada, is now at great risk of extinction. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, the population of this orange-and-black insect has shrunk between 23% and 72% over the past 10 years. IUCN has labeled it as being endangered after having added it to its Red List of Threatened Species. ____47____. In order to make space for agriculture and urban development, people have been illegally cutting down trees. As a result, the massive forested areas that had previously sheltered the butterflies during winter have now been destroyed. Another factor at play is the use of herbicides (除草剂) in agricultural fields.____48____. Just before leaving their overwintering grounds, females lay eggs on milkweed plants. But now milkweed is disappearing, and monarch caterpillars are losing their host plants. Climate change has also taken a heavy toll on the species.____49____. What’s worse, severe weather conditions such as hurricanes and storms are proving to be disastrous for the already vulnerable butterflies. Monarch experts are calling for the public’s help in the fight to save the species. “Few species inspire the awe and wonder that the migratory monarch butterfly commands,” said Dr. Sean T. O’ Brien, President and CEO of Nature Serve. “While efforts to protect this species are encouraging, much is still needed to ensure its long-term survival.” What can be done to case the problem? A middle-of-the-road solution is gaining ground. Scientists recommend promoting the growth of native milkweed and nectar flowers. Monarch butterflies are a common backyard insect in America, so everyone can contribute their share.____50____. They can also plant flowers for monarchs-Those flowers will provide nectar for monarchs when they bloom. A. People can plant milkweed to support their egg-laying and caterpillars. B. When they are caterpillars (幼虫), monarchs entirely depend on milkweed. C. Hence, local people should maintain thick forests and reduce the use of pesticides within the monarch’s range. D. The reasons for the threat to monarchs are varied, but the leading one is the decades-long destruction of its habitats. E. In a one-two punch, droughts have limited the growth of milkweed, thus threatening the butterflies’ overwintering habitats. F. To help ensure the survival of monarchs, the habitats of the Monarch butterfly need to be protected and conserved. IV. Summary(10’) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage. Use your own words as far as possible. Fiction Reading For many people, nothing is more enjoyable than spending a whole afternoon reading a good novel. But are novels simply a pleasure way to pass the time, or could it be true that reading fiction actually benefits our lives? One of the joys of fiction is that it can take us to places that our lives won’t. It can transport us to 17th-century France, or to war-torn Germany. It can take us to a future world in which artificial intelligence takes over and books are banned, or a fantasy world where people battle it out for food. Fiction can also introduce us to a whole range of people that we haven’t yet met. And this, according to Carrie Oates, a novelist and academic, is perhaps the real benefit of stories. In one of her studies, participants were asked to read either a short story by Chekhov, or a version of the story in documentary form. Those who were given the fictionalised version were found to be more likely to sympathize with the characters, thus, going through greater changes in personality. In another study, she showed participants photos of the eyes of people who were feeling and thinking different things. The people who read fiction were better able to interpret those thoughts and feeling than those who didn’t read. Oates explains that when we read fiction, we enter into the minds of the characters. We think about why they behave in a certain way, and what they are likely to do next. Just as we might become more knowledgeable about psychology and astronomy if we read about psychology and astronomy, we get better at this kind of social thinking if we read fiction. This improves our understanding of the thoughts and feelings of those around us in real life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 尽管他如此辛勤付出与奉献，人生仍历经诸多起起落落。(Despite)(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 53. 这位科学家的创新研究为解决环境问题提供了新思路，赢得了专家们的啧啧称赞。(applaud) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 54. 看到这么多年轻人主动学昆曲，老艺术家倍感欣慰，意识到这门传承数百年的艺术终于后继有人了。(relieve) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 55. 何不沿着湖边小道慢跑，让自己置身于湖光山色之中呢? (expose) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 56. 在知悉这项关乎民生的重大政策后，社区雷厉风行地采取了一系列有效措施。(inform；concern) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$